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Diplomatic Dictionary
DIPLOMATIC DICTIONARY A | B | C | D | E | F | I | M | N | P | R | S | T | V A ACCESSION The procedure by which a nation becomes a party to an agreement already in force between other nations. ACCORDS International agreements originally thought to be for lesser subjects than those covered by treaties, but now really treaties by a different name. AMBASSADOR The chief of a diplomatic mission; the ranking official diplomatic representative of a country to the country to which s/he is appointed, and the personal representative of his/her own head of state to the head of state of the host country. Ambassador is capitalized when referring to a specific person (i.e., Ambassador Smith) AMERICAN PRESENCE POSTS (APP) A special purpose overseas post with limited staffing and responsibilities, established as a consulate under the Vienna Convention. APPs are located cities outside the capital that are important but do not host a U.S. consulate. Typically these posts do not have any consular services on site, so the APP’s activities are limited or narrowly focused on priorities such as public outreach, business facilitation, and issue advocacy. Examples of American Presence Posts include: Bordeaux, France; Winnipeg, Canada; Medan, Indonesia and Busan, Korea. ARMS CONTROL Arms Control refers to controlling the amount or nature of weapons-such as the number of nuclear weapons or the nature of their delivery vehicles -- a specific nation is allowed to have at a specific time. ATTACHÉ An official assigned to a diplomatic mission or embassy. Usually, this person has advanced expertise in a specific field, such as agriculture, commerce, or the military. -
The Diplomatic Courier Vol
Diplomatic Courier Vol. 1 | Issue 1 | July 17, 2016 The Diplomatic Courier Vol. 1 | issue 1 | July 17, 2016 [email protected] E D I T O R I A L We and Our World! e are the world! Michael Jackson and scores of oth- nately, however, what they do and what it means for the er international stars sang this sweet song by that state is not always sufficiently highlighted and thus not suf- Wname, which reminds us that we are all, countries ficiently known. and people big and small, part of a global village. With the help of the diplomatic community, The Diplomat- Diplomacy and protocol have their irreplaceable place in ic Courier Online will change that situation – and for the global, regional and national affairs of all states that make up better. our global village. The Diplomatic Corps in every sovereign This inaugural issue of The Diplomatic Courier covers the state plays a valuable function necessary for both the country most recent reports from embassies and issues of interest not represented and the host country. only to the diplomatic community, but also anyone interest- The diplomatic community also includes offices of regional ed in regional and international affairs. and international inter-governmental organizations, includ- We look forward to continued cooperation with the diplo- ing the United Nations and its related organizations, as well matic community to keep this publication going – and we as Latin American and Caribbean organizations. Unfortu- pledge to keep the Courier coming your way regularly. PM sends condolences to France after bloody Nice attack he Saint Lucia Prime Minister has sent the nations deep condolences to the Government and People of France Tfollowing the recent attack in Nice. -
August 2019 Diplomatic Courier
THE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, TRADE & COMMERCE Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Diplomatic Courier May to August, 2019 Issue 3/2019 Inside: SVG wins bid for UN Security Council Presidential Visits to SVG Winners of the 2019 MOFA Essay Writing Competition Trade Update And more... From the Desk of Foreign Minister Hon. Sir Louis Straker, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Trade & Commerce June 7, 2019 is a day that will stand out in the history of St. Vincent and the Grena- dines. Approximately a decade ago, this little nation set out on a quest to become a Non-Permanent Member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). Some say it couldn’t happen, but it did! The N.D.P. Opposition said it was “a fool er- rand”, but we were wiser than they. We started off by declaring our candidacy for the Security Council in 2010, challenging Colombia. The Columbian contingent The flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines was raised at a ceremony in front of the General Assembly pleaded with us to withdraw to avoid a building of the United Nations on 17 September 1980. At the opening meeting of the 35th session of the contest in the GRULAC group. We with- General Assembly, the country was admitted as the 154th Member of the Organization. drew our candidacy after negotiating for El Salvador came up against us, their support and that of GRULAC ten (10) -planned road map, the mission was prodded by its mentor, but we were agile years later - the only date available. accomplished. and carefully locked all the gates behind us so that they could gain no entrance. -
Draft Articles on the Status of the Diplomatic Courier and the Diplomatic Bag Not Accompanied by Diplomatic Courier and Draft Optional Protocols 1989
