DOCSLIB.ORG

Evidence of Pilgrimage Bequests in the Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Evidence of Pilgrimage Bequests in the Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474 View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Kenyon College: Digital Kenyon - Research, Scholarship, and Creative Exchange Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture Volume 3 Issue 3 66-82 2012 Personal Piety or Priestly Persuasion: Evidence of Pilgrimage Bequests in the Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474 Matthew Champion MJC Associates Follow this and additional works at: https://digital.kenyon.edu/perejournal Part of the Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Art and Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Champion, Matthew. "Personal Piety or Priestly Persuasion: Evidence of Pilgrimage Bequests in the Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474." Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture 3, 3 (2012): 66-82. https://digital.kenyon.edu/perejournal/vol3/iss3/3 This Feature Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Kenyon: Research, Scholarship, and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture by an authorized editor of Digital Kenyon: Research, Scholarship, and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Champion Personal Piety or Priestly Persuasion: Evidence of Pilgrimage Bequests in the Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474 By Matthew Champion, Heritage Consultant and Project Manager, MJC Associates Despite the complex contemporary arguments surrounding the legitimacy of pilgrimage as a concept, it is clear that during the later Middle Ages popular pilgrimage was an accepted and acceptable part of the lay religious experience. Whilst serving a number of personal functions, from the highly spiritual search for enlightenment to the provision of "holy day" entertainment, the physical and religious act of pilgrimage has become the subject of an entire discipline of study. Drawing upon multiple sources of evidence, which include everything from the architectural and archaeological to the purely literary, such studies have led to the recognition of pilgrimage as a fascinating insight into the spiritual and religious beliefs of the age.1 However, despite the diversity of the sources, and the quantity of material available, one area of pilgrimage studies remains largely in the shadows. The ultimate objects of medieval pilgrimage, the saints, shrines and buildings that housed them, have been studied in depth by numerous scholars.2 Likewise the account rolls and finances of individual shrines, ranging from the internationally famous sites such as Canterbury down to the localized and short-lived sites such as St Leonard's outside Norwich, have been examined and scrutinized in painstaking detail.3 The routes of pilgrimage have been mapped, the logistics studied and even their souvenirs have been analyzed to such a degree that, alongside observations on artistic and stylistic content, we can now be certain of the metal composition itself and, in some cases, its likely source.4 However, when we consider the number of individuals, particularly from the lower orders, who actually undertook a pilgrimage at some point in their lives, we find that we actually know remarkably little about them. Whilst we can with some confidence record that 40,000 pilgrims passed through the gates of Munich on a single day in 1392, or that 142,000 arrived at 1 J. Sumption, Pilgrimage: an image of medieval religion, London (1975), D. Webb, Pilgrimage in Medieval England, Hambledown and London (2000), R. Marks, Image and Devotion in Late Medieval England, Sutton (2004). 2 J. Crook, J., English Medieval Shrines, Boydell (2011). 3 D. Webb, Pilgrimage in Medieval England (2000); M. R. V Heale, “Veneration and renovation at a small Norfolk priory: St Leonard’s, Norwich in the later Middle Ages,” Historical Research vol. 76, no. 194 (November 2003), pp. 431-49. 4 B. Spencer, Pilgrim Souvenirs and Secular Badges: Medieval finds from excavated London, 2nd Edition, Boydell (2010), pp. 7-13. 