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Tajikistan: 15 Years of Partnership with the Asian Development Bank Development Effectiveness Brief

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Tajikistan: 15 Years of Partnership with the Asian Development Bank Development Effectiveness Brief Tajikistan 15 Years of Partnership with the Asian Development Bank Development Effectiveness Brief © 2013 Asian Development Bank All rights reserved. Published in 2013. Printed in the Philippines. Publication Stock No. ARM136085-3 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. Note: In this publication, “$” refers to US dollars. 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444 Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org For orders, please contact: Public Information Center Fax +63 2 636 2584 [email protected] Printed on recycled paper Contents Foreword .................................................................................ii Preface ..................................................................................iii Tajikistan and ADB: 15 Years Down the Road .................................................1 ADB’s Contribution to Development and Poverty Reduction ....................................5 Bridging Power Gaps at Home and Abroad ............................................5 Repairing Roads, Reconnecting the Region ............................................9 Creating an Environment in which the Private Sector Can Flourish......................14 Channeling the Waters: Restoring Irrigation and Managing Floods ......................15 Renovating Schools, Pulling Up Standards............................................19 Operational Effectiveness: Improving Efficiency and Performance ..............................21 The Success Rate of ADB’s Operations in Tajikistan ....................................21 Speeding Up Disbursement .........................................................22 Coordination and Partnerships .....................................................22 Future Challenges .................................................................23 Appendix: ADB Loans and Grants in Tajikistan, 1998–2013 ....................................24 Foreword On the occasion of the 15th anniver- joint efforts and skills are needed to sary of our partnership, on behalf of further improve the people’s welfare the Tajikistan government, I would like through energy independence, food to express our profound gratitude to security, transport connectivity, and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) private sector development. for its fruitful support of the social and The government values its partner- economic development of the country. ship with ADB, which is based on Our relationship with ADB began in trust and respect, and looks forward 1998, after a difficult period of transi- to strengthening its cooperation with tion. We thank ADB for its timely this important regional development assistance in transport, energy, agri- institution. culture, and the social sectors, which has helped reduce our people’s isolation and improve access to electricity, water supply, and social services. Today, with a total portfolio of over Matlubkhon Davlatov $1 billion, ADB is not only our larg- ADB Governor est but also one of our most consistent First Deputy Prime Minister multilateral development partners. Government of Tajikistan As we celebrate our achievements, however, we acknowledge that our best ii Development Effectiveness Brief—Tajikistan Preface The Asian Development Bank (ADB) less of the sector we operate in, results has been privileged to partner with on the ground depend critically on Tajikistan in its endeavor to reduce the skills to plan, design, and imple- poverty and achieve inclusive and sus- ment projects effectively and efficiently. tainable growth since 1998. A lot has Working together for the last 15 years, happened over the last 15 years in the we have made progress in enhancing world, but our partnership has become these capabilities. Today, Tajikistan’s stronger and more fruitful. portfolio is among our strongest. From the initial post-conflict and As we celebrate 15 years of our emergency assistance, we gradually partnership, ADB stands committed moved to a full-fledged development to supporting Tajikistan’s development partnership. Next year, through our agenda and looks forward to many joint efforts we will complete our more years of productive collaboration second country partnership strategy in for the benefit of the Tajik people. Tajikistan, which focuses on strength- ening energy supplies and transport links, and on developing a vibrant pri- vate sector to help the economy grow and diversify. Klaus Gerhaeusser As we can see from the numbers Director General and stories in this country brief, we Central and West Asia Department can be proud of the achievements. Asian Development Bank