Gukurahundi Unclassified

GUKURAHUNDI UNCLASSIFIED

CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U.S DIPLOMATIC CABLES MNANGAGWA ROLE AND VIEWS SUBJECT 1: MNANGAGWA SAYS RSA HAS STOPPED BANDIT INCURSIONS SUBJECT 2: BANDITS POINT THE WAY TO BODIES OF FARMERS SUBJECT 3: CALL ON MNANGAGWA SUBJECT 4: MUNANGAGWA FINDS SECRET ZIPRA BASES SUBJECT 5: MATABELELAND SITUATION: MEETING WITH MNANGAGWA SUBJECT 6: MATABELELAND SITUATION: MEETING WITH MNANGAGWA SUBJECT 7: MINISTER SPEAKS ON SECURITY SITUATION, RELATIONS WITH BOTSWANA, SOUTH AFRICA SUBJECT 8: MATABELELAND: MNANGAGWA SAYS DISSIDENTS ARE ON THE RUN, DENYS FOOD DISTRIBUTION BEING HINDERED SUBJECT 9: MATABELELAND: MNANGAGWA SAYS DISSIDENTS ARE ON THE RUN, DENYS FOOD DISTRIBUTION BEING HINDERED SUBJECT 10: MATABELELAND: MNANGAGWA SAYS DISSIDENTS ARE ON THE RUN, DENYS FOOD DISTRIBUTION BEING HINDERED SUBJECT 11: MINISTER SPEAKS ON SECURITY SITUATION, RELATIONS WITH BOTSWANA, SOUTH AFRICA SUBJECT 12: WELFARE/WHEREABOUTS: ABDUCTION OF AMCITS IN - ZIMBABWE SUBJECT 13: SECURITY MINISTER SAYS THREE SOUTH AFRICAN SPIES CAUGHT MUGABE ROLE AND VIEWS SUBJECT 1: AMCITS ABDUCTED IN ZIMBABWE: MUGABE "ENCOURAGED" BY NKOMO'S EFFORTS SUBJECT 2: MUGABE AND BANANA COMMENT ON SECURITY SITUATION - AND ALLEGATIONS OF ATROCITIES SUBJECT 3: MUGABE ANNOUNCES CABINET CHANGES; NKOMO OUT SUBJECT 4: MEETING WITH MUGABE SUBJECT 5: MEETING WITH THE PRIME MINISTER SUBJECT 6: PRESS ACCOUNT OF MUGABE NEW DELHI INTERVIEW SUBJECT 7: MUGABE ON FIVE BRIGADE ACTIVITIES SUBJECT 8: MUGABE REPLIES TO QUESTIONS IN PARLIAMENT SUBJECT 9: MUGABE VISITS FIVE BRIGADE, CALLS FOR DISCIPLINE SUBJECT 10: MUGABE VISITS MATABELELAND SUBJECT 11: MUGABE VISITS MATABELELAND; APPEALS FOR UNITY SUBJECT 12: MUGABE'S NEW YEAR'S MESSAGE: GENERALLY UPBEAT UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256847 Date: 09/24/2013

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CINCEUR ALSO FOR POLAD

E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PREL, PTER, PINS, ZI, SF, MZ SUBJECT: MNANGAGWA SAYS RSA HAS STOPPED BANDIT INCURSIONS

1. MINISTER OF STATE FOR SECURITY EMMERSON MNANGAGWA TOLD REUTERS ON WEDNESDAY THAT THERE HAVE BEEN NO FRESH BANDIT INCURSIONS INTO ZIMBABWE FROM SOUTH AFRICA SINCE THE SIGNING OF THE NKOMATI AGREEMENT, ACCORDING TO A FRONT-PAGE STORY IN THE HERALD JULY 27. THE GOZ BELIEVES THAT THE SAG MIGHT HAVE LESSENED ITS SUPPORT FOR DISSI- DENTS WITHIN ZIMBABWE BECAUSE OF RECENT POLITICAL EVENTS UNCLASSIFIED

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IN THE REGION, MNANGAGWA SAID. HE ADDED, HOWEVER, THAT IT IS TOO EARLY TO TELL WHETHER THIS IS A CHANGE OF POLICY BY THE SAG, OR MERELY A "POLITICAL PLOY" TO IMPROVE THEIR IMAGE WORLDWIDE.

2. THE MINISTER WAS ASKED TO COMMENT ON THE POSSIBILITY THAT THE SAG MIGHT "REDIRECT" THE RENAMO GUERRILLAS FROM ATTACKING MOZAMBICAN TARGETS TO CONCENTRATE THEIR EFFORTS IN ZIMBABWE, AS REPORTED IN AN AMERICAN MAGAZINE. HE REPLIED THAT THERE WAS NO EVIDENCE THAT RENAMO HAD ANY

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256847 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256847 Date: 09/24/2013

SUCH PLANS, ALTHOUGH THERE HAD BEEN SEVERAL INCIDENTS OF CROSS-BORDER ACTIVITY, PRIMARILY ROBBERY, THEFT, ASSAULT, AND CATTLE RUSTLING. HE NOTED THAT THERE HAD IN THE PAST BEEN ATTACKS BY RENAMO ON THE BEIRA-MUTARE PIPELINE AND OTHER ZIMBABWEAN LINES OF COMMUNICATION INSIDE MOZAMBIQUE. ATTACKS, SUCH AS THOSE ON TRUCK CONVOYS CARRYING MAIZE OR OTHER GOODS FROM MALAWI, DO HAVE A DIRECT BEARING ON THE ZIMBABWEAN ECONOMY, MNANGAGWA SAID.

3. SPEAKING ABOUT THE INTERNAL SECURITY SITUATION, THE MINISTER REPORTEDLY TOLD REUTERS THAT THERE ARE INDICATIONS THAT "BANDITRY" IS ON THE DECREASE AND PREDICTED THAT IF THE DISSIDENTS DO NOT RECEIVE EXTERNAL HELP THE GOZ WOULD BE ON TOP OF THE SITUATION BY THE TIME OF THE GENERAL ELECTION. GOZ TROOPS HAD KILLED 116 BANDITS AND CAPTURED "A NUMBER OF OTHERS" SINCE THE CURFEW WAS IMPOSED IN MATABELELAND SOUTH THIS YEAR. HE ESTIMATED THAT BETWEEN 100-200 BANDITS WERE OPERATING IN THE COUNTRY AT PRESENT, ESPECIALLY IN THE COMMUNAL FARMING AREAS, BUT NO MORE THAT 50 ARE BELIEVED TO BE STILL WITHIN THE CURFEW AREA. RECENT INTELLIGENCE INDICATED THAT ZAPU ELEMENTS WERE STILL RECRUITING FORMER ZIPRA PERSONNEL FOR TRAINING IN SOUTH AFRICA, THE MINISTER SAID. UNCLASSIFIED

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4. MNANGAGWA SAID THE CURFEW HAD LED TO AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE GENERAL SECURITY SITUATION, AND SOME ASPECTS OF THE CURFEW HAVE BEEN RELAXED. THE CURFEW ALSO GAVE THE GOZ THE CHANCE TO EXPLAIN ITS POLICIES TO THE PEOPLE, MANY OF WHOM ARE NOW WILLING TO COOPERATE. "ONCE IT IS CLEAR THAT THE PEOPLE HAVE REJECTED BANDITRY COMPLETELY, BANDITRY WILL DISAPPEAR, AS WILL THE CURFEW," HE STATED. "IT IS OUR EARNEST DESIRE TO ENSURE THAT THE PEOPLE OF MATABELELAND AND CONTIGUOUS AREAS WHERE BANDITRY HAS OCCURRED SHOULD BE PERMITTED TO CAST THEIR VOTES FREELY AND WITHOUT FEAR," MNANGAGWA SAID.

5. COMMENT: THIS IS THE FIRST TIME THE LOCAL PRESS HAS REPORTED A GOZ MINISTER AS SAYING THAT SOUTH AFRICA HAS BACKED OFF. END COMMENT MILLER

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256847 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256847 Date: 09/24/2013

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E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PINS, PGOV, ZI SUBJECT: BANDITS POINT THE WAY TO BODIES OF FARMERS

1. THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR SECURITY, EMMERSON MNANGAGWA, DISCLOSED ON SEPT. 4 THAT SECURITY FORCES, ACTING ON INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM CAPTURED BANDITS, HAVE DISCOVERED WHAT APPEAR TO BE THE REMAINS OF TWO FARMERS KIDNAPPED IN MATABELELAND. THE BODIES ARE "APPARENTLY IDENTICAL" TO ROBERT DYER-SMITH, 77, WHO WAS ABDUCTED ON MARCH 16, AND DAVID BILANG, 24, WHO WAS CAPTURED ON NEW YEAR'S EVE. IN ADDITION, THE MINISTER SAID, THE BANDITS HAD ADMITTED COMPLICITY IN UNCLASSIFIED

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THE MURDER OF THE STRATFORD FAMILY, AN ELDERLY COUPLE AND THEIR TWO GRANDDAUGHTERS WHO WERE MURDERED ON MARCH 18.

2. MR. DYER-SMITH HAD BEEN ABDUCTED WHEN HE AND TWO WORKERS DROVE OUT TO HIS FARM TO INVESTIGATE REPORTS OF A DEAD COW. HE WAS TAKEN BY A GROUP OF SIX DISSI- DENTS AND THE WORKERS WERE FREED AFTER BEING HANDED A RANSOM NOTE DEMANDING THE RELEASE OF THE FORMER ZIPRA COMMANDERS LOOKOUT MASUKU AND DUMISO DABENGWA.

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256711 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256711 Date: 09/24/2013

MR. BILANG WAS TAKEN WITH HIS GRANDFATHER, MR. BENJY WILLIAMS, BY A GROUP OF 18 ARMED MEN. MR. WILLIAMS' BODY WAS FOUND ABOUT SIX KILOMETERS FROM THE SCENE OF THE ABDUCTION. THE FAMILIES OF BOTH DYER-SMITH AND BILANG HAD OFFERED SUBSTANTIAL REWARDS FOR INFORMATION, BUT NONE WAS FORTHCOMING. THE STRATFORD FAMILY WERE KILLED WITH A SINGLE BULLET EACH FROM MR. STRATFORD'S REVOLVER BY MEMBERS OF A SIX-MAN GANG.

3. THE MINISTER SAID THE CAPTURED BANDITS HAD ALSO ADMITTED COMPLICITY IN OTHER ACTS OF BANDITRY IN MATABELELAND, BUT HE GAVE NO FURTHER DETAILS. KEELEY

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EXDIS DECAPTIONED E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: PREL, ZI, US SUBJECT: CALL ON MNANGAGWA

1. C - ENTIRE TEXT.

2. SUMMARY. DURING A CORDIAL ONE-HOUR COURTESY CALL BY AMBASSADOR MILLER ON MINISTER OF STATE (SECURITY) EMMERSON MNANGAGWA ON JUNE 18, MNANGAGWA VOLUNTEERED TO BE INFORMAL CHANNEL ON IMPORTANT FOREIGN AFFAIRS QUESTIONS. HE ALSO CASTIGATED ZAPU OFFICIALS FOR PUBLICLY DECRYING DISSIDENT ACTIONS, BUT PRIVATELY CONTINUING THEIR SUPPORT TO DISSIDENTS, IMPLYING THAT THE GOVERNMENT WOULD CONTINUE AND POSSIBLY EXTEND ITS ANTI-ZAPU ACTIVITIES. MNANGAGWA AGREED TO AMBASSADOR'S REQUEST THAT HOSTAGE PARENT(S) TRAVEL TO ZIMBABWE TO MEET PERSONALLY WITH DETAINEE "ESKIMO" WHO CLAIMS TO HAVE KNOWLEDGE OF HOSTAGES. END SUMMARY.

3. AMBASSADOR MILLER MENTIONED SOME OF THE PROBLEMS IN ESTABLISHING A PRODUCTIVE DIALOGUE WITH THE FOREIGN MINISTER AND THE MFA, TRACING ZIMBABWE'S PRESENT ISOLATION IN MAJOR FLS DEVELOPMENTS TO A LACK OF CONSTRUCTIVE DISCUSSIONS WITH THE MFA. HE SAID FEW TOP OFFICIALS ARE WILLING TO STOP IN ZIMBABWE IF ZIMBABWE CONFIDENTIAL

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HAS NO POSITIVE IDEAS TO PUT FORWARD OR UNWILLING TO SERIOUSLY DISCUSS THE ISSUES. MNANGAGWA LISTENED VERY ATTENTIVELY, AND NODDED IN UNDERSTANDING IF NOT AGREEMENT, ADDING THAT IF THE AMBASSADOR BELIEVES HE IS NOT GETTING THROUGH TO THE MFA, HE NEED ONLY CALL HIM DIRECTLY "WITHOUT TELLING PROTOCOL." HE EMPHASIZED THAT HIS DOOR WILL ALWAYS BE OPEN TO DISCUSS MATTERS OF IMPORTANCE WHICH CANNOT BE RESOLVED IN OTHER CHANNELS.

4. AMBASSADOR MILLER MENTIONED THE VERY NEGATIVE EFFECT

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256834 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256834 Date: 09/24/2013

THE GOVERNMENTS ANTI-DISSIDENT OPERATIONS IS HAVING IN THE UNITED STATES, ESPECIALLY AMONG CERTAIN MEMBERS OF CONGRESS AND THE MEDIA. DIALOGUE ON THIS ISSUE WAS IMPORTANT TO HELP HIM EXPLAIN ZIMBABWE TO THE POLICY- MAKERS IN WASHINGTON. AMBASSADOR SAID THE U.S. WANTED TO BE HELPFUL IN FINDING A SOLUTION TO THE DIVISIONS BETWEEN ZAPU AND ZANU AND TO THE TERRIBLE PROBLEMS OF MATABELELAND. AND INVITED SUGGESTIONS FROM MNANGAGWA ON HOW THE U.S. MIGHT PLAY A USEFUL, CONSTRUCTIVE ROLE. AS AN EXAMPLE, MILLER SAID THAT THE DECISION ANNOUNCED JUNE 17 TO BAN ZAPU WOULD NOT BE WELL-RECEIVED BY SOME QUARTERS IN THE U.S., AND THE AMBASSADOR WOULD HAVE TO INTERPRET THE MEANING AND INTENT OF THIS DECISION. MNANGAGWA SAID THAT ZAPU WAS NOT BEING BANNED IN MIDLANDS PROVINCE; ONLY PUBLIC MEETINGS BY ZAPU WERE BEING BANNED INDEFINITELY IN MIDLANDS BECAUSE THERE IS "NO SHRED OF DOUBT" THAT DISSIDENTS ARE BEING ASSISTED BY ZAPU LEADER- SHIP, WHICH PUBLICLY CRITICIZES DISSIDENT ACTIONS BUT PRIVATELY GIVES SUPPORT TO THEM. MNANGAGWA THEN WENT INTO CONSIDERABLE DETAIL ON INTELLIGENCE WHICH FIRMLY LINKED THE MOST RECENT MURDER BY DISSIDENTS OF A ZANU OFFICIAL (THE SECOND IN THREE WEEKS) TO ACTIVE SUPPORT THEY HAD RECEIVED FROM LOCAL ZAPU OFFICIALS. HE SAID CONFIDENTIAL

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THESE ZAPU NETWORKS IN THE COUNTRYSIDE HAVE EXISTED "FOREVER" AND THEY HAD TO BE EXPOSED AND "CLEANED OUT." "IT IS OUR DUTY (TO PROTECT CITIZENS AND OVERALL NATIONAL SECURITY) REGARDLESS OF WHAT OTHERS THINK." (COMMENT: MNANGAGWA DID NOT DISTINGUISH BETWEEN NATIONAL AND LOCAL ZAPU LEADERS IN HIS CRITICISM, BUT LEFT NO DOUBT THAT THE GOZ LEADERSHIP IS CONVINCED THAT "ZAPU LEADERS" ARE AIDING AND ABETTING THE DISSIDENTS. IN THIS CONTEXT, THE PRESENT OPERATION OF ROUNDING UP ALL SUSPECT NDEBELE OR ZAPU INDIVIDUALS IN MASHONALAND WEST, AND SUNDAY'S BANNING OF ZAPU PUBLIC MEETINGS IN MIDLANDS MAY ONLY BE THE BEGINNING OF A NATIONWIDE ANTI- ZAPU CAMPAIGN.)

5. JUST BEFORE LEAVING AMBASSADOR MILLER MENTIONED THE REQUEST OF THE HOSTAGE PARENT(S), SPECIFICALLY MR. ELLIS, TO TRAVEL TO ZIMBABWE TO TALK TO "ESKIMO," THE FORMER ZIPRA GUERRILLA WHO IS PRESENTLY IN DETENTION AND CLAIMS TO HAVE KNOWLEDGE OF THEIR PRESENT LOCATION. MILLER POINTED OUT THAT WHILE THE CHANCES OF ELLIS DEVELOPING NEW INFORMATION WERE PROBABLY SLIM, IT WAS PERHAPS WORTH TRYING. LOCAL LAWYERS AND THE CONTROL RISK PEOPLE HAD ENDORSED THE IDEA, BUT HE WANTED TO BE CERTAIN THAT MNANGAGWA AND THE PRIME MINISTER WERE NOT OPPOSED. MNANGAGWA SAID HE SAW NO PROBLEM AND THE PRIME MINISTER WOULD HAVE NO OBJECTIONS EITHER; ZIMBABWE HAD ALWAYS TRIED TO DO EVERYTHING POSSIBLE TO RESOLVE

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256834 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256834 Date: 09/24/2013

THE CASE, AND WOULD NOT STAND IN THE WAY OF A PERSONAL MEETING AS PROPOSED BY THE AMBASSADOR. MILLER THANKED MNANGAGWA FOR ZIMBABWE'S TOTAL SUPPORT ON THE HOSTAGE ISSUE, ADDING THAT THIS SUPPORT WAS UNDERSTOOD AND APPRECIATED BY ALL IN WASHINGTON AS WELL AS THE PARENTS.

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MILLER

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UNCLAS SALISBURY 1638

CAPE TOWN FOR EMBASSY

E012065NA TAGS: PORS, MILT, PINT, ZI SUBJ: MUNANGAGWA FINDS SECRET ZIPRA BASES

REF: A. SALISBURY 1485, B. SALISBURY 1523, C. SALISBURY 1472

1. ZIMBABWE MINISTER OF STATE EMMERSON MUNANGAGWA CALLED A PRESS CONFERENCE IN BULAWAYO MARCH 31 TO ANNOUNCE THAT THE GOZ HAS SEIZED MILITARY CAMPS IN MATABELELAND WHERE PEOPLE WERE BEING TRAINED TO OVERTHROW THE GOVERNMENT AND ARRESTED THOSE INVOLVED. HE CLAIMED EVIDENCE CONNECTED THE SECRET CAMPS TO JOSHUA NKOMO'S ZAPU AND THAT SOME LEADERS OF ZAPU KNEW ABOUT THEM. SOME OF THOSE ARRESTED, MUNANGAGWA SAID, ARE FORMER ZIPRA COMBATANTS. (MUNANGAGWA WAS VERY VAGUE ABOUT THE NUMBERS INVOLVED AND THE POTENTIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SECRET TRAINING). MUNANGAGWA ACCUSED "DISSIDENTS" OF CAUSING UNCLASSIFIED

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SECURITY PROBLEMS IN MATABELELAND, SUCH AS THE DEATH OF TWO CIVILIANS (REF A) AND LAST WEEKEND'S MURDER OF A POLICEMAN IN THE RURAL MATOPOS AREA.

