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PSI • Annual Report 1996 / Annex IMA CH9700437 PAUL SCHERRER INSTITUT PSI • Annual Report 1996 / Annex IMA Solid State Research at Large Facilities PAUL SCHERRER NSTITUT jJL. | Paul Scherrer Institut Wurenljngen and Villigen CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland Telephone +41 56 310 21 11 Telefax +41 56 310 21 99 Internet Address http://www.psi .ch Annual Report 1996 Annex III A Solid State Research at Large Facilities Editors: U. Baltensperger, R. Lorenzen COVER PHOTO: Accelerator SIMS allows very low level trace element detection in ultrapure materials. A view into the sputter- ing chamber through a vacuum window shows the target holder with a silicon sample and the cesium sputter gun. In order to avoid sample contamination all components are plated with pure gold. TABLE OF CONTENTS Editorial 1 Spallation Neutron Source First flux measurement in a SINQ supermirror neutron guide 4 Tensile properties in Zircaloy-ll after 590 MeV proton irradiation 5 Research activities on structure materials of Spallation Neutron Source at SINQ 6 Dynamic response of the target container under pulsed heating 8 Flow mapping for ESS horizontal target 10 Irradiation facilities at the Spallation Neutron Source SINQ 12 Tests of a new CCD-camera based neutron radiography detector system at the reactor stations in Munich and Vienna 15 Concept for a new high resolution high intensity diffractometer 17 Magnetization behavior of nanocrystalline systems combining ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases 19 Magnetic microstructure of nanocrystalline ferromagnets and nanocrystalline systems combining ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases 20 Molecular dynamics simulation of nanocrystalline nickel: structure and mechanical properties 21 Sputter deposition and characterisation of hard wear-resistant Ti/TiN multilayers 22 The vibrational spectrum of the atoms in the grain boundaries of nanocrystalline Pd 23 Ion Beam Physics The PSI/ETH tandem accelerator facility 26 AMS of 14C at low energies 27 60Fe measurements with the PSI/ETH EN tandem accelerator 28 New data acquisition system for AMS 29 10Be/230Th ratios as proxy for particle flux in the equatorial Pacific Ocean 30 Beryllium-10 concentrations in water samples of high northern latitudes 31 Determination of depositional beryllium-10 fluxes in the area of the Laptev Sea 32 Atmospheric radiocarbon variations 11 000 years ago 33 The timing of the maximum extent of the Rhone Glacier at Wangen a.d. Aare 34 Estimation of precipitation rates by measurements of 36CI in the GRIP ice core with the PSI/ETH tandem accelerator 35 Determination of 10Be, 26AI, and 36CI in meteorites 36 Determination and systematics of excitation functions for the production of 36CI by means of AMS 37 Reconstruction of exposure histories of meteorites from Antarctica and the Sahara 38 41Ca measurements at the Zurich AMS facility 39 Determination of proton-induced production cross sections and production rates of 129I from Te 40 Accelerator SIMS, a technique for the detection of stable trace elements in ultrapure materials 41 Trace element analysis in silicon by accelerator SIMS 42 Nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) for trace element detection 43 A time-of-flight spectrometer for the investigation of liquid metal ion sources 44 Cobalt alloy ion sources for focused ion beam implantation 45 Direct deposition of gold on silicon with focused ion beams 46 Structuring of silicon with low energy focused ion beams 47 Surface structuring with focused cluster ion beams 48 MeV fullerene impacts on mica 49 Radio- and Environmental Chemistry • Trace Elements Distribution patterns of rare earth elements in various plant species 52 Rare earth elements in soil extracts by ICP-MS 54 • Aerosol Chemistry Development of a thermal method for the measurement of elemental carbon 55 A wet effluent denuder/mist-chamber coupled to ion chromatography for the continuous measurement of atmospheric HONO, HNO3, NO3 and SO/ 56 Assessment of snow accumulation dynamics on a high-alpine snow field using glass microspheres 57 On the aerosol-cloud relationship at a high-alpine site 58 Adiabatic and diabatic aerosol transport to the Jungfraujoch 59 The Jungfraujoch high-alpine research station (3454 m) as a background clean continental site for the measurement of aerosol parameters 60 Analysis of intensive aerosol optical properties measured at the Jungfraujoch station 61 Hygroscopic properties of diesel engine soot particles 62 Fractal-like dimension of nanometer diesel soot particles 63 Heterogeneous formation of HONO on carbonaceous aerosol 64 Development and performance test of a continuous source of nitrous acid (HONO) 65 Adsorption of NO2 on carbon aerosol particles at the low ppb-level 66 • Analytical Chemistry Multielement trace analyses of SINQ materials by ICP-OES 