The Ethical Composition of Every Bite
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Khazaal & Almiron 2014
Published in Journalism Studies, 2016, 17(3):374-391. DOI: 10.1080/1461670X.2014.982966. “An Angry Cow Is Not A Good Eating Experience” How US and Spanish media are shifting from crude to camouflaged speciesism in concealing nonhuman perspectives Natalie Khazaal and Núria Almiron Recent developments in the ideology of speciesism (meaning bias against members of other animal species) within the media deserve analysis. Such discussion is important because speciesism is a major ethical concern. Nonhuman animals suffer massive harm within the industrial farming complex, confined throughout their lives and a high proportion killed while still infants or juveniles. The joint efforts of material institutions, cultural narratives and embodied affects conceal this from the public. As research on this topic is scarce, this study aims to provide tools to improve the quality of journalism regarding ethical issues that concern our relationship with nonhuman animals. We hope to help to formulate an emerging critical animal studies perspective on journalism studies. This article explores the role of news media in constructing perceptions of nonhumans used for food and their treatment. We compare 60 articles from The New York Times (United States) and El País (Spain) over a two-year time frame (2011–2013) using a critical discourse analysis. Our results show that, while both newspapers play a major role in concealing the nonhumans’ cruel reality, a distinction can be drawn between the crude speciesism of El País and the camouflaged, more deceptive style of The New York Times. KEYWORDS agribusiness; ideology; language; media; nonhuman animals; oppression; speciesism Introduction The 2009 episode “Dealbreakers Talk Show,” from the US sitcom 30 Rock, provided a telling quip about how often print journalism spares its readership the truth. -
Baby Boomer Vegetarians
Baby Boomer Vegetarians By Stephen F. Barnes, Ph.D. According to some sources, vegetarianism is on a modest uptick or at least holding its own, with about 6.7 percent of the U.S. adult population (20 million) reporting they no longer eat meat, and 2.3 percent (7 million) claiming they never eat meat, fish or fowl—and, by definition, are true vegetarians. Still smaller, about 1.4 percent don’t eat, wear, or use much of anything caught, hatched, milked, or slaughtered (no meat, fish/seafood, poultry, dairy products/eggs) and are known as vegans (pronounced veeguns). Women are twice as likely to avoid eating meat than men, and roughly 10 percent of Baby Boomers are probably non-meat eaters by our non-scientific best estimate. Most of these numbers (see summary box below) are from a national survey conducted in 2009 for the Vegetarian Resource Group. And while the survey sample only consisted of 2,397 adults and used an on-line query technique, the Harris Poll research methodology was considered highly reliable (Stahler, 2009). U.S. Dietary Habits of Adults 18 Years and Older 100% Total adults 6.7% Never eat meat 6.3% Never eat poultry 14.6% Never eat fish/seafood 7.6% Never eat dairy products 8.8% Never eat eggs 23.4% Never eat honey 2.3% Never eat meat, poultry, fish/seafood (vegetarian) 1.4% Never eat meat, poultry, fish/seafood, dairy products/eggs (vegan, except for possibly honey) Of course, there are lots of reasons why people do not eat certain foods. -
Reasonable Humans and Animals: an Argument for Vegetarianism
BETWEEN THE SPECIES Issue VIII August 2008 www.cla.calpoly.edu/bts/ Reasonable Humans and Animals: An Argument for Vegetarianism Nathan Nobis Philosophy Department Morehouse College, Atlanta, GA USA www.NathanNobis.com [email protected] “It is easy for us to criticize the prejudices of our grandfathers, from which our fathers freed themselves. It is more difficult to distance ourselves from our own views, so that we can dispassionately search for prejudices among the beliefs and values we hold.” - Peter Singer “It's a matter of taking the side of the weak against the strong, something the best people have always done.” - Harriet Beecher Stowe In my experience of teaching philosophy, ethics and logic courses, I have found that no topic brings out the rational and emotional best and worst in people than ethical questions about the treatment of animals. This is not surprising since, unlike questions about social policy, generally about what other people should do, moral questions about animals are personal. As philosopher Peter Singer has observed, “For most human beings, especially in modern urban and suburban communities, the most direct form of contact with non-human animals is at mealtimes: we eat Between the Species, VIII, August 2008, cla.calpoly.edu/bts/ 1 them.”1 For most of us, then, our own daily behaviors and choices are challenged when we reflect on the reasons given to think that change is needed in our treatment of, and attitudes toward, animals. That the issue is personal presents unique challenges, and great opportunities, for intellectual and moral progress. Here I present some of the reasons given for and against taking animals seriously and reflect on the role of reason in our lives. -
