I N
E D R
I A C
A S T
N E O
D I
T
A
C
L
E
O R
N I
G D
S T
S
H
A E
P
H
M
O
O
R
C
I
.
Z
N
O
a
r e o t
u a
n t
o d
r
O
N
t
o
h
t
e
Z r
N
a
I e o
C
p r t
p
R h I
a
R
C
s O
e r
C
a l
H e
t
L s
s
t
, E
E i
s
a
e l
H
(
d
P
T
F
u
o
t
O
l
i
e
NORTH D t
R
a
(
l N
N
M
E
A
n C
X r
O P
e
A ) H
h
.
M C T
t
r
. I
P o
N
L S n
E
E
P Z
m
“ o
E
r A N
F H
O NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
M T R
T
Y N
H
E
” K E
CAMELOPARDALIS
)
W
S .
. T
T PERSEUS
D
E
U
W e B
R
n
N
e
D
W 15
b
E
γ
T
T
W i H
A
The Evening Sky Map s JULY 2020
E C
o
O
FREE* EACH MONTH FOR YOU TO EXPLORE, LEARN & ENJOY THE NIGHT SKY n S
L
e K
16 Y
E
o
R
f
M
A t
Double Cluster Double
A h
S SKY MAP SHOWS HOW
Get Sky Calendar on Twitter P
e
T
C A m
LYNX E
E R
o
J
17 O S http://twitter.com/skymaps s ANDROMEDA
Sky Calendar – July 2020 .
B THE NIGHT SKY LOOKS I t
r
U
O a
l
N
t
u
W
L
D S
m
O
A
NE
18
h I i I E
n t
T EARLY JUL PM
T 10
r
N o S
1 with the Sun at 3h UT. Mercury S Mercury at inferior conjunction o
u
E
NW
C
N 3
s L
E
F
E
e
s N
C
19 LATE JUL PM
t 9
h
T
0
passes into the morning sky. a CASSIOPEIA
t M31
.
E
r (Add 1 Hour For Daylight Saving)
2
,
N s R
s
0
O
i
k η
(
r 2
Z SKY MAP DRAWN FOR
n
J
a I
/
20 l o
2 Moon near Antares (evening sky) at 20h UT. U
R
C
o w
S
O A LATITUDE OF 40°
P t
T
n
H
e
,
d
A
E NORTH AND IS
b n m
4 Earth at Aphelion (farthest from Sun) at 12h UT. The Sun- S
i 21
e
H
o
f
Y
i
T
C
n
M82 SUITABLE FOR
O
o
g f S
t
U
Earth distance is 1.016694 a.u. or about 152.1 million km. I
o
)
6 LATITUDES UP
A E 22
h
Polaris 0
h
M81
L
R t
g
,
CEPHEUS
C
0
a E TO 15° NORTH
u
R
R
0
P A
5 Penumbral Lunar Eclipse from 3:07 to 5:52 UT, with T
S o
H
T
D I
R l
O
NCP
N
0
E
H
T
C
” OR SOUTH
O S P
I
R
23
A
L
O
t
P
I
O
r
T “ R i
N
mid-eclipse at 4:30 UT. Best seen at mid-eclipse. Visible m
o
E OF THIS
G (
T
e
r
s δ β U
N
Great Square Great
of Pegasus of MINOR e
O
from the Americas, SW Europe and Africa. 24
O b
Sickle
p
URSA
r
W
E p
i
i
MAJOR g
Dipper
)
H
URSA
D
h
25
T
S
5 at 4:44 UT.
Full Moon γ t
Little
g μ
O
e
D i
r
B N
T
t
H 26 A
e h
5 Moon near Jupiter (midnight sky) at 23h UT. Mag. –2.7.
E
) h a
t
Thuban
n
H
C
T
O Dipper e
o
I
27
s M
M39
DRACO 6 Moon near Saturn (midnight sky) at 10h UT. Mag. 0.2. u
The Big The
& Alcor & N
U
r P
Mizar
E LEO
A
Z S
28
(
S
u PEGASUS
8 Venus at its brightest at 12h UT. Mag. –4.5. S n
D
Deneb
.
