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Ticino on the Move
Tales from Switzerland's Sunny South Ticino on theMuch has changed move since 1882, when the first railway tunnel was cut through the Gotthard and the Ceneri line began operating. Mendrisio’sTHE LIGHT Processions OF TRADITION are a moving experience. CrystalsTREASURE in the AMIDST Bedretto THE Valley. ROCKS ChestnutsA PRICKLY are AMBASSADOR a fruit for all seasons. EasyRide: Travel with ultimate freedom. Just check in and go. New on SBB Mobile. Further information at sbb.ch/en/easyride. EDITORIAL 3 A lakeside view: Angelo Trotta at the Monte Bar, overlooking Lugano. WHAT'S NEW Dear reader, A unifying path. Sopraceneri and So oceneri: The stories you will read as you look through this magazine are scented with the air of Ticino. we o en hear playful things They include portraits of men and women who have strong ties with the local area in the about this north-south di- truest sense: a collective and cultural asset to be safeguarded and protected. Ticino boasts vide. From this year, Ticino a local rural alpine tradition that is kept alive thanks to the hard work of numerous young will be unified by the Via del people. Today, our mountain pastures, dairies, wineries and chestnut woods have also been Ceneri themed path. restored to life thanks to tourism. 200 years old but The stories of Lara, Carlo and Doris give off a scent of local produce: of hay, fresh not feeling it. milk, cheese and roast chestnuts, one of the great symbols of Ticino. This odour was also Vincenzo Vela was born dear to the writer Plinio Martini, the author of Il fondo del sacco, who used these words to 200 years ago. -
More and Less Deserving Refugees: Shifting Priorities in Swiss Asylum Policy from the Interwar Era to the Hungarian Refugee Crisis of 1956
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2014 More and Less Deserving Refugees: Shifting Priorities in Swiss Asylum Policy from the Interwar Era to the Hungarian Refugee Crisis of 1956 Ludi, Regula DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022009414528261 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-105643 Journal Article Originally published at: Ludi, Regula (2014). More and Less Deserving Refugees: Shifting Priorities in Swiss Asylum Policy from the Interwar Era to the Hungarian Refugee Crisis of 1956. Journal of Contemporary History, 49(3):577- 598. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022009414528261 Article Journal of Contemporary History 2014, Vol. 49(3) 577–598 More and Less Deserving ! The Author(s) 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav Refugees: Shifting DOI: 10.1177/0022009414528261 Priorities in Swiss jch.sagepub.com Asylum Policy from the Interwar Era to the Hungarian Refugee Crisis of 1956 Regula Ludi Universita¨tZu¨rich, Switzerland Abstract In 1956, thousands of Hungarian refugees found a warm welcome in Switzerland. Swiss students took to the streets to demonstrate against Soviet repression of the Hungarian uprising. However, the upsurge of public sympathy for the refugees barely covered up recent controversy in Switzerland over asylum policy during the years of fascism and the Second World War. In 1954, only two years before the Hungarian refugee crisis, newly released German foreign policy documents had revealed Swiss involvement in the introduction of the ‘J’-stamp in 1938 to mark the passports of German (and formerly Austrian) Jews, making it easier for Swiss immigration officials to identify Jews as (undesirable) refugees. -
The Rarity of Realpolitik the Rarity of Brian Rathbun Realpolitik What Bismarck’S Rationality Reveals About International Politics
