B1196 2.5 KG Butylated Hydroxytoluene

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

B1196 2.5 KG Butylated Hydroxytoluene Scientific Documentation B1196, Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Granular, NF Not appropriate for regulatory submission. Please visit www.spectrumchemical.com or contact Tech Services for the most up‐to‐date information contained in this information package. Spectrum Chemical Mfg Corp 769 Jersey Avenue New Brunswick, NJ 08901 Phone 732.214.1300 Ver4.06 25.August.2021 B1196, Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Granular, NF Table of Contents Product Specification Certificate of Analysis Sample(s) Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Certification of Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) Source Statement BSE/TSE Statement Allergen Statement EU Fragrance Allergen Statement GMO Statement Melamine Statement Nitrosamine Statement Animal Testing Statement Organic Compliance Statement Shelf Life Statement Other Chemicals Statement Elemental Impurities Statement Residual Solvents Statement General Label Information – Sample Label General Lot Numbering System Guidance Kosher Certificate Halal Certificate Specification for Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Granular, NF (B1196) Item Number B1196 Item Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Granular, NF CAS Number 128-37-0 Molecular Formula C15H24O Molecular Weight 220.36 MDL Number Synonyms BHT ; Butylated Hydroxytoluene ; 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol Test Specification Min Max APPEARANCE SPECTRUM MATCHES IDENTIFICATION A) FTIR REFERENCE RETENTION TIME IDENTIFICATION B (HPLC) MATCHES STANDARD ASSAY 99.0 101.5 % RESIDUE ON IGNITION 0.002 % ELEMENTAL IMPURITIES: LEAD (Pb) AS REPORTED ARSENIC (As) AS REPORTED ORGANIC IMPURITIES: p-Cresol or m-cresol 0.1 % 3-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) 0.1 % 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid 0.1 % 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol or 2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol 0.1 % 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzaldehyde 0.1 % 4,6-Di-tert-butyl-m-cresol 0.1 % 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-phenol 0.1 % INDIVIDUAL IMPURITY 0.1 % TOTAL IMPURITIES 0.7 % CERTIFIED KOSHER CERTIFIED HALAL RETEST DATE MANUFACTURE DATE RESIDUAL SOLVENTS AS REPORTED MONOGRAPH EDITION Certificate Of Analysis Item Number B1196 Lot Number 1KG0917 Item Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Granular, NF CAS Number 128-37-0 Molecular Formula C15H24O Molecular Weight 220.36 Test Specification Result min max APPEARANCE WHITE GRANULES SPECTRUM SPECTRUM IDENTIFICATION A) FTIR MATCHES MATCHES REFERENCE REFERENCE RETENTION RETENTION IDENTIFICATION B (HPLC) TIME MATCHES TIME MATCHES STANDARD STANDARD ASSAY 99.0 101.5 % 99.9 % RESIDUE ON IGNITION 0.002 % 0.0004 % ELEMENTAL IMPURITIES: . LEAD (Pb) AS REPORTED <0.5 µg/g ARSENIC (As) AS REPORTED <1.5 µg/g ORGANIC IMPURITIES: . p-Cresol or m-cresol 0.1 % <0.1 % 3-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) 0.1 % <0.1 % 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid 0.1 % <0.1 % 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol or 2-tert-butyl-5- methylphenol 0.1 % <0.1 % 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzaldehyde 0.1 % <0.1 % 4,6-Di-tert-butyl-m-cresol 0.1 % <0.1 % 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-phenol 0.1 % <0.1 % INDIVIDUAL IMPURITY 0.1 % <0.1 % TOTAL IMPURITIES 0.7 % <0.7 % CERTIFIED KOSHER CERTIFIED KOSHER CERTIFIED HALAL CERTIFIED HALAL RETEST DATE 15-JUL-2024 MANUFACTURE DATE 15-JUL-2021 NO RESIDUAL RESIDUAL SOLVENTS AS REPORTED SOLVENTS USED MONOGRAPH EDITION (NF) 38 Spectrum Chemical Mfg Corp 14422 South San Pedro Street Gardena 90248 CA All pharmaceutical ingredients are tested using current edition of applicable pharmacopeia. Read and understand label and SDS before handling any chemicals. All Spectrum's chemicals are for manufacturing, processing, repacking or research purposes by experienced personnel only. It is the customer's responsibility to provide adequate hazardous material training and ensure that appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used before handling any chemical. The Elemental Impurities standards implemented by USP and other Pharmaceutical Compendia reflect a growing understanding of the toxicology of trace levels of elemental impurities that can remain in drug substances originating from either raw materials or manufacturing processes. Identifying and quantifying impurities can be critical to predicting the best possible patient outcomes. Elemental Impurities has been a requirement of all products meeting USP/NF, EP and BP monographs since January 1, 2018. More information can be found in USP sections <232> Elemental Impurities – Limits and <233> Elemental Impurities – Procedures. Data for drug substances furnished by Spectrum Chemical Mfg. Corp can be used to ensure that patient daily exposures by oral administration to the selected elements are not exceeded in the formulation of pharmaceutical products. SAFETY DATA SHEET Preparation Date: 4/24/2014 Revision date 7/31/2019 Revision Number: G6 1. IDENTIFICATION Product identifier Product code: B1196 Product Name: BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE, GRANULAR, NF Other means of identification Synonyms: BHT Butylhydroxytoluene p-Cresol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl- Butylated Hydroxytoluene Ionol 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol 2,6-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-1-hydroxy-4-methylbenzene 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene 4-Methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol CAS #: 128-37-0 RTECS # GO7875000 CI#: Not available Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use Recommended use: FOOD ADDITIVE; ANTIOXIDANT FOR SYNTHETIC RUBBERS, PLASTICS, SOAPS, ANIMAL & VEGETABLE OILS; ANTISKINNING AGENT IN PAINTS & INKS; IN CHEWING GUM BASE, PACKAGING MATERIALS, BUTTER, CANDY, PARAFFIN & MINERAL OILS; EMPLOYED TO RETARD OXIDATIVE DEGRADATION OF OILS & FATS IN VARIOUS COSMETICS & PHARMACEUTICALS. Uses advised against No information available Supplier: Spectrum Chemical Mfg. Corp 14422 South San Pedro St. Gardena, CA 90248 (310) 516-8000 Order Online At: https://www.spectrumchemical.com Emergency telephone number Chemtrec 1-800-424-9300 Contact Person: Tom Tyner (USA - West Coast) Contact Person: Ibad Tirmiz (USA - East Coast) 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Classification This chemical is considered hazardous by the 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) Considered a dangerous substance or mixture according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) Product code: B1196 Product name: BUTYLATED Page 1 / 13 HYDROXYTOLUENE, GRANULAR, NF Acute toxicity - Oral Category 4 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A Label elements Warning Hazard statements Harmful if swallowed Causes skin irritation Causes serious eye irritation Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) Not Applicable Other hazards Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects Toxic to aquatic life Precautionary Statements - Prevention Wash face, hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection Precautionary Statements - Response IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. If eye irritation persists: Get medical attention. IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water If skin irritation occurs: Get medical attention Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or physician if you feel unwell Rinse mouth Precautionary Statements - Disposal Dispose of contents and container to an approved waste disposal plant in accordance with local, regional, national and international regulations as applicable 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Component CAS No Weight-% Butylated Hydroxytoluene 128-37-0 100 4. FIRST AID MEASURES First aid measures General Advice: National Capital Poison Center in the United States can provide assistance if you have a poison emergency and need to talk to a poison specialist. Call Product code: B1196 Product name: BUTYLATED Page 2 / 13 HYDROXYTOLUENE, GRANULAR, NF 1-800-222-1222. Skin Contact: Wash off immediately with soap and plenty of water removing all contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. If skin irritation persists, call a physician. Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for 15 minutes. Get medical attention. Inhalation: Move to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting without medical advice. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Obtain medical attention. Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed Symptoms Irritating to eyes and skin Vomiting Nausea May cause diarrhea Respiratory depression Central nervous system effects Tremors Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically. Protection of first-aiders First-Aid Providers: Avoid exposure to blood or body fluids. Wear gloves and other necessary protective clothing. Dispose of contaminated clothing and equipment as bio-hazardous waste. 5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES Extinguishing Media Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Water spray mist or foam. Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: No information available. Specific hazards arising from the chemical Hazardous combustion products Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide. Specific hazards May be combustible at high temperatures. Special Protective Actions for Firefighters Specific Methods: No information available Special Protective Equipment for Firefighters: As in any fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent) and full protective gear Product code: B1196 Product name: BUTYLATED
Recommended publications
  • Degradation of Phenol and P-Cresol in Reactors Water Science and Technology
    m33 18/9/00 6:35 pm Page 237 Degradation of phenol and p-cresol in reactors Water Science and Technology Herbert H. P. Fang* and Gong-Ming Zhou** * Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China ** National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Abstract The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and phenol concentration on the degradation of phenol and p-cresol in wastewater were investigated in two respective UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactors with effluent recirculation at 37 oC for over 440 days. After acclimation, nearly all the Vol 42 Nos 5–6pp 237–244 phenol and p-cresol at moderate concentrations could be degraded without carbohydrate as a co-substrate. Treating a wastewater containing 800 mg/l of phenol and 300 mg/l of p-cresol at HRT ranging 2-12 hours, the first reactor consistently removed 95% of phenol, 65% of p-cresol and 85% of COD at 8-12 hours of HRT; the efficiency, however, decreased at lower HRT. Treating wastewater containing a constant p-cresol concentration of 400 mg/l at 24 hours of HRT, the second reactor was able to remove 75-80% of COD when the phenol was 1200 and 1500 mg/l; the removal efficiency decreased as phenol concentration further increased. High levels of residual phenol and p-cresol in the effluent suppressed the activity of biogranules. The suppression of bioactivity was not permanent. Biomass was able to regain its activity fully after lowering the phenolic concentrations in the wastewater.