66 Published by Digital Kenyon: Research, Scholarship, and Creative Exchange, 2012 Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture, Vol. 3, Iss. 3 [2012] Aachen on a single day in 1496, we know next to nothing about the pilgrims themselves.5 The beliefs, hopes and motivations that inspired a large percentage of the late medieval population to undertake a pilgrimage are almost as much of a mystery to modern scholars as the exact geography of the world was to the medieval pilgrims who traversed it. With regard to the individuals who undertook, or expressed the wish to undertake, a pilgrimage we have two key primary sources to draw upon. Putting aside analysis of the literary tradition, of which Chaucer's Canterbury Tales is by far the best-known work, and the guidebook-like "itineraries" to the major shrines, the individual pilgrim's voice is found in both the wills of those who left bequests for pilgrimages to be undertaken and in those collections of miracles, most usually compiled by clerics, to support claims to sainthood. This last source, of which a good number survive, would appear on the surface to be an extremely useful source for historians of pilgrimage and social history alike. Many of these accounts give details of the individuals involved, their place of origin, occupation and occasionally an indication of social status.6 However, although detailed analysis of these documents has been attempted, even down to a geographical analysis in some cases, the voice that is heard is not that of the pilgrims themselves, but that of the scribe who compiled the collection.7 Indeed, attempts by clerics such as William Fitz Stephen to transpose the testimony given by witnesses to miracles into the first person are so artificial in their construction as to widen rather than narrow the gulf of understanding.8 The wills of the late Middle Ages, of which a very large number survive in one form or another, have long been regarded as true reflections of lay piety and an important source in the study of medieval pilgrimage. These post-mortem pilgrimages specified in these documents largely take two forms. Most commonly they appear as bequests that a pilgrimage should be undertaken, often to a specific site for a specified sum, for the sake of the health of their everlasting soul. Alternatively they appear, though far more rarely, as a final bequest to fulfill a vow of pilgrimage that was made during the testator's life but, for various reasons, were not fulfilled prior to the making of the will.9 Although in both these cases the inclusion of a specific bequest regarding a post-mortem pilgrimage has been recognized as being both unusual and subject to external influence, these documents have remained one of the key forms of evidence regarding pilgrimage amongst the commonality. However, recent analysis of one corpus of surviving wills, those belonging to the Archdeaconry of Sudbury in the mid- fifteenth century, would suggest that these documents were far more open to external influence than previously thought.10 Indeed, the demonstrable level of external influence exhibited by these documents 5 B. Spencer, Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum, Medieval Catalogue, Pt.2: Pilgrim Souvenirs and Secular Badges, Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museums (1990), p.8. 6 Webb, Pilgrimage in Medieval England, pp.181-82. 7 H. Forrest, “The Miracle of Henry VI in Northamptonshire,” Northamptonshire Past and Present (1971/2), pp. 363-65. 8 J.C. Robertson (ed.), Materials for the History of Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, Rolls Series (1881). 9 Webb, Pilgrimage in Medieval England, p. 191. 10 The wills of the archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-74, have been published in two volumes by the Suffolk Records Society. P. Northeast (ed.), “Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-74: Wills from the register ‘Baldwyne,’” Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art & Architecture Vol. III/No. 3 67 https://digital.kenyon.edu/perejournal/vol3/iss3/3 Champion makes their value as a direct source of information concerning intended pilgrimage amongst the commonality highly questionable. The popularity of pilgrimage amongst all classes is well-attested during the late Middle Ages. The massive numbers of medieval pilgrims attending continental shrines such as Aachen and Munich, already mentioned. Although associated with particular festivals or offers of indulgence, which might make these figures atypical, popular shrines such as Wilsnack in northern Germany regularly received in excess of 100,000 pilgrims per annum which, for a town whose likely population was no more than 1000, was an impressive feat of logistics.11 Similar popularity is shown at the major English shrines in the 15th century. Although exact numbers of pilgrims visiting the major shrines of St Thomas at Canterbury and Our Lady of Walsingham in Norfolk are harder to establish, the revenues produced by these shrines, derived largely from