D
A
29
I E
M94
R
M51 H
11 Moon near Mars (morning sky) at 22h UT. Mag. –0.7. ν
E
R
30 C
CANES
E
61
T Etamin
VENATICI
V
I O
12 (40° from Sun, O Venus 0.95° N of Aldebaran 31
N
Y
Cor
Caroli
L
Summer Triangle Summer
T
morning sky) at 2h UT. Mags. –4.5 and 0.9. R T
H CYGNUS
C
A
M92 E
Mel 111 Mel
T
R
I EAST Vega
12 Moon at apogee (farthest from Earth) at 19h UT A
D
LYRA
P
ε
χ
P
Y Denebola
E (distance 404,199 km; angular size 29.6'). K
M3 A
S
β
Albireo M64
R
E
S M57
M15 WEST
H
12 Last Quarter Moon at 23:30 UT. DELPHINUS A T Enif M13 CORONA γ T L ε M87 F
h O M27 BOREALIS . O e y N
14 Jupiter at opposition (opposite the Sun) at 8h UT. g T G b Arcturus
o R
r HERCULES l T i A o g H Cr 399 Best time to observe the largest planet in the solar Gemma P h h E t t E
AQUARIUS y
B Vindemiatrix s H system. Mag. –2.8. m O t T
a M2 T BOÖTES k S T r s e I O
e 16 Moon near the Pleiades at 8h UT (morning sky). M V Altair r P e γ G A O g α f M F a o , 17 Moon, Venus and Aldebaran within a circle of E T A SERPENS o H H IC 4665 r l 6633 (CAPUT) T E t e a η diam. 4.1° (morning sky) at 2h UT. Mags. –4.5 and 0.9. VIRGO h F M i O r e A a AQUILA h P E R n 7009 SERPENS t C M5 E 19 Moon near Mercury (morning sky) at 5h UT. Mag. 0.9. I d L (CAUDA) s T S OPHIUCHUS t I N D P c E T e T M104 i H I p C n 20 New Moon at 17:32 UT. Start of lunation 1207. C e E e M12 E M11 d S b H A M10 Spica t T f I M o CAPRICORNUS . 20 Saturn at opposition (opposite the Sun) at 22h UT. The r . E m s S e E A l t M ringed planet is at its closest and brightest at mag. +0.1. S h M16 u I c T T e r e H S D H Saturn’s rings are spectacular even in a small telescope. E u CORVUS N m f A D Jupiter M17 o I m S R e Saturn n E E r o T 23 Moon near Regulus (evening sky) at 0h UT. C M25 β R Hyd i A T T M23 LIBRA t I r M21 a D O i ll a e N Symbols 25 Moon at perigee (closest to Earth) at 5:05 UT (distance N n M20 t I T g Nunki M22 s A H le n T . M8 Antares o R A c E Galaxy 368,361 km; angular size 32.4'). T e C Y SAGITTARIUS O th N U SE The M4 O Teapot s S Double Star 26 Moon near Spica (evening sky) at 19h UT. F M83 ie R A SW l A C d E E ea P Variable Star . SCORPIUS h P 27 First Quarter Moon at 12:33 UT. B M6 r A EG e T I ov I N y S Diffuse Nebula 30 (evening sky) at 3h UT. B M7 tl A Moon near Antares Y ec N U ir ZO SI D I Planetary Nebula N CORONA OR More sky events and links at http://Skymaps.com/skycalendar/ G AUSTRALIS H TH O- E -T Open Star Cluster S L 6124 N KY ow ZO All times in Universal Time (UT). (USA Eastern Daylight Time = UT – 4 hours.) M i 6231 RI Globular Star Cluster A n ). O P T the on H O so rpi OM FIN uth Sco FR SAVE ON RECOMMENDED PRODUCTS • http://Skymaps.com/store D ern he KY A B sk s (T T S RIG y lie rpiu IGH Star Magnitudes HT s the SOUTH Sco E N -1 0 1 2 3 4 • Star Atlases & Planispheres • Star Charts & Astro Posters STA brigh wn as TIR R PA t and e tion kno E EN TTER asy to recognize constella S TH Copyright © 2000–2020 Kym Thalassoudis. All Rights Reserved. • Books for Sky Watchers • Telescopes & Binoculars N IN SHOW THE SKY KY MAP All sales support the production and free distribution of The Evening Sky Map. . INSTRUCTIONS: THE S * TERMS OF USE: FREE FOR NON-COMMERCIAL EDUCATIONAL USE. ASTRONOMY EDUCATION GROUPS MAY FREELY DISTRIBUTE PRINTED HANDOUTS. FULL DETAILS AT http://Skymaps.com/terms.html About the Celestial Objects Easily Seen with the Naked Eye Listed on this page are several of the brighter, more interesting celestial objects Altair Aql Brightest star in Aquila. Name means "the flying eagle". Dist=16.7 ly. visible in the evening sky this month (refer to the monthly sky map). The objects are Arcturus Boo Orange, giant K star. Name means "bear watcher". Dist=36.7 ly. δ Cephei Cep Cepheid prototype. Mag