2. IN OTHER SECURITY-RELATED MATTERS,SPECULATION ABOUT JOSHUA NKOMO'S WHEREABOUTS IS NOW WIDESPREAD. HE HAS NOT BEEN SEEN IN PUBLIC FOR WEEKS AND RUMORS ABOUND THAT HE WAS LEFT THE COUNTRY. ZAPU SOURCES (EG ) CONTEND THAT HE IS SIMPLY RESTING IN BULAWAYO. THE SUBVISION TRIAL OF

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

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AND THREE OTHERS ENTERED ITS FOURTH WEEK. THE DEFENSE HAS TRIED TO PROVE THE PLANS FOR A MATABELE SECESSION WERE JUST WILD TALK, WITH NO TIMETABLE FOR IMPLEMENTATION. KEELEY

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E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: PINS, SHUM, PREL, EAGR, EAID, ZI SUBJECT: MATABELELAND SITUATION: MEETING WITH MNANGAGWA

REF: HARARE 1356 AND PREVIOUS

1. C - ENTIRE TEXT.

2. SUMMARY: MY MEETING WITH MINISTER MNANGAGWA WENT WELL COMING ON THE HEELS OF MINISTER MUBAKO'S POSITIVE MARCH 7 PRESS STATEMENT (HARARE 1375). WE WILL MONITOR THE GOZ'S FOLLOW-THROUGH, AND ENCOURAGE THE GOZ TO INVITE THE PRESS TO OBSERVE ITS FOOD RELIEF EFFORTS. END SUMMARY.

3. I MET PRIVATELY WITH MINISTER OF STATE FOR SECURITY MNANGAGWA THIS MORNING. HAPPILY, I WAS ABLE TO OPEN THE CONVERSATION BY NOTING THAT MINISTER MUBAKO'S STATEMENT (HARARE 1375) IN THE HERALD AND ON THE RADIO STRUCK ME AS A POSITIVE STEP. I WENT ON THAT I HAD ASKED TO SEE HIM PRIVATELY TO DISCUSS THE ALLEGATIONS WHICH MUBAKO HAD ADDRESSED. THESE ALLEGATIONS WERE UNDERSTANDABLY DISTURB- ING TO ALL DONOR COUNTRIES AND, IF NOT PROMPTLY LAID TO REST, COULD PLACE IN JEOPARDY THE WILLINGNESS OF MANY TO CONFIDENTIAL

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RESPOND POSITIVELY TO ZIMBABWE'S VERY LEGITIMATE EMERGENCY FOOD AID REQUESTS. NO ONE, I EMPHASIZED, QUESTIONED THE GOZ'S OBLIGATION TO DEAL WITH THE SERIOUS DISSIDENT SIT- UATION IT FACED, BUT WE ARE CONCERNED ABOUT TACTICS. ABOVE ALL, THERE WAS NO REASON WHY THIS SORT OF ISSUE SHOULD LEAD TO ANY FORM OF U.S.-GOZ CONFRONTATION.

4. MNANGAGWA SAID HE WAS PLEASED I HAD COME TO SEE HIM PERSONALLY, AVOIDING "PROTOCOL." HE THEN RECOUNTED HOW HE WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR MUBAKO'S STATEMENT--BUT NEVER

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

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ACKNOWLEDGED THAT THE ALLEGATIONS MIGHT BE TRUE. HE SAID SENATOR NORMAN HAD RAISED THE MATTER WITH HIM AT CABINET ON TUESDAY, AND THAT HE HAD IMMEDIATELY SUMMONED THE "MILITARY CHIEFS" TO DEMAND AN EXPLANATION. HE THEN MET WITH OTHER MINISTERS, AND IT WAS EVENTUALLY DECIDED THAT MUBAKO SHOULD "REPEAT" GOVERNMENT POLICY.

5. I THANKED HIM FOR HIS EFFORTS, AND EXPRESSED THE HOPE THAT FOOD WOULD QUICKLY FLOW INTO THE ALLEGEDLY AFFECTED AREAS. I SUGGESTED THAT SINCE THE ALLEGATIONS OF FOOD DEPRIVATION WERE ALREADY APPEARING IN THE WORLD PRESS, I THOUGHT THE GOZ WOULD BE WISE TO INVITE THE PRESS TO ACCOMPANY THE TRUCKS DISTRIBUTING FOOD. HE GOT THE POINT, BUT MADE NO COMMITMENT.

6. AFTER SEVERAL INTERRUPTIONS FOR PHONE CALLS AND AN ANECDOTE ABOUT JOSHUA NKOMO'S ARMORED MERCEDES, I MENTIONED MY CONCERN ABOUT RECENT RUMORS OF CORRUP- TION IN THE DROUGHT RELIEF EFFORT. NOTING HOW DIFFICULT IT HAD BEEN TO OBTAIN EMERGENCY FOOD AID FROM OUR CONGRESS FOR ZAIRE SOME YEARS AGO BECAUSE OF WIDE- SPREAD REPORTS OF CORRUPTION THERE, I OBSERVED THAT I WAS SURE ZIMBABWE WOULD WANT TO AVOID THAT SORT OF CONFIDENTIAL

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PROBLEM. MNANGAGWA RESPONDED "YOU ARE RIGHT, AND WE'VE ALREADY ARRESTED TEN PEOPLE AND ARE INVESTIGATING OTHERS." I SUGGESTED THESE ARRESTS SHOULD BE PUBLI- CIZED AS A DETERRENT TO OTHERS AND AS A REASSURANCE TO DONOR COUNTRIES. MNANGAGWA SEEMED TO GRASP THE POINT.

7. THE MEETING ENDED WITH THE MINISTER AGAIN THANKING ME FOR COMING TO SEE HIM, AND THAT I SHOULDN'T HESITATE TO CALL HIM WHEN THERE WERE SENSITIVE MATTERS TO DISCUSS.

8. COMMENT. THANKS TO NORMAN'S EFFORTS, WE'VE MADE SOME PROGRESS THIS WEEK. WELL BE WATCHING FOR GOZ FOLLOW THROUGH. REGARDLESS OF WHAT THE GOZ DOES TO TURN THINGS AROUND, WE SHOULD EXPECT TO SEE SOME PRETTY ROUGH STUFF IN THE PRESS.

9. SEPARATELY, AID DIRECTOR MET ON MARCH 9 WITH NEW SECRETARY OF FINANCE AND ECONOMIC PLANNING MUSHYAKARARA. PURPOSE OF THE MEETING WAS A GENERAL REVIEW OF PROGRAM. AT ONE POINT, ONE OF THE SIX GOZ STAFF ASKED ABOUT PROSPECTS FOR ADDITIONAL PL 480 MAIZE. THEY WERE AWARE OF THE SUPPLEMENTAL NOW BEFORE CONGRESS AND WONDERED IF ZIMBABWE COULD MAKE ADDITIONAL REQUEST. STACY USED OPPORTUNITY TO EXPRESS OUR CONCERNS ABOUT REPORTS OF FOOD SHORTAGES IN MATABELELAND AND USE OF THE CURFEW TO RESTRICT SHIPMENTS INTO THE AREA. THE

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SECRETARY WAS TOLD THAT IF THESE ALLEGATIONS WERE TRUE OR IF THE GOZ WAS NOT INVESTIGATING OR PROSECUTING THOSE ACCUSED OF FOOD DIVERSION OR CORRUPTION WITHIN THE

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GOVERNMENT RELIEF PROGRAM, WE WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO PROVIDE ANOTHER KERNEL OF MAIZE. THE SECRETARY SAID HE APPRECIATED THE SERIOUS NATURE OF THESE ALLEGATIONS AND HOW THESE COULD PRESENT DIFFICULTIES FOR ANY FOOD AID DONOR. WITHOUT AGREEING TO THEIR VALIDITY, HE SAID HE HAD THE MESSAGE AND WOULD BRIEF HIS MINISTER. HE CONCLUDED BY ASKING HIS STAFF TO PREPARE A COMPRE- HENSIVE UPDATE OF THE MAIZE SITUATION WITH THE VIEW OF AN ADDITIONAL REQUEST TO THE U.S. THIS SEEMS TO SUGGEST HIS CONFIDENCE THAT THE FOOD DISTRIBUTION AND CURFEW QUESTIONS WOULD BE RESOLVED.

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10. THE BRITISH HIGH COMMISSION HAS ALSO DONE MORE BEHIND THE SCENES THIS WEEK THAN WE HAD EARLIER ANTICI- PATED, TALKING WITH THE DIRECTOR OF INFORMATION AND OTHERS. HIGH COMMISSIONER EWANS SAW MUBAKO ON ANOTHER MATTER LATE THIS MORNING, AND AT OUR SUGGESTION RAISED THE MATABELELAND SITUATION USING MUBAKO'S STATEMENT AS A PEG. MUBAKO CONCEDED THAT THINGS HAD GOTTEN OUT OF CONFIDENTIAL

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HAND, AND THAT THE GOZ WAS NOW RECTIFYING THE SITUATION. LANPHER

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4. MNANGAGWA SAID HE WAS PLEASED I HAD COME TO SEE HIM PERSONALLY, AVOIDING "PROTOCOL." HE THEN RECOUNTED HOW HE WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR MUBAKO'S STATEMENT--BUT NEVER

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7. THE MEETING ENDED WITH THE MINISTER AGAIN THANKING ME FOR COMING TO SEE HIM, AND THAT I SHOULDN'T HESITATE TO CALL HIM WHEN THERE WERE SENSITIVE MATTERS TO DISCUSS.

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SECRETARY WAS TOLD THAT IF THESE ALLEGATIONS WERE TRUE OR IF THE GOZ WAS NOT INVESTIGATING OR PROSECUTING THOSE ACCUSED OF FOOD DIVERSION OR CORRUPTION WITHIN THE

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HAND, AND THAT THE GOZ WAS NOW RECTIFYING THE SITUATION. LANPHER

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REF: GABORONE 2318 (NOTAL)

1. (U) SUMMARY: THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR SECURITY, EMMERSON MNANGAGWA, DISCUSSED VARIOUS ASPECTS OF THE SECURITY SITUATION IN THE COUNTRY DURING A VISIT TO BULAWAYO THIS PAST WEEKEND. HE SAID THAT BOTSWANA HAS BEGUN TO COOPERATE WITH GOZ AUTHORITIES IN RETURNING CONFIDENTIAL

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"REFUGEES" TO ZIMBABWE. THE POPULATION IN MATABELELAND HAD BEGUN TO COOPERATE WITH THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT IN CONTROLLING DISSIDENTS. HE DENIED THE SOUTH AFRICAN ASSERTION THAT ANC GUERRILLAS HAD CROSSED INTO THE REPUBLIC FROM ZIMBABWE. ON THE KIDNAPPING OF SIX FOREIGN TOURISTS OVER TEN MONTHS AGO, MNANGAGWA SAID FIVE DISSIDENTS WERE BEING QUESTIONED, AND DETAILS WOULD BE RELEASED WHEN INVESTIGATIONS WERE COMPLETED. THE GOZ HAD TAKEN PRECAUTIONS FOR THE SECURITY OF MATABELELAND FARMERS. END SUMMARY.

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2. (U) UNDER THE HEADLINE "BOTSWANA HANDS DISSIDENTS BACK TO ZIMBABWE," THE HERALD JUNE 21 REPORTS ON REMARKS BY MINISTER MNANGAGWA IN BULAWAYO OVER THE WEEKEND. HE SAID ZIMBABWE IS RECEIVING "MASIMUM COOPERATION" FROM BOTSWANA, AFTER THE SIGNING OF A PROTOCOL TO EASE THE REPATRIATION OF DISSIDENTS, AND A NUMBER OF BANDITS HAD ALREADY BEEN HANDED OVER BY GOB AUTHORITIES. "THE BOTSWANA CONNECTION WILL SOON DRY UP," HE SAID. IT WAS POSSIBLE FOR SOME DISSIDENTS TO REMAIN IN THE COUNTRY WITHOUT GOB KNOWLEDGE, SINCE THE TERRITORY IS SO LARGE, BUT A RAPID SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATION HAD BEEN SET UP WHICH ENABLED AUTHORITIES TO IDENTIFY WHERE BANDITS HAD CROSSED THE BORDER INTO BOTSWANA, AND TO REACT QUICKLY; THE SYSTEM IS NOW WORKING WELL, HE ADDED. (COMMENT: NO FURTHER INFORMATION WAS GIVEN ON THE NATURE OR FUNCTION- ING OF THIS SYSTEM. END COMMENT.)

3. (U) SPEAKING ABOUT THE DISSIDENT SITUATION IN MATABELE- LAND, MNANGAGWA SAID THERE WERE ONLY ISOLATED POCKETS IN THE PROVINCE WHERE LOCAL RESIDENTS GAVE SUPPORT TO DISSIDENTS. HE ASCRIBED THIS IN PART TO THE RECENT VISIT TO THE AREA BY THE PRIME MINISTER AND SEVERAL OTHER CONFIDENTIAL

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CABINET MEMBERS, WHICH HAD "DRIED UP" THE SUPPORT. SINCE THE ARMY COULD NOT BE EVERYWHERE AT ONCE, THE BANDITS WOULD CONTINUE TO STRIKE IN UNCOVERED AREAS, BUT THE PUBLIC WAS NOW ASSISTING THE GOZ IN ITS ANTI-DISSIDENT ACTIVITIES, PROVIDING INFORMATION ABOUT THEIR MOVEMENTS. HE DID NOT THINK MORE DRASTIC MEASURES WERE NEEDED. THE GOZ HAD MADE ADEQUATE PROVISIONS FOR THE SECURITY OF FARMERS IN THE PROVINCE, BUT HE ADMITTED THAT DISSIDENTS "WILL OCCASIONALLY SUCCEED" IN HITTING SOME TARGETS. THEY WER SELECTING WHITE FARMERS AS TARGETS BECAUSE OF THE PUBLICITY WHICH RESULTED. THE FARMERS' UNION MET REGULARLY WITH GOZ OFFICIALS TO DISCUSS SECURITY.

4. (U) HE NOTED THAT THERE ARE STILL LARGE NUMBERS OF "POTENTIAL BANDITS" IN SOUTH AFRICA, AND SAID SMALL GROUPS CONTINUE TO ENTER ZIMBABWE FROM THAT DIRECTION. SECURITY FORCES WOULD REMAIN IN THE AFFECTED AREAS UNTIL "THE THREAT FROM THE SOUTH IS REMOVED." HE REFUTED THE STATEMENT BY THE SAG THAT ANC FIGHTERS HAD CROSSED INTO THE REPUBLIC FROM ZIMBABWE. HE SAID TWO ANC MEMBERS HAD FLED INTO ZIMBABWE WHILE BEING CHASED BY SADF TROOPS, BUT THEY HAD ENTERED SOUTH AFRICA "FROM A COUNTRY OTHER THAN ZIMBABWE."

5. (U) ON THE FATE OF THE SIX FOREIGN TOURISTS KIDNAPPED LAST JULY, MNANGAGWA CONFIRMED THAT FIVE DISSIDENTS, RECENTLY ARRESTED BY THE SECURITY FORCES, WERE CONNECTED

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WITH THE ABDUCTION. "WE NOW KNOW THAT THEY ARE CONNECTED WITH THE KIDNAPPING OF THE TOURISTS," THE MINISTER SAID, "BUT THE FACTS OF THEIR LIFE OR DEATH WILL NOT BE ANNOUNCED UNTIL ALL ISSUES PERTAINING TO THE MATTER HAVE BEEN RESOLVED."

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6. (U) THE SOLE EDITORIAL IN MONDAYS HERALD, ENTITLED "PEACE ONCE MORE," SAYS "SECURITY FORCES HAVE CLEARLY RESTORED GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY IN THE AFFECTED PROVINCES." THE PIECE REFERS TO "PUBLICITY-SEEKING ZIPRA BANDITS," AND SAYS THEY ONLY EXIST IN HEADLINES NOW. THE BANDITS

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ARE NOW ONLY "AN INSIGNIFICANT ELEMENT IN OUR SOCIETY," SAYS THE EDITORIAL, WHICH WAS THE AIM OF THE SECURITY FORCES' OPERATIONS IN THE PROVINCE EARLY THIS YEAR. NONETHELESS, THE EDITORIAL CONCLUDES: "OUR DETRACTORS ACROSS THE LIMPOPO ARE SPENDING SLEEPLESS NIGHTS SCHEMING MASSIVE INFILTRATION OF TRAINED REBELS INTO THE COUNTRY. ITS THIS ELEMENT THAT WE ALSO HAVE TO DECISIVELY DEFEAT CONFIDENTIAL

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-- AND APARTHEID -- BEFORE WE CAN SETTLE DOWN TO ENJOY THE FRUITS OF OUR HARD-WON INDEPENDENCE."

7. (C) COMMENT: THE REFOULEMENT OF ZIMBABWWAN REFUGEES BY BOTSWANA (REFTEL) HAS RECEIVED RELATIVELY LITTLE PRESS PLAY IN HARARE, SLIGHTLY MORE IN BULAWAYO. WE WOULD DOUBT THAT THE GOB HAS CHANGED ITS SIGNALS, RATHER IT IS PROBABLY APPLYING MORE CAREFULLY ITS OWN RULES DEFINING WHAT CONSTITUTES A REFUGEE. AS FOR THE SECURITY SITUATION IN MATABELELAND, THE GOZ IS STILL A LONG WAY FROM WINNING ANY HEARTS OR MINDS AMONG THE NDEBELE. THE PRESSURES FROM THE MILITARY AND THE DROUGHT MIGHT HAVE BROUGHT INCREASED COOPERATION WITH THE CENTRAL GOVERN- MENT, BUT THEY COULD ALSO BE BUILDING A LARGE RESERVOIR OF RESENTMENT. WHITE FARMERS ARE WELL AWARE THAT THEY ARE PREFERRED TARGETS, AND THEY FAULT THE AUTHORITIES FOR NOT PROVIDING MORE EFFECTIVE PROTECTION, MORE RAPID RESPONSE TO ATTACKS AND MORE COMPLETE FOLLOW-THROUGHT TO DISSIDENT SIGHTINGS. WE HAVE NO REASON TO DOUBT THE SAG ASSERTION THAT THE ANC GUERRILLAS CAME ACROSS THE BORDER FROM ZIMBABWE, BUT IT IS ALMOST CERTAINLY TRUE THAT THEY DID NOT ORIGINATE IN THIS COUNTRY BUT MERELY USED IT AS A TRANSIT ROUTE. A CLAMPDOWN ON SUCH TRAFFIC BY THE GOZ CAN BE EXPECTED. END COMMENT. KEELEY

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1. IN AN INTERVIEW WITH ZIANA MARCH 22, REPORTED ON THE HERALD'S FRONT PAGE 03/23, MINISTER OF STATE FOR SECURITY EMMERSON MNANGAGWA SAID SECURITY FORCES HAVE KILLED 11 DISSIDENTS IN MATABELELAND SOUTH AND MIDLANDS PROVINCE THIS MONTH, WHILE AN ADDITIONAL 30 WERE KILLED IN JANUARY AND FEBRUARY. THE ELEVEN WERE KILLED IN THE MBERENGWA, LIMITED OFFICIAL USE

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ZHOMBE, AND SILOBELA DISTRICTS (ALL IN MIDLANDS PROVINCE) IN THE SECOND WEEK OF MARCH. HE SAID THIS WAS THE LARGEST NUMBER OF DISSIDENTS KILLED IN A SINGLE WEEK "SINCE THE ANTI-DISSIDENT OPERATIONS BEGAN." THIRTY OTHER DISSIDENTS WERE CAPTURED IN THE FIRST TWO MONTHS OF THE YEAR, HE SAID. ALL THOSE KILLED OR CAPTURED WERE MEMBERS OF EITHER ZAPU OR "SUPER-ZAPU," ACCORDING TO THE MINISTER. SOUTH AFRICA WEAPONS HAD BEEN COLLECTED AFTER THE CLASHES WITH SUPER-ZAPU GROUPS.

