Shelley's Relationship to Plato
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The Grave of John Keats Revisited
The Keats-Shelley Review ISSN: 0952-4142 (Print) 2042-1362 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/yksr20 The Grave of John Keats Revisited Nicholas Stanley-Price To cite this article: Nicholas Stanley-Price (2019) The Grave of John Keats Revisited, The Keats- Shelley Review, 33:2, 175-193, DOI: 10.1080/09524142.2019.1659018 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/09524142.2019.1659018 Published online: 18 Sep 2019. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=yksr20 THE KEATS-SHELLEY REVIEW 2019, VOL. 33, NO. 2, 175–193 https://doi.org/10.1080/09524142.2019.1659018 ARTICLE The Grave of John Keats Revisited Nicholas Stanley-Price Advisory Committee, Non-Catholic Cemetery for Foreigners, Rome ABSTRACT KEYWORDS Many visitors in the nineteenth century to the grave of John Keats in John Keats; Rome; Rome thought it ‘neglected’ or ‘solitary’ and ‘unshaded’.Today’scritics Protestant cemetery; poet’s often characterize the grave as ‘marginal’, both literally and metaphori- grave; Percy Bysshe Shelley; cally, while ignoring the city authorities’ proposal to demolish it in the Joseph Severn; Romantics 1880s. An analysis of the grave’s original setting and its subsequent renovations suggests instead that it enjoyed a privileged position. Historical descriptions, when considered together with visitors’ accounts – avaluablesourceifusedcritically– and little-known artists’ depictions of Keats’s grave prompt a re-assessment of ideas of its ‘marginality’ and ‘neglect’ in the nineteenth century. The grave lies quite alone, and is evidently much neglected. -
Shelley's“Adonais” As a Pastoral
| 1 , SHELLEY’S“ADONAIS” AS A PASTORAL ELEGY(1) Terufumi KIDO This paper aims chieny to discuss some salient featuresof “Adonais” by Percy Bysshe Shelley as an English pastoral elegy such as John Milton’s “Lycidas” and Matthew Arnold’s “Thyrsis.”lt is we11-known that the poem was written to mourn over the premature death of John Keats in Rome in February, 1821.For a full understanding and appreciation of “Adonais” it may be desirable to have some knowledge of Greek myth centering on the Adonis legend, the tradition of pastoral elegy, Shelley’s view of Keats and his works, and Shelley’s antipathy toward his contemporary reviewer of literary creation. Although “Shelley’s selection ofthe word ‘Adonais’ remains a matter of conjecture” l there is an interesting and persuasivereference to the title.“The change from Adonis to Adonais was an inspired piece of word-coining. The extra vowel creates a richer and more gracious flavour. The long-drawn final synables add an elegiac undertone, and ‘Adonis’seerns curt and flat after‘Adonais.’The ダ ダmetrical problems too are eased by the extra stress - Adonais instead of Adonls. ダ ・ 。2 ltis certain that; the title“Adonais” comes from the name of a beautiful youth,Adonis beloved by Aphrodite, the goddess of love ,beauty and fertility in Greek myth. The Adonis legend is known as follows: When Adonis was killed by a wild boar, the grief of the goddess moved Persephone, Queen of Hades, to allow him to spend six months of the year on earth and six in the underworld. -
Impermanence / Mutability: Reading Percy Bysshe
IMPERMANENCE / MUTABILITY: READING PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY’S POETRY THROUGH BUDDHA Leila Hajjari Persian Gulf University [email protected] Zahra Soltani Sarvestani Persian Gulf University [email protected] Received: 22 May 2020 Accepted: 1 February 2021 Abstract As an ongoing phenomenon, the impermanence of the world has been observed by many people, both in ancient and modern times, in the East and in the West. Two of these authors are Gautama Buddha (an ancient, eastern philosopher from the 6th-5th centuries B.C.) and Percy Bysshe Shelley (a modern Western poet: 1792-1822). The aim of this paper is to examine in the light of Buddhist philosophy what impermanence means or looks in a selection of Shelley’s poems, after considering that this philosophy was not alien to the Europeans of the 18th and 19th centuries. Buddhism, seeing impermanence (anicca) as the foundation of the world, both acquiesces to it and urges the individuals to sway with its ebb and flow. Shelley mainly falters in the incorporation of the phenomenon into his mindset and his poems. However, he often shows a casual acceptance of it; and even, in a few cases, he presents it with a positive assessment. Keywords: Buddhism, Shelley, impermanence, mutability, transience, anicca Littera Aperta 5 (2017): 19-37. ISSN: 2341-0663 20 Leila Hajjari – Zahra Soltani Sarvestani TRANSITORIEDAD / MUTABILIDAD: LECTURA DE LA POESÍA DE PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY A TRAVÉS DE BUDA Resumen La transitoriedad del mundo ha sido considerada un concepto relevante por muchos autores antiguos y modernos, tanto en el este como en el oeste. Dos de estos autores son Gautama Buda (ss. -
Select Letters of Percy Bysshe Shelley
