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China – CHN33851 – Jiangsu Province – ‘House Churches’ – Public Security Bureau (PSB)

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Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: CHN33851 Country: China Date: 27 October 2008 Keywords: China – CHN33851 – Jiangsu Province – ‘House Churches’ – Public Security Bureau (PSB) This response was prepared by the Research & Information Services Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. This research response may not, under any circumstance, be cited in a decision or any other document. Anyone wishing to use this information may only cite the primary source material contained herein. Questions 1. Please provide information on the treatment of local church groups in Jiangsu province. 2. Do PSB officers detain known/suspected members of local house churches? 3. What is the government’s current attitude towards local house churches generally? RESPONSE The term ‘house church’ in China is generally a reference for small Protestant, and sometimes Catholic, congregations who meet privately in apartments or houses. The state- approved Protestant religious organization is the Three-Self Patriotic Movement/China Christian Council (TSPM/CCC). ‘House churches’ are reportedly attended by people who are disillusioned with the amount of state interference with “official” churches; particularly the fact that “TSPM/CCC puts submission to the CCP [Chinese Communist Party] over submission to God”. According to the US Department of State, Public Security Bureau (PSB) and Religious Affairs Bureau (RAB) officials monitor unregistered facilities and “unregistered groups are more vulnerable to coercive and punitive state action” (US Department of State 2008, International Religious Freedom Report for 2008 – China, 19 September – Attachment 1; for information on the inception of the ‘underground church’, see: ‘The Underground Church’ (undated), China Aid Association (CAA) website http://chinaaid.org/persecution/the-underground-church/ – Accessed 27 October 2008 – Attachment 2). 1 1. Please provide information on the treatment of local “family” church groups in Jiangsu province. As a means of illustrating the geographical location of Jiangsu Province in relation to greater China, two maps appear below sourced from the Province’s official website, Jiangsu.Net. The first illustrates Jiangsu’s location within greater China; the second illustrates the regions within Jiangsu Province, and the Provinces which surround Jiangsu. (‘Jiangsu in China’ (undated), Jiangsu.Net website http://www.jiangsu.net/map/regions/jschina.php – Accessed 27 October 2008 – Attachment 3). (‘Jiangsu and its neighbors’ (undated), Jiangsu.Net website http://www.jiangsu.net/map/regions/jsneighbor.php – Accessed 27 October 2008 – Attachment 4). 2 The China Aid Association (CAA), a US-based non-government organisation (NGO) which advocates for religious freedom in China, produces annual reports and regular press releases “focusing especially on the unofficial church”. Below is a selection of press releases by the CAA, illustrating police raids of local house/family church meetings within Jiangsu Province during the past two years: • 16 May 2006: CAA also learned at 1:30pm on May 10, 11 pastors and house church leaders were arrested at #3 Chuyuan Residence Region, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province. Aproximately 60 house church believers were engaged in a bible study at Pastor Cai Zhirong’s house when the raid occurred. According to an eyewitness report, the PSB officers used electric shock batons to beat those believers who refused to be taken away because the police didn’t have an arrest warrant. After 10 hours of intensive interrogation, all 11 pastors including South Korean Pastor Cui Rongbo (Korean name unavailable) along with his two translators Pastor Cai Zhirong and Pastor Wu Changle were released. However, on May 11, South Korean Pastor Cui was taken away again by the Chinese authority and ordered to leave China within 48 hours. Pastor Cui left China on May 13 (‘Multiple Arrests Occurred in Shandong and Jiangsu; One South Korea Missionary Expelled from China; Prominent Chinese Legal Scholar Banned to Go Abroad’ 2006, China Aid Association website, 16 May http://chinaaid.org/2006/05/16/multiple-arrests-occurred-in-shandong-and-jiangsu-one-south- korea-missionary-expelled-from-china-prominent-chinese-legal-scholar-banned-to-go-abroad/ – Accessed 23 October 2008 – Attachment 15). • 8 February 2007: …the local police from Shanghuang Township, Suyang City, Jiangsu Province, along with officials from Suyang Religious Bureau and National Security Protection Squad under Suyang Police Bureau, raided a Christian prayer meeting of over twenty believers held in