NAAC SSR Cycle IV (2015-2020)

1.1. CURRICULUM DESIGN AND 1.1.1. CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT AND DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTATION

SYLLABUS

THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS), SIVAKASI – 626 123. (Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Re-accredited with A Grade by NAAC, College with Potential for Excellence by UGC and Mentor Institution under UGC PARAMARSH)

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS 2014 AND LATER

S.No. Programme Name Page No. 1. B.Sc. Chemistry 1

2. M.Sc. Chemistry 65

3. M.Phil. Chemistry 128

THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS) (Reaccredited with 'A' Grade by NAAC and College with Potential for Excellence by UGC) SIVAKASI-626 123.

Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai.

SyClali-

Programme Scheme, Scheme of Eamination and (With effect from June 2014) Syllabi

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISsTRY

UG PROGRAMMES

Curriculum Design & Development Cell

ARerno bule: G.valle Halak6kmi Cwmela CHAIRMAN OF cDDC ACADEMIC RRMCOE THE BOARD AFFAIRS

Page 1 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI – 626 123. (Reaccredited with A Grade by NAAC)

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B.Sc DEGREE PROGRAMME IN CHEMISTRY

Rules and Regulations, Programme Scheme and Scheme of Examination Governing the B.Sc Degree Programme In Chemistry (For those admitted in June 2014 and later). Programme Objectives: The objectives of the Programme are 1. To make the students to understand the fundamental theories which govern the various phenomena. 2. To prepare the students to take up higher studies and research in chemistry. 3. Sensitizing the students about environment and its protection. 4. To make the students understand the role of computers in problem solving in chemistry. 5. To make the students learn the application of chemistry in other fields of science like medicine and biology. 6. To impart a basic knowledge of chemistry to students of arts stream. 7. To impart some knowledge of application of chemistry in industries so that they can in future think of their own contribution in this area.

Eligibility Condition for Admission: Pass in +2 with Chemistry, Physics, Maths and Biology Chemistry, Physics, Maths and Computer science. Chemistry, Physics, Botany and Zoology.

Duration of the Programme: The duration of the Programme is three academic years. Each academic year consists of two semesters. The duration of a semester is 90 working days.

IV. Attendance:

Attendance for Regular Classes:

The Rules regarding the attendance for regular classes for the candidates to appear for the summative examinations are framed as given below a)Each student must put in a minimum attendance of 68 days (75% of 90 days per semester) so as to become eligible to appear for the summative examinations.

Shortage of attendance: a)Those students with attendance 68 days and less but 59 days and above (65%) can be permitted to appear for the summative examinations provided they submit the condonation certificate to the Principal stating proper reasons for the absence, within 5 days after the last working day of the concerned class. The

Page 2 of 146 Certificate may be obtained from the office on payment of penalty as per Madurai Kamaraj University. b)In case of attendance with 58 days and less but 45 days and (50%) above, the students cannot appear for the final examinations of that semester but can appear for the next examinations by obtaining special permission from the Principal producing necessary documents supporting the reasons for absence on payment of penalty as per Madurai Kamaraj University c)Students with attendance 44 days and less should have to repeat the whole semester

Attendance for Part V

A student of the first or second year undergraduate class should put in a minimum attendance of 75% for each semester (Total No. of hours as fixed by the concerned Officers / staff – in charge) in anyone of the Co-curricular activities namely N.C.C / N.S.S/ Physical education /Youth Red Cross to be eligible to get the degree. In case of shortage of attendance the student has to complete the required attendance before the completion of the UG Programme. If she fails to do so the student can appear for the summative examination but she is in eligible to get the degree.

V. Evaluation Procedure:

Evaluation of each Theory Course will be 25% Term Test and 75% External Examination. Evaluation of each Practical Course/ project will be 40% Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA) and 60% External Examination. A mark statement will be issued to every student at the end of every semester.

VI. Passing Minimum:

For a pass in each Course, a student should secure a minimum of 35% marks in the summative examination and a minimum of 40% marks in aggregate (i.e., internal and external marks put together). The same rule is applicable for Dissertation/Project report and Viva - Voce.

VII. Eligibility condition for getting the Degree:

A candidate undergoing the B.Sc., degree Programme in Chemistry will be eligible for the award of B.Sc., degree in Chemistry if she completes entire Programme and passes all the examination prescribed for the Programme.

VIII. Classification of Successful Candidates:

The Successful Candidates will be classified as per the details given in the Table below:

UG Chem. 2 Page 3 of 146

S.No CGPA GRADE Classification of Final Result 1. 9.500-10.000 O+ 2. 9.000-9.499 O 3. 8.500-8.999 D++ 4. 8.000-8.499 D+ 5. 7.500-7.999 D First Class 6. 7.000-7.499 A++ 7. 6.500-6.999 A+ 8. 6.000-6.499 A 9. 5.500-5.999 B+ 10. 5.000-5.499 B Second Class 11. 4.500-4.999 Third Class 12. 4.000-4.499 C 13. 0.000-3.999 U Re-appear

IX. Awards of Ranks:

Candidates who qualify themselves for the respective degree programme passing all the examinations in the first attempt and secured first class are eligible for ranking

For each major i Ci Gi CUMULATIVE GRADE POINT AVERAGE (CGPA) = i Ci

CGPA= Sum of the multiplication of grade points by the respective credits of the course cleared in the entire programme Sum of the credits of all the courses cleared in the programme

Ci - Credits earned for course i in any semester. Gi - Grade point obtained for course i in any semester. I - Summation of all courses cleared in a semesters.

X. Other Provisions:

1. Those who are absent for the exam should be marked AA on the Mark sheet. 2. If there is a charge of malpractice by a student she should be sent out from the Exam Hall and given chance only during the following Semester. 3. The Courses she has already appeared during that Semester will not be considered. 4. A student can appear for any number of arrear Courses, provided the Head of the Department permits her to do so.

UG Chem. 3 Page 4 of 146 5. Repeat examinations will be conducted for the final semester paper within a month after the publication of final semester result. 6. Revaluation is permitted.

XI. Transitory Provisions: Students from other institutions shall be considered if they have already written and passed all the Courses covered till the previous semester and if any of the Courses have not been cleared, they have to appear for those subjects along with the current semester subjects also.

UG Chem. 4 Page 5 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI UG Chemistry – Allotment of Hours and Credits (For those joined in June 2014 and later) Semester Total Courses I II III IV V VI No. of Credits Language Courses Part I – Tamil Language Course 6(3) 6(3) 6(3) 6(3) - - 12 Part II - English Language Course 6(3) 6(3) 6(3) 6(3) - - 12 Part III – Major and Allied Courses Course I 4(4) 5(5) 4(4) 5(5) 6(5) 6(5) Theory Course II 3(3) - 3(3) - 5(5) 5(5) Course III - - - - 5(5) 5(5) b) Major Lab I 3(*) 3(4) 3(*) 3(4) 6(5) - Practical Lab II - - - - 3(*) 3(3) Lab III - - - - - 6(5) c) Allied I & II Theory 4(4) 4(4) 4(4) 4(4) - - Lab 2(*) 2(2) 2(*) 2(2) - - Total 11 15 11 15 20 23 95 Part IV Non Major/Value Added Courses Peace Education 2(2) - - - - - Environmental Studies - 2(2) - - - - I. NME I - - 2(2) - - - II. NME II - - - 2(2) - 1. Computer literacy - 2(2) - - - - 2. Soft Skill enhancement - - - 2(2) - 3. Career Guidance and Subject - - - 2(2) - Viva 4. Women Studies - - - - 2(2) 5. Skill Based Courses : Self - - - - - 2(2) Employment / Job Oriented

Courses – Theory 6. Skill Based Courses : Self Employment / Job Oriented 2(2) - - - - - Courses – Practical / Field work / Project Library and Information Science - - - - 1(*) 1(*) Total No.of Credits 2 4 2 4 4 4 20 Part V – Extension Activities/Social Awareness/Physical Education NSS/NCC/Physical Education/Extension Activities/Youth 1(*) 1(1) - - - - 1 Red Cross/Social Service League/Red Ribbon Club Total Credits 140

UG Chem. 5 Page 6 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI Department of Chemistry (UG Programme) 2014-2017 Marks Allotted

l Course l a Sem a n Code Course Title n Week Week r r Credits Credits e al al e Teaching Teaching t t Hours Per Hours Duration of Duration Total Total x x Intern Exam. (Hrs.) (Hrs.) Exam. E E

Core Courses – Major I 14UCH11 Inorganic Chemistry - I 4 4 3 25 75 100 I 14UCH12 Physical Chemistry –I 3 3 3 25 75 100 II 14UCH21 Organic Chemistry-I 5 5 3 25 75 100 Semi micro Inorganic Qualitative I& II 14UCH2L 3+3 4 3 40 60 100 Analysis 14UCH31 Organic chemistry -II 3 3 3 25 75 100 III 14UCH32 Inorganic Chemistry-II 4 4 3 25 75 100 IV 14UCH41 Physical Chemistry –II 5 5 3 25 75 100 III & 14UCH4L Volumetric Estimation 3+3 4 3 40 60 100 IV 14UCH51 Organic and Pharmaceutical chemistry 6 5 3 25 75 100 V 14UCH5EA Elective I 5 5 3 25 75 100

14UCH5EB Elective II 5 5 3 25 75 100 V 14UCH5L1 Physical chemistry Practical 6 5 5 40 60 100 V & 14UCH6L1 Organic analysis and estimation 3+3 3 5 40 60 100 VI 14UCH61 Physical Chemistry – IV 6 5 3 25 75 100 Principle and Application of 5 VI 14UCH62 5 3 25 75 100 Analytical Techniques 14UCH6EC Elective III 5 5 3 25 75 100 Gravimetric estimations and Inorganic VI 14UCH6L2 6 5 5 40 60 100 preparations. Core Courses – Allied (I & II) For Physics Major Students Organic, Physical and Environmental I 14UCH1A 4 4 3 25 75 100 chemistry II 14UCH2A Applied Chemistry 4 4 3 25 75 100 I & 14UCH2AL Volumetric Estimation 2 2 3 40 60 100 II For Botany Major Students III 14UCH3A Fundamentals of chemistry 4 4 3 25 75 100 Pharmaceutical and Industrial IV 14UCH4A 4 4 3 25 75 100 Chemistry III & 14UCH4AL Volumetric estimation 2 2 3 40 60 100 IV Non Major Elective I III 14UCH3N Chemistry in Daily Life 2 2 3 25 75 100 Non Major Elective II IV 14UCH4N Industrial chemistry 2 2 3 25 75 100

UG Chem. 6 Page 7 of 146 Electives

V 14UCH5E1 Inorganic chemistry - III 5 5 3 25 75 100

Non conventional energy V 14UCH5E2 – 5 5 3 25 75 100 resources

V 14UCH5E3 Physical Chemistry - III 5 5 3 25 75 100

Computer Applications in V 14UCH5E4 5 5 3 25 75 100 Chemistry 100 VI 14UCH6E1 Chemistry of Natural Products 5 5 3 25 75

100 VI 14UCH6E2 Stereochemistry 5 5 3 25 75

Non Major Elective

III 14UCH3N Chemistry in Daily Life 2 2 3 25 75 100

IV 14UCH4N Industrial chemistry 2 2 3 25 75 100

UG Chem. 7 Page 8 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I MAJOR PAPER 14UCH11 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 04 Total number of hours per semester : 60 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students  to know about laboratory hygiene and safety  to know about the modern classification of elements  to understand the theory of chemical bonding  to understand the aspects of Radioactivity and Nuclear transformation

Unit I (12 hours) a) Laboratory Hygiene and Safety Introduction - storage and handling of chemicals - carcinogenic chemicals - toxic and poisonous chemicals - waste disposal-fume disposal - general precautions for avoiding accidents – first aid techniques - hazards in laboratory - poisoning - laboratory safety measures. b) Principle and Techniques of Semi-Micro Methods Introduction - laboratory methods in semimicro qualitative analysis - methods for precipitating sulphides - types of reactions involved in qualitative analysis - dry reactions, precipitation reactions- complexation reactions ,redox reactions .. spot tests - preparation of solution for cation testing on semi micro scale-removal of interfering ions in the analysis of cations : oxalate, tartarate, borate, fluoride, chromate, phosphate and arsenite.

Unit II (12 hours) a) Classification of Elements Introduction - grouping of elements into families - earlier attempts to classify elements – modern periodic law – periodic law and electronic configuration of elements – modern periodic table – superiority of long table over Mendeleeff’s table. b) Properties of Elements Introduction - - size of atoms and size of ions – the crystal radius –the van der Waals radius - covalent radius- ionic radius. Ionization energy - factors on which ionization energies depend – electron affinity - electronegativity – Pauling’s scale, Mulliken’s scale.

Unit III Radioactivity and Nuclear transformation ( 12 hours) Introduction-radioactive emanations-the disintegration theory-modes of decay-group displacement law-nuclear transformation and artificial radioactivity- neutron as a projectile-artificial transmutation of elements-classification of nuclear

UG Chem. 8 Page 9 of 146 reactions-nuclear fission-nuclear fusion-hydrogen bomb-the transuranium elements- hazards of radiation-applications of radioisotopes.

Unit IV (12 hours) Theory of Chemical Bonding – I a) Ionic bond: Introduction- characteristics of electrovalent compounds- variable electrovalence- inert pair effect. b) Covalent bond: Introduction- polarity of bonds - characteristics of covalent compounds – Fajan’s rule .. c) Coordinate bond: Introduction - characteristics of compound containing coordinate linkage. d)The Hydrogen bond-the van der Waals attraction.

Unit V (12 hours) Theory of Chemical Bonding – II Introduction- geometry of molecules and hybridization – hybridization in methane, ethylene, acetylene, PCl5, SF6, IF7.Resonance-the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory : postulates- shapes of molecules like water, ammonia, carbon dioxide,sulphur dioxide. Molecular orbital theory:relative order of energies of molecular orbitals- relationship between electronic configuration and molecular + behaviour - application to homonuclear diatomic molecules: H2, H2 , He2, B2, N2, O2, F2, Ne2.Comparative studies of VB and MO theories.

Text books : 1. R.Gopalan, P.S.subramanian, K.Rengarajan(2003), Elements Of Analytical Chemistry,Sultan Chand & Sons, III edition. Unit I: Page No.1-18, 82-94.

2. P.L.Soni( 2001), Inorganic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons, XX revised edition. Unit II: Chapter 4. Page No.81-103. Unit III: Chapter 6. Page No.142-144,146-148, Page No.158-160.162-170. Unit IV Chapter 7, Page No.177-197. Unit V:Chapter :8 Page No.212-218,.222-227,230-231,236-244.

Reference books : 1. J. D. Lee(2003), Concise Inorganic Chemistry, Blackwell Science Ltd., V edition. 2. Puri & Sharma(2008), Principles Of Inorganic Chemistry, Milestone publishers &Distributors, XXX edition.

UG Chem. 9 Page 10 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I 14UCH12– PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY -I (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 03 Total number of hours per semester : 45 No. of credits : 03

Objectives: To enable the students  To have a basic idea about mathematical concepts.  to understand the kinetic theory of ideal gases.  to study the electric and magnetic properties in depth  to know about the behavior of real gases  to study in detail about liquid state and liquid crystals

Unit I (9hours) Mathematical Concepts: Curve Sketching, linear graphs and slopes. Differentiation - derivative of a function, differentiation formulas – the chain rule– partial differentiation – Euler reciprocal relation – cyclic rule. Integration. Permutations and combinations. Probability. Other mathematical relations -vectors, matrices, determinants, complex numbers, the Sterling’s Approximation.

Unit II (9hours) Catalysis Introduction - characteristics, types – acid-base catalysis - kinetics, enzyme catalysis – mechanism and kinetics, effect of temperature on enzyme catalysis – Heterogeneous catalysis: surface reactions – kinetics of surface reactions- unimolecular, bimolecular – pH dependence of rate constants of catalyzed reactions – autocatalysis and oscillatory reactions.

Unit III (9hours) Kinetic theory of gases Kinetic molecular theory of gases. The Maxwell Distribution of molecular velocities (no derivation). Types of molecular velocities – the most probable velocity, average velocity, root mean square velocity and their derivations from Maxwell Distribution of molecular velocities. Gaseous state – Real gases Other equations of state –Dieterici equation, Berthelot equation, clausius equation, Redlich –Kwong equation, Virial equation of state. Intermolecular forces- nature of the van der Waal’s interactions – second Virial coefficient and molecular diameter.

UG Chem. 10 Page 11 of 146 Unit IV (9hours) Liquid state The vacancy theory of liquids –free volume in a liquid- vapour pressure, heat of vaporization – surface tension, surface energy, effect of temperature on surface tension.Surface active agents. Viscosity-effect of temperature on viscosity-the hole theory, effect of pressure, Reynold’s number. Refraction, refractive index, specific refraction, molar refraction, molar refraction of a solid.Optical activity-structure of liquids. Unit V (9hours) Liquid Crystal Mesomorphic state – vapour pressure–temperature diagram – thermography. Classification of thermotropic liquid crystals – smectic liquid crystals, nematic liquid crystals, compounds exhibiting both smectic and nematic characters, cholesteric liquid crystals, disc shaped liquid crystals and polymer liquid crystals.

Text Book: 1. B.R.Puri & L.R.Sharma and S.Pathania, (2013) Principles of Physical Chemistry , Vishal Publishing Company, New Delhi, 46th edition.

Unit I Chapter: 0 - A, Page Number: 1 - 17 Unit II Chapter: 30, Page No: 1147-1162. Unit III Chapter: 9, Page Number: 450, 454-455, 456-458. Chapter: 10, Page Number: 484-488 Unit IV Chapter: 11, Page Number: 499-515. Unit V Chapter: 12, Page Number: 516-522.

Reference Books: 1. D.A.Bajpai, (1998),Advanced Physical Chemistry, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi, III edition. 2. S.Glasstone, (2000), Thermodynamics for Chemists, Van Nostrand, IV edition.

UG Chem. 11 Page 12 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER II MAJOR PAPER 14UCH21 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 05 Total number of hours per semester : 75 No. of credits : 05 Objectives: To enable the students  to know about the fundamental concepts of organic chemistry.  to understand the various types of reaction intermediates.  to know about the chemistry of aliphatic alcohols and ethers.  to know about the halogen derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Unit I (15 hours) Introduction to Organic Chemistry a) Classification of organic compounds - IUPAC system of nomenclature- naming complex compounds- writing IUPAC names for compounds containing more than one functional group - writing the structural formula from the given IUPAC name. b) Cleavage and formation of bonds-homolytic and heterolytic cleavage. c) Types of organic reactions- substitution reactions, elimination reactions, addition reactions and rearrangements, polymerization reactions. d) Reactive intermediates- Carbocation -stability of Carbocation - formation of free radicals-stability of free radicals- free radical mechanism- formation and stability of carbanions and carbenes Unit II (15 hours) a) Determination of molecular weights- molecular mass of volatile compounds, molecular mass of non-volatile compounds-Cryoscopic method, Ebullioscopic method and Silver salt method-Volumetic method for molecular mass of acids and bases. b) Alkanes- Nomenclature of the alkanes-structural isomerism in alkanes- general methods of preparation of alkanes- Wurtz synthesis, Corey-House synthesis, Kolbe’s electrolytic reaction, Sabatier and Senderen’s reaction- physical properties of the alkanes -chemical properties of the alkanes. Unit III (15 hours) a) Alkenes: Nomenclature- general methods of preparation-Saytzeff’s rule, Hofmann elimination- physical properties- spectroscopic properties-chemical properties-electrophilic addition- Markownikoff’s rule- oxidation - substitution reactions- isomerisation - polymerization. b) Alkadienes: Molecular orbital picture of dienes – preparation of conjugated dienes -properties of 1,3-diene-addition reactions-effect of temperature – free radical addition reactions of conjugated dienes –Diels-Alder reaction-relative stability of dienes.

UG Chem. 12 Page 13 of 146 c) Alkynes: preparation of alkynes-manufacture of acetylene –physical properties -chemical properties of alkynes-electrophilic addition reactions, nucleophilic addition reactions, formation of acetylides, substitution with halogens, polymerization, oxidation and isomerisation. Ascent and descent series and typical conversion.

Unit IV (15 hours) Halogen derivatives of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons a) Alkyl Halides: Nomenclature-isomerism- general methods of preparation- general properties of the alkyl halides- spectroscopic properties, physical properties, chemical properties- (Mechanism only) mechanism of substitution – SN1 and SN2-mechanism of elimination – E1 and E2. b) Dihalogen derivatives: Nomenclature- general methods of preparation- general properties and reactions. c) Trihalogen derivatives: Chloroform-preparation, properties of chloroform- Reimer-Tiemann reaction. Analytical tests for chloroform. Iodoform- preparation, properties and uses. d) Unsaturated halogen compounds: Vinyl chloride- preparation, properties and cause for low reactivity of vinyl chloride. Allyl halides: Allyl chloride, allyl iodide- preparation, properties and uses. Westron, Westrosol and Freon- preparation and properties.

Unit V (15 hours) Aliphatic Nitrogen Compounds a) Amines: Nomenclature-structure of amines and optical activity- general methods of preparation-Hofmann degradation, Mendius reaction, Gabriel phthalimide synthesis and Curtius rearrangement. Separation of mixture of amines- general physical properties of amines-spectroscopic analysis of amines-chemical properties-Liebermann’s nitroso reaction, carbylamine reaction, Hofmann mustard oil reaction. Separation of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. Quaternary ammonium salts –phase transfer catalyst- ascent and descent of series b) Alkyl cyanides: Nomenclature - preparation - physical properties-spectral characteristics-chemical properties-Stephen reaction. Alkyl isocyanides- isonitriles-nomenclature, preparation, properties. Distinguishing tests of ethyl cyanide and ethyl isocyanide.

Text Book : 1.P.L Soni & H.M Chawla (2007),Organic Chemistry , Sultan Chand & Sons, XXIX edition. Unit I: Chapter-8: Page No. 1.94-1.112, Chapter-9:1.114-1.122, Chapter-10: Page No. 1.131- 1.133, 1.137- 1.160. Unit II: Chapter 5 Page No.1.40-1.44 Part II, Part II Chapter 1, Page No :2.1-2.24. UnitIII: Part II Chapter-1: Page No. 2.26-2.53, Chapter-2: Page No. 2.62-2.71, Chapter- 3:2.80-2.97. Unit IV: Chapter-5: Page No. 2.112-2.129, 2.138-2.146, and 2.147-2.150. Unit V : Chapter 15: Page No. 2.369-2.390,Chapter 16: Page No. 2.394-2.399. Reference Books : 1) B.S.Bahl & Arun Bahl(2001), Advanced Organic Chemistry , S.Chand & Co. 2) I .L . Finar-Vol-I(2000), Organic Chemistry, Longman scientific and technical,VI edition.

UG Chem. 13 Page 14 of 146

THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I & II MAJOR PAPER 14UCH2L – SEMI MICRO INORGANIC QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 03 Total number of hours per semester : 45 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students  To acquire skill in semi micro inorganic qualitative analysis.

Analysis of a mixture containing two cations and two anions of which one is an interfering ion – Semi micro methods

Anions: Carbonate, Chloride, Bromide, Nitrate, Sulphate, Borate, Fluoride, Oxalate, Chromate, Phosphate.

Cations: Bismuth, Copper, Cadmium, Iron, Aluminium, Zinc, Magnesium, Cobalt, Nickel, Barium, Strontium, Calcium, Magnesium, Ammonium.

Reference Book :

1. Dr. V. V. Ramanujam, (1974), Inorganic semi micro qualitative analysis, The National Publishing Company, III edition, reprinted 2004. 2. Vogel’s, (2001) Text book of Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, Addition Wesley Longman, VII edition.

No of Sessions – 30

S.No. Nature of work Number of sessions 1 Demonstration Acid Radicals 3 Basic Radicals 3 2 Analysis of Acid Radicals 4 3 Analysis of Basic Radicals 4 4 Analysis of Salt Mixture 13 5 Revision 2 6 Model 1 30 Total

UG Chem. 14 Page 15 of 146

THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III MAJOR PAPER 14UCH31 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 03 Total number of hours per semester : 45 No. of credits : 03 Objectives: To enable the students  to know about the mechanism of aromatic substitution  to know about the chemistry of aromatic hydrocarbons and nitro compounds  to know about the chemistry of phenol and aromatic alcohols  to understand the reactions of polynuclear hydrocarbons.

Unit I (9 hours) Introduction to aromatic compounds and aromatic substitution a. Aromatic compounds Reasons for separate classification of aromatic compounds- Nomenclature – isomerism in benzene derivatives- Homologous series named after the hydrocarbons of aryl groups- Homologous series named after the name of acids – Orientation:Korner’s absolute method, The relative method, Dipolemoment measurement method –substitution in the benzene ring- Directive influence of groups- Introduction of a third group into the benzene ring- Seperation of isomers. b. Aromatic Substitution Mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution - halogenation, nitration, sulphonation and Friedal Crafts reactions. Aromatic nucleophilic substitution- Unimolecular substitution and bimolecular substitution & Benzyne mechanism.

Unit II (9 hours) Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Halogen Compounds a. Benzene- preparation- properties –uses- Aromaticity-Valence bond theory- Molecular orbital theory-Huckel’s rule-Antiaromatic and nonaromatic compounds- Toluene-preparation, properties and uses. Xylene- preparation and properties. Mesitylene- preparation and properties. b. Aromatic halogen compounds: General methods of preparation- Nuclear derivatives-direct halogenation, Sandmeyer’s reaction, Gattermann reaction, Balz- Schiemann reaction, Hundsdiecker reaction - general physical and chemical properties –reactions of the halogen atom-nucleophilic aromatic substitution, reduction, Wurtz-Fittig reaction, Ullmann synthesis,reactions of benzene nucleus- low reactivity of aryl halides. c.Side chain derivatives-preparation-General physical and chemical properties of side chain derivatives-comparative study of nuclear and side chain derivatives.

UG Chem. 15 Page 16 of 146 Unit III (9 hours) Aromatic nitro compounds and amino compounds a. Aromatic nitro compounds: nitrobenzene - Preparation, properties and uses. m-dinitro benzene- o- and p- dinitrobenzene – s- trinitrobenzene- nitrotoluene- preparation –properties and uses – TNT b. Aromatic amino compounds: Aniline - preparation, properties - basic nature, reactions- acylation, alkylation, carbylamine reaction, action with grignard reagent- diazotisation – action with carbonyl chloride- condensation with aldehydes- action with carbon disulphide – oxidation- action with hypohalous acids- reaction of benzene nucleus nitration and sulphonation - uses.

Unit IV (9 hours) Phenols and Aromatic Alcohols a)Phenols: Preparation,physical properties,chemical properties-alkylation, acetylation, Fries rearrangement, Elbs persulphate oxidation. Effects of substituents on acidity of phenol-reduction with zinc dust, nitration, sulphonation, Liebermann’s nitroso reaction, Kolbe’s reaction, Salol, Reimer-Tiemann reaction, condensation reactions, Lederer-Manasse reaction-uses. b)Dihydric phenols: Catechol, resorcinol and quinol- preparation and properties and uses. c)Trihydricphenols: Pyrogallol, hydroxyquinol, phloroglucinol preparation , properties and uses. d) Aromatic alcohols: Benzyl alcohol – preparation, properties and uses.

Unit V (9 hours) Polynuclear Hydrocarbons and their Derivatives: a. Naphthalene: Preparation – properties, uses and structure of naphthalene. Derivatives of naphthalene – preparation, properties and uses of naphthylamine, naphthols and naphthaquinones. b. Anthracene: Preparation, properties, uses and structure - anthraquinone, alizarin & phenanthrene: Preparation, properties, uses and structure.

Text book : 1.P.L Soni & HM Chawla(2007),Organic Chemistry ,Sultan Chand & Sons,XXIX edition. Unit I: Part III Chapter 1 Page No. 3.1- 3.16, 3.17-3.20; Chapter 2 Page No. 3.44 - 3.47, 3.49- 3.55 Unit II : Part III Chapter 3 Page No.3.56- 3.65 , Chapter 4 Page No 3.78- 3.96 Unit III: Part III Chapter 6 Page No. 3.126- 3.135. Chapter 7 Page No.3.143 -3.155 Unit IV: Part III Chapter 9: Page No: 3.216-3.235,3.240-3.249. Unit V: Part III Chapter 12: Page No: 3.327-3.350,3.354-3.372. Reference Books : 1. Robert Thornton Morrison & Robert Neilson Boyd(1995),Organic Chemistry, Prentice Hall of India, VI edition. . 2. K.S Tewari and N.K.Vishnoi(2010),A Text Book Of Organic Chemistry, Vikas publishing house Pvt Ltd, III edition 3. I L.Finar-Vol-I(2000), Organic Chemistry ,Longman scientific and technical, VI edition.

UG Chem. 16 Page 17 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III-MAJOR PAPER 14UCH32 - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 04 Total number of hours per semester : 60 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students  to understand the chemistry of d-block elements  to understand the theory of acids and bases  to apply the theoretical knowledge about volumetric analysis  to give an exposure to the metallic carbonyls

Unit I (12hours) Chemistry of d-block Elements General characteristics - electronic configuration of I, II and III transition series - metallic character, molar volumes and densities, atomic and ionic radii, m.pts and b.pts, ionisation energies, reactivity, oxidation states, standard electrode potentials, colour, magnetic properties, catalytic properties, complexing tendency, reducing tendency, non-stoichiometry and abundance - analytical aspects of d-block elements.