ENGLISH CLÀSSICS The vignette, representing Shelleÿs house at Great Mar lou) before the late alterations, is /ro m a water- colour drawing by Dina Williams, daughter of Shelleÿs friend Edward Williams, given to the E ditor by / . Bertrand Payne, Esq., and probably made about 1840. SELECT LETTERS OF PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY EDITED WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY RICHARD GARNETT NEW YORK D.APPLETON AND COMPANY X, 3, AND 5 BOND STREET MDCCCLXXXIII INTRODUCTION T he publication of a book in the series of which this little volume forms part, implies a claim on its behalf to a perfe&ion of form, as well as an attradiveness of subjeâ:, entitling it to the rank of a recognised English classic. This pretensión can rarely be advanced in favour of familiar letters, written in haste for the information or entertain ment of private friends. Such letters are frequently among the most delightful of literary compositions, but the stamp of absolute literary perfe&ion is rarely impressed upon them. The exceptions to this rule, in English literature at least, occur principally in the epistolary litera ture of the eighteenth century. Pope and Gray, artificial in their poetry, were not less artificial in genius to Cowper and Gray ; but would their un- their correspondence ; but while in the former premeditated utterances, from a literary point of department of composition they strove to display view, compare with the artifice of their prede their art, in the latter their no less successful cessors? The answer is not doubtful. Byron, endeavour was to conceal it. Together with Scott, and Kcats are excellent letter-writers, but Cowper and Walpole, they achieved the feat of their letters are far from possessing the classical imparting a literary value to ordinary topics by impress which they communicated to their poetry. -
Systemic Thought and Subjectivity in Percy Bysshe Shelley's Poetry
Systemic Thought and Subjectivity in Percy Bysshe Shelley‟s Poetry Sabrina Palan Systemic Thought and Subjectivity in Percy Bysshe Shelley’s Poetry Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung eines akademischen Grades einer Magistra der Philosophie an der Karl- Franzens Universität Graz vorgelegt von Sabrina PALAN am Institut für Anglistik Begutachter: Ao.Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr.phil. Martin Löschnigg Graz, 2017 1 Systemic Thought and Subjectivity in Percy Bysshe Shelley‟s Poetry Sabrina Palan Eidesstattliche Erklärung Ich erkläre an Eides statt, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbstständig und ohne fremde Hilfe verfasst, andere als die angegebenen Quellen nicht benutzt und die den benutzen Quellen wörtlich oder inhaltlich entnommenen Stellen als solche kenntlich gemacht habe. Überdies erkläre ich, dass dieses Diplomarbeitsthema bisher weder im In- noch im Ausland in irgendeiner Form als Prüfungsarbeit vorgelegt wurde und dass die Diplomarbeit mit der vom Begutachter beurteilten Arbeit übereinstimmt. Sabrina Palan Graz, am 27.02.2017 2 Systemic Thought and Subjectivity in Percy Bysshe Shelley‟s Poetry Sabrina Palan Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 5 2. Romanticism – A Shift in Sensibilities .................................................................................. 8 2.1 Etymology of the Term “Romantic” ............................................................................. 9 2.2 A Portrait of a Cultural Period ..................................................................................... -
From Poet to Poet Or Shelley's Inconsistencies in Keats's Panegyric
From Poet to Poet or Shelley’s Inconsistencies in Keats’s Panegyric: Adonais as an Autobiographical Work of Art by Caroline Bertonèche (Paris 3) Adonais, in short, is such an elegy as poet might be expected to write upon poet. The author has had before him his recollections of Lycidas, of Moschus and Bion, and of the doctrines of Plato; and in the stanza of the most poetical of poets, Spenser, has brought his own genius, in all its ethereal beauty, to lead a pomp of Loves, Graces, and Intelligences, in honour of the departed. (Leigh Hunt, “Unsigned Review of Adonais”, The Examiner, 7 juillet 1822)1 I have engaged these last days in composing a poem on the death of John Keats, which will shortly be finished; and I anticipate the pleasure of reading it to you, as some of the very few persons who will be interested in it and understand it. It is a highly wrought piece of art, perhaps better in point of composition than anything I have written. (Lettre de Shelley à John et Maria Gisborne, 5 juin 1821, Complete Works, X 270) When Shelley said of Adonais, not long after its completion, that it was its most accomplished piece of art, “better in point of composition than anything [he] ha[d] written” while mentioning, in his Preface, the “feeble tribute of applause” (Shelley’s Poetry and Prose 392) it nonetheless represents, he does not to seem to want to hide his own sense of personal satisfaction, nor does he fail to confess certain obvious limitations in his work as a Romantic elegist. -