the home of Tan Jianwei, No.15, Gangxi Village, Shanghuang Town. While the Christians were engaged in prayer, the police interrupted the meeting without showing ID. The police took individual pictures of these Christians and asked them to write their names for identification purposes. The Christians who refused to write their names were subsequently beaten. Without a search warrant, the police searched the house of Tan Jianwei, singling out and confiscating his Christian books without leaving a record of the books confiscated. Tan Jianwei (male, 36 years old), his wife Qin Qing and another lady named Yin Yanling (42 years old) were taken to Shanghuang Town Police Station for interrogation without a summons. The police forced Tan Jianwei, his wife and Yin Yanling to write a promise to cease holding religious activities in Tan Jianwei’s house on threat of criminal detention and severe beatings. Five people directed this raid: Peng Luzhong, head of the National Security Protection Squad under Suyang police bureau，policeman Zhang Weifeng, policemen from Shanghuang police station, Zhong Linjun (ID 059442), Bi Qingxi (ID 058869), and Lu from Suyang religion Bureau (‘House Church Prayer Meeting Raided in Jiangsu Province’ 2007, China Aid Association website, 8 February http://chinaaid.org/2007/02/08/house-church-prayer-meeting-raided-in-jiangsu-province/ – Accessed 23 October 2008 – Attachment 16). • 9 May 2007: CAA has learned that house church members Cui Chengnan and Liu Riguo in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province have filed an application for administrative reconsideration and demand that the Kunshan Municipal People’s Government rule that the compulsory administrative measure taken by the respondent (Kunshan Municipal Public Security Bureau) is illegal and return all the items and the donated money confiscated during its raid on the house church. The house was raided by 20-some policemen from Kunshan Municipal Public Security Bureau on April 29, 2007. The policemen declared their meeting “an illegal assembly” and confiscated their notebook computer, projector, DVD player, stereo, microphone, Bibles and 3 other materials and items. They also took away the donation box after failing to break it open. The applicants’ demands are backed by quotations from the existing Chinese laws. The compulsory administrative measure by Kunshan PSB is a result of misinterpretation of the law of the state as both Article 36 from the Chinese Constitution and Article 2 of “Regulations on Religious Affairs” of the State Council state that the Chinese citizens have the right to enjoy the freedom of religious belief. The compulsory administrative measure taken on the ground that the applicants were engaging in “an illegal assembly” is a violation of the basic principles of the state’s policies on religion. Lastly, the applicants believe that the respondent violated the legal procedure in the raid as they failed to present their proper identifications that authorize their law enforcement and that they gave the applicants a list of confiscated items two days after the raid. China Aid urges the Jiangsu authority to return the illegally confiscated church properties and stop harassing these peaceful religious gatherings (‘Raided House Church Christians in Jiangsu Fight Against PSB Abuses; House Churches in Four other Provinces Clamped Down’ 2007, China Aid Association website, 9 May http://chinaaid.org/2007/05/09/raided-house-church-christians-in-jiangsu-fight-against-psb- abuses-house-churches-in-four-other-provinces-clamped-down/ – Accessed 23 October 2008 – Attachment 17). • 9 December 2007: Police also raided a house church meeting in Kunshan, Jiangsu province on April 29, declaring the meeting an “illegal assembly” and confiscating a notebook computer, data projector and other equipment. House church members Cui Chengnan and Liu Riguo filed a protest application, claiming the charge of holding an “illegal assembly” was a violation of the state’s policies on religion (Page, S. 2007, ‘China cracks down on rights ahead of Beijing Olympics’, China Aid Association website (source: Compass Direct News), 9 December http://chinaaid.org/2007/12/09/china-cracks-down-on-rights-ahead-of-beijing- olympics/ – Accessed 27 October 2008 – Attachment 18). • 19 July 2007: Vacation Bible School for 150 Children Attacked in Jiangsu Province CAA also learned that at 4 pm on July 11, Zhongzhuang House Church in Jianhu City, Jiangsu Province, suffered persecution. According to eyewitness reports, while the church was conducting a VBS named “Harmony Express,” the county government, the Public Security Bureau (PSB), and the Committee of Three-Self Patriotic Movement (TSPM), along with policemen, sent 10 vehicles.
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