pilgrims' offerings, suggest that they continued to attract very large numbers of pilgrims, right up until the dissolution. Indeed, by the very end of the 15th century the shrine at Walsingham, and the relatively new shrine of Henry VI at Windsor, were both generating an income over seven times that generated by the pilgrims to Canterbury.12 It was not just the major shrines that continued to derive large parts of their income from pilgrims' donations. The chapel of St Leonard at Norwich was a small priory that acted as a cell of Norwich cathedral priory and, for such a small institution, is exceedingly well- documented.13 Over 140 account rolls survive that record in the greatest detail its financial dealings for the two centuries prior to its dissolution in the 1530s. St Leonard's was situated only a short walk from the main priory, across the river Wensum on the edge of Thorpe Woods and outside the city itself. Although the site may well have acted as some form of retreat for the members of the mother house St Leonards was financially independent, albeit not exceedingly wealthy, for much of its existence.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Contents of Volume 14 Norwich Marriages 1813-37 (Are Distinguished by Letter Code, Given Below) Those from 1801-13 Have Also Been Transcribed and Have No Code
    Norfolk Family History Society Norfolk Marriages 1801-1837 The contents of Volume 14 Norwich Marriages 1813-37 (are distinguished by letter code, given below) those from 1801-13 have also been transcribed and have no code. ASt All Saints Hel St. Helen’s MyM St. Mary in the S&J St. Simon & St. And St. Andrew’s Jam St. James’ Marsh Jude Aug St. Augustine’s Jma St. John McC St. Michael Coslany Ste St. Stephen’s Ben St. Benedict’s Maddermarket McP St. Michael at Plea Swi St. Swithen’s JSe St. John Sepulchre McT St. Michael at Thorn Cle St. Clement’s Erh Earlham St. Mary’s Edm St. Edmund’s JTi St. John Timberhill Pau St. Paul’s Etn Eaton St. Andrew’s Eth St. Etheldreda’s Jul St. Julian’s PHu St. Peter Hungate GCo St. George Colegate Law St. Lawrence’s PMa St. Peter Mancroft Hei Heigham St. GTo St. George Mgt St. Margaret’s PpM St. Peter per Bartholomew Tombland MtO St. Martin at Oak Mountergate Lak Lakenham St. John Gil St. Giles’ MtP St. Martin at Palace PSo St. Peter Southgate the Baptist and All Grg St. Gregory’s MyC St. Mary Coslany Sav St. Saviour’s Saints The 25 Suffolk parishes Ashby Burgh Castle (Nfk 1974) Gisleham Kessingland Mutford Barnby Carlton Colville Gorleston (Nfk 1889) Kirkley Oulton Belton (Nfk 1974) Corton Gunton Knettishall Pakefield Blundeston Cove, North Herringfleet Lound Rushmere Bradwell (Nfk 1974) Fritton (Nfk 1974) Hopton (Nfk 1974) Lowestoft Somerleyton The Norfolk parishes 1 Acle 36 Barton Bendish St Andrew 71 Bodham 106 Burlingham St Edmond 141 Colney 2 Alburgh 37 Barton Bendish St Mary 72 Bodney 107 Burlingham
    [Show full text]
  • Parish Registers and Transcripts in the Norfolk Record Office
    Parish Registers and Transcripts in the Norfolk Record Office This list summarises the Norfolk Record Office’s (NRO’s) holdings of parish (Church of England) registers and of transcripts and other copies of them. Parish Registers The NRO holds registers of baptisms, marriages, burials and banns of marriage for most parishes in the Diocese of Norwich (including Suffolk parishes in and near Lowestoft in the deanery of Lothingland) and part of the Diocese of Ely in south-west Norfolk (parishes in the deanery of Fincham and Feltwell). Some Norfolk parish records remain in the churches, especially more recent registers, which may be still in use. In the extreme west of the county, records for parishes in the deanery of Wisbech Lynn Marshland are deposited in the Wisbech and Fenland Museum, whilst Welney parish records are at the Cambridgeshire Record Office. The covering dates of registers in the following list do not conceal any gaps of more than ten years; for the populous urban parishes (such as Great Yarmouth) smaller gaps are indicated. Whenever microfiche or microfilm copies are available they must be used in place of the original registers, some of which are unfit for production. A few parish registers have been digitally photographed and the images are available on computers in the NRO's searchroom. The digital images were produced as a result of partnership projects with other groups and organizations, so we are not able to supply copies of whole registers (either as hard copies or on CD or in any other digital format), although in most cases we have permission to provide printout copies of individual entries.