Unit II (12 hours) Acids and bases Modern concepts of acids and bases – Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry, concepts of acids and bases – acidity of a base, basicity of an acid - levelling effect and levelling solvents. Lux-Flood concept –Lewis concept - molecular structure and relative acidity or basicity for HY and HOY molecules – Usanovich concepts – hard and soft acids and bases - Pearsons concept. Non – aqueous Solvents Classification – liquid ammonia – alkali metals in liquid ammonia – cavity model – chemical reactions in liquid ammonia - acid base neutralization, solvolysis reactions, amphoteric behaviour and precipitation reactions.

Unit III (12 hours) Principles of volumetric analysis Introduction – definitions: titration, back titration, end point, equivalence point, indicator, standard solution. Standardization – characteristics of standardization – requirements of the primary standard – concentration units – molarity - equivalent weight - relationship between quantities of reacting substances - types of titrations – neutralization - oxidation-reduction - complex formation - precipitation titrations - indicators for acid-base titrations – precipitation titrations – redox titrations – redox indicators – self indicators – external indicators – complexometric titrations – metallochromic indicators.

UG Chem. 17 Page 18 of 146 Unit IV (12hours)

Metallic Carbonyls Introduction - general methods of preparation – general properties – structure and nature of M-CO bonding in carbonyls: mononuclear carbonyls, dinuclear carbonyls, trinuclear carbonyls. Effective Atomic Number (EAN) rule as applied to metallic carbonyls: mononuclear carbonyls having the metallic atom with even atomic number, mononuclear carbonyls having the metallic atom with odd atomic number, polynuclear carbonyls - Preparation, properties, uses and structure of nickel tetra carbonyl, iron penta carbonyl - chromium hexa carbonyl, dimanganese deca carbonyl, dicobalt octa carbonyl.

Unit V (12 hours) Chemistry of the Metals Rare elements of Group IVA- Titanium- occurrence-extraction-metallurgy- properties-uses. Titanium compounds –oxides of titanium-uses. Preparation, properties, technical applications and analytical chemistry of the following metals. i) Titanium ii) Zirconium iii) Vanadium iv) Molybdenum v) Tungsten

Text Book: 1)P.L.Soni(2007), Inorganic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons, XX edition. Unit I : Chapter 1- Page No.3.1-3.19, Chapter 13-Page No..3.370-3.381. Unit II: Chapter11- Page No.321-349. 2) R.Gopalan, P.S.Subramanian, K.Rengarajan(2010), Elements of Analytical Chemistry, Unit III: Chapter 8 page 98-113, 116-119. 3) Wahid U. Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan, Selected topic in Inorganic Chemistry, Unit IV: Chapter 19 page 567-591. 4) O.H. Mathur and D.P Tandon(1986),Chemistry Of Rare Elements, S.Chand & Co., IV Edition. Unit V:Page No.62-82,102-116,124-139141-148.

Reference Book: 1) R.D. Madan(1994), Modern Inorganic Chemistry, S. Chand & Co., Ltd., New Delhi. 2) Satya Prakash(2006),Advanced Chemistry Of Rare Elements, S.Chand & Co., IV Edition.

UG Chem. 18 Page 19 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER IV MAJOR PAPER 14UCH41 –PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY-II (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 05 Total number of hours per semester: 75 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students.  to gain basic knowledge about quantum chemistry.  to get basic and application oriented knowledge of phase rule.  to be familiar with fundamentals of electrochemistry.  to have basic idea of solid state chemistry.  To gain basic knowledge in colligative properties

Unit I (15 hours) Quantum Mechanics Dual nature of electron – de Broglie’s equation - experimental verification – Davisson-Germer experiment. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle - Compton effect. Introduction to quantum mechanics – postulates – Schrodinger wave equation – derivation. Operators in quantum mechanics, commutation of operators – particle in a 1- D box – Zeeman effect, Pauli’s exclusion principle – Aufbau principle – Hund’s rule.

Unit II (15 hours) Phase rule and distribution Definition of terms – one component system (H2O), two component system – simple eutectic (Pb –Ag), compound with congruent melting point(FeCl3- H2O), compound with incongruent melting point and two component system in which solid and gas phases exit in equilibrium (CuSO4.5H2O).Nernst distribution law – derivation, deviations and applications.

Unit III (15 hours) Solutions of Non-electrolytes a) Solutions of liquids in liquids - concentration units – Rauolt’s law – total vapour pressures of ideal solutions – total vapour pressure in terms of mole fractions of the components in vapour phase – activity of a component in an ideal solution – chemical potentials of ideal and non-ideal solutions – temperature dependence of vapour pressure of a solution. Thermodynamics of ideal solutions – Gibbs free energy change, volume change and enthalpy change, entropy change of mixing for an ideal solution. Vapour pressures of real solutions – vapour pressure-composition and boiling point-composition curves of completely miscible binary solutions – fractional distillation of binary liquid solutions – the Lever rule and fractional distillation

UG Chem. 19 Page 20 of 146 b) Solubility of partially miscible liquids – phenol-water system, aniline – hexane system, triethylamine-water system, nicotine-water system. c) Solutions of gases in liquids – factors influencing the solubility of a gas – Henry’s law and Rauolts law.

Unit IV (15 hours) Solid State Chemistry Introduction – crystalline solids, amorphous solids – difference between crystalline and amorphous solids – size and shape of crystals – interfacial angles. Symmetry in crystal systems –space lattice and unit cell – Bravais lattice – Miller indices - types of crystals structures of metallic crystals – structures of ionic crystals – crystals of the type AX – structure of ZnS, CsCl – crystals of the type AX2 – structure of CaF2, TiO2,SiO2. Lattice energy of an ionic crystal – calculation of lattice energies of ionic crystals.

Unit V (15 hours) Colligative properties of dilute solutions Colligative properties -vapour pressure lowering, Osmosis and Osmotic pressure-derivation of expression for calculating Osmotic pressure, determination of molar mass from Osmotic pressure measurement, relation between Osmotic pressure and vapour pressure lowering of ideal solution. Boiling point elevation-determination of molar mass from boiling point elevation. Freezing point depression-determination of molar mass from freezing point depression - Degree of dissociation.

Text Book : 1. Puri, Sharma and Pathania, (2012-13), Principles of physical chemistry,Vishal publishing company. New Delhi , XXXXVI edition. Unit I Chapter: 1: Page Number: 33-52, 84-87. Unit II Chapter: 18: Page No.: 661-665,667-671,679-683,685-690, Chapter: 19: Page No : 697-705. 2. Puri, 3.Sharma and Pathania, (201-11), Principles of physical chemistry,Vishal publishing company. New Delhi , XXXXIV edition Chapter: 17: Page No : 634- 635. .Unit III Chapter: 21 Page No.: 750-757, 759-768,770-777. Unit IV Chapter: 31 Page No.: 1165-1176,1188-1192. Unit V Chapter: 22 Page No.: 778-785,788-799.

Reference Books: 1. D.N. Bajpai, (1998), Advanced Physical Chemistry, S.Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi, III edition. 2.A.K.Chandra, (1988), Introduction to Quantum Chemistry, McGraw Hill publishing company, New Delhi, IV edition.

UG Chem. 20 Page 21 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY- SEMESTER III & IV MAJOR PRACTICAL PAPER 14UCH4L - VOLUMETRIC ESTIMATION (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 03 Total number of hours per semester : 45 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students  to apply theoretical knowledge to laboratory work.  to develop skill in volumetric analysis.

Volumetric Estimation: A double titration involving the making up of the solution to be estimated and the preparation of a primary standard.

List of Experiments: a) Acidimetry and alkalimetry 1.Estimation of NaOH / KOH (Std.AR.Sodium Carbonate) 2. Estimation of H2SO4 (Std.AR.Oxalic acid) 3. Estimation of HCl (Std.AR.Oxalic acid) 4. Estimation of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in a mixture (Winkle’s Warder’s method) b) Redox titrations: i) Permanganometry 5. Estimation of ferrous ion 6. Estimation of calcium (direct method) 7. Estimation of oxalic acid. ii) Dichrometry 8. Estimation of potassium dichromate – internal indicator. 9. Estimation of ferrous ion– internal indicator. 10. Estimation of ferric ion by reduction with stannous chloride – external indicator. iii) Iodometry 11. Estimation of potassium permanganate. 12. Estimation of copper. c) Complexometry : 13.Estimation of copper using EDTA. 14.Estimation of zinc using EDTA. 15.Estimation of Magnesium using EDTA. 16. Estimation of Aluminium using EDTA

d) 17.Hardness of water 18. Estimation of Borate

UG Chem. 21 Page 22 of 146

Textbook: 1. Bassett et-al , (2006)Vogel’s textbook of quantitative inorganic analysis, ELBS., Longman ,IV edtition. 2. Furniss et-al, (2007) Vogel’s textbook of practical organic chemistry, ELBS, Longman, V edition.

No of sessions – 30

Number S.No Nature of Work Of Sessions 1 Demonstration 2 2 Regular practical class 22 3 Revision Exam 2 4 Model Exam 2 5 Review of the revision and model exam 2

UG Chem. 22 Page 23 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER V MAJOR PAPER 14UCH51 - ORGANIC AND PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students  to study the chemistry of organic compounds – aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and ketones.  to understand the chemistry of carboxylic acids, substituted acids and its derivatives .  to study the chemistry of alicyclic compounds.  to know about the biological importance of carbohydrates.  to know the importance of pharmaceutical chemistry.

Unit I (18 hours) a)Aliphatic Aldehydes and ketones Nomenclature and structure of carbonyl group - general methods of preparation- physical properties - acidity of - hydrogen- chemical reactions-nucleophilic addition reactions- condensation reactions- Aldol condensation- Enolisation- Haloform reaction- Alkylation- Polymerisation- Acetal formation- Addition of Ammonia and caustic soda- Tischenko reaction – Schiff’s test- Cannizaro reaction - oxidation of aldehydes- reduction by MPV, Clemmensen, Wolf-Kishner, LiAlH4 and NaBH4 b)Unsaturated aldehydes and ketones - acrolein, crotonaldehyde, methyl - vinyl ketone, mesityl oxide, Phorone c)Hydroxyaldehydes and ketones – glycolaldehyde, dialdehydes and diketones – glyoxal and acetyl acetone. Unit II (18 hours ) Aromatic Aldehydes and ketones a)Aromatic aldehydes: general methods of formation - Stephen’s method, Etard reaction- Sommelet’s method, Gattermann-koch reaction, Grignard reaction, Gatterman aldehyde synthesis, Reimer-Tiemann reaction, Vilsmeier formylation reaction- general properties – chemical reactions- Claisen, Perkin, Benzoin, Knoevenagal, Reformatsky reaction. Cinnamaldehyde-Salicyladehyde- Anisaldehyde- Protocatechualdehyde b)Aromatic ketones: acetophenone-benzophenone- methods of formation- Hoesch synthesis- physical properties- chemical reactions- quinones-p-benzoquinone, o-benzoquinone-methods of formation-properties.

UG Chem. 23 Page 24 of 146 Unit III (18 hours) Carboxylic acid and derivatives a)Aromatic mono carboxylic acids – Nomenclature - structure and bonding - acidity of carboxylic acids - effects of substituents on acid strength - Benzoic acid and Phenyl acetic acid - methods of formation and reactions. b)Dicarboxylic acids - action of heat on dicarboxylic acids- phthalic acid- phthalic anhydride and phthalimide – preparation, properties and uses. c)Unsaturated mono carboxylic acids: acrylic acid, crotonic acid and cinnamic acid - preparations and reactions. d)Substituted acids: halo acids – HVZ reaction – hydroxy acids – glycolic acid, lactic, malic, citric and tartaric acids - preparation and properties – action of heat on -, - and - hydroxy acids, mandelic acid and salicylic acid.

Unit IV (18 hours) Chemotherapy and application of a few drugs (Elementary study) a) Introduction- the nature and sources of drugs . b) Sulpha drugs - mode of action of sulphadrugs-Sulphadiazine, prontosil and prontosil-s. c) Antimalarials – quinones, plasmoquin. d) Arsenical drugs – Salvarsan-606, Neosalvarsan. e) Antibiotics – definition – Pencillins, Tetracyclins (Aureomycein and Teramycin) Streptomycin and Chloromycetin – structure – uses (structural elucidation not necessary). f) Harmones and Vitamins: definitions and classification – Testosterone, Progestrone, Tyrosine, Vitamin C – structure only (structural elucidation not necessary). Unit V (18 hours) Analgesics, Antipyretics and Anaesthetics a) Narcotic analgesics – Morphine and derivatives – synthetic analgesics Pethidines and Methadones – Antipyretic analgesics – Salicylic acid derivatives- Indomethacin – p- aminophenol derivatives. b) Anaesthetics : General anaesthetics – volatile general anaesthetics – non- volatile general anaesthetics - vinyl ether – halohydrocarbons – chloroform – halothane – cyclopropane – trichloroethylene- Intravenous anaesthetics – Thiopentone- Sodium propanidid- Local anaesthtics- Cocaine and its derivatives.

Textbook : 1) P. L.Soni, (2007), Textbook of organic chemistry , Sultan Chand & sons, XXIX edition. Unit-I Part II-Chapter X-- Page No 2.224-2.270. Unit-II Part III-Chapter X- Page No.3.258-3.284. Unit-III Part III-Chapter XI- Page No.3.291-3.296, Part III-Chapter IX- Page No.3.314- 3.322, Part III-Chapter XI- Page No.3.311-3.314, Part III-Chapter X- Page No.3.304-3.308.Chapter XX-Page No. 2.462-2.472

UG Chem. 24 Page 25 of 146 Unit IV Part IV- Chapter VII- Page No.4.186-4.197, 4.157-4.161,4.166-4.167.

2) G.R.Chatwal,(1991) Pharmaceutical chemistry –volume II-,GOEL publishers ltd., II edition Unit IV Chapter VI:Page no.105-121. Unit V Chapter XX- Page No.208- 219. 3) Jayashree ghosh (2003) Textbook of pharmaceutical chemistry, Chapter 16 and 17, Page No.169-190, Sultan Chand and company limited, NewDelhi,

UG Chem. 25 Page 26 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER V MAJOR PAPER 14UCH5E1- INORGANIC CHEMISTRY – III (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 05 Total number of hours per semester : 75 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students

 to know about coordination compounds.  to acquire an insight into the chemistry of boranes and silicates  to have an idea about bioinorganic chemistry  to understand the chemistry of zero group elements

UNIT - I (15 hours) Coordination Chemistry I Introduction – double salts – coordination or complex compounds – complex ions and complex compounds – representation of coordination compounds – Werner theory - detection of complexes: conductometric methods, typical chemical reactions, changes in pH values, solubility measurements, polarographic studies, X- ray method. Physical properties: nomenclature of complex compounds – isomerism in inorganic complexes – ionization isomerism – hydrate isomerism – linkage isomerism – coordination isomerism – coordination position isomerism – polymerization isomerism – geometric isomerism – optical isomerism - bonding and stability of complexes – Sidgwick theory .

UNIT - II (15 hours) Coordination Chemistry II a) Valence bond theory: Introduction – postulates – geometry of complexes based on VB theory – limitations. b) Crystal field theory: Introduction – postulates – filling up of electrons in the orbitals – crystal field theory applied to octahedral, tetrahedral and square planar complexes. c) Coordination complexes of chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, platinum.

UNIT – III (15 hours) a) Electron deficient compounds Intoduction - hydrides of Boron - general methods of preparation of boranes – general properties of boranes. Diborane: preparation, properties, uses, structure and bonding. Structure and bonding in higher boranes: tetraborane – pentaborane – 9, pentaborane-11, hexaborane-10, decaborane-14..

UG Chem. 26 Page 27 of 146 b) Silicones and silicates Introduction – preparation, properties and uses of silicones. Silicates: classification of silicates: orthosilicates, pyrosilicates, chain silicates, cyclic silicates, sheet silicates and three dimensional silicates. Feldspar – zeolites – ultramarines.

UNIT IV (15 hours) Bioinorganic chemistry Carbonic anhydrase – peroxidases - catalases - cytochromes - P-450- role of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions in biological systems - role of sodium and potassium ions, Na+-K + pump - role of Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ions. Biological functions and toxicity of the following elements - chromium, manganese, copper, selenium, mercury, lead, iron, zinc, arsenic and radioactive elements. Biological fixation of nitrogen - toxic effects of carbon monoxide.

UNIT V (15 hours) Elements of Group Zero Introduction – position in the periodic table – history of discovery of the noble gases – occurrence – isolation of noble gases – separation of noble gases – general properties of noble gases – theoretical importance of noble gases – compounds of xenon: XeF2, XeF4, XeF6, XeO2, XeOF4. Compounds of krypton – valence bond approach to XeF2, XeF4 – clathrates.

Text book: P.L.Soni, textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons, 20th revised edition.

Reference Books: UNIT - I P.L.Soni, textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons, 20th edition. Chapter 2 page 3.22 – 3.44. UNIT - II P.L.Soni, textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons, 20th revised edition. Chapter 2 page 3.45 – 3.70. UNIT – III a) Wahid U. Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan, Selected topic in Inorganic Chemistry, Chapter 18 page 551 -566. b) P.L.Soni, textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons, 20th edition. Chapter 25 page 2.335 – 2.343. UINT - IV B.R.Puri, L.R.Sharma, K.C.Kalia, (2010-11), Principles of Inorganic Chemistry, Milestone publishers and distributors, XXX I edition. Chapter 37 Page 1062 – 1072. Chapter 38 Page 1075 – 1076. UNIT – V P.L.Soni, textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons, 20th revised edition. Chapter 40 page 2.718 – 2.741.

UG Chem. 27 Page 28 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER V 14UCH5E2 –NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY RESOURCES (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 05 Total number of hours per semester : 75 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students,  to know about renewable energy resources  to have an idea about the technology of harnessing renewable energy  to understand the theory and principles of solar devices used for utilization of solar energy  to have an insight into the applications of renewable energy resources  To inspire about energy scenario in India

UNIT I (15 hours) Fundamentals of Energy Science and Technology Introduction –energy sectors- oil crisis of 1973- classification of energy resources- consumption trend of primary energy resources-importance of non conventional energy sources- energy chain -common forms of energy -advantages and disadvantages of conventional energy sources- salient features of non conventional energy sources –environmental aspects of energy –energy densities of various fuels- world energy status- energy scenario in India.

UNIT II (15 hours) a)SolarEnergy Solar Energy: Introduction, the Sun, Extra terrestrial and terrestrial radiation. b)Solar Thermal System: Introduction- solar collector: flat plate collector, modified flat plate collector, fixed mirror solar concentrator-solar water heater- solar passive space heating and cooling systems, solar industrial heating systems-solar cooker: box type solar cooker, community solar cooker and advanced solar cooker- solar desalination.

UNIT III (15 hours) Solar photo voltaic systems Introduction, advantages and disadvantages of solar PV systems -solar cell fundamentals- semi conductors, p-n junction, generation of electron- hole pair by photon absorption, photo conduction-solar cell classification on the basis of type of active material- solar PV panel- solar PV array-solar PV systems - solar PV applications.

UG Chem. 28 Page 29 of 146 UNIT IV (15 hours) Wind energy and Biomass Energy a)Wind energy: Introduction- wind turbine setting- major applications of wind power. Wind turbine types and their construction- horizontal axis wind turbine- vertical wind turbine.Wind energy programme in India. b)Biomass Energy: Introduction-advantages and disadvantages-biofuels- biomass resources- biomass conversion technologies- urban waste to energy conversion- biogas production from waste biomass. Classification of biogas plants – floating drum and fixed type biogas plants.

UNIT V (15 hours) Geothermal and Ocean energy a)Geothermal energy : Introduction-applications-types of geothermal resource- hydrothermal resources-vapour dominated system-geopressured resources-magma resources- geothermal energy in India. b)Ocean energy: Introduction - tidal energy- origin and nature of tidal energy -limitation of tidal energy- tidal energy technology- ocean tidal energy conversion schemes.

Text Books: B. H . Khan,(2006) Non Conventional Energy Resources, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing company Ltd,. I edition. Unit I – Chapters 1.to Chapters 1.14. Unit II- Chapters 4.2, 4.5 5.1, 5.2, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.25.5, 5.2.9, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.7, 5.10 Unit III- Chapters 6.1, 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.2.3, 6.2.4, 6.4.3, 6.5.1, 6.5.3, 6.5.4, 6.9, 6.10 Unit IV- Chapters – 7.1, 7.4, 7.5, 7.8.1, 7.8.2, 7.13. 8.1, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.9, 8.9.1, 8.9.4, 8.9.5, Unit V- Chapters – 9.1, 9.2, 9.4.1, 9.4.2, 9.4.4, 9.7, 10.1, 10.2, 10.2.1, 10.2.2, 10.2.3,

REFERENCES: 1. M.P.Agarwal (1983) ,Solar Energy, S.Chand & Company Ltd, I edition . 2. G.D.Rai, (2003), Non–Conventional Energy Sources, Khanna publishers,IV edition.

UG Chem. 29 Page 30 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. SC. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER V 14UCH5E3– PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY- III (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 05 Total number of hours per semester : 75 No. of credits : 05 Objectives: To enable the students  to acquire basic knowledge in thermodynamics  to get basic ideas about polymer chemistry  to understand the symmetry of molecules.  to know about the fundamentals of nanochemistry.

Unit I Thermodynamics I (15hours) Terminology of thermodynamics. First law of thermodynamics – mathematical formulation – statement, internal energy, energy changes in relation to work and heat changes. State functions, exact and inexact differentials. Heat capacity of a system – relation between Cp and Cv. Expansion of ideal gas – changes in thermodynamic properties: Isothermal expansion – work done in reversible isothermal expansion. Adiabatic expansion - final temperatures in reversible and irreversible adiabatic expansions. Zeroth law of thermodynamics. Limitations of first law of thermodynamics and need for second law of thermodynamics. Spontaneous and irreversible processes, cyclic processes. Carnot cycle, efficiency of a heat engine, Carnot’s theorem. The concept of entropy – entropy changes in isothermal expansion of an ideal gas, entropy changes in reversible and irreversible processes, entropy change accompanying phase change. Calculation of entropy change of an ideal gas with change in P, V and T. Physical significance of entropy.

Unit II Thermodynamics II (15hours) Work function and free energy function – variation of Gibb’s free energy with temperature and pressure – Maxwell’s relations. Criteria for reversible and irreversible process in terms of Gibb’s free energy change – Gibb’s Helmholtz equation. Thermodynamics of open systems – partial molar properties, partial molar free energy: concept of chemical potential, the Gibbs Duhem equation, variation of chemical potential with temperature, variation of chemical potential with pressure, chemical potential in a system of ideal gases. Clapeyron – Clausius equation, integrated form of Clapeyron –Clausius equation for liquid ↔ vapour equilibria and solid ↔ liquid equilibria. The Nernst heat theorem – third law of thermodynamics, determination of absolute entropies of solids, liquids and gases, entropy changes in chemical reactions, derivation of Boltzmann entropy equation, residual entropy.

UG Chem. 30 Page 31 of 146 Unit III (15hours) Group Theory Symmetry elements and symmetry operations – proper axis of rotation, plane of symmetry, improper axis of rotation, centre of symmetry, the identity element. Group postulates. Types of groups – abelian and non-abelian groups, cyclic groups. Order of a group, sub group, multiplication tableC2v, C3v and C2h, similarity transformation and conjugate elements, class. Transformation matrices. Point groups – reducible and irreducible representation – Great orthogonality theorem (statement only). Unit IV (15 hours) Polymers Introduction - classification of polymers - polymerization reactions - molar masses of polymer -determination of molar masses of macromolecules - viscometry, Osmometry. Molar masses of charged macromolecules-Donnan membrane equilibrium, ultracentrifugation, sedimentation-velocity method, sedimentation- equilibrium method - light scattering. Stokes-Einstein equation, Einstein- Smoluchowski(no derivation). Kinetics of polymerization - kinetics of addition and condensation polymerization, molar mass distribution in step growth polymerization.

Unit – V (15hours) Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Introduction-synthesis (one method) and applications of the following nanosystems: fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, self assembled monolayers, quantum dots, metal nanoparticles. Nanosensors-Introduction-nanosensors based on optical properties and quantum size effects. Nanobiosensors. Nanotechnology in diagnostic applications.

Text Book: 1. B.R.Puri & L.R.Sharma and S.Pathania, (2008) Principles of Physical chemistry – Vishal Publishing Company, New Delhi, 43rd edition.

Unit I Chapter: 13, Page Number: 525-549. Chapter: 15, Page Number: 571-584. Unit II Chapter: 15, Page Number: 584-601 Chapter: 16, Page Number: 609-619 Unit III Chapter: 4, Page Number: 247-253 Unit IV Chapter: 34, Page Number: 1273-1294, 1301-1306

2. T.Pradeep, (2011), Nano: The Essentials, Tata Mc Graw Hill Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, Sixth Reprint. Unit V Chapter: 3 Page No.: 94-95. Chapter: 4 Page No.:117-119, 123-124. Chapter: 5 Page No.: 144-153

UG Chem. 31 Page 32 of 146 Chapter: 7 Page No.: 182-187, 195-197 Chapter: 8 Page No.: 200-204, 206-208 Chapter: 12 Page No.: 283-284, 289-291, 296-298. Chapter: 13 Page No.: 307-310

Reference Books:

1. F.A.Albert Cotton, (1990), Chemical Applications of group theory – Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, , III edition.. 2. D.A.Bajpai, (1998), Advanced Physical Chemistry – S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi, III edition. 3. S.Glasstone, (2000) Thermodynamics for Chemists, Van Nostrand, IV edition.

UG Chem. 32 Page 33 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER V ELECTIVE PAPER 14UCH5E4 – COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN CHEMISTRY (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 05 Total number of hours per semester : 75 No. Of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students  to understand the fundamental concepts of C language.  to apply them to solve the chemistry problems.  to gain a thorough knowledge about Chem Draw.  to apply them to draw chemical structures. Unit I (15 hours) Programming in Ansi C a) Introduction Importance of C, Basic Structure of C Programmes, Programming Style, Executing a ‘C’ Program. b)Constants, Variables, and Data Types Introduction, character set, c tokens, keywords and identifiers , constants , variables , data types , declaration of variables, declaration of storage class, assigning values to variables, defining symbolic constant, declaring a variable as constant, declaring a variable as volatile.

Unit II (15 hours) a) Operators and Expressions Introduction, arithmetic operators, relational operators, logical operators, assignment operators , increment and decrement operators, conditional operators, bitwise operators, special operators , arithmetic expressions, evaluation of expressions , precedence of arithmetic operators, some computational problems, type conversions in expressions, operator precedence and associativity, mathematical functions. b) Managing Input and Output Operations Introduction, reading a character, writing a character , formatted input , formatted output

Unit III (15 hours) Decision making a)Decision Making and Branching Introduction, decision making with if statement, simple if statement, the if….else statement, nesting of if ….else statements, the else if Ladder, The switch statement, the ?: operator, the Goto statement.

UG Chem. 33 Page 34 of 146 b) Decision Making and Looping Introduction, the While statement, the do statement, the For statement, jumps in loops.

Unit IV (15 hours) C Programming in Chemistry: To write C programmes for the following: a) To classify a given nuclei as Bosons or Fermions. b) To calculate the ionic strength of the electrolyte. c) To find whether a molecule can have dipole moment or not on the basis of symmetry using OR operator. d) To calculate NMR frequency. e) To calculate RMS velocity. f) To calculate d-spacing in a cubic crystal. g) To calculate energy for the different values of vibrational levels and rotational levels for a vibrating rotor. h) To decide whether a tri atomic linear molecule is Centro symmetric or not. i) To calculate mean activity coefficient of an electrolyte. j) To calculate De-Broglie wavelength.

Unit V (15 hours) ChemDraw Introduction: ChemDraw Basics-Starting ChemDraw-Working with documents- creating a document, opening document, switching between open documents, saving a document, saving a document with a different name or location, saving a document in a different file format, discarding recent changes to a document, viewing the location of a document (macintosh only). Drawing chemical structures- automatic drawing structure from a chemical name, Drawing bonds-single bonds, drawing with fixed lengths, drawing with fixed angles, drawing unconstrained bonds, toggling fixed length and fixed angle, message area, dative bonds and wedged bonds, adding bonds by dragging , multiple bonds, double bonds, triple bonds. Ring tools, drawing a ring, drawing a ring by clicking, drawing cyclohexane chair rings , drawing resonance delocalized rings, drawing cyclopentadiene and benzene rings, Drawing acyclic chains, drawing settings for bonds. Calculation of total energy, energy of minimization, MM2.

Textbooks :

1. E. Balagurusamy, (1992), Programming in ANSI C, Tata Mcgraw hill publishing company limited, New Delhi, , III edition. Unit I Chapter 1 (Page no. 2, 12-14) Chapter 2 (Page no. 22-45) Unit II Chapter 3 (Page no. 51-60) Chapter 4 (Page no. 80-94) Unit III Chapter 5 (Page no. 110-132)

UG Chem. 34 Page 35 of 146 Chapter 6 (Page no. 145-159)

2. K.V. Raman, (1993), Computers in chemistry, Tata Mcgraw hill publishing company limited, New Delhi, II Reprint. Unit IV & Unit V Internet Resources.

