1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.SENATE. 1717
By 1\ir. McCALL of Massachusetts: Resolutions of the Central tration treaty with Great Britain; which was ordered to lie on Labor Union of Boston, Mass., favoring the passage of immigra the table. tion laws-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. He also presented the petition of Henry C. Hamill, publisher of Also, resolution of the Boston Stationers' Association, favoring the Alpena Pioneer, of Alpena, Mie.h., praying for the passage of a dry dock at Boston, Mass.-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. House bill No. 4566, to amend the postal laws Telating to second Also, petition of F. Stanhope Hill, of Cambridge, Mass., favor class mail matter; which was referred to the Committee on Post , able to the Loud bill (H. R. 4566)-to the Committee on the Post Offices and Post-Roads. Office and Post-Roads. Mr. THURSTON presented the petitions of Robert Good, pub By Mr. McLAURIN: Petition of S. H. Brown, of Bennettsville, lisher of the Democrat, of Valentine; ofF. M. Kimmell, publisher of S.C., favoring the passage of House bill No. 4566, amending the th~ McCook Tribune, of McCook, and of F. T. Pierce, publisher of postal laws-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. theJefferson County Record, of Diller, all in the State of Nebraska, By Mr. PAYNE: Sundry petitions of George L. Warren and44 praying for the passage of House bill No. 45G6, to amend the postal other citizens of Cortland; Ira Carl and 65 others, of Weedport; laws relating to second-class mail matter; which were referred to' 0. L. Bacon and 43 others, of Canandaigua; A. L. Foote and 10 the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. others; Charles T. Saxton and 45 others, of Clyde; T. J. Meade, of Mr. ALLEN presented the petitions of Frank T. Pierce, pub Victor; C. H. Bingham and 20 others; D. S. Chamberlain and 40 lisher of the Jefferson County RecoTd~ of Diller; of Francis M. others; William H. Seward and others, all of the State of New Kimmell, publisher of the 1\IcCook Tribune, of McCook; of Robert . York, recommending the passage of House bill No. 10090, to Good, publisher of the Democrat, of Valentine; of Clark Pe1·kins, abolish ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and For publisher of the Republican, of St. Paul, and of the Builders and eign Commerce. Trl!>ders' Exchange, of Omaha~ all in the State of Nebraska, pray-, By Mr. RUSSELL of Connecticut: Petition of the Woman's ing for thB passage of House bill No. 4566, to amend the postal Christian Temperance Union of Pawtucket, Conn., urging the pas laws relating to second-class mail matter; which were referred to sage of House bill No. 7441, known as the antigambling bill-to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. · the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. He also presented a petition of the Commercial Club, of Omaha, Also, petition of the Woman's Christian Temperance.Union of ~ebr., and a petition of representatives of the Religious Society Pawtucket., Conn., favoring House bill No. 3203, known as the of Friends for Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and D elaware~ praying Broderick.bill:-to the Committee on the Judiciary. for the ratification of the pending arbitration t~eaty with Great· Also, resolutions of the .Middletown (Conn.) Scientific Associa Britain; which were ordered to lie on the table. tion, protesting against the passage of Senate bill No. 1552, for the He also presented a petition of the Woman's G"1lristian Temper further prevention of cruelty to animals in the District of Colum ance Unionof Neligh, Nebr., praying for the enactment of legis bia-to the Committee on the District of Columbia. lation prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors in the CapitoJJ By Mr. RUSK: Memorial of the Supreme Lo-dge of the Im buildin'.! ; which was ordered to lie on the table. proved Order B'nai B'rith, of Baltimore, Md., relating to immi He also presented a petition of the Woman's Christian Temper gration-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. ance Union of Neligh, Nebr., praying for the enactment of legis By Mr. SORG: Resolutions of the San Francisco Labor Coun lation to raise the age of consent to 18 years in the District of cil, for the proper identification of all prison-made goods-to the Columbia and the Territories; which was referred to the Com Committee on Labor. mittee on the District of Columbia. By Mr. CHARLES W. STONE: Remonstrance of citizens of He also presented a petition of the Board of Trade of Omaha, Polk, Pa., against the passage of the bill, H. R. 4566, known as Nebr., praying for the passage of House bill No. 10090, to abolish the Loud bill, to amend the postal laws-to the Committee on the ticket brokerage; which was referred io the Committee on Inter Post-Office and Post-Roads. state Commerce. By Mr. WANGER: Petition of Alfred Paschall & Co., of He also :Qresented a memorial of the Sarsfield Club, of New Doylestown, Pa., favoring the passage of House bill No. 4566, to Yor:k Ci~y~ remonstr~ting against. _tl?-e ra~cation of the pending amend the postal!aws relating to second-class mail matter-to the arbitration treaty with Gieat Bntam; wh1ch was ordered to lie Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. on the table. By Mr. WOODARD: Petition of JamesDavis,ofLenoirCounty, Mr. BERRY presented a memorial of sundry citizens of Little N.C.