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2. MNANGAGWA NOTED THAT THE DISSIDENTS WERE FOUND TO BE CARRYING WILD BERRIES, WHICH HE SAID WAS EVIDENCE THAT THEY WERE ON THE RUN AND DID NOT HAVE TIME TO HARRY LOCAL PEASANTS FOR FOOD. HE CITED THIS AS EVIDENCE THAT THE SECURITY FORCES "WERE ON TOP OF THE SITUATION."

3. HE SAID THE AREA OF MATABELELAND SOUTH UNDER CURFEW WAS ONE OF THE COUNTRY'S "MOST PROPERLY SERVICED" IN TERMS OF FOOD DISTRIBUTION, AND HE ASSERTED THAT NO ONE HAD DIED OF HUNGER. HE SAID ZAPU LEADER JOSHUA NKOMO WAS "LYING" WHEN HE HAD STATED THAT PEOPLE IN THE AREA WERE STARVING BECAUSE SECURITY FORCES HAD NOT ALLOWED SHOPS TO OPEN. "THERE HAS NOT BEEN A SINGLE DEATH IN MATABELELAND SOUTH FROM HUNGER," THE MINISTER SAID.

4. COMMENT: WE NOTE THAT THE THREE DISTRICTS CITED BY THE MINISTER AS THE LOCATIONS WHERE DISSIDENTS WERE KILLED ARE WELL OUTSIDE THE CURFEW AREA--TWO OF THEM ARE NORTH OF GWERU AND OVER 200 KILOMETERS FROM THE AREA WHERE THE ARMY IS SUPPOSED TO BE FLUSHING OUT DISSIDENTS. HE MADE NO SPECIFIC MENTION OF ANY CONTACTS WITH DISSIDENTS INSIDE THE CURFEW AREA. END COMMENT. LANPHER LIMITED OFFICIAL USE

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5. (U) ON THE FATE OF THE SIX FOREIGN TOURISTS KIDNAPPED LAST JULY, MNANGAGWA CONFIRMED THAT FIVE DISSIDENTS, RECENTLY ARRESTED BY THE SECURITY FORCES, WERE CONNECTED

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-- AND APARTHEID -- BEFORE WE CAN SETTLE DOWN TO ENJOY THE FRUITS OF OUR HARD-WON INDEPENDENCE."

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UNCLAS HARARE 05843

E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: CASC, PTER, ZI SUBJECT: WELFARE/WHEREABOUTS: ABDUCTION OF AMCITS IN - ZIMBABWE

FOLLOWING IS FULL TEXT OF FRONT-PAGE ARTICLE IN THE HERALD OF SEPT. 8 QUOTING FROM A SEPT. 7 SPEECH BY MINISTER OF STATE MNANGAGWA. BEGIN TEXT: A GROUP OF DISSIDENTS SENT FROM SOUTH AFRICA TO BLOW UP THE PETROL DEPOT AT BEITBRIDGE WAS CAPTURED TWO DAYS AGO, THE MINISTER OF STATE (SECURITY), CDE EMMERSON MNANGAGWA, SAID YESTERDAY. CDE MNANGAGWA, WHO WAS SPEAKING TO MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVES ASSOCIATION OF HARARE ABOUT THE SECURITY SITUATION IN THE COUNTRY, SAID A STATEMENT ON THE CAPTURED DISSIDENTS WOULD BE ISSUED SOON.

- "WE THINK THAT WE HAVE ACCOUNTED FOR THE MAJORITY OF THE LEADERS OF THE ZIPRA DISSIDENT GROUPS. SOME OF THE PEOPLE WE HAVE BEEN HUNTING FOR ARE IN PRISON FOR DIF- FERENT OFFENSES." COOPERATION BETWEEN THIS COUNTRY AND ZAMBIA HAD RESULTED IN THE ARREST OF SOME OF THE PEOPLE INVOLVED IN ABDUCTIONS IN MATABELELAND. IT WAS THROUGH INTERROGATING THESE PEOPLE THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAD BEEN UNCLASSIFIED

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ABLE TO LOCATE THE REMAINS OF MR. DAVID BILANG AND MR. ROBERT DYER-SMITH, WHO WERE ABDUCTED IN MATABELELAND.

- THE GOVERNMENT BELIEVED THAT THOSE PEOPLE BEING INTERROGATED WERE INVOLVED IN THE ABDUCTION OF SIX FOREIGN TOURISTS IN JULY LAST YEAR. THE PEOPLE BEING INTERROGATED HAD NOT SAID ANYTHING TO MAKE THE GOVERN- MENT BELIEVE THE SIX TOURISTS WERE DEAD OR ALIVE AND SOME KEY MEMBERS OF THE GROUP THAT ABDUCTED THE TOURISTS WERE STILL AT LARGE. - THE MINISTER SAID THAT BECAUSE OF HIS VISITS AND THOSE BY HIS COLLEAGUES TO BOTSWANA, THE GOVERNMENT THERE WAS COOPERATING AND ZIMBABWE HAD BEEN ABLE TO

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256713 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256713 Date: 09/24/2013

GET DISSIDENTS WHO WERE OPERATING FROM THAT COUNTRY. BECAUSE OF THIS COOPERATION, SOME OF THE DISSIDENTS HAD MOVED AND WERE NOW BEING TRAINED IN SOUTH AFRICA AND BOPHUTHATSWANA. THEY WERE THEN INFILTRATED INTO ZIM- BABWE UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF WHITE FORMER CIO OFFICERS.

- "THE PERSONS WHO LEAD THEM BACK ARE MY FORMER CIO OFFICERS AND ONE OF THEM WAS ONCE IN THE ARMY. THE OTHER FOUR WERE MY OFFICERS WHO KNOW THIS SIDE OF THE BORDER VERY WELL AND BRING DISSIDENTS INTO ZIMBABWE," CDE MNANGAGWA SAID.

- WHEN ZAPU INITIATED THE DISSIDENT MENACE THE SOUTH AFRICANS SAW AN OPPORTUNITY TO DESTABILIZE THIS COUNTRY AND CREATED "SUPER-ZAPU" AND WHEN THEY REALIZED THAT SUPPORT FOR ZIPRA WAS DWINDLING IN BOTSWANA, THE SOUTH AFRICANS SOUGHT TO GENERALIZE THE CONFLICT. CDE MNAN- GAGWA SAID THAT THE BURMA VALLEY FARMER, MR. JOHN FARODI, HAD BEEN MURDERED BY MNR BANDITS BECAUSE HE COOPERATED WITH THE ZIMBABWE SECURITY FORCES. HIS SON, GIOVANNI UNCLASSIFIED

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(14), WAS ABDUCTED BY THE BANDITS.

- IN REPLY TO A QUESTION ON THE SIX DETAINED AIR FORCE MEN, CDE MNANGAGWA SAID THE PRIME MINISTER, CDE MUGABE, WOULD PROBABLY ADDRESS HIMSELF TO THIS QUESTION DURING HIS OVERSEAS TOUR. THE MEN WERE DETAINED LAST WEDNESDAY, AFTER BEING ACQUITTED BY THE HIGH COURT ON CHARGES OF COMPLICITY IN THE THORNHILL AIRBASE SABOTAGE. END TEXT. LANPHER

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UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256713 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256669 Date: 09/24/2013

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E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PREL, PBTS, MOPS, ZI, SF, BC SUBJ: SECURITY MINISTER SAYS THREE SOUTH AFRICAN SPIES CAUGHT

1. MINISTER OF STATE FOR SECURITY EMMERSON MNANGAGWA SAID IN AN INTERVIEW IN THE MAY 11 HERALD THAT THREE BLACK MEMBERS OF THE FORMER RHODESIAN SECURITY FORCES HAVE BEEN ARRESTED AFTER INFILTRATING INTO MATABELELAND FROM SOUTH AFRICA. THE MINISTER TOLD HERALD POLITICAL EDITOR TIM CHIGODO THAT THE MEN WERE PART OF A GROUP OF 16 FORMER AUXILIARIES SENT BACK INTO ZIMBABWE EARLY THIS YEAR BY THE SAG. THEIR TASK WAS UNCLASSIFIED

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TO RECRUIT VOLUNTEERS TO GO TO SOUTH AFRICA FOR MILITARY TRAINING, BUT THEY WERE ALSO ENGAGED IN "LOW-LEVEL RECON- NAISSANCE AND INTELLIGENCE-GATHERING TASKS." THE OTHER THIRTEEN MEMBERS OF THE GROUP ARE STILL ON THE RUN WITHIN ZIMBABWE.

2. IN ADDITION, SECURITY FORCES HAD ARRESTED A FORMER BLACK "SPECIAL BRANCH" OFFICER BASED IN BULAWAYO, AFTER HE HAD BEEN FLOWN INTO ZIMBABWE ILLEGALLY FROM SOUTH AFRICA. HE HAD VISITED AN SADF INTELLIGENCE BASE ON THE

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256669 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256669 Date: 09/24/2013

OTHER SIDE OF THE LIMPOPO RIVER. THE MINISTER SAID "THIS MAN WAS A CONTACT FOR A GROUP WHICH WE KNOW WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE(JULY 1981) MURDER OF THE ANC REPRESENTATIVE IN ZIMBABWE, CDE JOE GGABI."

3. THE GOZ BELIEVES THAT IT IS A TARGET OF SOUTH AFRICAN DESTABILIZATION, THE MINISTER SAID, AND RECENT INCIDENTS HAD SERVED TO PROVE IT. FURTHER OPERATIONS OF THIS NATURE MUST BE ANTICIPATED, HE SAID. HE CITED TWO EXPOSURES OF DIRECT INFILTRATION INTO ZIMBABWE BY SOUTH AFRICAN ELEMENTS: THE FIRST IN AUGUST OF LAST YEAR, WHEN THREE WHITES WERE KILLED WHO LATER TURNED OUT TO BE NOT ONLY FORMER RHODESIAN SOLDIERS BUT SERVING MEMBERS OF THE SADF; THE SECOND INCIDENT AT THE END OF 1982 WHEN A GROUP OF TEN MEN WERE EITHER KILLED OR CAPTURED IN THE MARANDA COMMUNAL LAND (SOME 100 KILO- METERS NORTH OF BEITBRIDGE). THESE HAD BEEN INSTRUCTED TO MOBILIZE THE PEOPLE AND FIGHT FOR THE "LIBERATION" OF THE COUNTRY. "IT IS APPARENT," THE MINISTER SAID, "THAT THESE PEOPLE HAVE BEEN PUSHED INTO ZIMBABWE TO INCREASE THE DISORDERS WHICH WERE PREVALENT IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE COUNTRY AND TO SUPERIMPOSE THEMSELVES ONTO THE GENERAL BANDIT ACTIVITY BEING UNCLASSIFIED

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CARRIED OUT BY FORMER ZIPRA FORCES."

4. HE SAID THERE HAD BEEN AN INCREASE IN THE MOVEMENT OF "ZIPRA BANDITS" ACROSS THE BORDER WITH BOTSWANA, AND THERE WERE STRONG INDICATIONS THAT THEY RECEIVED ASSISTANCE FROM SOUTH AFRICAN AUTHORITIES. A NUMBER OF FORMER AUXILIARIES AND OTHER MILITARY PERSONNEL HAD BEN EITHER KILLED OR CAPTURED WHILE INFILTRATING ZIMBABWE FROM SOUTH AFRICA. "WE BELIEVE THAT A SUBSTAN- TIAL NUMBER OF PERSONS OF THE FORMER REGIME ARE STILL BASED IN SOUTH AFRICA AND HAVE NOT, AS YET, BEEN COMMITTED TO ANY INVASION OF THIS COUNTRY," HE ADDED. 5. SPEAKING ON THE SITUATION IN MATABELELAND, MNANGAGWA NOTED THAT THE LEVEL OF BANDITRY HAD DECREASED SINCE THE DEPLOYMENT OF ADDITIONAL TROOPS IN THE PROVINCE. "HOWEVER, WE MUST NOT FORGET THAT MANY INCIDENTS ARE THE WORK OF CRIMINAL ELEMENTS, WHO ARE MOTIVATED BY GREED AND NOT BY POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS," HE ADDED. THE GOZ WAS CONSTANTLY ALERT TO THE POTENTIAL PRESENCE OF FOREIGN SPY RINGS, THROUGH THE COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE DIVISION OF THE CIO. HE ALSO MENTIONED THE CONSIDERABLE COOPERATION AMONG SADCC COUNTRIES ON SECURITY MATTERS. KEELEY

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256669 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256669 Date: 09/24/2013

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E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: CASC, PTER, ZI SUBJECT: AMCITS ABDUCTED IN ZIMBABWE: MUGABE "ENCOURAGED" BY NKOMO'S EFFORTS

PM MUGABE HAS JUST COMPLETED A TWO-DAY VISIT TO MATABELELAND, DURING WHICH HE MET WITH IMPORTANT DELEGATIONS REPRESENTING VARIOUS SEGMENTS OF THE POPULATION (SEPTEL). DURING A MEETING WITH COMMERCIAL FARMERS AT MARULA (60 KM SOUTHWEST OF BULAWAYO) ON SATURDAY, SEPT. 18, MUGABE REPORTEDLY SPOKE OF THE KID- NAPPING OF SIX FOREIGN TOURISTS IN LATE JULY. HE SAID THAT A SOLUTION TO THE DISSIDENT PROBLEM WOULD HAVE TO COME FROM THE LEADERSHIP OF ZAPU, WHICH WOULD HAVE TO GO OUT INTO THE BUSH TO TALK WITH THE DISSIDENTS DIRECTLY. IN THIS REGARD, HE SAID HE WAS "ENCOURAGED" BY THE TRIPS ZAPU LEADER JOSHUA NKOMO HAD MADE TO REMOTE AREAS TO PERSUADE LOCAL RESIDENTS TO ASSIST GOZ FORCES IN THEIR SEARCH FOR THE TOURISTS. HOWEVER, THERE IS STILL MUCH TO BE DONE, MUGABE SAID.

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E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: PINS, PTER, PGOV, ZI SUBJECT: MUGABE AND BANANA COMMENT ON SECURITY SITUATION - AND ALLEGATIONS OF ATROCITIES

1. (U) PRIME MINISTER ROBERT MUGABE, ADDRESSING A PRESS CONFERENCE IN BULAWAYO WHERE HE OFFICIALLY OPENED THE TRADE FAIR MAY 7, TOLD REPORTERS THE CURFEW IMPOSED ON MATABELELAND SOUTH WOULD BE LIFTED "AS AND WHEN THE SITUATION IMPROVES." OTHER GOZ SPOKESMEN HAD SAID THE CURFEW WOULD BE LIFTED WHEN THE SECURITY SITUATION JUSTI- FIED IT, BUT THE P.M. NOTED THAT THERE REMAIN CERTAIN AREAS WHERE THE SITUATION IS STILL BAD. (COMMENT: THIS CONFIDENTIAL

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CONTRASTS WITH THE STATEMENT BY MINISTER OF STATE FOR DEFENSE KADUNGERE, SPEAKING TO A RALLY IN GWANDA IN THE HEART OF THE CURFEW AREA ON MAY DAY. KADUNGERE IS RE- PORTED TO HAVE TOLD GWANDA RESIDENTS THAT SECURITY FORCES HAD REPORTED FAVORABLE RESPONSES FROM LOCAL PEOPLE, AND THIS COOPERATION HAD LED THE GOZ TO CONSIDER LIFTING THE CURFEW. THE DIFFERENCE IN MESSAGE MAY BE ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE DIFFERING AUDIENCES. END COMMENT.)

2. (U) MUGABE TOLD THE REPORTERS THAT THERE WAS A CAM-

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256824 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256824 Date: 09/24/2013

PAIGN BY FOREIGN JOURNALISTS TO TARNISH ZIE'S IMAGE, AND HE ACCUSED THEM AND CHURCH LEADERS OF SPREADING LIES ABOUT THE MATABELELAND SITUATION. HE SAID THOSE WHO HAD SPREAD REPORTS OF ATROCITIES WOULD BE TAKEN TO THE AREA TO PRODUCE EVIDENCE OF THEIR ALLEGATIONS.

3. (U) MEANWHILE, PRESIDENT BANANA, HIMSELF A METHODIST MINISTER, ADDRESSED A REGIONAL MEETING OF THE URBAN/RURAL MISSION OF THE WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES AND CRITICIZED THE (CATHOLIC) CHURCH IN ZIMBABWE FOR MAKING ALLEGATIONS ABOUT ARMY ATROCITIES IN MATABELELAND BASED SOLELY ON "GOSSIP AND HEARSAY PICKED UP IN THE STREETS." THE GOVERN- MENT HAS A LEGITIMATE DUTY AND MORAL RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT THE SAFETY OF ALL ITS CITIZENS AND WOULD NEVER SEND IN THE ARMY TO EXTERMINATE THE NDEBELE, HE ADDED. IF INNOCENT CIVILIANS ARE CAUGHT IN THE CROSSFIRE, THAT IS UNFORTUNATE, BUT THE DEEPER PROBLEM WAS BROUGHT ABOUT BY THOSE WHO TOOK UP ARMS AS DISSIDENTS. HE CALLED UPON THE CHURCH TO BE CONSTRUCTIVE IN ITS PRONOUNCEMENTS AND TO PROVIDE PROOF OF ITS ALLEGATIONS.

4. (C) EMBOFFS HAVE BEEN TOLD THAT THE GOZ MINISTRY OF INFORMATION HAS SCHEDULED A TRIP BY FOREIGN JOURNALISTS TO CONFIDENTIAL

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VISIT SELECTED AREAS IN MATABELELAND SOUTH ON WEDNESDAY, MAY 9. WE HAVE ALSO HEARD THE RUMOR FROM SEVERAL RELIABLE SOURCES THAT FIVE BRIGADE HAS RECEIVED INSTRUCTIONS TO CLEAN UP THE AREA AND REMOVE ANY EVIDENCE OF ATROCITIES. OUR BULAWAYO AREA SOURCES REPORT THAT FOOD IS AVAILABLE THROUGHOUT THE CURFEW AREA. MILLER

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256824 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256824 Date: 09/24/2013

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E. 0. 12065: GDS 2/18/88 (KEELEY, ROBERT V.) OR-M TAGS: PGOV, PINT, PINS, ZI, SF SUBJ: MUGABE ANNOUNCES CABINET CHANGES; NKOMO OUT

REF: SALISBURY 728

1. (C) SUMMARY: MUGABE FEBRUARY 17 SACKED JOSHUA NKOMO, CONFIDENTIAL

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JOSIAH CHINAMANO AND TWO OTHER ZAPU LEADERS FROM THE CABINET FOR ALLEGED CONNECTION WITH SECRET ARMS CACHES, BUT WILL PER- MIT OTHER ZAPU MEMBERS TO REMAIN IN GOVERNMENT. HE CHARGED NKOMO WITH SECRETLY AND UNSUCCESSFULLY SOLICITING SOUTH AFRICAN SUPPORT FOR A COUP ATTEMPT IN THE MONTHS FOLLOW- ING THE 1980 ELECTIONS. OTHER MINISTERIAL PORTFOLIOS WERE REDISTRIBUTED. FORMER HEALTH MINISTER USHEWOKUNZE RE- TURNS TO THE CABINET. NKALA AND ZVOBGO ARE GIVEN LESS IMPORTANT MINISTRIES. MUGABE ADDRESSED KIND WORDS TO RANK-AND-FILE ZAPU AND ZIPRA MEMBERS, DESIGNED TO FORE-

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256449 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256449 Date: 09/24/2013

STALL VIOLENCE WHICH MIGHT DEVELOP IF ELEMENTS OF THESE GROUPS FEEL IMMEDIATELY THREATENED. IT IS DOUBTFUL THAT PATRIOTIC FRONT "COALITION" WILL SURVIVE. NK POLITICAL FUTURE IS DIM. END SUMMARY.

