Comic Book Heroes

Media Matters Answer Key

Unit 1: Comic Book Heroes

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: What are some interesting things to note about the original Captain America character? Captain America was first created in the 1940s during WWII. At that time, America had not yet joined the war, and the artist Jack Kirby created the character as a form of political protest. Kirby was disgusted by the actions of Nazi Germany and wanted to use this character as a symbol of rebuttal2 to those Americans who opposed America joining the war in Europe against Germany. Unsurprisingly, this initial Captain America is portrayed as very idealistic and patriotic: a righteous soldier. His uniform reflects this, being a bold and bright red, white and blue.

How has development of the MCU affected the Marvel Universe overall? One interesting side effect of the MCU is the influence it is having on the general storyline of the original Marvel Universe. The MCU now encompasses a wide range of multimedia including movies, associated TV series, books, and new comic titles. Some of the plot seen in the different media of the MCU ends up contradicting the events portrayed in the actual original comics. In some cases, because of the changes that were made in the MCU, the comic writers at Marvel had to retcon the story in the comics to match the changes. One case in point is the existence of Phil Coulson. He was an agent of SHIELD that first appeared in the movie Iron Man, and it was due to his death in the movie The Avengers that the team of Avengers pulled together as a team and eventually defeated Loki. However, the character of Phil Coulson never actually existed in the original Marvel Universe. Due to his popularity in the MCU, writers at Marvel have now written him into the Marvel Universe and changed the original storyline by doing so.

What is something fans of the MCU have done or created? On discussion boards like Reddit, comic forums, movie forums, and fan sites, fans are passionately discussing what they think should be considered officially part of the Marvel Universe or the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Fans have also created the Marvel Cinematic Universe Wiki—essentially, this is a fan-made encyclopedia of all the information that can be gleaned from the MCU. On the wiki, fans have painstakingly created a timeline based on MCU information and at present there are over 15,000 articles on the site discussing aspects of the MCU.

Sample Answers What are some interesting things to note about the original Captain America character? It was created by Jack Kirby during WWII. He made Captain America as a political protest. Kirby made Captain America idealistic and patriotic because he was angry about the people who opposed America fighting against Germany.

How has development of the MCU affected the Marvel Universe overall? The creation of the MCU has led to multimedia such as TV series, books, and new comic titles. These new multimedia sometimes contradict the original storylines, so Marvel has to retcon stories, like they did with Phil Coulson who is an agent of SHIELD.

What is something fans of the MCU have done or created?

Fans of the MCU have discussions on social media sites such as Reddit about aspects of the MCU. They dispute which parts of the MCU are officially part of the original Marvel Universe. Fans have created an MCU Wiki which shows the timeline of the MCU.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: I chose Deadpool. I have seen both the Deadpool movies, so I know this character well. B: OK, then I choose Iron Man. So, who do you think would win in a battle? A: Obviously Deadpool would win. He is strong and he can regenerate body parts, even if they are cut off. B: Well, he is stronger than some men. But he is not super strong. Iron Man is much stronger in his suit. Deadpool can’t hurt him. A: But I think that Deadpool has better fighting skills than Iron man. B: No, I disagree. Iron Man’s suit can shoot lasers and bullets at Deadpool. And Iron Man can fly in his suit. A: Hmm, I guess you are right. Iron Man can do a lot of things that Deadpool can’t do. B: And don’t forget that Iron Man is a genius. His intelligence would also help him beat Deadpool. A: OK. Iron Man wins.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers A superhero from movies that I know about is Wonder Woman. She was sculpted from clay by her mother, Queen Hippolyta, and was given a life and superhuman powers by the Greek gods. She undergoes a personal change when she must choose between love and keeping her super powers. Luckily, she does not lose them forever. Wonder Woman has appeared in the crossover movie Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. Fans think that Steve Trevor who died in the first movie will turn out to be still alive in the next movie.

Listening for the Gist A. Title: Rivals, Justice League Captain America vs. Batman: gadgets, intellect Thor vs. Wonder Woman: goddess, invincible, angry. Iron Man vs. Cyborg: robotic, sonic hand Hulk vs. Superman: endless, kryptonite, destroy Captain Marvel vs. Green Lantern: survive, energy, ring, create Namor the Submariner vs. Aquaman: mutant, control Spiderman vs. the Flash: evade, jokesters

Creative Conversations Sample Answers If I were a superhero, I would like to have the power to control the weather. I think that weather control could be used to save lives. My main goal would be to prevent loss of life through natural disasters. For example, if there were a wild fire, I would make it rain so the fire is put out. If there were heavy rain and a risk of floods, I would move the rain to an area where there is a drought. If the

2 ⓒ 2019 Seed Learning. All rights reserved. Media Matters Answer Key winds were too strong and there was a risk of buildings being destroyed, I would make the wind stop instantly. I think I could save many lives. I would wear a blue suit with a big green rain drop on the chest.

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. Storyline: The storyline is about superheroes living ordinary lives in which they no longer use their powers. But they are called on a secret mission to save the world, so they have to use their powers. Main characters: The Parr Family (Bob, Helen. Violet, Dash, and Jack-Jack), Syndrome What they do: They fight the Omidroid which Syndrome is trying to use for bad. They also have to fight Syndrome. Message: Never underestimate someone. Don’t be afraid to be yourself. Having a weakness doesn’t mean you’re weak. You can always count on family.

2. 1. The Parr Family live a normal life.__ 2. Bob enjoys the work and does more. But Bob sometimes does secret work. He gets his suit repaired and gets____ Bob gets a message asking him to stop suits for his whole family. Bob goes__ the Omnidroid. Bob tears his suit._____ to the Island of Nomnisan.______

3. Helen finds out what Bob is doing.____ 4. The Parrs escape in a rocket._____ She flies to Nomnisan to find him._____ They fight Syndrome with their friend Violet and Dash hide in her airplane.___ Frozone. Syndrome tries to kidnap Syndrome captures them all.______Jack-Jack who shows his own powers for the first time.______

Vocabulary A. 1. b 2. c 3. d 4. a 5. b

B. 1. b 2. d 3. a 4. c Images (L-R) 4, 1, 2, 3

C. 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. a

Unit 2: The Popularity of K-pop

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: How did Seo Taiji and H.O.T. lay the foundation for future K-pop artists to build on? The group Seo Taiji and Boys are considered the forerunners of modern K-pop. Seo Taiji, the front man of this group, was an innovator. He decided to incorporate a blend of American rap and hip-hop into the existing style of Korean pop music. This fusion proved popular and the group’s single “I Know” went on to top the charts for 17 weeks in 1992. Funnily enough, Seo Taiji and Boys performed this single on a talent show earlier in the year, and not only did the group not win the contest but the judges gave the song the lowest score of any on the show that night! This didn’t matter to the South Korean public, however, who were ready for a change in the music scene. H.O.T., the first Korean idol group, cemented this music style and added other features—such as having individual roles for each member—into the mix. Thus, K-pop as we know it was born.

What are examples of K-pop groups known for their use of hooks, dancing, and/or fashion? The hooks, the dancing, and the fashion: these are three of the elements that make K-pop so appealing. K-pop songs are well-known for having catchy hooks and, in fact, some songs have been so catchy that they have been banned from Korean schools! Apparently, students cannot fully concentrate on studying for their university entrance exams with the lyrics from these songs running through their heads. SHINee’s “Ring Ding Dong,” Wondergirls’ “Nobody” and Produce 101’s “Pick Me” are examples of songs too catchy for their own good. The choreography3 of K-pop groups also keeps the fans coming back. Famous for extreme synchronization and high energy, K-pop groups like SHINee, BTS, and EXO practice hours upon hours to give their difficult dance performances the level of polish needed. Korean fans compare this style of dance performance to a knife since the level of the precision required is so fine. Fans also go crazy for K-pop artist fashion and it’s no wonder. K-pop groups are very fashion forward. They create a fashion look together around a theme or a concept and give it great visual appeal. Blackpink, considered one of the most fashionable of the Korean girl groups, even have their own personal stylist to help them create their signature looks, which include designer labels like Alexander McQueen and Balenciaga.