~ asking reference of his war claim to the Court of Claims Rock, Ark., remonstrating against the passage of House bill No. under the act of March 3, 1883-to the Committee on War Claims. 4566, to amend the postal laws relating to second-class mail mat ter; which was referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. SENATE. Mr. SHERMAN presented a petition of sundry citizens of Co lumbus, Ohio, pr~ying fo~ t~e enactment of legisla~o"? regulating THURSDAY, February 11, 1897. fraternal benefiCiary societies, orders, and assom.ations; which was ordered to lie on the table. · Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. The Vice-President being absent, the President pro tep1pore took He also p~esente~ a memorial of sundry ci~ens of Findlay, Ohio, remonstrating agamst the passage of House bill No. 4566, to amend the chair. the postal laws relating to second-class mail matter; which was The Secretat·y proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's pro referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. ceedings, when, on motion of Mr. STEWART, and by unanimous He also presented the petition of George Gosline, publisher of consent, the further reading was dispensed with. the Press, of Oak Harbor, Ohio, praying for the passage of House The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Journal will stand ap bill No. 4566, to amend the postal laws relating to second-class pi·oved, without objection. mail matter; which was referred to the Committee on Post-Offices PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. and Post-Roads. . The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented a petition of the Bos He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Union City .ton (Mass.) 1\Iarine Society, praying for the establishment of a Ind., praying for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the sal~ department of commerce and manufactures; which was referred of intoxicating liquors in the Capitol building; which was ordered to the Committee on Commerce. to lie on the table. He also presented a petition of the Association of the Sons and ·Mr. MORRILL presented a petition of the Woman's Christian Daughters of .Maine, praying that the Library of Congress be opened Temperance Union of Delta, Ohio, and a petition of sundt·y citi to the public from 9 a. m. to 10 p.m., Sundays and legal holidays zens _of. ¥assachusetts, pra~g ~or tJ:le ena
1718 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD_:_SENATE. FEBRUARY 11,
He also presented petitions of the George Bohner Company, of ter; which were referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Chicago; of the Garden City Wire and Spring Company, of Chi Post-Roads. cago, and of Theodore Schrader & Co., of Chicago, all in the State He also_presented a petition of Cape Ann Assembly, No. 74, of Illinois, praying for the passage of the so-called Torrey bank Royal So01ety of Q-ood Fellows, of Gloucester, Mass., praying for ruptcy bill; which were ordered to lie on the table. the enactment of legislation regulating fraternal beneficiary socie He also presented petitions of Morgan & Wright and employees, ties, orders, and associations; which was ordered to lie on the of Chicago; of members of the Third Unitarian Church, of Chicago; table. of the First Unitarian Church, of Evanston; of the Preachers' Mr. TURPIE presented a memorial of the Shamrock Club, of Association of Danville; of Dr. Samuel Willard, of Chicago, and Fort Wayne, Ind., remonstrating against the ratification of the of the Ministers' Union of Plymouth, all in the State of Illinois; pending arbitration treaty with Great Britain; which was ordered of the State Bar Association of New York, and of the representa to lie on the table. tives of the Religious Society of Friends of Pennsylvania, New He also presented the petition of Henry B. White and sundry Jersey, and Delaware, praying for the ratification of the pending other members of the Western Grove Church, of Hancock, Ill., arbitration treaty with Great Britain; which were ordered to lie and a petition of the German Temperance Union of Bern, Ind., on the table. praying for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the sale of He also presented a memorial of sundry citizen.s of Mound City intoxicating liquors in the Capitol building; which were ordered · and Prophetstown, in the State of Dlinois, remonstrating against to lie on the table. the passage of the so-called Loud bill, relating to second-class mail He also presented a petition of the legislature of Indiana, pray matter; which was referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and ing for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the sale of cigar Post-Roads. ettes; which was referred to the Committee on Education and He also presented the petition of William Wilson, publisher of Labor. the Leader, of Walnut, Ill., and a petit~on of the G. H. Abbott Mr. GEAR presented the petition of C. N. Marion, publisher of Company, of New York City, prayin~ for the passage of House the Sen~el , of Shenandoah, Iowa, praying for the passage of bill No. 4566, to amend the postal laws relating to second-class House·b1ll No. 4566, to amend the postal laws relating to second mail matter; which were referred to the Committee on Post-Offices class mail matter; which was referred to the Committee on Post and Post-Roads. Offices and Post-Roads. He also presented a petition of the representative officers of He also presented a petition of the Springdale Quarterly Meet- · labor organizations of New York and Brooklyn, N.Y., praying ing of Friends, of West