2. (U) ZIMBABWE PRIME MINISTER ROBERT MUGABE 2/17 DISMISSED MINISTER WITHOUT PORTFOLIO JOSHUA NKOMO, TRANS- PORT MINISTER JOSIAH CHINAMANO, NATURAL RESOURCES AND WATER DEVELOPMENT MINISTER JOSEPH MSIKA AND DEPUTY MINES MINISTER JINI NTUTA. ALL ARE DIRECTORS OF COMPANIES OUTLAWED 2/16 AFTER MILITARY EQUIPMENT WAS FOUND HIDDEN ON PROPERTIES CONTROLLED BY THE ZAPU-RUN FIRMS.

3. (U) IN HIS PRESS CONFERENCE ANNOUNCING THE CABINET CHANGES, MUGABE WAS DELIBERATE AND CALM IN DESCRIBING THE REASONS FOR PURGING THE ZAPU LEADERS. HE SAID THAT THE LAW WOULD BE ALLOWED TO TAKE ITS COURSE OVER THE ILLEGAL ARMS, BUT THAT THE GOZ IS CON- VINCED THE ARMS WERE HOARDED FOR THE PURPOSE OF TRYING TO OVERTHROW THE GOVERNMENT. HE ALLEGED THAT SOON AFTER THE 1980 ELECTIONS, NKOMO APPROACHED THEN-MILITARY-CHIEF PETER WALLS TO ARRANGE SECRET MEETINGS WITH UNNAMED SOUTH AFRICANS. TWO MEETINGS WERE HELD. ACCORDING TO MUGABE, CONFIDENTIAL

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NKOMO HAD ASKED WHETHER THE SAG WOULD SUPPORT HIM IF ZAPU STAGED A COUP AGAINST MUGABE, AND WAS BOTH TIMES TOLD NO. MUGABE SAID THAT HE HEARD ABOUT THE MEETINGS FROM WALLS (APPARENTLY WELL AFTER THEY TOOK PLACE), BUT WHEN ASKED ABOUT THEM, NKOMO DENIED MENTIONING A POSSIBLE COUP TO THE SOUTH AFRICANS. MUGABE LAMENTED THE "DISHONESTY" OF HIS COALITION PARTNER, AND SAID THAT ZANU FELT CHEATED BY THE REPEATED EVIDENCE OF NKOMO'S SUBVERSIVE INTENTIONS. "NOW WE LOOK FOOLISH, VERY FOOLISH TO HAVE DISMISSED THESE RUMORS, BECAUSE THE MAN IS CAUGHT RED-HANDED."

4. (U) MUGABE MADE A GESTURE, HOWEVER, TO NKOMO'S SUPPORTERS, SAYING THAT "VERY MANY PEOPLE IN ZAPU DIDN'T KNOW WHAT WAS GOING ON." HE URGED ZANU PARTISANS TO REFRAIN FROM HARRASSING ZAPU MEMBERS, AND MENTIONED IN PARTICULAR THAT "OUR ZIPRA FRIENDS" IN THE ARMY HAD NOTHING TO FEAR. WHILE A FEW COMMANDERS WOE IN- VESTIGATED, ZIPRA COULD BE ASSURED, MUGABE SAID, THAT NO ONE WOULD BE VICTIMIZED WHO WAS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR HIDING THE LARGE QUANTITIES OF WEAPONS. IN A TANGIBLE MEASURE DESIGNED TO REASSURE ZAPU PARTISANS

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256449 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256449 Date: 09/24/2013

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(AND, WE THINK, NOT INCIDENTALLY, TO SPLIT THE PARTY), ZAPU MINISTERS CLEMENT MUCHACHI (WORKS), DANIEL NGWENYA (ROADS) AND DEPUTIES JOHN NKOMO (INDUSTRY AND ENERGY) AND CEPHAS MSIPA (MANPOWER) WILL BE ALLOWED TO REMAIN IN THE CABINET IF THEY CHOOSE TO DO SO.

5. (U) AFTER DETAILING NKOMO'S SINS AND REASSURING ZAPU/ZIPRA CONFIDENTIAL

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MUGABE ANNOUNCED THE LONG AWAITED CABINET RESHUFFLE. HE TWITTED THE PRESS FOR HAVING PRESSED HIM FOR MANY MONTHS TO ANNOUNCE THE NEW CABINET. IT WAS CLEAR FROM HIS PRESENTATION AND HIS SIDE REMARKS AS HE ANNOUNCED THE NEW CABINET THAT SOME MINISTERS WERE HEAR- ING ABOUT THEIR NEW PORTFOLIOS FOR THE FIRST TIME.

6. (U) ONLY THE FOUR ZAPU MEMBERS MENTIONED ABOVE WERE REMOVED, BUT A NUMBER OF PORTFOLIOS SWITCHED HANDS. TWO NEW MINISTRIES,INATIONAL SUPPLIES (WHICH SOUNDS LIKE A CABINET-LEVEL GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION) AND LEGAL AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS WILL BE HEADED BY EX- FINANCE MINISTER ENOS NKALA AND R LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND HOUSING CHIEF EDDISON ZVOBGO RESPECTIVELY. FINANCE WILL BE MERGED INTO BERNARD CHIDZERO'S ECONOMIC PLANNING MINISTRY,IGIVING HIM GREATER CONTROL OF THE COUNTRY'S ECONOMIC AFFAIRS. HERBERT USHEWOKUNZE, FIRED AS HEALTH MINISTER IN NOVEMBER, RETURNS AS MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS, RESPONSIBLE FOR THE POLICE AND EMERGENCY POWERS, REPLACING RICHARD HOVE, WHO MOVES TO TRADE AND COMMERCE. DEPUTY FINANCE MINISTER OLIVER MUNYARADZI TAKES OVER THE VACANT HEALTH PORTFOLIO, AND FARAI MASANGO, NOW ZIMBABWE'S HIGH COMMISSIONER TO TANZANIA, REPLACES CHINAMANO AT TRANSPORT. MSIKA'S MINISTRY WAS SPLIT IN TWO: DEPUTY FOREIGN MINISTER SIMBARASHE MUBENGEGWI NOW HEADS WATER RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT AND VICTORIA CHITEPO BECOMES MINISTER OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND TOURISM. TWO DEPUTIES MOVE UP TO TAKE OVER THEIR MINISTERIES: ENOS CHIKOWORE BECOMES MINISTER OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND HOUSING, WHILE MOVEN MAHACHI WILL HANDLE LANDS, RESETTLE- MENT AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT. MAHACHI REPLACES SYDNEY SEKEREMAYI, WHO BECOMES A SECOND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE, WITH RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONFIDENTIAL

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DEFENSE (MUGABE IS DEFENSE MINISTER). POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS WERE MOVED FROM THE ROADS MINISTRY TO INFORMATION, COMPENSATING NATHAN SHAMUYARIRA FOR THE LOSS OF TOURISM FROM HIS JURISDICTION. IN A SEPARATE

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ANNOUNCEMENT MUGABE ANNOUNCED THE APPOINTMENT OF DEPUTY MINISTER OF JUSTICE CHIDYAUSIKO TO BE THE NEW ATTORNEY GENERAL.

7. (U) TALKING WITH THE PRESS AT HIS SALISBURY HOME AFTER THE MUGABE PRESS CONFERENCE AN ANGRY AND HURT NKOMO CASTIGATED MUGABE FOR COWARDICE. (THIS WAS NOT REPORTED IN THE LOCAL PRESS 2/18.) HE ASSERTED THAT THE PM HAD NEVER DISCUSSED THE ARMS CACHES WITH HIM (AN ALLEGATION SEEMINGLY SUPPORTED BY AN EVASIVE ANSWER MUGABE GAVE TO A QUESTION ON THE SAME TOPIC AT THE PRESS CONFERENCE) NOR HAD E THE COURTESY TO CALL NKOMO HIMSELF AND TELL HIM HE WAS OUT OF THE CABINET. LOOKING FOR SYMPATHY, NKOMO TOLD THE PRESS THAT HIS WIFE WAS NEAR DEATH AND HAD BEEN MOVED TO A HOSPITAL. (POLICE EARLIER DENIED HIS ASSERTION THAT THEY WERE PREVENTING HER FROM LEAVING THE NKOMO FARM IN MATABELELAND). NKOMO LABELED MUGABE'S STORY ABOUT HIS INTRIGUE WITH WALLS AND THE SOUTH AFRICANS AS FABRICA- TIONS DESIGNED TO ROB HIM OF HIS NATIONALIST CREDENTIALS. HE TOLD THE PRESS THAT HE HOPED THERE WOULD NOT BE VIOLENCE BUT THAT IT WOULD NOT BE PROPER FOR HIM TO COUNSEL THE EX-ZIPRA COMBATANTS BECAUSE HE NO LONGER HAD ANY AUTHORITY OVER THEM.

8. (C) COMMENT: MUGABE'S PERFORMANCE IN THIS TOUCHY SITUATION WAS ONE OF HIS MOST EFFECTIVE, PERHAPS EVEN EQUALING HIS MASTERFUL ELECTION NIGHT SPEECH. EVEN WHILE DELIVERING A KNOCKOUT PUNCH TO NKOMO, HE DID SO WITH VELVET GLOVES, COGNIZANT OF THE POTENTIALLY VIOLENT REACTION OF EX-ZIPRA STILL LOYAL TO THEIR LEADER. PROVIDING A SOUTH AFRICAN CONNECTION, HOWEVER CIRCUMSTANTIAL AND HISTORICAL, WITH NKOMO'S ALLEGED SUBVERSIVE PLANS WILL MAKE IT EASIER TO RALLY SUPPORT CONFIDENTIAL

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AGAINST ANY POTENTIAL PRO-NKOMO VIOLENCE AND FURTHER HUMILIATES THE ZAPU LEADER. PLEDGING THAT NKOMO AND OTHERS WOULD BE INVESTIAGED AND TRIED BY NORMAL POLICE AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES RATHER THAN DETAINED UNDER

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USMISSION USUN NEW YORK

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CAPE TOWN FOR EMBASSY

EMERGENCY POWERS IS BOTH LEGALLY CORRECT AND POLITICALLY ASTUTE. IN DETENTION, NKOMO WOULD BE A MARTYR. DURING A LONG AND PROBABLY INCONCLUSIVE INVESTIGATION, HE WILL BE AT A POLITICAL DISADVANTAGE, AS ANY ACTION CAN BE MADE TO SEEM EITHER PROOF OF GUILT OR AN ATTEMPT TO AVOID PROSECUTION. IT WOULD BE PREMATURE TO COUNT OUT NKOMO, WHOSE CAREER HAS SPANNED VIRTUALLY THE ENTIRE CONFIDENTIAL

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HISTORY OF MODERN ZIMBABWE NATIONALISM, AND WHOSE FOL- LOWERS IN MATABELELAND WILL NOT SWITCH ALLEGIANCE EASILY. BUT NKOMO IS CLEARLY ON THE DEFENSIVE, AND HIS POLITICAL FUTURE SEEMS DIMMER NOW THAN AT ANY TIME IN THE PAST. SIGNIFICANTLY, MUGABE MENTIONED NOTHING ABOUT THE CREATION OF A ONE-PARTY STATE, A TOPIC WHICH, IF DIS- CUSSED WOULD SERVE TO ONLY INCREASE ZIPRA ANXIETY AT THIS TIME. DESPITE MUGABE'S SOOTHING WORDS TO ZAPU AND ZIPRA ADHERENTS, THE MOST IMPORTANT QUESTION TODAY REMAINS, AS IT HAS FOR SEVERAL WEEKS, WHAT THE REACTION OF INDIVIDUAL ZIPRA MEMBR COMMANDERS MIGHT BE. THE LAST BULAWAYO VIOLENCE (FEBRUARY, 1981) BEGAN WITH A BEERHALL FIGHT BETWEEN ZANLA AND ZIPRA AND THE POSSIBILITY OF A SIMILAR SPARK IGNITING FURTHER VIOLENCE CANNOT BE DISCOUNTED.

9. (C) THE CABINET SHIFTS ARE A MIXED BAG WHICH DO NOT SIGNIFY ANY CLEAR IDEOLOGICAL TREND OR NEW DIRECTION. AMONG THOSE WHO SEEM TO HAVE INCREASED THEIR POWER AND PRESTIGE ARE CHIDZERO, A SAVVY TECHNOCRAT, AND SEKEREMAYI, WHOSE HANDLING OF THE TOUCHY ISSUE OF LAND RESETTLEMENT HAS OBVIOUSLY WON THE PM'S RESPECT. USHEWOKUNZE IS A BIG WINNER IN THAT HIS RETURN TO THE CABINET IS TO AN IMPORTANT PORTFOLIO (IN CHARGE OF THE POLICE). MOST OBJECTIVE OBSERVERS WOULD AGREE THAT WHILE MUGABE MAY HAVE FELT OBLIGED TO RETURN THE POPULAR DOCTOR TO THE CABINET, TO PLACE A MAN WHO HAS BEEN IMPLICATED, IF ONLY TENUOUSLY, IN A MURDER TRIAL (SALISBURY 0071) IN SUCH A CRUCIAL POST SEEMS IRRESPONSIBLE. AMONG THE LOSERS ARE ZVOBGO, WHO MUST RELINQUISH THE POWERFUL POSITION OF MINISTER OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND HOUSING WITH ITS IMPORTANT PATRONAGE AND POWER AT THE LOCAL LEVEL, AND NKALA, WHO IS DEMOTED FROM THE KEY JOB OF MINISTER OF FINANCE (WHICH IN CONFIDENTIAL

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ZIMBABWE HAD HAD THE POWER OF BOTH OUR OMB DIRECTOR AND SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY). ZVOBGO IS, HOWEVER, EXTREMELY AMBITIOUS, AND MAY USE HIS NEW JOB TO FURTHER ZANU'S GOAL OF A ONE-PARTY STATE IN WHICH HE OBVIOUSLY SEES HIMSELF AS PLAYING A KEY ROLE. ZVOBGO'S ONLY IMMEDIATE SATISFACTION MAY BE THAT HIS RIVAL FOR HIGHER PARTY OFFICE, MININFORMATION SHAMAYURIRA, DID NOT RECEIVE THE MORE IMPORTANT MINISTRY HE HAD BEEN HOPING FOR. INTEREST- INGLY, BY NOT FIRING ANY CABINET MINISTERS (OTHER THAN THE ZAPU ONES) MUGABE INDICATED ONCE AGAIN THAT THERE ARE COMPLEX RELATIONSHIPS (BARELY UNDERSTOOD BY OUTSIDERS) WITHIN ZANU, DICTATED BY SUBETHNIC GROUP TENSIONS AND BINDING TIES OF EMOTID POLITICS, WHICH COLOR PARTY POLITICS AND PREVENT HIM FROM CANNING SOME OF THE MORE INCOMPETENT MEMBERS OF HIS OWN CABINET. ALL IN ALL, IT WOULD APPEAR THAT BY NEUTRALIZATION OF NKOMO AND HIS PERFORMANCE IN RESHUFFLING THE CABINET, MUGABE HAS INCREASED HIS POWER OVER HIS GOVERNMENT AND PARTY, AT TENDENCY WHICH HAS BEEN APPARENT FOR THE LAST YEAR AND A HALF. SURELY, MANY WILL FEEL THAT MUGABE'S LONG DELAY IN ANNOUNCING THE CABINET SHIFTS WAS PART OF A DETAILED PLOT OF HIS WHICH HE HATCHED MONTHS AGO TO USE THE OCCASION TO SACK NKOMO. THERE IS NO CONCRETE EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT THIS, BUT THE ASSEMPTION ITSELF INCREASES MUGABE'S REPUTATION AS A MASTER POLITICIAN. KEELEY

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SECRET STATE 338463

FOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY CROCKER

E.O. 12356: DECL:OADR TAGS: PREL, OTRA, ZI SUBJECT: MEETING WITH MUGABE

1. S - ENTIRE TEXT.

2. YOU OVERFLEW ZIMBABWE ON YOUR LAST TWO TRIPS TO SOUTHERN AFRICA FOR A REASON AND MUGABE SEEMS TO HAVE TAKEN THE POINT. NOT ONLY DID HE ALLUDE TO THAT FACT WHEN YOU SAW HIM IN NEW YORK LAST MONTH, BUT OTHERS, IN THE GOZ AND ELSEWHERE, HAVE NOTICED THE FACT THAT YOU HAVE NOT BEEN TO HARARE SINCE THE CLARK MISSION. (CHIEF JUSTICE DUMBUTSHENA, FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN ASKED BY AF/S GELBARD ABOUT HOW BILATERAL RELATIONS COULD BE IMPROVED SPECIFICALLY CITED THE FACT THAT ZIMBABWE HAS BEEN "EXCLUDED" FROM THE REGIONAL NEGOTIATIONS. OTHERS HAVE BEEN EQUALLY BLUNT.) THEREFORE, THE VERY FACT YOU ARE TRAVELLING TO HARARE THIS TIME WILL ALREADY HAVE MADE AN SECRET

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IMPORTANT POINT TO MUGABE AND THE GOZ. WE SUGGEST YOU PLAY UP THE POINT, MENTIONING TO MUGABE YOUR "PROMISE" THAT YOU WOULD DROP IN THE NEXT TIME YOU WERE IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD.

3. BASICALLY, THERE ARE FOUR OBJECTIVES FOR YOUR SESSION WITH MUGABE:

A) REGIONAL NEGOTIATIONS REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

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-- BRIEF MUGABE ON THE REGIONAL NEGOTIATIONS AND, IF THE SITUATION SEEMS APPROPRIATE, ENLIST HIS HELP IN CORRALLING SWAPO. WE KNOW MUGABE IS SKEPTICAL OF THE PROCESS--HIS ARUSHA SPEECH AND COMMENTS TO YOU CONFIRM THAT--BUT YOU BROKE THE ICE IN NEW YORK BY TELLING HIM SOMETHING NEW ON THE ANGOLAN FRONT AND HE WOULD PROBABLY BE WILLING TO TALK WITH NUJOMA IF YOU ASKED HIM TO. OF COURSE, ANY MESSAGE YOU SEND WOULD BE FILTERED BY MUGABE'S OWN (SOMEWHAT LIMITED) PERSPECTIVE. ON THE OTHER HAND, ANY MESSAGE THAT DOES GET THROUGH TO NUJOMA WOULD HAVE CONSIDERABLE CREDIBILITY COMING FROM MUGABE, HIMSELF.