Draft Articles on the Status of the Diplomatic Courier and the Diplomatic Bag Not Accompanied by Diplomatic Courier and Draft Optional Protocols 1989 Text adopted by the International Law Commission at its forty-first session, in 1989, and submitted to the General Assembly as a part of the Commission’s report covering the work of that session (at para. 72). The report, which also contains commentaries on the draft articles and draft optional protocols thereto, appears in Yearbook of the International Law Commission, 1989, vol. II (Part Two). Copyright © United Nations 2005 Draft Articles on the Status of the Diplomatic Courier and the Diplomatic Bag Not Accompanied by Diplomatic Courier and Draft Optional Protocols (a) Draft Articles on the Status of the Diplomatic Courier and the Diplomatic Bag Not Accompanied by Diplomatic Courier PART I GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 Scope of the present articles The present articles apply to the diplomatic courier and the diplomatic bag employed for the official communications of a State with its missions, consular posts or delegations, wherever situated, and for the official communications of those missions, consular posts or delegations with the sending State or with each other. Article 2 Couriers and bags not within the scope of the present articles The fact that the present articles do not apply to couriers and bags employed for the official communications of special missions or international organizations shall not affect: (a) the legal status of such couriers and bags; (b) the application to such couriers and bags of any rules set forth in the present articles which would be applicable under international law independently of the present articles. -
1 the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project ARNOLD DENYS Interviewed by: Self Copyright 1998 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements A out the Author Note to the Reader Preface A Crisis in the Life of a Foreign Service Officer My Beginnings (S Citi)enship Return to Civilian Life Panama Assignment Crisis in Panama London Egypt Athens Mexico Canada ,ashington, DC Antwerp ,ashington to Tijuana Tijuana Tijuana to Retirement Conclusion DIARY Son of Flanders The Making of a Consul. Diary of an American Foreign Service Officer In Memory of Emiel Denys 01103411767 8odelieve Maria Denys 01101411117 AC9NO,LED8MENTS 1 I feel deep gratitude to my late parents for their encouragement to write this memoir. The late Mrs. 9atherine McCook 9nox, an art historian from ,ashington, DC, was in great part responsi le for my efforts in compiling letters and notes on the American Foreign Service. My thanks also go to Rhoda Riddell, Ph.D., a writer and teacher, who transcri ed and edited my handwritten account, which was taken from my diary. I also wish to thank Art Drexler, who completed the editing and prepared the book for printing. I wish also to thank the following persons, whom I have known in the long course of my foreign service career, and who have meant so much to me both personally and professionally, and deserve special acknowledgment. Consul 8eneral John D. Barfield Vice Consul 0Ret.7 Frank J. Barrett Miguel Angel 8arcia Charles Stuart 9ennedy, Director of the Association for Diplomatic Studies, who inspired me with his work on the Foreign Affairs Oral History Program. -
The Status of the Diplomatic Bag in International Relations
Fordham International Law Journal Volume 12, Issue 3 1988 Article 5 ”Opening” Pandora’s Box: The Status of the Diplomatic Bag in International Relations Christine M. Nelson∗ ∗ Copyright c 1988 by the authors. Fordham International Law Journal is produced by The Berke- ley Electronic Press (bepress). http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ilj ”Opening” Pandora’s Box: The Status of the Diplomatic Bag in International Relations Christine M. Nelson Abstract This Note argues that article 27 [of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations] provides for the absolute inviolability of the diplomatic bag. Part I discusses the history of the Vienna Con- vention and its provisions concerning the diplomatic bag. Part II sets forth instances of abuse of the diplomatic bag, proposed remedies, and the arguments in favor of such remedies. Part III sug- gests that the proper construction of article 27 of the Vienna Convention is that the diplomatic bag is absolutely inviolable and, thus, immune from nonintrusive examinations. This Note concludes that the status of the bag should be reconsidered in order to enable governments to curb its abuses. "OPENING" PANDORA'S BOX: THE STATUS OF THE DIPLOMATIC BAG IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS INTRODUCTION For centuries, governments and their envoys stationed abroad have used diplomatic bags.1 The diplomatic bag, which is usually a canvas sack, is intended for the confidential convey- ance of documents between a government and its missions abroad.2 Eventually, diplomats used the bag to convey articles as well as documents; thus, the bag became the smuggling dip- lomat's perfect means by which to transport contraband as val- uable as jewels and as lethal as machine guns across interna- tional borders.3 At first glance, subjecting the bag to metal de- tectors, electronic scanning, or canine sniffing without opening or detaining the bag 4 would appear to be a simple solution to the worldwide problem of abuses of the diplomatic bag. -