    [Show full text]
  • NORFOLK. FAR 701 Foulger George (Exors
    TRADES DIREC'rORY. J NORFOLK. FAR 701 Foulger George (exors. of), Beding- Gallant James, Moulton St. Michael, Gee Wm. Sunny side & Crow Green ham, Bungay Long Stratton R.S.O farm, Stratton St. Mary, Long Foulger Horace, Snetterton, Thetford Gallant John, Martham, Yarmouth Stra.tton R.S.O Fowell R. Itteringham,Aylsham R.S.O Gallant T. W. Rus.hall, Scole R.S.O Gent Thomas & John, Marsh! Terring­ Fowell William, Corpusty, Norwich Galley Willia.m, Bintry, Ea. Dereham ton St. Clement, Lynn Fo::r: Charles, Old Hall fann,Methwold, Gamble Henry, Rougbam, Swaffha• Gent George, Marsh, Terrington Si- Stoke Ferry S.O Gamble Hy. Wood Dalling, Norwiclt Clement, Lynn Fo::r: F . .Aslact<>n,Long Stratton R.S.O Gamble Henry Barton, Eau Brink hall, George He.rbert, Rockland All Saints, Fo::r: George, Roughwn, Norwich Wiggenhall St. Mary the Virgia, Attleborough Fox Henry, Brisley, East Dereham Lynn George J. Potter-Heigham, Yarmouth Fo::r: Jas. Great Ellingbam, Attleboro' Gamble Henry Rudd, The Lodge,Wig- Gibbons R. E. West Bradenham,Thtfrd Fox Jn. Swanton Morley, E. Dereham genhall St. Mary the Virgin, Lyna Gibbons John, Wortwell, Harleston Fo::r: Lee, Sidestrand, Oromer Gamble W. Terrington St. Joha, Gibbon& Samuel, Scottow, Norwich Fo::r: R. White ho. Clenchwarton,Lynn Wisbech Gibbons William, Scottow, Norwich Fox Robert, Roughton, Norwich Gamble William, Summer end, East Gibbons W. R. Trunch, N. Walsham Po::r: Samuel, Binham, Wighton R.S.O Walton, Lynn Gibbs & Son, Hickling, Norwich Fo::r: Thomas, Elsing, Ea11t Dereham Gamble Wm. North Runcton, Lyna Gibbs A. G. Guestwick, Ea. Deraham Po::r: W.
    [Show full text]
  • East Ruston, Norfolk, 1851
    EAST RUSTON, NORFOLK, 1851 Introduction East Ruston is a village in north-east Norfolk, situated between North Walsham and Stalham. This paper aims to create a portrait of East Ruston in 1851. In the mid-nineteenth century, most of the working population of East Ruston was engaged in agriculture. There were 2,494 acres of land, most of which was arable, but there was also pasture, showing that animals as well as crops were farmed. 1 In 1810, the East Ruston Inclosure Award 2 allotted about 300 acres of land to the Trustees of the Poor, and the poor were able to cut fuel and pasture their cattle on it. 3 In 1851 there were 183 heads of household 4 and 845 inhabitants. The most common occupation by far was agricultural labourer, followed by farmer. Some also worked on the water in such occupations as waterman, boatman and fisherman. In 1825-6 the North Walsham and Dilham Canal was constructed, linked to the River Ant, and a staithe was built at East Ruston, behind Chapel Road, which was used for landing coals etc. 5 There was also a corn mill – East Ruston postmill – which dated from at least the eighteenth century. In the early part of the nineteenth century, it was owned by Rudd Turner, who is best known for killing his wife and baby in 1831. 6 East Ruston towermill, which is depicted on the East Ruston village sign, was built in 1868. 7 Heads of Household The 1851 census shows that all but two of the 183 heads of household were born in Norfolk, 71 of them in East Ruston itself.