The Rarity of Realpolitik The Rarity of Brian Rathbun Realpolitik What Bismarck’s Rationality Reveals about International Politics Realpolitik, the pur- suit of vital state interests in a dangerous world that constrains state behavior, is at the heart of realist theory. All realists assume that states act in such a man- ner or, at the very least, are highly incentivized to do so by the structure of the international system, whether it be its anarchic character or the presence of other similarly self-interested states. Often overlooked, however, is that Real- politik has important psychological preconditions. Classical realists note that Realpolitik presupposes rational thinking, which, they argue, should not be taken for granted. Some leaders act more rationally than others because they think more rationally than others. Hans Morgenthau, perhaps the most fa- mous classical realist of all, goes as far as to suggest that rationality, and there- fore Realpolitik, is the exception rather than the rule.1 Realpolitik is rare, which is why classical realists devote as much attention to prescribing as they do to explaining foreign policy. Is Realpolitik actually rare empirically, and if so, what are the implications for scholars’ and practitioners’ understanding of foreign policy and the nature of international relations more generally? The necessity of a particular psy- chology for Realpolitik, one based on rational thinking, has never been ex- plicitly tested. Realists such as Morgenthau typically rely on sweeping and unveriªed assumptions, and the relative frequency of realist leaders is difªcult to establish empirically. In this article, I show that research in cognitive psychology provides a strong foundation for the classical realist claim that rationality is a demanding cogni- tive standard that few leaders meet. -
The Legal History of European Reparation Claims: 1946–1953
BUXBAUM 1.17.14 1/17/2014 2:42 PM From Paris To London: The Legal History of European Reparation Claims: 1946–1953 Richard M. Buxbaum* INTRODUCTION: THE EARLY HISTORY AND WHY IT MATTERS The umbrella concept of reparations, including its compensatory as well as restitutionary aspects, regretfully remains as salient today as it was in the twentieth century. A fresh look at its history in that century, and how that history shapes today’s discourses, is warranted. This study is warranted in particular because the major focus in recent decades has been on the claims of individual victims of various atrocities and injustices—generalized as the development of international human rights law by treaty, statute, and judicial decision. One consequence of this development is that the historical primacy of the state both as the agent for its subjects and as the principally if not solely responsible actor is ever more contested. How did this shift from state responsibility and state agency over the past half-century or more occur? Considering the apparent primacy of the state in this context as World War II came to an end, do the shortcomings of the inter-state processes of the early postwar period provide a partial explanation of these later * Jackson H. Ralston Professor of International Law (Emeritus), University of California, Berkeley, School of Law. My thanks to a number of research assistants, in particular Lisa Pfitzner, Sonya Hymer, Niilana Mutama, and Rachel Anderson; my thanks also to David Caron and the late Gerald Feldman for critical reading of the manuscript and good advice. -
The Peace Conference of Lausanne (1922-1923)
Bern 1923 - 2008 With the kind support of: Mrs Ionna Ertegiin Mrs Selma Goksel Tiirkiye I~ Bankasi Anadolu Ajans1 Thanks to: Onur Ozc;:eri (Research, text and layout) Agathon Aerni (research) Tuluy Tanc;: (editing) © Embassy of Turkey, Bern 85 years of representation of the Republic of Turkey in Switzerland (1923-2008) The Embassy of the Republic of Turkey, Bern ~u6tic offJ'urk,ey rrfie (Jlresufent It is no coincidence that the Republic of Turkey purchased its first Embassy premises abroad, in Switzerland's capital, Bern, to establish the seat of its diplomatic representation. The negotiation of a peace treaty and its successful outcome took the shape of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. The Treaty of Lausanne left an indelible mark in our memory. The aspiration of the Turkish nation to live as a free and independent people is thus anchored in Switzerland, a land that earned the reputation for fairness, equity and justice. The subsequent adoption in 1926 of a Civil Code based on the Swiss example, the Montreux Convention negotiated in 1936 in Switzerland giving full