UG Chem. 35 Page 36 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER V MAJOR PAPER 14UCH5L1- PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. Of credits : 05 Objectives: To enable the students 1) to develop skills in physical chemistry practical. 2) to get training in the usage of conductivity bridge & potentiometer. List of experiments: 1) Determination of molecular weight by transition temperature method using sodium thiosulphate pentahydrate. 2) Determination of molecular weight by Cryoscopic method – Rast ‘ s method (Naphthalene) Partition coefficient experiments: 3 ) Partition coefficient of I2 between CCI4 and H2O.  4) Study of the equilibrium: KI + I2  KI3 5) Determination of unknown concentration of Potassium iodide. 6) Determination of association factor of benzoic acid in benzene 7) Critical solution temperature - Study of CST of phenol - water system & Estimation of NaCl 8) Phase diagram –Naphthalene and biphenyl. 9) Phase diagram –Naphthalene and Para dichlorobenzene. 10) Phase diagram involving compound formation -Naphthalene &m- dinitrobenzene. 11) Phase diagram involving compound formation -m-dinitrobenzene & Acenaphthene 12) Thermochemistry - heat of solution of ammonium oxalate 13) Thermochemistry - heat of solution of Potassium dichromate 14) Thermochemistry - heat of solution of Potassium nitrate. 15) Viscosity: Determination of the composition of an unknown mixture 16) Kinetic studies: Relative strengths of acids by hydrolysis of an ester. Electro chemistry 17) Conductometric titrations between a strong acid and a strong base. 18) Conductometric titrations between a weak acid and a strong base. 19) Conductometric titrations between mixture of acids and a strong base. Potentiometric titrations: 20). Potassium permanganate vs Ferrous ammonium sulphate.

NO OF SESSIONS –15 (One Semester) SNO NATURE OF WORK NO OF SESSIONS 1 Demonstration 1 2 Regular practical class 12 3 Revision 1 4 Model Exam 1 Total 15 Text Book: A.O.Thomas and Mani, (1976), Text book of Practical Chemistry , Scientific Publications, IVth Revised Edition.

UG Chem. 36 Page 37 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER V & VI MAJOR PRACTICALS 14UCH 6L1 – ORGANIC ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATION (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 3+3 Total number of hours per semester : 45/45 No. of credits : 03

Objectives: To enable the students 1. to carry out the analysis of given organic compounds. 2. to estimate the amount of given organic compound .

Analysis of organic compounds containing the following functional groups: Acids, esters, phenols, amines, nitro compounds, anilides, aldehydes, ketones, carbohydrates, urea, thiourea and aromatic amides.

Organic Estimation: 1. Estimation of aniline 2. Estimation of phenol. 3. Estimation of glucose by Bertrand’s method. 4. Estimation of glucose by Lane and Eynone method.

Organic Preparation: Two stage preparations of a) m-nitrobenzoic acid from methyl benzoate b) p-bromoaniline from acetanilide.

No. of sessions: 30

No NATURE OF THE No. OF SESSIONS WORK ALLOTTED 1. Demostration 2 2. Regular practical class 24 3. Revision exam 2 4. Model exam 2 Total no. of sessions 30

Reference Books:

1. Mani and Thomas, (1976), Practical chemistry, scientific publication, cannanore, IV edition. 2. A.I.Vogel, (1986), Text book of practical organic chemistry, ELBS, IV edition.

UG Chem. 37 Page 38 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER VI MAJOR PAPER 14UCH61 - PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY - IV (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. Of credits : 05 Objectives: To enable the students  to undertake an in depth study of electrical conductance and ionic equilibrium.  to undertake an application oriented study of electrochemical cells.  to study in detail the theory of the molecular spectroscopic principles.  to gain a thorough knowledge of kinetics of chemical reactions. Unit I (18 hours) Electrochemistry – I a)Electrolytic conduction – specific - equivalent conductance , relation between specific and equivalent conductance, molar conductance, cell constant – Hittorf’s theoretical device, transport number - Determination (Hittorf’s method and the moving boundary method). Applications of conductance measurements – determination of degree of dissociation of weak electrolytes, determination of ionic product of water, determination of solubilities and solubility products of sparingly soluble salts, conductometric titrations. b)Ostwald’s dilution law - Situation in case of strong electrolytes - derivation of Debye Hückel theory of strong electrolytes, Debye-Huckel Onsager equation (no derivation), The Debye-Falkenhagen effect, The Wien effect. Activity coefficients of electrolytes – mean ionic activity coefficient – ionic strength – Debye-Huckel theory of mean ionic activity coefficients. Unit II (18 hours) Electrochemistry – II a) Concentration cells – electrode concentration cells and electrolyte concentration cells - types of electrolyte concentration cells – concentration cells without transference, concentration cells with transference – liquid junction potential. Fuel cells – Hydrogen-Oxygen fuel cell, Hydrocarbon-Oxygen fuel cell, Applications of EMF measurements –determination of activity coefficients of electrolytes, determination of transport numbers, determination of valency of ions in doubtful cases, determination of the solubility products, determination of pH by using hydrogen electrode, quinhydrone electrode and glass electrode, potentiometric titrations(acid – base titrations, redox titrations, precipitation titrations), oxidation – reduction indicators, oxidation – reduction indicators in volumetric analysis. b) Irreversible electrode processes – overvoltage, applications of overvoltage – electrodeposition of metals in aqueous solutions, corrosion of metals, inhibition of corrosion. Polarography – concentration polarization, polarographic cell assembly, advantages of using DME- applications of polarography – estimation of inorganic

UG Chem. 38 Page 39 of 146 and organic substances, analysis of mixtures, determination of diffusion coefficients, determination of the stability constant of a metal-ion complex.

Unit III (18 hours) Molecular Spectroscopy: a) Introduction: Basic features of a spectrometer – natural line widths – width and intensity of spectral lines – molecular spectra. b) Microwave spectroscopy – rotational spectra of diatomic molecules. C) Infra Red Spectroscopy: vibrational spectra of diatomic molecules and Polyatomic molecules. d)d Raman Spectroscopy: Raman scattering – quantum and classical theories, rotational Raman spectrum of diatomic molecule - experimental Raman spectroscopy. e)NMR Spectroscopy – NMR of bare nucleus – Larmor precession – experimental technique - chemical shift – shielding and deshielding of proton – spin- spin interaction, chemical shift - equivalent and magnetically equivalent nuclei.

Unit IV (18 hours) Chemical Kinetics: Experimental methods of studying kinetics of reactions - rate equation - rate constant - order of a reaction -integration of rate expression for first order, second order, third order and zero order reactions. Half life time of a reaction – t1/2 for first order, second order and nth order reactions. Methods of determining the order of a reaction– the use of integral rate expressions, the Half life method and isolation method. Molecularity of a reaction – order and molecularity of simple and complex reactions – mechanisms of complex reactions - Effect of temperature on reaction rates – effect of catalyst –Arrhenius equation.

Unit V (18 hours) Photochemistry: Introduction – Consequences of light absorption: The Jablonski diagram – laws of photochemistry – quantum yield- experimental determination of quantum yield – photochemical reactions – photochemical rate law. Kinetics of photochemical reactions - photosensitization and quenching– chemiluminescence.

Textbook: Puri, Sharma and Pathania, (2012), Principles Of Physical Chemistry, Vishal publishing company, New Delhi, XXXXVI edition. Unit I Chapter: 23, Page Number: 800-802, 805-810, 818- 833 Unit II Chapter: 24, Page Number: 853-880 Chapter: 25, Page Number: 917 – 923, 926-929 Unit III Chapter: 6, Page Number: 302-309, 315-317, 320-323, 326-331 Chapter:7, Page Number:353 - 365 Unit IV Chapter: 28, Page Number: 1033-1058. Unit V Chapter: 29, Page Number: 1112-1134.

UG Chem. 39 Page 40 of 146

Reference books: 1. S.Glasstone, (2005), Introduction to Electrochemistry, Van Nostrand Co. Inc., NewYork, East-West student edition. 2. Banwell & Mc Cash, (26th reprint 1995), Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, Tata Mac Graw Hill, IV edition. 3. William Kemp, (2008), Organic Spectroscopy, Palgrave publishers Ltd., III edition.

UG Chem. 40 Page 41 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER VI 14UCH62 –PRINCIPLE AND APPLICATION OF ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 05 Total number of hours per semester : 75 No. Of credits : 05 Objectives: To enable the students  to learn about the theory of analytical chemistry  to learn about the causes and minimization of experimental errors  to know about the principle and applications of various thermal and spectro analytical techniques  to know the principle and applications of various chromatographic techniques  to have an idea about the principle of colorimetric and gravimetric analysis Unit I Theory of Analytical Chemistry (15 hours) a)Introduction to analytical chemistry and instrumental methods Introduction –chemical analysis—instrumental methods-sample methods- sampling statistics-dangers during sampling-knowledge on safety . b) Techniques of analysis Introduction –analytical techniques-factors affecting the choice of analytical methods. c) Evaluation of analytical data i) Analytical chemistry – Introduction - significant figures and computation . ii)Errors- Definition of error- absolute error - relative error-types of error- determinate and indeterminate errors-precision – average deviation from the mean- standard deviation-accuracy-difference between precision and accuracy-problems for calculating absolute error. iii) Statistical treatment of analytical data- Confidence limit- rejection of a result. Tests of significance: the F test –the T test. iv) Presentation of tabulated data- Scatter diagrams-method of least squares .

Unit II ( 15 hours) Thermoanalytical methods Thermal analysis – General discussion-methods of thermal analysis. a)Thermogravimetry Introduction- principle -TG curve of copper sulphate penta hydrate- factors affecting TG results- instrumentation for TG – thermobalance- applications of thermogravimetry : determination of purity, study of polymers, drying temperature of

UG Chem. 41 Page 42 of 146 precipitates, thermogravimetric analysis of calcium oxalate monohydrate, determination of composition of alloys and mixtures, study of polymers. b)Differential Thermal Analysis Principle- instrumentation- applications: study of polymers-differential thermogram of calcium oxalate mono hydrate. c) Differential scanning calorimetry: Principle- instrumentation- application: study of isothermal crystallization of polymers, determination of purity of pharmaceuticals. d)Thermometric titrations Introduction - theory- instrumentation -applications.

Unit III (15hours) Flame emission, Atomic absorption &Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy Introduction- principle of FES, AAS and AFS - elementary theory- instrumentation-flames-the nebulizer burner system-non-flame techniques-resonance line sources-monochromators-detectors- physical and chemical interferences- flame photometers-atomic absorption spectrophotometers-atomic absorption experiments: Determination of Vanadium in lubricating oil, determination of trace elements in contaminated soil. Flame emission experiments: Determination of alkali metals by flame photometry.

Unit IV (15hours) Chromatographic techniques: Introduction – types of chromatography. a) Thin layer chromatography: Introduction - superiority of TLC over other chromatographic techniques – experimental techniques - applications of TLC for identifying organic compounds- applications of TLC for separation of inorganic ions-limitations. b) Gas chromatography- Introduction - principle- instrumentation-applications in qualitative and quantitative analysis. c)Ion-exchange chromatography Introduction- definition –principle-cation and anion exchangers- regeneration-ion-exchange column used in chromatographic separations-ion-exchange techniques-applications: Separation of similar ion from one another, removal of interfering radical, softening of hard water, complete demineralization of water, separation of lanthanides and actinides.

Unit V (15 hours) a)Gravimetric analysis: Introduction-methods of obtaining the precipitate-conditions for precipitation – choice of precipitants-types of organic precipitants-specific and selective precipitants-sequestering agents-theories of precipitation-co-precipitation- post- precipitation - precipitation from homogeneous solution – washing of precipitate- drying of precipitate . b) Colorimetric analysis: Introduction -principle-Beer-Lambert law-methods of colour measurement or comparison: standard series method, Duboscq colorimeter, photoelectric colorimeter. Colorimetric estimation of Iron, Nickel and Chromium.

UG Chem. 42 Page 43 of 146 Text Book Unit I: 1. H.Kaur, (2003.) Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, Pragathi Prakashan, II edition , Page No. 3-13. 2.B.R.Puri ,L.R. Sharma and K.C.Kalia (2006-2007) Principles of Inorganic Chemistry, Milestone publishers and distributors, XXX edition,.Chapter 39 – page No. 1073-1091 . 3.. R.Gopalan,P.S.Subramanian,K.Rengarajan, (2003) Elements of Analytical Chemistry – III Edition, Sultan Chand &Sons. page .No32-33.

Unit II: 1. J.Basset, R.C. Denny, H. Jaffery, J. Mendhan (1978)Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis ,ELBS edition – IV Edition. Chapter XXIII- page No.849-857. 2. P.C.Jain, (2007) Engineering Chemistry, Dhanpat Raj Publishing company (P) Ltd., XV edition. Chapter 32 – Page No. 1111-1122 3. H.Kaur, (2003.) Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, Pragathi Prakashan, II edition , Page No. 756-760

Unit III: G.H.Jeffery, J.Bassett, J.Mendham, R.C.Denny,(1978),Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, ELBS edition, IV Edition, Chapter-21,page no- 779-794,797-800,808,810-813. . Unit IV: G.R.Chatwal and M.Arora(1995), Analytical Chromatography, Himalaya Publishing House, I Edition , Chapter 1 – Page No. 1-4 Chapter 3 – Page No. 29-43, 46 Chapter 11 – Page No. 100-116

Chapter 12 - Page No. 122-133

Unit V: .R.Gopalan, P.S.Subramanian, K.Rengarajan,(2003), Elements of Analytical Chemistry ,Sultan Chand &Sons., III Edition. Chapter 9 -page .no 121-132& Chapter 16- page .no 212-219.

References: 1. Douglas A. Skoog, Donald M. West , F. James Holler,(2004) Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry , Thomson Brookes/cole, VIII Edition. 2. B.K.Sharma, (1995-1996),Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis,Goel publishing house, XV edition .

UG Chem. 43 Page 44 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SEMESTER VI ELECTIVE PAPER 14UCH6E1 – CHEMISTRY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS (For those admitted in June 2014and later)

Contact hours per week : 05 Total number of hours per semester : 75 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students  to know about the functions of amino acids and proteins  to understand the structure, functions and metabolism of nucleic acids  to know about the structure and biological importance of carbohydrates  to know about the chemistry and importance of alkaloids and terpenoids

Unit I (15 hours) Amino acids and Proteins a)Amino acids- classification of amino acids, general methods of preparation, properties, distinctive properties of α-, β- and γ-amino acids, Glycine- preparation, properties, uses. b)Proteins- Peptides- polypeptides, biological importance of peptides- preparation of peptides- classification of proteins according to composition- classification of proteins according to functions- general and physical charateristics of proteins-properties of proteins- structure of proteins- primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure-biological importance of proteins. Unit II (15 hours) Nucleic acids: Nucleic acids – nucleosides, nucleotides- biological importance - nucleotides as energy carriers –properties- structure of nucleic acids-principal types of nucleic acids- DNA-primary, secondary and tertiary structure- replication of DNA - functions of DNA- RNA- types of RNA, structure- functions – Metabolism of nucleic acids – Pentoses- Purines and Pyrimidine bases- biosynthesis of nucleic acids

Unit III (15 hours) Carbohydrates: a) Monosaccharides – detailed study of glucose, fructose, structure - configuration – mutarotation, epimerization, interconversion of glucose and fructose – descent and ascent of the sugar series, estimation of glucose. b) Disaccharides – structure, properties of sucrose, maltose. c) Polysaccharides – structure of starch, cellulose, application of cellulose derivatives.

UG Chem. 44 Page 45 of 146 Unit IV (15 hours) Alkaloids: Introduction-occurrence-classification-extraction-general properties of alkaloids-general methods of determination of chemical constitution of alkaloids- functional nature of oxygen- functional nature of nitrogen- some individual members- occurrence, extraction, properties- Constitution of Coniine- Piperine-Nicotine- Quinine.

Unit V (15 hours) Terpenoids: Introduction- isoprene rule- classification –Isolation- general properties of terpenoids. a) Acyclic monoterpenoids- occurrence, extraction, properties and constitution of Myrcene, Geraniol and Citral b) Monocyclic Monoterpenoids- nomenclature – occurrence - extraction- properties - constitution of Menthol and Limonene. c) Bicyclic Monoterpenoids- introduction – extraction - properties of α-pinene -camphor.(structure only).

Textbook : 1. P.L.Soni,(2007),Textbook of Organic chemistry, Sultan Chand and Sons. XXIX edition. Unit I Part II –Chapter 19, 2.452-2.459, Part IV Chapter II -4.64-4.90. Unit II Part IV- Chapter 6, 4.169-4.185. Unit III Part IV- Chapter 1, 4.1-4.51 Unit IV. Part IV- Chapter 4, 4.111-4.129. Unit V Part IV- Chapter 5, 4.131-4.149 Reference books :

1. Bahl & Arun Bahl, (2004), Advanced Organic chemistry, Sultan Chand & sons. 2. I.L.Finar,(1996), Organic chemistry, (Vol II), ELBS, V edition,. 3. Gurdeep R Chatwal, (2001),Chemistry of Natural products, Vol II, Himalaya Publishing House, III edition. 4. Gurdeep R Chatwal, (2001),Chemistry of Natural products, Vol II, Himalaya Publishing House, III edition.

UG Chem. 45 Page 46 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SEMESTER VI ELECTIVE PAPER 14UCH6E2 – STEREOCHEMISTRY (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 05 Total number of hours per semester : 75 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students  to know about the racemization, resolutions & stereo chemical reactions  to understand the stereochemistry of various substitution , elimination and addition reactions.  to predict the conformer of acyclic and cyclic compounds

Unit I (15 hours) Racemisation, Resolution and Stereochemical reactions Racemisation-Introduction, formation of racemic mixture-resolution of racemic mixture through mechanical separation-crystallization method - formation of diastereomers, the formation of molecular complexes and biochemical methods of resolution- Epimerization- epimers and anomers- Stereoselective and stereospecific reactions-Enatiomeric excess-Concept of prostereoisomerism.

Unit II (15 hours) Stereochemistry of Substitution reactions Introduction-bimolecular substitution reactions (SN2)- mechanism - stereochemistry of SN2 reactions - effect of the structure of the substrate, - effect of the nucleophile, effect of solvent, effect of leaving group, substitution with retention of configuration (SN1) -unimolecular substitution – SN1 reactions - effect of structure of the carbon framework on SN1 reactions-Hammond Pastulate-ion pairs in SN1 mechanism - role of solvent - effect of leaving group and nucleophile on SN1 reactivity- SNi mechanism-Neighbouring group participation

Unit III (15 hours)

Stereochemistry of Elimination reactions Introduction-classification of elimination reactions-α and β-eliminations with examples,E1, E2 mechanisms-(syn and anti eliminations) & E1CB mechanism. stereochemistry of E2 – anti elimination reactions- stereo chemical requirement- dehalogenation – dehydrohalogenation-orientation of the double bond, E2-syn elimination - pyrolytic eliminations, elimination of acetate, xanthate and amine oxide.

Unit IV (15hours) Stereochemistry of addition reactions Addition reactions of alkenes involving electrophiles- stereochemistry of anti-addition –hydration of alkenes with anti-markovnikov orientation.

UG Chem. 46 Page 47 of 146 stereochemistry of syn addition-addition reactions of alkynes involving electrophiles- hydroboration & oxidation- addition of nucleophiles to carbon –carbon double bonds - epoxidation and hydroxylation of alkenes. Unit V (15 hours) Conformations of acyclic and cyclic compounds a)Restricted rotation about single bonds-conformations of ethane, glycol and 1,2-dichloroethane-conformations of butane-conformational energy-conformational isomer. b)Cycloalkanes-angle and Pitzer strain-Baeyer’s strain theory-conformation of cyclo hexane-chair, twist boat, half chair and boat forms -energy diagram-equatorial and axial bonds in cyclohexane. Conformation and stability of monomethyl cyclohexane. .

Textbook

1.P.S.Kalsi,(2006), Stereochemistry, Conformation and Mechanism, Wiley Eastern Ltd, VI edition, Unit I. Chapter I, Page No- 106-121, 127-135, Chapter II, , Page No -182- 183. Unit II . Chapter III, Page No-. 238-268,274-275,279-293. Unit III . Chapter V, Page No-372-409. Unit IV Chapter VI, Page No- 411- 421,428-443,455-459,465-474. Unit V ChapterIV, Page No- 304-311,317,321-332.

Reference books 1.E.L.Eliel, Reprinted(2008) Stereo chemistry of Carbon Compounds, McGraw Hill Edition 1975. 2.V.M.Potapov,(1979) Stereochemistry, MIR publishers, Russian Edition, Moscow. 3.D.Nasipuri,(1994), Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, Principles and Application, Wiley Eastern Ltd., II Edition...

UG Chem. 47 Page 48 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER VI MAJOR PRACTICALS 14UCH6L2 - GRAVIMETRIC ESTIMATIONS & INORGANIC PREPARATIONS (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05 Objectives:

To enable the students to develop skill in  gravimetric analysis  inorganic complex preparations.  separation and estimation of mixtures by volumetric and gravimetric methods.

I Gravimetric analysis:

1. Estimation of lead as lead chromate. 2. Estimation of barium as barium chromate. 3. Estimation of Nickel as DMG complex. 4. Estimation of calcium as calcium oxalate monohydrate.

II Inorganic Complex Preparations:

Any Ten Inorganic Complex Preparations

III Separation and estimation of mixtures by volumetric and gravimetric methods:

(Demonstration only) 1. Estimation of Copper in a mixture of Copper and Zinc volumetrically. 2. Estimation of Zinc in a mixture of Copper and Zinc gravimetrically. 3. Estimation of Ferrous ion in a mixture of Iron and Nickel volumetrically. 4. Estimation of Nickel in a mixture of Iron and Nickel gravimetrically.

No of sessions – 15 NO.OF SESSIONS S. NO. NATURE OF WORK ALLOTTED 1 Demonstration 1 2 Regular practical class 12 3 Revision Exam 1 4 Model Exam 1

Text Book: J.Basset, R.C. Denny, H. Jaffery and J. Mendham, R.C.Denney (1989), Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, ELBS, V edition.

UG Chem. 48 Page 49 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I ALLIED PAPER 14UCH1A – ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY (Offered for Physics students) (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 04

Total number of hours per semester : 60 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students  to acquire an insight into the chemistry of carbohydrates.  to make a detailed study of the solid state chemistry.  to understand electrochemistry and the applications.  to become familiar into the basic concepts of photochemistry.  to give an exposure to pollution.

Unit I (12hours) Carbohydrates Introduction - definition and classification. Monosaccharides : properties and uses of glucose and fructose – Haworth structure – conversion of glucose to fructose and vice versa.Disaccharides: Sucrose – manufacture, properties and uses – structure (no structural elucidation), distinction between sucrose, glucose and fructose.

Unit II (12 hours) Solid state chemistry Crystal lattices- unit cells- unit cells of simple, body- centered and face centered cube- Miller indices.Elements of symmetry: Plane, centre and axis of symmetry. X- ray study of crystals – Bragg’s equation, crystal structure of sodium chloride and potassium chloride – determination of Avagadro number- cohesive energy in ionic crystals. Nature of bonds in diamond and graphite

Unit III (12 hours) Surface chemistry and photochemistry a) Adsorption: Physical adsorption- chemical adsorption- difference between the two types of adsorption- factors influencing the adsorption – adsorption isotherms : Langmuir and Freundlich adsorptionisotherm (no derivations). b) Photochemistry: Definition of photochemical reactions- Laws of photo chemistry- Grotthus- Draper’s law- & Einstein’s law- quantum efficiency , consequence of light adsorption by atoms and molecules – Jablonski diagram- fluorescence and phosphorescence- comparison between thermal and photochemical reactions – photo sensitization- chemiluminescence.

UG Chem. 49 Page 50 of 146

Unit IV (12 hours) Electrochemistry a) pH – definition , calculation of pH from molarity of acids and bases.- Common ion effect and its applications in analytical chemistry – buffer solution – definition ,theory of buffer action and applications. b) Acid – base indicators – working range of indicators , choice of indicators - commercial cells – primary and secondary cells- weston cadmium cell – lead storage cell – electroplating – principle and methods – corrosion and passivity – rusting of iron and preventive methods from rusting.

Unit V (12 hours) Pollution: a)Air pollution – definition, composition of air, chemical reactions occurring in air due to sunlight, sources and classification. Effects of air pollutants – effect of chlorofluorocarbons. Ozone layer – composition, formation, depletion -green house effect. Acid rain formation – theory and control of acid rain. Methods to control air pollution. b) Water pollution – types, sources, water sewages. Industrial effluents – inorganic pollutants, organic pollutants – water pollution control – water treatment.

Reference books : 1. Wahid U,G.D.Tuli and R.D .Madan, (1976), Selected Topics In Inorganic Chemistry, S.Chand & Co,Reprint .(2007) 2. B.R.Puri & L.R.Sharma and S.Pathania, (2008) Principles of Physical Chemistry , Vishal Publishing Company, New Delhi, 43rd Edition. 3. P.L Soni, H.M.Chawla, (2001), Text Book Of Organic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons, 30th Edition.

* Study materials will be provided.

UG Chem. 50 Page 51 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SEMESTER II ALLIED PAPER 14UCH2A - APPLIED CHEMISTRY (Offered for Physics students) (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 04 Total number of hours per semester : 60 No. Of credits : 04 Objectives:  To enable the students to understand the principles and application of chemistry in different fields.

Unit I (12 hrs) Fuels: Introduction –classification of fuels--calorific value –characteristics of a good fuel- comparison between solid,liquid and gaseous fuels-bomb calorimeter-coal-origin of coal-classification of coal by rank- rocket propellants- characteristics of a good propellant- classification of propellants.

Unit II (12 hrs) Glasses and ceramics: Introduction-general properties of glass-manufacture of glass – types of glasses – plasticity of clays –whitewares or white pottery - glazing –purpose of glazing- methods of glazing- earthenwares and stonewares . Unit III (12 hrs) Metals and alloys: Introduction -physical properties of metals –metallurgy – metallurgy of zirconium- - alloys – purpose of making alloys - preparation of alloys–-alloy steels –application of alloy steels– cast iron, wrought iron and steel – effect of impurities in steel – heat treatment of steel.

Unit IV (12 hrs) Adhesives: Introduction –advantages-limitations of adhesive bonding- adhesive action – development of adhesive strength – physical and chemical factors influencing adhesive action – bonding processes by adhesives-classification of adhesives.

Unit V (12 hrs) Detergents: Introduction-principal groups of synthetic detergents-surface active agents,builders,additives& suds regulators. classification of surface active agents–– anionic detergents – amphoteric detergents – biodegradability of surfactants- manufacture of shampoos.

*Study material will be provided.

UG Chem. 51 Page 52 of 146

1) Text Book: Jain & Jain, (2007), Engineering Chemistry, Dhanpat Raj Publishing Company (P) Ltd, XV edition. 2)B.K.Sharma (2006),Industrial Chemistry, Goel Publishing House, Meerut, XV edition

UG Chem. 52 Page 53 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I & II ALLIED PAPER 14UCH2AL - VOLUMETRIC ESTIMATION (Offered for Physics students) (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 02 Total number of hours per semester : 30 No. of credits : 02

Objectives:  to enable the students to develop skill in volumetric analysis.

Double titrations involving making up of the solution to be estimated. a) Acidimetry and Alkalimetry : 1) Titration between HCl ,sodium hydroxide and HCl 2) Titration between HCl ,potassium hydroxide and HCl 3) Titration between HCl ,sodium hydroxide and H2SO4 4) Titration between H2SO4, sodium carbonate and H2SO4 5) Titration between HCl ,sodium carbonate and HCl 6) Titration between oxalic acid, sodium hydroxide and oxalic acid 7) Titration between oxalic acid ,sodium hydroxide and HCl 8) Titration between sodium hydroxide, oxalic acid and potassium hydroxide b) Permanganometry : 9) Titration between ferrous sulphate, potassium permanganate and ferrous sulphate 10) Titration between ferrous ammonium sulphate, potassium permanganate and ferrous ammonium sulphate 11) Titration between oxalic acid, potassium permanganate and oxalic acid 12) Titration between oxalic acid, potassium permanganate and ferrous ion c) Dichrometry: 13) Titrations between potassium dichromate and ferrous ammonium sulphate – internal indicator 14) Titrations between potassium dichromate and ferrous ammonium sulphate – external indicator d) EDTA titrations: 15) Estimation of zinc. 16) Estimation of magnesium. e) Estimation of hardness of water f) Estimation of available chlorine in bleaching powder. .

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Textbook: 1) J.Bassett et-al., (2001), Vogel’s Textbook of quantitative Inorganic Analysis, ELBS, VII edition. .

