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Species Composition and Abundance of Rodents in Kafta-Sheraro National Park, Ethiopia: Preliminary Results

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Species Composition and Abundance of Rodents in Kafta-Sheraro National Park, Ethiopia: Preliminary Results PLATINUM The Journal of Threatened Taxa (JoTT) is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles online OPEN ACCESS every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of artcles in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication Species composition and abundance of rodents in Kafta-Sheraro National Park, Ethiopia: preliminary results Alembrhan Assefa & Chelmala Srinivasulu 26 April 2019 | Vol. 11 | No. 6 | Pages: 13680–13689 DOI: 10.11609/jot.4604.11.6.13680-13689 For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies, and Guidelines visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints, contact <[email protected]> The opinions expressed by the authors do not refect the views of the Journal of Threatened Taxa, Wildlife Informaton Liaison Development Society, Zoo Outreach Organizaton, or any of the partners. The journal, the publisher, the host, and the part- Publisher & Host ners are not responsible for the accuracy of the politcal boundaries shown in the maps by the authors. Partner Member Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 April 2019 | 11(6): 13680–13689 Species composition and abundance of rodents in Communication Kafta-Sheraro National Park, Ethiopia: preliminary results ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) Alembrhan Assefa 1 & Chelmala Srinivasulu 2 ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) PLATINUM 1,2 Wildlife Biology & Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India. OPEN ACCESS 2 Systematcs, Ecology & Conservaton Laboratory, Zoo Outreach Organizaton (ZOO), No 12, Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampat-Kalapat Road, Saravanampat, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract: An ecological survey was conducted to assess the species compositon and abundance of rodents in Kafa-Sheraro Natonal Park, Ethiopia from June 2017 to April 2018 covering wet and dry seasons. Rodents were trapped using Sherman live traps from fve selected habitat types—natural forest, bushland, grassland, farmland, and human setlement. A total of 209 individuals of rodents belonging to seven species were captured over 2940 trap nights, and three species of rodents were only observed. The trapped rodent species include Mastomys natalensis, Stenocephalemys albipes, Ratus ratus, Mastomys awashensis, Acomys cahirinus, Arvicanthis nilotcus dembeensis, and Mastomys erythroleucus. Lemniscomys striatus, Hystrix cristata, and Xerus rutlus were only sighted during the study. Mastomys natalensis was the most abundant species (41.1%), followed by Stenocephalemys albipes (26.3%) and Ratus ratus (18.2%), whereas Mastomys erythroleucus (1.4%) was the least abundant species. The abundance of female (59.8%) was higher than male (40.2%). Of the total trapped rodents, 52.2% were adults, 32% sub-adult and 15.8% young. The abundance of rodents was varied among habitat types and between seasons. The results of the study revealed that the park has diverse species of fauna including rodents. Keywords: Diversity, Horn of Africa, Rodenta, Tigray Region. DOI: htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.4604.11.6.13680-13689 | ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B1C4EEF4-0375-419E-A449-1413D643B2DC Editor: Giovanni Amori, CNR - Insttute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, Rome, Italy. Date of publicaton: 26 April 2019 (online & print) Manuscript details: #4604 | Received 02 October 2018| Final received 02 April 2019 | Finally accepted 09 April 2019 Citaton: Assefa, A. & C. Srinivasulu (2019). Species compositon and abundance of rodents in Kafa-Sheraro Natonal Park, Ethiopia: preliminary results. Journal of Threatened Taxa 11(6): 13680–13689. htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.4604.11.6.13680-13689 Copyright: © Assefa & Srinivasulu 2019. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of this artcle in any medium by adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Funding: The major funding for carrying out this research was granted by the Government of Ethiopia and Adigrat University. Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests. Author Details: Alembrhan Assefa is PhD student at Department of Zoology, Osmania University, India and is working on diversity and ecology of small mammals in Kafa-Sheraro Natonal Park, Tigray region, Ethiopia. Chelmala Srinivasulu is the head of Wildlife Biology and Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Osmania University, India and is working on diversity and taxonomy of vertebrates in South Asia. Author Contributon: AA conceived, designed and conducted the feldwork. CS supervised the research. Both the authors wrote the manuscript. Acknowledgements: Our special thanks to the Head, Department of Zoology, Osmania University, India for the facilites, and Ethiopian Government for Research Fellowship to AA. We acknowledge the Ethiopian Wildlife Conservaton Authority for permission to work in Kafa-Sheraro Natonal Park, and also Adigrat University for fnancial support and laboratory facilites. We also acknowledge the managerial and feld staf of the Kafa-Sheraro Natonal Park for support during the feld work. 13680 Rodents in Kafa-Sheraro Natonal Park Assefa & Srinivasulu INTRODUCTION located in the lowland part of western and northwestern Tigray regional state known for the highest peak of the Globally, rodents are the most diverse and abundant country—Siemen Mountain, Ras Dashn. The alttudinal group of mammals. Over 32 extant families, 468 genera range of KSNP is between 568m and 1,163m with an and 2,277 species of rodents are recognized throughout average elevaton of 870m. The natonal park was the world, which represents 42% of the mammalian formerly established as Shire Wildlife Reserve area species (Wilson & Reeder 2005; Wolf & Sherman in 1968 and recognized as a natonal park in 2007 to 2007). Similarly, in eastern Africa rodents are the most safeguard the African Elephant and other biological abundant and numerous, which account for 28% of the resources. Initally the total area of the protected area total recognized species of mammals (Afework 1996; was 5,000km2 but currently, an area of 2,176.43km2 has Kingdon 1997). Ethiopia is among the countries with a been accorded protected area recogniton. The natonal high resource of biodiversity and endemism due to its park is bordered with three districts of the region; on the wide variaton in alttude ranges, geographical positons west is Kafa-Humera, on the east Tahtay-Adyabo, and and climatc conditons (Leykun 2000; Lavrenchenko on the south Welkayit. Eritrea borders the northern part et al. 2007). A total of 320 mammalian species were of the natonal park. The agro-climate of the natonal recorded in Ethiopia, of which 84 species are rodents park is identfed with warmer temperature inclined to with 21% endemic (Afework 1996; Lavrenchenko et al. semi-arid climate. The natonal park is characterized by 2007). a uni-modal type of rainfall regime with one wet season Rodents are successful mammals in every contnent and one dry season. It receives an annual average and able to exploit wide ranges of habitat types (Lange rainfall of 600mm, and high rainfall is during the wet et al. 2004; Workneh et al. 2006). Habitat structure, season from the middle of May to the beginning of disturbance, and other important environmental factors September. The average monthly temperature of the afect the distributon patern and abundance of rodents natonal park ranges from 18OC to 37.5OC. KSNP consists (Tadesse & Afework 2008; Demeke & Afework 2014). of spectacular topographic features that support diverse The knowledge on global distributon and diversity fora and fauna. The vegetaton of the natonal park of mammals are not complete, especially so for small belongs to Combretum-Terminalia, Acacia-Commiphora, mammals including rodents, insectvores, and bats, savanna grassland, and riparian woodlands type. KSNP as many taxa are stll being discovered (Kingdon 1997; is a host for 42 species of mammals, 200 species of birds, Wilson & Reeder 2005). Many investgatons were nine species of reptle, and various unstudied species conducted to study the distributon and abundance of diferent animals and plants (Ethiopian Wildlife of rodents in diferent parts of Ethiopia (Messele & Conservaton Authority 2015). Afework 2012; Adugnaw & Messele 2016). Many areas of the country, mainly the northern highlands and Grid design and trapping lowlands, are underexplored due to the remoteness, Before the feld survey, rodent collecton permission inaccessibility, harsh conditons, and politcal instability was acquired from Ethiopian Wildlife Conservaton in protected areas such as Kafa-Sheraro Natonal Park Authority, Government of Ethiopia, and a preliminary (KSNP), Dessa’a Natonal Priority Forest Area and other
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