Branch, Iowa, praying for the ratification • I that the services of John Pope Hodnett, claimed to have been ren of the pending arbitration treaty with Great Britain; which was dered under the direct-ion of Congress, be properly recognized and ordered to lie on the table. - . . remunerated; which was referred to the Committee on Education He also presented a petition of the Monthly Meeting of Friends, and Labor. ' of Smyrna, Iowa, praying for the enactment of legislation to raise He also presented a petition of the Young People's Society of the age of consent to 18 years in the District of Columbia and the Christian Endeavor of the Congregational Church, of Jacksonville, Territories; which was referred to the Committee on the District m., praying for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the sale of Columbia. of intoxicating liquors in the Capitol building; for the enactment He also presented the petitions of Mrs. F. A. Field McCauley; of a Sunday-rest law for the District of Columbia; to raise the age of of members of the Bear Creek Monthly Meeting of Friends, of protect-ion to 18 years in the District of Columbia and the Terri J?exter; of the Christian Endeavor Society of the Stark Congrega tories, and to prohibit interstate gambling by telegraph! telephone, tiOnal Church, of Stark, and of the Young People's Society of or otherwise; which was referred to the Committee on the District Christian Endeavor of the First Presbyterian Church, of Council of Columbia. Bluffs, all in the State of Iowa, and a petition of the Christian Mr. VOORHEES presented a petition of the legislature of Indi Endeavor Society of East Fishkill, N.Y., praying for the enact ana, praying for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the sale ment of legislation prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors in of cigarettes; which was referred to the Committee on Education the Capitol building; which were ordered to lie on the table. and Labor. He also presented petitions of members of the Asbury Metho He also presented a petition of the officers of the Mennonite dist Church; of members of the Pilgrim Congregational Church; Book Concern of the General Conference of North America, of of members of the East Side Christian Church, and of the Willard Bern, Ind., praying for the enactment of legislation prohibiting and Brookmuller unions of the Woman's Christian Temperance the sale of intoxicating liquors in the Capitol building; which was Union, all in the State of Iowa, praying for the enactment of legis ordered to lie on the table. . lation prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors in any Govern He also presented a petition of the Woman's Christian Tem ment building; to prevent the nullification of State antigambling perance Union of Richmond, Ind., praying for the enactment of laws; to raise the age of protection to 18 years in the District of legislation prohibiting interstate gambling by telegraph, tele Columbia and the Territories, and to restore the former Sabbath phone, or otherwise; to raise the age of consent to 18 years in the law of the District of Columbia; which were referred to the Com District of Columbia and the Territories; to restore to the national mittee on the District of Columbia. capital its law against Sunday traffic; to suppress the sale of Mr. PERKINS presented a petition of the Board of Trade of intoxicating beverages in all Government buildings, and to pro Okland, Cal., praying for the passage of the so-called Torrey bank hibit the sale of intoxicating liquors in the Capitol building; ruptcy bill; which was ordered to lie on the table. which was ordered to lie on the table. Mr.-BACON presented a II!.emorial of sundry citizens of Augusta, He also presented the petitions of R. MeN eill, publisher of the Ga., remonstrating against the passage of the so-called Grout bill, Owen County Democrat, of Spencer, Ind.; of Charles B. Jamison, prohibiting the importation of oleomargarine; which was ordered general secretary of the Young Men's Christian Association, of to lie on the table. Terre Haute, Ind., and of the G. H. Abbott Company, publishers Mr. MITCHELL-of Wisconsin presented the petitions of John of the Cloak and Suit Review, of New York, N. Y., praying for F. Cavaugh, publisherof the Weekly Courier, of ClearLake; of In the passage of the so-called Loud bill, relating to second-class gram & Goodrich, publishers of the Entering Wedge, of Durand, mail matter; which were referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and of A. S. Roethe, publisher of the Highland Press, all in the and Post-Roads. State of Wisconsi~, praying for the passage of House bill No. He also presented a memorial of the Shamrock Club, of Fort 4566, to amend the postal laws relating to second-class mail mat Wayne, Ind., remonstrating against the ratification of the pending ter; which were referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and arbitration treaty with Great Britain; which was ordered to lie Post-Roads. on the table. He also presented a memorial of sundry citizens of Milwaukee, He also presented petitions of members of the First Mennonite Wis., remonstrating against the passage of the so-called Loud bill, Church of Berne, Ind.; of the faculty of Wabash College, Craw relating to second-class mail matter; which was referred to the fordsville, Ind.; of the representatives of the Religious Society of Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. rriends of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware, and of the ·Mr. TILLMAN presented a petition of the Chamber of Com State Bar Association of New York, praying for the ratification merce of Charleston, S. C., praying for the ratification of the of the pending arbitration treaty with Great Britain; which were pending treaty with Great Britain; which was ordered to lie on ordered to lie on the table. the table. Mr. LODGE presented a petition of the Park Street Church Mr. NELSON presented the petition of L. Erickson and sundry Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor, of Boston, Mass., other citizens of !sante County, Mich., praying for the establish praying for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the sale of ment of postal savings banks; which was referred to the Commit intoxicating liquors in the Capitol building; which was ordered tee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. to lie on the table. REPORTS · OF COMMITTEES. He also presented the petition of John B. Wright, publisher Mr. VEST. I report back from the Committee on Commerce, of the Evening Gazette, of Haverhill, Mass., and the petition of with the recommendation that it_be indefinitely postponed, the Henry G. Rowe, publisher of the North Adams Transcript, of bill (H. R. 9736) authorizing the construction of a bridge across North Adams, Mass., praying for the passage of House bill No. the Columbia River in the State of Washington. I wish to state 4566, to amend the postal laws relating to second-class mail mat- that this identical bill, word for word, was passed by both Houses 1897. ·_ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SE-NATE. 1719 of Con~ess and approved by the President. The House of Rep Indian Territory, and for other·purposes, to report it favorably resentatives again passed the same bill and sent ~there. without amendment, and to ask its immediate consideration. . The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be postponed The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be read for the indefinitely. information of·the Senate. Mr. CHANDLER from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to The Secretary proceeded to read the bill. whom was referred the bill (H. R. 4178) providing for the use by Mr. HALE. I ask the Senator from Massachusetts to let the the United States of devices covered by letters patent, reported it bill lie over a day, because another committee has been considering with an amendment. the proposition and perhaps an amendment will be proposed. Mr. McMILLAN, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom Mr. HOAR. They are ready to move the amendment. was referred the bill (H. R. 853) providing for the erection of .a Mr. HALE. Very well, if the committee are ready to move it. light-house at Orient Point, Long Island, New York, reported It Mr. HOAR. Let the bill be read for information. · without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. Mr. HALE. Is the Senator ready to move the amendment this He also, from the Committee on the District of Columbia, re morning? · ported an amendment intended to be proposed to ~he District Mr. PLATT. Yes; it is simply to provide for two additional appropriation bill; which was referred to the Comnnttee on Ap- judges. propriations, and ordered to be printed. · Mr. HALE. That is all right. I do not object to that. I did l\1r. BURROWS, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was not know the Senator was ready to propose the amendment. . referred the bill (H. R. 3294) for the relief of officers and crews The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The reading will be proceeded of the U. S. gunboats Kineo and Ohocu1·a, submitted an adverse with. report thereon; which was agreed to, and the bill was postponed The Secretary resumed and concluded the reading of the bill. indefinitely. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres Mr. NELSON, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was ent consideration of the bill? referred the amendment submitted by Mr. DAVIS on the 29th Mr. BERRY. I should like to ask the Senator from Massachu ultimo; reported it with amendments, and moved that it be setts a question, as I did not catch the reading exactly. Does the printed and referred, with the accompanying report, to the Com bill designate the point where the judge shall hold court in the mittee on Appropriations; which was agreed to. Territory? Mr. WALTHALL, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to Mr. HOAR. . That is to be determined by the court of appeals. - whom was referred the amendment submitted by Mr. PAsco on Mr. PLATT. There ought to be two additional judges there the 9th instant, intended to be proposed to the sundry civil appro instead of one. priation bill, reported favorably thereon, and moved that it be re The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres ferred to the Committee on Appropriations and printed; which ent consideration of the bill? was agreed to. There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the Mr. Hil.JL, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. refe~Ted the bill (S. 3538) to amend section. 8 of the act.of Con Mr. PLATT. I move to amend the bill, in line 4, by striking out, gress entitled "An act to establish a court of appeals for the Dis after the word" Senate," the word" an" and inserting the word trict of Columbia, and for other purposes," approved February 9, "two," and after the word " additional," in the same line, by strik 1893, reported it with an amendment. ing out the word " judge" and inserting the word "judges;)' so as Mr. GALLINGER, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom to read "two additional judges." was referred the bill (H. R. 446) to increase the pension of Julia Mr. HOAR. I think that ought to be done. There are 400,000 H. H. Crosby, reported it without amendment, and submitted a inhabitants, or thereabouts, to be dealt with. report thereon. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on the amend Mr. CLARK, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was ment proposed by the Senator from Connecticut. referred the bill (S. 2599) to amend-section 5399 and section 5406 Mr. HILL. I hope the Senator from Connecticut will not in of the Revised Statutes of the United States, in relation to un sist upon that amendment. We had this question before the Judi lawful interferenee with justice, reported it without amendment. ciary Committee th-is morning, and the committee decided upon Mr. HAWLEY, from theCommitteeonMilitary Affairs, to whom an increase of one judge. Some suggestions were made about an was referred the bill (H. R. 8443) to amend section 4878 of the other judge. It strikes me that if the amendment is pressed the Revised Statutes, relating to burials in national cemeteries, re matter should go before the Judiciary Committee. ported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. Mr. HOAR. The Senator will pardon me. He also, from the same committee. to whom was referred the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senat-or from New bill (H. R. 7320) to prevent trespassing upon and providing for York yield to the Senator from Massachusetts? the protection of national military parks, reported it with an Mr. HILL. Certainly. amendment, and submitted a report thereon. - . Mr. HOAR. The Committee on Indian Affairs have considered Mr. WARREN, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to this matter carefully, and they think, and I entirely agree with whom was referred the bill (H. R. 3926) to correct the war record them, that there should be two additional judges, although the of David Sample, reported it without amendment; and submitted Judiciary Com:rp.ittee determined upon but one. But that will a report thereon. make some delay necessary, and my plan was, after the Senator Mr. PALMER, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom had made his amendment or proposed it, to have the bill laid aside was referred the bill (S. 588) for the relief of William H. Hugo, for further consideration and call it up at a later day. reported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. Mr. HILL. I would rather have it laid aside before the amend Mr. COCKRELL, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to ment is made. whom was referred the bill (H. R. 6417) to complete the military Mr. HOAR. Very well; let the amendment be moved and record of CalebL. Jackson, reported it without amendment, and pending. submitted a report thereon. Mr. HILL. Yes; that is all right. Mr. HOAR, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was Mr. HOAR. Then let the bill be laid aside for the present. referred the bill (S. 3628) to provide for the revision and codifica Mr. PLATT. I wish to say one word, if the Senator from New tion of the criminal and penal laws of the United States, reported York will give me his attention, because, being a member of the it with an amendment. Committee on the Judiciary, it seemed perhaps strange that I He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the should come here and move this amendment. I happened to be amendment submitted by himself on the 1st instant, intended to called away from the committee this morning when the· bill was be proposed to the sundry civil appropriation bill, reported favor under consideration. I desired to present, and if I had been present ably thereon, and moved that it be referred to the Committee on I should have presented, the reasons which to my mind seem im Appropriations and printed; which was agreed to. perative why there should be two additional judges there. I COURTS IN OKLAHOMA TERRITORY. wished to make that e:Xplanation of the reason why I moved the Mr. HOAR. I am directed by the Committee on the Judiciary, amAndment under these circumstances. to whom was referred the bill (S. 3675) to provide times and places Mr. CULLOM. The bill is to be laid aside temporarily, I under- for the trial in Oklahoma Territory of cases arising under the stand. Constitution and laws of the United States, to report it favorably Mr. HILL. It is to go over without prejudice. without amendment, and to ask for its present consideration. Mr. HOAR. It goes to the Calendar, to be called up again. There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be placed on the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. Calendar. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered NATIONAL HOME FOR DISABLED VOLUNTEER SOLDIERS. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Mr. HAWLEY. · A vacancy occurred in the Board of Managers ADDITIONAL JUDGES IN INDIAN TERRITORY. of theNational Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers of the United Mr. HOAR. I am directed by the Committee on theJudiciary, States by the death of General Beal. The House of Representa· to whom was referred the bill (S. 3513) to authorize the appoint tives passed a joint resolution (H. Res. 249) for appointment of a ment of an additional judge of the United States court in the member of Board of Managers of the National Home for Disabled ...