How has social media played into spreading the popularity of K-pop? The now extraordinarily popular BTS is a perfect example of how valuable social media can be to K- pop artists. In 2018, their album Love Yourself: Tear was number 1 on the US Billboard top 200—an astonishing feat considering that much of the song is not even in English. BTS was also voted Top Social Artist of 2018 on Billboard by fans, beating out artists like Justin Bieber and Ariana Grande. This was all due to K-pop fandom and their tireless support on social media. Twitter and Tumblr, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram and many other sites have served as forums to spread the love of BTS and K-pop in general. These fans have worked together to bring K-pop to the forefront of the music world‘s attention.

Sample Answers How did Seo Taiji and H.O.T. lay the foundation for future K-pop artists to build on?

Seo Taiji was an innovator who incorporated a blend of American rap and hip-hop into the existing style of Korean pop music. H.O.T. were the first Korean idol group and they had individual band member roles.

What are examples of K-pop groups known for their use of hooks, dancing, and/or fashion? SHINee has songs with catchy hooks, BTS practices for many hours to produce amazing dance performances, and the girls of Blackpink are known for their fashion sense.

How has social media played into spreading the popularity of K-pop? K-pop fans use social media to promote the bands they love. They use Twitter, Tumblr, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram and many other sites to spread the love of BTS and K-pop in general. These fans have worked together to bring K-pop to the forefront of the music world‘s attention. They even used social media to help BTS become Top Social Artist of 2018 on Billboard.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: I chose Kyu Hyun. He has a very smooth voice. B: He’s good, but I chose Hyo Lyn. She is not only a good singer, but also a great dancer. A: I think Kyu Hyun has a better voice than Hyo Lyn. He can sing any style of music including pop, rock, blues and ballads. B: But to win a TV talent show you need more than good sing skills. A talent show also needs strong performing skills. I think Hyo Lyn is a better performer. A: I think you are thinking about her appearance more than her talent. B: No, that’s not true. She is an excellent dancer and it makes her more interesting than Kyu Hyun. A: Well, in this case I don’t think I can agree with you. B: OK. I respect your opinion. Let’s agree to disagree!

Respond in Writing Sample Answers Minho from SHINee is my favorite K-pop singer. I first saw him on TV dramas like “Hwarang,” “Somehow 18,” and “The Most Beautiful Goodbye.” I noticed him because he was handsome. I also saw a video when he met Melania Trump, the wife of the US president. Korean middle school students were screaming and waving at him. They ignored the president’s wife, so it was a memorable event. I sometimes buy songs by SHINee and listen to them on my phone.

Listening for the Gist A. The success of BTS in the US represents a win for global music. industry, eyes, ears, Pluto, relationship K-pop is the country’s top cultural export. week, South America, festival K-pop is not just superficial, “bubble gum” music. write, produce, mental

Creative Conversations Sample Answers I will have a mixed group with male and female singers. It will have six members: 3 male and 3 female. The leader of my group will be j-Hope. I chose him because he has written many songs and he has a fun personality. I will have Hyo Lyn as a rapper because she is good at that. My main vocalist will be Daesung because he has a strong and powerful voice. I will have two main dancers. They will be Lee Taemin and Lisa. I think they are both great dancers. The money-maker who can star in ads will be Ailee. There won’t be one special pretty or handsome member because they are all good-looking. I will call my group JHDLLA [judilla].

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. Xiyeon was a child actress and model. She was on a TV show called Produce 101. She trained for nine years to be a member of Pristin. She hosted Show! Music Core from April 2017 to January 2018. She has performed in the group Pristin. Pristin’s songs “Wee Woo” was popular in the US, but not as successful in Korea. She has type O blood.

2.Tweet: OMG! Xiyeon is at Starbucks in Myeong-dong! Gonna take a selfie! Watch this space.

3. [Will vary according to the song the student chooses.]

Vocabulary A 1. c 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. b

B 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. b Images (L-R) 4, 1, 2, 3

C 1. a 2. b 3. b 4. a

Unit 3: Let Video Games Begin!

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: How have attitudes toward video games changes since the first games appeared? Video games were first made in the 1950s. These were not games for entertainment though; Computer scientists at the time used them as part of their research. Video games as we know them– for entertainment–didn’t reach mainstream society until the 1970s and 1980s. People who played these games enjoyed them. The games were fun, challenging, and interactive. However, some considered video games to be potentially harmful. What if players became addicted to them or became violent in real life? At the very least, video games were thought a waste of time—just entertainment with no educational value whatsoever. Fast forward twenty-something years. By the mid-2000s, video games were firmly entrenched as a popular pastime. There were now a huge range of game genres to choose from, and people of all ages were playing games. The extremely negative views of video games had changed; studies showed for the most part that playing games did not cause harm.

What was unusual about Assassin’s Creed when it was launched by Ubisoft Montreal? But Ubisoft Montreal brought something new to action-adventure as well. Assassin’s Creed was an open-world game that had a leap of faith and parkour as a major part of the gameplay. There was almost nowhere that players couldn’t explore. Faced with a wall? No stopping necessary in this game—just run and climb up the wall and continue along your way. Not only that, this game was based on actual historic events and locations of the Third Crusade. Players could explore a detailed recreation of 12th century Jerusalem and even meet famous historic figures like Richard the Lionheart, all as part of gameplay. The stunning visuals of the game only added to the immersion of the game.

Why did professors contact Ubisoft about their games? It was this attention to detail that prompted many different professors to reach out to Ubisoft. They saw possibilities in Ubisoft’s elaborate recreations, and they asked the company for the inclusion of a dedicated mode to their games. These professors wanted to be able to use these games in their classrooms! For Assassin’s Creed Origins—the 10th game in the series—Ubisoft decided to incorporate exactly that with the new Discovery Tour mode. The story of Origins takes place in ancient Egypt, and for the making of this game, Ubisoft pulled out all the stops. They brought together a team of consulting historians and Egyptologists to work on the game with them, so that their visual recreation of ancient Egypt was as legitimate as it could be given the constraints of the game.

Sample Answers How have attitudes toward video games changes since the first games appeared? The games were made for research. Then, when they were first introduced as entertainment, people had negative feelings about video games. They thought they were harmful and a waste of time. They didn’t think they had any educational value. But by the mid 2000s, people understood that games generally don’t cause any harm.

What was unusual about Assassin’s Creed when it was launched by Ubisoft Montreal? It was an open-world game with physical activities such as parkour. It was actually based on historical events and had stunning visuals.

Why did professors contact Ubisoft about their games? Professors were impressed with Ubisoft’s attention to detail, so they wanted a dedicated mode that they could use in their classrooms. Players can see detailed recreations historical places and people like Richard the Lionheart.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: Among these games, I like Minecraft the best. B: Really? I prefer Tomb Raider. A: What do you like about Minecraft? B: I like that there is a lot of creative freedom. I don’t like games that decide everything for me. A: But don’t you think the scenery is boring? Tomb Raider has exciting visuals. It also has a very strong character, Lara Croft. B: Minecraft has many different characters and you can change their appearance. For me that is more fun. A: Tomb Raider also has problems to solve and traps to avoid. It is thrilling to fight enemies. B: The fighting feels too real in Tomb Raider. In Minecraft I don’t feel bad when I fight, but I do if I play Tomb Raider. A: That’s a good point. Minecraft is good for someone who doesn’t like realistic violence.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers An open-world game I know about is The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt. It is not a first-person shooter game. The game is set in a fantasy world called the Continent. The main character is the Witcher, Geralt of Rivia. In the storyline, Geralt goes to see the emperor. The emperor wants him to find Ciri, the last heir to an ancient elfish bloodline. Geralt has to travel a lot and defeat others to find her. Geralt is trained in combat, tracking, and magic. The objective of the game is to find Ciri.

Listening for the Gist A. Title: Discovery Tour Purpose - learn, Egypt - game maker, process Development - world, knowledge - archeology, ancient - scientists Benefits - students, world, exists - remember, feel

Creative Conversations Sample Answers My game is set on an island. It is very difficult to reach the island. There are underwater volcanoes all around the island. It is only possible to sail to the island if the volcanoes are not erupting. There are large dragons flying above the island that attack airplanes. It is only possible to fly to the island when the dragons are sleeping. My game worlds will be in 3D and it will have a realistic landscape. The scale will be very realistic, so you will feel like you are really on the island. There will be holographic buildings and real buildings. One challenge for players will be to enter the real buildings and not the holograms.