No of sessions – 30

NO OF SESSIONS S.NO NATURE OF WORK ALLOTTED 1 Demonstration 4 2 Regular Practical class 18 3 Repetition 4 3 Revision Exam 2 4 Model Exam 2 Total 30

UG Chem. 54 Page 55 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III ALLIED PAPER 14UCH3A - FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY (Offered for Botany students) (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 04

Total number of hours per semester : 60 No. Of credits : 04 Objectives: To enable the students to  understand the principles and application of coordination chemistry in biological systems  understand the principles of nuclear chemistry, carbohydrate chemistry and heterocyclic chemistry.  Gain basic ideas in physical chemistry fields like catalysis, photochemistry and thermodynamics Unit I (12 hours)

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I a) Coordination Chemistry: Definition-nomenclature-definition of various terms involved in coordination chemistry-Werner’s theory-EAN rule-Nickel tetra carbonyl-Chelates-application of chelates. b).Bioinorganic chemistry: Role of metal ions in biological systems – metalloporphyrins – chlorophyll - heme proteins and vitamin B12 (structure only).

Unit II (12 hours) INORGANIC CHEMISTRY -II a) Nuclear chemistry: Composition of nucleus – nuclear forces – mass defect binding energy – nuclear stability & binding energy . b) Natural radio activity:Comparison of properties of , &  rays. Detection and measurements of radio activity– GM counter. Fajans-Russell–Soddy group displacement law - law of radioactive disintegration. c) Nuclear fission: Definition – chain reaction – energy released during fission – principle of atom bomb -nuclear reactors – different parts of nuclear reactors – moderators – coolant – shields –Breeder reactor. Applications of radioactive isotopes– study of reaction mechanism, medicine, agriculture, analytical and industrial field.

Unit III (12hours) ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I a) Carbohydrates: Definition - classification – monosaccharides – properties and uses of glucose and fructose – Haworth structure – conversion of glucose to fructose & vice versa.

UG Chem. 55 Page 56 of 146 b) Disaccharides: Sucrose – manufacture – properties and uses – structure only (no structural elucidation). Distinction between sucrose, glucose & fructose. c) Polysaccharides: Starch and cellulose(structure only) -amylose, - amylose-difference between these two.

Unit IV (12 hours) ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II a) Hetrocyclic compounds containing one heteroatom: Preparation, properties and structure of pyrrole, furan, thiophene, indole, pyridine, quinoline & isoquinoline (Structural elucidation not necessary) b) Terpenoids : Introduction – classification – occurrence – isolation – general properties –isoprene rule – structure of citral, geraniol, & terpeniol(Structural elucidtion not required). c) Alkaloids: Definition – occurrence – extraction of alkaloids and general properties classification of alkaloids – structure of cocaine, papavarine, piperine & nicotine (Structural elucidation not required

Unit V (12 hours) PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY a) Catalysis: Definition – Different types of catalysts – acid –base catalysis – enzyme catalysis. b) Photochemistry: Comparision of thermal and photochemical reactions – definition of photochemical reaction – laws of photochemistry – Grotthus-Draper law – Quantum efficiency.Consequence of light absorption by atoms and molecules – Jablonski diagram – fluorescence, phosphorescence & photosensitization. c) Thermodynamics: Important terms in thermodynamics – system, surroundings, different types of processes, state function. First law of thermodynamics – definition & mathematical formulation. Second law of thermodynamics – statement – entropy as a thermodynamic function. Gibb’s free energy and Helmholtz free energy. Free energy criteria for biological reactions.

Reference Books : 1.P.L.Soni,Mohan Katyal(2006)Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry,Sultan chand &Sons Educational Publishers, 20 th Revised Edition 1. B.R.Puri, L.R.Sharma, K.C.Kalia,(2010), Inorganic Chemistry, Milestone Publishers,31 st Edition. 2. B.R.Puri, L.R. Sharma, S.Pathania,(2008), Principles of Physical chemistry, Vishal Publishing Co ,43 rd Edition. 3. P. L. Soni, H.M.Chawla,(2007) Organic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Sons, 29 th Edition.

* Study material will be provided.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SEMESTER IV ALLIED PAPER 14UCH4A – PHARMACEUTICAL AND INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY (Offered for Botany students) (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 04 Total number of hours per semester : 60 No. Of credits : 04 Objectives: To enable the students  to gain basic knowledge about antibiotics, vitamins and oils and fats  to introduce basic idea of drugs used for treating various diseases.  to motivate the student to pursue a career in pharmaceutical industries. Unit I (12 hours) Antibiotics & their uses Introduction – importance – history of discovery – classification of antibiotics - pencillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, chloromycetin, production of antibiotics in India.

Unit II (12 hours) Vitamins Sources, functions and deficiency diseases of the following vitamins: vitamin A, vitamin A1, vitamin A2 - vitamin B complex- vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B12 – vitamin C - vitamin D –vitamin E – vitamin K.

Unit III (12 hours) Agricultural Chemistry Plant nutrients –micronutrients –types of fertilizers – need for fertilizers – essential fertilizers – fertility of the soil – pH value of the soil – classifications of fertilizers – mixed and straight fertilizers –important fertilizers: Nitrogenous fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, potash fertilizers.

Unit IV (12 hours) Insecticides and Pesticides Introduction - inorganic insecticides: lead arsenate, calcium arsenate, paris green. Natural or plant insecticides: nicotine, pyrethrins, rotenone, allethrin. Organic insecticides: DDT, methoxychlor, BHC. Attractants and repellents – fumigents – ethylene dichloride, p-dichlorobenzene, aluminium phosphide – miticides – rodenticides – warfarin, sodium monofluoro acetate.

Unit V (12 hours) Oils and Fats

UG Chem. 57 Page 58 of 146 Saponification value - acid value - iodine value - Reichert Meissel value– definition and their determination – manufacture of soaps– cleaning action.

*Study material will be provided.

Reference: 1. Jayashree Ghosh, (2008), Fundamental Concepts of Applied Chemistry, S. Chand and Company Ltd., I edition. 2. B.K. Sharma, (2004), Industrial Chemistry, Goel Publishing House, XIV revised & enlarged edition.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY B. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III & IV ALLIED PAPER 14UCH4AL- VOLUMETRIC ESTIMATION (Offered for Botany students) (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 02 Total number of hours per semester : 30 No. of credits : 02

Objectives:  to enable the students to develop skill in volumetric analysis.

Double titrations involving making up of the solution to be estimated. A) Acidimetry and Alkalimetry : 1) Titration between HCl ,sodium hydroxide and HCl 2) Titration between HCl ,potassium hydroxide and HCl 3) Titration between HCl ,sodium hydroxide and H2SO4 4) Titration between H2SO4, sodium carbonate and H2SO4 5) Titration between HCl ,sodium carbonate and HCl 6) Titration between oxalic acid ,sodium hydroxide and oxalic acid. 7) Titration between oxalic acid ,sodium hydroxide and HCl 8) Titration between sodium hydroxide, oxalic acid and potassium permanganate . B) Permanganometry : 9) Titration between ferrous sulphate, potassium permanganate and ferrous sulphate 10) Titration between ferrous ammonium sulphate, potassium permanganate and ferrous ammonium sulphate 11) Titration between oxalic acid, potassium permanganate and oxalic acid. 12) Titration between oxalic acid, potassium permanganate and ferrous ion. C) Dichrometry: 13) Titrations between potassium dichromate and ferrous ammonium sulphate – internal indicator. 14) Titrations between potassium dichromate and ferrous ammonium sulphate – external indicator.

D) EDTA titrations:

UG Chem. 59 Page 60 of 146 15) Estimation of Zinc. 16) Estimation of magnesium. E) Estimation of hardness of water F) Estimation of available chlorine in bleaching powder. .

.

No of sessions – 30

NO OF SESSIONS S.NO NATURE OF WORK ALLOTTED 1 Demonstration 4 2 Regular Practical class 18 3 Repetition 4 3 Revision Exam 2 4 Model Exam 2 Total 30

Textbook: 1) J.Bassett et-al., (2001), Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, ELBS, VII edition.

UG Chem. 60 Page 61 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SEMESTER II NON-MAJOR ELECTIVECOURSE I (OPEN OPTION) 14UCH3N - CHEMISTRY IN DAILY LIFE (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 02 Total number of hours per semester : 30 No. of credits : 02

Objectives: To enable the students of arts  to know about the petroleum products and their uses  to know about the different types of fuels  to understand the action of soaps and detergents in cleaning work.  to know about the pharmaceutical chemistry.  to know about the food materials & their preservations.

Unit I (6 hours) Petrochemicals: Chemicals from natural gas- petroleum- light naphtha and kerosene. synthetic gasoline. Unit II (6 hours) Food Chemistry: Oils and fats – rancidity – refining – hydrogenation changes in vegetables on cooking – milk and dairy products – food processing – food additives – synthetic flavoring agents – food preservation and food adulteration. Unit III (6 hours) Pharmaceutical chemistry: Principle of drug action – classification of drugs – analgesics – antipyretics – anaesthetics – hypnotics – sedatives and antimalarial drugs – sulpha drugs – antibiotics. (Structure not necessary) Unit IV (6 hours) Soaps and Detergents: Composition –manufacture of soaps- Large scale preparation–Modern Process- synthetic detergents – cleansing action of soaps and detergents.

Unit V (6 hours) Fuels: Definition – classification – advantages and disadvantages of gaseous fuels – Gobar gas.

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Textbook : 1. N.Shakuntala & Co, (2008), Foods – Facts & Principles, Wiley Eastern Ltd, III edition. 2. P.L.Soni, (2007), Organic Chemistry, Sultan Chand & Co., Ltd., New Delhi, XXIX edition. Reference Book: 1. Bahl & Arun Bahl, (2007), Advanced Organic Chemistry, S. Chand & Co., Ltd., New Delhi, I edition. 2. K.S. Tewari, (2006), Organic Chemistry, Vikas Publications House Pvt. Ltd, III edition.

* Study Material will be provided.

UG Chem. 62 Page 63 of 146 THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SEMESTER V NON-MAJOR ELECTIVECOURSE II (OPEN OPTION) 14UCH4N- INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 02 Total number of hours per semester : 30 No. of credits : 02

Objectives:  To enable the students to understand the industrial aspects of matches, paints, pigments and uses of industrial water.

Unit I (6 hours) Water treatment: Introduction – uses of water – water for industry – properties of water – water as a solvent – softening of water – Clarke’s process – lime soda process – Permutit or Zeolite process – Ion exchange process – demineralization of water.

Unit II (6 hours) Cement Industry: Introduction: composition – types of cement – water proof cement – slag cement – white cement – colored cement – types of Portland cement – raw materials – setting of cement.

Unit III (6 hours) Paints and Pigments: Manufacture of paints and pigments – setting of paints – characteristics of a good paint – paint failure – varnishes. Pigments – zinc white – lithopone - ultramarines – carbon black – red lead – chrome green.

Unit IV (6 hours) Match industry, Pyrotechnics and explosives: Match Industry - raw materials needed for match industry – manufacturing process – pyrotechnics – colored smokes. Explosives – definition – classification – nitroglycerine, dynamite, cordite, TNT and picric acid. Unit V (6 hours) Some small scale units: Safety matches – agarbatties – naphthalene balls – wax candles – shoe polish - gum paste – writing /fountain pen ink – chalk crayons – plaster of paris. Reference books: 1. Jain & Jain, (2007), Engineering Chemistry, Dhanpat Raj Publishing Company (P) Ltd,XV edition 2. B.K.Sharma,(1983) Introduction to Industrial Chemistry, Goel Publishers, 1 Edition.

*study material will be provided.

UG Chem. 63 Page 64 of 146 CPpi P

RA.JARATNAM THE STANDARD FIREWORKS

COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS) NAAC and Reaccredited with A' Grade by by UGC) College with Potential for Excellence SIVAKASI-626 123.

Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai.

Programme Scheme, Scheme ofExamination and Syllabi (With effect from June 2014)

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

PG PROGRAMME

Curriculum Design & Development Cell

G.vall alala 7.Pal CHAÍRMAN OF CbDC ACADEMIC RPRadLa THE BOARD AFFAIRSs COE

PG1PageCHEM 65 of 146-I

THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI – 626 123. (Re accredited with A Grade by NAAC)

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.SC., DEGREE PROGRAMME IN CHEMISTRY

RULES AND REGULATIONS, PROGRAMME SCHEME AND SCHEME OF EXAMINATION GOVERNING THE M.SC DEGREE PROGRAMME IN CHEMISTRY (For those admitted in June 2011and later) I. Programme Objectives: The objectives of the Programme are a) to give the students an in depth knowledge of the theories which govern the various phenomena in chemistry. b) to develop in students confidence and ability to carry out independent experimental work. c) to create a positive attitude to research work. d) to make the students aware of the latest development in the field of chemistry. e) to develop the skill of students in computer languages and make the students to understand the role of computers in solving problems in chemistry. f) to make the students learn the application of chemistry in other fields of science. g) to enable the students to be fit to take up jobs in chemistry related fields.

II. Eligibility condition for admission:

a) Bachelor degree in Chemistry of the Madurai Kamaraj University or any other degree accepted by the Syndicate of Madurai Kamaraj University. b) They should have secured a minimum of 50% of marks in part III of the degree course. In the case of SC/ST students, the required minimum marks for admission will be 45%. c) The admission to the course will be based on the performance of the applicants in the qualifying examinations.

III. Duration of the Programme:

The duration of the Programme is two academic years. Each academic year consist of two semesters. The duration of a semester is 90 working days.

IV. Attendance:

Attendance for Regular Classes:

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The Rules regarding the attendance for regular classes for the candidates to appear for the summative examinations are framed as given below a) Each student must put in a minimum attendance of 68 days (75% of 90 days per semester) so as to become eligible to appear for the summative examinations. Shortage of attendance: b) Those students with attendance 68 days and less but 59 days and above (65%) can be permitted to appear for the summative examinations provided they submit the condonation certificate to the Principal stating the proper reasons for the absence, within 5 days after the last working day of the concerned class. The Certificate may be obtained from the office on payment of penalty as per Madurai Kamaraj University.

c) In case of attendance with 58 days and less but 45 days and (50%) above, the students cannot appear for the final examinations of that semester but can appear for the next examinations by obtaining special permission from the Principal proceeding necessary documents supporting the reasons for absence on payment of Rs.250/-

d) Students with attendance 44 days and less should have to repeat the whole semester

V. Evaluation Procedure:

S.No. Theory/Practical/Project CIA End Semester Work 1. Theory 25% 75% 2. Practical 40% 60% 3. Project Work - 100%

A mark statement will be issued to every student at the end of every semester.

VI. Passing Minimum:

For a pass in each Course, a student should secure a minimum of 45% marks in the end semester examination and a minimum of 50 % marks in aggregate (i.e., internal and external marks put together). The student should secure a minimum of 50% marks in the End semester examination for Dissertation/Project report and Viva - Voce.

VII. Eligibility condition for getting the Degree:

A candidate undergoing the M.Sc., degree Programme in Chemistry will be eligible for the award of M.Sc., degree in Chemistry if

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she completes entire Programme and passes all the examination prescribed for the Programme.

VIII. Classification of Successful Candidates:

The Successful Candidates will be Classification of classified as per GRADE the details given in Final Result the Table below: CGPA 9.500 – 10.000 O+ 9.000 - 9.499 O 8.500 - 8.999 D++ 8.000 - 8.499 D+ First Class 7.500 - 7.999 D 7.000 - 7.499 A++ 6.500 - 6.999 A+ 6.000 - 6.499 A 5.500 - 5.999 B+ Second Class 5.000 - 5.499 B 0.000 - 4.999 U Re-appear

IX. Awards of Ranks : i Ci Gi CUMULATIVE GRADE POINT AVERAGE (CGPA) = i Ci

CGPA= Sum of the multiplication of grade points by the respective credits of the course cleared in the entire programme Sum of the credits of all the courses cleared in the programme

Ci - Credits earned for course i in any semester. Gi - Grade point obtained for course i in any semester. I - Summation of all courses cleared in a semesters. X. Other Provisions:

a) Those who are absent for the exam should be marked AA on the Mark sheet. b) If there is a charge of malpractice by a student she should be sent out from the Exam Hall and given chance only during the following Semester. c) The Courses she has already appeared during that Semester will not be considered. d) A student can appear for any number of arrear Courses. e) Repeat examinations will be conducted for the final semester paper within a month after the publication of final semester result f) Revaluation is permitted

XI. Transitory Provisions:

Students from other institutions shall be considered if they have already written and passed all the Courses covered till the previous semester and if any

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of the Courses have not been cleared, they have to appear for those subjects along with the current semester subjects also.

THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI PG Chemistry – Allotment of Hours and Credits (For those joined in June 2014 and later)

Subjects I II III IV Total Semester Semester Semester Semester Credits Core courses Paper I 6(5) 6(5) 6 (5) 6(5) - Paper II 6(4) 6(4) 6(4) 6(5) - Paper III 6(4) 6(4) 6(4) 6(4) - Lab 6(4) 6(4) 6(4) - Project&Viva - - - 6(5) - Total 24(17) 24(17) 24(17) 24(19) 70 Electives Core Elective 6(5) - - 6(5) Non-major - 6(5) 6(5) - 20 Electives Total 30(22) 30(22) 30(22) 30(24) 90 Total Credits 90

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI Department of Chemistry (PG Programme) 2014 onwards

Marks Allotted

Course Sem Code Course Title Credits Credits Per Week Per Week Duration of Duration Total Total Exam. (Hrs.) (Hrs.) Exam. Internal Internal Teaching Hours Hours Teaching External External

Core Courses – Major 14PCH11 Organic Chemistry-I 6 5 3 25 75 100 14PCH12 Inorganic Chemistry - I 6 4 3 25 75 100 14PCH13 Physical Chemistry I 6 4 3 25 75 100 I – Inorganic Qualitative and Quantitative 14PCH1L 6 4 6 40 60 100 analysis 14PCH1EA Elective I 6 5 3 25 75 100 14PCH21 Organic Chemistry –II 6 5 3 25 75 100 14PCH22 Inorganic Chemistry -II 6 4 3 25 75 100

II 14PCH23 Physical Chemistry -II 6 4 3 25 75 100 14PCH2L Organic Estimation and Analysis 6 4 6 40 60 100 14PCH2E Elective II-Safety Fireworks 6 5 3 25 75 100 14PCH31 Organic Chemistry –III 6 5 3 25 75 100 14PCH32 Inorganic Chemistry –III 6 4 3 25 75 100 III 14PCH33 Physical Chemistry –III 6 4 3 25 75 100

14PCH3L Physical Chemistry Practical 6 4 6 40 60 100 14PCH3E Elective III-Materials Science 6 5 3 25 75 100 14PCH41 Organic Chemistry –IV 6 5 3 25 75 100 14PCH42 Inorganic Chemistry –IV 6 5 3 25 75 100 IV 14PCH43 Physical Chemistry –IV 6 4 3 25 75 100 14PCH4EB Elective IV 6 5 3 25 75 100 14PCH4P Project & viva-voce 6 5 3 - 100 100 Electives

14PCH1E1 Pharmaceutical Chemistry 6 5 25 75 100 I 3

14PCH1E2 Bioinformatics 6 5 3 I 25 75 100

100 IV 14PCH4E1 Bio Chemistry 6 5 3 25 75

IV 14PCH4E2 Biomedical Instrumentation 6 5 3 25 75 100

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN SIVAKASI DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I 14PCH11 – ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05 Objectives: To enable the student  To understand and explore the concept of stereo chemistry  To know about aromaticity and aromatic substitution  To know about the chemistry of carbohydrates and terpenoids  To understand the principles of conformational analysis  To understand the basic concept of cheminformatics

UNIT I (18 Hours)

Stereo chemistry : a) Introduction-Structural isomers, Stereoisomers. Symmetry elements – Simple or proper axis of symmetry-Plane of symmetry - Centre of symmetry- Alternating axis of symmetry. Concept of chirality- Asymmetric and dissymmetric-Conditions for optical activity – Optical isomerism – Definitions – Chiral molecules- Newmann, Sawhorse and Fischer projection formulae - Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System of nomenclature – Molecules with more than one chiral center – Molecular dissymmetry – Optical activity of compounds without a stereogenic carbon- Biphenyls, Allenes and Spiranes. Homotopic ligands and faces, Enantiotopic ligands and faces, Diastereotopic ligands and faces. Asymmetric synthesis – Absolute asymmetric synthesis-Partial asymmetric synthesis. Cram’s rule , Prelog’s rule. b) Geometrical Isomerism: Geometrical isomerism on double bonds-E-Z nomenclature of alkenes- Determination of configuration of geometrical isomers using physical and chemical methods. Stereoisomerism in monocyclic compounds-Cis and trans isomerism -chirality-Cycloalkenes- Geometric and stereoisomerism in cycloalkanes-cyclopropanes- cyclobutanes-cyclopentanes- Cyclohexanes.

UNIT - II (18 Hours) Conformational analysis: a) Restricted rotation about single bonds- Introduction-Dihedral angles or torsion angle-conformation analysis of ethane, butane, di bromo ethane. Origin of Conformational free energy-Determination-Conformation and Chemical reactivity in acyclic systems -Substitution- Elimination from 2- bromobutane-Elimination from steroisomers of 2,3-dibromobutane-Curtin Hammett Principle. Angle and Pitzer strain- conformation of cyclic substrates (cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane)-

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stereoelectronic and steric factors. Conformation of monosubstituted cyclohexanes-methylcyclohexane,ter-butylcyclohexane, chlorocyclohexane- conformation of disubstituted cyclohexanes–1,2- dimethylcyclohexane-1,3–dimethylcyclohexane-1,4- dimethylcyclohexane-Effect of conformation on reactivity. b) Quantitative treatment of mobile system – Winstein-Eliel –R0 equations – conformations and reactivity of cyclohexanones-2-alkyl, 3- alkyl ketone effect-Van Auwers Skita hydrogenation rule –reduction of cyclohexanones.

UNIT - III (18 Hours) Aromaticity and Aromatic substitution: a) Concept of aromaticity – Prediction of Aromaticity and anti aromaticity using H1 NMR technique – Six membered rings-Five, Seven and Eight membered rings-Other systems containing aromatic sextets-Alternant and nonalternant hydro carbons. Aromatic systems with electron numbers other than six-systems of two electrons and four electrons.Antiaromaticity- systems of eight electrons-systems of ten electrons. Other aromatic compounds - Chemistry of cyclopentadienyl anion, Fulvene- Azulene- Sydnones-Annulenes-Homoaromatic compounds. b) Electrophilic aromatic substitution- Arenium ion –SE1 mechanism– Nitration, halogenation, sulphonations and Friedel craft’s alkylation and acylation reaction – Orientation and reactivities in mono substituted benzene rings c) Aromatic Nucleophilic substitution–Aromatic nucleophilic Substitution (SNAr), Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution- SNi mechanisms- Benzyne mechanism-The effect of substrate structure- effect of the leaving group-Effect of the attacking nucleophile. UNIT - IV (18 Hours)

Carbohydrates and Terpenoids :

a) Carbohydrates: Introduction –Determination of the configuration of the monosaccharides-ring structure of the monosaccharides – Mechanism of muta rotation- Hudson’s lactone rule-Hudson’s isorotation rule- Methods for determining the size of sugar rings - Purdie’s method – Haworth’s method-Oxidation method-Conformational analysis of the monosaccharides-chemical methods-Chemistry, configuration and conformation of sucrose, maltose, lactose, cellobiose , starch and cellulose. b) Terpenoids: Introduction-Isolation -General methods of determination of structure- Classification of Terpenoids- Structure and synthesis of zingiberene, α-cadinene, Abietic acid, Camphor and α -Terpineol UNIT - V Computational Chemistry (18 Hours) a) Introduction to Computers - Programming languages-Operating systems-Internet access-origin-address-connectivity-World Wide Web- - Websites- Web pages-Creation of e-mail address. b) Chemdraw : Drawing Chemical Structures-Chemdraw basics-Starting Chemdraw-Working with document-Drawing chemical structures-3D structures-Energyminimization-Viewing3Dmolecules-

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Moleculardimensions-Molecular Properties-Partial charges-molecular electrostatic potentials-Molecular orbitals-Spectroscopic transitions- Local and global energy minima-Molecular dynamics-Stepwise bond rotation- Automated screening of databases for lead compounds.

c) Molecular Docking : Docking procedures-manual docking-automatic docking using docking softwares like Hex 4.2

Text Books

UNIT - I & II : 1. P.S.Kalsi, (2006) Stereochemistry, Conformation and Mechanism, Wiley Eastern Ltd., VI edition, Page No.95-104, 139-158, Chapter II:Page No. 182- 209, Page No.73-91. UNIT – II 1. P.S.Kalsi,(2006),Stereochemistry, Conformation and Mechanism, Wiley Eastern Ltd.,VI edition, Chapter IV: Page No 304-372. 2. E.L.Eliel, Reprinted(2008), Stereo chemistry of Carbon Compounds, McGraw Hill edition 1975. 3. V.M. Potapov,(1979) Stereochemistry, MIR publishers, Russian Edition, Moscow, Chapter I,Page No. 57-71,Chapter II- PageNo.122-124, PageNo.132-136. 4. I. L. Finar, (1975) Organic Chemistry, Vol.II ELBS Longmann,V edition,. Chapter II ,Page No. 95-104. Chapter IV- Page No .145-154,159- 170,183- 194, Chapter V- Page No .227-238, 5. D.Nasipuri,(2006).Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, Principles and Application, Wiley Eastern Ltd., II edition, Chapter IV :Page No.48-60, Chapter X : Page No 240-270, Chapter XII: Page No .390-400. UNIT – III 1. Jerry March(2007),Advanced Organic chemistry ,Wiley and sons pvt.ltd., IV edition. Chapter II: Page No.40-67, Chapter XI:Page No.501-517,528- 542,Chapter XIII :Page No.641-653. UNIT – IV 1. I.L.Finar, (1975) Organic Chemistry, Vol.II ELBS Longmann, V edn., Chapter VII:Page No. 276-305,320-342.Chapter VIII: Page No. 354- 358,392-396.416-424, 441-446,453-459. 2. O.P.Agarwal,(2008),Chemistry of Organic Natural products ,Vol II, 34th edition GOEL publishing House, Meerut. 3. O.P.Agarwal, (2008),Chemistry of Organic Natural products,Vol I, 37th edition GOEL publishing House, Meerut. UNIT – V 1. G.L.Patrick (2001)Medicinal chemistry, Oxford University Press, II edition, Chapter XIII-Page No.319-356.For (b) Internet Resources. 2. S.Ignacimuthu ,Basic Bioinformatics(2005)-Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, I edition.Chapter II-Page No.13-19.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I 14PCH12 – INORGANIC CHEMISTRY -I (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students  to understand the structure of polyelectronic atoms  to comprehend and apply the theory of chemical bonding  to learn about the Chemistry in non aqueous solvents  to know about the essentials of nuclear chemistry

Unit - I (18 Hours) The Structure of the Atom Introduction-the Hydrogen atom-the radial wave function –angular wave function- symmetry of orbitals–energies of orbitals -the polyelectronic atom - electron spin and the Pauli principle – the Aufbau principle-atomic states, term symbols and Hund’s rules – periodicity of the elements - shielding - the size of atoms-ionisation energy-ionisation-electron affinity.

Unit - II (18 Hours) Ionic bonding and the solid state a) The ionic Bond: Introduction- properties of ionic substances-occurrence of ionic bonding-structure of crystal lattices : ionic compounds of the typeAX: NaCl, CsCl, Zincblende. Ionic compounds of the type AX2 : Fluorite & Rutile. Layer structures: Cadmium iodide, Nickel arsenide. Structures containing polyatomic ions:Calcium Carbide. Lattice energy – Born-Lande equation – the Born- Haber cycle – uses of Born- Haber type calculations. b) Solid State–Imperfections in crystals-conductivity in ionic solids- conductivity by ion migration -solids held together by covalent bonding-types of solids-band theory-intrinsic and photoexcited semiconductors-impurity and defect semiconductors-high –temperature superconductors.

Unit - III (18 Hours) The Covalent bond Introduction – valence bond theory-hybridization –the extent of d orbital participation in molecular bonding–molecular orbital method - linear combination of atomic orbitals method:s-s, s-p, p-p, p-d combination of orbitals -rules for linear combination of atomic orbitals-examples of MO treatment for homonuclear - -2 diatomic molecules like H2, He2, Li2, Be2, B2, C2, N2, O2, O2 , O2 , F2 .

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Examples of MO treatment for heteronuclear diatomic molecules like NO and CO - molecular orbitals in tri atomic molecules like BeH2.

Unit - IV (18 Hours) Chemistry in Non aqueous solvents

a) Non aqueous solvents: Introduction- classification of solvents-general properties of ionizing solvents-liquid ammonia-liquid sulfur dioxide as solvent- liquid dinitrogen tetroxide-liquid hydrogen fluoride-acetic acid-liquid bromine trifluoride -Sulfuric acid. b) Molten salts: solvent properties –room temperature molten salts- unreactivity of molten salts-solution of metals-complex formation.

Unit - V (18 Hours) Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction – fission energy-natural Uranium reactors - the four factor formula-classification of reactors- reactor power- critical size of a thermal reactor- excess reactivity and control-breeder reactor-India’s nuclear energy programme- reprocessing of spent fuels-nuclear waste management-nature’s nuclear reactor- radioactive pollution-recent nuclear reactor disasters in the world.