varies between 3.5 & 4.4 over 5.366 days. Mag 6 companion. grouped into three categories. Those that can be easily seen with the naked eye (that Deneb Cyg Brightest star in Cygnus. One of the greatest known supergiants. Dist=1,400±200 ly. is, without optical aid), those easily seen with binoculars, and those requiring a JULY 2020 JULY α Herculis Her Semi-regular variable. Magnitude varies between 3.1 & 3.9 over 90 days. Mag 5.4 companion. telescope to be appreciated. Note, all of the objects (except single stars) will Vega Lyr The 5th brightest star in the sky. A blue-white star. Dist=25.0 ly. appear more impressive when viewed through a telescope or very large Antares Sco Red, supergiant star. Name means "rival of Mars". Dist=135.9 ly. binoculars. They are grouped in this way to highlight objects that can be seen using Polaris UMi The North Pole Star. A telescope reveals an unrelated mag 8 companion star. Dist=433 ly. Spica Vir Latin name means "ear of wheat" and shown held in Virgo's left hand. Dist=250 ly. the optical equipment that may be available to the star gazer. Easily Seen with Binoculars Tips for Observing the Night Sky η Aquilae Aql Bright Cepheid variable. Mag varies between 3.6 & 4.5 over 7.166 days. Dist=1,200 ly. When observing the night sky, and in particular deep-sky objects such as star clusters, NORTHERN HEMISPHERE M3 CVn Easy to find in binoculars. Might be glimpsed with the naked eye. nebulae, and galaxies, it’s always best to observe from a dark location. Avoid direct μ Cephei Cep Herschel's Garnet Star. One of the reddest stars. Mag 3.4 to 5.1 over 730 days. Mel 111 Com Coma Berenices. 80 mag 5-6 stars in 5 deg. Dist=283 ly. Age=400 million years. light from street lights and other sources. If possible observe from a dark location χ Cygni Cyg Long period pulsating red giant. Magnitude varies between 3.3 & 14.2 over 407 days. away from the light pollution that surrounds many of today’s large cities. M39 Cyg May be visible to the naked eye under good conditions. Dist=900 ly. You will see more stars after your eyes adapt to the darkness—usually about 10 to ν Draconis Dra Wide pair of white stars. One of the finest binocular pairs in the sky. Dist=100 ly. 20 minutes after you go outside. Also, if you need to use a torch to view the sky M13 Her Best globular in northern skies. Discovered by Halley in 1714. Dist=23,000 ly. map, cover the light bulb with red cellophane. This will preserve your dark vision. M92 Her Fainter and smaller than M13. Use a telescope to resolve its stars. ε Lyrae Lyr Famous Double Double. Binoculars show a double star. High power reveals each a double. Finally, even though the Moon is one of the most stunning objects to view R Lyrae Lyr Semi-regular variable. Magnitude varies between 3.9 & 5.0 over 46.0 days. through a telescope, its light is so bright that it brightens the sky and makes many of M12 Oph Close to the brighter M10. Dist=18,000 ly. the fainter objects very difficult to see. So try to observe the evening sky on M10 Oph 3 degrees from the fainter M12. Both may be glimpsed in binoculars. Dist=14,000 ly. moonless nights around either New Moon or Last Quarter. IC 4665 Oph Large, scattered open cluster. Visible with binoculars. 6633 Oph Scattered open cluster. Visible with binoculars. M15 Peg Only globular known to contain a planetary nebula (Mag 14, d=1"). Dist=30,000 ly. Astronomical Glossary M8 Sgr Lagoon Nebula. Bright nebula bisected by a dark lane. Dist=5,200 ly. Conjunction – An alignment of two celestial bodies such that they present the least M25 Sgr Bright cluster located about 6 deg N of "teapot's" lid. Dist=1,900 ly. M22 Sgr A spectacular globular star cluster. Telescope will show stars. Dist=10,000 ly. angular separation as viewed from Earth. M4 Sco A close globular. May just be visible without optical aid. Dist=7,000 ly. Constellation – A defined area of the sky containing a star pattern. M6 Sco Butterfly Cluster. 