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. • Mario Kart - play alone or against other people • Characters - Mario, Luigi, Yoshi, Princess Peach, Waluigi, Bowser, and Donkey Kong • Personality - Mario, Luigi, Yoshi, and Princess Peach are good and honest. Waluigi, Bowser, and Donkey Kong are mean and try to cheat. • Objectives - win races • Suitable for – adults and children

2. A game that I really enjoy playing is Mario Kart. Players can compete against other players or play against the computer. The characters of the game are Mario, Luigi, Yoshi, Princess Peach, Waluigi, Bowser, and Donkey Kong. Mario, Luigi, Yoshi, and Princess Peach have nice personalities. They are good and honest. They don’t cheat and they try their best. Waluigi, Bowser, and Donkey Kong are mean and try to cheat. They run other drivers off the road and laugh when other drivers crash. The objectives are to win kart races. The game is suitable for everyone who likes to play video games.

3. Students will share what they wrote in #2 with other students.

Vocabulary A 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. c 5. b

B 1. c 2. d 3. b 4. a Images (L-R) 2, 1, 4, 3

C 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. a

Unit 4: The Return to the ’80s

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: What are some of the more obvious influences of the 80s in current entertainment? Some of the current references to ’80s culture are very overt. For example, the new series of Star Wars movies, the 2016 Ghostbusters movie, the Mamma Mia musical, Bohemian Rhapsody sung by Panic! At the Disco from the Suicide Squad soundtrack: these new creations are directly based on movies released in the 1980s or on songs by bands that enjoyed great success during that decade. There are also movies like Ready Player One, where the main plot revolves around characters obsessed with pop culture trivia mainly from the ’80s. It’s easy to recognize these throwbacks.

Why are pop culture creators in the their 40s and 50s drawn to the ’80s in their work? But what’s with this blast from the past? Why are the ’80s suddenly so popular again? And why is it reflected in almost every part of pop culture today? Of course, part of the reason is that many of the creators and producers behind pop culture today themselves grew up in the ’80s. Now in their 40s and 50s, these creators are at an age where they feel nostalgic for their childhood, and this comes out in the media they create. For instance, the author and screenwriter behind Ready Player One, Ernest Cline, was born in 1972 and thus grew up in the ’80s, and this is quite apparent in the references to ’80s culture in the book and film.

What parallels do some people see between the events of the ’80s and current events? Some see a parallel between the events affecting society that occurred in the ’80s and events occurring in the 2000s. The credit crisis and the loss of trust in big financial organizations that occurred in America in 2008 mirrors the severe recession and banking failures that occurred in the 1980s. The increased political tension felt in America relations with the Middle East and North Korea today is a mirror of the political tension of the Cold War and the fear of war felt in 1980s America.

Sample Answers What are some of the more obvious influences of the ’80s in current entertainment? Nowadays we can see Star Wars movies, which were also really popular in the ’80s. There are movies based on the musical Mamma Mia which feature songs that were popular in the ’80s, and movies like the Suicide Squad feature songs from the 80s on their soundtracks as well.

Why are pop culture creators in the their 40s and 50s drawn to the ’80s in their work? People in this age group grew up during the 80s so they feel nostalgic about this time. They have many childhood memories related to this period. For example, the writer Ernest Cline has personal memories from the ’80s and set his book Ready Player One in that period.

What parallels do some people see between the events of the ’80s and current events? People see parallels between the credit crisis of the 2000s and the recessions of the 1980s. The current political tensions around the Middle East and North Korea are similar to the fear of war people had during the Cold War.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: I think the answering machine is the most useful thing here. B: No way, the VCR is much more useful. A: But people still use answering machines and voice mail. My grandma has an answering machine on her phone. And I use voice mail on my cell phone sometimes. B: I never leave voice mail. In fact, I never even check my voice mail. A: So why do you think the VCR is more useful? B: Well, before that, you had to stay home to watch TV or you had to go the theater to see a movie. Can you image? The VCR gave us so much convenience. A: Yeah, but the answering machine also made life really convenient. You don’t have to stay at home by a phone to receive a call. The VCR is for entertainment, but the answering machine is something used for important communication. B: I guess that’s true. OK, you have a point. A: Thank you!

Respond in Writing Sample Answers A singer from the ’80s that I know about is Rick Astley. He sang pop songs. A famous song by Rick Astley is “Never Gonna Give You Up.” It is a very catchy love song. Rick Astley wore smart clothes like suits with big shoulder pads. I like this singer. He has a very deep, rich voice.

Listening for the Gist A. Title: Popular Culture Cable Television - wider - Teenagers, music videos - Kids’ Network Television - dramas - fashion - situation comedies - popular Movies - Ghostbusters Video Cassette Recorder - theater - business - record Hand-Held Camcorder - birthday Video Games - homes - game franchises

Creative Conversations Sample Answers For my ’80s party, I will decorate the room with bright decorations that are neon pink, neon green, and neon orange. I will wear acid washed jeans and leg warmers. I will tell my friends to wear acid washed denim as well. I will make my hair really big in an ’80s style. I will play music on CDs. I’ll play music by Madonna, Abba, and Michael Jackson. I will also play the songs from the Ghostbusters soundtrack. It will be amazing. I will ask my friends to bring food, so the food will be a surprise to me!

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. • Disposable camera • Taking photos • For taking photos at unplanned events, to create memories • Young people and travelers • Yes, cell phone cameras

2. Technology The technology I would choose is the disposable camera.

Used for? It was used for taking photos.

How became It became important because people wanted to be able to take photos any important? time. If they forgot their camera, they could buy a cheap disposable camera.

Who used it? Young people at parties and older people who were traveling were probably most interested in it. They could use it to make memories, even when they didn’t own a real camera. Still used? Modern Nowadays, the modern equivalent is the cell phone camera. We don’t have to equivalent? take a real camera out with us because we can take pictures with our phones.

3. The technology I would choose is the disposable camera. It was used for taking photos. It became important because people wanted to be able to take photos any time. If they forgot their camera, they could buy a cheap disposable camera. Young people at parties and older people who were traveling were probably most interested in it. They could use it to make memories, even when they didn’t own a real camera. I think we can still use it. Nowadays, the modern equivalent is the cell phone camera. We don’t have to take a real camera out with us because we can take pictures with our phones.

Vocabulary A 1. b 2. a 3. d 4. a 5. d

B 1. c 2. d 3. b 4. a Images (L-R) 4, 1, 2, 3

C 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a

Unit 5: Vampire v. Werewolves

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: What is offered as evidence that vampires are a universal concept? The idea of vampires is something common to cultures throughout the world. One of the earliest accounts of vampires comes from some 4,000 years ago in ancient Egypt. Early vampires were depicted as demons without human form or evil spirits. It was later, during the Middle Ages, that the idea of vampires changed. From this point, vampires were thought to be undead beings, corpses possessed by an evil curse or created as a result of a bite from another vampire.

What are likely some of the reasons why people created myths about vampires and werewolves? But why did humans feel the need to create these myths in the first place? Some think the beliefs about vampires originally came from a fear of the dead combined with a lack of understanding of natural decay. Early accounts of vampires almost always followed a record of misfortune befalling an area, such as a drought or an infectious disease. Villagers sometimes thought that the recently deceased were to blame for misfortunes and would unearth recent graves to check on the corpses. Although today we understand that rates of decomposition can vary and can be particularly slow in cold or dry conditions, people of that time would have expected rapid decomposition of the bodies. If one of the corpses looked “untouched,” it would have been a sign of a supernatural evil. Interestingly, myths involving vampires are not found in areas where cremation3, rather than burial, was practiced. Belief in werewolves most likely came from a different origin than that in vampires. In fact, one theory is that these legends arose to explain the savagery of humankind. Stories of werewolves— whether as warriors or victims of a curse—tell of their ferocity and capacity for violence.

In what ways do the personalities of vampires and werewolves differ? The personalities of vampire and werewolves are very different from each other as well. Modern day vampires are sophisticated and charming, although calculating and lacking emotion. Werewolves, on the other hand, are the complete opposite. They are aggressive and rough around the edges, but passionate in their loves and hates. If these supernatural creatures took the Myers-Briggs (MBTI) personality test, the vampires would definitely be thinkers and perceivers, but the werewolves would be feelers and judgers!

Sample Answers What is offered as evidence that vampires are a universal concept? Vampires are a universal concept because they are common to cultures. They existed as an idea in ancient Egypt. From the Middle Ages, people began to think of them as undead beings who became vampires through an evil curse.