Text Books:

Unit I 1. J.E.Huheey & et al., (2007), Inorganic Chemistry, Principles of Structure and Reactivity, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt, Ltd.,IV Edition. Chapter-2-Page no. 9-37

Unit II 1. J.E.Huheey & et al.,(2007), Inorganic Chemistry, Principles of Structure and Reactivity ,Dorling Kindersley (India ) Pvt, Ltd.,IV Edition . Chapter-4 -Page no.72-84,103-114. 2. For Structure of crystal lattices -J.D.Lee, (2006),Concise Inorganic Chemistry , ELBS, Chapman and Hall, London ,V Edition.Chapter-6- Page no47-52

Unit III 1. J.D.Lee,(2006),Concise Inorganic Chemistry,ELBS,Chapman and Hall, London,V Edition ,Chapter-4- Page no.80 -112. 2. J.E.Huheey & et al., (2007),Inorganic Chemistry, Principles of Structure and Reactivity ,Dorling Kindersley (India ) Pvt, Ltd, IV Edition, Chapter-5-Page no149- 150.

Unit IV 1. .Wahid U. Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan ,(2007), Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry , S.Chand&company Ltd, Chapter-7- Page no-218-249. 2. J.E.Huheey & et al., (2007), Inorganic Chemistry, Principles of Structure and Reactivity, Dorling Kindersley (India ) Pvt, Ltd., IV Edition , Chapter-9 – Page no250-252 , 257-259.

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Unit V H.J.Arnikar,(2007) “Essentials of Nuclear Chemistry” ,New Age International Publishers., IV Edition ,Chapter-7 Page no266-292 .

REFERENCES 1. F.A.Cotton &G.Wilkinson (1998), Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons,Newyork, IV edition. 2. A.G.Sharpe (2007) “Inorganic Chemistry” Addision Weseley Longman Inc,III edition.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I 14PCH13– PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY - I (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students  to understand the basic concepts of polymer chemistry.  to learn the concept of chemical thermodynamics  to get exposed to non-equilibrium thermodynamics and chemical equilibrium.  to acquire knowledge about the kinetic theory.  to apply statistical principles to thermodynamics. Unit – I Polymer Chemistry (18 hours) a) Chemistry of Polymerisation Introduction – chain polymerization, free radical polymerization, ionic polymerization, co-ordination polymerization. Zieglar – Natta catalyst. b) Molecular Weight Average molecular weight – number average and weight average molecular weight – sedimentation and viscosity average molecular weights – molecular weight and degree of polymerization. Determination of molecular weight of polymer-end group analysis, viscometry, ultracentrifugation, viscosity, diffusion, turbidity. Unit – II Chemical Thermodynamics (18 hours) a) Partial molar properties: Partial molar properties –physical significance of partial molar property- the chemical potential- equilibrium in heterogeneous systems-alternative definitions of partial molar free energy -the variation of chemical potential with temperature and pressure-free energy change in any process. b) Thermodynamic properties of real gases Fugacity – definition – determination of fugacity – graphical method, from equation of state – variation of fugacity with temperature and pressure. Mean activities of electrolytes. Activity coefficients from EMF measurements. Activity of non electrolyte in presence of electrolyte.

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Unit – III (18 hours) Chemical equilibrium and Non – equilibrium thermodynamics a) Chemical equilibrium Free energy and equilibrium constant – equilibrium in ideal gas systems – heterogeneous equilibria – effect of pressure on chemical equilibria – effect of temperature on chemical equilibria – van’t Hoff reaction isochore – van’t Hoff reaction isotherm. b) Non – equilibrium thermodynamics

Introduction – conservation of mass and energy – entropy production – entropy production in chemical reactions – entropy production and entropy flow in open systems – Onsager’s theory – applications – thermo electricity – electro kinetic effects – mechano caloric effect.

Unit – IV Kinetic theory and transport phenomena in gases (18 hours) a) Kinetic theory of gases: Maxwell’s law of distribution of molecular velocities – significance of Maxwell’s law – average values – average velocity, root mean square velocity, mean square velocity - Maxwell’s distribution for kinetic energy – experimental verification of Maxwell’s distribution law. Collision number – collision frequency – collision number and mixture of gases – collision diameter – mean free path. Classical theory of specific heat capacity – specific heat capacity of a solid. b) Transport phenomena in gases Introduction – viscosity – effect of temperature – effect of pressure – alternative derivation – thermal conductivity in gases - alternative derivation – diffusion in gases - alternative derivation – degrees of freedom – law of equipartition of energy. Unit – V (18 hours) Statistical Thermodynamics: Introduction – energy states and energy levels –macro state and micro state – thermodynamic probability – the Bose– Einstein statistics – the Fermi–Dirac statistics – the Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics – the Bose Einstein distribution function – the Fermi Dirac distribution function - the classical distribution function – the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution function – the partition function – thermodynamic properties of a system from partition function. Boltzmann – Planck equation – entropy and probability – entropy of mixing.

Text Books: Unit I 1. V.R.Gowariker, N.V.Viswanathan, Jayadev Sreedhar, (2008), Polymer Science, New Age International (P) Limited, Reprint. Chapter: 2, Page Number: 15 – 52. Chapter: 3, Page Number: 86 – 92. Chapter: 3, Page Number: 402-413

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Unit II 1. S.Glasstone, (2000), Thermodynamics for Chemists, East – West Press Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi, East – West student edition, Chapter: X, Page Number: 213 – 219 Chapter: XII, Page Number: 250 -259 Chapter: XVI, Page Number: 378 – 380, 392 – 396, 402 - 403

Unit III 1. J.Rajaram and J.C.Kuriacose, (1999), Thermodynamics, Shoban Lal Nagin, Chand & co, New Delhi, 3rd edition. Chapter: 11, Page Number: 391 – 396, 404 – 418. Appendix: B, Page Number: 469 – 483, 493 - 498

Unit IV 1. Gurdeep Raj, (2005), Advanced Physical Chemistry, Goel Publishing House Pvt., Ltd., New Delhi, 31st edition. Chapter: 26, Page Number: 631 – 640, 645 – 658 2. Francis W Sears and Gerhard L Salinger, (1998), Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical Thermodynamics, Narosa Publishing House, 3rd edition. Chapter: 9, Page Number: 264 - 271.

Unit V 1. Francis W Sears and Gerhard L Salinger, (1998) , Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical Thermodynamics, Narosa Publishing House, 3rd edition. Chapter: 11, Page Number: 302 – 322, 327 – 342. 2. J.Rajaram and J.C.Kuriacose, (1999), Thermodynamics, Shoban Lal Nagin, Chand & co, New Delhi, 3rd edition. Chapter: 4, Page Number: 145 -150

Reference Books:

Unit I 1. Fred W.Billmeyer, JR. (2003), Text Book of Polymer Science, A Wiley – Interscience Publication, III edition.

Unit II 1. J.Rajaram and J.C.Kuriacose, (1999), Thermodynamics, Shoban Lal Nagin, Chand & co, New Delhi, 3rd edition. 2. D.N Bajpai, (1998), Advanced Physical Chemistry , S.Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi, III edition.

Unit III 1. S.Glasstone, (2000), Thermodynamis for Chemists, East – West Press Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi, 11th edition 2. D.N Bajpai, (1998), Advanced Physical Chemistry, S.Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi, III edition.

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Unit IV 1. S.Glasstone, (2001), Thermodynamics for Chemists- East – Weat Press Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi, 11th edition 2. J.Rajaram and J.C.Kuriacose, (1999), Thermodynamics, Shoban Lal Nagin, Chand & co, New Delhi, 3rd edition. 3. D.N Bajpai, (1998), Advanced Physical Chemistry – S.Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi, III edition

Unit V 1. S.Glasstone, (2000), Thermodynamics for Chemists, Van Nostrand Co.,Inc, New york.11th edition.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY MAJOR PRACTICAL SEMESTER I 14PCH1L – INORGANIC QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 04

Objectives : To enable the students to  develop skill in semimicro qualitative and quantitative analyis.  know the technique of preparation and spectral characterization of complexes.  have an idea about quantitative estimation of metal ions spectrophotometrically

*1. Semi – micro qualitative analysis: Analysis of mixtures containing two cations from the following: W, Tl, Se, Te, Mo, Ce, Zr, V and Li.

2. Quantitative Analysis: Separation and estimation of mixtures by volumetric and gravimetric methods. Some recommended mixtures are a. Estimation of Copper volumetrically and Nickel gravimetrically b. Estimation of Copper volumetrically and Calcium gravimetrically c. Estimation of Fe(III) volumetrically and Nickel gravimetrically d. Estimation of Barium volumetrically and Calcium gravimetrically.

*3. Preparation and Spectral characterization of any three Inorganic complexes.

*4. Spectrophotometric determination of

a) Iron by thiocyanate b) Iron by 1, 10-Phenanthroline c) Nickel by DMG

*For Internal assessment only

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Total No. of sessions – 15 (15 x 6 = 90 hours)

S. No Nature of Work No. of sessions allotted

Demonstration 1 1.

Regular practical classes 12 2.

3. Revision exam 1

4. Model Exam 1

Total 15

Reference Books 1. J.Bassett ,R.C.Denny,H.Jaffery,J.Mendhan(1978), Vogel’s Text book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, ELBS,IV edition. 2. Dr.V.V.Ramanujam, (2008), Inorganic semi-micro qualitative analysis, The National Publishing company,III edition. 3. E.A.V.Ebsworth, D.W.H.Rankin and S.Gaddock, (1987), Structural methods in inorganic chemistry, ELBS Black well scientific publications, ELBS edition.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I 14PCH1E1-ELECTIVE – PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05

Objectives To enable the learners to:  know the medicinal values of various drugs, their actions and metabolismof drug  help them to study the action and adverse effects of various drugs like sulphonamides, analgesics, antipyretics, anaesthetics etc.  know about first aid treatment  gain some basic knowledge about various common diseases.

UNIT I (18 hours)

Sources, Classification and Metabolism of drug Introduction- the nature and sources of drugs – study of drugs- classification of drug- biological classification –chemical classification – commercial classification. nomenclature of drugs-mechanism of drugs action –the chemistry of drug receptor binding- mechanism of different types of drug action - metabolism of drugs – chemical pathways of drug metabolism – phase I and phase II reactions.

UNIT II (18 hours) a) Absorption and Assay of drugs Absorption of drugs- various routes of administration of drug- factors that affect absorption- digestion and absorption of protein- digestion of fats- absorption of fats-assay of drugs-chemical assay-biological assay-immunological assay. b) First aid for accidents Important rules of First Aid-cuts, abrasions and bruises-bleeding-fractures- burns-fainting-poisonous bites-first aid box-detection of hallucinogens and poisons-antidotes for poisoning-acid poisoning-alkali poisoning- poisoning-by disinfectants-hallucinogens-atropine-alcohol-mercury poisoning - salicylate poisoning

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c) Causes of common diseases and their treatment by drugs Introduction-some common insect borne diseases –malaria-filariasis- plaque- common air borne diseases, their control and treatment-diphtheria- whooping cough-influenza-measles-mumps-common cold –tuberculosis-some common water -borne diseases like cholera- typhoid-dysentery.

UNIT III (18 hours) (a) Medicinally important Inorganic compounds Compounds of Aluminum- alum, aluminum hydroxide gel, bentonite and aluminum acetate .Compounds of Phosphorus- phosphoric acid and hypo phosphorus acid. Compounds of arsenic- arsenous anhydride, sodium arsenate, aromatic arsenicals, sodium and calcium cocodylate. Compounds of Iron- ferrous fumarate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous sulphate, ferric ammonium citrate and ferrocholinate. Compounds of mercury- yellow mercury oxide, oleated mercury, calomel, mercury with chalk and ammoniated mercury.

(b) Biological role of some Inorganic compounds Sodium and its compounds- potassium and its compounds- calcium and its compounds-therapeutic uses of calcium salt- iodine and its compounds-biological role of iodine and its preparations- copper and its compounds-biological role of copper and its compounds- zinc and its biological role.

UNIT IV (18 hours) (a) Sulphonamides History and development of sulphonamides – properties of sulphonamides – mechanism of action of sulpha drugs – sulphanilamide – sulphadiazine – sulphapyridine – sulphathiazole- prontosil. (structure and application only)

(b) Diabetes and Hypoglycemic drugs Introduction- types of diabetes- control of diabetes-insulin-chemical structure of insulin- preparation and dosage of insulin- oral hypoglycemic agents- suphonyl ureas-tolbutamide-chlorpropamide-glibenclamide-biguanides- phenformin-metformin.

UNIT V (18 hours) Analgesics, Anaesthetics, Antiseptics and Disinfectants (a) Narcotic analgesics Morphine and derivatives- totally synthetic analgesics, pethidines and methadones – antipyretic analgesics – salicylic acid derivatives- indomethacin – para aminophenol derivatives.

(b)Anaesthetics General anaesthetics – volatile general anaesthetics – non-volatile general anaesthetics - vinyl ether – halohydrocarbons – chloroform – halothane – cyclopropane – trichloroethylene- intravenous anaesthetics – thiopentone- sodium propanidid- local anaesthtics- cocaine and its denivatives.

(c) Antiseptics and Disinfectants Distinction between disinfectants and antiseptics – phenols and related compounds – halogen compounds.

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Text book:

1. Jayashree Ghosh ,( 2003) A Text book of pharmaceutical chemistry, S.Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

UNIT I : Chapter 1 PageNo: 1-5; Chapter 2 PageNo: 6-11; Chapter 3 PageNo: 21-39. UNIT II: (a) Chapter 3 PageNo: 41-49; (b) Chapter 5 PageNo: 66-71; (c)Chapter 6 PageNo: 72-75. UNIT III: (a) Chapter 7 PageNo: 82-89; (b)Chapter 8 PageNo: 90-98.

UNIT IV: (a) Chapter 11 PageNo: 135-140; (b) Chapter 14 PageNo: 159-163. UNIT V: (a) Chapter 16 PageNo:169-178; (b) Chapter 17 PageNo: 179-190; (c)Chapter 18 PageNo: 191-195.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SEMESTER I 14PCH1E2 – ELECTIVE – BIOINFORMATICS. (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students to  understand the basic concept of Bioinformatics  know about the use of software’s to draw the chemical structure  carry out interdisciplinary project work  know the importance of drug designing using molecules docking

UNIT-I (18 Hours) Introduction to Bioinformatics : Introduction-Branches of Bioinformatics- Genomics-Transcriptomics- proteomics-systems biology-functional genomics-metabolomics-structural genomics-Nutritional genomics-cheminformatics-molecular phylogency.Aims of Bioinformatics-Data acquisition-tools and Database development-data analysis- Data integration, Scope/Research areas of Bioinformatics-genome and sequence analysis from sequence to 3D structural prediction-analysis of genome wide biomedical data and functional genomics-database building and management- Training activities on Bioinformatics-research and development

UNIT-II (18 Hours) Representation and Manipulation of 3D Molecular structure Introduction, experimental 3D data bases 3D pharmacophores, Implementation of 3D database searching, Theoretical 3D data bases-Structure- generation programs-conformational search and analysis- systematic conformational search-random conformational -other approaches to conformational search –comparison and evaluation of conformational search methods. Methods to derive 3D Pharmacophores- pharmacophore mapping using constrained systematic search- clique detection-maximum likelihood method for pharmacophore Mapping-genetic Algorithm-other approaches to pharmacophore mapping - practical aspects of pharmacophore mapping, Applications of 3D pharmacophore mapping and 3D database searching

UNIT-III (18 Hours) Similarity Methods: Introduction , similarity based on 2D finger prints, similarity coefficients- properties of similarity and distance coefficients –other 2D descriptor methods – maximum common sub graph similarity –reduced graph similarity, 3D similarity- alignment –independent methods –alignment methods – field based alignment

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methods-genomic projection methods –finding the optimal alignment comparison and evaluation of similarity methods.

UNIT-IV (18 Hours) a) Data bases in Bioinformatics : Introduction-biological databases –history of biological databases-features of biological databases-classification scheme of biological databases-biological database retrieval systems b) Biological sequence Databases: Introduction-tools and databases of -NCBI –Database retrieval tool- Sequence submission to NCBI-Bankit-Sequin-BLAST-PSI-BLAST,RPS-BLAST- BLAST-BLAST 2 sequence

UNIT-V (18 Hours) a) Bioinformatics in computer- aided Drug design: Introduction, drug discovery process- historical perspective-hit identification –structural bioinformatics in drug discovery –some basics about in silico drug designing-SAR and QSAR technique in drug design-development of linear –free energy relationships-application of Hammett equation-Hansch equation –application of QUSAR in CADD b) Molecular Docking: Introduction-flexibility calculation- Simulation techniques widely used in molecular docking-M D simulation - software for structure based drug design and molecular docking-A briefing on drug bank- auto dock-steps for flexible docking in auto dock –preparing the ligand and the macromolecule for auto dock-auto grid- auto dock file formats-choose the docking algorithm-viewing conformational clusters by RMSD

* Study material will be provided.

References :

1. Bioinformatics –Principles and applications by Zhumur ghosh & Bibekan and Mallick, Oxford university press I edition (2008) Unit I- Page. No 1-20 Unit IV- Page. No 47-57, 59-69 Unit V- Page. No 329-343 ,348-360 2. An introduction to cheminformatics by Andrew R.Leach &Valerie J.gillet- Springer International Edition, I Edition (2009) Unit II-Page. No 27-52 Unit III-Page. No 99-117

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER II 14PCH21 – ORGANIC CHEMISTRY -II (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No.of credits : 05

Objectives : To enable the students to  understand the principles of UV, IR, NMR spectroscopy and Mass spectrometry  apply UV, IR, PMR & C13 NMR methods in elucidating the structure and identification of organic molecules.  apply the principles of ORD & CD in elucidating the structure of organic molecules.

UNIT I (18 Hours) UV Spectroscopy: Introduction-electronic energy levels-types of electronic transition-Selection rules-designation of UV bands-Absorption laws- chromophores and auxochromes – Bathochromic shift-Hypsochromic shift- Hyperchromic shift-Isobestic point- Factors affecting the position of UV bands–conjugation-steric hinderence on coplanarity-conformation geometry in polyene system-solvent effect – characteristic absorption of organic compounds-Woodward-Fieser rules – Applications of electronic spectroscopy to conjugated dienes, polyenes,  , - unsaturated carbonyl compounds - benzene and its derivatives – stereochemical factors in electronic spectroscopy-Applications of UV spectroscopy.

UNIT II (18 Hours) IR Spectroscopy Introduction - theory- molecular vibrations-vibrational frequency-number of fundamental vibrations- Factors influencing vibrational frequencies –coupled vibrations, Fermi resonance, Hydogen bonding- Electronic effects - inductive effect, mesomeric effect, field effect, conjugation effect - Variation of carbonyl stretching frequency in cycloalkanones due to ring strain, physical state- solvent effect- Finger print region- Interpretation of IR spectra of some organic compounds-Intra and intermolecular factors affecting the carbonyl frequency- applications of IR spectroscopy -Identification of an organic compound, Structure determination, detection of impurities, detection of functional group (qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis -control of reactions and separation of mixtures- distinction of inter and intramolecular hydrogen bonding (effect of dilution)- Study of a chemical reaction- study of complex molecules-study of isomerism in organicchemistry-Conformational analysis-Geometrical isomerism- Rotational isomerism- FT - IR, advantages of FT-IR over dispersive IR.

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UNIT III (18 hours) Mass spectrometry, ORD and CD a) Mass spectrometry Resolution - Base peak - Isotopic peak - metastable peak - parent peak - determination and use of molecular formula- recognition of molecular ion – Fragmentations – General rules – Pattern of fragmentation for various classes of compounds – McLafferty rearrangement – Use of metastable peaks – Fast atom bombardment – Field desorption – Matrix assisted laser desorption. b) ORD and CD – Principle – Cotton effect – type of ORD curves -  - haloketone rule - Octant rule – applications to determine the configuration and conformation of simple monocyclic and bicyclic ketones – comparison of ORD and CD.

UNIT IV (18 hours) H1NMR spectroscopy - Introduction- spin active nuclei- orientation of spinning nuclear magnets- energy absorption and relaxation- NMR solvents- chemical shift – Factors affecting the chemical shift- Equivalence and nonequivalence of protons-Spin–spin coupling – coupling constants – Factors affecting coupling constant-analysis of first order and non first order splitting – Systems containing 2, 3, 4 and 5 interacting nuclei-dependence of coupling constant on dihedral angle – Karplus equation- Vicinal and geminal coupling – Long range coupling- Virtual coupling- Through space coupling-Heteronuclear coupling- Interpretation of PMR spectra -Simplification of complex spectra – chemical techniques - Shift reagents- instrumental techniques- double resonance – INDOR – NOE and its applications. Application of NMR spectroscopy.

UNIT-V: (18 hours) C13 NMR and Spectral Problems 13 13 1 a) C NMR Spectroscopy - Introduction - Comparison of C NMR and H NMR.Low natural abundance of C13 -Chemical shifts-Factors affecting the chemical shifts in C13NMR-simplification of C13 spectra- H1 decoupling – noise decoupling- Off resonance decoupling - Line intensities – chemical shift equivalence - Elementary study of , and - effects - Hybridization of carbon - Resonance effects on C13 chemical shift. Correlation spectroscopy - NOSY, COSY, HETCOR, DEPT Spectroscopy b) Problems involving all the above techniques in Unit I, II ,III and IV.

Text books : UNIT – I 1. Jag Mohan,(2007)Organic Spectroscopy, Principles and applications, Narosa Publishing House Pvt.Ltd., II edition, Chapter 3:Page No.119-129, 133-153, 166-175. UNIT – II 1. Jag Mohan, (2007) Organic Spectroscopy , Principles and applications, Narosa Publishing House Pvt.Ltd., II edition, Chapter 2:Page No.18-104. 2. Y.R.Sharma, (2006), Elementary Organic spectroscopy, S.Chand and company limited, I Edition,Chapter 2 :Page no.65-133. UNIT – III 1. Jag Mohan, (2007),Organic Spectroscopy , Principles and applications, Narosa Publishing House Pvt.Ltd., II edition, Chapter 6:Page No.473-485.

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UNIT – IV 1. Jag Mohan, (2007),Organic Spectroscopy, Principles and applications, Narosa Publishing House Pvt.Ltd., II edition, Chapter 4 : Page No. 187- 197, 200-288. Chapter 4 : Page No.296-306, UNIT – V 1. Jag Mohan, (2007)Organic Spectroscopy , Principles and applications, Narosa Publishing House Pvt.Ltd., II edition, Chapter 4 : Page No 307- 315, Chapter 7 : Page No. 487-524.

Reference Books:

1. W.Kemp, (2008)Organic Spectroscopy , Palgrave publishers limited,III edition. 2. R.M.Silvestein,G.C.Basler & T.C.Morrill (199l), “Spectroscopic Identification of Organic compounds ,John Wiley and sons, V edition. 3. P.Kalsi, (2001) Spectroscopy of Organic compounds, New Age International (p) Ltd., IV edition,

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER II 14PCH22– INORGANIC CHEMISTRY -II (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students to  have an idea about various electro analytical and spectro analytical techniques  have a complete study of chemistry of f-block elements  have an insight into organo metallic chemistry and chemistry of rare elements UNIT-I (18 Hours)

Electro analytical Methods: a) Electro Gravimetry :Theory of electro gravimetric analysis –terms used in electro gravimetry - principle of electrolytic separation of metals - electrolytic separation of metals with controlled cathode potential-constant current electrolysis –determination of Copper by constant current procedure, determination of Copper,Lead &Tin in bearing metal by controlled potential procedure. b) Coulometry: General discussion-coulometry at controlled potential-apparatus and technique-separation of Nickel and Cobalt by Coulometric analysis at controlled potential. Coulometric titrations: General discussion-principle-instrumentation-external generation of titrant- coulometric titrations for estimation of chloride, bromide, iodide and acids. c) Cyclic Voltammetry: Principle – applications. d) Stripping Voltammetry: principles-fundamental features-determination of lead in tap water. e) Amperometry: Amperometric titrations-:principle-advantages-technique of amperometric titrations with the dropping mercury electrode-titration of an iodide solution with Mercury(II) nitrate solution.

UNIT-II (18 Hours)

Spectro Analytical Methods a)Nephelometry and Turbidimetry: General discussion-instrumentation-– determination of sulphate -determination of phosphate.

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b) Spectrofluorimetry: General discussion-quantitative aspects-excited state lifetime- -instrument for fluorimetric analysis- applications of fluorimetry in the determination of quinine, codeine and morphine in a mixture. c) Atomic emission spectroscopy: (i)General discussion-advantages and disadvantages – equipment for emission spectrographic analysis -R.U powder method-qualitative spectrographic analysis of a complex inorganic mixture. (ii)Plasma emission spectroscopy: Introduction- the direct current plasma –the inductively coupled plasma-sample introduction-ICP instrumentation. d)Infrared spectrophotometry: Introduction-apparatus and instruments- the Beer-Lambert relationship in quantitative infrared spectrophotometry- determination of the purity of commercial benzoic acid-determination of acetone in propan-2-ol.

UNIT-III (18 Hours)

Lanthanides and Actinides: a) Chemistry of Lanthanides: Introduction- position in the periodic table- occurrence of lanthanides- extraction of lanthanides from Monazite minerals – separation of lanthanides by fractional crystallization, change of oxidation states, solvent extraction ion-exchange method and chromatographic methods-general properties of lanthanides: Electronic configuration-oxidation states-atomic and ionic radii(lanthanide contraction) , colour and absorption spectra. b) Chemistry of Actinides: Introduction- position in the periodic table- separation of actinide elements-general properties of actinides: Electronic configuration- oxidation states- atomic and ionic radii(actinide contraction) - colour and absorption spectra .

UNIT-IV (18 Hours)

Organometallic Chemistry:Synthesis,Structure and bonding Introduction-synthesis, structure and bonding in nitrosyl complexes, di nitrogen complexes,metal alkyls,carbenes,carbynes and carbides alkyl complexes , non aromatic alkene and alkyne complexes, allyl and pentadienyl complexes. Metallocenes: Structures of cyclopentadienyl compound(Ferrocene) – covalent versus ionic bonding-synthesis of cyclopentadienyl compounds-arene complexes- cycloheptatriene and Tropylium complexes. Organometallic compounds of main group elements and their structure and bonding.

UNIT- V (18 Hours)

Chemistry of Rare Elements: Periodic discussion- occurrence- isolation– purification- properties, technical applications and analytical chemistry of the following metals. i) Rubidium ii) Radium iii)Thorium iv) Ruthenium v) Rhodium vi)Palladium vii) Osmium and viii) Iridium.

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Text Books:

Unit I 1. G.H.Jeffery, J.Bassett,J.Mendham,R.C.Denny,(1997), Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis , ELBS with Longmann,V edition, Chapter-12- Page no, 503-518, .529-547. Chapter-16- Page no,621-629, 631-632. 2. Douglas A.Skoog, DonaldM.West,F.JamesHolleer,StanelyR.Crouch,(2005), Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry,Thomson Brooks/Cole,VIII edition.Chapter23-Page No.694-697.

Unit II 1. G.H.Jeffery,J.Bassett,J.Mendham,R.C.Denny,(1997), Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, ELBS with Longmann,V edition,Chapter-17- Page no,726-730 , . Chapter-18- Page no,731-740, Chapter-20- Page no,758— 767 ,741-747,752-757 &770-778.

Unit III 1. Wahid U. Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan ,(2007), Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry , S.Chand&company Ltd, Chapter-9- Page no-274-304, Chapter-10- Page no-311-331.

Unit IV 1. J.E.Huheey & etal., (2007)Inorganic Chemistry, Principles of Structure and Reactivity , Dorling Kindersley (India ) Pvt Ltd, IV edition, Chapter-18 ,Page no-601-630.

Unit V 1. H.D.Mathur and O.P.Tandon(1986) ,Chemistry of Rare Elements ,S.Chand & Co., Page no 1-10,31-38,87-94,198-230.

REFERENCES:

1. F.A.Cotton and G.Wilkinson,(1998) Advanced Inorganic Chemistry - John Wiley & sons,Newyork, , IV edition. 2. A.G.Sharpe,(2007),Inorganic Chemistry,Addision Wesly India edition, III edition.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER II 14PCH23 – PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY -II (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students to  understand the concepts of wave mechanics.  apply the Principles of quantum chemistry to atomic and molecular systems and to obtain their energies  know about the importance and significance of electrochemistry and its applications.  get knowledge about computer applications in Chemistry.

Unit – I (18hours) a) Operators: Introduction – addition and subtraction of operator – multiplication of operators – linear operator – commutator – vector operator – Laplacian – Hermitian and unitary operators - eigen functions and eigen values - normalization and orthogonality - setting up of operators for different observables - time independent Schrodinger wave equation. b) Wave mechanics of some simple systems : One dimensional box –– three dimensional box – electron in a ring – the rigid rotator.

Unit – II (18hours) a) Applications of Schrödinger Wave Equation One dimensional simple harmonic oscillator - Hydrogen like atoms - probability density in 1s atomic orbital - shape of atomic orbitals – electron spin b) Approximation methods Introduction - general time-independent perturbation theory – application of perturbation method (Hydrogen and Helium) –Variation theorem – application of variation method (Hydrogen and Helium). The wave function of many electron systems – helium atom and many electron atom – Hartee self-consistent field methods. c) Molecular orbital and Valence Bond theories for Diatomic molecules Introduction – Born-Oppenheimer approximation – molecular orbital theory – the Hydrogen molecule ion, the Hydrogen molecule. Valence bond method.