    [Show full text]
  • Norfolk Boreas Limited Document Reference: 5.1.12.3 Pursuant to APFP Regulation: 5(2)(Q)
    Norfolk Boreas Offshore Wind Farm Consultation Report Appendix 12.3 Scoping area and PCZ mailing area map Applicant: Norfolk Boreas Limited Document Reference: 5.1.12.3 Pursuant to APFP Regulation: 5(2)(q) Date: June 2019 Revision: Version 1 Author: Copper Consultancy Photo: Ormonde Offshore Wind Farm This page is intentionally blank. Norfolk Boreas Offshore Wind Farm Appendices 585000 590000 595000 600000 605000 610000 615000 620000 625000 630000 635000 640000 Thornage Mundesley Indicative Onshore Elements of Brinton Hunworth Thorpe Market theSouth Project Creake (incl. Landfall, CableHoughton Hanworth St Giles Gunthorpe Stody Relay Station Zones, and Project Plumstead Matlaske Thurgarton Trunch F Great Snoring 335000 East Barsham Briningham Edgefield Alby Hill Knapton 335000 Substation Zone) Thursford West Barsham Little Bacton Ramsgate Barningham Wickmere Primary Consultation Zone Briston Antingham Little Swanton Street Suffield Snoring Novers Swafield Historic Scoping SculthorpeArea Barney Calthorpe Parish Boundaries (OS, 2017) Kettlestone Fulmodeston Itteringham Saxthorpe North Walsham Dunton Tattersett Fakenham Corpusty Crostwight 330000 330000 Hindolveston Thurning Hempton Happisburgh Common Oulton Tatterford Little Stibbard Lessingham Ryburgh Wood Norton Honing East Toftrees Great Ryburgh Heydon Bengate Ruston Guestwick Wood Dalling Tuttington Colkirk Westwick Helhoughton Aylsham Ingham Guist Burgh Skeyton Worstead Stalham next Aylsham East Raynham Oxwick Foulsham Dilham Brampton Stalham Green 325000 325000 Marsham Low Street Hickling
    [Show full text]
  • Pilgrimage in Medieval East Anglia
    Pilgrimage in medieval East Anglia A regional survey of the shrines and pilgrimages of Norfolk and Suffolk Michael Schmoelz Student Number: 3999017 Word Count: 101157 (excluding appendices) Presented to the School of History of the University of East Anglia in partial fulfilment of the requirement for a degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2nd of June 2017 © This thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone wishing to consult it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation must include full attribution. 1 Contents List of Appendices 6 List of Figures 6 Abstract 11 Methodology 12 Introduction 13 Part One – Case Studies 1. Walsingham 18 1.1. Historiography 18 1.2. Origins: the case against 1061 20 1.3. The Wishing Wells 23 1.4. The rise in popularity, c. 1226-1539 29 1.5. Conclusions 36 2. Bromholm 38 2.1. The arrival of the rood relic: two narratives 39 2.2. Royal patronage 43 2.3. The cellarer’s account 44 2.4. The shrine in the later middle ages: scepticism and satire 48 2.5. Conclusions 52 3. Norwich Cathedral Priory 53 3.1. Herbert Losinga 53 3.2. ‘A poor ragged little lad’: St. William of Norwich 54 3.3. Blood and Bones: other relics at Norwich Cathedral 68 3.4. The sacrist’s rolls 72 3.5. Conclusions 81 2 4. Bury St. Edmunds 83 4.1. Beginnings: Eadmund Rex Anglorum 83 4.2.