NSIAD-89-39 State Department: Problems in the Diplomatic Courier
United States General Accounting Office GAO Report to the Secretary of State February1989 ' STATE DEPARTMENT Problems in the Diplomatic Courier System GAO/NSIAD-89-39 t About Our New Cover... The new color of our report covers represents the latest step in GAO’S efforts to improve the presentation of our reports. United States General Accounting Office GAO Washington, D.C. 20548 National Security and International Affairs Division B-233559 February 6, 1989 The Honorable James A. Baker III The Secretary of State Dear Mr. Secretary: Our review of the State Department diplomatic courier pouch system indicated that improvements are needed to ensure timely and secure communication between federal agencies in the United States and U.S. diplomatic posts abroad. Diplomatic pouches used to carry material are inviolate-they cannot be opened or detained by a receiving country. About 15 percent of U.S. pouch material is classified and must always be accompanied by couriers. The focus of this report is the material to be accompanied by courier. Results in Brief We found the following specific problems: l Shipment of large, bulky items has strained the capability of the pouch system. Volume has more than doubled in the last 5 years. l Individual courier trip reports identified numerous problems that affected pouch delivery and security. These problems are related to shortcomings in security escort efforts, improper handling of classified materials, breakdowns in delivery trucks, and trucks without communi- cation capabilities. l Use of nonprofessional couriers is not limited to emergencies and iso- lated cases as required by State regulations. Because the use of nonpro- fessional couriers is not centrally controlled or monitored, State officials do not know how many nonprofessional couriers have been authorized at the over 250 diplomatic posts. -
Separatism and Regionalism in Modern Europe
Separatism and Regionalism in Modern Europe Separatism and Regionalism in Modern Europe Edited by Chris Kostov Logos Verlag Berlin λογος Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de . Book cover art: c Adobe Stock: Silvio c Copyright Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH 2020 All rights reserved. ISBN 978-3-8325-5192-6 The electronic version of this book is freely available under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence, thanks to the support of Schiller University, Madrid. Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH Georg-Knorr-Str. 4, Gebäude 10 D-12681 Berlin - Germany Tel.: +49 (0)30 / 42 85 10 90 Fax: +49 (0)30 / 42 85 10 92 https://www.logos-verlag.com Contents Editor's introduction7 Authors' Bios 11 1 The EU's MLG system as a catalyst for separatism: A case study on the Albanian and Hungarian minority groups 15 YILMAZ KAPLAN 2 A rolling stone gathers no moss: Evolution and current trends of Basque nationalism 39 ONINTZA ODRIOZOLA,IKER IRAOLA AND JULEN ZABALO 3 Separatism in Catalonia: Legal, political, and linguistic aspects 73 CHRIS KOSTOV,FERNANDO DE VICENTE DE LA CASA AND MARÍA DOLORES ROMERO LESMES 4 Faroese nationalism: To be and not to be a sovereign state, that is the question 105 HANS ANDRIAS SØLVARÁ 5 Divided Belgium: Flemish nationalism and the rise of pro-separatist politics 133 CATHERINE XHARDEZ 6 Nunatta Qitornai: A party analysis of the rhetoric and future of Greenlandic separatism 157 ELLEN A. -
Becoming a Foreign Service Officer
I am diplomacy. I am America. Becoming a Foreign Service Officer E PL M UR U I B U N S U I am diplomacy. I am America. Becoming a Foreign Service Specialist E PL M UR U I B U N S U TABLE OF CONTENTS Diplomacy at Work 3 Foreign Service Lifestyle Becoming a U.S. Diplomat Candidate Resources Eight Steps to Becoming a Foreign Service Officer (FSO) 5 1. Choose a Career Track The Five Career Tracks Consular Officers Economic Officers Management Officers Political Officers Public Diplomacy Officers 2. Register for the Foreign Service Officer Test (FSOT) Eligibility Requirements FSOT Registration Step-by-Step Instructions Important Registration Information Registrants With Disabilities Application Requirements for Any Type of Disability Additional Documentation Requirements for Diagnosis of Cognitive (Learning) Disability 3. Take the Foreign Service Officer Test (FSOT) What To Expect on the FSOT Test Center Admission and Regulations Obtaining Your FSOT Results Frequently Asked Questions 4. Submit Personal Narratives for the QEP Review 5. Take the Foreign Service Oral Assessment 6. Clearances: Medical and Security 7. Suitability Review Panel 8. The Register Additional Consideration Factors 25 Other Important Information 26 Entry-Level Salary Range Training Tenuring and Commissioning Data Collection of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) 26 Sample FSOT Questions 27 Diplomacy@Work The U.S. Department of State promotes peace, prosperity and stability in areas of vital interest to America. Working with allies and partners around the world, American diplomats tackle global issues ranging from climate change to trafficking in persons. The Department is a key player in supporting democratic development. -