    [Show full text]
  • Category Assessment Document For
    U.S. EPA HPV Challenge Program Category Assessment Document for Acids and Caustics from Petroleum Refining Category Tar acids, cresylic, sodium salts, caustic solutions (CAS No. 68815-21-4); Neutralizing agents (petroleum), spent sodium hydroxide (CAS No. 064742- 40-1); Phenols, sodium salts, mixed with sulfur comp; gasoline alky scrubber residues (CAS No. 68988-99-8); Sludges (petroleum), acid (CAS No. 064742-24-1). Submitted by: American Petroleum Institute Petroleum HPV Testing Group American Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street NW Washington, DC 20005 Consortium Registration # 1100997 July 6, 2009 Acids and Caustics From Petroleum Refining Consortium Registration # 1100997 CATEGORY ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT Acids and Caustics from Petroleum Refining Table of Contents Tables ........................................................................................................................................... 3 Figures ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Annexes........................................................................................................................................ 3 Plain Language Summary ......................................................................................................... 4 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 5 2. Category Description ........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Oxidation of Phenol and Cresol by Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Method in Homogeneous Medium: Application to Treatment of A
    Oxidation of phenol and cresol by electrochemical advanced oxidation method in homogeneous medium : application to treatment of a real effluent of aeronautical industry Marcio Pimentel To cite this version: Marcio Pimentel. Oxidation of phenol and cresol by electrochemical advanced oxidation method in homogeneous medium : application to treatment of a real effluent of aeronautical industry. Other. Université Paris-Est, 2008. English. NNT : 2008PEST0271. tel-00742470v2 HAL Id: tel-00742470 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00742470v2 Submitted on 7 May 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Université Paris-Est Marne-La-Vallée Institut Francilien des Sciences Appliquées (IFSA) Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Géologie de l'Ingénieur THÈSE pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de l’Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée Spécialité : Sciences et Techniques de l'Environnement présentée et soutenue publiquement par Marcio PIMENTEL le 24 septembre 2008 Etudes de l'oxydation de phénol et crésols par l'oxydation électrochimique avancée en milieu homogène. Application au traitement d'effluent de l'industrie aéronautique Phenol and cresols treatment in aqueous solution by electro-Fenton process: Application to the mineralization of aeronautic wastewater industry. Directeur de thèse : Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • New Strategies for Separations Through Reactions
    Sddhand, Vol. 10, Parts 1 & 2, April 1987, pp. 163-183. © Printed in India. New strategies for separations through reactions V G GAIKAR and M M SHARMA* Department of'Chemical Techno[ogy, University of Bombay, Matunga, Bombay 400 019, India Abstract. Separations through reactions can provide reliable and economically viable alternatives to established methods of separation, particularly for close boiling substances. New strategies in 'Dissociation Extraction' and "Dissociation Extractive Crystallization' for separation of close boiling acidic/basic mixtures have been highlighted. Separations with aqueous solutions of hydrotrope and aqueous micellar solutions have been brought out. Separations by membranes with facilitated transport is potentially attractive. Keywords. Separations through reactions; dissociation extraction; reactive crystallization; dissociation extractive crystallization; reactive distillation; separations with hydrotropes; micelles in separations: membrane separations; hydrometallurgical separations; separations with supercritical fluids. I. Introduction In chemical process industries separations of a variety of mixtures are frequently encountered and the cost of separation may dominate the capital investment and operational expenses. Quite often physical methods of separation, such as distillation, crystallization, solvent extraction followed by distillation and adsorp- tion, are used, which exploit the differences in physical properties like boiling points, solubility, melting points etc. However, for systems having close boiling points or which are thermally unstable, these methods are either not applicable or not economically viable. In such cases the strategy of selective reactions may prove to be attractive. There is, therefore, a clear incentive to probe newer methods of separations through reactions to achieve better selectivity and higher throughput. An ideal situation would be where separation and the desired reaction are conducted simultaneously.