Vegan Mentor Program Resource Guide
Vegan Mentor Program Resource Guide Thank you for participating in Catskill Animal Sanctuary’s Vegan Mentor program! Catskill Animal Sanctuary has thoroughly researched a variety of topics and media to help you help your mentee on their vegan journey. They are organized by topic, and then by resource type within each topic. The topic key will also help you find resources about the four major topics relating to a vegan lifestyle: animals, the environment, health, and vegan living. Resources with graphic content are also indicated. If you are viewing this list electronically, you can click on a title for an active link to a trailer, video, place to buy a book, etc. We encourage you to talk with your mentee to determine where their interests lie, and what types of resources - books, internet videos, documentaries, podcasts, etc. - they prefer. You are welcome to use other resources outside of the ones listed below. However, these resources must not: ● Encourage illegal activities ● Promote violence or aggression against any species ● Contain unsubstantiated claims or ‘facts’ ● Promote any type of trolling or bullying ● Support welfarist approaches to animal rights (i.e. advocating for the improving the treatment of animals as opposed to the cessation of their exploitation for food, clothing, entertainment, research, or for any reason) Please reach out to program staff if you have questions about these or other resources to be used, or to suggest additional resources. Happy mentoring! 1 Table of Contents For the Animals (Animals and Animal -
The Food Police
KEYNOTE ADDRESS The Food Police Jayson L. Lusk Living in a cultural melting pot, Americans have long tak- While the federal government has long played a hand en their culinary cues from other societies. A night on the in influencing consumers’ food choices, its reach is ex- town typically means a visit to the tastes of Italy, France, tending in new and unprecedented directions. For de- or Thailand. If there is any food distinctly American, it is cades, food and agricultural policy was primarily aimed fast food; a food geared toward satisfying the palette and at issues related to the volume of food production – to wallet of the everyman. Against a backdrop of increasing ensure affordable food and profitable farmers. In recent concerns about food safety, health, and the environment years has emerged an agenda to regulate what we eat and has emerged a new phenomenon in American cuisine – how farmers operate to ensure healthy consumers, farm the food elite. animals, and ecosystems. A chorus of writers and food advocates has emerged The movement to regulate choice – of which foods con- to remind us of the joys of fine food, good health, and sumers buy and what farmers’ raise and plant – is becom- connecting with our land and animals. From Michael Pol- ing pervasive. Michelle Obama’s White House garden lan, Marion Nestle, Alice Waters, Mark Bittman, Martha was a symbolic nod granted to a growing reality of a food Stewart, and many other bestselling authors, chefs, and movement that seeks more control over the Nation’s din- food critics, we are now taught that food that is more lo- ner plates. -
Entangled Histories: an Analysis of the Anglophone Histories of Science in Latin America from Dependence to Decoloniality, 1950-Present
ENTANGLED HISTORIES: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ANGLOPHONE HISTORIES OF SCIENCE IN LATIN AMERICA FROM DEPENDENCE TO DECOLONIALITY, 1950-PRESENT A Thesis by HADLEY SINCLAIR CLUXTON Submitted to the Graduate School at Appalachian State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2019 Department of History ENTANGLED HISTORIES: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ANGLOPHONE HISTORIES OF SCIENCE IN LATIN AMERICA FROM DEPENDENCE TO DECOLONIALITY, 1950-PRESENT A Thesis by HADLEY SINCLAIR CLUXTON May 2019 APPROVED BY: René Harder Horst, Ph.D. Chairperson, Thesis Committee Michael C. Behrent, Ph.D. Member, Thesis Committee Timothy H. Silver, Ph.D. Member, Thesis Committee James Goff, Ph.D. Chairperson, Department of History Michael McKenzie, Ph.D. Dean, Cratis D. Williams School of Graduate Studies Copyright by Hadley Sinclair Cluxton 2019 All Rights Reserved Abstract ENTANGLED HISTORIES: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ANGLOPHONE HISTORIES OF SCIENCE IN LATIN AMERICA FROM DEPENDENCE TO DECOLONIALITY, 1950-PRESENT Hadley Sinclair Cluxton B.A., The Ohio State University, Comparative Studies of Science and Technology B.A., The Ohio State University, Spanish, Latin American Literature and Language M.A., Appalachian State University, History Chairperson: René Harder Horst Science in Latin America has a rich, complex history characterized by a hybridization of multiple Indigenous, Creole, imperial Iberian and Western/Northern knowledge practices. As a result of these entangled histories, Latin American science does not fit easily into the standard periodization of Western histories of science, nor into traditional Latin American historical periodization. This inability to effectively categorize and constrain the heterogeneous histories of Latin American science has meant that these fascinating narratives have been widely ignored by historians in the West. -