ABC of Diplomacy (Out of Print, Available in PDF Format)
ABC of Diplomacy ABC of Diplomacy Contents Introduction 3 Glossary 6 Publisher Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA) 3003 Bern www.eda.admin.ch Design Swiss Federal Chancellery / Peter Auchli Print Cavelti AG, Gossau Orders FDFA Information Tel. 03 3 3 53 E-mail: [email protected] Contact FDFA, Directorate of International Law Tel. 03 3 30 8 E-Mail: [email protected] This publication is also available in German, French and Italian. Bern, 008 ABC of Diplomacy Introduction Diplomacy is the means by which States throughout the world conduct their affairs in ways to ensure peaceful relations. The main task of indi- vidual diplomatic services is to safeguard the interests of their respec- tive countries abroad. This concerns as much the promotion of political, economic, cultural or scientific relations as it does international commit- ment to defend human rights or the peaceful settlement of disputes. Diplomacy takes place in both bilateral and multilateral contexts. Bilat- eral diplomacy is the term used for communication between two States, while multilateral diplomacy involves contacts between several States often within the institutionalised setting of an international organisation. Negotiation is the one of most important means of conducting diplo- macy, and in many cases results in the conclusion of treaties between States and the codification of international law. The aim of such interna- tional treaties is primarily to strike a balance between State interests. Diplomacy has existed since the time when States, empires or other centres of power dealt with each other on an official basis. Numer- ous diplomatic archives have been found in Egypt dating back to the 3th century BC. -
2 African Women in Diplomacy Selected Perspectives from Kenya, Rwanda, South Africa and Zimbabwe
SELECTED PERSPECTIVES FROM KENYA, RWANDA, SOUTH AFRICA AND ZIMBABWE 2 AFRICAN WOMEN IN DIPLOMACY SELECTED PERSPECTIVES FROM KENYA, RWANDA, SOUTH AFRICA AND ZIMBABWE Table of Contents 5 6 7 8 FOREWORD ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ABBREVIATIONS PREFACE 9 15 15 20 CHAPTER 1: CHAPTER 2: 2.1 2.2 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL REVIEW AFRICAN REVIEW METHODOLOGY WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND POLITICS 23 29 30 32 2.3 CHAPTER 3: 3.1 3.2 GLOBAL WOMEN IN WOMAN IN WOMEN IN INTERVENTIONS AND DIPLOMACY AND THE DIPLOMACY: GLOBAL DIPLOMACY: OBSERVED PROGRESS DOUBLE BIND REVIEW AFRICA REVIEW IN SOME AFRICAN DILEMMA COUNTRIES 33 39 50 55 3.3 CHAPTER 4: CHAPTER 5: CHAPTER 6: THE DOUBLE BIND WOMEN’S WOMEN’S WOMEN’S DILEMMA EMPOWERMENT IN EMPOWERMENT IN EMPOWERMENT IN KENYA RWANDA SOUTH AFRICA 63 72 77 81 CHAPTER 7: CHAPTER 8: BIBLIOGRAPHY ABOUT THE AUTHORS WOMEN’S CONCLUSION EMPOWERMENT IN ZIMBABWE AFRICAN WOMEN IN DIPLOMACY 3 SELECTED PERSPECTIVES FROM KENYA, RWANDA, SOUTH AFRICA AND ZIMBABWE List of Tables Table 2.1(a) World and regional averages of women in parliaments, 1995 and 2018 15 Table 2.1(b) Female heads of government or state as at January 2018 16 Table 2.1(c) Women leaders in the United Nations as at January 2019 19 Table 2.2(a) African women representation in parliaments as at November 2018 22 Table 2.2(b) Women in lower or single houses after parliamentary elections in 2017 23 Table 2.3 MDG 3 Progress in Kenya, Rwanda, Zimbabwe and South Africa 24 Table 3.1(a) List of female foreign ministers as at September 2018 31 Table 3.2(a) Percentage of women ambassadors/high -
Extracts from the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 196 1
APPENDIX I EXTRACTS FROM THE VIENNA CONVENTION ON DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS 196 1. I. ESTABLISHMENT AND CONDUCT OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS Article 2 - The establishment of diplomatic relations between States, and of permanent diplomatic missions, takes place by mutual consent. Article 4 - I. The sending State must make certain that the agrement of the receiving State has been given for the person it proposes to accredit as head of the mission to that State. 2. The receiving State is not obliged to give reasons to the sending State for a refusal of agrement. Article 5 - I. The sending State may, after it has given due notification to the receiving States concerned, accredit a head of mission or assign any member of the diplomatic staff, as the case may be, to more than one State, unless there is express objection by any of the receiving States. 2. If the sending State accredits a head of mission to one or more other States, it may establish a diplomatic mission headed by a charge d'affaires ad interim in each State where the head of mission has not his permanent seat. 3. A head of mission or any member of the diplomatic staff of the mission may act as representative of the sending State to any international organisation. Article 6 - Two or more States may accredit the same person as head of mission to another State, unless objection is offered by the receiving State. Article 7 - Subject to the provisions of Articles 5, 8, 9, and II, the sending State may freely appoint the members of the staff of the mission.