    [Show full text]
  • The London Gazette, January 26, 1866. 483
    THE LONDON GAZETTE, JANUARY 26, 1866. 483 of No. 25, Coleman-street, London, is the Official Assignee, of No. 22, Basinghall-street, London, is the Official As- and Mr. A. J. Baylis, of No. 2, Church-court, Old Jewry, signee. London, is the Solicitor acting in the bankruptcy. George Webster, late of No. 10, King's-place, Commer- The Reverend John Bartholomew Vale, of Crostwight, cial-road, in the county of Middlesex, Coffee-house Keeper, near Smallburgh, in the county of Norfolk, Clerk in Holy having been adjudged bankrupt by a Registrar of Orders, having been adjudged bankrupt under a Petition for the Court of Bankruptcy, in London, attending at White- adjudication of Bankruptcy,filed in Her Majesty's Court of cross-street Prison, on the 17th day of January, 1866, Bankruptcy, in London, on the 24th day of January, 1866, and the adjudication being directed to be prosecuted at the is hereby required to surrender himself to William Hazlitt, Court of Bankruptcy, in London aforesaid, is hereby Esq., a Registrar of the said Court, at the first meeting required to surrender himself to James Rigg Brougham, of creditors to be held before the said Registrar, on the Esq., a Registrar of the said Court, at the first meeting of 6th day of February next, at two in the afternoon precisely, creditors to be held before the said Registrar, on the 16th at the said Court. Mr. George John Graham, of No. 25, day of February next, at twelve o'clock at noon precisely, Coleman-street, London, is the Official Assignee, and' Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Notice of Poll
    NOTICE OF POLL Norfolk Election of a County Councillor for North Walsham East Notice is hereby given that: 1. A poll for the election of a County Councillor for North Walsham East will be held on Thursday 24 October 2013, between the hours of 7:00 am and 10:00 pm. 2. The number of County Councillors to be elected is one. 3. The names, home addresses and descriptions of the Candidates remaining validly nominated for election and the names of all persons signing the Candidates nomination paper are as follows: Names of Signatories Name of Candidate Home Address Description (if any) Proposers(+), Seconders(++) & Assentors BURKE Thrums, The Hill, Labour Party Denise L Burke (+) Jeanne H Heal (++) Stephen Happisburgh, Candidate Eileen M. Whitworth Ellen M. Wetherall NR12 0PW Elizabeth I Cornwall Thomas Cornwall Annie E Parker Malcolm Parker Pauline J Rickard Karen Harmer COMBER Dell House, The Dell, UK Independence Robert Wynn (+) Gerard Twist (++) Lynette Elizabeth Bodham, Norfolk, Party Pamela E Morland Terence E Morland NR25 6NG Ronald A Robson Hetty M Robson George W Ballard Edward A Barber Dorothy S. Hughes Shirley Ballard JONES The Old Coach House, Independent David J Andrews (+) Sylvia J Andrews (++) Graham Antingham Hall, Anthony J Andrews David W Wayte Cromer Road, Wendy E Wayte Ann E Wade Antingham, NR28 0NJ James C Plummer Richard Haughton James Lee Christopher A Wade OAKES 21 Royston Green, Green Party Anne M Abbs (+) Alan S Crook (++) Paul Malcolm North Walsham, John Mayes Jane R Ransom NR28 9EG Joshua A Ransom Sheilah J Cooper
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence of Pilgrimage Bequests in the Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474
    Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture Volume 3 Issue 3 66-82 2012 Personal Piety or Priestly Persuasion: Evidence of Pilgrimage Bequests in the Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474 Matthew Champion MJC Associates Follow this and additional works at: https://digital.kenyon.edu/perejournal Part of the Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Art and Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Champion, Matthew. "Personal Piety or Priestly Persuasion: Evidence of Pilgrimage Bequests in the Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474." Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture 3, 3 (2012): 66-82. https://digital.kenyon.edu/perejournal/vol3/iss3/3 This Feature Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Art History at Digital Kenyon: Research, Scholarship, and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture by an authorized editor of Digital Kenyon: Research, Scholarship, and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Champion Personal Piety or Priestly Persuasion: Evidence of Pilgrimage Bequests in the Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474 By Matthew Champion, Heritage Consultant and Project Manager, MJC Associates Despite the complex contemporary arguments surrounding the legitimacy of pilgrimage as a concept, it is clear that during the later Middle Ages popular pilgrimage was an accepted and acceptable part of the lay religious experience. Whilst serving a number of personal functions, from the highly spiritual search for enlightenment to the provision of "holy day" entertainment, the physical and religious act of pilgrimage has become the subject of an entire discipline of study.
