1 Phil Castora 1934—2009 an Autobiography
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37_599100 bindex.qxd 8/31/05 8:21 PM Page 353 Index basics of card games. See Ninety-Nine, 143–148 • A • also card games; cards Oh Hell!, 137–138 Accordion, 22–26 deck of cards, 10 Partnership Auction aces around, 205, 222 etiquette for playing, 17 Pinochle, 220–221 Alexander the Great (La playing a game, 14–17 Setback, 227–228 Belle Lucie), 31–35 preparing to play, 11–14 Spades, 163–169, 171 all pass (in President), 255 ranking card order, 11 big blind (in Poker), 285 allin (in Poker), 287 selecting a game, 17–19 Black Jack (Switch), American Contract Bridge Beggar My Neighbor (Beat 108–110 League (Web site), 185 Your Neighbor Out of Black Maria, 199 American Cribbage Con- Doors), 45–47 Black Peter card, 57 gress (Web site), 252 beggars (in President), 256 Blackjack Animals, 49–50 beginning to play. See basics aces and going high or announcement, 13 of card games low, 276–277 ante, 112, 285, 302 Benny (Best Bower), 154 betting in Casino auction (in Bridge), 13, 185 bets Blackjack, 271–272 Auction Pinochle anteing up (in Poker), 285 betting in Social bidding, 211–212, 213–214, bidding versus, 13 Blackjack, 265–266 218–219 calling (in Poker), 286 card values, 264 conceding your hand, 219 opening (in Poker), Casino Blackjack, 271–277 dealing, 212 294–296 croupiers, shoes, banks, discarding, 214–215 out of turn (in Poker), 288 pit bosses, 271 kitty, 212, 215–216 seeing (in Poker), 286 dealing in Casino Black- melds, 214–215 Bid Whist, 133–134 jack, 272–273 scoring, 216–218 bidding dealing in Social Black- strategies for play, betting versus, 13 jack, 263, 264–265 218–219 blind nil, 164, 167–168 doubling down, 275 Authors, 53–54 defined, 13 five or sixcard tricks, 269 dropping, 214 kibitzer, 271 listening to, 348 naturals, 267, 268 • B • for nil (zero), 164, origin of, 265 166–169, 171 paying players, 268 balanced hands (in COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL overbids, 214 selecting banker/ Spades), 166 safe, 214 dealer, 263 banker (in Blackjack), shooting the moon, Social Blackjack, 263–270 263–264, 266, 268, 271 196–197, 230, 234 splitting cards, 266, banking card games. -
Bidding in Spades Arxiv:1912.11323V2 [Cs.AI] 10 Feb 2020
Bidding in Spades Gal Cohensius1 and Reshef Meir2 and Nadav Oved3 and Roni Stern4 Abstract. We present a Spades bidding algorithm that is \friend" with a common signal convention or an unknown superior to recreational human players and to publicly avail- AI/human where no convention can be assumed; (2) Partly able bots. Like in Bridge, the game of Spades is composed observable state: agents observe their hand but do not know of two independent phases, bidding and playing. This paper how the remaining cards are distributed between the other focuses on the bidding algorithm, since this phase holds a pre- players. Each partly observable state at the start of a round 39! ∼ 16 cise challenge: based on the input, choose the bid that maxi- can be completed to a full state in 13!3 = 8:45 · 10 ways; mizes the agent's winning probability. Our Bidding-in-Spades and (3) Goal choosing, as different bids mean that the agent (BIS) algorithm heuristically determines the bidding strat- should pursue different goals during the round. egy by comparing the expected utility of each possible bid. A major challenge is how to estimate these expected utilities. Related work. We first mention two general game-playing To this end, we propose a set of domain-specific heuristics, algorithms: Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) evaluates and then correct them via machine learning using data from moves by simulating many random games and taking the aver- real-world players. The BIS algorithm we present can be at- age score [6]. Upper Confidence bounds applied to Trees (UCT) tached to any playing algorithm. -
The Penguin Book of Card Games