Shelley's Heart and Pepys's Lobsters
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. Chapter 1 Shelley’s Heart and Pepys’s Lobsters Biographies are full of verifiable facts, but they are also full of things that aren’t there: absences, gaps, missing evi- dence, knowledge or information that has been passed from person to person, losing credibility or shifting shape on the way. Biographies, like lives, are made up of con- tested objects—relics, testimonies, versions, correspon- dences, the unverifiable. What does biography do with the facts that can’t be fixed, the things that go missing, the body parts that have been turned into legends and myths? A few years ago, a popular biographer who had allowed doubts and gaps into the narrative of a historical subject was criticised for sounding dubious. “For ‘I think,’ read ‘I don’t know,’” said one of her critics crossly. But more recently, “biographical uncertainty” has become a re- spectable topic of discussion.1 Writers on this subject tend to quote Julian Barnes’s Flaubert’s Parrot: You can define a net in one of two ways, depending on your point of view. Normally, you would say that it is a meshed instrument designed to catch fish. But you could, with no great injury to logic, reverse the image and define a net as a jocular lexicographer once did: he called it a col- lection of holes tied together with string. For general queries, contact [email protected] © Copyright, Princeton University Press. -
Fashioning Frankenstein: a Fundamentalist Experiment in Edenic After-Tastes
Vassar College Digital Window @ Vassar Senior Capstone Projects 2019 Fashioning Frankenstein: a fundamentalist experiment in edenic after-tastes Haley Hill Vassar College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalwindow.vassar.edu/senior_capstone Recommended Citation Hill, Haley, "Fashioning Frankenstein: a fundamentalist experiment in edenic after-tastes" (2019). Senior Capstone Projects. 871. https://digitalwindow.vassar.edu/senior_capstone/871 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Window @ Vassar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of Digital Window @ Vassar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hill 1 Fashioning Frankenstein: A Fundamentalist Experiment in Edenic After-tastes Haley Hill Leslie Dunn Fall Semester 2018 Introduction Hill 2 In regards to Genesis, it can be said of Eve that: at the core of her story’s overarching narrative lies the creation of man. Made in the mold of a set of ideals, he works, in isolation, to make sense of his environment. Yet: drawn from the rib of his own desires, he, himself, inadvertently creates corruption within his world, damning himself to an irreversible reality of death, despair, and, ultimately, the triumphant damnation of decay from which alone his soul may finally split off from his rotten form. In regards to Mary Shelley’s most infamous novel, it can be said that: at the core of her story’s overarching chaos lies yet another creation of man. However, made in the -
Gender, Authorship and Male Domination: Mary Shelley's Limited
CHAPITRE DE LIVRE « Gender, Authorship and Male Domination: Mary Shelley’s Limited Freedom in ‘‘Frankenstein’’ and ‘‘The Last Man’’ » Michael E. Sinatra dans Mary Shelley's Fictions: From Frankenstein to Falkner, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2000, p. 95-108. Pour citer ce chapitre : SINATRA, Michael E., « Gender, Authorship and Male Domination: Mary Shelley’s Limited Freedom in ‘‘Frankenstein’’ and ‘‘The Last Man’’ », dans Michael E. Sinatra (dir.), Mary Shelley's Fictions: From Frankenstein to Falkner, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2000, p. 95-108. 94 Gender cal means of achievement ... Castruccio will unite in himself the lion and the fox'. 13. Anne Mellor in Ruoff, p. 284. 6 14. Shelley read the first in May and the second in June 1820. She also read Julie, 011 la Nouvelle Héloïse (1761) for the third time in February 1820, Gender, Authorship and Male having previously read it in 1815 and 1817. A long tradition of educated female poets, novelists, and dramatists of sensibility extending back to Domination: Mary Shelley's Charlotte Smith and Hannah Cowley in the 1780s also lies behind the figure of the rational, feeling female in Shelley, who read Smith in 1816 limited Freedom in Frankenstein and 1818 (MWS/ 1, pp. 318-20, Il, pp. 670, 676). 15. On the entrenchment of 'conservative nostalgia for a Burkean mode] of a and The Last Man naturally evolving organic society' in the 1820s, see Clemit, The Godwinian Novel, p. 177; and Elie Halévy, The Liberal Awakening, 1815-1830, trans. E. Michael Eberle-Sinatra 1. Watkin (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1961) pp. 128-32. -
Enthymema XXVII 2021 Victor Frankenstein's Evil Genius
