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A 1 Case-PR/ }*Rciofft.;Is Report .A 1 case-PR/ }*rciofft.;is Report (a) This eruption site on Mauna Loa Volcano was the main source of the voluminous lavas that flowed two- thirds of the distance to the town of Hilo (20 km). In the interior of the lava fountains, the white-orange color indicates maximum temperatures of about 1120°C; deeper orange in both the fountains and flows reflects decreasing temperatures (<1100°C) at edges and the surface. (b) High winds swept the exposed ridges, and the filter cannister was changed in the shelter of a p^hoehoc (lava) ridge to protect the sample from gas contamination. (c) Because of the high temperatures and acid gases, special clothing and equipment was necessary to protect the eyes. nose, lungs, and skin. Safety features included military flight suits of nonflammable fabric, fuil-face respirators that are equipped with dual acidic gas filters (purple attachments), hard hats, heavy, thick-soled boots, and protective gloves. We used portable radios to keep in touch with the Hawaii Volcano Observatory, where the area's seismic activity was monitored continuously. (d) Spatter activity in the Pu'u O Vent during the January 1984 eruption of Kilauea Volcano. Magma visible in the circular conduit oscillated in a piston-like fashion; spatter was ejected to heights of 1 to 10 m. During this activity, we sampled gases continuously for 5 hours at the west edge. Cover photo: This aerial view of Kilauea Volcano was taken in April 1984 during overflights to collect gas samples from the plume. The bluish portion of the gas plume contained a far higher density of fine-grained scoria (ash). At the peak of activity, lava fountained at least 100 m above the 30-m-high cone. Note the ballistically ejected scoria bombs (small red spatter) that appear to be falling like rain beneath the main lava fountain; they ranged from 0.1 to 1 m in diameter. Streaks of color at the lower right of the vent indicate the paths of bombs as they avalanched down the cone flanks. The wide red-orange ribbon is the main lava channel, which fed flows that traveled from 5 to 10 km from the vent. Isotope •msstry Division O^ta*>orl983-Septe«)J5erl984 d LA—10366-PR DE85 016204 . Hoffman E Heikerf , Editor LA-10366?Pa Progress Ratwrt "I *'' UC-4 issued: April 1935 3^1 JfiJilli 1..,., ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Preparation of this report required the knowledge, cooperation, and skills of many people. Staff members who served as technical reviewers were James E. Sattizahn and Jere Knight (Overview). Alexander J. Gancarz (Sec. I and 2). P. Gary Eller(Sec. 3). Eiichi Fukushima(Sec. 4). Bruce M. Crowe (Sec. 5). Robert R. Ryan (Sec. 6). Basil 1. Swanson (Sec. 7). Jerry Wilhelmy and Bruce J. Dropesky (Sec. 8). Merle E. Bunker (Sec. 9). Charles M. Miller (Sec. 10). Allen S. Mason (Sec. 11). and Robert C. Reedy (Sec. 12). Word processors who prepared ihe original drafts were Jane L. Fernandez. Marielle S. Fcnstermaeher. Jean King. Cathy J. Schuch. Lia M. Mitchell. Carla E. Gallegos. Kay L. Coen. and Joann Brown; final corrections were made by Lia M. Mitchell. Jane L. Fernandez, and Carla E. Gallegos. additional assistance was provided by Michelle L. Brewer and Barbara J. Anderson. The report was designed by Gail Flower (Group IS-12). typeset by Chris West (Group IS-10) and Jane L. Fernandez, and pasted up by Janey Howard. Photos for the cover, inside front cover, and the article by Crowe ct. al. were taken by team members Gregory K. Bayhurst. William B. Boynton (University of Arizona). Bruce M. Crowe. David B. Curtis. David L. Finnegan, Eugene ... Mroz. Diane Hermann (University of Maryland), and William H. Zoller (University of Washington). GLOSSARY APS autocorrelator photon spectroscopy CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research CMP carbamoyl methylene phosphonate DAS data aquisition system DCX double-charge exchange DIAS double isobaric state DNC delayed neutron counting DOE Department of Energy EXAFS extended x-ray absorption fine structure FFTF Fast Flux Test Facility FOOF difiourine dioxide FWHM full width half maximum GCR galactic cosmic ray GIK glucose-insulin-potassium GSI Gesellschaft Fur Schwerionenforschung HEFT heavy-element fission tracer HESF high-energy symmetric fission HHIRF Oak Ridge Holifield Heavy Ion Research Facility HPLC high-pressure liquid chromotography IAEA International Atomic Energy Association IAS isobaric analog state ICONs program named for the Isotopes of Carbon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen ILWOG Interlaboratory Working Group INAA instrumental neutron activation analysis INEL Idaho Nuclear Engineering Laboratory IOH inside-out Helmholtz IPF Isotope Production Facility LAMPF Los Alamos Meson Facility LBL Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory LEAP Large Einsteinium Activation Program LLNL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory MWPG multiwire proportional counters NAA