-- ON THE MOZAMBIQUE SIDE, ALTHOUGH YOU MADE SOME POINTS TO HIM EARLIER (HE WAS EXTREMELY PLEASED, FOR EXAMPLE, WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF A CIP PROGRAM FOR MAPUTO WHICH ALLOWS FOR PURCHASES IN ZIMBABWE), MUGABE IS STILL CONVINCED THAT ZIMBABWE'S INTERESTS HAVE NOT BEEN SERVED BY NKOMATI AND SUSPICIOUS THAT THIS IS ALL PART OF A SAG PLOT TO MANEUVER ZIMBABWE INTO LINE. YOU SHOULD BE FAIRLY CANDID WITH HIM ON OUR VIEW OF THE FRELIMO-RENAMO TALKS.

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B) GOZ-SAG RELATIONS

AMB. MILLER HAS ALREADY BEGUN FOLLOWING UP (WITH MNANGAGWA) ON THE EVIDENCE OF SOUTH AFRICAN ANTICS PRIOR TO HIS CONVERSATION LATER IN THE MONTH WITH PIK BOTHA. MUGABE MAY NOT HAVE MUCH TO ADD, BUT YOU SHOULD REITERATE THE EMPHASIS WE PLACE ON A MUTUALLY SUCCESSFUL RELATIONSHIP ACROSS THE LIMPOPO AND OUR WILLINGNESS TO HELP ENSURE THAT IT CONTINUES.

C) INTERNAL PROBLEMS

-- LAY DOWN SOME MARKERS ON THE INTERNAL FRONT. SINCE YOUR LAST MEETING, WE HAVE SEEN A NUMBER OF DISTURBING SIGNS ABOUT THE FUTURE OF DEMOCRACY AND RELATIVELY FREE

SOCIETY IN ZIMBABWE. SECURITY RELATED DETENTIONS CONTINUE AND WITH THE RAINY SEASON APPROACHING THE POSSIBILITY IS STRONG THAT MUGABE MAY AGAIN ORDER THE MILITARY (FIFTH BRIGADE) BACK INTO MATABELELAND IN A COUNTER-DISSIDENT INITIATIVE WITH PREDICTABLE EXCESSES AND INTERNATIONAL PUBLICITY. MORE IMMEDIATELY, WE HAVE HEARD REPORTS OF INCREASING INTIMIDATION BY ZANU YOUTH AGAINST ANYONE NOT KNOWN TO BE A LOYAL ZANU MEMBER. INTER-PARTY VIOLENCE HAS FLARED AGAIN, FOLLOWING THE ASSASSINATION OF SEN. NDLOVU, THE MOST SENIOR ZANU LEADER KILLED TO DATE AND THE RIOTING IN BEITBRIDGE LEFT

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SCORES DEAD AND MUCH ZAPU PROPERTY DESTROYED. WE HAVE ALSO HEARD OF BLATANT ELECTORAL INTIMIDATION, ESPECIALLY IN THE RURAL AREAS OF THE MIDLANDS AND MATABELELAND. AS IF THIS WERE NOT BAD ENOUGH, MUGABE HAS JUST ELIMINATED THE LAST VESTAGE OF THE GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL RECONCILIATION BY CANNING HIS TWO ZAPU MINISTERS IN RETALIATION FOR THE NDLOVU KILLING. MOST SIGNIFICANT HERE IS THE FACT THAT WE KNOW (FROM SEVERAL SOURCES) THAT ONE OF THE DEPOSED MINISTERS, CEPHES MSIPA, ONLY SECRET

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LAST WEEK RAISED THE PROBLEM OF ZANU CADRE VIOLENCE AND INTIMIDATION AT THE CABINET MEETING. ALTHOUGH THE TONE OF THAT MEETING WAS NOT REASSURING -- E.G. CHARGES OF DISLOYALTY, ENDS JUSTIFYING THE MEANS, ETC. -- MUGABE HAD ENDED THE MEETING WITH ANOTHER CALL FOR THE END TO ALL INTER-PARTY VIOLENCE. A WEEK LATER, THE BEARER OF BAD TIDINGS LOSES HIS JOB.

-- ALTHOUGH MUGABE IS NOTORIOUSLY SENSITIVE TO SUCH "MEDDLING" IN HIS INTERNAL AFFAIRS, YOU SHOULD LOOK FOR A WAY TO LAY DOWN A FEW MARKERS ON THE INTERNAL SECURITY AGENDA. YOU MIGHT APPROACH THE MATTER BY NOTING THAT CONTINUED AID, SYMPATHY, AND SUPPORT FOR ZIMBABWE IN THE U.S. DEPENDS ON THE PERCEPTION THAT THE COUNTRY, DESPITE ITS MANY PROBLEMS, HAS NOT ABANDONED THE PRINCIPLES ITS PEOPLE FOUGHT FOR AND AGREED TO IN ACHIEVING ITS INDEPENDENCE. WE DEPLORE VIOLENCE FROM WHATEVER QUARTER AND CERTAINLY HAVE NO SYMPATHY WITH ASSASSINS OR BANDITS, BUT FROM OUR VANTAGE POINT, SOLUTIONS COME FROM POLITICAL DECISIONS TAKEN AT GOVERNMENT LEVEL, NOT BY RANDOM VIOLENCE, WHICH ONLY EXACERBATES THE UNDERLYING PROBLEMS.

-- AN IMPORTANT POINT IS THE NEED FOR THE UPCOMING ELECTIONS TO BE, AND TO BE SEEN TO BE FREE, AND FAIR. WE HAVE ALREADY BEGUN SENDING THIS SIGNAL BACK TO THE GOZ THROUGH VISITORS AND OTHERS, BUT MUGABE SHOULD BE REMINDED THAT HIS OWN LEGITIMACY IN INTERNATIONAL EYES STEMS FROM HIS OVERWHELMING VICTORY IN A FREE AND FAIR ELECTION AND THAT ANY COMPROMISE OF THAT LEGITIMACY -- THROUGH UNNECESSARY TAMPERING OR INTIMIDATION AT THE POLLS -- WOULD ONLY DETRACT SUBSTANTIALLY FROM THE GOODWILL AND STATUS ZIMBABWE ENJOYS. AN ELECTION IN SECRET

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1985 FRAUGHT WITH CHARGES THAT THE OPPOSITION HAD NOT BEEN FREE TO MAKE ITS CASE, WOULD DO ZIMBABWE HARM IN

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THE U.S. AND AROUND THE WORLD.

D) BILATERAL ISSUES

-- YOU SHOULD ALSO EMPHASIZE SEVERAL ISSUES AFFECTING OUR BILATERAL RELATIONS. IN YOUR LAST MEETING, YOU RAISED WITH MUGABE THE PROBLEMS OUR EMBASSY WAS HAVING WITH MFA ON THE PERSONNEL FRONT. SINCE THEN, THE SITUATION HAS IMPROVED CONSIDERABLY, BUT IS NOT YET SETTLED TO OUR SATISFACTION. MOST, BUT NOT ALL, OF OUR PEOPLE HAVE NOW RECEIVED THEIR DIPLOMATIC ID'S. AMB. MILLER CAN BRIEF YOU ON WHERE WE STAND IN MEETING THE GOZ STAFFING LIMITATIONS. YOU SHOULD THANK MUGABE FOR THE SPECIFIC PROGRESS, BUT REQUEST HIS HELP ON ANY PROBLEMS STILL OUTSTANDING. IF TIME ALLOWS (AND IF AMB. MILLER AGREES IT WOULD BE APPROPRIATE), YOU MIGHT BRIEF MUGABE ON OUR AID PLANS FOR FY-86. WE EXPECT TO BE ABLE TO PROVIDE 28 MILLION DOLLARS IN ESF FUNDS NEXT YEAR (DOWN FROM THE 30 MILLION DOLLARS REQUESTED, AS ZIMBABWE HAD TO TAKE ITS SHARE OF THE OVERALL CUT. YOU SHOULD NOTE, HOWEVER, THAT THIS HAD LITTLE OR NO POLITICAL CAUSE: KENYA, FOR EXAMPLE, LOST TEN TIMES THAT AMOUNT.) WE PLAN TO CONTINUE THE PROGRAMS WE AND THE GOZ HAVE STARTED, INCLUDING THE CIP.

-- TWO OTHER POINTS MIGHT BE WORTH MENTIONING. ZIMBABWE STEPS DOWN FROM THE SECURITY COUNCIL IN A MONTH'S TIME AND THEREBY OUT OF THE UN LIMELIGHT. NEVERTHELESS, COOPERATION, OR AT LEAST AVOIDING NEEDLESS OPPOSITION, IS STILL MOST IMPORTANT TO US. YOU SHOULD EXPRESS OUR CONTINUED DESIRE FOR DIALOGUE AND CONSULTATION AND OUR

APPRECIATION OF SOME PROGRESS ON THIS FRONT. FOR EXAMPLE, ON THE QUESTION OF ISRAEL'S CREDENTIALS, SECRET

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ZIMBABWE VOTED "NOT PRESENT"; NOT AS GOOD AS SUPPORT FOR US, BUT AS NEUTRAL A POSITION AS WE COULD HOPE TO GET. DEPENDING ON HOW THE CONVERSATION FLOWS ON THE INTERNAL SECURITY SITUATION, YOU MIGHT ALSO WANT TO THROW IN THE IDEA OF SOME U.S. PRESENCE IN MATABELELAND. HOWEVER, YOU WILL WANT TO DISCUSS THIS "MATABELELAND INITIATIVE" WITH AMB. MILLER BEFORE THE MEETING.

4. THE BEST WE COULD HOPE FOR IN THIS SESSION WITH MUGABE IS NOT TO DISPELL HIS ABIDING SUSPICION OF AND OPPOSITION TO THE SAG, BUT TO BRING HIM INTO THE LOOP OF THE REGIONAL NEGOTIATIONS. CONTRARY TO OUR EXPECTION IN 1980/81, ZIMBABWE HAS REMAINED A PERIPHERAL PLAYER ON THE REGIONAL SCENE. IT MAY BE TO OUR ADVANTAGE NOW, BY SOME HANDHOLDING AND PERSUASION, TO GET MUGABE SOMEWHAT MORE INVOLVED AS WE APPROACH THE CRUNCH. HE HAS THE

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CAPACITY EITHER TO BE HELPFUL WITH SWAPO AND IN THE U.N. CONTEXT, OR TO LET HIS INNATE SUSPICIONS DEGENERATE INTO SUPPORTING BLOCKING EFFORTS. THE TIME MAY BE RIGHT FOR MOVING HIM A BIT TOWARD THE FORMER. EVEN IF IT ISN'T, HOWEVER, YOUR TAKING THE TIME TO SEE MUGABE IN HARARE SHOULD HAVE A PAY-OFF IN ITSELF, IMPROVING MILLER'S ACCESS AND GIVING MUGABE ANOTHER DOSE OF THE REAL WORLD. SHULTZ

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EXDIS

E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: PREL, ZI, US DECAPTIONED SUBJECT: MEETING WITH THE PRIME MINISTER

1. C - ENTIRE TEXT.

2. SUMMARY: AT LONG LAST, I HAD MY INITIAL MEETING WITH PRIME MINISTER MUGABE ON JULY 26. SESSION, WHICH LASTED 75 MINUTES, BEGAN RATHER FORMALLY BUT WARMED UP AS WE WENT ALONG ALMOST REACHING THE ANIMATION OF A MILLER-NYERERE CONVERSATION. A GOOD BEGINNING; I'M PLEASED. END SUMMARY.

3. AFTER OPENING PLEASANTRIES COVERING MY TRAVELS IN ZIMBABWE, MUGABE REVIEWED U.S.-ZIMBABWE RELATIONS FROM KISSINGER/GENEVA THROUGH LANCASTER HOUSE TO THE PRESENT. WHAT HE SAID WAS PREVIOUSLY WELL-COVERED TURF--HEAVY ON PRAISE FOR OUR ROLE IN BRINGING ZIMBABWE TO INDEPENDENCE. AS IS HIS WANT, HE PREEMPTED ON THE KAL AND GRENADA VOTES, ACKNOWLEDGING THAT THE GOZ POSITION HAD PLACED ZIMBABWE IN BAD ODOR IN THE U.S. AND THAT IN TURN HAD LED TO THE AID CUTS. ON THE KAL AFFAIR HE EXPLAINED THAT THE SOVIET CONDUCT HAD BEEN "ABHORRENT," BUT OUR "STYLE" AND PRESSURE HAD GOTTEN HIS BACK UP. (HE REFERRED TO THE E-W FOCUS AND THE HEAVY LOBBYING BY CONFIDENTIAL

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MANY PEOPLE. ON THE AID CUT HE WAS QUIETLY PHILOSOPHICAL, NOTING ZIMBABWE HAS EXPECTATIONS BUT NO RIGHT TO ASSIST- ANCE FROM THE U.S. CONCLUDING ON BILATERAL RELATIONS, MUGABE STRESSED HIS HOPE THAT OUR RELATIONS ARE ON THE MEND AFTER LAST YEAR'S STRAINS.

4. STILL HOLDING THE FLOOR, MUGABE TURNED TO THE REGION AND PROCEEDED IN RITUAL FASHION TO EXPRESS HIS CONCERNS ABOUT "CONSTRUCTIVE ENGAGEMENT," AND TALK ABOUT THE IMMORALITY OF "LINKAGE." (COMMENT: NOTHING NEW.)

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

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ENOUGH BEING ENOUGH, I ASKED FOR "EQUAL TIME." MUGABE GRINNED, SAID OK, AND A WARM, FRANK DIALOGUE FOLLOWED.

5. DRAWING ON STATE 207616, I MADE THE CASE FOR THE REASONABLENESS OF OUR POSITION, AND THE PROGRESS TOWARD NAMIBIAN INDEPENDENCE OVER THE PAST YEAR. I ALSO REVIEWED THE BENEFITS THAT HAVE BEGUN TO FLOW FROM CONSTRUCTIVE ENGAGEMENT. MUGABE LISTENED INTENTLY, AND DIDN'T CHALLENGE ME ON A SINGLE POINT. (COMMENT: FRANKLY, MUGABE DOES NOT SEEM TO BE "UP" ON THE DETAILS OF SOUTHERN AFRICAN NEGOTIATIONS NOR DOES HE APPEAR TO WANT TO BECOME ENGAGED IN THE PROCESS.)

6. WE THEN TURNED TO THE TOPIC OF ZIMBABWE'S RELATIONS WITH SOUTH AFRICA, COVERING SUPPORT OF DISSIDENTS, OBSTRUCTION OF RAIL LINES, AND BROADCASTS BY RADIO TRUTH. I REVIEWED CANDIDLY FOR HIM OUR DISCUSSIONS IN WASHINGTON INDICATING THAT WE FELT THAT ZIMBABWE AND SOUTH AFRICA ENJOYED EXCELLENT COMMUNICATIONS AND THAT WE HAD NO DESIRE TO GET IN THE MIDDLE UNLESS WE WERE REQUESTED TO. MUGABE RESPONDED, AND REPEATED SEVERAL TIMES SUBSEQUENTLY IN THE CONVERSATION, THAT HE WANTS US TO PUT DOWN SOME MARKERS WITH THE SOUTH AFRICANS CONCERNING THE TRANSPORT CONFIDENTIAL

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SYSTEM, SUPPORT FOR ANY MORE DISSIDENTS, AND THE BROAD- CASTS BY RADIO TRUTH. HE WASN'T SPECIFIC, AND HE CLEARLY UNDERSTANDS THAT OUR LEVERAGE WITH THE SAG IS LIMITED. THE WAY HE PUT IT WAS IN INTERESTING CONTRAST TO NYERERE'S VIEWS ON OUR INFLUENCE---"I BELIEVE THEY (THE SAG) TEND TO LISTEN TO YOU MORE THAN ANYONE ELSE."

7. THE CONVERSATION THEN NATURALLY TURNED TO THE SITUATION IN MATABELELAND. I REVIEWED FOR HIM OUR CONCERN THAT MATABELELAND IS SLOWLY BECOMING A PERMANENT SORE. WE REVIEWED THE POOR STATE OF THE ECONOMY, THE POOR PERFORMANCE OF THE MILITARY, THE DISSIDENTS, THE MORALE OF THE WHITES, ETC. HE IS CLEARLY AS CONCERNED AS WE ARE AND IS GROPING FOR SOLUTIONS. WE AGREED TO STAY IN TOUCH ON THIS SUBJECT THROUGH MINISTER OF STATE MNANGAGWA.

8. I RAISED THE QUESTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN MATABELELAND AS A SEPARATE SUBJECT. THE PRIME MINISTER ACKNOWLEDGED THE PROBLEM, BUT ASKED "WHAT AM I SUPPOSED TO DO?" HE CONTINUED THAT HE WAS FACED WITH DEALING WITH A NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO DESIRED TO OVERTHROW HIS GOVERNMENT BY VIOLENCE. HE INDICATED THAT AS FAR AS HE WAS CON- CERNED, THERE WERE MANY PEOPLE WALKING THE STREETS, INCLUDING JOSHUA NKOMO, WHO, ON THE BASIS OF INTELLIGENCE INFORMATION, SHOULD BE LOCKED UP. IN GENERAL, HE RECOGNIZED OUR CONCERN AND THE SEVERE IMAGE PROBLEM THAT

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256842 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256842 Date: 09/24/2013

ABUSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS WAS GIVING ZIMBABWE, BUT HE GAVE A SPIRITED DEFENSE OF HIS ACTIONS AS BEING THE ONLY ONES LEFT OPEN TO HIM.

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E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR TAGS: PREL, ZI, US SUBJECT: MEETING WITH THE PRIME MINISTER

9. WE THEN MOVED ON TO THE SUBJECT OF HIS MARXIST- SOCIALIST RHETORIC. I INDICATED THAT IT WAS VIRTUALLY IMPOSSIBLE FOR ME TO ATTRACT INVESTMENT TO ZIMBABWE IF HE CONTINUED TO GIVE, WHAT SEEMED TO ME, HIS MONTHLY MARXIST SPEECH. HE RESPONDED THAT SO FAR AS HE COULD SEE HE MUST BE THE WORLD'S MOST CAUTIOUS SOCIALIST. HE REVIEWED THE VERY PRAGMATIC ECONOMIC POLICIES OF THE LAST FOUR YEARS, POINTING OUT THAT HE HAD EVEN REFUSED TO PARTICIPATE IN PRIVATE VENTURES WHICH HAD BEEN OFFERED, CITING UNION CARBIDE AS AN EXAMPLE. HE DID GIVE A MUCH MORE COGENT EXPLANATION THAT I EVER HAD FROM NYERERE OF PEASANT ECONOMIC LIFE, ENUMERATING THOSE ACTIVITIES WHICH HAD A TRADITIONALLY INDIVIDUALISTIC

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NATURE AND THEN THOSE THAT HAD BEEN COMMUNAL.