What are likely some of the reasons why people created myths about vampires and werewolves? People in the past had a lack of understanding of decay and a fear of dead. They didn’t know that bodies sometimes decompose slowly, so if a dead body was still in good condition, they thought it was a vampire. They thought that vampires caused drought and diseases. They used tales about werewolves to explain the savagery of humans and the violence in the world.

In what ways do the personalities of vampires and werewolves differ? Vampires are sophisticated and charming, but they are cold and lack emotion. On the other hand, werewolves are aggressive and passionate. Vampires are more thinkers and werewolves are more feelers.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: I think that werewolves are the most believable supernatural beings? How about you? B: In my opinion, the chupacabra is the most believable. It doesn’t have any magic powers, so that makes me believe it is true. A: I think the appearance of the chupacabra sounds unrealistic. It sounds too strange because it looks like a lizard, but it hops like a kangaroo. B: Well, what about werewolves? Do you know anyone who has seen a werewolf? If they are real, surely, we or some of our friends would have seen a person change into a werewolf. A: I don’t think so. Maybe they want to avoid hurting people, so they go to live in places far away from cities. Maybe they make sure they live too far from humans to hurt anyone. B: But werewolves have aggressive and passionate personalities. I don’t think they would think logically. A: OK, but what about the evidence for chupacabras? People have found creatures that had all their blood sucked out. That looks like good evidence for chupacabras. But what is the evidence for werewolves? B: I don’t know. Just folk tales, I guess.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers A vampire movie I know about is “Hotel Transylvania.” It is an animated comedy. It made me laugh when I watched it. The main characters are the vampire Count Dracula, his vampire daughter Mavis, and a human named Jonathan. Jonathan arrives at Count Dracula’s hotel. Dracula tries to hide the fact that Jonathan is a human, but Mavis falls in love with him. Other monsters try to kill Jonathan, but Mavis saves him. The movie has both good and bad vampires and werewolves.

Listening for the Gist A. Title: Questions 1. dream, characters, lifetime 3. advice, rejections 4. responsibilities, delicate 5. message, enjoyable 7. research, world 8. celebrity, Mom 10. alternate, ending

Creative Conversations Sample Answers

I think my friend is a werewolf, so I will observe her carefully. I will check when the next full moon is. I will look at my friend very carefully on the day of the full moon. It might be dangerous to be with her during a full moon, so I will talk to her on my phone after it gets dark. I will use a video call so I can see her. If she refuses to use a video call, I will know she is a werewolf. It means she is hiding her appearance. If I can see her, I will look at her hair and teeth to see if there are any changes. If she is a werewolf, she will not sleep during the full moon. The next day, I will observe her to see if she is extra tired.

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. • Name: Shuma • Appearance: A gray cat with a long black tail. • Abilities: Can shoot lasers from his eyes, can fly, has claws that can cut through metal, can slap tail on the ground and cause earthquake. • Eats bamboo and drinks pure river water • Not dangerous to humans; he is a good cat that protects the Earth from outer-space monsters.

2. My creature will be called Shuma. It will be a gray cat with a long black tail. It will look like a normal cat, but it will be very special. It will have amazing abilities. Shuma will shoot lasers from his eyes. He will have very sharp claws that can cut through metal. His tail will be very strong so if he hits the ground with his tail, an earthquake will happen. He will eat bamboo and drink pure river water. He will not be dangerous to humans. He will be a good creature who protects us from monsters from outer-space.

Vocabulary A 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. c 5. a

B 1. b 2. a 3. d 4. c Images (L-R) 2, 1, 4, 3

C 1. a 2. a 3. b 4. a

Unit 6: The World of Harry Potter

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: Why has the Harry Potter series remained popular twenty years after it was first written? Yet, even more than twenty years later, the Harry Potter universe is still attracting new readers and fans. Why is the Potterverse so enduring? Of course, part of the reason is the appeal a fantasy world has for people. A fantasy world allows people to escape their everyday life and experience the impossible. But many think the particular appeal of Harry Potter is because the world JK Rowling imagined has such depth to it. It was easy to believe in the world she created. And perhaps it was so easy to believe in because much of what JK Rowling wrote is actually based on the world we live in. There is real-life “magic” and history at the heart of Harry Potter’s world.

In what ways does JK Rowling draw upon her knowledge of history and languages? Magical creatures like the hippogriff and the phoenix, the dragon, and the sphinx, to name but a few, were all taken from myths and legends of different cultures (Ancient Greek, the European Middle Ages, and Ancient Egyptian, in that order). Having a real-life counterpart is true even for the magical language of spells that Rowling uses in the Potterverse. Many of the spells and charms have names that have been taken from the real historical language of Latin. For example, Accio, the spell for summoning, literally means “I fetch” in Latin, and Expelliarmus, Harry’s signature disarming charm, is a combination of the Latin words expellere + arma (expellere meaning “to drive out” and arma meaning “weapon”).

What is the fundamental story of the Harry Potter series? Ultimately, the story of the Harry Potter series is about good versus evil, symbolized by the conflict between Harry Potter and Lord Voldemort. In the end, good triumphs and Harry defeats Voldemort.

Sample Answers Why has the Harry Potter series remained popular twenty years after it was first written? The series is still popular because people like a fantasy world that lets them escape their normal lives. Also, JK Rowling’s world is based on our world and it has great depth, so it is easy to believe in.

In what ways did JK Rowling draw upon her knowledge of history and languages? JK Rowling studied French and classics, so she based some of her monsters on magic creatures from myths and legends. The names of some of the spells come from the Latin language.

What is the fundamental story of the Harry Potter series? The fundamental story is about good versus evil. Harry represents good and Voldemort is evil. But in the end, Harry defeats Voldemort and good triumphs.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: I am very small, so I am not like Hagrid and I am often anxious, so I am not like Luna. I think I am most like Dobby.

B: I’m nothing like Dobby, But I think I am most like Arthur Weasley. I think I am kind and loyal. I am not a workaholic, so that’s why I am not like Dobby. A: That’s why I am like Dobby! I always have to be doing something. I don’t like to sit and rest with nothing to do. B: I love to relax with nothing to do. I think it is important to stand up for the rights of others. That’s another way I am like Arthur. A: I am very loyal to my friends. I will help them in any situation and I will always be there in times of trouble. That makes me like Dobby. B: Dobby has a good personality. It’s good to be like him, but don’t work too hard! A: Thanks. Arthur is a good person, too.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers A movie I know that features magic is “Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them.” The main character is Newt Scamander. He is transporting fantastic beast, even though it is not allowed. He loses his suitcase and some of the creatures in it escape. Newt has to find his missing beasts before they cause too much trouble. The movie is funny and interesting. It has good special effects. I like it because the acting was good.

Listening for the Gist A. Title: Characters 5. Hermione Granger nerd, studious, knowledge, Muggle 4. Sirius Black criminal, killing, parents, godfather 3. Albus Dumbledore world’s, wise, preventing 2. Harry Potter lived, chosen, bullied, Destined, fantasy 1. Severus Snape hero, potions, punishments, love

Creative Conversations Sample Answers If I were a young wizard, I would learn a spell such as an hour reversal charm. It is risky to use, because you can change time. But I would use it for good. For example, if there were an accident, I would change time so the accident never happened. I could use the spell to keep my friends and family safe. If I became president, I could use the spell to avoid war and diplomatic incidents.

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. • World: Amazaland

• How different: 30 hrs/day • Life: peaceful, easy, convenient • Animals and beasts: all the same animals as us, but they can fly, beasts – unizebra can heal people with its tears, • Animal appearance: Combination of various animals

2. Name Amazaland

How different? One day in Amazaland has 30 hours. It means that there is plenty of time to work and relax. Everyone has a pet owl that brings the mail.

What is life like? It is peaceful and life is easy. No one is stressed.

Animals and Owls bring the mail. All other animals are the same as in our world, but they can beasts? What also fly. There is a beast called a unizebra. It can heal people with its tears. There animals can do? is one unizebra in every town, but it is hard to find. Another beast is the elemouse. It is VERY strong. It can lift 1000kg. What animals The unizebra is a zebra that is a unicorn. look like? The elemouse has a small trunk like an elephant with the body of a mouse.