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Unit – III (18hours) ELECTROCHEMISTRY- I Electrolytic conductance of solutions: Applications of direct conductance measurements – conductivity of strong electrolyte solutions, conductivities of melted and solid electrolytes. Theory of electrolytic conductance – variation of ionic speeds – the degree of dissociation – the ionic atmosphere – time relaxation of ionic atmosphere – mechanism of electrolytic conductance - Debye-Huckel Onsager equation – validity of Debye Huckel Onsager equation – deviations from the Onsager equation – dispersion of conductance at high frequencies – conductance with high potential gradients. Equilibrium constant and free energy changes – activities of electrolytes - the ionic strength – Debye Huckel theory – Debye Huckel Limiting law – Debye Huckel equation for appreciable concentration –Huckel-Bronsted equation, verification of the Debye-Huckel equation. Theories of electrical double layer, zeta potential.

Unit – IV (18hours) ELECTROCHEMISTRY II a) Electrode Processes: Non-equilibrium electrode potentials – electrode kinetics – the Butler- Volmer equation, the Tafel equation – electrolysis and overvoltage – activation overvoltage – resistance overvoltage – concentration overvoltage – hydrogen and oxygen overvoltage – theories of hydrogen overvoltage. polarography. b) Corrosion: Corrosion – electrochemical theory of corrosion - types of corrosion – pitting corrosion, uniform corrosion, stress corrosion, intergranular corrosion, waterline corrosion, microbiological corrosion and erosion corrosion. Corrosion prevention – electrical methods, methods based on treatment of metals, methods based on treatment of medium, methods based on external influence, combined methods.

Unit – V COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN CHEMISTRY (18hours) a) Fundamentals of C Language Introduction – characters – variables – constants-operators – statements – files. b) C Programs in Chemistry 1. Program for computation of the values of vander Waal’s constant. 2. Program for computation of values of collision number and mean free path. 3. Program to compute the values for equivalent and molar conductance. 4. Program for computation of values of reduced mass and the moment of inertia. 5. Program for computation of rotational energy. 6. Program for computation of rotational constant. PG CHEM - 30

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7. Program for computation of translational energy for the particle in a one dimensional box. 8. Program to compute the value of coefficient of viscosity n the basis of Poisulle’s equation. 9. Program for computation of value of b and hence to find out the value of

ni on the basis of Boltzmann’s statistics. 10. Program for the computation of number average and weight average molecular weight s of a polymer. Text Books:

Unit I & II 1. A.K.Chandra, (1988), Introductory Quantum chemistry - Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company New Delhi, IV edition. Chapter: 1, Page Number: 3 – 5. Chapter: 2, Page Number: 10 -19.

Chapter: 3, Page Number: 39 – 55. Chapter: 4, Page Number: 82 – 97, 100 – 102 Chapter: 5, Page Number: 109 – 120 Chapter: 6, Page Number: 138 – 148 Chapter: 7, Page Number: 182 - 210

Unit III 1. B.K.Sharma, (1997-98), Electrochemistry, GOEL Publishing House, V edition. Chapter: 7, Page Number: 59 - 60 2. S.Glasstone, (2005), An introduction to Electrochemistry- Van Nostrand Co. Inc., New York, East – West student edition. Chapter: 3, Page Number: 79-94, 101 – 105 Chapter: 5, Page Number: 131 – 148.

Unit IV 1. D.R.Crow, (1988), Principles and applications of Electrochemistry, Chapmann and Hall Ltd, II edition. Chapter: 8, Page Number: 181 - 212 2. B.K.Sharma, (1997-98), Electrochemistry, GOEL Publishing House, V edition. Chapter: 33, Page Number: 453 - 455, 461 – 476

Unit V 1. Kishor Arora, (2004), Computer Applications in Chemistry, Anmol publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, I edition. Chapter: 6, Page Number: 143 - 171 Chapter:7, Page Number: 172 – 215.

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Reference Books: Unit I & II 1. I. N. Levin, (2000), Allyn and Bacon, Quantum Chemistry - Boston, V edition. 2. R.K.Prasad, (2006), Quantum Chemistry - Wiley Eastern Limited, III edition. 3. D.A.McQuarrie, (1983), Quantum Chemistry - Oxford University Press, IV edition.

Unit III 1. J.O.M.Bockris and A. K. N. Reddy, (2006), Modern Electrochemistry vol. I & II - Plenum Press, New York, III edition. 2. D.R.Crow, (1988), Principle and Application of Electrochemistry - Chapman and Hall, II edition. Unit IV 1. S.Glasstone, (2005), An Introduction to Electrochemistry- Van Nostrand Co. Inc., New York, East – West student edition. 2. J.O.M.Bockris and A. K. N. Reddy, (2006), Modern Electrochemistry vol. I & II - Plenum Press, New York, III edition.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY SEMESTER II – PG ELECTIVE 14PCH2E – SAFETY FIREWORKS (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students to  understand the importance of fireworks industry.  understand the basic principles of Fireworks.  have an idea about crackers.  know about safety measures

UNIT-I (18 Hours) INTRODUCTION History of the Fireworks Industry in India. Fireworks –Principles and Practice ,Do’s and Don’ts , points to remember, useful points. History of Rocketry in India – engagements in which rockets appeared. Glossary of common terms used in fireworks industry.

UNIT-II (18 Hours)

INGREDIENTS OF FIREWORKS Ingredients of Fireworks – properties and their role – aluminium , barium nitrate , calcium carbonate , sulphur , charcoal , clay , dextrin , potassium chlorate , phosphorous , iron fillings, potassium nitrate , magnesium , strontium nitrate , strontium carbonate , barium carbonate , copper powder and Paris green. Chemical risks in health. Chemical safety.

UNIT-III (18 Hours)

SIMPLE ANALYTICAL TEST & METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OF FIREWORKS Analytical Test – physical appearance – test for nitrate, chlorate, aluminium, barium, copper, iron, magnesium, potassium, strontium, phosphorous and titanium. Method of Manufacturing – general method of manufacturing of gun powder , quick matches, rocket, toy caps, snakes, chinese crackers , maroons, lances, flower pot , chakkarams, sparklers ,parachute, waterfalls, smoke, Roman candles and Bengal lights.

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UNIT-IV (18 Hours)

GENERAL REGULATIONS GOVERNING ALL EXPLOSIVES Basic principles – general regulations – danger area – explosives in transit – protective clothing and hygiene – operational difficulties – maintenance and repair in explosive buildings. Recommendations for the maintenance and operation of a fireworks factory. How to play fireworks safely, how to store and sell fireworks safely, steps to be observed before display and during display.

UNIT-V (18 Hours) General Guidelines for good house keeping in working operations and fire prevention and control.

Introduction – work places and equipment –use lists – cleaning. Operation instructions. Training – periodic review and updating. Safety survey – safety audits – object of safety audit – guidelines for safety audit teams. Operating procedure – explosive licenses – training. Operator training – maintenance and inspection – general review of process and hazards. Personal protective equipments. Fire prevention – definition of terms – house keeping , protective considerations in building design , organizing for fire protection .Classification of fires – classification of fire extinguisher– procedure to be followed when an emergency fire has started – control of emergencies – preparation for control.

Reference: 1.Ghosh, K.N., (1988) “ Principles of Fireworks”. Economic enterprise ,Ahmedabad, IEdition. 2.A.Chelladurai, “Fireworks Principles and Practise” 3.A.Chelladurai, “ History of the Fireworks in India” 4.Standard Fireworks Ltd., Sivakasi, “General Regulations Governing all Explosives Manufacturing Establishments” . *Study material will be provided.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER II 14PCH2L- ORGANIC ESTIMATION AND ANALYSIS (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 6 Total number of hours per semester: 90 No. of credits : 04

Objectives : To enable the students to  estimate the organic compounds quantitatively.  separate the components in a organic mixture and to analyse them.  separate the organic compounds by chromatographic methods.  identify the organic compounds by spectrofluorimetry.  know the FT-IR spectral interpretation of the organic compounds. I . Organic Estimations : a) Estimation of ethyl methyl ketone b) Estimation of acetone. c) Estimation of ascorbic acid II Separation and analysis a) Separation of organic mixture and analysis (Eight Mixtures) *b) FT-IR spectral interpretation of separated organic compounds *III Separation of Organic mixture by Chromatographic methods: (Demo Only) a) Column Chromatography b) Thin layer Chromatography c) Paper circular chromatography d) Paper ascending chromatography *IV Identification of Organic Compounds by Spectrofluorimetry- a) Determination of Quinine b) Determination of Vitamin-B1 (Thiamine) c) Determination of Vitamin-B2 (Riboflavin)

* For Internal Assessment only

Reference Books: 1. A.I.Vogel, (1987),Elementary Practical Organic Chemistry, Part III- Quantitative organic analysis- Longmann London,IV Edition. 2. A.I.Vogel, (1987) Textbook of practical Organic chemistry, ELBS and Longmann London, III edition. 3. J.Bassett, C.Denney, H.Jeffery and J.Mendham (1986),Vogel’s textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis- IV Edition, Page No. 777. 4. B.B .Dey and M.V.Sitaraman T.R.Govindachari, (1992) Laboratory manual of Organic chemistry, Allied Publishers, IV Edition , ,Chapter 8, Page no. 194-209.

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5. Dr.H.Kaur,(2003),Instrumental methods of chemical analysis, Pragathi Prakashan Publishers, II Edition, , Chapter 22,Page No. 555-556. 6. Raj K.Bansal,(1994),Laboratory manual of organic chemistry, Wiley Eastern Limited, III edition, Chapter 8, page no. 251-256. 7. V.Venkateshwaran, R.Veerasamy, A.R.Kulandaivelu, Sultanchand & sons,(2005),Basic principles of practical chemistry, educational publishers, II edition, page no. 258-298. 8. J.N.Gurtu and R.Kapoor, (1982), Advanced experimental chemistry, vol. III, organic, S.Chand and company limited, II edition, Delhi, Page no. 342- 354. 9. Jag Mohan, (2007), Organic Spectroscopy, Principles and applications,Narosa Publishing House Pvt.Ltd. Publishers, II edition.

TOTAL NO. OF SESSIONS – 15 (15 X 6 = 90 Hrs) No. of Nature of work Sessions

Regular practical 15

Revision 1

Model 1

Viva voce 1

Total 18

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III 14PCH31 – ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - III (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05 Objectives: To enable the students to  study about the reaction mechanism.  know about substitution ,elimination and addition reaction and their mechanisms.  study about the photochemical reaction.  To know about the pericyclic reactions.

UNIT I (18 Hours)

Reaction mechanism and Energy Correlation : Basic principle of reaction-formation and stability of reactive intermediates – free radicals - carbenes – nitrenes - carbocations – methods of determination of reaction mechanism – kinetic and thermodynamic control of chemical reactions – kinetic and non-kinetic methods of determining organic reaction mechanism – principle of microscopic reversibility – energy profile diagram for all types of reactions – Hammond postulate-addition compounds-EDA complexes- Crown ether complexes- inclusion compounds - Quantitative treatment of effects of structure on reactivity- Hammett relationship-significance of reaction and substituent constants- application of Hammett equation in reaction mechanism-limitations and deviation- Taft equation.

UNIT II (18 Hours) a) Aliphatic nucleophilic substitution and Elimination : Nucleophilicity and basicity – SN1 & SN2 mechanisms – effect of substrate structure – effect of the reaction medium – Ambident nucleophiles – Ambident substrates – symphoria – neighbouring group participation of n, &  electrons – SNi mechanism – nucleophilic substitution at an allylic and vinylic carbons. Aliphatic electrophilic substitution – electrophilic substitution at a saturated Carbon – SE1,SE2 & SEi mechanism. b) Elimination : -elimination, - elimination – E1,E2 and ElCB mechanisms – stereochemical effect – effect of changes in the substrate, base, leaving group and medium on E1,E2 and E1CB reactions – elimination vs substitution – pyrolytic cis eliminations – Bredt’s rule.

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UNIT III (18 Hours) Addition to multiple bonds and carbonyl compounds: Electrophilic, nucleophilic and free radical additions – addition to conjugated systems – orientation of the addendum -stereochemical factors in reactions like addition of hydrogen, hydrogen halide, hypohalous acids , hydroboration and hydroxylation – epoxidation –addition of carbenes and carbenoids to double and triple bonds. Addition to , - unsaturated carbonyl groups – Michael addition – addition of Grignard reagents to , - unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Diels – Alder reaction . Addition to carbonyl groups – mechanism – Aldol condensation – Perkin reaction – Knoevenagal reaction – Mannich reaction – Cannizaro reaction – Benzoin condensation – Claisen Ester condensation – Darzen’s reaction – Reformatsky reaction – Wittig reaction

UNIT IV (18 Hours) a) Photochemistry: Introduction-Laws of Photochemistry-comparison of Dark and photochemical reactions-Fundamental concepts-photochemical processes- Jablonski diagram- Quantum yield- energy transfer – sensitization-quenching - characteristics of photochemical reactions -Phosphorescence– Fluorescence-photoreductions and photo oxidation .

b) Photochemical Reactions: photo reactions of carbonyl compounds–Reactivity of electronically excited ketones-Representation of excited states of ketones, Norrish type- I, Norrish type -II reactions.-Reactivity of -*excited ketones- photochemical reactions of cyclic ketones- ,-unsaturated ketones.Photochemistry of olefins, Dimerisation reactions- photochemistry of Butadiene- Barton reaction – Paterno Buchi reaction.

UNIT V (18 Hours) Pericyclic reactions: Pericyclic reactions –Introduction- conservation of molecular orbital symmetry- symmetry properties of molecular orbitals- concerted reactions – orbital symmetry and correlation diagram approach – Frontier Molecular orbital approach – Woodward Hoffmann rule – electrocyclic reactions –Correlation diagram and FMO method-stereo chemical modes of cycloaddition-suprafacial and antarafacial processes-selection rules- sigmatropic rearrangements-FMO method-suprafacial and antarafacial processes-analysis of sigmatropic rearrangements-applications of PMO method to pericyclic reactions.

Text books :

UNIT – I : 1. Peter Sykes,(1984) ,Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman,VI Edition, Chapter XIII-.page No:345-370 2. Jerry March,(2007), Advanced Organic Chemistry, Wiley and Sons Pvt Ltd,, IV Edition, Chapter V&VI ,.page No :165-174,186-204,214- 215,217-230. 3. H.Pine, J.B.Hendrickson, D.J. Cram and G.S. Hammond, (1980),Organic Chemistry, McGraw Hill Kogakusha Ltd., Tokyo, IV Edition, ChapterVIII-Page No :325-326 PG CHEM - 38

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4. R.T.Morrison and R.N.Boyd,(1995),Organic Chemistry, Prentice-Hall, VI Edition, ChapterII-Page No:51-53,ChapterXIII- 473-478.

UNIT II : 1. Jerry March,(2007), Advanced Organic chemistry, Wiley and Sons Pvt Ltd, IV Edition,Chapter X, Page No :326-330,335-360 ,365-369. Chapter XII, Page No:569-577. 2. Gurdeep R. Chatwaal,(1993), Reaction Mechanism & Reagents in Organic Chemistry., Himalaya Publishing House , New Delhi , IV Edition, ChapterVIII - Page No:407-420, Chapter X-446-472.

UNIT III: 1. Gurdeep R. Chatwaal,(1993), Reaction Mechanism & Reagents inOrganic Chemistry., Himalaya Publishing House , New Delhi , IV Edition, ChapterVII -Page No :346-369, ChapterXV-593-598,607-623, 640- 642,644-649,654-661,670-680,691-696.

UNIT IV : 1. S.M.Mukherji and S.P.Singh, (1998) Reaction Mechanism in organic Chemistry, (1998),Macmillan India Ltd,III Edition, ChapterXIII &XIV- .page No:338-341. 2. M.G.Arora,(2004), Organic Photochemistry and Pericyclic reactions, Anmol publications Pvt. Ltd.,New Delhi,I Edition, Page No:1-6, 9-14,30- 52,60-82,86-94,99-102. UNIT V: 1. M.Mukherji and S.P.Singh, (1998) Reaction Mechanism in organic Chemistry, (1998),Macmillan India Ltd,III Edition, ChapterXIII &XIV- page No:361-372. 2. M.G.Arora,(2004), Organic Photochemistry and Pericyclic reactions, Anmol publications Pvt. Ltd.,New Delhi,I Edition, Page No:103-124, 138-176.

Reference books : 1. Jerry March,(2007), Advanced Organic chemistry, Wiley and Sons Pvt Ltd, IV Edition,Chapter X, page No :293-330 . 2. P.S.Kalsi , (2005),Organic Reaction Mechanism, Wiley Eastern Ltd, II Edition,ChapterV-Page No:155-188 , ChapterXI-379-391. 3. C.H.Depuy and O.L.Chapman ,(1975), Molecular reactions and photochemistry, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited,New Delhi ,I Edition, ChapterIII-.page No:29-38 ,ChapterIV-44-63, ChapterVI-84-125.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III 14PCH32 – INORGANIC CHEMISTRY- III (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students to  have an in depth study of bonding in co-ordination compounds and their reaction mechanisms.  know about the spectral applications for the structural elucidation of inorganic compounds.  to have an idea about nanochemistry

UNIT-I (18 Hours) Coordination chemistry I a) Crystal field theory- Introduction- crystal field effects - Octahedral symmetry- crystal field stabilization energy-tetrahedral symmetry-tetragonal symmetry: square planar complexes-factors affecting the magnitude of Δ - applications of crystal field theory. b) Molecular Orbital Theory: Introduction - octahedral complexes –tetrahedral and square planar complexes - Tetragonal distortion from octahedral symmetry - effect of Jahn Teller distortion-charge transfer spectra-magnetic properties of complexes.

UNIT-II (18 Hours) Coordination chemistry II Substitution reactions in Octahedral complexes: Mechanism of substitution in octahedral complexes – reaction rates influenced by acid and base. Mechanism of redox reactions: Outer sphere mechanisms-inner sphere mechanisms. Electronic spectra of complexes – Introduction- Orgel and Tanabe– Sugano diagrams – calculation of 10Dq and B for Co (III) and Cr(III) complexes – Substitution reactions in square planar complexes : Introduction- trans-effect – mechanism of nucleophilic substitution in square planar complexes- thermodynamic and kinetic stability.

UNIT-III (18 Hours) Application of IR, Raman and photoelectron spectroscopy a) Application of IR and Raman Spectra: Application of IR and Raman spectra the study of metal carbonyls and nitrosyls - geometrical and linkage isomerism - detection of inter and intra molecular hydrogen bonding.

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b) Photoelectron Spectroscopy Introduction-excitation and ejection of electrons- electron energy levels in atoms and molecules –core level Photoelectron Spectroscopy-core level photoionisation process- chemical shifts- valence electron Photoelectron spectroscopy – Photoelectron spectroscopy of HBr , HCl ,HI, O2 and N2 – Structural information from valence shell PES.

UNIT-IV (18 Hours) Nano chemistry a) Synthesis and properties of nano materials: Introduction Methods of synthesis : chemical methods, thermolysis, pulsed laser methods. Properties of individual nanoparticles : Introduction - metal nanoclusters- magnetic clusters –bulk to nanotransition -semi conducting nanoparticles – optical properties –photo fragmentation. b)Carbon nanomaterial: Carbon nanotubes-fabrication-structure-electrical properties-vibrational properties-applications of carbon nanotubes-fuel cells and chemical sensors.

UNIT-V (18 Hours) Inorganic Photochemistry Elementary ideas on the photosystems I and II – photochemistry of Cr(III), Co(III) and Ru(II) – coordination compounds – photoaquation – photoanation – photoisomerisation – photo redox reactions – charge transfer photochemistry – photosensitation – Ruthenium polypyridyl complexes in solar energy conversion – photogalvanic cell - splitting of water to evolve hydrogen and oxygen – photochemistry of Pt(II) and Pt(IV) complexes.

Reference books: Unit I 1. J.E.Huheey, E.A.Keiter, R.L.Keiter and Okhil K Medhi (2007), Inorganic Chemistry Principles of structure and Reactivity, Addition Wesley Publishing company, IV edn., New York, Chapter: 11 Page No. 424- 452. Unit II 1. J.E.Huheey, E.A.Keiter and R.L.Keiter, and Okhil K Medhi (2007), Inorganic Chemistry – Principles of structure and Reactivity, Addition Wesley Publishing company, IV edn., New York.Chapter: 17Page No: 542 –551,554- 563,565-568 Chapter:15 Page No : 461- 492. Unit III 1. F.A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, (1988), Advanced Inorganic Chemistry - John Wiley & sons, III edition. Chapter 22 – page: 683 – 697, 713 - 717 2. E.A.V.Ebsworth, D.W.H.Rankin and S.Gaddock, (1987), Structural methods in Inorganic Chemistry, ELBS Black well Scientific publications, ELBS edition. Chapter 6– Page No. 239-249, 253 – 262. Unit IV 1. Charles P.Poole Jr. and Franck J.Owens, (reprint 2009), Introduction to Nanotechnology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Canada,I edition, Chapter 4 –Page No.72 to 101, Chapter 5- page114 to 129. Unit V 1. W.Adamson, Paul.D.Fleischauer, (1975), Concepts of Inorganic Photochemistry, A Wiley interscience publications.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY-SEMESTER III 14PCH33 – PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY -III (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 04 Objectives: To enable the students to  have an idea of symmetries of molecules and to apply group theory to spectroscopy and molecular problems.  get an insight into the principles of molecular spectroscopy  get a clear idea about various spectroscopic techniques and their applications.

Unit I (18hours) Group Theory: a) Molecular symmetry elements and symmetry operations: Introduction- symmetry elements and symmetry operations, Group postulates and types of groups, multiplication table, subgroups and classes. b) Point groups:

Point group classifications- Cn,Cnv, Cnh, Sn and Dnh point groups of molecules, point groups of dihedral, tetrahedral, octahedral and linear molecules, identification of the point groups of the molecules. Isomorphism. c) Reducible and irreducible representations: Matrix representations of symmetry operations- rotations, reflection, improper rotation, inversion and identity operation. Reducible and irreducible representations- Great Orthogonality theorem, properties of irreducible representations, Construction of character tables for point groups -C2v, C3 and C3v group

UnitII (18hours) Application of group theory to spectroscopy and molecular problems: The relationship between reducible and irreducible representations - hybrid - orbitals for the sigma bonds in [PtCl4] and CH4. Symmetry of normal modes of vibration - representations for vibrational modes in H2O, NH3 and BF3. Application of spectral selection rules for vibrational IR and Raman spectra, mutual exclusion rule for molecules with centre of symmetry, selection rule for electronic transitions in simple molecules (formaldehyde ). Delocalisation energies of systems containing π – electrons- molecular orbital theory, symmetry factoring of secular equations (tran-1,3-butadiene only), delocalisation energies for cyclic π systems (benzene only) .

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UnitIII (18hours) Molecular spectroscopy I: a) Introduction- Introduction to regions of spectrum. Einstein’s absorption and emission coefficient b) Microwave Spectroscopy: The rotation of molecules-rotational spectra of rigid diatomic molecules-the effect of isotopic substitution. Rotational spectroscopy of polyatomic molecules linear molecules, symmetric and asymmetric top molecules. c) IR spectroscopy: Vibrational energy of diatomic molecules-simple harmonic oscillator- anharmonic oscillator- spectra of diatomic vibrating rotator- vibrational spectra of polyatomic molecules - definition of normal modes and normal co- ordinates, overtones, combination and difference bands. Fermi resonance. Basic concepts of FT – IR, advantages of FT-IR over dispersive measurements.

Unit – IV (18hours) Molecular spectroscopy II a) Raman spectroscopy: Quantum theory of Raman effect-classical theory of Raman effect-Pure rotational Raman spectra - linear molecules, symmetric top molecules, spherical top molecules- rule of mutual exclusion - vibrational Raman spectra- rotational fine structure b) Electronic spectroscopy: Electronic spectra of diatomic molecules – Born Oppenheimer approximation - vibrational coarse structure-Franck-Condon principle-dissociation energy and dissociation products- rotation fine structure of electronic vibrational spectra, Fortrat diagram- dissociation and predissociation. c) Photoelectron spectroscopy: Basic principles- X-ray and UV photoelectron spectroscopies.

Unit–V (18hours) Molecular spectroscopy III a) H1NMR Spectroscopy –Spin and an applied field-the nature of spinning particles-interaction between spin and a magnetic field-population of energy levels-the Larmor precession- relaxation times- chemical shift, spin-spin splitting- double resonance techniques- lanthanide shift reagents-NOE. b) ESR Spectroscopy – Principle- positions of ESR absorption: g factor - hyperfine splitting- zero field splitting in ESR. c) NQR Spectroscopy- Principle of NQR spectroscopy-parameters of NQR-two dimensional NQR spectroscopy. Text Books: Units I 1. V.Ramakrishnan and M.S.Gopinath,(2007),Group Theory In Chemistry, Vishal Publications, II edition, New Delhi. Chapter1-Page numbers: 1-13, Chapter2- Page numbers : 14-27, 25-26 Chapter3- Page numbers: 47-56 Chapter4- Page numbers 57-62 Reference book 1. F.A.Cotton,( 2006), Chemical Applications Of Group Theory,John- Wiley &Sons, Singapore, III edition.

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Unit II: Text Books: 1. K.V.Raman,( XII Reprint 2004), Group Theory And Its Applications To Chemistry, TataMcGraw- Hill Publishing company Ltd, New Delhi,. Chapter5- Page numbers 69-70,74- 78 Chapter6- Page numbers: 79- 86 Chapter8- Page numbers: 104-105,109-114 Chapter10- Page numbers: 129-146

Reference book: 1.F.A.Cotton,( 2006), Chemical Applications Of Group Theory-John- Wiley &Sons, Singapore, III edition. 2.V.Ramakrishnan and M.S.Gopinath,( Reprint.2007), Group Theory In Chemistry, Vishal Publications,New Delhi, II edition.

Unit III, IV and V: Text Books: 1. C.N.Banwell and E.M.McCash,( 1996), Fundamentals Of Molecular Spectroscopy, TataMcGraw Hill Publishing company Ltd, New Delhi, IV edition. Unit III Chapter1- Page numbers: 5-9 Chapter2-Page numbers: 31-51 Chapter3-Page numbers: 55-66, 71-82, 93-96 Unit IV: Chapter4- Page numbers 100-116, Chapter6- Page numbers 162-175, Chapter6- Page numbers 194-197 Unit V Chapter7- Page numbers: 199-208,215-228,232- 234, 245-250 and 253-255.

2. B.F.Straughan and Walker (eds),(1976), Spectroscopy Volume 1, 2 & 3 Chapman Hall Unit V:.Page numbers: 175-183

Reference books: 1. PeterAtkins and Julio de Paula,( 2006) , Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press- VIII edition. 2. B.F.Straughan and Walker(1976), Spectroscopy Volume 1, 2 & 3 Chapman Hall

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III 14PCH3L – PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 04 Objectives : To enable the students to  develop knowledge about quantitative estimations  get training in using conductivity bridge and potentiometer,  get an idea about sdsorption experiments..  know the application of UV-Visible spectrophotometer.

1. CONDUCTOMETRIC EXPERIMENTS i) Acid base titrations:NH4Cl – NaOH – Mixture of acids ii) Displacement titrations: NH4Cl - NaOH - mixture of HCl and NH4Cl iii) Precipitation Titrations: K2SO4 – BaCl2 – K2SO4 iv) Determination of solubility product. v) Determination of dissociation constant of a weak acid (Acetic acid)

2.ADSORPTION STUDIES

vi) Adsorption of oxalic acid on charcoal vii) Adsorption of acetic acid on charcoal

3. POTENTIOMETRIC EXPERIMENTS a) Precipitation titrations: viii) Silver nitrate Vs Halide mixture xi) Silver nitrate Vs potassium chloride b) Redox titrations: x) Potassium permanganate Vs Potassium iodide xi) Ceric ammonium sulphate Vs Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate. xii) Potassiumdichromate Vs Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate xii) Determination of solubility product c) Determination of dissociation constant of a weak acid (Acetic Acid) d) Determination of pH of buffer solutions.

3. SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

xvi) Verification of Beer – Lambert’s law. xvii) Determination of unknown concentration of given solutions. xviii) Identification and interpretation of the spectra of some molecules.

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S.No NO.OFSESSIONS NATURE OF ALLOTTED(30 session X 3 WORK hours) 1 Demonstration 2 Regular 25 2 practical class Revision 2 3 Exam 4 Model Exam 1 30 TOTAL

Reference: J.N.Gurtu, R.Kapoor,(1980),Advanced Experimental Chemistry, S.Chand and Company Ltd, IIedition.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M. Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III 14PCH3E – ELECTIVE – MATERIALS SCIENCE. (For those admitted in June 2014and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students to  have an idea about materials science  know about recent topics like nanophase materials, biomaterials, advanced ceramics, composites and nano materials.

Unit I Introduction and Properties of materials (18 hours)

Introduction- properties of materials- physical, mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical and optical properties. Selection criteria-operating parameters, manufacturing process, functional requirements, cost consideration. Classification of engineering materials.