10. WE THEN COVERED THE QUESTION OF ACCESS WITH MY EMPHASIZING THAT I COULD NOT DO MY JOB ADEQUATELY, IN PARTICULAR THAT WHICH INVOLVED EXPLAINING ZIMBABWE'S ACTIONS IN WASHINGTON UNLESS WE MET ON SOME REGULAR BASIS. WHILE I GOT NO COMMITMENT TO A SERIES OF MONDAY CONFIDENTIAL

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MORNING MEETINGS, I DID GET THE SENSE THAT HE TOOK THE POINT AND WILL PRODUCE SOME SATISFACTION.

11. COMMENT. EVEN THE FOREIGN MINISTRY NOTE-TAKER, ANDREW MTETWA, SEEMED EXTREMELY PLEASED WITH THE MEETING. THE PRIME MINISTED HAD WAITED UNTIL WE WOULD HAVE AT LEAST AN HOUR BEFORE SCHEDULING OUR MEETING, AND THEN WE RAN OVER BY FIFTEEN MINUTES. HAD HE NOT BEEN FACED WITH THE OPENING OF THE BUDGET DEBATE IN PARLIAMENT, MY GUESS IS THAT WE WOULD HAVE GONE ON FOR ANOTHER 45 MINUTES ON A RANGE OF SUBSTANTIVE INTERESTS. WHILE AN INITIAL MEETING HARDLY GIVES ONE ENOUGH OF A FEELING TO FORECAST A SUCCESSFUL TOUR, MY SENSE IS THAT WE WILL GET ALONG QUITE WELL AND, AS WITH NYERERE, WHEN WE DISAGREE WE WILL DO SO IN A PLEASANT AND CIVILIZED MANNER. MILLER

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DRAFTED BY AF/S:JSEGARS,JEH APPROVED BY AF/S:DHSIMPSON AF/P:MVVYGANT (INFO) 042703 122306Z /60 O 122208Z MAR 83 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO XAMEMBASSY HARARE 9426 IMMEDIATE

UNCLAS STATE 068980

E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: SCOM, PREL, ZI SUBJECT: PRESS ACCOUNT OF MUGABE NEW DELHI INTERVIEW

FOLLOWING IS FULL TEXT OF MARCH 12 "WASHINGTON POST" ARTICLE ON MUGABE NEW DELHI PRESS INTERVIEW. ARTICLE BEING TRANSMITTED VIA THIS CHANNEL SO THAT YOU MAY HAVE BY YOUR 00B MARCH 14:

"NKOMO CAN COME HOME SAFELY, MUGABE DECLARES

"BY WILLIAM CLAIBORNE, 'WASHINGTON POST' FOREIGN SERVICE

"NEW DELHI, MARCH 11

"ZIMBABWE PRIME MINISTER ROBERT MUGABE DENIED TODAY THAT HE HAD ORDERED OPPOSITION LEADER JOSHUA NKOMO KILLED, AND SAID VKOMO IS 'WELCOME' TO RETURN FROM EXILE ANY TIME TO HIS HOME WHERE HE CAN LIVE IN SAFETY.

"'I ASSURE YOU THAT I'M NO ASSASSIN. WHAT WILL I GAIN BY HAVING HIM KILLED? IF ANYTHING, IT WOULD MAKE HIM MORE OF UNCLASSIFIED

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A MARTYR THAN HE ALREADY IS,' MUGABE SAID.

"MUGABE SAID HE WAS AWARE OF REPORTS THAT NKOMO,S WIFE

AND CHILDREN HAD BEEN ARRESTED AFTER THE OPPOSITION LEADER FLED TO BOTSWANA TUESDAY, BUT THAT HE HAD NO DETAILS OF WHAT PROMOTED THE ARRESTS.

"'I BELIVE THAT THOSE WHO ARRESTED HER AND SOME MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY HAD REASONS. I ASSURE YOU, NO ONE WILL REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256615 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256615 Date: 09/24/2013

BE ARRESTED WITHOUT REASONS,' MUGABE SAID AT A PRESS CONFERENCE DURING THE NONALIGNED NATIONS SUMMIT HERE.

"(IN HARARE, THE ZIMBABWE CAPITAL, HOME AFFAIRS MINISTER HERBERT USHEWOKUNZE SAID MRS. NKOMO HAD BEEN FREED THURS- DAY 'ON HUMANITARIAN GROUNDS.' NKMOMO'S SON, DAUGHTER AND SON-IN-LAW WERE STILL BEING HELD, HE SAID.

"(INFORMATION MINISTER NATHAN SHAMUYARIRA SAID ZIMBABWE WAS 'TAKING UP THE QUESTION OF JOSHUA NKOMO'S ENTRY AND STAY IN BOTSWANA AND THE ISSUE OF CROSS-BORDER VIOLATIONS GENERALLY WITH THE BOTSWANA GOVERNMENT THROUGH NORMAL DIPLOMATIC CHANNELS,' ASSOCIATED PRESS REPORTED.)

"MUGABE SAID HIS INFORMATION WAS THAT NKOMO, WHOM MUGABE REMOVED FROM THE CABINET IN FEBRUARY 1982 AND ACCUSED OF PLOTTING A COUP, HAD LEFT ZIMBABWE 'TEMPORARILY DURING WHICH TIME HE HOPES TO WORK ON WHAT HE CALLS WAYS TO RESOLVE THE PROBLEMS OF OUR COUNTRY.' HE ADDED, 'I HAVEN'T CAUSED HIM TO FLEE. HE IS WELCOMED BACK HOME.'

"BEFORE CROSSING INTO BOTSWANA, NKOMO SAID AT AN ERLY MORNING CLANDESTINE PRESS CONFERENCE SUNDAY THAT TROOPS UNCLASSIFIED

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SENT BY MUGABE TO SEARCH HIS HOME IN BULAWAYO WOULD HAVE KILLED HIM IF HE HAD BEEN THERE. NKOMO'S CHAUFFER WAS SHOT AND KILLED IN THE ENCOUNTER. TODAY'S DENIAL WAS MUGABE'S FIRST STATEMENT SINCE NKOMO FLED THE COUNTRY.

"NKOMO WAS PLACED UNDER VIRTUAL HOUSE ARREST LAST WEEK IN HIS NATIVE MATABELELAND PROVINCE IN WESTERN ZIMBABWE AFTER ACCUSING MUGABE'S TROOPS OF KILLING SCORES OF CIVILIANS IN THE PROVINCE. LAST MONTH, NKOMO WAS ARRESTED BRIEFLY AS HE WAS ABOUT TO BOARD A PLANE TO SOUTH AFRICA.

"MUGABE ACCUSED NKOMO OF BEING IN 'COLLUSION' WITH SOUTH AFRICA TO DESTABILIZE ZIMBABWE BY FORMING A 'MATABELE- LAND BRIGADE' TO STIR UP DISSIDENTS AMONG NKOMO'S FELLOW NDEBELE TRIBESMEN IN THE PROVINCE. MUGABE, WHO IS FROM THE DOMINANT SHONA TRIBE, SENT THE NORTH KOREAN-TRAINED 5TH BIGADE TO MATABELELAND IN JANUARY TO CRUSH THE DISSI- DENT MOVEMENT, AND CHURCH AND RELIEF OFFICIALS HAVE

ESTIMATED THAT MORE THAN 1,000 CIVILIANS HAVE BEEN KILLED IN THE CAMPAIGN.

WHEN ASKED IF NKOMO HAD BETRAYED ZIMBABWE, MUGABE SAID THAT NKOMO WANTED TO LEAVE THE COUNTRY TO MEET WITH SOUTH AFRICAN OFFICIALS AND THAT DISSIDENTS HAVE ALSO BEEN GOING TO SOUTH AFRICA FOR GUERRILLA TRAINING. 'SO WE ACCUSED HIM OF COLLUSION WITH SOUTH AFRICA.

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256615 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256615 Date: 09/24/2013

"ASKED IF HE WOULD STICK TO HIS INSISTENCE ON ONE-PARTY RULE IN ZIMBABWE, MUGABE SAID, 'YES, YES, YES. THREE YESES, ON THE BASIS OF ASKING THE PEOPLE IF THEY AGREE WITH US ON ESTABLISHING DEMOCRATIC ONE-PARTY RULE, AND I'M SURE THE ANSWER WILL BE YES.

"HE SAID A ONE-PARTY STATE IS NOT NECESSARILY A DICTATOR- SHIP BECAUSE A MULTI-PARTY STATE CAN BE DICTATORIAL,' HE UNCLASSIFIED

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SAID THE ONE-PARTY SYSTEM WOULD BE AS ACCOMMODATING AS - POSSIBLE,' AND THAT HE WOULD ATTEMPT TO INCLUDE ELEMENTS FROM OTHER PARTIES IN THE SINGLE PARTY." - -

SHULTZ

UNCLASSIFIED

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E.O. 12356: DECL:OADR TAGS: PINS, PGOV, ZI, SHUM SUBJECT: MUGABE ON FIVE BRIGADE ACTIVITIES

REF: HARARE 7216

1. (U) THE FOLLOWING ARE EXCERPTS OF AN ARTICLE ENTITLED "FIVE BRIGADE WINNING THE PEOPLE OVER--PM" THAT APPEARED ON THE FRONT PAGE OF THE HERALD ON NOVEMBER 21.

-- THE GOVERNMENT BELIEVES THAT WESTERN OBSERVERS HAVE EXAGGERATED THE ALLEGED ATROCITIES ON CIVILIANS BY FIVE BRIGADE DURING OPERATIONS AGAINST DISSIDENTS CONFIDENTIAL

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IN SOME PARTS OF MATABELELAND, THE PRIME MINISTER, CDE MUGABE, HAS SAID.

-- IN AN INTERVIEW WITH AQUINO BRAGANZA, DIRECTOR OF THE CENTRE OF AFRICAN STUDIES AT MAPUTO'S EDUARDO MONDLANE UNIVERSITY, AND ALVES GOMES OF TEMPO MAGAZINE, PUBLISHED ON FRIDAY, CDE MUGABE SAID THE BRIGADE HAD BEEN CRITICISED FOR BEING RUTHLESS AND FOR HAVING VIOLATED HUMAN RIGHTS. -- "OF COURSE WE HAVE ESTABLISHED A COMMITTEE WHICH

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256732 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256732 Date: 09/24/2013

IS INQUIRING INTO ALLEGED ATROCITIES. BUT WE BELIEVE THERE IS A LOT OF EXAGGERATION."

-- SINCE ITS DEPLOYMENT INTO MATABELELAND, THE BRIGADE HAS BECOME "SO FRIENDLY WITH THE PEOPLE AND THE PEOPLE SO FRIENDLY WITH THE BRIGADE THAT WHEN WE WITHDREW THEM THE PEOPLE WANTED THEM BACK BECAUSE THE DISSIDENTS STARTED OPERATING AGAIN. AND WESHAD TO REDEPLOY THE BRIGADE IN THAT PA QICULAR AREA."

-- "SO WHEN WE DEPLOYED THEM IN PARTS OF MATABELELAND NORTH, THEIR APPROACH WAS NOT JUST TO USE THE GUN. IT WAS ALSO POLITICAL AS WAS THEIR APPROACH DURING THE WAR. YOU DON'T JUST ACT AGAINST THE DISSIDENTS. YOU ALSO ACT WITH THE POPULATION SO THAT THEY CAN SUPPORT THE GOVERNMENT."

CDE MUGABE SAID THE RECENT LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTION VICTORIES BY ZANU (PF) IN MATABELELAND DESTROYED THE MYTH THAT THER WERE TWO ETHNICALLY BASED PARTIES IN MATABELELAND.

-- ON THE FUTURE OF MINORTIY PARTIES IN ZIMBABWE, CONFIDENTIAL

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CDE MUGABE SAID: "AS WE BEGAN WE WERE COMMITTED TO A ONE-PARTY STATE, BUT WE RECOGNISED THAT THE FIRST YEARS HAD TO BE YEARS OF TOGETHERNESS IN CONSOLIDATING OUR INDEPENDENCE AND THAT WE HAD TO ACCEPT THE CONSTITUTION WHICH CAME OUT OF LANCASTER HOUSE. WE ACCOMMODATED EVEN THE ANTI-DEMOCRATIC FORCES OF IAN SMITH AND MUZOREWA." SINCE INDEPENDENCE MANY PARTIES WHO FOUGHT THE ELECTIONS HAD BECOME EXTINCT. "WE DON'T BAN THEM. THE SUPPORT THE PEOPLE HAVE GIVEN TO ZANU (PF) HAS FORCED THEM TO WIPE THEMSELVES OUT. SO WE HAD TO ENSURE A BASE OF NATIONAL UNITY WITH ALL THE FORCES THAT AGREED WITH US THAT INDEPENDENCE MUST BE SAFEGUARDED."

-- "HAVING DONE THAT, WE MUST PROCEED A STEP FURTHER AND ORGANIZE OUR PARTY AND MASS ORGANIZATIONS AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. WE MUST HAVE VIABLE PARTY STRUCTURES THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY--PROVINCE BY PROVINCE, DISTRICT BY DISTRICT AND VILLAGE BY VILLAGE. AND THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOING." 2. (C) COMMENT: MUGABE'S COMMENTS IN NO WAY JIBE WITH WHAT WE'VE HEARD ELSEWHERE. A VARIETY OF WELL- PLACED SOURCES HAVE INFORMED EMBOFFS THAT THE REDEPLOYMENT OF 5 BRIGADE STEMS PRIMARILY FROM THE LACK OF SUCCESS IT HAS HAD IN SUPPRESSING LOCAL SUPPORT FOR THE DISSIDENTS. MOREOVER, WE CONTINUE TO HEAR REPORTS THAT TROOPS OF 5 BRIGADE ARE

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256732 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256732 Date: 09/24/2013

COMMITTING ATROCITIES AGAINST THE NDEBELE AND SUSPECT THAT THE GOVERNMENTS DECISION TO BAN ALL OF MATABELELAND AND PART OF MIDLANDS FROM PRESS COVERAGE (REF) STEMS FROM MUGABE'S CONCERN OVER FURTHER WESTERN CRITICISM OF 5 BRIGADE TACTICS. FINALLY, WE BELIEVE MANY OF THE LOCAL ELECTIONS IN

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MATABELELAND HAVE BEEN HELD QQDER QUESTFZZNABLE CIRCUMSTANCES AND THAT MOST NDEBELE REMAIN LOYAL TO ZAZAPU. END COMMENT. KEELEY

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1. (U) SUMMARY. DURING THE PRIME MINISTER'S QUESTION TIME IN PARLIAMENT JULY 8, MUGABE CHARGED THAT NDABANINGI SITHOLE WAS USING THE FACILITIES OF THE HERITAGE FOUN- DATION TO OVERTHROW THE GOZ. MUGABE ALSO ALLUDED TO LINKAGE BETWEEN ZAPU AND ARMED DISSIDENTS IN MATABELE- LAND. ON ECONOMIC SUBJECTS, THE PM LECTURED ON THE EVILS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND ON THE VIRTUES OF SOCIALISM. END SUMMARY.

2. (U) HIGHLIGHTS OF MUGABE'S ANSWERS TO PARLIAMENTARY QUESTIONS ARE NOTED BELOW:

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THE SITHOLE/RENAMO THREAT

3. (U) MUGABE WAS ASKED IF ZANU-S, REPRESENTED IN PARLIAMENT BY A SINGLE MP, SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO CONTINUE "OPERATING ILLEGALLY" IN ZIMBABWE IN VIEW OF RECENT REPORTS OF RENAMO/ZANU-S COLLABORATION. MUGABE SAID IT WAS UP TO THE SINGLE ZANU-S MEMBER TO "MAKE UP HIS MIND WHICH WAY HE WANTS TO GO." THE PM CHARGED, HOWEVER, THAT REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05257013 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05257013 Date: 09/24/2013

NDABANINGI SITHOLE "IS ORGANIZING A MILITARY CAMPAIGN TO OVERTHROW THIS GOVERNMENT AND IS DOING IT OVERTLY, NOT COVERTLY, USING THE FACILITIES OF THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION AND OTHER PERSONS AND FACILITIES IN SOUTH AFRICA." MUGABE SAID THE GOVERNMENT HAS NOT BANNED SITHOLE'S MINUSCULE PARTY IN ZIMBABWE BUT THAT ZANU-S WAS NEVERTHE- LESS "ILLEGAL BY WAY OF ITS PRACTICES."

ZAPU AND DISSIDENTS

4. (U) MUGABE DENIED THAT THERE WAS A NECESSARY CONNECTION BETWEEN THE BREAKDOWN OF ZANU-ZAPU UNITY TALKS AND AN ALLEGED UPSURGE OF DISSIDENT ACTIVITY IN MATABELE- LAND. INSTEAD, HE SAW A LINKAGE BETWEEN LOCAL ELECTIONS IN MATABELELAND AND INCREASED VIOLENCE, "A CAMPAIGN TO HARASS THOSE WHO DID NOT BELONG TO ZAPU IN THOSE PARTICULAR AREAS, IN SOME CASES TO ACTUALLY ELIMINATE INDIVIDUALS, PERHAPS THOSE WHO HAVE DECLARED THEMSELVES ZANU WHEN FORMERLY THEY WERE ZAPU." THE GOZ, SAID MUGABE, IS "VERY UNHAPPY ABOUT THIS LINKAGE BETWEEN LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS AND THE CAMPAIGN OF HARASSMENT AND CONFIDENTIAL

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BANDITRY IN PARTICULAR AREAS WHICH TEND TO SUGGEST THAT ZAPU HAS A LOT TO DO WITH IT." AS A RESULT, THE MINISTER OF HOME AFFAIRS HAD FOUND IT NECESSARY TO RULE THAT SOME ELECTIONS (NB: ZAPU VICTORIES) WOULD NOT BE RECOGNIZED.

THIRD WORLD DEBT

5. (LOU) IN RESPONSE TO A QUESTION ABOUT THE THIRD WORLD DEBT PROBLEM, MUGABE'S LENGTHY ANSWER REVEALED A WOEFUL MISUNDERSTANDING OF MARKET FORCES. ACCORDING TO MUGABE, THIRD WORLD DEBT IS INCURRED BECAUSE THE "SOUTH" -- DEVELOPING COUNTRIES -- SELL THEIR COMMODITIES AT "GIVE-AWAY" PRICES DETERMINED BY BUYERS OF THE "NORTH." AT THE SAME TIME, "THE INPUTS WE NEED TO PRODUCE THOSE COMMODITIES ARE SET AT INFLATED PRICES" BY THE INDUSTRIALIZED NORTH. "NATURALLY," CONCLUDES MUGABE, "THERE IS INDEBTEDNESS . . . AND I AM AFRAID IT WILL CONTINUE TO HAUNT US."

FOREIGN INVESTMENT

6. (LOU) MUGABE WAS EVEN MORE MUDDLED WHEN REBUTTING CHARGES OF ZIMBABWE'S FAILURE TO ATTRACT FOREIGN

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INVESTMENT. MUGABE COULD SEE "NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A LOAN ON WHICH YOU PAY INTEREST AND AN INVESTMENT ON WHICH YOU PAY OUT PROFITS AND DIVIDENDS. THE TWO ARE ALIKE." FROM MUGABE'S PERSPECTIVE, "THE MORE FOREIGN COMPANIES OPERATING IN ZIMBABWE, THE MORE DIVIDENDS AND PROFITS WE SHALL BE REMITTING ABROAD AND THE MORE OUR

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E.0.12356: DECL:OADR TAGS: PGOV, ZI SUBJECT: MUGABE REPLIES TO QUESTIONS IN PARLIAMENT

FOREIGN INDEBTEDNESS." SINCE ZIMBABWEANS HAVE LOTS OF "MONEY IN THEIR POCKETS" THEY SHOULD BE THE ONES FORMING COMPANIES AND INVESTING -- NOT FOREIGNERS. MUGABE DID NOT RULE OUT FOREIGN INVESTMENT ALTOGETHER, BUT SUGGESTED IT WOULD BE VERY CAREFULLY SCREENED AND CONTROLLED BY

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GOVERNMENT.