Vocabulary A 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. a 5. d

B 1. b 2. d 3. a 4. c Images (L-R) 3, 1, 2,4

C 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. b

Unit 7: The Revival of Disney

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: What caused Disney’s Dark Age? After Walt Disney died in 1966, the Disney studio went through a period when its films were critical and commercial failures. Known as Disney’s Dark (or Bronze) Age, the period from 1966 to 1988 was marked by a lack of creative guidance and the departures of many experienced animators from the company. A resulting change of focus and a decline in Disney movie quality greatly affected the studio’s success. In fact, at one point the studio was in danger of going bankrupt!

What steps did Disney take to find a way out of its second Dark Age? Executives at Disney knew they had to do something to get the studio back on track. Pixar had continued to release hit movie after hit movie—The Incredibles, Cars—and showed that they were experts at creating compelling stories with engaging characters, along with their amazing CGI animation. Disney decided that their in-house animation department was broken and as a radical step, purchased Pixar in 2006. The Pixar group became, in effect, Disney’s 3D animation department. Disney had learned its lesson from earlier experiences and left management and direction up to Pixar. This revitalized the Disney animation department. Disney, through Pixar, began to change the type of stories it told. Disney had already begun planning Frozen. In the original Frozen, Elsa was to be an evil villain, turned that way because she had been spurned5 by a man she loved. At the end of the movie, Anna’s frozen heart would be unthawed by a traditional true love’s kiss. But with Pixar’s changes, the story became more human and complex. Sisterly love became the focus for the movie, and rather than defeating evil, Elsa helped her sister to accept herself. Disney went a step further with Moana. Moana went on an epic quest to save the world, discovered her master navigation skills, and did this with no need for romance whatsoever. Far from the passive princesses of the Disney past, Disney princesses were now strong independent women who could help themselves. No longer was Disney following its tired fairy tale formula.

How has Disney improved its inclusion of cultural diversity in its movies? Disney is also trying to be more culturally diverse in its movies. For both Moana and Coco, Disney hired cultural advisors, including anthropologists, linguists, and historians to make sure that the movies were culturally accurate. Audiences who watched Moana and Coco saw authentic representations of the cultures (Oceanic and Latin, respectively), rather than the stereotypes commonly portrayed in earlier Disney movies.

Sample Answers What caused Disney’s Dark Age? After Walt Disney died, the company lacked his creative guidance and the company saw the departure of many animators. This led to a change in focus.

What steps did Disney take to find a way out of its second Dark Age? Disney bought Pixar for its CGI skills. It also changed the type of stories that it told and had independent princesses instead of the passive princess of the past.

How has Disney improved its inclusion of cultural diversity in its movies? Disney has hired advisors such as anthropologists and historians so that it can make more accurate and authentic representations of other cultures in its movies.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: Olaf would definitely be the best friend. I have no doubt. B: Well, he’d be a great friend I the winter, or if you live in the Arctic. But he would be a lousy friend during the Korean summer. He’d melt. A: Yes, but if you ignore that, he’s very friendly and outgoing. He is also very humorous, so he’d be fun to be with. Anyway, who would you choose? B: I’d choose Donald Duck because he has a positive outlook on life. A: But he gets angry so often. Wouldn’t that upset you? B: No, because he always starts the day in a good mood. As long as he has no problems during the day, he’d be fine. A: Well, I think he would make me feel stressed out. B: Yeah, but a melted friend would be really sad. I’d be happier with Donald Duck as my friend.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers A Disney character that I know about is Ariel. She is in “The Little Mermaid.” She looks like a mermaid with red hair. Her tail is green. She is very determined to do what she wants. She can be impulsive. She is a dreamer, but she is kind to others. Overall, her personality is positive, but I think that it was weak of her to sacrifice so much of her life to be with a human man.

Listening for the Gist A. Disney 1. good, evil. 2. fairy tales 3. plot 4. stimulation, loud noises. 6. big eyes

Pixar 1. right, wrong 3. troubles 4. emotional, dialog 5. right 6. look, face 7. accessible, topics

Creative Conversations Sample Answers

As CEO of Disney, I will have fewer stereotypes. The characters will be more original and interesting. I will have more Asian characters in cartoons. The Asians will be strong characters with depth. I will have lead female characters with male sidekicks. I will also make new movies with Mickey Mouse. He is the biggest star of Disney, but they never use him. I will make more movies that are based on popular books. I think I would make a simplified Shakespeare for kids. It would be very original.

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. • Genre: musical fantasy • Live/Animated: Live Action & animated • Characters: a nanny, some children, a lamplighter. Kind, funny, unique • Human/Animals: Human • Storyline: Man’s childhood nanny, takes care of his kids, adventures

2. Genre The movie is a musical fantasy. Live Action / This movie is a live action movie. There is also some animation. Animation Characters The main characters are a nanny, three children, and a lamplighter. The nanny is unique and magical. She is strict but kind. The children are nice and typical kids. The lamplighter is funny. Human/Animal The main characters are human. Storyline A man used to have a nanny when he was a kid. His nanny comes to his house when he is grown up. She takes care of his kids. They have adventures and fun.

3. Answer: Mary Poppins

Vocabulary A 1. a 2. b 3. c 4. d 5. d

B 1. d 2. c 3. b 4. a Images (L-R) 4, 3, 1, 2

C 1. b 2. b 3. b 4. a

Unit 8: Surviving a Zombie Apocalypse

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: What are the differences between the three types of zombies mentioned in the passage? Next, during a zombie apocalypse, it’s important to observe. What kind of zombies are causing this particular apocalypse? Are the zombies old-school George Romero style zombies? (George Romero popularized the idea of zombies with his 1968 zombie movie classic Night of the Living Dead). If so, then you’re in luck! These zombies are slow-moving and devoid of reason. As long as you are faster and smarter, you should be able to avoid them. Or are the zombies a more modern World War Z type? If that’s the case, you need to run as fast and as far away as you can! These zombies are extremely quick and hunt together in packs. Or perhaps the zombies are more like those in White Zombie (the 1932 film which is considered to be the first zombie movie). These are also slow-moving and look like corpses. However, unlike the first 2 types of zombie, these last are not actually dead, but just victims controlled by an outside force. All zombies can be killed by a fatal wound to the head, although this is not recommended for the third type, as these can revert back to human once their controller is killed.

What are likely some of the reasons why people are interested in zombies? And it‘s no coincidence that zombies are at their height of popularity at a time when times are so uncertain. Climate change, terrorism, and failing economies are heightening people’s anxieties about societal breakdown. Max Brooks, the author of World War Z, thinks that people use zombies as a safe way to explore their worries. He says, “Zombie stories give people the opportunity to witness the end of the world they’ve been secretly wondering about while, at the same time, allowing themselves to sleep at night because the catalyst of that end is fictional.” Perhaps it‘s for this reason that the term zombie is even being adopted to describe our relationship with technology. For instance, a smartphone zombie (or “smombie”) is a person who walks around, paying attention to their phone and nothing else—even when crossing the road or in other dangerous situations. Do we fear that technology will have the power to turn us into mindless monsters?

What is the purpose of Zombie Squad? Zombie Squad is a disaster preparedness organization, with members from all over the world (including the US, Canada, the UK, and South America). Zombie Squad describes itself as an "elite zombie suppression task force ready to defend your neighborhood from the shambling hordes of the walking dead." However, this is not the actual goal of Zombie Squad. In fact, its aim is the education and presentation of disaster preparedness. Zombies are used as a metaphor. If a person is prepared for the conditions of a zombie apocalypse, he or she will be even better prepared for any conceivable real-world disaster. Zombie Squad uses the humor of the zombie metaphor to draw in horror movie fans or others who would not normally be interested in disaster preparedness. And like Zombie Squad, the CDC is using humor to attract new audiences and to bring attention to real-world disaster preparedness.

Sample Answers

What are the differences between the three types of zombies mentioned in the passage? There are three types. The Romero type is slow and has no reasoning. The second type is the World War Z type and they are very quick and hunt in packs. The White Zombie type are slow, but they are not actually dead. They revert back to human if their controller is killed.

What are likely some of the reasons why people are interested in zombies? Times are uncertain, so people are worried about the destruction of society. They can see their worries play out in fictional situations and it makes them feel better.