UNIT II Conducting Materials (18 hours)

a) Semi conductors : Introduction – elemental semi conductors , compound semi conductors ,oxide semi conductors .Chemical bonds and energy band diagram in semiconductors like silicon and germanium –intrinsic semi conductors – extrinisic semi conductors – n- type and p- type semiconductors– variation of electrical conductivity with temperature in extrinsic semiconductors –determination of type of semiconductor.

(b) Super conducting materials: Introduction – type I and type II super conductors- high temperature super conductors - applications of superconductor– SQUID, cryotron, and levitation.

Unit III Modern Engineering Materials –I (18 hours)

(a) Metallic glasses- Introduction – glass formation – melt spinning - structure – properties and applications of metallic glasses.

(b) Shape memory alloys(SMA) : Introduction – working of shape memory alloys – examples – application of SMA- advantages and disadvantages.

(c) Polymers: Introduction – degree of polymerisation– mechanism of polymerisation –additives to polymers.

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Unit IV Modern Engineering Materials II (18 hours)

(a) Biomaterials : Introduction – metals and alloys in biomaterials- ceramic biomaterials – composite biomaterials – polymer biomaterials– biopolymers – tissue grafts– soft tissue applications. Bio materials in ophthamology – dental materials. (b) Advanced ceramics: Processing of advanced ceramic materials- properties and application of some advanced ceramic materials. (c) Composite materials: Introduction –classification of composites based on reinforcement–composite and conventional material – law of mixtures – matrix and reinforcement.

Unit V Modern Engineering Materials III (18 hours)

(a) Nanophase Materials – Introduction – techniques for synthesis of nanophase materials –sol-gel synthesis- electro deposition –inert gas condensation – mechanical alloying – properties of nanophase materials- application of nanophase materials.

(b) Carbon nanotube–Fabrication– arc method–pulsed laser deposition–chemical vapour synthesis–structure–properties and applications.

Study material will be provided

Text Book :

1. Dr.S.Jeyakumar, (2002), Materials Science, R.K. Publishers, II Edition, Reprint.

UNIT I & UNIT II CHAPTER 2- b) 2.37-2.43(Page number 101-108) CHAPTER 3- c) 3.1-3.5(Page number 124-128) 3.14-3.15 (Page number 140-141) 3.20(Page number 144-145) 3.25(Page number 149-150) 3.38(Page number 161-162) UNIT III CHAPTER 6- a)6.1-6.57(Page number 345-348) b)6.6-6.11(Page number 350-357) c)6.12-6.17(Page number 358-363) UNIT IV CHAPTER 6- a) 6.22-6.31(Page number 367-373) b)6.37-6.40(Page number 383-389) c)6.49-6.54(Page number 398-403) UNIT V CHAPTER 6- a) 6.32-6.36(Page number 374-380) b) Materials will be provided.

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Reference Books : 1. Laurence H.Van Vlack, (1998 )Elements of Materials Science and Engineering, Addision – Wesley Publishing Company VI Edition,. 2. Dr.V.Rajendran & Dr. A.Marikani ,(2004 )Materials Science, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Co.,limited, I Edition 3. T.Pradeep, (2008)NANO:The Essentials, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Co. limited,. I Edition 4. V.Raghavan,( 2005) Materials Science and Engineering, ,Prentice Hall India Private Limited, New Delhi, V Edition. 4. K.G.Aswani, (2007),A Text Book of Materials Science, S.Chand &Company Limited, Second Revised Edition,

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER IV 14PCH41 – ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - IV (For those admitted in June 2014and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90

No. of credits : 05 Objectives: To enable the students to  study about the chemistry of antibiotics.  know the chemistry of amino acids and proteins.  know the synthetic utility of reagents.  understand the principles of various synthetic methods.  study about the basic principles & applications of green chemistry.

UNIT-I (18 Hours) a) Antibiotics:Introduction- Structure, stereochemistry & synthesis of penicillins, streptomycin, cephalosporin-C, chloramphenical, tetracyclines-Aureomycin, Terramycin,Patulin, macrolides, erythromycin, rifamycin & dactinomycin. b) Aminoacids and proteins: Classification of proteins- peptides - structure of peptides- synthesis of peptides- chemistry of glutathione and oxytocin – an elementary treatment of enzymes, coenzymes and nucleic acids - biosynthesis of aminoacids - RNA and protein synthesis- genetic code - DNA and determination of the base sequence of DNA.

UNIT-II (18 Hours) Synthetic reagents : a) Oxidation reactions involing CrO3, SeO2, lead tetraacetate, Osmium tetroxide, periodicacid,N-Bromosuccinimide,Phenyliodosoacetate,Hydrogen peroxide&Oppenauer oxidation. b) Catalytic hydrogenation – reactions involving lithium aluminium hydride, triisobutoxy aluminium hydride, DIBAL and sodiumborohydride – Birch reduction–Hydroboration ,Meerwein-Pondorf Verley reduction. c) Reagents in organic synthesis: Gilman’s reagent, lithium dimethyl cuprate, lithium diisopropylamide( LDA), dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, 1,3- dithiane, trimethyl silyl iodide, tri-n-butyltinhydride, Woodward and prevost hydroxylation, DDQ, Merrifield resin, phase transfer catalysis, Peterson’s synthesis&Baker’s yeast .

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UNIT-III (18 Hours) Synthetic methods: Planning a synthesis – relay approach and convergent approach to total synthesis – Retrosynthetic analysis of simple organic compounds –Functionalisation and interconversion of functional groups-– uses of activation and blocking groups in synthesis – stereo selective problems of geometrical and optical isomerism- steric crowding- transition metal complexes in organic chemistry - homogeneous hydrogenations – Regioselectivity - Diastereoselectivity – Enantioselectivity – Umpolung synthesis – Robinson annelation synthesis. A schematic analysis of the total synthesis of : 2,4 – dimethyl –2 – hydroxypentanoic acid and trans-9- methyl- 1- decalone.

UNIT-IV (18 Hours) Principles of Green Chemistry, Green Catalysts & Green reagents : a) Principles of Green Chemistry: The need for green chemistry-goals of green chemistry- limitations-the progress of green chemistry - twelve principles of Green Chemistry -prevention of Waste/by products-maximum incorporation of the reactants into the final product-rearrangement reactions, addition reactions, substitution reactions, elimination reactions-prevention(or) minimization of hazardous products-designing safer chemicals-energy requirements for synthesis- selection of appropriate solvent-selection of starting materials-use of protecting groups-use of catalyst- biodegradable products--designing of manufacturing plants- strengthening of analytical techniques. b) Green reagents: Dimethyl carbonate,Polymer supported reagents. c) Green Catalysts:Acid Catalysts, oxidation catalysts, Basic catalyst &Polymer Supported Catalysts.

UNIT-V (18 Hours) Phase Transfer Catalysis in Green Synthesis and Microwave Induced Green Synthesis : a) Introduction-Applications of Phase Transfer Catalysis in Organic Synthesis- Oxidation using Hydrogen peroxide under PTC Condition-Crown ethers. b) Planning a green synthesis in a laboratory-general interest for solvent free processes-solvent free techniques-Microwave synthesis: Introduction and characteristics of microwave heating-interaction of microwave radiation with the material-difference between conventional heating and microwave heating.Dielectric polarization-dipolar polarization-applications and advantages of microwave heating over conventional heating. Reference books: UNIT I 1. I.L.Finar,(2007), Organic Chemistry, vol II , Pearson Education,V Edition,Chapter 18, Page No-879-893,895-897,Chapter 13,Page No-672- 686,693-700,703-708,Chapter 16,Page No-835-838. 2. Gurdeep Chatwal ,(2001), Natural Products vol II, Himalaya publishing house,III Edition,ChapterIII, Page No-311-316, 3. Gurdeep Chatwal ,(2001), Natural Products vol I, Himalaya publishing house,III Edition, ChapterII, 239-245,250-254.

UNIT II 1. R.O.C. Norman,(1993), Organic Synthesis, Chapman and Hall, III Edition , Chapter XV,.Page No-498-505,569,Chapter 18,Page No-600-602,605.

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2. W.Carruthers,(2004), Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis , Cambridge University press,III Edition, Chapter VI,.Page No-343-348. 3. O.P. Agarwal ,(2008), Reactions &Reagents, Goel Publishing House, 43 rd Edition ,Chapter 20,Page No- 810,816,Chapter 21,Page No-853- 860,866-890,903-909,926-929 ,931-933. 4. P.S. Kalsi,(2005),Organic Reactions & their mechanisms,New Age International Pvt LtdPublishers,New Delhi, II Edition,Chapter 7, Page No- 251-252, Chapter13,Page No-433-434, Chapter14, Page No-,486- 487,Chapter18 ,Page No-590-593,593-608,612-620. UNIT I11 1. N R.E.Ireland,(1988), Organic Synthesis, Prentice- Hall of India pvt. Ltd, ChapterII, I Edition,Page No-17-53,Chapter III,Page No-54-56,Chapter IV,Page No-81-86. 2. R.T.Morrison and R.Boyd, (2005),Organic Chemistry, Prentice – Hall of India, VI edition,Chapter IX,PageNo-363-365, Chapter 29,Page No-1078- 1087. 3. P.S. Kalsi,(2005),Organic Reactions & their mechanisms,New Age International Pvt LtdPublishers,New Delhi, II Edition, Chapter7, Page No- 251-252. 4. K.Machie&M.Smith,(1985)Guidebook to Organic Synthesis,ELBS, Chapter 3,Page No-3-23,Chapter V,Page No-98-99,Chapter VII,Page No-132- 133,Chapter X,Page No-238-247. Unit IV 1. V.Kumar,(2010), An Introduction to Green Chemistry,Vishal Publishing CO.Jalandhar,I Edition,.ChapterI,Page No -1-9 2. V.K.Ahluwalia& M..Kidwai,New Trends in Green Chemistry, Anamaya Publishers,New Delhi,I Edition,ChapterIII, Page No- 5-15 ChapterVI&VII,Page No-21-36. 3. A.K Ahluwalia,(2006) Green Chemistry(Environmentally Benign Reactions),Aru Books India,New Delhi, I Edition, ChapterI Page No- 1-11

Unit V 1. R.Sanghi and M.M.Srivastava,(2003)Green Chemistry(Environmental Friendly Alternatives),Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, I Edition, ChapterII, Page No-55-70,73-91.. 2. V.K.Ahluwalia& M..Kidwai,New Trends in Green Chemistry, Anamaya Publishers,New Delhi,I Edition, ChapterVIII,Page No- 39-56, ChapterIX,Page No-59-71. 3. Dr.K.R.Desai, Green Chemistry, Microwave Synthesis,Himalaya Publishing House, Delhi, I Edition, Chapter I, Page No-1-10, Chapter II, Page NO-11-31, Chapter V, Page No.76-85.

Reference Book Jerry March,(2007), Advanced Organic chemistry, Wiley and Sons Pvt Ltd, IV Edition,

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M. SC. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER III 14PCH42 – INORGANIC CHEMISTRY- IV (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students to  have an understanding of role of inorganic metal complexes in living systems.  know about the spectral applications for the structural elucidation of inorganic compounds.  gain knowledge regarding organ metallic catalysts.

UNIT-I (18 Hours) The Inorganic chemistry of Biological systems Introduction-energy sources for life - metalloporphyrins and respiration. a) Dioxygen binding ,transport and utilization :The interaction between heme and dioxygen –structure and function of hemoglobin- other biological dioxygen carriers- b) Electron transfer, respiration: Ferredoxins and Rubredoxins –blue copper proteins –Chlorophyll and the photosynthetic reaction centre . c) Enzymes: Structure and function of carboxypeptidase A,carbonic anhydrase,xanthine oxidase,aldehyde oxidase,vitamin B12 and B12 coenzymes - nitrogen fixation. d) Medicinal chemistry: Antibiotics and related compounds-chelate therapy- anticancer drugs –cis-platin.

UNIT-II (18 Hours) Inorganic chains rings,cages and cluster compounds: a) Inorganic chains: Introduction- chains catenation – heterocatenation. b) Intercalation Chemistry- one dimensional conductors. c) Inorganic rings: Preparation, properties of borazines, Phosphazenes. d) Inorganic cages: Phosphorus cage compounds.-boron cage compounds. . e) Metal clusters:Binuclear cluster – trinuclear clusters – tetra nuclear clusters – hexa nuclear clusters – polyatomic zintl anions and cations – chevrel phases.

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UNIT-III (18 Hours) Application of NMR and NQR spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Introduction. a) Application of spin-spin splitting & coupling constants in the structural 31 elucidation of inorganic compounds : P NMR spectra of P4S3,H3PO3,, 3- 19 H3PO2,,HPF2.,HP2O5 . F NMR spectra of ClF3, BrF3. NMR of chemical exchange on spectra and the evolution of reaction rates for fast reactions. b) Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy: Introduction- The interpretation of e2Qq data . c) Structural information from NQR spectra : Bromine NQR spectrum of K2SeBr6 – study of structure of solid BrCN – structure of

PCl5 – Tellurium tetrachloride .

UNIT-IV (18 Hours)

Application of ESR and Mossbauer Spectroscopy in the study of Inorganic compounds

Electron spin resonance spectroscopy : Introduction-presentation of the spectrum - hyperfine splitting in some simple systems-factors affecting the magnitude of g- values-zero field splitting and kramers’ degeneracy. a) Hyperfine splitting in isotropic systems involving more than one nucleus: ESR spectrum of methyl radical , benzene radical anion, pyrazine radical anion , [BH3. ]- b) ESR spectrum of anisotropic systems : ESR spectrum of Lithium 5+ Carbonate,[(NH3)5Co-O-O-Co(NH3)5] and bis-salicylaldimine Copper(II). c) Mossbauer Spectroscopy : Introduction - Mossbauer spectral study of tin and iron compounds- structural detections for I2Br2Cl4- detecting chlorides and fluorides in xenon.

UNIT-V (18 Hours) a) Organo metallic chemistry – reactivity and catalysis Introduction - oxidative addition and reductive elimination – insertion and elimination. b) Catalysis by Organometallic compounds: Alkene hydrogenation - Tolman catalytic loops- synthesis gas- hydroformylation , Monsanto acetic acid process ,Wacker process-synthetic Gasoline-Ziegler-Natta Catalysis.

Reference Books: Unit I 1. J.E.Huheey, E.A.Keiter and R.L.Keiter, and Okhil K Medhi (2007), Inorganic Chemistry – Principles of Structure and Reactivity, Addition Wesley Publishing company, IV edn., New York. Chapter: 20. Page No: 663 to 693, 698-702.

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Unit II 1. J.E.Huheey, E.A.Keiter and R.L.Keiter, and Okhil K Medhi (2007), Inorganic Chemistry – Principles of Structure and Reactivity, Addition Wesley Publishing company, IV edn., New York. Chapter: 11. Page No: 292 – 295, 302 – 318, 322 – 324,336-338. Chapter: 13, Page No: 395 – 404. Unit III: 1. R.S.Drago, Physical Methods in Inorganic chemistry, An east-west edition Litton educational publishing, Inc Chapter 8 page 260-279, 298-303. Page 457-460. page No.281-290. 2. E.A.V Ebsworth David W.H.Rankin Stephan Cradock, Structural Methods in Inorganic Chemistry, (1987), English Language Book Society/Blackwell Scientific Publications. Chapter: 3, Page No: 121-124. Unit IV: 1. R.S.Drago, Physical Methods in Inorganic Chemistry East west edition Chapter 10 page No.328-332,338-345. Chapter 9 Page 324-329. Chapter: 11 .Page no: 365-372.

2. E.A.V Ebsworth David W.H.Rankin Stephan Cradock, (1987), Methods in Inorganic Chemistry, English Language Book Society/Blackwell Scientific Publications. Chapter: 3, Page No:107-112. Chapter: 7, Page No: 284-286,297-299. Unit V: 1. J.E.Huheey, E.A.Keiter and R.L.Keiter, and Okhil K Medhi (2007), Inorganic Chemistry – Principles of structure and Reactivity, Addition Wesley Publishing company, IV edn., New York. Chapter: 19, Page No: 637-644, 649-662.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER IV 14PCH43 – PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY-IV (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 04

Objectives: To enable the students to  get themselves exposed to kinetics and mechanism  be familiar with the concepts of enzyme kinetics  understand the fundamental concepts of photochemistry  derive advance knowledge on surface phenomena.  impart knowledge of characterization techniques of nano compounds. . UNIT-I (18 Hours) Kinetic theory of collisions, conventional transition state (CTST) and its applications to atoms and molecules, thermodyanamic formulation of CTST, assumptions and limitations of CTST- potential energy surface. Chain reaction – study of kinetics of chain reaction - decomposition of acetaldehyde-hydrogen- oxygen reaction. Unimolecular reactions –Lindemann hypothesis, Hinshelwood, RRK and RRKM treatment. Reactions between ions-influence of solvent dielectric constant, ionic strength (Bronsted-Bejrrrum equation)

UNIT-II (18 Hours) a) Techniques of fast reactions - Stopped flow method, relaxation methods, shock tube method, flash photolysis. Radiation Chemistry-radiation chemical primary processes, pulse radiolysis, hydrated electrons b) Fast reaction techniques – chemical relaxation methods-basic principle, kinetic derivation for 1/ τ for one step transformation. Temperature and pressure jump methods-Principle, factors affecting τc and experimental set up. Ultrasonic relaxation methods-principle of stationary methods- experimental approach for the evaluation of τ and amplitude. Reactions in flow systems- advantages and disadvantages of flow methods, Stopped flow method, kinetics of reactions in stirred flow reactor, Hammet equation. c) Polymer kinetics– molecular mechanisms-Free radical mechanism-cationic polymerization-anionic polymerization-emulsion polymerization. d) Enzyme kinetics – Michaelis Menton kinetics-Line-weaver and Burk plot- Eadies plot,influence of pH and temperature-Transient-phase kinetics.

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UNIT-III (18 Hours) Photochemistry Physical properties of the electronically excited molecules – excited state dipole moments, pKa and redox potentials; photo physical processes in electronically excited molecules – fluorescence and phosphorescence; Stern- Volmer equation and its applications, electronic energy transfer mechanism, photosensitisation and chemiluminescence. Experimental techniques in photochemistry – chemical actinometry, flash photolysis technique and fluorescence quenching method, study of photochemical reactions like H2–X2, decomposition of carbonyl compounds. Elementary aspects of photosynthesis- solar energy conversion.

UNIT-IV (18 Hours) Solids and surface phenomena: Solids - band theory of conductors, insulators and semiconductors- superconductivity- high temperature superconductivity – low temperature superconductivity -imperfection in a crystal- point defects- Schottky and Frenkel defects-metal excess defect-color centers- metal deficiency defects-line defects- dislocation in solids-edge and screw dislocations. Adsorption-Langmuir adsorption isotherm-kinetic and statistical thermodynamic derivation-lateral interaction-experimental application- BET adsorption isotherms-derivation, properties and modification of BET – measurement of surface area. Electrical aspects of surface chemistry- electroosmosis and electrophoresis.

UNIT-V (18 Hours) Instrumentation in nano chemistry: Methods of measuring properties- introduction, crystallography- XRD - particle size determination by Diffused Light Scattering-surface structure. Microscopic techniques -TEM, STM, SEM, and AFM .

Text Book: Unit I 1. Laidler K.J, (2007),Chemical Kinetics, TataMcGraw- Hill Publishing company Ltd, New Delhi,II edition. Page numbers: 81-83,112-115,106-112,288-290,323-328,319-321,150- 167, 197-201,191- 194. Reference Books: 1. J.Rajaram and J.C.KuriaKose,(1993) Kinetics And Mechanism Of Chemical Transformations, Macmillan India Ltd,Reprint,2007. 2. C.Kalidas,( 2005) Chemical Kinetic Methods, New Age International(P)Ltd Publishers,Chennai, IIedition.

Unit II Text Book: 1. Laidler K.J, (2007),Chemical Kinetics, TataMcGraw- Hill Publishing company Ltd, New Delhi, III edition Chapter 4. Page No. 33-39 Chaapter 8. Page No.330-340 Chapter 9. Page No. 365-370 Chapter 10. Page No. 400-412 PG CHEM - 57

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2. C.Kalidas,( 2005)Chemical Kinetic Methods, New Age International(P)Ltd Publishers,Chennai,IIedition. Page numbers: 24-32,116-118,158-163,210-212,220-223, 13-18

Reference Book: 1.J.Rajaram and J.C.KuriaKose,( 1993), Kinetics And Mechanism of Chemical Transformations, Macmillan India Ltd, Reprint,2007.

Unit –III Text Books: 1. K.K.Rohatgi Mukherjee,( Reprint 2000), Fundamentals Of Photochemistry, New Age International(P)Ltd, Publishers,Chennai. Page numbers: 103-113,126-129,137-147,171-175,280-285,290-297, 314-316,300-302 2. C.Kalidas, (2005) Chemical Kinetic Methods, New Age International (P) Ltd Publishers,Chennai,IIedition. Page numbers:314-319 Reference Book: 1. N.J.Turro,(1967), Modern Molecular Photochemistry, Benjamin Cummings,IIprint.

Unit – IV Text Books: 1. A.W.Adamson,( 1997), Physical Chemistry Of Surfaces, John Wiley & Sons, NewYork, IV Edition. Page numbers: 209-212,523-525,548-557,561-563,565-571 2. B.R.Puri,l.R.Sharma,Madan S.Pathania, (2012)“Principles Of Physical Chemistry”,Vishal Publishing Co,New Delhi.46th Edition. Page numbers: 1197-1209 Reference Book: 1. A.K.Chethan & P.Day,( 1993), Solid State Chemistry Of Compounds – Oxford Science Publications Unit V: Text Book: 1. C.P. Poole and F.J. Owens,( Reprint 2008) “Introduction To Nano Technology, Willey Student Edition. Page numbers: 35-58 2. T. Pradeep, (2011), “Nano, The essentials”, Tata Mc Graw-Hill publication. Page numbers: 44-47, 74-75 Reference Book: 1. C.C. Kotch,(2002), Nano Structured Materials: Processing, Properties and Potential Applications, Noyes Publications (Willium Andrew Publishers: Norwhich,NewYork).

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY-SEMESTER IV 14PCH4E1 –ELECTIVE -BIOCHEMISTRY (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05

Objectives: To enable the students to  give an exposure about intermediary metabolism.  be familiar with different types of enzymes and their activities.  give brief view about the structure of amino acids.  impart knowledge about the chemistry of supramolecules.  know about the biological importance of lipids.

UNIT-I (18 Hours)

Amino acids and proteins a) Amino acids-General structure of amino acids- physical and electrochemical properties. Peptides - peptide bond- representation of peptide chain-naming of peptide chain-determination of the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide- biological role. b) Proteins-Importance – classification based on shape of protein molecule and biological function- denaturation and renaturation –color reactions of amino acids.

UNIT-II (18 Hours) Enzymes Nomenclature and classification - characteristics of enzymes –catalytic nature and colloidal nature of enzymes. Mechanism of enzyme action - active sites, Fischer’s lock and key model and Koshland induced fit model-enzyme activators. Enzyme inhibition- competitive, non- competitive and allosteric inhibition. Mechanism of action of the enzyme chymotrypsin.

UNIT-III (18 Hours) Metabolism Definition and terminology of metabolism -TCA cycle- glycolysis – gluconeogenesis - oxidative phosphorylation -pentose phosphate shunt and urea cycle.

UNIT-IV (18 Hours) Lipids Definition, classification based on chemical composition: simple lipids- fats and oils-physical properties and chemical properties - saponification, hydrolytic and oxidative rancidity, hydrogenation and acrolein test – quantitative tests-importance and biological role of lipids.

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UNIT-V (18 Hours) Supramolecular Chemistry Biomimetic Chemistry- cyclodextrins and calixarene as enzyme models – supramolecular chemistry – non covalent interaction & molecular recognition- supramolecular reactivity and catalysis.

Reference books: 1. J.L.Jain, Sanjay Jain & Nitin Jain, (Reprint, 2008) “Fundamentals Of Biochemistry”, S.Chand &company Ltd. 2. J.L.Jain,(1983 ),“Fundamentamentals Of Biochemistry”, S.Chand &Company ltd, II Edition.

* Study material will be provided.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, SIVAKASI. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Sc. CHEMISTRY SEMESTER IV 14PCH4E2- ELECTIVE -BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION (For those admitted in June 2014 and later)

Contact hours per week : 06 Total number of hours per semester : 90 No. of credits : 05 Objectives: To enable the students to  know about the modern medical equipments in the Hospitals and Research Institutes  know about the recent advances in biomedical instrumentation.  understand the design and functioning of various medical equipments. Unit I (18 hours) Introduction to Biomedical Instumentation & Biopotential Electrodes: (a) Biomedical Instumentation Introduction - resting potential – measurement of resting potential – action potential and propagation of action potential. (b) Biopotential Electrodes: i) Introduction- types of electrodes – half cell potential – microelectrodes – depth and needle electrodes. ii) surface electrodes: metal plate surface electrodes, suction cup electrode, adhesive tape electrodes, multipoint electrodes, floating electrodes. iii) chemical electrodes: hydrogen electrode, Ag-AgCl electrode, Calomel electrode, pH measurement, pO2 electrode, pCO2 electrode. Unit II (18 hours) Biomedical recorders Introduction – Electrocardiography - ECG lead system – ECG instrumentation – Electro encephalography: instrumentation – EEG electrode system - Electromyography - measurement of nerve conduction velocity – Electroretinography – Electroculography – Phonocardiography – Holter monitoring. Unit III (18 hours) Imaging Equipments (a) Computed Tomography: Introduction – instrumentation – CT scanning system – image reconstruction. (b) Ultrasonic Imaging: Introduction – reflection – scattering – A-Mode display – B-Mode display – T-M-Mode display – instrumentation – biomedical applications. (C) Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Principle – instrumentation – advantages of MRI over other medical imaging techniques – MRI magnet – RF transmitter system – RF detection system – gradient system – imager system.

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Unit IV (18 hours) Nuclear Medicine Imaging and Special technique (a) Introduction – applications – list of radioisotopes used in medicine – Gamma Camera – computerized multicrystal Gamma Camera – operation of CMGC – Pulse height analyser - Positron Emission Tomography (PET) - Single photon emission computed Tomography. (b) Angiography: Introduction – technique – uses. (c) Fluoroscopy: Introduction – equipment – uses. Unit V (18 hours) Physiological assist devices (a) Defibrillators: Introduction – types of Defibrillators: AC Defibrillator - capacitive discharge DC Defibrillators – Delay-line capacitive discharge - DC Defibrillator – square wave Defibrillator – DC Defibrillator with synchronizer circuit. (b) Pacemaker: Introduction – electrode system, parts, types – external pacemaker – internal pacemaker - types of pacemakers based on operation: Ventricular asynchronous pacemaker, Ventricular synchronous pacemaker, Ventricular inhibited pacemaker, Atrial synchronous pacemaker, Atrial sequencial ventricular inhibited pacemaker. (c) Heart-Lung machine (d) Ventilators: Introduction – types of ventilators – working of ventilators. (e) Dialysis: Introduction – principle – types of dialysis: hemo dialysis, peritoneal dialysis. (f) Electrical safety in biomedical equipments. Text book Unit I T. Rajalakshmi (2008) Biomedical Instrumentation, Sams publishers, Chennai I edition. Page No – 1.1, 1.6-1.9, 4.1-4.23. Unit II T. Rajalakshmi (2008) Biomedical Instrumentation, Sams publishers, Chennai I edition, Page No. 5.1-5.24 Unit III T. Rajalakshmi (2008) Biomedical Instrumentation, Sams publishers, Chennai I edition, Page No. 6.7-6.30. Unit IV T. Rajalakshmi (2008) Biomedical Instrumentation, Sams publishers, Chennai I edition, Page No. 7.1-7.18. Angiography and Fluoroscopy – Study material will be provided. Unit V T. Rajalakshmi (2008) Biomedical Instrumentation, Sams publishers, Chennai I edition, Page No. 9.23-9.27, 9.29-9.35, 9.40-9.50. Reference books 1. Leslie Cromwell, Fred J. Weibell, Erich A. Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements (2003), Pearson Education, II edition. 2. Dr. M. Arumugam, Biomedical Instrumentation (2002), Anuradha agencies, I edition fifth reprint.

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M.Phil Programme

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATNAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Reaccredited with A Grade by NAAC and College with Potential for Excellence by UGC) SIVAKASI – 626 123 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Phil. DEGREE PROGRAMME IN CHEMISTRY

RULES AND REGULATIONS, PROGRAMME SCHEME AND SCHEME OF EVALUTION GOVERNING THE M.Phil. DEGREE PROGRAMME IN CHEMISTRY

I. Programme objectives:

1. To develop the research culture among the chemistry major students. 2. To assist the students in job opportunities. 3. To direct them in publishing research papers in various journals. 4. To guide them in participating in Research Seminars. 5. To move towards the goal of the department to become a Research centre in future. 6. To motivate the chemistry major students to become Research scholars.

II Eligibility condition for admission

The minimum qualification for admission to this programme will be 60% marks in M.Sc. Degree examination.

III Duration of the Programme:

The duration of the programme is one academic year. Each academic year consists of two semesters. The duration of a semester is 90 working days.