THE MAPUTO LINE

7. (U) MUGABE SAID THAT, APART FROM "OUR KNOWING SOME OF CONFIDENTIAL

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THE PARTIES WHICH ARE INTERESTED IN FUNDING IT" AND "A SERIES OF DISCUSSIONS WITH THE MOZAMBICAN GOVERNMENT," NOTHING TANGIBLE HAS YET BEEN DONE ON THE MAPUTO RAILWAY LINE. ALL EFFORTS ARE AT THIS TIME BEING CONCENTRATED ON THE REHABILITATION OF THE BEIRA CORRIDOR, WITH ONLY 50 KMS OF WORK LEFT TO BE DONE.

SOCIALISM VS. CAPITALISM

8. (U) A WHITE MP ASKED MUGABE IF THE GOZ MIGHT CONSIDER MODIFYING ITS SOCIO-ECONOMIC POLICIES IN VIEW OF RECENT ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION IN THE PRC AND USSR. MUGABE THOUGHT NOT: "GO TO BRITAIN, GO TO THE UNITED STATES AND WHAT DO YOU SEE -- A DIVIDED SOCIETY -- THE VERY RICH AT THE TOP AND THE VERY POOR AT THE BOTTOM. GO TO THE SOVIET UNION, YOU DO NOT GET THAT DIVISION, AND YOU DO NOT GET POVERTY IN THE STREETS . . . GO TO CHINA, WITH ITS MILLIONS. PEOPLE THERE ARE NOT THAT WELL TO DO. PEOPLE LIVE MODEST LIVES BUT THEY ARE NOT BEGGARS IN THE STREETS AS YOU FIND IN CAPITALIST DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. AND SO I THINK WE SHOULD BE GUIDED BY SUCH VIRTUES AS MAKE PEOPLE OF A COMMUNITY OR SOCIETY COLLECTIVE OWNERS OF THEIR RESOURCES."

COMMENT - - - - 9. (C) AS USUAL, QUESTION TIME IN PARLIAMENT WAS VALUABLE CHIEFLY FOR THE GLIMPSES IT OFFERED OF MUGABE'S PHILOSOPHY. WE FIND PARTICULARLY DISCOURAGING HIS RUDIMENTARY GRASP OF ECONOMIC REALITIES AND HIS CONFIDENTIAL

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UNWILLINGNESS TO BREAK WITH WHAT HE CONSIDERS SACRED "SOCIALIST" PRINCIPLES.

10. (C) MUGABE'S CONNECTION OF ZAPU TO ALLEGED VIOLENCE

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SURROUNDING LOCAL ELECTIONS IS ALSO DISTURBING. IT JUSTIFIES THE GOZ DECISION TO ANNUL SEVERAL ZAPU VICTORIES AND (FALSELY) PORTRAYS ZANU SUPPORTERS AS VICTIMS OF INTIMIDATION. ZANU ACTIVISTS ARE NOW LIKELY TO PARROT MUGABE'S ANALYSIS THAT ZAPU IS NOT TRULY REPRESENTATIVE OF THE POPULATION IN MATABELELAND. END COMMENT.

RAWLINGS

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LIMITED OFFICIAL USE SECTION 01 OF 02 HARARE 1984

DEPT FOR AF/S, AF/I, CA/OCS/EMR; PASS WHITE HOUSE/NSC FOR WETTERING; CAPE TOWN FOR EMBASSY

E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PINS, MASS, PGOV, ZI, SF, KN SUBJECT: MUGABE VISITS FIVE BRIGADE, CALLS FOR DISCIPLINE

REF: FBIS CA 211749 (NOTAL)

1. PRIME MINISTER PAID A VISIT TO ELEMENTS OF FIVE BRIGADE ON MONDAY, MARCH 31 AND SAID THE ARMY SHOULD BE STRENGTHENED IN BOTH TRAINING AND EQUIPMENT IF IT IS TO CONTAIN THE THREAT OF SABOTAGE FROM SOUTH AFRICA. SPEAKING AT KUTANGA LIMITED OFFICIAL USE

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RANGE, NEAR QUE QUE IN MIDLANDS PROVINCE, MUGABE SAID THERE WAS A BAD SITUATION IN PARTS OF THE COUNTRY, CAUSED BY DISSIDENTS, BUT HE DID NOT FEEL IT WAS MORE SERIOUS THAN THE DANGER FROM SOUTH AFRICA. HE ALSO RENEWED AN APPEAL HE HAD MADE EARLIER FOR DISCIPLINE WITHIN THE ARMY, SAYING AN ARMY THAT BECOMES "THE PEOPLE'S ENEMEY" LOST THE RIGHT TO DEFEND THE PEOPLE. HE AGAIN EXPRESSED THANKS TO THE NORTH KOREANS WHO HAD PARTICIPATED IN THE TRAINING OF FIVE BRIGADE, WHICH WAS NOW COMPLETED. STORY LEADS THE HERALD'S FRONG PAGE MARCH 22 UNDER THE

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

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HEADLINE "STRONGER ARMY IS VITAL FOR DEFENSE" AND A PHOTO OF SOME 13 TANKS LINED UP FORA FIRING DEMONSTRATION. TEXT OF STORY IN PARA 3.

2. COMMENT: WE NOTE THE EMPHASIS PLACED ON DISCIPLINE BY THE PRIME MINISTER, WHICH COULD BE A BACKHANDED ACKNOWLEDGMENT THAT FIVE BRIGADE DID COMMIT SOME EXCESSES DURING ITS RECENT OPERATIONS IN MATABELELAND, AS WIDELY REPORTED IN THE WESTERN MEDIA. WE ARE ALSO INTRIGUED BY THE MANNER IN WHICH MUGABE MENTIONED THAT THE NORTH KOREAN TRAINING OF THE BRIGADE WAS ENDED. END COMMENT.

3. BEGIN TEXT: THE NATIONAL ARMY NEEDS "SHARPENING" IN ORDER TO REPULSE SOUTH AFRICA'S CONTINUED ACTS OF AGGRESSION AGAINST ZIMBABWE'S INDEPENDENCE, THE PRIME MINISTER, CDE MUGABE, SAID HERE YESTERDAY. SPEAKING DURING A 5 BRIGADE TANK SQUADRON DEMONSTRATION, CDE MUGABE SAID THE ARMY SHOULD BE STRENGTHENED IN TERMS OF TRAINING AND EQUIPMENT IF IT WAS TO CONTAIN THE PRETORIA REGIME'S CURRENT THREATS OF SABOTAGE AGAINST THE NATION.

-- "WE MUST IMPROVE THE CAPABILITY OF THE ARMY AND ITS LIMITED OFFICIAL USE

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EQUIPMENT SO THAT WE CAN PREPARE TO DEFEND OURSELVES AGAINST SOUTH AFRICA," HE SAID.

-- THE PRIME MINISTER, WHO FLEW HERE ACCOMPANIED BY THE MINISTER OF STATE (DEFENSE), DR. SYDNEY SEKERAMAYI, AND THE ARMY COMMANDER, LEUTENANT-GENERAL REX NHONGO, ALSO WATCHED ROCKET ARTILLERY DEMONSTRATIONS AND INSPECTED NEW EQUIPMENT ACQUIRED BY 5 BRIGADE. HE SAID SOUTH AFRICA WAS CURRENTLY INTENSIFYING ITS TRAINING PROGRAM WITH A VIEW TO DESTABILIZING ZIMBABWE.

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-- "WE ARE ALSO AWARE OF ITS ACTS OF AGGRESSION AGAINST THE PEOPLE OF ANGOLA AND THAT IT IS SPONSORING THE MNR IN COMMITTING ACTS OF SABOTAGE AGAINST THAT COUNTRY," THE PRIME MINISTER ADDED. BECAUSE OF THESE ACTS OF SABOTAGE AGAINST NEIGHBORING STATES, HE SAID, ZIMBABWE SHOULD PREPARE TO DEFEND ITSELF IN CASE OF

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ANY VIOLATIONS OF ITS TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY. ALTHOUGH THERE WAS A BAD SITUATION IN THE COUNTRY CAUSED BY DISSIDENTS, HE DID NOT THINK IT CAUSED A MORE SERIOUS THREAT TO THE NATION THAN SOUTH AFRICA.

-- THE PRIME MINISTER ALSO RENEWED HIS EARLIER APPEAL FOR DISCIPLINE WITHIN THE ARMY. "THERE IS NO LIMITED OFFICIAL USE

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ARMY WHICH CAN FIGHT EFFECTIVELY UNLESS IT HAS A HIGH SENSE OF DISCIPLINE. ANY ARMY THAT TURNS ITSELF INTO A PEOPLE'S ENEMY NO LONGER DESERVED THE RIGHT TO DEFEND THEM," HE SAID.

-- SIMILARLY, HE SAID, THE POLICE AND SECURITY FORCES SHOULD ALSO MAINTAIN A HIGH SENSE OF DISCIPLINE IF THEIR PRIME MOTIVE WAS TO DEFEND THE PEOPLE. CDE MUGABE EMPHASIZED THE NEED FOR A PEOPLE'S ARMY WHICH WAS LOYAL TO THE NATION AND THE GOVERNMENT.

-- YOU SHOOT ONLY WHEN THE COMMAND IS GIVEN AND YOU MUST HAVE INTERNAL DISCIPLINE TO MOTIVATE YOU TO DO THE RIGHT THING ALWAYS," SAID CDE MUGABE. HE SAID IF A SOLDIER'S BEHAVIOR PROVED TO THE CONTRARY, HE WOULD NOT BE FIT TO BE IN THE ARMY.

-- HOWEVER, THE PRIME MINISTER EXPRESSED GRATITUDE THAT DISCIPLINE WAS IMPROVING IN THE ARMY AND THAT IT WAS BECOMING MORE UNITED IN ITS EFFORTS TO DEFEND THE NATION. ADDRESSING HIMSELF SPECIFICALLY TO THE KOREANS WHO HELPED TRAIN 5 BRIGADE, CDE MUGABE THANKED THEM FOR COMING TO ZIMBABWE'S AID DURING THE COUNTRY'S GREATEST NEED. "IT IS THOSE WHO COME TO YOU WHEN YOU ARE IN GREATEST NEED WHO ARE YOUR FRINDS INDEED," HE SAID. THEIR CONTRIBUTION, HE SAID, HAD MADE THEM ONE OF THE GREATEST FRINEDS OF ZIMBABWE.

CDE MUGABE WAS HAPPY TO NOTE THAT THE KOREANS HAD NOW FINISHED TRAINING 5 BRIGADE AND EXPRESSED HOPE THAT THE ZIMBABWEAN COMMANDERS TRAINED WOULD ALSO IMPART THE KNOWLEDGE THEY ACQUIRED TO THEIR COLLEAGUES. THE PRIME MINISTER SAID HE WAS IMPRESSED WITH THE DEMONSTRATION LIMITED OFFICIAL USE

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OF SOPHISTICATED EQUIPMENT HE HAD SEEN. END TEXT.

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CONFIDENTIAL SECTION 01 OF 02 HARARE 5409

E.O. 12356: DECL: 9/22/92 TAGS: PINS, PINT, EAGR, PTER, ZI SUBJECT: MUGABE VISITS MATABELELAND

REF: HARARE 4911

1. (C) BEGIN SUMMARY: DURING A TWO-DAY VISIT TO MATABELELAND PRIME MINISTER MUGABE MET WITH BUSINESSMEN, FARMERS, AND LOCAL OFFICIALS. HE DELIVERED TWO MESSAGES: THE GOZ INTENDS TO MAINTAIN PRESSURE AGAINST DISSIDENT ACTIVITY; AND THE GOZ APPRECIATES THE ROLE OF THE COMMERCIAL FARMERS AND IS SYMPA- THETIC TO THE PROBLEMS THEY ARE FACING. THE MOOD IN THE WAKE OF THE VISIT IS POSITIVE, ALTHOUGH MANY WILL WAIT TO SEE WHAT RESULTS ARE FORTHCOMING. END SUMMARY.

2. (U) ACCORDING TO REPORTS IN THE HARARE PRESS, THE WEEK- END VISIT TO MATABELELAND BY PRIME MINISTER MUGABE WAS A MARKED SUCCESS. SPEAKING AT A SCHOOL AWARDS CEREMONY FRIDAY, SEPT. 18, BEFORE BEGINNING HIS VISIT TO MATABELE- CONFIDENTIAL

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LAND, MUGABE SAID THAT "THE BANDITS WHO ARE CARRYING OUT ROBBERIES, ASSASSINATIONS AND KIDNAPPINGS OF INNOCENT PEOPLE ARE THE CRIMINALS OF SOCIETY WHO ARE NOT IMBUED WITH ANY SENSE OF DISCIPLINE OR MORALITY. THEY ARE THE SAME WILD ANIMALS WHICH WE MUST HUNT AND DESTROY IN THE INTERESTS OF PEACE AND SECURITY."

3. (U) ADDRESSING A MULTIRACIAL AUDIENCE OF BUSINESSMEN AND OTHER LEADERS IN BULAWAYO FRIDAY NIGHT, MUGABE STATED THAT CONTINUING ACTS OF VIOLENCE AND OTHER UNLAWFUL ACTS

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

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BY DISSIDENTS HAVE STRENGTHENED THE GOZ RESOLVE TO BRING EVERY DISSIDENT TO BOOK. ZIMBABWEANS COULD NOT AFFORD TO LOOK BACK AND TRY TO REVIVE OLD SCORES, HE SAID. RATHER, THE GOZ POLICY OF RECONCILIATION MEANT THAT THE PARTIES TO THE PROCESS SHOULD RESPECT THE RULES WHICH MADE FOR A FIRM PARTNERSHIP. MUGABE SAID HE FELT LET DOWN BY DISSIDENT ACTIVITY IN MATABELELAND AFTER HE HAD ANNOUNCED HIS RECONCILIATION POLICY, AND HE WARNED THAT "THOSE WHO TAKE TO VIOLENCE DESERVE PUNISHMENT THROUGH VIOLENCE." HE RECOGNIZED THAT SOME VILLAGERS HAD BEEN FORCED TO ASSIST THE DISSIDENTS, BUT THOSE WHO AIDED AND ABETTED DISSIDENTS WERE ACCOMPLICES.

4. (U) MUGABE TOLD THE SAME MEETING THAT FORCES BEYOND THE CONTROL OF ZIMBABWE HAD TENDED TO NEGATE THE ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE LAST YEAR. THE WORLD RECESSION HAD HAD ITS EFFECT ON THE MINING INDUSTRY, BUT HE CONGRATULATED THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY FOR ITS EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE IN SPITE OF THESE EXTERNAL DIFFICULTIES. THERE WAS STILL A NEED FOR BELT TIGHTENING, BUT THERE WOULD BE LOANS FOR CERTAIN SECTORS OF THE MINING INDUSTRY, AND FOREIGN CURRENCY ALLOCATIONS WOULD BE INCREASED WHEN THE SITUATION EASED. CONFIDENTIAL

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5. MEETING WITH OVER 200 MEMBERS OF THE COMMERCIAL FARMERS' UNION (CFU) ON SATURDAY AT MARULA, SOME 60 KM SOUTHWEST OF BULAWAYO, MUGABE TOLD THEM THAT THE GOZ RECOGNIZED THE IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE AND WANTED THEM TO "STAY IN THE COUNTRY AND ON THE LAND." MUGABE SAID THE GOZ WAS TAKING STEPS TO ASSIST THE FARMERS AND WOULD CONTINUE TO DO SO, EVEN IN THE FACE OF CRITICISM FROM OTHER SECTORS. WHEN VARIOUS CFU FARMERS SPOKE OF A DETERIORATION IN THE SECURITY SITUATION, MUGABE REPORTEDLY ASSURED THE AUDIENCE THAT SECURITY PRECAUTIONS AND ANTI- DISSIDENT OPERATIONS WOULD BE INTENSIFIED THROUGHOUT THE PROVINCE. HE REJECTED SUGGESTIONS THAT THE ARMY WAS INEFFECTIVE AGAINST DISSIDENCE, BUT ADMITTED THAT MEMBERS OF THE ARMY WERE RESPONSIBLE FOR SOME "ACTS OF INDISCI- PLINE," AND EVEN, ON OCCASION, OF BRUTALITY AGAINST THE LOCAL POPULATION.

6. (U) A FRONT-PAGE ARTICLE IN THE HERALD ON SEPT. 20 SUMMED UP MUGABE'S MESSAGE TO MATABELELAND, UNDER THE HEADLINE "WE DON'T WANT WAR WITH ZAPU -- PM." ACCORDING TO THE ARTICLE, MUGABE'S MESSAGE AT HIS MEETINGS DURING HIS TWO-DAY SWING THROUGH MATABELELAND WAS THAT THE GOVERNMENT, THOUGH LED BY ZANU (PF), WAS A GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL UNITY BECAUSE IT INCLUDED MEMBERS OF OTHER PARTIES." THE PARTY'S PROGRAM TO DEVELOP THE COUNTRY WAS NOT INTENDED TO ADVANCE THE INTERESTS OF THAT PARTY,

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BUT OF THE COUNTRY AS A WHOLE. MUGABE TOLD THE BULAWAYO MEETING THAT ZANU (PF) HAD NO OBJECTION TO OTHER PARTIES OR GROUPS EXPRESSING CONSTRUCTIVE CRITICISM OF GOZ POLICIES, PROVIDED THEY DID SO WITHIN THE CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK.

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CONFIDENTIAL SECTION 02 OF 02 HARARE 5409

7. (C) WHO ACCOMPANIED MUGABE ON HIS VISIT TO MARULA AND BULAWAYO, TOLD EMBOFF SEPT. 21 THAT HE FELT THE RESULTS OF MUGABE'S TRIP WERE MOST POSITIVE. HE IMPLIED THAT MUGABE VISITED MARULA PARTIALLY AS A RESULT OF THE VISIT THERE BY AGRICULTURE MINISTER DENNIS NORMAN LAST MONTH (REFTEL) AND SAID THIS EVIDENCE OF GOZ ATTENTION TO THE CONCERNS OF THE COMMER- CIAL FARMERS WAS WELL RECEIVED. MUGABE D CONSUMMATE POLITICAL SKILLS, ACCORDING TO AND ESTABLISHED A GOOD RAPPORT WITH THE CFU MEMBERS. WHEN A THIRD-GENERA- TION WHITE FARMER REFERRED TO HIMSELF AS AN NDEBELE" AND CALLED THE GOZ YOUR GOVERNMENT," MUGABE RESPONDED

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BRISKLY THAT IT WAS EVERYBODY'S GOVERNMENT AND WOULD REMAIN SO.