sovereignty on the Turkish Straits and other events have solidified this perception. I am therefore particularly pleased that the roots of the friendship bonds between Turkey and Switzerland and the main events associating Switzerland to Turkey have been compiled in a book. The book also illustrates the reciprocal attention and like minded approaches of both Turkey and Switzerland to further promote bilateral relations between two democracies and to facilitate the realization of aspirations of peace. I would like to express my thanks to the President of the Swiss Confederation, His Excellency Pascal Couchepin and to all who have contributed to the realization of this book. -
The Deutsche Bank and the Nazi Economic War Against the Jews: the Expropriation of Jewish-Owned Property Harold James Frontmatter More Information
Cambridge University Press 0521803292 - The Deutsche Bank and the Nazi Economic War Against the Jews: The Expropriation of Jewish-Owned Property Harold James Frontmatter More information The Deutsche Bank and the Nazi Economic War Against the Jews This book examines the role of the Deutsche Bank, Germany’s largest financial institution, in the expropriation of Jewish-owned enterprises during the Nazi dictatorship, both in the existing territories of Germany and in the area seized by the German army during World War II. The author uses new and previously unavailable materials, many from the bank’s own archives, to examine policies that led to the eventual genocide of European Jews. How far did the realization of the vicious and destruc- tive Nazi ideology depend on the acquiesence, the complicity, and the cupidity of existing economic institutions to individuals? In response to the traditional argument that business cooperation with the Nazi regime was motivated by profit, this book closely examines the behavior of the bank and its individuals to suggest other motivations. No comparable study exists of a single company’s involvement in the economic persecu- tion of the Jews in Nazi Germany. Harold James is Professor of History at Princeton University and the author of several books on German economy and society. His earlier work on the Deutsche Bank was awarded the Financial Times/Booz–Allen Book Award and the Hamilton Global Business Book of the Year Award in 1996. © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press -
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Inhaltsverzeichnis 7 Vorwort und Dank Hinweise zur Benützung des Lexikons 17 Der schweizerische Bundesrat auf dem langen Weg zur Konkordanzdemokratie Einführung von Urs Altermatt Porträts der Bundesrätinnen und Bundesräte 30 1848-1874 Jonas Furrer 31 - Ulrich Ochsenbein 38 - Henri Druey 44 - Josef Munzinger 51 - Stefano Franscini 57 - Friedrich Frey-Herose 63 - Wilhelm Matthias Näff 69 - Jakob Stämpfli 74 - Constant Fornerod 81 - Josef Martin Knüsel 88 - Giovanni Battista Pioda 93 - Jakob Dubs 99 - Carl Schenk 105 - Jean-Jacques Challet-Venel 112 - Emil Welti 118 - Victor Ruffy 125 - Paul Ceresoie 130 - Johann Jakob Scherer 136 - Eugene Borei 142 147 1875-1918 Joachim Heer 147 - Friedrich Anderwert 152 - Bernhard Hammer 157 - Numa Droz 163 - Simeon Bavier 169 - Wilhelm Friedrich Hertenstein 173 - Louis Ruchonnet 177 - Adolf Deucher 183 - Walter Hauser 189 - Emil Frey 193 - Josef Zemp 200 - Adrien Lachenal 206 - Eugene Ruffy 211 - Eduard Müller 216 - Ernst Brenner 222 - Robert Comtesse 227 - Marc Ruchet 233 - Ludwig Forrer 240 - Josef Anton Schobinger 246 - Arthur Hoffmann 250 - Giuseppe Motta 257 - Louis Perrier 264 - Camille Decoppet 269 - Edmund Schulthess 275 - Felix Calonder 282 - Gustave Ador 289 - Robert Haab 296 301 1919-1958 Karl Scheurer 301 - Ernest Chuard 306 - Jean-Marie Musy 312 - Heinrich Häberlin 319 - Marcel Pilet-Golaz 325 - Rudolf Minger 331 - Albert Meyer 338 - Johannes Baumann 344 - Philipp Etter 349 - Hermann Obrecht 356 - Ernst Wetter 361 - Enrico Celio 366 - Walther Stampfli 371 - Edmund von Steiger 377 - Karl Kobelt 383 - Ernst Nobs 389 - Max Petitpierre 393 - Rodolphe Rubattel 400 - Josef Escher 407 - Markus Feldmann 412 - Max Weber 417 - Hans Streuli 423 - Thomas Holenstein 429 - Paul Chaudet 434 - Giuseppe Lepori 440 - Friedrich T. -