What is the purpose of Zombie Squad? The Zombie Squad pretends to be a task force to defend neighborhoods but it is really a group that encourages education in disaster preparedness.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: I think that only the Medusa would be difficult to defeat. Well, maybe the Leviathan as well because it is so big. But I think Bloody Mary would be the easiest. B: I think that a zombie would be the easiest to beat. A: I agree that a Romero-type zombie would be easy to beat. But what would you do if it was a fast- moving World War Z type? A group of those is hard to beat. B: True, but we live in a city with many people who could help me. A: Not if they were all turned into zombies! B: OK, you are making this difficult. A: I know. So Bloody Mary is easy to avoid. If I don’t say her name, she won’t come. So no problem! B: I think that is not a good answer. You have to see her. So how do you beat her? A: OK. I have no idea then.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers A monster that I know is the Bigfoot. It is very tall and hairy. It is very shy so it hides from people. This monster eats plants, fish, and small animals. This monster is very good at hiding so very few people have seen it. It is also very strong. It doesn’t really have any weaknesses, but if a human catches one, they can easily kill it. That is why it always hides.

Listening for the Gist A. Feelings about himself: get out, stand, name, lonely About other people: janitor, personal trainer, heartbeat What he does every day: bumping, apologize, airport His relationships : best friend, hungry

Creative Conversations Sample Answers I think the most important thing to take is a cell phone and a charger. I don’t think the zombies can cut off the electricity, so if I can hide inside a building I can charge my phone and communicate by

23 ⓒ 2019 Seed Learning. All rights reserved. Media Matters Answer Key text with other people. I want to be able to move quickly, so I will not take anything heavy. I will take a water bottle, so I can refill it when I need. I won’t take food, but I will take a can opener. Then I can get food at any store and eat it. Canned food doesn’t need cooking, so I can safely and easily eat. I will take cash and a blanket. I will need a blanket at night, especially if I have to sleep outside, or up a tree, for example. I won’t take any books because they are heavy. But I can read books and play games on my phone as long as I keep it charged.

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. • Call: my family • Stay or get off: stay on • Where go: stay in subway station • Next: make a plan

2. Hour 1-6 Hour 7-12

I will call my family members to At the last subway station, I will find a find out where they are. Then I convenience store. I will charge my will stay on the subway to the phone and eat snacks. I will wait for end. I think that the streets will be my family to arrive, then plan where dangerous.______to go when they arrive.______

Hour 13-18 Hour 19-24

My family and I will take it in turns At night we will walk. We will try to to sleep. One person will listen out get to my grandma’s house. But it for zombies. If it is safe, we’ll rest. If will take a few days to walk. We will not, we’ll walk through the subway try to escape the city and get away tunnel to another station.______from the zombies.______

Vocabulary A 1. c 2. b 3. d 4. b 5. a

B 1. c 2. d 3. a 4. b Images (L-R) 2, 4, 1, 3

C 1. a 2. a 3. b 4. a

Unit 9: The Impact of The Lord of the Rings

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: What was the initial reaction to The Lord of the Rings? It may be surprising to people who are only familiar with the memes and the movies, but The Lord of the Rings trilogy was written almost seventy years ago. In fact, the author J. R. R. Tolkien first started writing The Fellowship of the Ring in 1938! Unfortunately for Tolkien, when the trilogy finally came out—and it took him sixteen years to finish it—many critics panned it. At that time, the fantasy genre was not considered proper literature. Mainstream critics called the trilogy “juvenile trash” and thought it lacked substance. Even one of Tolkien’s closest friends and fellow author, Hugo Dyson, complained about the book as he read it, saying, “Oh God, no more elves!”

How did Tolkien’s writing affect the fantasy genre of literature? Although Tolkien did not invent the fantasy genre—prior to this, other fantasy epics had been written—he did something that no other author had done to date. He codified the ideas of fantasy. He took ideas from different myths and legends and built it all into one world. And his ideas went on to affect our ideas of fantasy. Because of Tolkien, we—for example—think of elves as tall and beautiful, and orcs as ugly and evil. He also popularized the fantasy trope of a group of flawed heroes banding together to fight a powerful evil.

How have attitudes to The Lord of the Rings changed over the past sixty or so years? The Lord of the Rings has come a long way. Far from its initial criticism as juvenile trash sixty plus years ago, LOTR is now on required reading lists for high schools across multiple nations. And this series of books regularly tops lists like “The 10 Best Teen Reads” or “100 Best Ever Teen Novels. ” But as influential as LOTR may be to teens in America and the UK now (among other nations), this series is essentially just a part of Western Literature.

Sample Answers What was the initial reaction to The Lord of the Rings? Unfortunately, for Tolkien, at first critics panned his books and said it was juvenile trash that lacked substance.

How did Tolkien’s writing affect the fantasy genre of literature? Tolkien codified the ideas of fantasy. He took different myths and legends and built one world. He made the theme of a group of flawed heroes popular.

How have attitudes to The Lord of the Rings changed over the past sixty or so years? Tokien’s books are now required reading lists for students in high schools. It also tops lists of books to read and is influential to teens.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers

A: I would like to be Galadriel. She is an intelligent and powerful elf. I’d like to play a powerful character. B: I’d like to play Gollum. His character is very interesting to me. He is a sad character and that makes his character deeper. A: But what about the costume? Galadriel has a lovely long dress, but Gollum has no clothes. And you’ve have to wear an ugly costume. B: That’s ok because he is actually a CGI character. All I have to do is the voice. I don’t want to be famous or well-known to many people. For me, it’s perfect if people can’t see my real face. A: Not me. I’d like everyone to see me. B: That sounds awful to me.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers A fantasy movie that I know is “Miss Peregrine’s Home for Peculiar Children.” The main character is a boy called Jake. He goes to find Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children because his grandfather told him all about it. It is a secret school for people with unusual and extraordinary abilities. The school is protected from the outside world because it is not found in normal time – it is in a time loop. While he is there, Jake sees monsters, so it is dangerous. My favorite event is when Jake and Emma throw snowballs at the Hollows to make them visible. I recommend this movie. Jake is funny and sarcastic and the story is fun.

Listening for the Gist A. Title: Differences, Movies, Books 10. Eye of Sauron eye, watches 9. Fatty Bolger fight 8. The Dúnaedin protect, evil, Not 7. Warg Rider Ambush brutal, kills 6. Helm’s Deep thousand, Three hundred 3. Scale of the War of the Ring major, battles 2. Tom Bombadil character, Completely 1. Saving the Shire defeat

Creative Conversations Sample Answers My language is called Smorgy. Smorgy will be used with my friends when we want to keep secrets. The rules are easy. Just move the first sound of the word to the end and add the extra sound ‘-op’

26 ⓒ 2019 Seed Learning. All rights reserved. Media Matters Answer Key after it. But this is only done with nouns. We also drop the subject “I”. For example, “I like pizza” would be “like izzapop.” “History is interesting” would be “istoryhop is interesting” Smorgy can also substitute sounds for words. Beep is “to like” and Bop is “to dislike. For example, “I like pizza,” would be “beep izzapop.” Beep glishenop! Bop arrotscop! What do you beep and bop?

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. • Who: my mom and dad, my acting teacher • Emotions: surprise, shock, gratitude, happiness • Experience: compliment co-actors • Message: believe in yourself

2. Who to thank Emotions I will thank my mom and dad. I will express how surprised I am to win. They paid for acting lessons I will say how shocked I am. I will and they always encouraged express great gratitude to the academy. me when I was in plays, I will also Then I will say how happy I am.______thank my acting teacher for the skills she helped me to develop.

Making the movie Inspirational Message I will say how much fun it was I will say that anyone can be____ to make the movie. I will say a success. You just have to believe how much I liked working with in yourself and put in lots of_____ the other actors and how hard work. But you also have to__ great all the staff were. remain humble.______

Vocabulary A 1. b 2. a 3. a 4. c 5. d

B 1. d 2. c 3. a 4. b Images (L-R) 2, 1, 3, 4

C 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a

Unit 10: Geek Culture

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: How has the audience for comic books changed over the years, and what is the result of this change? Initially, comic books were geared toward teenagers and so the storylines reflected this with adolescent fantasy elements and superhero stories. Gradually, though, comic books became adopted by a wider range of society and now, the average age of customers purchasing comic books is actually in the late 30s. Consequently, there have been changes to the storylines of modern comics, which have evolved from adolescent fantasies into mature literature with adult themes.