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Safety Assessment of BHT As Used in Cosmetics
    Safety Assessment of BHT as Used in Cosmetics Status: Re-Review for Panel Review Release Date: May 10, 2019 Panel Meeting Date: June 6-7, 2019 The 2019 Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel members are: Chair, Wilma F. Bergfeld, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Donald V. Belsito, M.D.; Ronald A. Hill, Ph.D.; Curtis D. Klaassen, Ph.D.; Daniel C. Liebler, Ph.D.; James G. Marks, Jr., M.D., Ronald C. Shank, Ph.D.; Thomas J. Slaga, Ph.D.; and Paul W. Snyder, D.V.M., Ph.D. The CIR Executive Director is Bart Heldreth, Ph.D. This safety assessment was prepared by Alice Akinsulie, Scientific Analyst/Writer. © Cosmetic Ingredient Review 1620 L Street, NW, Suite 1200 ♢ Washington, DC 20036-4702 ♢ ph 202.331.0651 ♢ fax 202.331.0088 ♢ [email protected] Distributed for Comment Only -- Do Not Cite or Quote Commitment & Credibility since 1976 Memorandum To: CIR Expert Panel Members and Liaisons From: Alice Akinsulie Scientific Analyst/Writer Date: May 10, 2019 Subject: Re-Review of the Safety Assessment of BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene) The CIR Expert Panel first published an assessment of BHT in 2002 with the conclusion “safe as used in cosmetic formulations” (BHT062019origrep). Minutes from is the original proceedings are included in this packet (BHT062019min). Because it has been at least 15 years since the report was published, in accord with CIR Procedures, the Panel should consider whether the safety assessment of BHT should be re-opened. An exhaustive search of the world’s literature was performed for studies dated 1997 forward. A brief synopsis of the relevant data is enclosed (BHT062019newdata).
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Most Appropriate Risk Management Option (Rmoa) ______
    ANALYSIS OF THE MOST APPROPRIATE RISK MANAGEMENT OPTION (RMOA) _________________________________________________________________ Analysis of the most appropriate risk management option (RMOA) Substance Name: 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol EC Number: 204-881-4 CAS Number: 128-37-0 Authority: France Date: March 2016 Cover Note 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)) belongs to the broad group of alkyl phenols and as alkyl phenol ethoxylates BHT is on the Danish EPA “List of Undesirable Substances” latest updated in 2009. The group was recently reviewed in a report: “Survey of alkyl phenols and alkyl phenol ethoxylates (Danish EPA 2012). The group includes substances that are hazardous to the environment and substances that have or may have endocrine disrupting effects. The substance is also listed in the Danish inventory of carcinogenic substances. BHT is included in the framework on the French national Strategy on Endocrine Disruptors (Stratégie Nationale sur les Perturbateurs Endocriniens or SNPE) in 2015. ANSES was commissioned by the French Competent Authority (Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy) and identified BHT as a good candidate for working further on its ED properties. Consequently, France initiated a RMOA on BHT, mainly focused on the ED properties of this substance. EC no 204-881-4 Anses (on behalf FR-MSCA) Page 1 sur 48 ANALYSIS OF THE MOST APPROPRIATE RISK MANAGEMENT OPTION (RMOA) _________________________________________________________________ Indeed, alerts on BHT come from different sources. BHT shares common uses with BHA, that was analysed within the framework of SNPE in 2014 and which has been identified numerous times as a potential endocrine disruptors: European Commission on Endocrine Disruption (EDC Database): Listed BHA as a Category 1 priority substance, based on evidence that it interferes with hormone function.