Pilet-Golaz and the Making of Swiss Foreign Policy: Some Remarks
Pilet-Golaz and the making of Swiss foreign policy: some remarks Autor(en): Wylie, Neville Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Geschichte = Revue suisse d'histoire = Rivista storica svizzera Band (Jahr): 47 (1997) Heft 4: Die Schweiz und der Zweite Weltkrieg = La Suisse et la Seconde Guerre mondiale PDF erstellt am: 06.10.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-81206 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch Pilet-Golaz and the making of Swiss foreign policy: some remarks Neville Wylie Zusammenfassung Nach Bonjours Darstellung folgten mehrere Studien, welche auch die innenpolitische Dimension des Aussenministers, sein Umfeld und seine Art, sich in diesem zu bewegen, sichtbar machten. -
Bollettino Parrocchiale Della Collina D'oro
Settembre 2015 Bollettino parrocchiale 28 della Collina d’Oro St. Abbondio, Gentilino e Montagnola; S. Tommaso, Agra 1 www.stabbondio.ch Ss. MESSE FESTIVE Sabato e vigilia ore 17.30 chiesa S. Tommaso (Agra) Domenica e festa ore 8.00 / 10.00 chiesa St. Abbondio (Gentilino) Calendario settimanale ed eccezioni agli albi parrocchiali e sul sito internet CONFESSIONI ~ 30 min. prima di ogni S. Messa. Negli altri momenti accordandosi con il parroco. BATTESIMI Sabato o domenica nelle chiese parrocchiali. Annunciarsi alcune settimane prima. MATRIMONI Annunciarsi al parroco al più tardi 6 mesi prima MALATI E ANZIANI Per ricevere l’Unzione degli infermi, la Comunione, o una visita, annunciarsi (o segnalare) la prima volta al parroco. Parroco di St. Abbondio (Gentilino– Fondazione casa di vacanza Montagnola) e di S. Tommaso (Agra) «la Madonnina» (Altanca) don Matteo Pontinelli 6925 Gentilino [email protected] Tel. 091 994 84 75 Via St. Abbondio 75 – 6925 Gentilino www.lamadonnina.ch Tel. 091 994 61 19 [email protected] ccp 69-9848-2 Consiglio parrocchiale di St. Abbondio Comitato di redazione Casella postale 339 - 6925 Gentilino don Matteo Pontinelli www.stabbondio.ch Ugo Morselli ccp 69-9222-0 Sergio Pelli Consiglio parrocchiale di S. Tommaso 6927 Agra ccp 69-5941-4 Confraternita del SS. Rosario in St. Abbondio In copertina: 6926 Montagnola Chiesa di St. Abbondio ccp 65-212849-9 don Matteo Pontinelli Lettera del parroco In questi mesi abbiamo due grandi occasioni di riflessione su un tema fondamentale per la vita di tutti. La prima è l’Esposizione Universale / Expo Milano 2015 (1° maggio – 31 ottobre) dal titolo «Nutrire il pianeta. -
Max Huber and the Red Cross
The European Journal of International Law Vol. 18 no. 1 © EJIL 2007; all rights reserved .......................................................................................... Max Huber and the Red Cross Yves Sandoz * Abstract Max Huber’s exceptional academic, diplomatic and judicial career prepared him well for his role as president of the ICRC. Huber assumed the presidency in 1928, thereby taking on the heavy burden of piloting the institution during one of the worst periods of history, culminat- ing with the Second World War. In a time of great danger to the fundamental humanitarian values and the unity of the Red Cross, Max Huber played an outstanding role in better iden- tifying and defending the Red Cross principles, keeping the International Red Cross united and promoting humanitarian law. In spite of its important humanitarian activities, the ICRC was powerless to put a halt to the atrocities committed during the War and was subsequently criticized for having been too timid in denouncing them. This article traces Huber’s leader- ship of the ICRC and the important impact his ideas had on the direction of the organization. Max Huber will certainly remain as one of the greatest personalities in the entire history of the Red Cross. 1 Introduction If we were to judge by the number of years of his presidency, this article could easily have been entitled ‘ Max Huber as the Red Cross ’ , so close were the ties between the man and the institution for so many years. Huber had an intellect to be reckoned with; he not only produced a number of basic texts on international law but also numerous works on all aspects of the Red Cross, while serving at the same time as president of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) for many years, and hence playing a key role in the organization. -