1720 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 11,
Volunteer Soldiers, appointing to the vacancy Gen. John Mar dixwithoutthetestimony, and thatthesamenumber of additional shall Brown, of the State of Maine. He ia entirely acceptable to copies of the report and appendix with the testimony, be pr~ted. the Senators from Maine and to everybod7., and I r~J?Ort back ~he The motion was agreed to. joint resolution favorably from the Committee on Military Affarrs, Mr. HALE. I a£k for the regular order. and ask the Senate to concur in it. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The introduction of bills and The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres- joint resolutions is in order. ent consideration of the joint resolution? . BILLS INTRODUCED. There being no objection, the joint resolution wasconsidereda.s Mr. HOAR introduced a bill (S. 3678) to fix the salaries of the in Committee of the Whole. several district judges of the United States; which was read twice Mr. HILL. I should like to ask whether the joint resolution by its title, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. . shows who are the other members of this Board? Mr. CULLOM introduced a bill (S. 3679) to extend certain Mr. HAWLEY. No; it is a mere recital that John Marshall patents; which was read twice by its title, and, with the accom Brown be appointed to fill the vacancy in the Board, and so forth, to panying paper, referred to the Committee on Patents. succeed General Beal. It is the mere formal appointment of a Mr. VEST introduced a bill (S. 3680) to provide for the removal member of the Board. of the Interstate National Bank of Kansas City from Kansas City, Mr. HILL. Who are the other members of the Board? . Kans., to Kansas City, Mo.; which was read twice by its title, and Mr. HAWLEY. I could not name them now to save my hfe. referred to the Committee on Finance. I know that General Franklin is the president of the Board and Mr. MITCHELL of Wisconsin introduced a bill (S. 3681) to that it is composed of a number of other very active and promi amend an act entitled "An act to amend an act entitled 'An act nent citizens, some of whom have given twenty years of very to pTovide for the settlement of all outstanding claims against the faithful devotion to the work. District of Columbia, and conferring jurisdiction on the Court of Mr. HALE. This is simply the appointment of a Maine soldie! Claims to hear the .same, and for other purposes, approved June a gallant officer in the waT-to take the pla-ce of. another Marne 16, 1880,' approved February 13, 1895;" which was read twice by soldier who died. · its title, and referred to the Committee on Appropriations. Mr. HAWLEY. It is merely to fill a va~ncy. Mr. ALLEN introduced a bill (S. 3682) granting an increase of Mr. HILL. I suppose in making these appoi~tments we should pension to Alexander Boltin; which was read twice by its title, equalize them over the country, so that all portions of the country and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the Committee on would be represented, and therefore I desire to know where the Pensions. others ai·e located. Mr. NELSON introduced a bill (S. 3683) to amend the rive1· and Mr. HAWLEY. I will explain that to the Senator. The mem harbor act of August 18, 1894; which was read twice by its title, bers of the Board are scattered about the c~mntry. ~acJ;t one. of and referred to the Committee on Commerce. them has a particular Branch Home under his charge, m his pariSh Mr. ELKINS introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 200) for the or bishopric but they altogether control the Home so far as pos prevention of the introduction and spread of contagious and in sible. Gen~ral Brown, who is put in the place of General Beal, fectious diseases into the United States; which 1\'as read twice by will have special care of the large Soldiers' Home at Togus. in its title, and referred to the Committee on Public Health and Maine. The Senator from New Jersey [Mr. SEWELL] gives his National Quarantine. paternal supervision to the Home down at Hampton, and so for~h. There is an Ohio man who looks out for the Home at Dayton, Ohio. A.ME.Z..TDMENTS TO APPROPRIATION BILLS. The thing is as well managed as possible. . Mr. McMILLAN submitted two amendments intended to be M.r. HILL. How many are there in all? proposed by him to the District appropriation bill; which were Mr. MITCHEJ.JL of Wisconsin. There are eleven active mem referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia, and ordered bers of the Board. to be printed. Mr. HAWLEY. There are two members of the Board present, Mr. STEWART submitted an amendment intended to be pro the honorable Senator from Wisconsin [Mr. MITCHELL l and the posed by him to the Indian appropriation bill; which was referred honorable Senator from New Jersey [Mr. SEWELL]. Th~re are to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. eleven active members of the Board. He also submitted an amendment intended to be·proposed by Mr. SEWELL. Will the Senator from Connecticut allow me? him to the District appropriation bill; which was referred to the Mr. HAWLEY. I shall be very glad to have the Senator from Committee on the District of Columbia, and ordered to be printed. New Jersey make an explanation. Mr. COCKRELL submitted an amendment intended to be pro Mr. HALE. If the joint resolution gives rise to debate, I shall ·posed by him to the Post-Office appropriation bill; which was re-. have to object. ferred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads, and ordered Mr. HAWLEY. There will be no debate. to be printed. Mr. SEWELL. I wish to satisfy the Senator from New York Mr. HILL (by request) submitted an amendment intended to in relation to these. appointments. be proposed by him to the Indian appropriation bill; which was Mr. HILL. We simply ought to have a list of them. referred to the Co~ittee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to ba Mr. SEWELL. The appointments have been made. generally