IV Attendance:

The rules regarding the attendance for regular classes for the candidates to appear for the summative examinations are framed as given below.

a) Each student must put in a minimum attendance of 68 days ( 75 % of 90 days per semester) so as to become eligible to appear for the summative examinations.

Shortage of Attendance:

b) Those students with attendance of 68 days and less but 59 days and above. (65 %) can be permitted to appear for the summative examinations provided they should submit the condonation certificate to the principal stating the proper reasons for their absence, within five days after the last working days of the concerned class. The certificate may be obtained from the office on payment of as per Madurai Kamaraj University.

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c) In case of attendance with 58 days and less but 45 days and (50%) above, the students cannot appear for the final examinations of that semester but can appear for the next examinations by obtaining special permission from the principal providing necessary documents supporting the reasons for the absence on payment of Rs.250/-. d) Students with attendance of 44 days and less should repeat the whole semester .

V Evaluation Procedure:

Evaluation of each Theory Course will be 25 % Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA) and 75 % External examinations. Evaluation of Project will be 100 % external examinations. A mark statement will be issued to every student at the end of every semester.

VI Passing minimum For a pass in each course, a student should secure a minimum of 45%marks in the external examinations and a minimum of 50% marks in aggregate (i.e., internal and external marks put together). The same rule is applicable for dissertation / project report and viva voce. VII Eligibility condition for getting the degree A candidate undergoing the M.Phil. degree programme will be eligible for the award of M.Phil. degree in chemistry if she completes the entire programme and passes all the course prescribed for the programme. VIII Classification of successful candidates The successful candidates will be classified as per the details given in the table below.

Classification of CGPA GRADE Final Result 9.500 – 10.000 O+ 9.000 - 9.499 O 8.500 - 8.999 D++ 8.000 - 8.499 D+ First Class 7.500 - 7.999 D 7.000 - 7.499 A++ 6.500 - 6.999 A+ 6.000 - 6.499 A 5.500 - 5.999 B+ Second Class 5.000 - 5.499 B 0.000 - 4.999 U Re-appear IX Awards of Ranks:

CUMULATIVE GRADE POINT AVERAGE (CGPA) =  Ci Gi i  C i i

CGPA= Sum of the multiplication of grade points by the respective credits of the course cleared in the entire programme Sum of the credits of all the courses cleared in the programme

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Ci - Credits earned for course i in any semester. Gi - Grade point obtained for course i in any semester. I - Summation of all courses cleared in a semesters.

X. Other provisions.

1. Those who are absent for the exam should be marked AA on the Mark sheet. 2. If there is a charge of malpractice by a student she should be sent out from the Exam Hall and given chance only during the following semester. 3. The Courses she has already appeared during that semester will not be considered. 4. A student can appear for any number of arrear courses. 5. Repeat examinations will be conducted for the final semester paper within a month after the publication of final semester result 6. Revaluation is permitted.

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DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

M.Phil. DEGREE PROGRAMME IN CHEMISTRY

Details of the courses under the M.Phil. Programme

Duration Marks allotted Teaching of Se Course No. of hours summative m code Title credits per week exam Int. Ext. Tot. hours I Research 14MCH11 6 3 25 75 100 9 Methodology Course Work 6 3 25 75 100 9 14MCH12 Subject 14MCH1V - - 100 3 viva - voce Optional paper I – Advanced 14MCH2A Organic Chemistry II Optional paper II – Advanced 14MCH2B Inorganic 6 3 25 75 100 9 Chemistry Optional paper III – Advanced 14MCH2C Physical Chemistry 14MCH2D Dissertation 6 - -- 100 100 10

14MCH2V Viva-voce ------100 100 5

Total 600 45

Allotment of hours ( per week ) for M.Phil. Degree Programme

Semester Core I II Total Theory 12 6 18 Dissertation - 6 6 Total 12 12 24

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QUESTION PATTERN FOR SUMMATIVE EXAMINATIONS

Max. Marks: 75 Time : 3hrs

SECTION A ( 5 x 6 = 30marks)

Five questions, one from each unit with internal choice. Each question should be answered not exceeding three pages.

SECTION B ( 3 x 15 = 45marks)

Three out of five questions open choice one from each unit. Each question should be answered not exceeding six pages.

Section Questions Marks Total A 5 6 30 B 3 15 45 Total 75

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATHINAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN

(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Reaccredited with A Grade by NAAC and College with Potential for Excellence by UGC SIVAKASI – 626 123

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Phil. CHEMISTRY - SEMESTER - I RESEARCH METHODOLOGY – 14MCH11

Contact Hours per week: 06 Total Hours per semester: 90 No. of Credits : 09

Objectives: To enable the students to i) study the basic concepts of literature search and understand the error analysis. ii) know the basic concepts of C language and apply them to solve simple chemistry problems. iii) understand the principles of reaction mechanism, concept of linear free energy relationships. iv) acquire an idea about various electro and spectro analytical techniques

Unit I – Literature Search

Searching the chemical literature, primary sources – journals and patents, secondary sources – Beilstein, reviews, periodicals – serials – monograph and text books – dictionaries, encyclopedias, catalogues and index of tabulated data, location of data, location of published and comprehensive account of research with special reference to physical, organic and inorganic chemistry – use of computer in literature search, significance of chemdraw – drawing chemical structure – paste them in the text.

Inductive and deductive reasoning – role of experimentation – interpretation of results- formation – testing and rejection of hypothesis – logic of scientific discovery.

Unit II – Error in Chemical analysis and statistics:

Classification of errors – accuracy – precision – minimization of errors – mean – standard deviation – Normal or Gaussion distribution – Reliability of results – confidence interval – comparison results – student’s t-test, F-test, paired t-test - correlation and regression – the least squares method for deriving calibration plots like straight line – power curve – exponential curve – second degree parabola – general methods used, standard addition, universal standard method- problems in these methods using least square fitting – quality assurance and control charts.

Unit III – Computers in Chemistry

Data types: int, short, long int, float, double and long double; variable and scope. Global automatic register and static operators: assignment, caching procedure and associatively: program selection : if-else logical operators – ternary operator switch

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statement : Repetition: while, do-while and for loops , goto statement; functions, void Return statement, invoking functions, passing arguments – protyping.

Array: single dimensional arrays, accessing arrays, initializing and copying arrays – array as function arguments – multidimensional arrays.

Simple C programming applications in chemistry such as vanderwalls equation, pH titration, kinetics, radioactive decay, evaluation of lattice energy and ionic radii from experimental data.

Unit IV – Reaction Mechanism

Methods of determining reaction mechanism – kinetic and non kinetic methods – study of fast reactions – relaxation methods – flow techniques – flash photolysis – magnetic resonance methods for kinetic studies – reactions of radicals, electron transfer reactions – mechanism of oxidation reactions involving metal ions and proxy anions – Michaelis -Menton Kinetics – micellar catalysis – homogeneous catalysis: essential step in catalytic cycles involving transition metal complexes – properties of metals and ligands in homogeneous catalysis – selectivity in homogenous catalysis.

An introduction of linear free energy relationships. The Hammett equation – the quality of substituent and rejection constants and Yukawa – Tsuno equation. The general validity of the Hammett equation – deviation from the Hammett equation in its various forms – non linear Hammett plots – reactivity – selectivity principles.

Unit V – Instrumental Method of Analysis

Basic instrumentation of IR, UV, NMR and ESR spectrophotometers – NMR spectroscopy – proton and 13 C – fluxional NMR – 2-dimensional NMR – uses of shift reagents.

ESR spectroscopy – hyperfine splitting – factors affecting g value – anisotropy of g and A tensors – zero field splitting – Krammer’s degeneracy – EPR spectra of vanadium (III) Nickel (II) and Cu (II) complexes. Jahn Teller distortion in Cu(II) complexes. Evaluation of bonding parameters.

Instrumentation, principles and application of Cyclic Voltammetry.

Combined applications of Mass, UV – Vis, IR and NMR leading to structural elucidation of simple organic compounds. Self Study: Software packages: 1.ACDChemSketch 2.Argus Lab  Separate training will be provided to the students under the guidance of Course Teacher

References: Unit I 1. Jerry March (2007), Advanced Organic chemistry – Wiley and sons pvt.ltd., IV edition. 2. Internet resources. Unit II

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1. 1.G.H.Jeffery,J.Bassett,J.Mendham,R.C.Denny,(1997), Vogels Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis , ELBS with Longmann,V edition 2. D.A. Skoog. D.M. West & F.J. Holler (2005) , Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, Saunders college publishing, New York ,VIII Edn., Unit III 1. K.V. Raman (1993),Computers in Chemistry, Tata McGraw – Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.New delhi 2. E. Balagurusamy (1998), Programming in ANSI – C, Tata McGraw - Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.New Delhi II edition. Unit IV 1. Jerry March(2007), Advanced Organic chemistry – Wiley and sons pvt.ltd., IV edition 2. P.Sykes,(1984) ,Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman,VI Edition, 3. E.S. Gould,Structure and mechanism in organic chemistry. 4. Frost and Pearson, Chemical kinetics. 5. R.D. canon, Butterworth, Electron transfer reactions. 6. S.L.Fuess, E.S. Lewis and A. Weissberger.Invention of Rate and mechanism of reations : Part I, II edition. 7. Laidler K.J, (2007), Chemical Kinetics, TataMcGraw- Hill Publishing company Ltd, New Delhi,III Edition. 8. Bradley ,Fast reaction. 9. N.B. chapman and J. Shorter, Advances in Linear Free Energy Relationships. 10. J.Shorter ,Correlation analysis in organic chemistry: An introduction to LFER. 11. N.B. Chapman & J.Shorter ,Correlation analysis in organic Chemistry:.

Unit V 1. H.V. Malmstadt, C.G. Enkes and S.R. Crouch, instrumentation for scientists series modulas 1-4 Benhamin Inc. 2. DouglasA.Skoog, Donald M.West,F.James (2005)Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry,Thomson Brooks/Cole,VIII edition 3. J.W. Akitt ,NMR and Chemistry II edition. 4. K.Mullie and P.S. Pregosin, Fourier Transform NMR techniques: A practical approach

5. P.B. Berington, Data reduction and Error analysis for physical sciences, , McGraw - Hill book company. 6. W.Kemp, (2008) Organic Spectroscopy , Palgrave publishers limited,III edition 7. R.M.Silvestein,G.C.Basler & T.C.Morrill (199l), “Spectroscopic Identification of Organic compounds ,V edition,John Wiley and sons. 8.P.Kalsi, (2001) Spectroscopy of Organic compounds,New Age International (p) Ltd, IV edition . 9. R.S.Drago, (1977), Physical Methods in Chemistry, .B.Saunders Company. 10. Jag Mohan (2007),Organic Spectroscopy , Principles and applications, Narosa Publishing House Pvt.Ltd, II edition.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATHINAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN

(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Reaccredited with A Grade by NAAC & College with Potential for Excellence by UGC) SIVAKASI – 626 123 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Phil. CHEMISTRY – SEMESTER - I COURSE WORK – 14MCH12 Contact Hours per week : 06 Total Hours per semester: 90 No. of Credits : 09

Objectives: To enable the students to i) understand the applications of various organic metallic reagent in synthesis . ii) apply group theory to spectroscopy and molecular problems. iii) have an understanding of bio - inorganic chemistry iv) know about fundamentals of medicinal chemistry. v) get themselves exposed to nano chemistry & photo chemistry.

Unit I – Organic Synthesis and Organometallic reagents in synthesis.

Types of (Carbon to carbon bond forming) reactions – Key intermediates – starting materials – Sandheimer synthesis – Stork approach. Use of retrosynthetic analysis for the synthesis of simple cyclic molecules – Gabriel synthesis. A Schematic analysis of the total synthesis of γ- caprolactone, 6-methyl tryptamine, 6,6-ethylenedioxy -1(9)octalin-2-one, α-onocerin and quinotoxine. Organo copper reagents –vinyl Grignard reagents – carboalumination – nucleophilic addition of alenylanes and alkenylalanates to carbonyl compounds - ortholithiation – use of fomamidines – lithiated dithianes and nitroalkanes in synthesis.

Unit II Group Theory:

Projection operators – symmetry adopted linear combination (SALC) – construction of MO wave functions for allyl, butadiene, cyclopropenyl, benzene and tetramethylcyclobutane – calculation of delocalization energies – construction of hybrid orbitals for molecules having tetrahedral, trigonal triangular and square planar 2 3 2 geometry (sp , sp and dsp hybridizations) Application of group theory to IR Raman and UV spectroscopy – selection rules for fundamental vibrations –symmetry of normal vibrations of molecules belonging to C2h ,C 2v ,C 3v ,C 4v ,D 3h ,D 4h ,D∞h , and C∞ V point groups, stretching mode analysis of metal carbonyls and metal complexes.

Unit III Bio-Inorganic Chemistry

Metalloproteins and enzymes –Blue copper proteins –copper proteins as oxidases / reductases – Nickel containing enzymes – structure of DNA – types of Nucleic acid interactions –Coordination, intercalation and hydrogen bonding – interactions of metal ion with nucleic acid, redox chemistry, hydrolytic chemistry-

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monitoring the DNA binding by UV, IR, NMR and CV spectral techniques. Applications of different metal complexes that bind nucleic acids –conformational probes – metallo foot printing reagents. Nature’s use of metal / nucleic acid interactions. Metal ion toxicity –detoxication using chelating agents. Inorganic compounds as therapeutic agents. Anticancer drugs - antiarthritis drugs. Treatment of essential trace metal deficiencies and excess.

Unit IV – Fundamental of medicinal chemistry:

Definitions of medicinal chemistry, pharmacology and molecular pharmacology. Major process involved in drug action – pharmokinetics phase – quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) – Haunch approach. The concept of bioisosterism – pharmocodynamic phase – receptors and classification of membrane bound receptors – enzyme inhibitors as drugs (illustrated with one example). The concept of allosterism - Agonist and antagonists – neurotransmitters in peripheral nervous system – cholinergic and adrenergic nerve transmission – relationship between drug metabolism and drug design – prodrugs and soft drugs.

Unit V – Nanochemistry and photochemistry:

Nanoparticles and nanostructural materials – introduction – methods of preparations – physical properties – metallic behaviour– magnetic behaviour – optical and electronic properties – chemical properties of surfaces: metals – semiconductors – metal oxides – application of nanoparticles: water purification – catalysis –sensors – information storage –solar cells – environmental clean up. Solar energy conversion – photo electrochemical cells – water splitting – semiconductor solar cells.

References: Unit I 1. R.E.Ireland, (1969) Organic Synthesis, Prentice Hall,. 2. W.L.Jolly.The Synthesis and Characterisation of Inorganic Compounds, 3. D.M.Adams & J.B.Raynor,Advanced Practical Inorganic Chemistry, Unit II 1. F.A.Cotton.(2006)Chemical Application of Group Theory,John Wiley&Sons,III Edition. 2. Davison, Introductory Group Theory,. 3. R.S.Drago, (1977), Physical Methods in Chemistry, .B.Saunders Company. 4. V.Ramakrishnan & M.S.Gopinathan,( Second Reprint Edition 2007)Group Theory in chemistry,Vishal Publishing Company. Unit III 1. Ivano Bertini, Harry B.Gray, Stephen J.Lippard and Joan Selverstone valentine, (1998) Bioinorganic chemistry, Viva Books Pvt. Ltd., 2. J.E.Huheey & et al., (2007)Inorganic Chemistry, Principles of Structure and Reactivity ,Dorling Kindersley (India ) Pvt, Ltd, IV Edition. 3. J.Chem.Edn., November 1985. 4. F.A.Cotton and G.Wilkinson,(1998) Advanced Inorganic Chemistry – John Wiley & sons,Newyork, , IV edition . 5. A.K.Das ,A Textbook on Medicinal aspects of Bioinorganic chemistry,

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CBS Publishers. 6. A.K.De(1994) Environmental chemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd., 7. G.R.Chatwal and Ajay Kumar Bhagi,(1991)Bioinorganic Chemistry , Himalaya Publishing House,I Edition..

Unit IV 1. G.L.Patrick (2001)Medicinal chemistry, Oxford University Press, II edn., 2. T.Nogradi ,(2004)Medicinal chemistry – A Biochemical Approach, , OxfordUniversity Press, 3. J.B.Taylor and P.D.Kennewell, (1985), Introductory Medicinal chemistry, Ellisworth Publishers. 4. M.E.Wolf (Ed), (1995) Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, VEdn. 5. G.Patrick, Medicinal Chemistry (Instant Notes), (2002) Viva Books Pvt. Ltd., (Indian edition). 6. W.O.Foye, Lee & Febiger, (1975)Principles of Medicinal Chemistry,. Unit V 1. Kenneth J.Klabunde ,(2001)Nanoscale Materials in chemistry, , John Wiley &Sons, Inc., Publication.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATHINAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Reaccredited with A Grade by NAAC & College with Potential for Excellence by UGC) SIVAKASI – 626 123 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Phil. CHEMISTRY – SEMESTER - II OPTIONAL PAPER I – ADVANCED ORGANIC CHEMISTRY -14MCH2A

Contact Hours per week: 06 Total Hours per semester: 90 No. of Credits : 09

Objectives: To enable the students to i) understand the principles of conformational analysis. ii) know the applications of various reagents in organic chemistry iii) get an idea about bio organic chemistry and organometallic reagents & chemistry of enolates. Unit I – Conformational analysis:

Free and restricted rotations – preferred conformations – conformation and reactivity in cyclic system – quantitative treatment of mobile system – Eliel-Ro and Winstein Holness equations – computation of conformational free energy difference – curtin-Hammett principle – conformation of decalins, perhydroanthracenes – cyclohexene, cyclohexanones and bicycle[2.2.1] heptanones – shape of smaller ring systems – Transannular effects – Asymmetric synthesis – enantio and diastereoselective synthesis.

Unit II – Reagents in Organic Chemistry:

Introduction – phosphorus containing reagents – reactions of phosphorus ylides – Wittig reaction – Horner-Wardsworth-Emmons reactions – reductive cyclisation of nitro compounds – synthesis of olefins from 1,2-diols. Reactions of sulphur ylides with carbonyl compounds – rearrangement – reactions of dismsyl anion – sulphoxide elimination – use of dithiols, reversed polarity of carbonyl compounds. Formation of organoboranes – regioselectivity – stereoselective alkene synthesis – formation of alcohol – formation of carbonyl compounds – formation of primary amine – formation of cyclopropanes – formation of organometallic compound – carbonylation of organoboranes – isomerisation of organoboranes.

Unit III – Bioorganic chemistry:

Chemistry in biosystems – non covalent interactions and molecular recognition – enzyme chemistry – mechanism of enzyme action – chymotrypsin – antibodies as enzyme –coenzyme chemistry – suicide enzyme – inactivators and affinity levels. Biological energy – ATP, NADH, NADPH and FADH(2) as electron carriers – coenezymes A as acyl carrier – carbohydrate metabolism – lipid metabolism – citric acid cycle – urea cycle – link between glycolysis and citric acid cycle – biological oxidation.

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Enzyme models – utility of cyclodextrins, crown ethers and calixarenes as enzyme models – molecular recognition and drug design – supramolecular chemistry – supramolecular reactivity and catalysis.

Unit IV – Organometallic reagents:

Principles – preparation – structure and reactivity – organomagnesium compounds – formation of C-C bond in hydrocarbons – alcohols – aldehydes – reaction at elements other than carbon. Organosodium compound – organolithium compounds – preparation – reactions – comparison of reactivity with Grignard reagents – organocopper compound – organocadimium compounds – organozinc compounds – applications – reactions involving the transition metals.

Unit V – Chemistry of enolates:

Generation of enolates – regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in enolate formation – alkylation of enolates – medium effect in aklylation of enolates – oxygen vs carbon as the site of alkylation – alkylation of aldehydes, esters, amides and nitriles – Aldol condensation – Knoevenagel reaction – acylation of enolates – Michael addition of enolates – nitrogen analogs of enols and enolates – enamines and imine anions.

References:

Unit I 1. P.S.Kalsi, (2006), Stereochemistry, Conformation and Mechanism, Wiley Eastern Ltd., VI edition. 2. D. Nasipuri,(2006).Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, Principles and Application, Wiley Eastern Ltd., II edition.

3. E.L.Eliel, Reprinted (2008)Stereo chemistry of Carbon Compounds, McGraw Hill IVedition 4. F.A.Carey and R.J.Sundberg(2006), Advanced Organic chemistry, Springer publications,IV edition. Unit II 1. R.O.C. Norman (2004), Principles of Organic Synthesis, , II edition. 2. F.A.Carey and R.J.Sundberg(2006), Advanced Organic chemistry, Springer publications,IV edition. Unit III 1. Jean-Marie Lehn(1995), Supramolecular Chemistry, Concepts and Perspectives, VCH Publication, Unit IV 1. R.O.C.Norman ,(2006),Principles of Organic Synthesis, Methuen & Co. Ltd., London, II Edition. 2. F.A.Carey and R.J.Sundberg(2006), Advanced Organic chemistry, Springer publications,IV edition.

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Unit V 1. Reinhard BrucknerJ (2001) Advanced Organic Chemistry : Reaction Mechanisms,: Academic Press, I edition 2. R.J. Sundberg, F.A. Carey,(1987), Advanced Organic Chemistry, Part B: Reactions and Synthesis, Plenum, , Harper Collins Publishers, New York, III edition.

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATHINAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Reaccredited with A Grade by NAAC & College with Potential for Excellence by UGC) SIVAKASI – 626 123 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Phil. CHEMISTRY – SEMESTER - II OPTIONAL PAPER II – ADVANCED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY – 14MCH2B

Contact Hours per week: 06 Total Hours per semester: 90 No. of Credits : 09

Objectives: To enable the students to i) have an in depth study of inorganic polymers, organometallic compounds. ii) have an understanding of molecular rearrangements and reactions of coordinated ligands. iii) study the application of metal ions in medicine. iv) know about different types of non - conventional energy systems.

Unit I – Inorganic Polymers

General properties of inorganic polymers – classification – homoatomic – heteroatomic condensation – addition polymers – coordination polymers. Glass transition temperature – phosphorous based polymers – polydimethoxy and polydiethoxy phosphazines – polyphosphoryl chlorides – polyphosphates – metaphosphates – polyphosphates cross linked phosphates – ultraphosphate glasses – borophosphate glasses – uses of phosphorous polymers – polymeric sulphur nitride– chalogenide glasses - coordination polymers – chain polymers –two dimensional polymers – synthetic coordination polymers – polymers having phthalocyanine and related structure – polymers with bis chelating agents.

Unit II – Molecular rearrangements and reactions of coordinated ligands:

Molecular rearrangements of four coordinated complexes – six coordinated complexes – reactions at coordinated ligands – reactions due to metal ion polarization of coordinated ligands – hydrolysis of amino acids esters and amides and of peptides – Aldol condensation – imine formation hydrolysis and substituent exchange – the template effect and macrocyclic ligands.

Unit III -Organometallic compounds:

Alkylidene and alkylidyne complexes – synthesis of alkylidene complexes in low oxidation state and higher oxidation state of metals – synthesis of alkylidyne complexes – synthesis reativity and bonding – cobalt catalysed alkyne cycloaddition reactions.

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Unit IV – Metal ions in Medicine:

Introduction – trace elements – metal deficiency and disease – toxic effect of metals ( Pb, Cd, Hg, & As) and their detoxification – metals used for diagnosis and chemotheraphy – platinum anticancer drugs: discovery, principles and development of drugs – clinical picture of cisplatin and carboplatin – Bioinorganic chemistry of platinum anticancer drugs - design of new inorganic anticancer drugs.

Unit V – Energy and environment:

Sources of energy – fossil fuels – nuclear fission –nuclear fusion- solar energy – use of solar energy in space heating and water heating – production of electricity using solar energy – solar trough collectors – power tower – solar bond – solar energy for driving vehicles – power from indirect solar energy – hydropower, wind power , biomass energy – product of ethanol, methane from biomass – photosynthesis – photo electrochemical cells – geothermal energy – ocean thermal energy conversion – tidal power, air energy.

References:

Unit I 1. B.R. Puri, L.R. Sharma and K.C. Kalia, (2008)Principles of Inorganic Chemsitry, Milestone Publishers, Delhi, 30th edn., 2. Gurdeep raj,(1987)Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Goel Publishing House. Unit II 1. K.F. Purcell and J.C. Kotz,(1987) Inorganic Chemistry Unit III 1. R.C. Mehrotra and A.Singh, (1988)Organometallic Chemistry. Unit IV 1. Ivano Bertini, Harry B.Gray, Stephen J.Lippard and Joan Selverstone Valentine,( 1998) Bioinorganic Chemistry, Viva Books Pvt.Ltd., A.K. De, Environmental Chemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd., 2. A.K. Das,(1979) A text book on Medicinal aspects of Bioinorganic Chemistry, CBS Publishers. Unit V 1. S.S.Dara,(2004) A textbook of environmental chemistry and pollution control, , S. Chand & Co., VII edn.,

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THE STANDARD FIREWORKS RAJARATHINAM COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Reaccredited with A Grade by NAAC & College with Potential for Excellence by UGC) SIVAKASI – 626 123 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY M.Phil. CHEMISTRY – SEMESTER - II OPTIONAL PAPER III – ADVANCED PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY – 14MCH2C

Contact Hours per week : 06 Total Hours per semester: 90 No. of Credits : 09

Objectives: To enable the students to i) know the application of polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries ii) understand the fundamental concepts of chemical sensors and bio electrochemistry iii) have an idea about molecular beam studies iv) derive advanced knowledge on novel materials v) be familiar with application of chemical kinetics.

Unit I – Conducting polymer and Gel type polymer electrolyte for lithium batteries

Polymers with conductive fillers – synthesis of conducting polymers – doping electric properties of conducting polymers – optical properties of conducting polymers - stability – processability - mechanism of electrical conduction – applications of conducting polymers. Polymer electrolyte in solid state lithium ion batteries – PEO based electrolytes – PAN based electrolytes – PMMA based electrolytes – PVDF based electrolytes.

Unit II Novel Materials – Adsorption and surface catalytic reactions

Discovery of fullerenes – experimental setup – synthesis – purification – mass spectrometry and ion/molecule reactions. Chemistry of fullerenes in the condensed phase – Eudohedral Chemistry of fullerenes – pressure effects – conductivity and super conductivities of fullerenes – ferromagnetism in C60 TDAE – unusual properties. Basis of catalytic action – adsorption process on surfaces – Langmuir adsorption isotherm for non-dissociative adsorption – dissociative adsorption – Characteristics of surface – bonded chemical species – CO adsorbed on metals –N 2 adsorped on metals – hydro carbon adsorbed on metal - new approach to study surface catalytic reactions.

Unit III Chemical sensors and Bioelectrochemistry

Chemical sensors- classification – optical sensors – thermal sensors – mass sensors – electrochemical sensors – flow chart for materials procession involved in ceramic gas sensors – humidity sensors – mechanism of humidity sensing with superacid modified surface – semiconducting oxide sensors – mechanism – hydrocarbon sensors.

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Donnan Memebrane equilibrium – Donnal potential – four types of Donnan membrane equilibrium – membrane Potential . Applications of Donnan membrane equilibrium – swelling of gel – tanning of leather. Bioelectrodics – Electrocardiography – membrane potentials.

Unit IV – Molecular beam studies of reactive scattering energy transfer with activation and deactivation process

Theories of energy transfer – resonant and non- resonant transfers – vibrational energy transfer to translation during a collision – intra and inter molecular vibration to vibration transfers in polyatomic molecules. Mechanism of single, double and multiple relaxation times – energy transfer results relevant to kinetics – transfer of rotational energy. Contour diagrams – energy changes on reactions – forward scattering – backward scattering. Reverse reactions for reactions associated with forward and backward scattering – long lived complexes – steric effects – state to state kinetics – A study of some reactions of HCl-HF – reaction with HF and Ba- other reactions of HF – ion-molecule studies.

Unit V – Application of Chemical kinetics in the elucidation of mechanisms of few reactions Reactions of organic compounds – non kinetic methods of determining mechanism – analysis of products – detection of intermediates – isotopic labeling – Reaction of non – integral order – activation parameters - medium effects – Winstein equation – ion pair in SN2 reaction. Kinetics of polymerization reactions – kinetics of step growth polymerization and chain polymerization. Experimental determination of the individual rate constants – ionic chain polymerization – co-polymerization.

References:

Unit I 1. S.M.M.D. Safikur Rahman, Santanu Kundu, (1992).Bulletin of Electro chemistry 8 (11) 2. J.Y. Song, Y.Y. Wang, C.C.Wan, (1999)Journal of Power sources 77, Unit II 1. T. Pradeep (1999),Advances in Physical Chemistry, , Allied Publishers Ltd., Unit III 1. T. Pradeep (1999),Advances in Physical Chemistry, , Allied Publishers Ltd 2. J.N.Gurtu and A.Gurhz .,(2006)Advances in Physical Chemistry, , Pragati edn Unit IV 1. M.R.Wright(1999) Fundamental Chemical kinetics, , Horwood series in chemical sciences. Unit V 1. J. Rajaram and J.C. Kuriacose (1993).Kinetics and Mechanism of Chemical Transformations, Macmillan India Ltd

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