Swiss Internment Camps During Wwi
DEFENSIVE HUMANIATARIANISM: SWISS INTERNMENT CAMPS DURING WWI by HOLDEN ZIMMERMAN Submitted to the Department of History of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for departmental honors Approved by: _________________________ Dr. Andrew Denning Thesis Adviser _________________________ Dr. Sheyda Jahanbani Committee Member _________________________ Dr. Marike Janzen Committee Member _________________________ Date Defended Abstract During World War I, the Swiss state interned nearly 30,000 foreign soldiers who had previously been held in POW camps in Germany, France, Britain, Belgium, Austria, and Russia. The internment camp system that Switzerland implemented arose from a Swiss diplomatic platform that this thesis describes as defensive humanitarianism. By offering good offices to the belligerent states of WWI, the Swiss state utilized humanitarian law both to secure Swiss neutrality and to alleviate, to a degree, the immense human suffering of the war. This thesis fills a gap in the historiographical literature as one of the few papers in English on the topic, as well as one of the only to holistically consider the internment camp system as a panacea for the crises that the Swiss state faced during WWI. By mixing domestic concerns with international diplomacy and humanitarianism, a domestic policy platform taken to the international diplomatic level succeeded in building enough trust between the signatory states to create an internment system that reconceptualized the treatment of foreign soldiers from the holding of prisoners to the healing of men. 1 Introduction On July 27, 1916, William McGilvray, a sergeant in the London Scottish Regiment, found himself riding in a passenger train travelling south through Germany, surveying the landscape of the Rhine River valley. -
Archiv Für Zeitgeschichte: Bestand Ruegger, Paul
ETH Zürich Archiv für Zeitgeschichte Bestand Hirschengraben 62 8092 Zürich +41 44 632 40 03 [email protected] Nachlässe und Einzelbestände / N-R / Ruegger, Paul Ruegger, Paul d246bba8-ba66-4475-8291-373218ec2086 Identifikation Bestandssignatur NL Paul Ruegger Kurztitel Ruegger, Paul AfZ Online Archives Ruegger, Paul Bestandsname Nachlass Dr. iur. Paul Ruegger (1897-1988) Entstehungszeit ca. 1834 - 1988 Umfang 13.60 Laufmeter Kontext Provenienz Ruegger, Paul Geschichte / Biografie Ruegger, Paul 14.8.1897-9.8.1988 Dr. iur., Diplomat, Präsident IKRK Geb. in Luzern; erste Schuljahre im damals österreich-ungarischen Slowenien, zusammen mit den Kindern des Fürsten von Windisch-Grätz, bei denen sein Vater, Dr. Julius Ruegger-Dresen, Hauslehrer war; Kantonsschule in Luzern, wo sein Vater Mathematiklehrer und Rektor war; 1914 Maturität; Studium der Rechte in Lausanne, München und Zürich; 1917 Dissertation bei Prof. Dr. Max Huber in Zürich über "Privatrechtliche Begriffe im Völkerrecht". 1918-1925 im Völkerbundsbüro des Eidgenössischen Politischen Departements (EPD) als Zweiter, zuletzt als Erster Legationssekretär; Zusammenarbeit mit Max Huber, der 1918 vom Bundesrat zum Sonderberater für internationale Fragen ernannt worden war, mit alt Bundesrat Felix Calonder, der die Völkerbundskommission für Oberschlesien präsidierte, und mit Bundesrat Giuseppe Motta. 1922-1924 Lehrauftrag für Völkerrecht an der Universität Genf. 1926-1928 Stellvertreter des Generalsekretärs Åke Hammarskjöld im Ständigen Internationalen Gerichtshof in Den Haag, den Max Huber seit 1926 präsidierte. 1929 Rückkehr ins EPD als Diplomat: Legationsrat in Rom; 1932 Heirat in erster Ehe mit der italienischen Adeligen Isabella Salazar (1898-1969). Nach Zwischenstationen in Bern und Paris Nov. 1935 schweizerischer Gesandter in Rom; mit dem Kriegseintritt Italiens im Juni 1940 zusätzlich Vertretung der Interessen von 20 kriegführenden Staaten; nach Differenzen mit Aussenminister Graf Ciano und Mussolini Erklärung zur "persona non grata"; März 1942 Ablösung als Gesandter in Rom.