PENGUIN BOOKS The Penguin Book of Card Games A former language-teacher and technical journalist, David Parlett began freelancing in 1975 as a games inventor and author of books on games, a field in which he has built up an impressive international reputation. He is an accredited consultant on gaming terminology to the Oxford English Dictionary and regularly advises on the staging of card games in films and television productions. His many books include The Oxford History of Board Games, The Oxford History of Card Games, The Penguin Book of Word Games, The Penguin Book of Card Games and the The Penguin Book of Patience. His board game Hare and Tortoise has been in print since 1974, was the first ever winner of the prestigious German Game of the Year Award in 1979, and has recently appeared in a new edition. His website at http://www.davpar.com is a rich source of information about games and other interests. David Parlett is a native of south London, where he still resides with his wife Barbara. The Penguin Book of Card Games David Parlett PENGUIN BOOKS PENGUIN BOOKS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4P 2Y3 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Group (Australia) Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia -
Neubeginn Für Iraks Christen
14./15. April 2018 / Nr. 15 www.katholische-sonntagszeitung.de Einzelverkaufspreis 2,50 Euro, 6070 Die Heiligkeit wächst Das Volk honoriert den Der Boindlkramer durch kleine Gesten harten Kurs spricht Allgäuerisch Ob gottgeweiht oder verheiratet, Ar- Für die Mehrheit der Ungarn ist Dietmar Ledel – hier bei den Pro- beiter oder Verantwortungsträger: er der Grenz wächter Europas: Re- ben (Foto: Hölzle) – spielt in der Jeder ist zur Heiligkeit berufen und gierungschef Viktor Orbán (Foto: Waaler Version des Brandner kann sie in seinen eigenen Lebens- imago) hat die Parlamentswahlen Kaspers den Boindlkramer im umständen erlangen, schreibt Papst in Ungarn mit großem Abstand Ostallgäuer Dialekt. Premiere ist Franziskus (Foto: imago). Seite 7 gewonnen. Seite 29 am Samstag, 21. April. Seite 13 Vor allem … it Süßigkeiten für die Flücht- Liebe Leserin, Mlingskinder im Gepäck reiste der lieber Leser Neubeginn Weltkirche-Beauftragte der Deutschen er Tod ist tot, das Leben Bischofskonferenz, Erzbischof Ludwig Dlebt“, singen wir jetzt. Os- für Iraks Schick, in den Irak. Während der Beset- tern zieht kraftvoll auf die Sei- zung durch die Terrormiliz Islamischer te des Lebens. Eine „Woche für Staat waren die Christen vertrieben und das Leben“ bräuchte es da doch eigentlich nicht mehr: Weil Gott Christen ihre Kirchen zerstört worden. Nun keh- uns den unverwüstlichen Stand- ren sie zurück und beginnen mit dem ort im Leben eröff net hat, gibt es Wiederaufbau. Seite 4 für Christen doch nur ein „Le- ben für das Leben“. Freilich, das braucht Übung: Für das Leben – das ist mehr als Pro- test gegen Tödliches. Für das Le- ben – das will den wachen Blick für alle, deren Chancen begrenzt werden, oft sehr subtil. -
Bürgerbote Januar 2019
Bruckmühler Bürger Bote Unabhängig · überparteiliches Marktgemeindeblatt · Jahrgang 27 · Ausgabe Januar 2019 Ein gesegnetes neues Jahr! Foto: Beate Maurer ANGEBOTE DES MONATS: 100 % Naturlatexmatratze Benedorm Biobase Mehrzonenkern HG 2 und 3, Bezug Biobaumwolle mit Biobaumwolle versteppt, Gesamthöhe ca. 18 cm, Vorrat begrenzt Standardmaße 90/200, 100/200 statt 879,00 jetzt nur 569,00 100 % Naturlatexmatratze Benedorm Biosan Mehrzonenkern HG 2 und 3, Bezug Biobaumwolle mit Biobaumwolle versteppt, Gesamthöhe ca. 21 cm, Vorrat begrenzt Standardmaße 90/200, 100/200 statt 1189,00 jetzt nur 789,00 Hochwertige Kaltschaummatratze Delta plus, 7 Zonenkern RG 50 in Härte- grad 1, 2 und 3 erhältlich, Bezug Komfortjersey für Allergiker geeignet, Gesamthöhe ca. 21 cm Standardmaße 80/200, 90/200, 100/200 statt 729,00 jetzt nur 499,00 Kaltschaummatratze Luna 17, 7 Zonenkern RG 45 in Härtegrad 2 und 3 erhältlich, Bezug Standardjersey für Allergiker geeignet, Gesamthöhe ca. 17 cm Standardmaße 80/200, 90/200, 100/200 statt 379,00 jetzt nur 259,00 Hochwertiges Nackenstützkissen Benedorm Visko statt 129,00 jetzt nur 79,00 Wintereinziehdecke Belle 100 % reine arktische Landdaune, Größe 135/200 cm statt 299,00 jetzt nur 159,00 Winter Steppdecke Camelhair Duo 70 % Kamelhaarfl aum, 30 % Merino-Schurwolle, Größe 135/200 cm statt 329,00 jetzt nur 189,00 Weitere Angebote auf Anfrage! Innstr. 29 · 83022 Rosenheim · Tel.: 0 80 31 / 38 05 45 · Fax: 38 08 31 Januar 2019 Inhaltsverzeichnis ALLGEMEINE INFORMATIONEN »Oase Thalham«����������������������������������������������������������������������������� -