Trends in Marketing for Books on Animal Rights
Portland State University PDXScholar Book Publishing Final Research Paper English 5-2017 Trends in Marketing for Books on Animal Rights Gloria H. Mulvihill Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/eng_bookpubpaper Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, and the Publishing Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Mulvihill, Gloria H., "Trends in Marketing for Books on Animal Rights" (2017). Book Publishing Final Research Paper. 26. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/eng_bookpubpaper/26 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Book Publishing Final Research Paper by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Mulvihill 1 Trends in Marketing for Books on Animal Rights Gloria H. Mulvihill MA in Book Publishing Thesis Spring 2017 Mulvihill 2 Abstract Though many of us have heard the mantra that we shouldn’t judge a book by its cover, marketers in book publishing bank on the fact that people do and will continue to buy and read books based not only on content, but its aesthetic appeal. This essay will examine the top four marketing trends that can be observed on the Amazon listings for books published on animal rights within the last ten years, specifically relating to titles, cover design, and the intended audience. From graphic adaptations of animals to traditional textbook approaches and animal photography, publishers are striving to evoke interest and investment in literature concerning a politically charged and inherently personal topic. -
Review of the Moral Complexities of Eating Meat
133 BETWEEN THE SPECIES Review of The Moral Complexities of Eating Meat Ben Bramble and Bob Fischer, eds. Oxford University Press 2016 217 pp., Hardcover Andy Lamey University of California at San Diego [email protected] Volume 20, Issue 1 Summer, 2017 http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/bts/ 134 Andy Lamey Vegans who do not eat roadkill are immoral. Consider that the most common rationale for veganism is avoiding unnecessary harm to animals.1 It is a well-known fact that animals are killed in the cultivation of plant foods such as wheat, corn and soybeans. Mice, rabbits and other field creatures are routinely run over by tractors or cut in two by harvesters. To buy commercial plant food therefore is to sustain the system responsible for these deaths. Road-killed animals, by contrast, are already dead, so the decision to consume them does not perpetuate a lethal process. A diet that consists entirely of plant food therefore will be responsible for a greater number of animal fatalities than a mostly-plant diet that also includes roadkill but no other meat. So goes the argument of Donald Bruckner’s cheeky paper, “Strict Vegetarianism is Immoral,” a standout chapter of The Moral Complexities of Eating Meat. Anyone who follows the animal ethics literature will be familiar with defences of meat eating premised on a rejection of animal rights. Bruckner’s ingenious argument by contrast is premised on animals having rights. This captures something of the collection in general, which offers original moves and thought-provoking conclusions with impressive frequency. Moral Complexities has three sections. -
TRANSCRIPT: Michael Pollan Lecture (Edited) EVENT DATE: September 24, 2009
TRANSCRIPT: Michael Pollan Lecture (Edited) EVENT DATE: September 24, 2009 Chancellor Biddy Martin: Good evening and welcome to all of you. It’s been a long time since I saw this many people excited about reading. (Applause) I’m really delighted to see so many people from so many different communities at the, at this event. This is the first year at what will be an annual “Go Big Read” project. I hope we’ll always be able to pick a book that creates this much excitement, but I doubt it seriously. The purpose of the book project is to generate interest in reading, which is the heart of education, and to build intellectual community by focusing on issues that matter to people. It’s hard to imagine an issue that matters more to people than food and the food supply. What could be more fundamental, indeed more elemental, than food: its production, distribution, availability and safety? It’s elemental obviously because it’s essential to life. It’s fundamental because much of what we consider culture has its roots in the growing and sharing of food. As individuals, we learn about love and trust from our earliest experiences of nourishment. Cultures, their very formations and their well being, their identities, are built to a large extent on the choices that agriculture and a safe food supply offer up. These choices are denied far too many people around the world. When I was given a short list of possible book choices and told there was significant interest in the issues raised by “In Defense of Food,” I could not imagine a more appropriate topic for this campus. -
Teacher Toolbox: Eating Animals