printed. from among prominent officers of_ the late war who hy~, where Mr. HOAR submitted an amendment intended to be proposed possible, near Br~ch HoiD;es of which they have superVIswn. In by him to the general deficiency appropriation bill; which was this case the appomtment lS to take the place o~ a gen~eman who referred to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be printed. died recently and he lives near the Home which he IS expected SALA.RIES OF DISTRICT JUDGES. personally to' look after. There is no salary and there are no Mr. HOAR, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom emoluments connected with the appointment. It is a pure labor was referred the bill (S. 3678) to fix the salalies of the several dis of love. . trict judges of the United States, reported it without amendment. Mr. HILL. Has the Senator with him a hst of the Board, so PERRINE GRANT INVESTIGATION. that he can tell us their names and residences? Mr. PETTIGREW. I submit a resolution, and ask for its im Mr. SEWELL. The president of the Board is Gen. W. B. mediate consideration. Franklin, of Hartford, Conn. The next on the list are ~he Sen~ The resolution wa-s read, as follows: tor from Wisconsin [Mr. MITCHELL] and myself as vice-presi Resolved, That the Commit~ee on Public L~ds, by the full
THE MISSISSIPPI CHOCTA. WS. Mr. HALE and others. There will be no objection. Mr. WALTHALL submitted the following resolution; which :Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I withdraw the suggestion. - was·considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to: The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection? The Chair'/ hears none, and it is so ordered. ~ Resolved, That the Secretary of the Interior be, and h e is h ereby, dil.'ected to transmit t o the Senate t he follow ing information: DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR APPROPRIATION BILL. First. A copy of the memorial of the Choctaw Nation of December 24:, 1889, relat ive to the MiSsissippi Choctaws. Mr. HALE. I move that the Senate proceed to the considera.. Second. D eposition of Greenwood Leflore, ex-chief of the Choct aw Nation.,~ tion of the bill (H. R. 10134) making appropriations for the dip· of February 24, 1843, before United States Commissioners Clayborne ana lornatic and consular service for the fiscal year ending June 30, Graves relative to importance of the fourteenth article of the t r eaty of 183(). Third. Whether or not the Choctaws entitled to remain in Mississippi by 1898. - the fourteenth article were reported by United States Commissioners Murray The motion was agreed to. and Vroom to the President of the United States on July 31, 1838, as having Mr. HALE. The Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. C.AlfERON] been in a great number of cases forced to r emove from the reservations grante d them by t he fourteenth article. has a short bill that he wishes to have considered, and I yield to Fourth. Whether or not the .Mississippi Choctaws were parties to any sub· him, reserving the tight to object if it gives rise to debate. sequent Choctaw treaty, or have ever executed a relinquishment of their RETIREMENT OF ENLISTED MEN. rights of Choctaw citizenship. PRESIDENTIAL A.PPROV A.L. Mr. CAMERON. I ask the Senate to take up the bill (S. 3673) to amend chapter 67 of volume 23 of the Statutes at Large of the A message from the President of the United States, by Mt·. 0 L. United States. · PRUDEN, one of his secretaries, announced that the President had There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the on the 10th instant approved and signed the act (S. 1624) to quiet Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. It proposes to amend the title and possession with respect to certain unconfirmed and act approved September 30, 1890, so as to read: located private-land claims in the State of Louisiana. That when _an enlisted man has served thirty years iJ;l the United States l.IETROPOLITA.N RAILROAD COMP.ANY. Arf!JY or Manne Corps, or as an enlisted man or appointed petty officer in the . Umted States Navy, he shall, by making application to the President be The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the act:\.on placed on the retired list with 75 per cent of his pay and allowances. of the of the House of Representatives on the amendments of the Senate rank or rate upon which he was retired: Provided, '!'hat all acti-ve service in to the bill (H. R. 9647) to authorize the extension of the lines of the United States .Army, Navy, or Marine Corps during time of war, insur rection, or rebellion shall be computed as double time in computing the thirty the Metropolitan Railroad Company, of the District of Columbia, years necessary to entitle the applicant to be retired: P.rovidedfurthf.,- That ·and asking a conference with the Senate on... the disagreeing votes all honorable service in the United States Army, Na-vy, and Marine Corps of the two Houses thereon. shall be computed as within the period necessary to entitle the applicant to Mr. :McMILLAN. I move that the Senate agree to the confer retire under the provisions of thiS act. ence asked by the House. - The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The motion was ~oreed to. to be engrossed for a third reading, read th~ third time, and passed. By unanimous consent, the President pro tempore was author :Mr. HILL. I suggest to-the Senator from Pennsylvania whether ized to appoint the conferees on the part o.f the Senate; and :Mr. the title ought not to be amended so as to give some idea of what McMILLAN, Mr. FAULKNER, and Mr. GALLINGER were appointed. the amendment of the law is. The title simply states that it is an amendment to a certain chapter of the Statutes at Large of the GASPAR A.. BETANCOURT. United States. · The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a message Mr. CAMERON. The bill is as it came from the Navy Depart from the P.resident of the United States; which was read, and, ment. It was proposed by the Department. , with