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Everything Counts! Everything Counts! Valuing environmental initiatives with a gender equity perspective in Latin America 1 Everything Counts! The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or IDRC Canada concerning that legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the elimination of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or IDRC Canada. The publication of this book was made possible through the financial support provided by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) to the project: “Asumiendo el reto de la equidad de género en la gestión ambiental en América Latina”. Pubished by: IUCN-ORMA, The World Conservation Union Regional Office for Mesoamerica, in collaboration with: Rights Reserve: © 2004 The World Conservation Union Reproduction of this text is permitted for non-commercial and educational purposes only. All rights are reserved. Reproduction for sale or any other commercial purposes is strictly prohibited, without written permission from the authors. Quotation: 333.721.4 I -92e IUCN. ORMA. Social Thematic Area Everything Counts! Valuing environmental initiatives with a gender equity perspective in Latin America / Comp. por IUCN-ORMA. Social Thematic Area; Edit. por Linda Berrón Sañudo; Tr. por Ana Baldioceda Castro. – San José, C.R.: World Conservation Union, IUCN, 2004. 203 p.; 28 cm. ISBN 9968-743- 87 - 9 Título en español: ¡Todo Cuenta! El valor de las iniciativas de conservación con enfoque de género en Latinoamérica 1.Medioambiente. 2. Recursos Naturales. 3. Conservación. 4.Conservación de la Naturaleza. 5. Biodiversidad. 6. Políticas de Género. 7. Equidad de Género. I. Berron Sañudo, Lina, ed. II. Baldioceda Castro, Ana, tr. III Título. Compilation by: the Social Thematic Area of IUCN-ORMA Editing: Linda Berrón Sañudo Translation: Ana Baldioceda Castro Graphic Design: Eric J. Hidalgo Valverde ABSOLUTO S. A. [email protected] Ilustrations: Barnard Arias Printed by: Master Litho S. A. Available at: Senior Gender Advisor P.O.Box 1161-2150 Moravia, Costa Rica Tel.: (506) 241-0101 Fax: (506) 240-9934 E-mail: [email protected] www.genderandenvironment.org 2 Index 7 Foreword Lorena Aguilar 9 Introduction Guiselle Rodríguez NORTH AMERICA Mexico 13 Sustainable Development Integral Project at the El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve Itzá Castañeda Camey and Guadalupe M. Flores Medrano 21 Human Development and Conservation of Biodiversity in the El Ocote Biosphere Reserve Rosa María Vidal Rodríguez 26 “Hurray for the Land” Cooperative Association Andrea García de la Rosa 31 From the Cornfield to the Ocean María Herrera 37 An Agricultural Experience with a Gender Equity Perspective in the Los Chenes Mayan Indigenous Population María Teresa Munguía Gil and Germán Méndez Cárdenas CENTRAL AMERICA 45 Shoal of Fish: Gender Equity Policies in the Environmental Sector of Central America Guiselle Rodríguez Costa Rica 52 Organic Cosmetics made from Medicinal Plants, Women’s Association of San Miguel de Guatuso Ariana Araujo and Pilar Corrales 56 Incorporation of the Gender Equity Approach into the Costa Rican Minister of Farming and Livestock Ana Felicia Torres El Salvador 61 San Juan del Gozo Project: Reforestation of Mangrove Swamps Concepción de María Carranza 3 Everything Counts! THE CARIBBEAN Cuba 69 Gender and Environment in Community Management: Comprehensive Management of Coastal Resources at Pinar del Río Greicy Rodríguez Crespo, Ania Bustio Ramos, Iluminada Milian and Miguel A. Gutiérrez Padrón 74 Gender Training for Management of Coastal Resources in the Community of Baracoa Beach Elena Díaz, Tania Caram, Sofía Porro and Beatriz Díaz 81 Linking Gender and Environment in the Agro-ecological Farming Eulogio Muñoz 86 Gender Mainstreaming into an Environmental Project at Nipe Bay Gustavo Arencibia Carballo, et.al. SOUTH AMERICA Brazil 95 Each Monkey in its Twig: Rural Settlements with a Participatory Integral Planning Eduardo Amaral Borges 102 Project of the Women’s Group from the Sustainable Settlement “Bandeirantes” Denyse Gomes 106 Women’s Vision of the Local Development of the Northeast of Pará Denyse Gomes Chile 111 Campaign for Seed Protection and Defense Kirai de León and Tatiana Rojas 117 Nuevo Despertar: Spicing up the World with Organic Herbs Kirai de León and Scarlet Matheu 122 Women Producers of the Rural Development Project Kirai de León Ecuador 128 Gender Perspective in the Conservation of the moorland in the Ecuadorian Sierra Grupo Randi Randi 4 137 Cap Straw Management and Trade in Two Towns of the Ecuatorian Coast Carolina Chiriboga María Argüello 143 Gender Relationships in the Production of Cat-tail and Mat Weaving at the Yahuarcocha Lagoon Alexandra Martínez 149 Communal Forest Development in the Andes of Ecuador Grupo Randi Randi DFC (Proyecto apoyo al Desarrollo Forestal Comunal) Peru 157 Cultural Diversity: Peasant Strategies for Nutritional Security and Production Marketing Ricardo Claverías, Eloisa Tréllez, Ofelia Enciso and Laura Ortiz 162 Carob Tree Project: Integrated Management of Dry Forests in the Northern Coast Wilson Antonio Coronel Guevara 167 Management of Secondary Forests in the Peruvian Amazon Elena Pizarro, Walter Nalvarte, Eloisa Tréllez, Ofelia Enciso and Laura Ortiz 172 Conservation of Biodiversity and Improvement of Nutritional Health in Vicús Luz María Gallo, Laura Ortiz, Ofelia Enciso and Eloisa Tréllez. 