    [Show full text]
  • Bht) (Casrn 128-37-0)
    EPA/690/R-13/003F l Final 6-05-2013 Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values for Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) (CASRN 128-37-0) Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center National Center for Environmental Assessment Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH 45268 AUTHORS, CONTRIBUTORS, AND REVIEWERS CHEMICAL MANAGER J. Phillip Kaiser, PhD National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH DRAFT DOCUMENT PREPARED BY ICF International 9300 Lee Highway Fairfax, VA 22031 PRIMARY INTERNAL REVIEWERS Ghazi Dannan, PhD National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC Q. Jay Zhao, PhD, MPH, DABT National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH This document was externally peer reviewed under contract to Eastern Research Group, Inc. 110 Hartwell Avenue Lexington, MA 02421-3136 Questions regarding the contents of this document may be directed to the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development’s National Center for Environmental Assessment, Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center (513-569-7300). i TABLE OF CONTENTS COMMONLY USED ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................... iii BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................1 DISCLAIMERS ...............................................................................................................................1 QUESTIONS REGARDING PPRTVS ...........................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Sources and Bioactivities of 2,4-Di-Tert-Butylphenol and Its Analogs
    toxins Review Natural Sources and Bioactivities of 2,4-Di-Tert-Butylphenol and Its Analogs Fuqiang Zhao 1,2, Ping Wang 3, Rima D. Lucardi 4 , Zushang Su 3 and Shiyou Li 3,* 1 College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, Liaoning, China; [email protected] 2 CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China 3 National Center for Pharmaceutical Crops, Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA; [email protected] (P.W.); [email protected] (Z.S.) 4 Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 320 Green Street, Athens, GA 30602, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 8 October 2019; Accepted: 16 December 2019; Published: 6 January 2020 Abstract: 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol or 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenol (2,4-DTBP) is a common toxic secondary metabolite produced by various groups of organisms. The biosources and bioactivities of 2,4-DTBP have been well investigated, but the phenol has not been systematically reviewed. This article provides a comprehensive review of 2,4-DTBP and its analogs with emphasis on natural sources and bioactivities. 2,4-DTBP has been found in at least 169 species of bacteria (16 species, 10 families), fungi (11 species, eight families), diatom (one species, one family), liverwort (one species, one family), pteridiphyta (two species, two families), gymnosperms (four species, one family), dicots (107 species, 58 families), monocots (22 species, eight families), and animals (five species, five families).
    [Show full text]
  • Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) Crops
    Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) Crops 1 2 Executive Summary 3 A petition was filed with the NOSB to use butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as an antioxidant in a number of pheromone 4 formulations. Pheromones and BHT would be enclosed in a plastic matrix, allowing slow release of the materials into the 5 air. Due to low volatility of BHT, most of it would remain in the dispenser and direct contact with the crop would be 6 negligible. BHT is an alkylated cresol that can be synthesized several ways. The p-cresol starting material is isolated from 7 coal tar or petroleum. It is also obtained synthetically from toluene. The p-cresol is alkylated with isobutylene gas in the 8 presence of an acidic catalyst to produce BHT. It is used as an antioxidant in food, and is also used as a stabilizer in 9 pesticides, gasoline, lubricants, soaps and cosmetics, and as an antiskinning agent in paints and inks. 10 11 The material has not been reviewed by NOSB before, and because it is synthetic and on List 3, is currently prohibited for 12 use in organic production under the National Organic Program Standards. However, pheromone formulations that use 13 BHT have been widely used by organic farmers. Impacts on the environment and human health from this application 14 should be negligible. The TAP reviewers unanimously concluded that BHT should be added to the National List as an 15 allowed synthetic with the annotation: for use in organic crop production systems as an antioxidant for pheromones 16 enclosed in plastic dispensers. The reviewers were all concerned with the precedent that this set, and made it clear that 17 addition to the National List should be made only if application and use is limited.
    [Show full text]
  • Safe Handling of Cresols, Xylenols & Cresylic Acids
    Safe Handling of Cresols, Xylenols & Cresylic Acids I. Introduction Cresols, xylenols and cresylic acids are hazardous substances and dangerous both to people and the environment if handled improperly. Cresols, xylenols and cresylic acid products produced by Sasol Chemicals (USA) LLC are highly versatile materials and are used as intermediates in the manufacture of a wide variety of industrial products such as resins, flame retardants, antioxidants, and coatings. In these and other applications, cresylic acids can be stored, transferred, processed and disposed of safely when proper procedures and safeguards are used. “Cresol” refers to any of the three isomers of methylphenol (C7H8O) or combinations thereof. “Cresols” commonly refer to a mixture which is predominantly methylphenol but may also contain lesser amounts of other alkylphenols. “Xylenol” is a common name for any of the six isomers of dimethylphenol (C8H10O) or their various combinations. Material which is predominantly dimethylphenol but which also contains ethylphenols and other alkylphenols may be referred to as “Xylenols”. “Cresylic acid” is a generic term referring to various combinations of cresols, xylenols, phenol or other alkylphenols (ethylphenols, propylphenols, trimethylphenols, etc.). See Table A for specific information on individual isomers. Purpose & Scope The purpose of this document is to provide information gathered through Sasol’s long experience in the safe handling of cresylic acids. It focuses on basic and practical information about working safely with these substances. Additional references are provided and it is strongly recommended that these and others be consulted prior to working with cresylic acids. Please do not hesitate to contact your regional Sasol office if we can be of assistance in the safe storage, handling, processing and disposal of our products.