ADB commends the government for taking a strong lead and ownership in all ADB-supported projects. Regard- iii Tajikistan and ADB: 15 Years Down the Road A country of spectacular landscapes A calamitous civil war following crowned by some of the world’s independence, in 1991, damaged much highest mountain peaks, Tajikistan of the country’s infrastructure, and is defined by its rugged terrain. It is sent the economy into a steep decline. landlocked, with the Kyrgyz Republic Poverty became widespread. After hos- to the north, the People’s Republic of tilities ended in 1997, improved stabil- China (PRC) to the east, Afghanistan ity made recovery possible. Economic to the south, and Uzbekistan to the growth reached 7.5% in 2012, and the west and north; and it is crisscrossed national poverty rate dropped to 47% by glacier-fed rivers that supply hy- from 72.4% in 2003. droelectricity, but also present a high The Asian Development Bank (ADB) flood risk. welcomed Tajikistan as a member in Tajikistan is the second-smallest 1998 and opened a resident mission in Opposite: Central Asian country in terms of ter- the capital, Dushanbe, in 2003. During Tajikistan’s ritory, and also one of the poorest. Its 15 years of partnership with the country, mountainous 8 million inhabitants live in a patch- ADB has used its financial resources terrain and work of self-contained valleys that and technical expertise to help improve extreme climate make up less than 7% of the land area, the welfare of the Tajik people. The part- add to its the rest of the land taken up by rugged nership has promoted social develop- development mountains. ment, restored or built new infrastruc- challenges. Tajikistan in Numbers Population 8 million (2013) Gross national income per $870 (2011) capita (Atlas method) Annual population growth rate 2.2% (2010-2012) Year Tajikistan joined ADB 1998 Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 52 (2012) live births) ADB’s total approvals $1.082 billion (1998–30 September 2013) Rural population 73% (2012) to Tajikistan Literacy rate 99.7% (2010) ADB total grants $663 million Poverty rate (% of the 47% (2009) ADB total loans $373 million population living below the national poverty line) ADB total technical assistance $46 million ADB = Asian Development Bank. Source: Statistical Agency under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan; ADB estimates. Tajikistan and ADB: 15 Years Down the Road 1 ture, expanded agricultural production, The Changing Sector Distribution of ADB’s Commitments and encouraged regional cooperation to Tajikistan and trade within the framework of 500 Total the Central Asia Regional Economic 447 Cooperation (CAREC) Program. The 400 85 (19%) ongoing country assistance program evaluation, the first for the country, will 300 Total cover ADB’s engagement from 1998 to 240 (54%) 200 192 end–2013. 51 (26%) ADB’s early assistance concentrated 30 (16%) mount ($ million) 100 A on the immediate necessities of emer- 111 (58%) 122 (27%) 0 gency and post–civil-war reconstruc- 2005–2008 2009–2012 tion. As the country has progressed, ADB’s focus has evolved. Complement- ing national development strategies, Energy Transport Agriculture Public and water sector ADB’s country partnership strategy, resources management 2010–2014, focuses on energy and transport to ensure critical mass and ADB = Asian Development Bank impact. It also supports private sector Source:ADB estimates. Hundreds of kilometers of national, provincial, district and rural roads have been built or rehabilitated with ADB assistance. 2 Development Effectiveness Brief—Tajikistan development by facilitating reforms to help improve the business climate and increase the role of public–private part- nerships in infrastructure development and service delivery. Due to the high incidence of poverty, all of ADB’s support to Tajikistan has been through the concessional Asian Development Fund; and since 2008, as- sistance has been almost entirely in the form of grants. By the end of September 2013, ADB’s cumulative commitments to Tajikistan totaled $1.082 billion, including $373 million in 23 loans, $663 million in 26 grants, and $46 million in 74 technical assistance grant projects. Most of ADB’s portfolio comprised initiatives in trans- port (39%) and energy (28%), with an em- phasis on promoting regional connectiv- ity. The appendix lists approved loan- and grant-financed projects. More than 160,000 hectares of land have been improved through irrigation with ADB assistance. ADB Loans, Grants, and Technical Assistance Commitments in Tajikistan ($ million) Approvals 1998– All Sectors 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013* Total 232.3 41.2 35.8 40.0 97.8 62.2 62.3 122.8 167.3 106.8 115.3 ADF loans 210.9 33.4 29.5 27.0 71.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grants 2.9 5 2.3 8.5 22.8 61.3 61.6 122.0
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