177 Local Capacity Building to Preserve the Biodiversity and Strengthen Food Security Eloisa Tréllez Solís Uruguay 184 Digging Furrows: Peasant Women Producing and Looking after the Environment Kirai de León and Sandra Quintans THE WORLD 193 How the UN Convention to Combat Desertification and Drought has Promoted the Role of Women in Decision-Making Processes Frederik Knabe and Lene Poulsen 5 Everything Counts! 6 Foreward DURING THE PAST DECADES, IUCN-The World Conservation Union has made great efforts to highlight that gender makes the difference in conservation and sustainable use initiatives. This new book, “Everything Counts!” is a representation of such efforts. For more than two years, through the contributions of valuable researchers from the entire Latin American region, and the financial support of the (IDRC) International Development Research Center, we put ourselves up to the task of investigating and collecting very diverse case studies. The starting point was the fact that it is first necessary to make visible the differentiated relationships that women and men establish with biodiversity resources. Despite the fact that over the past fifteen years considerable efforts have been made at national and international fora, very little progress has been made about understanding the fundamental role that women play in the use, management and conservation of biodiversity. It is essential to recognize that women and men have particular needs, interests and aspirations, including the fact that they make distinctly different contributions to the conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity. With this book, we also wish to point out, that making visible the role that women play in biodiversity conservation, sustainable use of resources and the survival of the human species, is only the beginning. These roles should be valued in their broadest scope. Only when the knowledge and contributions made by women are clearly acknowledged and valued, will it be possible to promote an effective participation of women in decision- making at the local and international levels. The meaningful participation of women in decision-making processes entails carrying out actions to overcome gender inequalities at all levels, including participation, information sharing and generation, education, empowerment, technology transfer, organization, financial assistance and training, among others. The exclusion of women as agents of development means ignoring half of the planet’s population, which-in turn-affects the efficiency and effectiveness of the actions promoted. 7 Everything Counts! Everything Counts! is a selection of 30 experiences from Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Peru, and two international experiences.1 It would not have been possible to undertake this task without the support provided by many people, including those who participated in each of the initiatives herein documented, those who systematized and allowed sharing of lessons learned, the focal points who supported the work carried out in the countries, and those who raised questions, were motivated and made valuable contributions to the lessons drawn. We are deeply grateful to Denise Garrafiel, Elías de Lima, Eduardo Amaral Borges, Denyse Gomes, Kirai de León, Elena Díaz, Susana Albán, Adriana Burbano, Aracelly Pazmiño, Cony Carranza, Margarita Velásquez, Ligia Méndez and Eloisa Trellez. This whole group took on the challenge of discussing and analyzing a proposal that, although it is becoming increasingly disseminated among colleagues around the world, it has not been studied in depth; namely, the real impact of equitable relationships in the evolution of our populations. We are also thankful to Rosa Cheng and Margarita Salas, from the Acceso Foundation, and Guiselle Rodríguez Villalobos, Jackie Siles and Paula Zúñiga, from the Social Area of IUCN, for their work and efforts regarding the regional facilitation of the project, as well as to Linda
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