A Sampling of Card Games
A Sampling of Card Games Todd W. Neller Introduction • Classifications of Card Games • A small, diverse, simple sample of card games using the standard (“French”) 52-card deck: – Trick-Taking: Oh Hell! – Shedding: President – Collecting: Gin Rummy – Patience/Solitaire: Double Freecell Card Game Classifications • Classification of card games is difficult, but grouping by objective/mechanism clarifies similarities and differences. • Best references: – http://www.pagat.com/ by John McLeod (1800+ games) – “The Penguin Book of Card Games” by David Parlett (250+) Parlett’s Classification • Trick-Taking (or Trick-Avoiding) Games: – Plain-Trick Games: aim for maximum tricks or ≥/= bid tricks • E.g. Bridge, Whist, Solo Whist, Euchre, Hearts*, Piquet – Point-Trick Games: aim for maximum points from cards in won tricks • E.g. Pitch, Skat, Pinochle, Klabberjass, Tarot games *While hearts is more properly a point-trick game, many in its family have plain-trick scoring elements. Piquet is another fusion of scoring involving both tricks and cards. Parlett’s Classification (cont.) • Card-Taking Games – Catch-and-collect Games (e.g. GOPS), Fishing Games (e.g. Scopa) • Adding-Up Games (e.g. Cribbage) • Shedding Games – First-one-out wins (Stops (e.g. Newmarket), Eights (e.g. Crazy 8’s, Uno), Eleusis, Climbing (e.g. President), last-one-in loses (e.g. Durak) • Collecting Games – Forming sets (“melds”) for discarding/going out (e.g. Gin Rummy) or for scoring (e.g. Canasta) • Ordering Games, i.e. Competitive Patience/Solitaire – e.g. Racing Demon (a.k.a. Race/Double Canfield), Poker Squares • Vying Games – Claiming (implicitly via bets) that you have the best hand (e.g. -
An Efficient Optimal-Equilibrium Algorithm for Two-Player Game Trees
An Efficient Optimal-Equilibrium Algorithm for Two-player Game Trees Michael L. Littman Nishkam Ravi Arjun Talwar Martin Zinkevich Dept. of Computer Science Dept. of Computer Science Dept. of Mathematics Dept. of Computing Science Rutgers University Rutgers University Stanford University University of Alberta Piscataway, NJ 08854 Piscataway, NJ 08854 Stanford, CA 94309 Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2E8 Abstract {j|P (j)=i};PlayerT (i) selects from among the child nodes of i. When a leaf node i is reached, the play- Two-player complete-information game trees ers receive their payoffs in the form of a payoff vector are perhaps the simplest possible setting R(i). Specifically, Player x receives the xth component for studying general-sum games and the of the payoff vector R(i)x. computational problem of finding equilibria. In the small example in Figure 1, node numbers are These games admit a simple bottom-up al- written above the nodes and leaves are marked with gorithm for finding subgame perfect Nash rectangles. Non-leaf nodes contain the player number equilibria efficiently. However, such an al- for the player who controls that node and leaf nodes gorithm can fail to identify optimal equi- contain their payoff vectors. Here, play begins with a libria, such as those that maximize social decision by Player 2 at node 1. Player 2 can choose be- welfare. The reason is that, counterintu- tween the two children of the root, node 2 and node 3. itively, probabilistic action choices are some- If Player 2 selects node 2 as his action, Player 1 gets to times needed to achieve maximum payoffs. -
Bidding in Spades