    [Show full text]
  • Rhodotomla Cresolica Sp. Nov., a Cresol-Assimilating Yeast Species Isolated from Soil
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNALOF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY, Apr. 1997, p. 324-327 Vol. 47, No. 2 0020-7713/97/$04,00+0 Copyright 0 1997, International Union of Microbiological Societies Rhodotomla cresolica sp. nov., a Cresol-Assimilating Yeast Species Isolated from Soil WOUTER J. MIDDELHOVEN1* AND FRANS SPAAIJ' La boratorium voor Microbiologie, Wageningen Agricultural University, 6700 EJ Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Labor fur Schimmelpilze und Hefen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany2 A cresol-assimilating yeast strain of a previously undescribed species belonging to the genus Rhodotorula was isolated from soil. The new strain differs from the previously described species of the genus in its pattern of assimilation of carbon and nitrogen compounds, G+C content, and low levels of DNA-DNA-homology. The new species Rhodotorula cresolica is described. The type strain is CBS 7998. Several yeast species are able to assimilate a great variety of Gilford Response UV-VIS spectrophotometer and thermal programming soft- benzene compounds as sole sources of carbon and energy. ware heating at a rate of O.l"C/min. The G+C content was calculated by the following formula: G+C content = (2.08 X T,) - 106.4, where T,,, is the thermal Strains displaying this property have been found in culture denaturation temperature. A standard preparation of Candida parapsilosis CBS collections (5) and in several natural habitats (7, 12 . In a 604 DNA (T,, 70.6"C) was included as a control in every determination. The previous publication, the isolation of yeast strain G36.2 (T = value reported below is the mean 2 standard deviation from three determina- type strain) from soil polluted with ortho-cresol was reported tions.
    [Show full text]
  • Free Radical-Derived Quinone Methide Mediates Skin Tumor
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 88, pp. 946-950, February 1991 Medical Sciences Free radical-derived quinone methide mediates skin tumor promotion by butylated hydroxytoluene hydroperoxide: Expanded role for electrophiles in multistage carcinogenesis (chemical carcinogenesis/phenoxyl radicals/reactive intermediates/metabolic switching/ornithine decarboxylase) KATHRYN Z. GUYTON*, PURSHOTAM BHANt, PERIANNAN KUPPUSAMYt, JAY L. ZWEIER , MICHAEL A. TRUSH*, AND THOMAS W. KENSLER*§ *Division of Toxicological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, tDepartment of Biochemistry, and tElectron Paramagnetic Resonance Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205 Communicated by Paul Talalay, October 23, 1990 (receivedfor review September 25, 1990) ABSTRACT Free radical derivatives of peroxides, hydrop- tabolism of BHT in its actions as a promoter and toxin is eroxides, and anthrones are thought to mediate tumor promo- highlighted by the ability of several inhibitors of cytochrome tion by these compounds. Further, the promoting activity of P450 to suppress BHT toxicity (6, 7) and the observation that phorbol esters is attributed, in part, to their ability'to stimulate a hydroxylated metabolite is more effective than BHT as either the cellular generation of oxygen radicals. A hydroperoxide a tumor promoter or toxin in mouse lung (8, 9). Glutathione- metabolite of butylated hydroxytoluene, 2,6-di-tert-butyl4- depleting agents enhance liver and lung damage and elevate the hydroperoxyl4-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadienone (BHTOOH), has covalent binding of BHT in these tissues, suggesting that previously been shown to be a tumor promoter in mouse skin. toxicity may be mediated through an electrophilic intermediate (10, 11). Structure-activity studies of the 4-methyl position of BHTOOH is extensively metabolized by murine keratinocytes to BHT indicate that a quinone methide intermediate may be the several radical species.
    [Show full text]