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DAN ELANG-ULAR BIDO (Spilornis Cheela Latham, 1790) DI SUAKA ELANG, CIGOMBONG, BOGOR, JAWA BARAT

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DAN ELANG-ULAR BIDO (Spilornis Cheela Latham, 1790) DI SUAKA ELANG, CIGOMBONG, BOGOR, JAWA BARAT PERILAKU BERBURU ELANG JAWA (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) DAN ELANG-ULAR BIDO (Spilornis cheela Latham, 1790) DI SUAKA ELANG, CIGOMBONG, BOGOR, JAWA BARAT PUTRI QUROTA AYUNI JURUSAN BIOLOGI FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2014 M/ 1436 H PERILAKU BERBURU ELANG JAWA (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) DAN ELANG-ULAR BIDO (Spilornis cheela Latham, 1790) DI SUAKA ELANG, CIGOMBONG, BOGOR, JAWA BARAT SKRIPSI Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sains Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta PUTRI QUROTA AYUNI NIM 1110095000038 JURUSAN BIOLOGI FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2014 M/1436 H PERILAKU BERBURU ELANG JAWA (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) DAN ELANG-ULAR BIDO (Spilornis cheela Latham, t790) DI SUAKA ELANG, CIGOMBONG, BOGOR, JAWA BARAT SKRIPSI Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sains Pada Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Oleh: Putri Ourota Avuni 1 1 10095000038 Menyetujui Pembimbing I Pembimbing II Drs. Paskal Sukandar. M.Si 969A3172003122001 NrP. 1 9s 1 1032519821 01 001 Mengetahui Ketua Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Tekonologi Dr. Dasumiati. M.Si NIP. 1 9730923 1999032002 PENGESAIIAN UJIAN Skripsi yang berjudul "Perilaku Berburu Elang Jawa (Nisaetus Bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) Dan Elang-Ular Bido (Spilornis Cheela Latham, 1790) Di Suaka Elang, Cigombong, Bogor, Jawa Barat" telah diuji dan dinyatakan lulus pada sidang Munaqosyah Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta pada hari Selasa, 23 Desember 2014. Skripsi ini telah diterima sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Strata Satu (Sl) Jurusan Biologi. Menyetujui, Penguji I Penguji II ?fifir,nr Priyanti. M.Si NIP. 1 9750 526 2000t2 2001 Pembimbing I Pembimbing II na^W"r(avanti. M.Si lPaskal Sukandar. M.Si 6903t7 200312200t NIP. 195 10325 1982101001 Mengetahui, Ketua Jurusan Biologi Fakultas S Teknologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Dr. DXsumiati. M.Si NIP. t9720816t99903 1003 NIP. 1 9730923t999032002 PERNYATAAN DENGAN INI SAYA MENYATAKAN BAHWA SKRIPSI INI ADALAH HASIL KARYA SENDIRI YANG BELUM PERNAH DIAJUKAN SEBAGAI SKRIPSI ATAU KARYA ILMIAH PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI ATAU LEMBAGA MANAPUN. Jakarta, Januari 2014 Putri Qurota Ayuni 1110095000038 ABSTRAK PUTRI QUROTA AYUNI. Perilaku Berburu Elang Jawa (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) dan Elang-ular bido (Spilornis cheela Latham, 1790) di Suaka Elang, Cigombong, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Di bawah bimbingan FAHMA WIJAYANTI dan PASKAL SUKANDAR. Perilaku berburu merupakan salah satu perilaku yang menentukan keberhasilan pelepasliaran elang yang direhabilitasi ke alam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku berburu Elang Jawa dan Elang-ular bido pada masa rehabilitasi di Suaka Elang. Metode yang digunakan adalah focal animal sampling dan ad libitum sampling, pengamatan dilakukan pada 08.00-16.00 WIB. Data yang dihasilkan dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menampilkan rata-rata lama waktu yang digunakan pada setiap aktivitas, grafik persentase penggunaan waktu setiap aktivitas dan frekuensi relatif setiap aktivitas. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, perilaku berburu Elang Jawa, Elang-ular bido Tasikmalaya dan Elang-ular bido Pongkor yang meliputi aktivitas mengamati mangsa, terbang mengejar mangsa, menangkap mangsa, berjalan, terbang membawa mangsa, mencabut rambut, mencabik, dan menelan di kandang rehabilitasi Suaka Elang masih menyerupai perilaku berburunya di alam. Elang-ular bido Pongkor merupakan individu yang perilaku berburunya paling baik dari kedua elang lainnya. Kata Kunci : Perilaku Berburu, Rahabilitasi, Elang Jawa, Elang-ular bido, Suaka Elang. i ABSTRACT PUTRI QUROTA AYUNI. Hunting Behavior of Javan Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) and Crested serpent eagle (Spilornis cheela) on Rehabilitation at Suaka Elang, Cigombong, Bogor, West Java. Supervised by FAHMA WIJAYANTI and PASKAL SUKANDAR. Hunting behavior was the one of behavior which can determine to release rehabilitated eagle into the wild. The purpose of this observation were to find out the hunted behavior of Javan Hawk-eagle and Crested serpent eagle in rehabilitation period at Suaka Elang. Focal animal sampling and ad libitum sampling methods were used and the observations scheduled at 8.00 am until 4.00 pm. The results were analyzed by descriptively and shown with a graphs average of duration in each activities, percentage of time usage in each activities and also the relative frequency of each activities. The result showed