24th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence - ECAI 2020 Santiago de Compostela, Spain Bidding in Spades Gal Cohensius1 and Reshef Meir2 and Nadav Oved3 and Roni Stern4 Abstract. We present a Spades bidding algorithm that is “friend” with a common signal convention or an unknown superior to recreational human players and to publicly avail- AI/human where no convention can be assumed; (2) Partly able bots. Like in Bridge, the game of Spades is composed observable state: agents observe their hand but do not know of two independent phases, bidding and playing. This paper how the remaining cards are distributed between the other focuses on the bidding algorithm, since this phase holds a pre- players. Each partly observable state at the start of a round 39! ∼ · 16 cise challenge: based on the input, choose the bid that maxi- can be completed to a full state in 13!3 = 8:45 10 ways; mizes the agent’s winning probability. Our Bidding-in-Spades and (3) Goal choosing, as different bids mean that the agent (BIS) algorithm heuristically determines the bidding strat- should pursue different goals during the round. egy by comparing the expected utility of each possible bid. A major challenge is how to estimate these expected utilities. Related work. We first mention two general game-playing To this end, we propose a set of domain-specific heuristics, algorithms: Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) evaluates and then correct them via machine learning using data from moves by simulating many random games and taking the aver- real-world players. The BIS algorithm we present can be at- age score [6]. -
20 Card Games
20 CARD GAMES LIST OF CONTENTS Whist/Bridge family English Short Whist Oh Hell Hearts Poker Rummy games Rummy Canasta Piquet Five-card family Ecarté Five Hundred Bézique Auction Pinochle Banking games Pontoon Patience games Beleaguered Castle Belle Lucie (Fan) Canfield (UK: Demon) Klondike (UK: Canfield) Miss Milligan Salic Law Spider Sultan ENGLISH SHORT WHIST 4 players 1 pack (52) CARDS Standard 52-card pack, ranking AKQJT98765432. DEAL Thirteen each, one at a time and face down. The last (52nd) card is turned face up to determine a trump suit before being taken up into dealer’s hand. OBJECT Players sitting opposite each other are partners. A rubber is won by the first side to win two games. A game is won by the first side to win 5 points, which may take one or several deals. The object of play is to win a majority of the 13 tricks, i.e., seven or more. A partnership scores 1 point for every trick it takes in excess of six (6 tricks constitute a book; those in excess are called odd tricks). Points are also scored for honours, these being the AKQ and J of trumps. A side scores 4 points for holding four honours or 2 for holding any three, but these are not credited until the hands have been played out, and must therefore be remembered. PLAY The player at dealer’s left leads to the first trick. Others in turn must follow suit if possible, otherwise may trump or renounce ad lib. The trick is won by the highest card of the suit led, or by the highest trump if any are played. -
The Blue Book the Blue Book
The Blue Book bybyby David Fulmer Copyright © 2016 846 Rosedale Avenue Atlanta, GA 30312 [email protected] The Blue Book The Characters "The Blue Book" can be staged using six or ten actors. For this staging of the play, we are presuming six: the First, the Second, the Third, and the Fourth Women, the Lady of the Evening, and the Rounder. Each of the women also assumes characters using the names of prostitutes listed in ab actual copy of The Blue Book . The FIRST WOMAN and the SECOND WOMAN are women of color. The FIRST WOMAN is between 18 and 24 and also plays the parts of VIOLA DAFFREY and JANE DUMAS. The SECOND WOMAN is between 30 and 45 and also plays the parts of HAZEL MOORE and BELLE BROOKS. The THIRD WOMAN is between and 28 and also plays the parts of CAMELIA BUTLER and SARAH STONE. The FOURTH WOMAN is between 35 and 45 and also plays the parts of UNICE FLOYD and RUBY CLARK. Both are white. The LADY OF THE EVENING (“The Lady”) may be of any color and is over 35. The ROUNDER may also be of any ethnicity and between 30 and 45. The Setting The setting is the back room of a saloon in Storyville, New Orleans, in the year 1913. The action takes place in the hour or so between darkness and dawn. The stage may be accommodating in the style of the day or minimalist spare, as long as there’s seating for the players, including several chairs and a sofa or divan – or their facsimiles. -