neutron activation analysis NBS National Bureau of Standards NCL Nuclear chemistry Laboratory (at LAMPF) NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NNWSI Nevada Nuclear Waste Storage investigations NTS Nevada Test Site MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory OWR Omega West Reactor PA Ps. aeruginosa PIXE proton-induced x-ray emission QCD quantum chromodynamics RBS Rutherford backscattering RNM radionuclide migration RR resonance raman SCX single-charge exchange SIR Stable Isotopes Resource SISAK short-iived isotope separated by the AKUVE technique SNC Shergottite, Nakhlite, Chassigny (meteorites) SNL Sandia National Laboratories TBAH tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide TKE total kenetic energy TOFI time-of-flight isochronous spectrometer TRIUMF meson facility in Vancouver, BC, Canada UNILAC Universal Linear Accelerator, GSI USGS Unites States Geological Survey XRD x-ray diffraction / ' OyervieW , • v "" '. -, • - \ ' -'I , Rc3dioch©rnical Diagnostics of 1i"; Weapons Tests 17 Weapons Radiochemical Diagnostics 2r Research and Development 21 Other'Undassified Weapons Research 35 Stable and Radioactive Isotope Pro- 4• -ductioa Separation and Applications 49 "Element and Isotope iMnsport 5•; and: Fixation ^ 79 ^A0tinide and transition 6i J^etal Chemistry 105 Stmetwal Chemistry, Spectroscopy 7i andd ApplicationAliti s I^Juclear Structure anc|. Reactions 91 Advanced Analytical Techniques: Development and Applications ] 1 Ataidsphetic Chemistry and Transport \ya o Earth and Plan«ptary Proce^es 2O7 ' ;:- ' 223 DIVISIONAL OVERVIEW 3 A YEAR OF TRANSITION Donald VV. Barr This past year brought a transition in the leadership of INC Division. Division Leader Darleane C. Hoffman resigned her position to become Professor of Chemistry at the University of California at Berkeley, and I was appointed to succeed her as Division Leader on August 27, 1984. Darleane leaves her Los Alamos career with an im- pressive record. Beginning with her early work on the nuclear chemistry of the transuranium elements produced in nuclear explosions, she established the properties of a wide variety of new or little-known nuclides ranging from the light lanthanides to the heavy actinides. At the same time, she contributed steadily and importantly to a broad spectrum of programmatic ac- tivities, including radiochemical diagnostics of weapons tests, the nuclear rocket propulsion program, nuclear- power waste management, and the education and train- ing of Laboratory employees. The willing application of her versatile talents has brought her a number of impor- tant international committee appointments and honors. A recent one was the 1983 American Chemical Society Award for Nuclear Chemistry. As INC Division Leader, Darleane Hoffman brought an imaginative and inspiring leadership style to the Division's programs and day-to- Darleane C. Hoffman day operations. She leaves a strong and vigorous scien- Prof. Univ. California, Berkeley tific organization. I have great confidence in the abilities of our personnel and anticipate both an expanding role for INC Division in vital Laboratory programs and continued exciting contributions to the world of science. Donald W. Barr INC Division Leader 4 DIVISIONAL OVERVIEW LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY ISOTOPE & NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY (INC) DIVISION DIVISION LEADER 0. W. BARR DEPUTY DIVISION LEADER J. E. SATT12AHN ASSOCIATE DIVISION LEADERS RADIOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSTICS- ADVANCED RESEARCH CONCEPTS- B. R. ERDAL ASST. DIVISION LEADER FOR FINANCE H. A. LINDBERG INC-3 IHC-4 INC-5 MEDICAL RADIOISOTOPES ISOTOPE AND RESEARCH REACTOR RESEARCH STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY GROUP LEADER -B. I. SWANSON GROUP LEADER -H. A. O'BRIEN DEPUTY GROUP LEADER - R. R. RYAN GROUP LEADER-M. E. BUNKER ASSOCIATE GROUP LEADERS DEPUTY C-10UP LEADER" D.C. MOODY DEPUTY GROUP LEADER-M. M. MINOR FLUORINE CHEMISTRY- P. G. ELLER STABLE ISOTOPES-T.R. MILLS INC-7 IHC-lii ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY NUCLEAR AND RADIOCHEMISTRY GROUP LEADER - E. A. BRYANT GROUP LEADER - W. R. DANIELS DEPUTY GROUP LEADER - A. J. GANCARZ DEPUTY GROUP LEADER - G. F. GRISHAM ASSOCIATE GROUP LEADERS ASSOCIATE GROUP LEADERS GEOCHEMISTRY - DATA ACQUISITION - J. P. BALAGNA RADIOCHEMISTRY - K. WOLFSBERG LAMPF - B. J. DROPESKY RADIOCHEMISTRY - G. W. KNOBELOCH ASSISTANT GROUP LEADER FOR ASSISTANT GROUP LEADER FOR ATMOSPHERIC PROJECTS - P. R. GUTHALo ADMINISTRATION - C.C. LONGMIRE In this year of transition, there have been shifts in both our Division and Group managements. This chart reflects the organization as of April 1985; the personnel changes we list here have occurred since last year's organization chart was printed. Darleane C. Hoffman left the Division in August 1984 to take a faculty position at the University of California, Berkeley. Donald W. Barr assumed the
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