Enthymema XXVII 2021 Victor Frankenstein’s Evil Genius: Plutarch, Brutus’s Vision, and the Absent Revolution Fabio Camilletti University of Warwick Abstract – This essay examines the influence of Plutarch’s Life of Brutus on Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, arguing that the relationship between Brutus and his «evil genius» provides Shelley with a model for characterizing the pair of Victor Franken- stein and his Creature. By considering the broader context of Plutarch’s reception from the sixteenth through the early nineteenth centuries, and particularly the con- struction of Brutus as a ghost-seer, a clinical obsessive, or a revolutionary icon, the essay examines the Brutus/Victor parallel as actual and/or symbolic parricides, shed- ding new light on Shelley’s failed representation of the French Revolution in her novel. Keywords – Plutarch; Mary Shelley; Frankenstein; Ghosts; French Revolution. Camilletti, Fabio. “Victor Frankenstein’s Evil Genius: Plutarch, Brutus’s Vision, and the Absent Revolution.” Enthymema, n. XXVII, 2021, pp. 18-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.13130/2037-2426/14492 https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/enthymema Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License ISSN 2037-2426 Victor Frankenstein’s Evil Genius: Plutarch, Brutus’s Vision, and the Absent Revolution Fabio Camilletti University of Warwick Les grands hommes de la Révolution furent les victimes de Plutarque. Jean Cocteau 1. Introduction Frankenstein-related criticism could not ignore the influence of Plutarch on Mary Shelley’s novel, if not for the fact that Parallel Lives is part of the Creature’s education, teaching him the deeds of ancient heroes and the greatness and misery of human nature.1 Still, when editing a most recent book on Frankenstein and Its Classics, Jesse Weiner, Benjamin Eldon Stevens, and Brett M. -
Prometheus Unbound and the Gothic Novel 15
From the Sublime to the Numinous A Study of Gothic Qualities in the Poetry and Drama of Shelley's Italian Period A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in English in the University of Canterbury by Robert Percival University of Canterbury 2000 Contents Page Acknowledgements Abstract Introduction 1 I. Prometheus Unbound and the Gothic Novel 15 II. Prometheus Unbound and the Classical Gothic 29 III. Prometheus Unbound- Heroes and Villains 50 IV. The Cenci - An Absence of the Numinous 64 V. Leonardo's Medusa and the Limits of the Sublime 78 VI. The West Wind-Poet as Prophet and Enchanter 90 VII. Adonais - Flight from the City of Death 101 VIII. Adonais - The Hunter Hunted 112 IX. The Triumph ofLife - The Living Dead and the Car of Life 130 X. The Triumph ofLife - Rousseau, the Shape, and the "shape all light" 146 Conclusion 159 Bibliography - (Primary and Secondary Sources) 164 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my wife, Hannah, for her limitless patience, and for her unfailing practical and moral support, without which this thesis would never have been completed; and my supervisor, Dr Gordon Spence, for his continuing encouragement, his unobtrusive guidance, and the generous spirit in which he always shared his time and erudition. Abstract In this thesis I consider six poems which Shelley wrote in Italy, between 1818 and his death in 1822: Prometheus Unbound, The Cenci, "On the Medusa of Leonardo da Vinci in the Florentine Gallery", "Ode to the West Wind", Adonais, and The Triumph ofLife. -
Cain in Early Nineteenth-Century Literature: Traditional Biblical Stories Revised to Encompass Contemporary Advances in Science Kara Davis Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2012 Cain in early nineteenth-century literature: Traditional biblical stories revised to encompass contemporary advances in science Kara Davis Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Davis, Kara, "Cain in early nineteenth-century literature: Traditional biblical stories revised to encompass contemporary advances in science" (2012). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 12308. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12308 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cain in early nineteenth-century literature: Traditional biblical stories revised to encompass contemporary advances in science by Kara Anne Davis A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Major: English (Literature) Program of Study Committee: Dometa Wiegand Brothers, Major Professor Linda Shenk KJ Gilchrist Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2012 Copyright © Kara Anne Davis, 2012. All rights reserved. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: “TO KNOW MORTAL NATURE’S NOTHINGNESS”: 11 REVISIONS OF IMMORTALITY IN BYRON’S CAIN CHAPTER 3: THE PHYSICALITY OF FAITH: 38 SENSING GOD IN NATURE IN “THE WANDERINGS OF CAIN” CHAPTER 4: “THIRD AMONG THE SONS OF LIGHT”: 62 THE INTERSECTION OF ASTRONOMICAL METAPHORS AND THE APOTHEOSIS OF JOHN KEATS IN SHELLEY’S ADONAIS CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 86 1 Introduction During the early nineteenth century, a number of authors sought to revise the traditional story of Cain, frequently using non-canonical sources to complete these revisions.