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The Mirid Subfamily Cylapinae (Heteroptera: Miridae), Or Fungal Inhabiting Plant Bugs in Japan

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The Mirid Subfamily Cylapinae (Heteroptera: Miridae), Or Fungal Inhabiting Plant Bugs in Japan TOMOHIDE YASUNAGA Hokkaido University of Education, Sapporo THE MIRID SUBFAMILY CYLAPINAE (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE), OR FUNGAL INHABITING PLANT BUGS IN JAPAN Yasunaga, T., 2000. The mirid subfamily Cylapinae (Heteroptera: Miridae), or fungal inhabit- ing plant bugs in Japan. – Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 143: 183-209, figs. 1-87. [ISSN 0040- 7496]. Published 1 December 2000. The plant bug subfamily Cylapinae of Japan is revised. This subfamily comprises species with a specialized biology, most of which are known to be associated with fungi. Sixteen species are recognized in six genera of three tribes. A new genus Yamatofulvius (type species Y. miyamotoi sp. n.) is proposed to accommodate three unique new species; its phylogeny is discussed. Eleven new species are described: Bothriomiris capillosus, Bothriomiris gotohi, Cylapomorpha michikoae, Fulvius niveonotatus, Peritropis hasegawai, Peritropis insularis, Peritropis iriomotensis, Peritropis takahashii, Yamatofulvius laevigatus, Yamatofulvius miyamotoi, Yamatofulvius sinuicornis. Ful- vius dimidiatus Poppius, F. tagalicus Poppius and Peritropis advena Kerzhner are reported from Japan for the first time. A key is provided to distinguish Japanese tribes, genera and species of the Cylapinae. The zoogeography of the Japanese Cylapinae is also discussed. Correspondence: Tomohide Yasunaga, Biological Laboratory, Hokkaido University of Educa- tion, Ainosato 5-3-1, Sapporo 002-8502, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] Key words. – Heteroptera; Miridae; Cylapinae; revision; new genus; new species; Japan. The Cylapinae form a unique plant bug subfamily F. tagalicus Poppius and Peritropis advena Kerzhner within the Miridae. The majority of the species in this are recorded from Japan for the first time. All species group are known to be associated with fungi. The are diagnosed, and the biology is briefly documented faunae of the subfamily have been poorly document- for most species. A key is provided to distinguish the ed, due to the specialized habit and habitat, and in Japanese tribes, genera and species. The zoogeogra- part to the remarkable speed and agility of both im- phy of the Japanese Cylapinae is discussed. mature and mature forms, which makes their capture The female genitalia of the Cylapinae had not been by hand challenging (Wheeler 1994). Only 14 species documented sufficiently in previous works, probably have been known to occur in the Palearctic Region due to the fragile, widely membranous and hardly vis- (Kerzhner & Josifov 1999), and the Japanese fauna ible structure. Therefore, in this paper, illustrations has been represented by Fulvius anthocoroides and descriptions of the female genitalia are provided (Reuter) and Punctifulvius kerzhneri Schmitz of the for eight species that were represented by sufficient tribe Fulviini (Carvalho 1956, Yasunaga et al. 1999). material for dissection. Continuing efforts by the author and colleagues to clarify the Japanese cylapine fauna have resulted in MATERIAL AND METHODS the recognition of 16 species in six genera. Of these, eleven species were found to be undescribed, and About 300 dried specimens of 28 species (includ- three other species were not previously recorded from ing exotic ones) were examined. Depositories of the Japan. In addition, three unique undescribed species material are abbreviated as follows: could not be accommodated by any known genus. BMNH Department of Entomology, the Natural This paper documents the Japanese cylapine fauna History Museum, London, UK comprehensively, with descriptions of eleven new ELKU Kyushu University Entomological Collec- species. A new genus related to Punctifulvius Schmitz, tion, Fukuoka, Japan Yamatofulvius, is diagnosed and described with a dis- HUES Hokkaido University of Education, Sapporo, cussion on its phylogeny. Fulvius dimidiatus Poppius, Japan 183 T E, 143, 2000 2 1 3 4 Figs. 1-4. Cylapomorpha michikoae. – 1, Female adult; 2, the same, frontal view; 3, male adult, left lateral view; 4, final instar nymph. NIAS National Institute of Agro-Environmental away, most photos of live material were taken from Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan specimens which had been weakly anaesthetized with NSMT Department of Zoology, National Science chloroform vapour, or which had been in the refriger- Museum, Tokyo, Japan ator for a while. Many photos were made and offered USNM United States National Museum of Natural by my colleagues M. Takai (figs. 1, 2, 18-20, 31-35, History, Washington, D. C. 55-56, 77) and Y. Nakatani (fig. 21). ZMAS Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of All measurements in the text are given in millime- Sciences, St. Petersburg tres. In the synonymic lists, only selected references ZMUF Zoological Museum, University of Helsinki, are cited; for detailed lists see the catalogues of Schuh Finland (1995) and Kerzhner & Josifov (1999). New distrib- utional records for known species are each indicated Nymphs of five species were also examined; they are by an asterisk (*) after the name of a region. preserved in 80% ethyl alcohol in small vials (HUES). Photographs presented in this paper were made with Terminology of the genitalia an Olympus OM-System (OM-4Ti 35mm camera The following abbreviations are used in figures of with T10 Ringflash, Auto Extension Tube, and either the genitalia for appropriate indication: AS, anterior Zuiko 50mm/f3.5 or 38mm/f2.8 Macro Lens). Be- sac; DLP, dorsal labiate plate; DS, dorsal sac; IRS, inter- cause cylapines are extremely agile and quickly sprint ramal sclerite; LA, lateral arm; MP, mesal sclerotized 184.
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