water Article Monitoring of Calcite Precipitation in Hardwater Lakes with Multi-Spectral Remote Sensing Archives Iris Heine 1,*, Achim Brauer 2, Birgit Heim 3, Sibylle Itzerott 1, Peter Kasprzak 4, Ulrike Kienel 2,5 and Birgit Kleinschmit 6 1 Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 1.4 Remote Sensing, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany;
[email protected] 2 Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 5.2 Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany;
[email protected] (A.B);
[email protected] (U.K.) 3 Alfred Wegener Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany;
[email protected] 4 Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology & Inland Fisheries, Alte Fischerhütte 2, OT Neuglobsow, 16775 Stechlin, Germany;
[email protected] 5 Institute for Geography and Geology, University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Street 16, 17487 Greifswald, Germany 6 Geoinformation in Environmental Planning Lab, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 145, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +49-331-288-1763; Fax: +49-331-288-1192 Academic Editor: Y. Jun Xu Received: 4 October 2016; Accepted: 13 December 2016; Published: 3 January 2017 Abstract: Calcite precipitation is a common phenomenon in calcium-rich hardwater lakes during spring and summer, but the number and spatial distribution of lakes with calcite precipitation is unknown. This paper presents a remote sensing based method to observe calcite precipitation over large areas, which are an important prerequisite for a systematic monitoring and evaluation of restoration measurements.