8. (C) ONE OF THE CFU MEMBERS SPOKE UP IN PRAISE OF MUGABE'S DECISION TO RELEASE THE YORK BROTHERS, WHO WERE PRESENT AT THE MEETING IN MARULA. MUGABE RESPONDED THAT HE'D ACTED OUT OF COMPASSION, BASED ON THE SOLID REPU- CONFIDENTIAL

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TATION OF THE YORK FAMILY IN THE AREA. HE WAS GLAD THAT HIS DECISION WAS APPRECIATED.

9. (C) COMMENT: ALL THE FEEDBACK RECEIVED BY THE EMBASSY AFTER MUGABE'S FORAY INTO THIS MOST FRACTIOUS OF PROVINCES HAS BEEN UPBEAT. TOLD CHARGE THAT HE BELIEVES THE RESULTS WILL BE POSI- TIVE AS WELL, SINCE THE FARMERS HEARD THAT THEIR ROLE IN THE COUNTRY'S ECONOMY IS APPRECIATED AND THEIR CON- CERNS ARE UNDERSTOOD. CONSIDERABLE DAYLIGHT REMAINS BETWEEN GOZ POLICY AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION BY THE POLICE AND ARMY, AND THE FARMERS AND OTHERS WILL BE WATCHING TO SEE THAT THIS GAP IS CLOSED. END COMMENT. LANPHER

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CAPE TOWN FOR EMBASSY

E.O. 12356: DECL: 5/18/89 TAGS: PGOV, PINS, ZI SUBJECT: MUGABE VISITS MATABELELAND; APPEALS FOR UNITY

1. (U) SUMMARY: PRIME MINISTER MUGABE SPENT LAST FRIDAY AND SATURDAY (MAY 13-14) VISITING TWO OF THE HARDEST-HIT DISTRICTS OF MATABELELAND IN AN EFFORT TO WIN THE HEARTS AND MINDS OF THE NEDEBELE RESIDENTS. HE CALLED FOR ALL ZIMBABWEANS TO UNITE AND WORK TOGETHER FOR THE NATION'S DEVELOPMENT AND DISCOUNTED THE WIDESPREAD BELIEF THAT THE ZANU GOVERNMENT WAS WORKING IN FAVOR OF ONE REGION OF THE COUNTRY TO THE DETRIMENT OF OTHERS. HE WARNED THAT THE GOZ WOULD FIGHT BACK WHEN IT WAS OPPOSED, AND SUPPORTERS OF THE OPPONENTS MUST NOT BE SURPRISED IF THEY WERE HURT CONFIDENTIAL

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IN THE CONFLICT. HE REPEATED THE STORY OF HOW HE OFFERED THE ZIMBABWEAN PRESIDENCY TO ZAPU LEADER JOSHUA NKOMO THREE TIMES AND WAS THRICE REFUSED, AND "REVEALED" THAT HIS FATHER'S SECOND WIFE HAD BEEN AN NDEBELE. END SUMMARY.

2. (U) ON FRIDAY THE THIRTEENTH, MUGABE ADDRESSED "AN ESTIMATED 25,000 PEOPLE" AT A RALLY IN TSHOLOTSHO, SOME 100 KILOMETERS NORTHWEST OF BULAWAYO. HE SAID ZIMBABWEANS OF ALL TRIBES, COLOURS AND CREEDS MUST UNITE AND WORK TOGETHER TO ENABLE THE COUNTRY TO FORGE AHEAD WITH ITS REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

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DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES. IT DID NOT MATTER WHICH POLITICAL PARTY ONE SUPPORTED; THE ULTIMATE AIM WAS TO CONSOLIDATE THE COUNTRY'S INDEPENDENCE AND ENSURE COMPLETION OF THE GOVERNMENTS DEVELOPMENT PLANS. "THE COUNTRY BELONGS TO ALL OF US. WE MUST ALL WORK TOGETHER FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT," HE SAID. HE WARNED THAT THE GOZ WOULD NEVER TOLERATE PEOPLE FROM ONE REGION REFUSING TO WORK WITH IT ON THE SPECIOUS GROUNDS THAT THE COUNTRY WAS NOT YET LIBERATED. HE STRESSED THAT THE GOVERNMENT WHICH HE LEADS WOULD NEVER, AT ANY STAGE, PROMOTE TRIBALISM OR REGIONALISM.

3. (U) SPEAKING ON THE SECURITY SITUATION, HE SAID IT WAS "VERY PAINFUL" FOR THE GOZ TO IMPOSE A CURFEW ON ANY PART OF THE COUNTRY. HOWEVER, WHEN PEOPLE CHOSE TO SUPPORT MISGUIDED ELEMENTS LIKE DISSIDENTS, THE AUTHORITIES WOULD HAVE NO SYMPATHY FOR THEM. THEY WOULD HIT BACK AT ANYONE WHO CHOSE TO FIGHT THEM, AND SUPPORTERS MUST NOT EXPECT ANY SUMPATHY. HE CALLED ON LOCAL COUNCILLORS TO SERVE AS A MORE EFFECTIVE CONDUIT TO TRANSMIT THE NEEDS AND DESIRES OF THE LOCAL POPULATION TO THE AUTHORITIES OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AND URGED RURAL COUNCILLORS TO LIVE IN THEIR AREAS OF RESPONSI- BILITY AND NOT IN THE TOWNS. CONFIDENTIAL

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4. (U) ON SATURDAY, MUGABE SPOKE TO "AN ENTHUSIASTIC CROWD OF THOUSANDS" IN LUPANE, 170 KM NORTH OF BULAWAYO. HE TOLD THEM THAT, ON INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE ZANU CENTRAL COMMITTEE, HE HAD OFFERED THE STATE PRESIDENCY TO JOSHUA NKOMO. NKOMO REFUSED THE OFFER THREE TIMES, AND THE PARTY FINALLY DECIDED TO INCLUDE NKOMO AND SEVEN OTHER ZAPU MEMBERS IN THE CABINET AS MINISTERS OR DEPUTY MINISTERS. "WE DID THAT IN ORDER TO UNITE OUR PEOPLE AND FIGHT THE NEW ECONOMIC WAR TOGETHER," THE P.M. TOLD THE CROWD. THIS ARRANGEMENT WORKED UNTIL THE ZAPU ARMS CACHES WERE DISCOVERED, "SOMETIME IN 1981," AND THE SPLIT BETWEEN THE PARTIES FLARED UP INTO CONFLICT.

5. "SOME OF YOU SUPPORTED (THE ZAPU LEADERS) IN THEIR EFFORTS TO TRY TO OVERTHROW THE POPULARLY-ELECTED GOVERNMENT," HE SAID. "WAR IS PAINFUL AND THOSE WHO START IT MUST KNOW THAT THEY WILL GET HURT AND SO WILL THEIR SUPPORTERS." HE REPEATED HIS STATEMENT OF THE PREVIOUS DAY THAT HIS GOVERNMENT SOUGHT UNITY AND PEACE FOR ALL THE CITIZENS, AND APPEALED FOR UNITY IN THE TASK OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256668 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256668 Date: 09/24/2013

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INFO OCT-00 COPY-01 ADS-00 AID-07 INR-10 EUR-12 SS-10 CIAE-00 DODE-00 H-01 10-15 NSC-01 NSAE-00 SY-06 HA-08 L-03 PM-08 PA-01 OCS-06 SAL-01 SYE-00 USIE-00 SP-02 SNP-01 PRS-01 /104 W 056634 191848Z/46 R 190830Z MAY 83 FM AMEMBASSY HARARE TO SECSTATE WASHDC 9847 INFO AMCONSUL CAPE TOWN AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM AMEMBASSY GABORONE AMEMBASSY LILONGWE AMEMBASSY LONDON AMEMBASSY LUSAKA AMEMBASSY MAPUTO AMEMBASSY PRETORIA

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CAPE TOWN FOR EMBASSY

6. (U) MUGABE THEN TOLD THE CROWD THAT HIS FATHER, WHO HAD WORKED FOR MORE THAN TEN YEARS IN BULAWAYO, MARRIED AN NDEBELE WOMAN AS HIS SECOND WIFE. WHEN HE RETURNED TO MASHONALAND IN 1944, HE BROUGHT HER AND ALL HER BELONGINGS ALONG. SINCE HIS FATHER'S DEATH, MUGABE SAID, HE HAD BEEN RESPONSIBLE FOR HIS MOTHER AND STEP- MOTHER: "I DO NOT TREAT THEM DIFFERENTLY JUST BECAUSE

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256668 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256668 Date: 09/24/2013

MY STEPMOTHER IS NDEBELE; WE ARE ONE HAPPY FAMILY...IF AS LEADER OF THE GOVERNMENT TODAY I SAY I HATE NDEBELES, THAT WOULD BE TANTAMOUNT TO SAYING THAT I HATE MY MOTHER."

7. (U) MUGABE WAS ACCOMPANIED ON HIS TOUR BY MINISTERS MNANGAGWA, SEKERAMAYI, NKALA, NYAGUMBO, ZIYAMBI, AND JOHN NKOMO. STORIES REPORTING HIS TRIP RECEIVED FRONT- CONFIDENTIAL

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PAGE BUT SECONDARY PROMINENCE IN THE HARARE PAPERS, WHEREAS THEY WERE GIVEN EXTENSIVE SPACE IN THE BULAWAYO PRESS. THE BULAWAYO CHRONICLE SATURDAY HEADLINED "LETS FORGE AHEAD IN UNITY, SAYS MUGABE" WITH THE SUBHEAD "TSHOLOTSHO PEOPLE TOLD: GOVT. FOR ALL." THE ARTICLE WAS ACCOMPANIED BY PHOTOS OF THE P.M. GREETING "ULULATING WOMEN" BEFORE THE SPEECH, AND BY A LARGE PANORAMA OF PREDOMINANTLY WOMEN WITH FISTS UPRAISED SHOUTING "PHAMBILI ("FORWARD*"). AN INSIDE PAGE CARRIED A PHOTE OF THE P.M. INSPECTING A DETACHMENT FROM FIVE BRIGADE BEFORE ADDRESSING THE CROWD IN TSHOLOTSHO. THE B'YO SUNDAY NEWS STORY, HEADLINED "NKOMO TURNED DOWN TOP JOB THREE TIMES," WAS ACCOMPANIED BY TWO PHOTOS. ONE SHOWS SECURITY MINISTER MNANGAGWA JOINING IN SOME TRIBAL DANCING IN LUPANE; THE OTHER SHOWS THE P.M. AT THE MICROPHONE WITH A POLICE AIDE-DE-CAMP BEHIND HIM AND AN AK-TOTING FIVE BRIGADE MEMBER WATCHING THE CROWD IN FRONT OF HIM. ZTV CARRIED EXTENSIVE FILMED REPOTS ON THE TRIP ON ITS EVENING NEWSCASTS EARLY THIS WEEK.

8. (C) COMMENT: THIS TRIP WAS MUGABE'S FIRST INTO THE HEARTLEAD OF MATABELELAND SINCE THE WEEEP THROUGH THE PROVINCE BY FIVE BRIGADE EARLY THIS YEAR, AND HIS FIRST VISIT EVER TO LUPANE. WE ARE STRUCK BY THE MODERATE TONE OF HIS REPORTED REMAKRS, APPEALING FOR UNITY AND GENTLY SCOLDING THE PEOPLE FOR HAVING OFFERED SUPPORT TO DISSIDENTS. THIS CONTRASTS SHARPLY WITH EARLIER SPEECHES MADE IN THE PROVINCE BY NYAGUMBO AND NKALA, WHICH WERE EXTREMELY TOUGHT AND UNFORGIVING. THE FACT THAT MINISTER OF STATE JOHN NKOMO (A ZAPU CENTRAL COMMITTEE MEMBER) ACCOMPANIED HIM SHOULD ALSO BE SEEN AS A CONCILIATORY GESTURE; HE WAS PROBABLY THE ONLY MEMBER OF THE ENTOURAGE WHO SPEAKS SINDEBELE. THE FILMED REPORTS OF CONFIDENTIAL

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THE SPEECHES BELIE THE PRESS DESCRIPTIONS OF ENTHUSIAS- TIC CROWDS -- THE REACTION WAS MUTED AT BEST. NONETHELESS WE HOPE THAT THIS VISIT MARKS A NEW PHASE IN THE GOZ EFFORT AT PACIFYING MATABELELAND, ONE TRULY

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AIMED AT THE HEARTS AND MINDS OF THE PEOPLE. IF SO, IT WILL ONCE AGAIN INDICATE THAT FEW NEW POLICIES ARE INSTITUTED WITHOUT THE PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT OF THE PRIME MINISTER. END COMMENT. KEELEY

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RELEASED IN FULL UNCLASSIFIED

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E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PGOV, PINS, ZI SUBJECT: MUGABE'S NEW YEAR'S MESSAGE: GENERALLY UPBEAT

1. SUMMARY: PRIME MINISTER MUGABE MADE HIS ANNUAL ADDRESS TO THE NATION ON NEW YEAR'S EVE, AND THE TONE OF HIS REMARKS WAS GENERALLY POSITIVE. HE PRAISED THE POLICE AND SECURITY FORCES FOR THEIR WORK IN CONTROLLING THE DISSIDENT PROBLEM IN MATABELELAND, WHERE HE SAID THE SITUATION WAS BETTER THAN BEFORE. HE REITERATED ZIMBABWE'S POSITION AS A NON-ALIGNED STATE WHICH REJECTED AID WITH STRINGS. THE NATION COULD TAKE PRIDE IN HOLDING ITS OWN ECONOMICALLY IN A UNCLASSIFIED

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DIFFICULT YEAR OF DROUGHT AND RECESSION, HE SAID. HE NOTED PROBLEMS WHICH HAVE HELD BACK THE PACE OF RESETTLEMENT, BUT SAID EFFORTS ARE UNDERWAY TO DEAL WITH THEM. FINALLY, HE SKETCHED THE OUTLINES OF TOPICS WHICH WILL BE DISCUSSED AT THE ZANU (PF) CONGRESS IN AUGUST. END SUMMARY.

2. THE DISSIDENT SITUATION: THE OVERALL SITUATION IN MATABELELAND IS GROWING BETTER, NOT WORSE, DESPITE SOUTH AFRICAN BACKING FOR "SUPER ZAPU" DISSIDENTS, THE

REVIEW AUTHORITY: Charles Daris, Senior Reviewer

UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256740 Date: 09/24/2013 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2012-29009 Doc No. C05256740 Date: 09/24/2013

PM SAID. HE ACKNOWLEDGED THAT THERE ARE "A FEW TROUBLE SPOTS, IN AREAS CLOSE TO BOTSWANA WHERE DISSIDENTS ARE ABLE TO SNEAK IN TO COMMIT THEIR CRIMINAL ACTS AND SNEAK OUT AGAIN." HE ADDED THAT EFFORTS CONTINUE TO ACHIEVE UNDERSTANDING AND COOPERATION WITH THE GOB, BUT REPEATED EARLIER ALLEGATIONS THAT SOME OF THE ZAPU REFUGEES WHO HAD BEEN IN DUKWE HAD PROCEEDED TO SOUTH AFRICA FOR TRAINING AND RE-INFILTRATION. HE SAID THESE "SUPER ZAPU" DISSIDENTS WERE "UNDER INSTRUCTIONS TO KILL, MAIM, AND HARASS WHITE FARMERS, ZANU ADHERENTS, AND ALL THOSE PEOPLE OPPOSED TO THEM AND TO ZAPU." HE DREW A PARALLEL BETWEEN SOUTH AFRICAN SUPPORT FOR UNITA, RENAMO, AND THE BCP, AND THE PRESENT SUPPORT FOR SUPER ZAPU.

3. ZIMBABWE'S INTERNATIONAL POSTURE: MUGABE EMPHASIZED ZIMBABWE'S "SOVEREIGN RIGHT TO ADOPT OUR OWN FOREIGN POLICY," AND STRESSED THAT IT WAS ON THIS BASIS THAT THE GOZ HAD ACCEPTED AID FROM OTHER COUNTRIES. THE INTRICATE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ZIMBABWE AND DONORS HAD TO ENHANCE AND PROMOTE INDEPENDENCE. "WE WILL FIRMLY REFUSE TO MORTGAGE OUR PERSONALITY FOR ANY GRANTS OR FORM OF UNCLASSIFIED

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AID," HE ADDED.

4. THE ECONOMY: ZIMBABWE HAD HELD ITS OWN ECONOMICALLY, DESPITE THE INTERNAL DROUGHT AND THE WORLDWIDE RECESSION. IT WAS HOPED THE RECENT ANNOUNCEMENT OF PRODUCER PRICES WOULD LEAD TO INCREASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND HELP RESTORE DEPLETED FOOD RESERVES. MINING OUTPUT HAD INCREASED, BUT THERE WERE STILL RISING PRODUCTION COSTS AND EXPENSIVE BORROWING TO COPE WITH. MANUFACTURING GENERALLY FARED LESS WELL, AND THE MAIN CONSTRAINT IN THIS SECTOR WAS THE LACK OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE. THE PM HOPED THE RECENT REVOLVING CREDIT AND EXPORT PROMOTION SCHEME BY THE WORLD BANK WOULD ALLEVIATE SOME OF THIS PRESSURE, AND HE CALLED FOR GREATER RATIONALIZATION OF THE USE OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE TO PROTECT PRIORITY AREAS.

5. RESETTLEMENT: SO FAR THE GOZ HAS RESETTLED 40,000 FAMILIES, MUGABE SAID, OUT OF THE GOAL OF 162,000 WHICH IT HAD SET FOR ITSELF BY 1985. HE ATTRIBUTED THIS DELAY TO THE NEED TO MATCH ZIMBABWEAN CASH INPUTS TO THOSE FROM THE UK, AND THE REQUIREMENT TO PROVIDE SCHOOLS, CLINICS, AND OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE. HE SAID THE GOZ FELT ITS FUNDS SHOULD BE USED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAND RATHER THAN ITS ACTUAL PURCHASE, AND NOTED THAT TALKS WERE UNDERWAY WITH

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HMG ON THIS ISSUE. EXPERIENCE HAD ALSO SHOWN THAT LARGE SCALE RESETTLEMENT MODELS WERE MORE EFFECTIVE, AND SO EMPHASIS WAS BEING PLACED ON THE CREATION OF FARMING COOPERATIVES.

6. THE ZANU CONGRESS: MUGABE SAID THE PARTY CONGRESS

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E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PGOV, PINS, ZI SUBJECT: MUGABE'S NEW YEAR'S MESSAGE: GENERALLY UPBEAT

WOULD ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING ISSUES:

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-- THE PARTY'S GENERAL POLICY AND IDEOLOGICAL DIRECTION;

-- THE NATIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC PLAN FOR THE PERIOD AFTER 1985, AND THIS PLAN'S SOCIALIST THRUST;

-- THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PARTY AND THE UNCLASSIFIED

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GOVERNMENT;

-- THE NEED FOR A UNICAMERAL LEGISTLATURE; AND

-- THE ROAD TO NATIONAL UNITY AND A ONE-PARTY STATE.

7. COMMENT: THERE WERE NO SURPRISES IN THE PM'S SPEECH, ALTHOUGH HE DID GO INTO MORE DETAIL THAN USUAL ON THE UK/GOZ DISCUSSIONS ABOUT THE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM. THIS WAS NECESSARY BECAUSE OF THE WIDESPREAD KNOWLEDGE THAT THIS PROGRAM HAS NOT COME NEAR MEETING ITS TARGETS, AND THE SENSITIVE POLITICAL NATURE OF THE ISSUE ITSELF. KEELEY

UNCLASSIFIED

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