What kinds of activities can fans find at a comic convention? At comic conventions, fans can meet comic creators and get their autographs or listen to panels of creators discussing their works and what’s to come. Conventions can offer limited editions of art, action figures, or other collectibles. Fans can even meet the celebrities who play their favorite characters in movies or on TV. And that’s not all: a comic convention is a great place to make new friends with similar geeky interests. Comic conventions are a gathering of many fandoms under one roof—comics, science fiction, fantasy, movies, and TV; all these and more are represented. There are even huge gaming areas set up where anything from board games to table top war games to collectible card games can be played.

How is being a geek now different than it was in the 1980s? In the ’80s, being labeled a geek was a social death-knell: if you were into comics, Star Wars, or anything similar, people mocked and shunned you. Now geek culture has become, for all intents and purposes, modern pop culture. The recent Marvel movies, the Game of Thrones TV series, the Walking Dead comics and TV show—all of these amazingly popular media properties are offshoots of comic book and geek culture. Geek culture has gone so far as to infiltrate fashion, too, with the creation of the term geek chic. This is defined as “a fashionable style of dressing that uses clothes or glasses often thought to be boring or not fashionable.” For the male and female fashionistas out there, this usually entails thick rimmed glasses and T-shirts with geeky slogans on them like “May the Force Be With You” or pictures of their favorite comic characters. No longer socially uncool, being a geek now is a point of pride.

Sample Answers How has the audience for comic books changed over the years, and what is the result of this change? Initially, comic books were written for teenagers and had themes of adolescent fantasies and superheroes. But now it is mostly people in their 30s who buy comic books, so they have more adult themes.

What kinds of activities can fans find at a comic convention? Fans can do all kinds of things at a comic convention. They can meet comic creators and celebrities. They can buy art and collectibles. They can make new friends with people who have similar interests to their own, and they can play games in a gaming zone.

How is being a geek now different than it was in the 1980s? In the ’80s, if people thought you were a geek, it was like suffering a social death and you would be mocked and shunned. Now geek culture is part of pop culture, and it has even infiltrated fashion. To be a geek is now a point of pride.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: I’m not really into comic book collectibles. But if I had enough money, I would buy the LEGO Millennium Falcon. What would you buy? B: Well, I would buy the Pikachu Illustrator Card. A: Why would you buy that? B: It is very small, so it would be easy to keep in a safe place. The LEGO set would take up a lot of space, and I would be tempted to play with it. Also, if it got damaged, it would lose its value. So the card is the safest thing for me. A: Good point. But I think the card is a bit boring. I would put the Millennium Falcon in a glass case that revolves. I could show it to people, and they could watch it turn around. They could see it all without needing to touch it. B: That sounds awesome. Would you let strangers see it or only your friends and family? A: I’d only show it to people I trust. I wouldn’t want it to get stolen. B: Would you let me see it? A: Hmm, maybe not. Kidding! Of course I would.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers A comic book convention that I know about is Comic World. It is held in Seoul and Busan. In Seoul, it takes place every month. In Busan, it takes place every other month. In both cities, it lasts for two days each time. The convention started in 1999. I don’t know how many people attend each time, but it was very busy when I attended last year.

Listening for the Gist A. 20. Podcasts 19. Tennis, men 18. awards 17. Culture, Star Trek 15. Comic, Hollywood 14. Sales 12. Professional, entertainment 10. gamers, thousands 9. subculture, trending 8. normal 6. ridiculed, acceptable 5. mainstream 4. actors 3. big

2. cavemen

Creative Conversations Sample Answers I really like science and my major is chemical engineering, so I would feature the periodic table on lots of my clothes. I would make shoes like Vans that have the periodic table on them. I would make fun T-shirts that have one element and its symbol plus fun facts about the element. I would make reusable cups and water bottles that look like chemical beakers and flasks. I would sell metal chopsticks that have scientific formulas engraved at the ends. I would make a range of bags and cases with pictures of scientists like Einstein and Dalton on them. You could carry your water bottle in one of these bags. I would also make fun socks that have sci-fi characters on them.

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. • Aspect - cosplay • Involved in - no • Equipment/Devices – costumes and makeup • Do where - anywhere • Share with – everyone, but especially with other cosplayers

2. I’d like to talk about cosplay. It is not something that I do right now. But I’d like to get involved in it. The equipment you need includes costumes and makeup. You don’t need any special devices. You can do this at home. Most people make their costumes at home, but it’s more fun to do this at a convention. You can share cosplay with anyone, but it is better to share it with people who are cosplayers because they will understand what you are doing.

Vocabulary A 1. a 2. b 3. c 4. d 5. a

B 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. b Images (L-R) 1, 2, 4, 3

C 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. a

Unit 11: Little League, Big Dreams

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: What is the purpose of the Little League organization? But if you’re a kid playing baseball after school you need a team, and if you have a team, that team needs other teams to compete with, and that leads to the necessity of different divisions and tournaments. This is where Little League Baseball comes in. Originally founded in Pennsylvania in 1939, Little League Baseball is an American organization that organizes and operates baseball programs for children between the ages of four and sixteen. Although Little League divisions and teams were originally based in the US, Little League Baseball soon went international. Initially, international interest started due to large numbers of American expatriate families, but kids from the host countries rapidly joined as well.

According to sports psychologists, why do people enjoy playing baseball? Why do people enjoy playing it so much? According to sports psychologists, there are some common intrinsic reasons why people like participating in sports programs. In fact, motives for playing sports can be grouped into four major categories: affiliation, skill development, excitement, and success and status. What does this mean in plain English? Well, people enjoy being part of a team and becoming good at something, while experiencing challenging activities that give them a chance of victory or of gaining recognition.

What are some pre-game habits of professional baseball players and why do they do these? Are you interested in practicing your innate human nature? If so, don’t wash after you get a good score on an exam. Many MLB players think that if they wash while on a winning streak, they will wash their luck away. Feel like you’re in a slump? Put on gold thong underwear. This always worked for all-star first baseman Jason Giambi whenever he was going through a bad patch. Want to make sure that an upcoming interview or test will be successful? Just make sure to eat fried chicken right before, preferably from Popeye’s. Matt Garza, a successful MLB pitcher, credits this as part of the reason for his successful no-hitter game in 2010.

Sample Answers What is the purpose of the Little League organization? Kids who want to play baseball need teams to compete with. The Little League organization arranges divisions and tournaments for kids aged four to sixteen.

According to sports psychologists, why do people enjoy playing baseball? There are intrinsic reasons why people enjoy playing baseball. They like the sense of affiliation they get from team membership. They enjoy skill development and the excitement of playing the game. They also enjoys the success and status they get if they win.

What are some pre-game habits of professional baseball players and why do they do these? Professional players do things like wear thong underwear or eat Popeye’s chicken before a game. Some players don’t wash before a game. They think that these actions will bring them luck.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: I think that Babe Ruth is the best of these players. His name is so famous among baseball fans because he is the greatest. B: Hmm. Actually, I had never heard of him before. I think Chan Ho Park is the best player. A: Well, among the batters here, Babe Ruth has the best batting average. 0.342 is amazing. B: OK. He was very good. But I think that players from a long time ago would lose if they played players from the current time. Over the years, people have become stronger and faster. I don’t think Babe Ruth could beat modern players. A: I see your point. But his batting average and number of home runs is higher than modern players like Alex Rodriguez. B: That is true. I guess Babe Ruth really was great. But maybe he would have fewer home runs if he met a pitcher like Chan Ho Park. A: Interesting idea. It’s too bad we will never know.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers An MLB baseball player I know about is Curtis Pride. He mostly played in the outfield. He has played for many teams including the Detroit Tigers, the Atlanta Braves, and the Anaheim Angels. He was born deaf, but this did not stop him from being a success. He used signals to communicate with team mates. Some unkind players mocked him because of his deafness, but he didn’t let it upset him. Fans like him because of his excellent catching and throwing skills. They also admire the work he does for deaf youths.