that hunting behavior of Javan Hawk-eagle, Crested serpent eagle Tasikmlaya and Crested serpent eagle Pongkor such as prey inspection, flying while hunting, walked, fetching their prey, flying with carrying prey, peeling off prey’s hair, tearing off their prey and swallowing at Suaka Elang seems like in the wild. Hunting behavior of Pongkor Crested serpent eagle was the best than the others. Keywords: Hunting Behavior, Rehabilitation, Javan Hawk-eagle, Crested serpent eagle, Suaka Elang. ii KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan atas kehadirat Allah SWT, karena berkat rahmat dan karunia-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul “Perilaku Berburu Elang Jawa (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) dan Elang- ular bido (Spilornis cheela Latham, 1790) di Suaka Elang, Cigombong, Bogor, Jawa Barat”. Shalawat serta Salam penulis haturkan kepada baginda Nabi Besar Muhammad SAW yang telah membawa kita (umatnya) dari zaman jahiliyah (kebodohan) ke zaman yang penuh ilmu pengetahuan seperti sekarang ini. Skripsi ini disusun untuk memenuhi syarat-syarat kelulusan guna memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sains pada Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi. Suatu pencapaian tidak terlepas dari dukungan serta bantuan orang- orang sekitar. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada: 1. Ytc. Kedua orang tua atas semangat, kepercayaan dan doa yang tiada henti, serta kakak-kakak dan adik yang senantiasa memberikan motivasi dan bantuan kepada penulis. 2. Dr. Agus Salim, M.Si selaku Dekan Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 3. Dr. Dasumiati, M.Si selaku Ketua Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah. 4. Dr. Fahma Wijayanti M.Si dan Drs. Paskal Sukandar M.Si selaku pembimbing dan dosen yang telah membimbing dan memberikan saran yang bermanfaat kepada penulis bagi kesempurnaan skripsi. iii 5. Para Dosen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta yang telah memberikan ilmu dan nasehatnya kepada penulis. 6. Kepala Balai Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak yang telah memberikan izin untuk melakukan penelitian di Kawasan Resort Salak I dan juga Kepala Resort Salak I berserta staf yang senantiasa memberikan bantuan dalam terlaksananya penelitian ini. 7. Pengurus lembaga konservasi Suaka Elang (Mas Gunawan, Kang Duduy, Kang Opink, Mang Jamrud) yang senantiasa memberikan bantuan dalam terlaksananya penelitian ini, serta menjadi teman diskusi dan memberikan saran dalam penulisan skripsi ini. 8. Ranti dan Nani sebagai teman seperjuangan yang membantu dalam memperoleh data di lapangan. 9. Sahabat terbaik Chaca, Jane, Farida, Wenni, Muflih dan Dina yang senantiasa membantu dan selalu memberikan semangat dalam penulisan skripsi ini. 10. Seluruh teman-teman Jurusan Biologi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 11. Seluruh teman-teman Kelompok Pengamat Primata (KPP) Tarsius. Penulis memohon maaf apabila dalam pembuatan skripsi ini terdapat kesalahan penulisan huruf, nama, gelar dan lainnya. Semoga skripsi ini dapat dijadikan referensi sebagai pembelajaran dan bermanfaat bagi pembaca. iv Jakarta, Januari 2014 Penulis v DAFTAR ISI Halaman ABSTRAK.................................................................................................. i ABSTRACT................................................................................................ ii KATA PENGANTAR................................................................................ iii DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................... vi DAFTAR GAMBAR.................................................................................. viii DAFTAR TABEL....................................................................................... x DAFTAR LAMPIRAN............................................................................... xi BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang..................................................................... 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah................................................................ 3 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian.................................................................. 3 1.4 Manfaat Penelitian................................................................ 3 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1 Elang Jawa............................................................................ 4 2.1.1 Biologi Elang Jawa...................................................... 4 2.1.2 Habitat Elang Jawa…………...................................... 5 2.1.3 Perilaku Elang Jawa ................................................... 6 2.1.4 Penyebaran Elang Jawa………………………........... 9 2.1.5 Sumber Pakan Elang Jawa........................................... 9 2.1.6 Sarang Elang Jawa....................................................... 9 2.2 Elang Ular-bido…………………………............................ 10 2.2.1 Biologi Elang
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