Teacher Toolbox: Eating Animals This year's Keynote Address by Jonathan Safran Foer: http://kbvideo.kingsborough.edu/embed/165/ This year's Plenary on Eating Meat Ethically & Sustainably w/ Andrew Tarlow, Mike Fadem & Farin Kautz: http://kbvideo.kingsborough.edu/embed/166/ ~~~~ ~Teaching Materials & Readings: Whole Curricula~ Prof. Mara Gittleman: An entire set of teaching materials for use with Eating Animals and/or the KCC Urban Farm is available at this link: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/z8lgcx3ygjvjgjc/6IEm9wWo5x Mara recommends some important, recent articles, too: http://www.sfgate.com/health/article/Report-links-antibiotics-at-farms-to-human-deaths- 4819492.php http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/07/24/205124705/nyc-doctors-are-now-prescribing- fruits-and-veggies?utm_medium=Email&utm_source=share&utm_campaign= Profs Gene McQuillan, John Yi & Amy Washburn: Materials designed for classes focused on reading skills (Eng 92, Eng R) but useful in any class in which students are reading Eating Animals: http://kccwikireads.pbworks.com/w/page/70153134/Eating%20Animals%20%28click%29 ~Teaching Materials & Readings: Individual Teachers & Classes~ Prof. Eleanor Bader recently published the following article on the role of women in sustainable and organic agriculture: http://truth-out.org/news/item/20047-women-lead-the-way-in-sustainable-and-organic- agriculture Prof. Nicole Beveridge: Supplementary readings to use with Eating Animals: "America's Food Crisis and How to Fix It": http://www.nimanranch.com/Files/Times%20Article%20August%2020%2009.pdf The Humane Society's Video Library on Factory Farming: http://video.humanesociety.org/index.php?id=PLFF7DE1D5DD17F6CE And the following additional articles, which Nicole is using in her Eng 24 class: http://www.apa.org/monitor/jan04/blame.aspx http://hive.slate.com/hive/time-to-trim/stop-being-afraid-of-the-food-industry http://hive.slate.com/hive/time-to-trim/push-play-instead-of-push-ups http://articles.latimes.com/print/2004/aug/10/science/sci-guidelines10 Prof. -
I Went Plant-Based to Avoid Needing Statins. the Results Have Been Incredible
I Went Plant-Based to Avoid Needing Statins. The Results Have Been Incredible By Mary Snyder May 18 2020 My family was self-sufficient on our small Iowa farm in the 1960s and ’70s. We raised, butchered, and packaged cattle, pigs, and chickens for our freezer and canned all our garden produce. It was hard work but very rewarding. Growing up I was never accused of being skinny, but my weight wasn’t much of a problem until I went to college and eventually started living on my own. I developed poor eating habits that followed me for years. Staying active helped keep my weight reasonably under control. I tried all the usual weight-loss programs. They would work for a while, but then the pounds would eventually return, along with a few of their friends. So I talked myself into thinking that “someday” I would get serious about being healthy. Accelerating Weight Gain Things really started to get out of control when I was in my mid-50s. My weight had been gradually creeping up until that point (from an average of 165 pounds, on my 5’8” frame). Then at age 55, an unusually stressful time led to out-of-control eating. Lunch often consisted of convenience-store pizza topped with Canadian bacon, a side of baked chips, and a 20-ounce Diet Dr. Pepper to wash it down. Sometimes I repeated that same menu for dinner, and I always snacked nonstop until bedtime. I developed plantar fasciitis and became less physically active. The number on the scale rapidly rose, topping out around 240. -
Consumer Moral Dilemma in the Choice of Animal-Friendly Meat Products
sustainability Review Consumer Moral Dilemma in the Choice of Animal-Friendly Meat Products Li Lin-Schilstra * and Arnout R. H. Fischer Marketing and Consumer Behaviour Group, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands; arnout.fi[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 8 May 2020; Accepted: 11 June 2020; Published: 13 June 2020 Abstract: More and more consumers, at least in Western developed countries, are attentive to the sustainability aspects of their food, one of which concerns animal welfare. The conflict of harming an animal for the joy of eating meat causes a moral dilemma, affecting consumers’ reactions to, and choices of, animal-friendly products. This systematic review identified 86 studies from Scopus and Web of Science. The review outlines: (1) What are the personal antecedents among consumers regarding moral conflicts?; (2) In what situation do moral conflicts occur in consumer food choice?; (3) How do consumers emotionally experience the moral dilemma?; (4) How do consumers resolve moral conflicts over animal products? Researchers have studied personal factors and situational factors that arouse consumers’ moral dilemma and how the dilemma is solved, during which emotions and dissonance come into play. When synthesizing these findings into a comprehensive model, we notice that the current research is lacking on how personal factors change and interact with situations, which limits the understanding of the real-life context of consumers’ moral dilemma as well as their choices of animal-friendly products. More in-depth studies are needed to find situational factors that contribute to this complex psychological process. Keywords: consumer behavior; moral dilemma; meat; animal-friendly products; systematic review 1.