Oh Hell! a Gamesman Puzzle
Oh Hell! A Gamesman Puzzle Vaughan Clarkson 5th January 2018 Problem Oh Hell! is a popular card game in my family, maybe in yours too. It’s a trick-taking game with trumps and contracts, played using a standard 52- card deck. Any number can play. An interesting feature of Oh Hell! is that the number of cards dealt into each hand varies from one round to the next. This problem is about what happens in the first round of an Oh Hell! game. In the first round, each player is dealt just one card, face down. The dealer then turns face-up the next card in the deck. That card determines the trump suit. In a clockwise direction around the table, starting from the left of the dealer, each player states how many tricks he or she will contract to win. In the first round, this must be either zero or one. Once each player has made a bid, the player to the left of the dealer reveals his card, i.e., he leads. Again in a clockwise direction, each other player plays his card too. Being a single-trick round, players have no choice about which card to play. They must reveal the card they have been dealt. The highest card in the led suit wins the trick, unless a trump is played, in which case the highest trump wins. The highest ranking card in any suit is the ace, followed by the king, queen, etc. The scoring system is such that players are rewarded if they win exactly the number of tricks they contract to take and, conversely, they are penal- ised if they win either too few tricks or too many. -
Universitäts- Und Landesbibliothek Tirol
Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Tirol Innsbrucker Nachrichten. 1854-1945 1940 16.12.1940 £5 ReichSpseumg Mdlllöm adirldifcn Parteiamtliches Organ der H5Bflp. bau Tirol - Üorarlberg mit amtlichen Mitteilungen der staatlichen und der kommunalen Behörden - es Baues Ural -Vorarlberg — .. • m , ■ Fernruf : Nr. 750—753 Serie '~cCJJ- r ' Postsparkassenkonto : 52.677 ■ÄS » ? s,ngeklPreise verstehen sich mit der „91. Z.">. Am Platze in den Abholstellen monatl. JUL 2.50 {JUL 3.20). Mit Zustellung durch Trägerin monatl. JUL 2 .80 einschl. 30 Trägerlohn “,bS 17T’ Xl S2?eOT .- ^ lt Zustellung durch Post tBrieftr .) monatl. JUL 2.92 einschl. 42 Jfyf. Versandgeb {JUL 3.68 einschl 63 Versandgeb.) Italien monatl. Lire 15.— «Lire 20.—). Einzel¬ ne . Sonntags 20 Die Bezugsgebuhr ist am Monatsanfang zu entrichten. Abbestellungen für den kommenden Monat können nur schriftlich bis 25. des lauf. Monats an den Verlag erfolgen. Nummer 297 Montag , den 16. Dezember 1940 87. Jahrgang Das Volk dankt seinen Bauern wertvolle veute eines VeutflhenlorpeöosInnsbruck, 15. Dez. Wenn heute das deutsche Landvolk zusammengerufen wird, um aus dem Munde seines Reichs¬ bauernführers R. Walter D a r r e die Ausrichtung für die Western mit Munition und Lebensmitteln für England .. Printe" Flugzeugen, gesunken- Der Weiterführung seiner Arbeit entgegenzunehmen, dann weiß kanadische Munitionsminister und mehrere Kriegslieserungsagenten unter den Fahrgasten heute der letzte Bauer und der letzte Landarbeiter im ent¬ legensten Dorf, daß er nicht mit Sensationen zu rechnen hat. Berlin , 15. Dez. Mehrere Meldungen aus Rewyork be¬ kehr von seiner ersten Reise zwischen England und Amerika Sensationelle Maßnahmen und Umstellungen sind für die sagen übereinstimmend, daß der britische Dampfer „Western gesunken, angeblich durch Auslaufen auf eine Mine vor Arbeit auf dem Acker nicht tragbar .