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CRESOLS (Mixed Isomers)

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CRESOLS (Mixed Isomers) Common Name: CRESOLS (mixed isomers) CAS Number: 1319-77-3 DOT Number: UN 2076 RTK Substance number: 0537 DOT Hazard Class: 6.1 (Poison) Date: December 2006 Revision: March 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------- HAZARD SUMMARY * Cresols can affect you when breathed in and by passing * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely through your skin. evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area * Cresols are CORROSIVE CHEMICALS and contact can air samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes with possible from your employer. You have a legal right to this eye damage. information under the OSHA Access to Employee * Breathing Cresols can irritate the nose, throat and lungs. Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR * High exposure to Cresols can cause collapse and death 1910.1020). within minutes. * If you think you are experiencing any work-related health * Cresols may cause a skin allergy. If allergy develops, very problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational low future exposure can cause itching and a skin rash. diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. * Cresols may damage the liver and kidneys. * ODOR THRESHOLD = 0.0006 ppm. * Long-term exposure can lead to chronic poisoning, with * The range of accepted odor threshold values is quite trouble swallowing, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, broad. Caution should be used in relying on odor alone as headache and dizziness. a warning of potentially hazardous exposures. IDENTIFICATION WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS Cresols are colorless to yellowish or pink crystalline (sand- The following exposure limits are for all isomers of Cresols: like) solids or oily liquids. They are used in disinfectants, fumigants and photographic developers. OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit (PEL) is 5 ppm averaged over an 8-hour REASON FOR CITATION workshift. * Cresols are on the Hazardous Substance List because they NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is are regulated by OSHA and cited by ACGIH, DOT, 2.3 ppm averaged over a 10-hour workshift. NIOSH, DEP, IRIS, NFPA and EPA. * These chemicals are on the Special Health Hazard ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is Substance List because they are CORROSIVE. 5 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift. * Definitions are provided on page 5. * The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING skin contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even EXPOSED though air levels are less than the limits listed above. The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE employers to provide their employees with information and * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust training concerning chemical hazards and controls. The ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be 1910.1200) requires private employers to provide similar worn. training and information to their employees. * Wear protective work clothing. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Cresols and at the end of the workshift. CRESOLS (mixed isomers) page 2 of 6 * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and addition, as part of an ongoing education and training present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for effort, communicate all information on the health and safety damage already done are not a substitute for controlling hazards of Cresols to potentially exposed workers. exposure. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee potential and most severe health hazards that may result from Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020). exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the Mixed Exposures potential effects described below. * Because more than light alcohol consumption can cause --------------------------------------------------------------------------- liver damage, drinking alcohol can increase the liver damage caused by Cresols. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES Acute Health Effects The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous immediately or shortly after exposure to Cresols: substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to * Contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at with possible eye damage. the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also * Breathing Cresols can irritate the nose, throat and lungs. reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is * High exposure to Cresols can cause collapse and death less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is within minutes. sometimes necessary. Chronic Health Effects In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the some time after exposure to Cresols and can last for months or substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether years: harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when Cancer Hazard significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible. * While Cresols have not been identified as carcinogens, three specific isomers (ortho, meta and para) have been In addition, the following control is recommended: determined to be human carcinogens. Cresols should be handled with extreme caution. * Where possible, automatically transfer Cresols from drums or other storage containers to process containers. Reproductive Hazard Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous * While Cresols have been tested, they are not classifiable as exposures. The following work practices are recommended: to their potential to cause reproductive harm. Other Long-Term Effects * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by Cresols should change into clean clothing promptly. * Cresols may cause a skin allergy. If allergy develops, very * Do not take contaminated work clothes home. Family low future exposure can cause itching and a skin rash. members could be exposed. * Cresols may damage the liver and kidneys. * Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by * Long-term exposure can lead to chronic poisoning, with individuals who have been informed of the hazards of trouble swallowing, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, exposure to Cresols. headache and dizziness. * Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work area for emergency use. MEDICAL * If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower facilities should be provided. Medical Testing * On skin contact with Cresols, immediately wash or shower For those with frequent or potentially high exposure (half the to remove the chemical. At the end of the workshift, wash PEL or greater, or significant skin contact), the following are any areas of the body that may have contacted Cresols, recommended before beginning work and at regular times after whether or not known skin contact has occurred. that: * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Cresols are handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be swallowed. * Evaluation by a qualified allergist, including careful Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking, smoking, or exposure history and special testing, may help diagnose using the toilet. skin allergy. * For solid Cresols, use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce * Liver and kidney function tests. dust during clean-up. DO NOT DRY SWEEP. CRESOLS (mixed isomers) page 3 of 6 * If while wearing a filter or cartridge respirator you can PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT smell, taste, or otherwise detect Cresols, or if while wearing particulate filters abnormal resistance to breathing WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN is experienced, or eye irritation occurs while wearing a full PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for facepiece respirator, leave the area immediately. Check to some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. If it is, done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace replace the filter or cartridge. If the seal is no longer good, controls are being installed), personal protective equipment you may need a new respirator. may be appropriate. * Be sure to consider all potential exposures in your workplace. You may need a combination of filters, The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR prefilters or cartridges to protect against different forms of a 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate chemical (such as vapor and mist) or against a mixture of personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train chemicals. employees on how and when to use protective equipment. * Where the potential exists for exposure over 23 ppm, use a NIOSH
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