30+ stars in 7x binoculars. Dist=1,960 ly. M7 Sco Superb open cluster. Visible to the naked eye. Age=260 million years. Dist=780 ly. Diffuse Nebula – A cloud of gas illuminated by nearby stars. M5 Ser Fine globular star cluster. Telescope will reveal individual stars. Dist=25,000 ly. Double Star – Two stars that appear close to each other in the sky; either linked by Mizar & Alcor UMa Good eyesight or binoculars reveals 2 stars. Not a binary. Mizar has a mag 4 companion. gravity so that they orbit each other (binary star) or lying at different distances from Cr 399 Vul Coathanger asterism or "Brocchi's Cluster". Not a true star cluster. Dist=218 to 1,140 ly. Earth (optical double). Apparent separation of stars is given in seconds of arc ("). Telescopic Objects Ecliptic – The path of the Sun’s center on the celestial sphere as seen from Earth. ε Boötis Boo Red giant star (mag 2.5) with a blue-green mag 4.9 companion. Sep=2.8". Difficult to split. Elongation – The angular separation of two celestial bodies. For Mercury and Venus M94 CVn Compact nearly face-on spiral galaxy. Dist=15 million ly. the greatest elongation occurs when they are at their most angular distance from the M51 CVn Whirlpool Galaxy. First recognised to have spiral structure. Dist=25 million ly. Sun as viewed from Earth. M64 Com Black-Eye Galaxy. Discovered by J.E. Bode in 1775 - "a small, nebulous star". Albireo Cyg Beautiful double star. Contrasting colours of orange and blue-green. Sep=34.4". Galaxy – A mass of up to several billion stars held together by gravity. CELESTIAL OBJECTS 61 Cygni Cyg Attractive double star. Mags 5.2 & 6.1 orange dwarfs. Dist=11.4 ly. Sep=28.4". Globular Star Cluster – A ball-shaped group of several thousand old stars. γ Delphini Del Appear yellow & white. Mags 4.3 & 5.2. Dist=100 ly. Struve 2725 double in same field. β Lyrae Lyr Eclipsing binary. Mag varies between 3.3 & 4.3 over 12.940 days. Fainter mag 7.2 blue star. Light Year (ly) – The distance a beam of light travels at 300,000 km/sec in one year. M57 Lyr Ring Nebula. Magnificent object. Smoke-ring shape. Dist=4,100 ly. Magnitude – The brightness of a celestial object as it appears in the sky. M23 Sgr Elongated star cluster. Telescope required to show stars. Dist=2,100 ly. M20 Sgr Trifid Nebula. A telescope shows 3 dust lanes trisecting nebula. Dist=5,200 ly. Open Star Cluster – A group of tens or hundreds of relatively young stars. M21 Sgr A fine and impressive cluster. Dist=4,200 ly. Opposition – When a celestial body is opposite the Sun in the sky. M17 Sgr Omega Nebula. Contains the star cluster NGC 6618. Dist=4,900 ly. M11 Sct Wild Duck Cluster. Resembles a globular through binoculars. V-shaped. Dist=5,600 ly. Planetary Nebula – The remnants of a shell of gas blown off by a star. M16 Ser Eagle Nebula. Requires a telescope of large aperture. Dist=8,150 ly. Universal Time (UT) – A time system used by astronomers. Also known as Greenwich M81 UMa Beautiful spiral galaxy visible with binoculars. Easy to see in a telescope. Mean Time. USA Eastern Standard Time (for example, New York) is 5 hours behind UT. M82 UMa Close to M81 but much fainter and smaller. M87 Vir Supergiant galaxy with supermassive black hole at its core. Dist=53.5 million ly. Variable Star – A star that changes brightness over a period of time. M27 Vul Dumbbell Nebula. Large, twin-lobed shape. Most spectacular planetary. Dist=975 ly. The Evening Sky Map (ISSN 1839-7735) Copyright © 2000–2020 Kym Thalassoudis. All Rights Reserved.