Listening for the Gist A. Origins - largest - seventy-five - left Benefits - fifty - chased, pastor -respect, loser Philosophy - community - opportunity - leadership, courage Safety - pitch - rest - Bats - volunteers Volunteers - payment - time

Creative Conversations Sample Answers I know exactly who to put on my dream team. First, I would make myself the manager because I am good at leading people. I would put Mike Trout of the LA Angels in the center fielder position. He has won many awards for his playing. I would put Bryce Harper in right field because he’s the best, and I would put my dad in left field because he was a left fielder as a kid. My friend Min Seok would be on first base. He is able to think quickly and is good at throwing and catching. I’d put my brother on second base. He is tall with strong shoulders and has a great throwing arm. My third baseman would

32 ⓒ 2019 Seed Learning. All rights reserved. Media Matters Answer Key be Nolan Arenado of the Colorado Rockies. He can throw so hard and fast that his nickname is ‘Sharknado.’ My catcher would be my friend Do-yun. He has big hands and a steady eye. My pitcher would be Seung-hwan Oh. His nickname is “Stone Buddha” because of his emotionless face. Other teams could not read his face, so it would be an advantage for my team. For short stop, I would choose Corey Seager. He is young and has a robust physique. No one will beat my team!

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. Shape and materials – shape of a giant baseball, concrete, glass, and metal Location – on water – Han River # of seats – 50,000 Unique feature – soft, heated seats; mono-rail to the stadium from subway stations Facilities – luxury restaurants, mobile POS (point-of-service) systems to order snacks and drinks, restrooms with TV monitors so you don’t miss any of the game if you need to go

2. My stadium would have the unique design of a giant baseball. It will be made of concrete, glass, and metal. The glass will let in lots of light, but it will be treated so that it doesn’t get too bright. It will be located on the Han River so you will feel like you are inside a ball floating on water. There will be 50,000 seats and tickets will be affordable. The seats will be soft and comfortable. They will be heated in the winter. There will be a special mono-rail that takes people directly to the stadium. It will run inside the stadium. You can use your phone to order snacks and drinks that will be brought to you. There will also be luxury restaurants for anyone who wants to eat good food before or after the game. Additionally, there will multiple TV monitors in every restroom, so you won’t miss any of the action if you need to go to the restroom during the game.

Vocabulary A 1. b 2. a 3. d 4. c 5. b

B 1. d 2. c 3. b 4. a Images (L-R) 1, 3, 4, 2

C 1. a 2. a 3. a 4. b

Unit 12: The Iconic ’80s

Reading Recap Content from passage to use when answering questions: What was the source of humor in the ’80s sitcom, Family Ties? Family Ties was one of the most popular family sitcoms in the ’80s. It was about the Keaton family: parents Elyse and Steven Keaton (liberals and former hippies), their eldest son Alex, a conservative young Republican, their airheaded materialistic middle daughter, Mallory, and their funny and sarcastic youngest daughter, Jennifer. At the peak of its popularity, a third of all Americans would tune in to Family Ties. Most of the comedy in the show came from the cultural and political divide between the generations in the family. Although Elyse and Steven were liberal and feminist, their kids embraced the materialism and conservative politics that were prevalent in the ’80s.

In what ways were shows like Family Ties and The Cosby Show different from the sitcoms of earlier eras? However, there were some important differences in Family Ties which reflected the social attitudes of the 80s. There was a modern take on the family unit—a reflection of the real families of the ’80s. Both Elyse and Steven had jobs outside the home, and Steven did housework. Additionally, Alex was very much the face of the ’80s. He was politically conservative and obsessed with making money, much like many Americans in the Reagan era. Likewise, The Cosby Show, another iconic TV favorite, also portrayed the importance of family values in a changing society. Parents Cliff and Clair Huxtable both had good jobs (doctor and attorney) and together they were raising four daughters and one son. What made The Cosby Show different is that the central family in this case was African American. Prior to this, TV families were mostly Caucasian. This difference reflected and promoted positive changes in American society regarding race and class.

What is a common theme of teen movies in the 1980s? Rebelling against authority, standing up for yourself, and living life to the fullest are all messages in Ferris Bueller’s Day Off. Likewise, the hit movie The Breakfast Club has these same messages. In the movie, five high school teens are forced to spend all day together in detention. Coming from wildly different social groups—there is a jock, a geek, a “princess”, an outcast, and a delinquent—they instantly dislike each other. However, they discover that they all have similar problems. They realize they need to rebel against their social roles and live their lives for themselves. The message in 80s movies was very much about rebellion.

Sample Answers What was the source of humor in the 80s sitcom, Family Ties? The humor was based on the political and cultural divide between the liberal parents and their conservative, materialistic children.

In what ways were shows like Family Ties and The Cosby Show different from the sitcoms of earlier eras? Family Ties and The Cosby Show depicted modern families and were a reflection of real families. These families had working parents, and in Family Ties, the father even did housework. The Cosby Show was special because it featured an African American family.

What is a common theme of teen movies in the 1980s? A common theme is teenage rebellion. The characters in these movies fight against social roles. Their message is that you should stand up for yourself and live your own life.

Talk It Over Together Sample Answers A: I think that Clair Huxtable is the best role model for a young person. How about you? B: Well, I definitely think we can admire Clair, but I think Adam Goldberg is the best role model. He is young, so other young people can relate to him. A: But Clair Huxtable has already achieved a lot and is a successful lawyer. B: Yes. But being a role model is not just about being someone with a good job and success. It is also about showing what kind of person you are in difficult situations. We can respect Adam and model ourselves on him. A: Can you give me an example? B: Yes. Although his mom always embarrasses him and his brother and sister are mean to him, he always tries to do the right thing. He is very good-hearted. I think he is a great role model for a young person for this reason. A: OK, I think I agree with you. And he faces the same kinds of situations as young people, so they can see positive ways of dealing with their own issues. B: Exactly.

Respond in Writing Sample Answers An ’80s TV show that I know about is Roseanne. It is a sitcom. It is a comedy, but is has some serious moments, too. The main characters are Roseanne and Dan, who are the parents, their three children Darlene, Becky, and DJ, and Roseanne’s sister, Jackie. The themes in this show are family, the struggles of a working mother, money, and love. I like it because all the characters are funny. They often tease each other. I also like it because they are poor and live in an ordinary house. I think other TV families and their homes are too perfect.

Listening for the Gist A. Movies that are Iconic to ’80s Kids (Top Six) 6. adolescent, relatability, unforgettable 5. theme, neighborhood, real, inspired 4. children, imaginations, pretending 3. trilogy, exposure, twists 2. magic, understanding 1. influence, heroes, timeless

Creative Conversations Sample Answers In my capsule, I will choose 8 things that are very representative of now. I think life will be very different in 2080. I mean, life now is very different from 1980. I will put a smartphone so people can see how we communicated. I will put in a newspaper, so they can see what was happening in the

35 ⓒ 2019 Seed Learning. All rights reserved. Media Matters Answer Key world during our time. I will put some photos of my family and friends, so they can see the clothes we wore and the way people look. I will put a comic book. Maybe the characters we love now will not exist in the future, so it will be interesting. I will put a menu from McDonald’s. I think McDonald’s will still exist, but maybe the menu will be different. I will put a cooking magazine in there, so they can see the kinds of foods people liked to cook. I think people will use different techniques for cooking in the future. I will put a LEGO set of Sungnyemun in there. It will show both an important Korean monument and a kind of pastime that people enjoy. I will also write a letter to explain what life is like now and include it in my capsule.

Share and Spread Wrap-up Sample Answers 1. • Show name: Our Student Days • Main characters: 4 students who share a house to save money while they attend school • City: San Francisco • Themes: stress, bullying, finding a job, love • Time: 2000s

2. On the right will be two bedrooms. The kitchen/living room are in the center. On the left there are two more bedrooms. Each bedroom has its own bathroom. Most of the scenes take place in the living room. My sitcom will be about a group of students in the current era who share a house in San Francisco. They are Paul and Jenna, who are brother and younger sister, Kylie who is a pretty and smart engineering major, and Michael, who is a naïve but kind English major. Paul and Jenna are both psychology majors. They are often in the same classes, so they are very competitive. A lot of the humor lies in the relationship between Paul and Jenna. They have a lot of misunderstandings and miscommunications. Michael is always trying to make money, but he always ends up losing his money. Kylie is the peacemaker who keeps everyone happy. They will tackle the themes of stress, bullying, finding a job, and love.

Vocabulary A 1. a 2. d 3. c 4. b 5. b

B 1. b 2. d 3. a 4. c Images (L-R) 2, 1, 4, 3

C 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. b