67 The analysis of lead concentrations and isotope ratios in recent snow samples from high-alpine sites with a double focusing ICP-MS 68 Trace analysis of inorganic ions in ice samples by capillary electrophoresis 69 A deposition record of inorganic ions from a high-alpine glacier 70 First formate, acetate and methanesulfonate analysis in firn samples from Grenzgletscher (Monte Rosa, 4200 m a.s.l.) 71 Quantification of the removal of chemical species by snow 72 • Heavy Elements First thermochemical property of seaborgium determined 73 First ever production of a transactinide element in Switzerland 75 OLGA experiments with 261104 under chlorinating and brominating conditions 76 Stability and "volatility" of element 104 oxychloride 77 Isothermal gas chromatography of short-lived Hf isotopes and element 104 in chlorinating, oxygen containing carrier gas 78 Studies on the chemistry of element 104 with the centrifuge system SISAK-3 79 Chromatographic study of element 104 in the system HCI/triisobutylphosphate (TBP) 80 First results on the sorption behaviour of rutherfordium from HCI/HF containing aqueous solution 81 Preparation of 183184Re samples for modelling a rapid gas phase chemistry of nielsbohrium (Ns), element 107 82 Adsorption gas chromatography with 150-ms sl6Po 83 Excitation function for the reaction M4Pu(22Ne, a3n)259No 84 Thermochromatography of No-259 85 Reaction gas chromatography of oxide and hydroxide species of molybdenum - simulation and experiment 86 Atmospheric production rate of 36CI 87 Calculation of solubility of pure metals in mercury 88 Gas phase chemistry of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incinerator model atmospheres 89 • Cement Chemistry Cement chemistry: Main activities during the last year 90 Neutron Scattering FOCUS: Neutron time-of-flight spectrometer at SINQ: recent progress 92 Composite germanium monochromators - results for the TriCS 93 Mechanical and structural properties of sputtered Ni/Ti multilayers 94 Performance of remanent supermirror benders 95 Preferential growth in FeCoVfTi:N multilayers 96 Anisotropies in sputtered FeCoV films and FeCoWTkN multilayers 97 Structural and magnetic properties of Ce/Fe and Ce/FeCoV multilayers 98 High quality multilayer mirrors for soft X-rays 99 X-ray grazing incidence diffraction from multilayers 100 Population and structural changes of the metastable state MS II in sodiumnitroprusside Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]2H/D2O at 60 K 101 Neutron scattering investigation of structure and dynamics of trioxan sodalite 102 Crystal structures and phase transitions of the shape memory alloy Ni505Ti495 103 Unusual pressure dependence of the crystallographic structure in RNiO3 perovskites (R = rare earth) 104 A novel strontium-rhodium hydride 105 Neutron diffraction on CeMnAIDx (0 < x < 2.5) 106 Evidence for a pseudogap above Tc in underdoped superconductors 107 Coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism in Er,Ba4Cu70143 108 Ca substitution in RBa2Cu307.6 (R=Y, Er; 8<0.15): The influence on the structure and the superconductivity 109 Dispersion of CEF levels in Nd2Cu04 and Pr086Ce0HCuO4 110 Magnetic excitations of Nd in Nd2xCe^Cu04 (x=0,0.09,0.13) 111 3+ Crystal electric field splitting of R -ions in pure and Co- and Cu-doped RNi2B2C (R=Ho, Er, Tm) 112 Polarization dependence of the spin-density-wave excitations in single-domain chromium 113 Polarization dependence of the magnetic fluctuations in the weak itinerant ferromagnet MnSi below Tc 114 Magnetic structure of two- and three-dimensional supramolecular compounds 115 Neutron spectroscopic study of the crystal field interaction in Pr,.xLaxNiO3 (0 < x < 0.7) 116 Neutron spectroscopy of the crystalline-electric-field in Nd^Sr.MnO, (x=0, 0.3) and PrMnO3 117 154 Orbital ordering in SmNi03 118 Incommensurate magnetic ordering of PrPdAI 119 Antiferromagnetic Nd ordering in NdPd2Ga3 120 Crystal electric field and dimer splitting in Cs3Er2X9(X=CI,Br) 121 Astrophysics Progress on X-ray detection with polycrystalline Nb/AI/AIO/AI/Nb tunneling junctions 124 FUVITA Complex Test 126 XMM-RGS flight hard ware accepted and delivered 127 Calibrations of the engineering model of the standard radiation environment monitor at the PIF 128 Operating of the Proton Irradiation Facility - statistical summary 130 Solar influence on the earth's radiation belts 131 The coronal emission measure distribution of the young Sun 133 Contributions of active binary stars to the galactic diffuse X-ray background 135 Dark matter in the Universe 137 List of publications 139 Contributions to conferences and workshops 148 Lectures and courses 170 Members of scientific committees 172 Higher degrees awarded 175 EDITORIAL The year 1996 was supposed to be an extraordinary 4th Summer School on Neutron Scattering, Zuoz, year for our research department; - and indeed it was.
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