    [Show full text]
  • Prayer Diary St Benet's at Waxham and Tunstead
    Prayer Diary St Benet’s at Waxham and Tunstead Please pray this week for………. Deanery Digest – June, July, August 2020 1-7 The Waterside Group (Ludham, Potter Heigham, Hickling & Catfield) during the vacancy, How life has changed since our last Deanery Digest. June and esp. for the ministry team, churchwardens and pccs; for delivery drivers and all who work in retail. If you had told me 3 months ago that churches in our deanery would have been meeting to worship via 8 -14 The Smallburgh Benefice (Smallburgh, Crostwight, Honing & Dilham) - Simon & Betty; for YouTube and Zoom, I would have asked you what Zoom was, and would never have believed it! June our schools during this time; for those discerning vocation Two months in to lockdown, there is a little movement in terms of the restrictions, but I fear we are far 15-21 For North Walsham benefice as they prepare for Paul’s departure and vacancy (N from life as we knew it before. June Walsham, Edingthorpe, Worstead & Westwick) - for Paul, Valerie and Nigel; for North Walsham High school; for those in factory work; those who work for our local councils And for some, life will not return to its former ways - our thoughts and prayers are much with those who have lost loved ones. We pray too for those who are key workers, and especially those who work in our 22-28 Revd Tracy and Revd Andrew and all to be ordained as priests; those were due to get hospitals, health service and care homes. And for those whose mental health is suffering at this time, and June married this year in our deanery; for those who have lost their jobs and small businesses all who are anxious about the future.
    [Show full text]
  • The Church Bells of Norfolk
    The Church Bells of Norfolk BY John L’Estrange File 02 : Notes on bells and founders Pages 50 to 88 This document is provided for you by The Whiting Society of Ringers visit www.whitingsociety.org.uk for the full range of publications and articles about bells and change ringing Purchased from ebay store retromedia 50 NOTES ON BELLS AND BELL-FOUNDEKS. THE LONDON FOUNDEIES. Although for five hundred years or more, with scarcely any interruption, a bell-foundry existed in Norfolk, still very many bells are found in our churches which were cast elsewhere. It is now proposed to class under the names of the several foundries of London, Bury, &c., the bells which appear to have been cast at them. The London foundries naturally claim our notice first, although comparatively but few early bells can with certainty be attributed to them. The fifth bell at South Lopham has its legend 4* virginis <> EGREGiE o vocoR « CAMPANA o MARIE in fine large crowned capitals. (Xo. 3.) (Xo. 4.) — —— Purchased from ebay store retromedia THE LONDON FOUNDRIES. 51 The initial cross,^ No. 1 ; the crown, No. 2 ; and the stop, No. 4, dividing the words, are here engraved ; as is also a shield, No. 3, charged with a chevron between three ewers or lave pots, which is repeated four times on the haunch of the bell above the inscription, Deopham fifth bell and Surlingham third bell are respectively o o inscribed— 4* dvlsis sisto » melis ° campana vocor „ rafaelis, and *i» viRGiNis egregie, &c., in characters smaller than those of the bell last mentioned.
    [Show full text]
  • The Library of Sir Thomas Browne (1605-1682)
    The Library of Sir Thomas Browne (1605-1682) Lucy Gwynn Queen Mary University London November 2016 Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1 Statement of originality I, Lucy Elizabeth Gwynn, confirm that the research included within this thesis is my own work or that where it has been carried out in collaboration with, or supported by others, that this is duly acknowledged below and my contribution indicated. Previously published material is also acknowledged below. I attest that I have exercised reasonable care to ensure that the work is original, and does not to the best of my knowledge break any UK law, infringe any third party’s copyright or other Intellectual Property Right, or contain any confidential material. I accept that the College has the right to use plagiarism detection software to check the electronic version of the thesis. I confirm that this thesis has not been previously submitted for the award of a degree by this or any other university. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author. Signature: Lucy Gwynn Date: 31st October 2016 2 Abstract The survival of the 1711 sale catalogue of the library of Sir Thomas Browne and his heirs has given scholars of his work a privileged insight into his reading and book owning habits. Browne wrote on an encyclopaedic range of subjects and his prose bears the weight (implicit and explicit) of the many books and authors that contributed to his intellectual projects.
    [Show full text]