the accompanying papet·s, referred to the Committee on :Mr. HALE. The suggestion is in regard to the title. The title Foreign Relations, and ordered to be-printed, as follows: ought to stat-e what the bill is. To the Sen ate of the United States: Mr. CAMERON. Very well; let the title be amended. In response to the resolution of the Senate of February 4,1897, I transmit Mr. HOAR. I think the title should be am.ended so as to show a report from the Secretary of State, submitting copies of correspondence relative to the arrest and detention o! ~r A. Betancourt, a citizen of the the subject to which it relates. What is the subject? United States, by the Spanish authorities m Cuba. Mr. HALE. It relates to the time of enlisted men in the Navy. · GROVER CLEVELAND. Jrlr: HOAR. Then add to the title "relating to the retirement EXECUTIVE MANSION, Washington, February 11, 1897. of enlisted men." KILLING OF SEGUNDO N. LOPEZ. Mr. CAMERON. "The time of enlisted men in the Navy." The title was amended so as to read: "A bill to amend chapter The PRESIDENT protempore laid before the Senate a message 67 of volume 23 of the Statutes at Large of the United States, and from the President of the United States; which was read, and, to further provide for the retirfOlment of enlisted men in the United with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on For States Army and Marine Corps and enlisted men and petty officers eign Relf),tions, and ordered to be printed, as follows: of the United States Navy." To the Senate of the United statefl: DANIEL T~ TOLLETT. In response to the resolution of the Senate of February 2, 1897, I transmit a report from the Secretary of State, relati-ve to the killing of Segundo N. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I ask the Senator from Maine to Lopez, son of M. F. Lopez, at Sagua la. Grande, in Cuba. yield to me to call up a pension bill which I should like to have GROVER CLEVELAND. considered by the Senate. EXECUTIVE MANSION, Washington, FebruanJ 11,1897. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from :Maine ORDER OF BUSINESS. yield to the Senator from Arkansas? :Mr. HALE. I move that the Senate proceed to the considera- :Mr. HALE. If it gives rise to no debate, but after this I can tion of the diplomatic and consulru: appropriation bill. not yield to any further bills. . Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I appeal to the Senator from Maine- Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I ask the Senate to proceed to the Mr. HALE. Let the Senator wait until I get the bill up. consideration of the bill (8. 2832) for the relief of Daniel T. Tollett. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. Very well. There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the Mr. THURSTON. Will the Senator from Maine yield, that I Whole, proceeded to consider the bill, which had been reported from the Committee on Pensions ~ith an amendment, in line 8, may m~ke a suggestion? before the word "dollars," to stl·ike out "twelve" and insert Mr. HALE. Ce:r:tainly. "eight;" so as to make the bill read: PA.CIFIC RAILROADS. B e it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he h ereby is Mr. THURSTON. I ask that the resolutions which are before authorized and directed to place on the pension roll the name of Daniel T: Senate as a part of the morning business, on which I have Tollett, of Centerpoint, Howard County, .Ark., late a private in Captain Moore's company, Arkansas Mounted Volunteers, Sabine Indian war,and pay been addressing the Senate, may go over without prejudice as a him a pension at the rate of SS per month. part of th~ morning business and without losing their place until The amendment was agreed to. · Monday morning next. I expect to be absent from the city until The bill was reported to t he Senate as amended, and the amend that time. I wish at some time to conclude my remarks. ment was concurred in. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The junior Senator from Ne The bill was ordered to be engr ossed for a third reading, read braska asks unanimous consent that the resolution· submitted by the third time, and passed. the senior Senator from Nebraska [:Mr. ALLEN], instructing the Committee on Pacific Railroads to inquire and to report to the FRATERNAL BENEFIClA.RY SOCIETIES. Senate whether the executive department has, by existing law, Mr. GALLINGER. I ask the Senator from Maine to permit me authority to fmeclose the Government mortgage or lien upon to make a motion simply, which will not lead to debate. the Union Pacific and Kansas Pacific railroads, etc., may be laid Mr. HALE. It is only a formal motion, I understand. aside informally until Monday morning, holding the place it now Mr. GALLINGER. Yesterday at my suggestion the bill (H. R. 03cupies. 10108) regulating fraternal b eneficiary societies, orders, or associa Mr. JONES of Arkansas. The Senator from Nebraska [Mr. tions in the District of Columbia was laid upon the table. I move ALLEN] is not in his seat at this time. I suggest to the Senator that the bill be referred to the Committee on the District of from Nebraska that he wait until his colleague is in the Chamber Columbia. before he asks consent. The motion WaB agreed to• . CONGRESSIONAL RE(JORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 11,
ORDER OF BUSINESS. arrangements are made and the two other countries which have Mr. PETTIGREW. Mr. President--- :not sent a joint minister here do not, the Department will have to The' PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Maine arrange the matter at the end of the fiscal year; but it ca:n not yield to the Senator from South Dakota? now, ~s the Senator will see, arrange what shall be done in the Mr. HALE. I can not yield for anything that will take any time. way of sending ministers. It is not well to disturb this order I am under pressure to go on with the diplomatic and consular until it is all adjusted. I do not think any better way can be appropriation- bill, which is before the Senate. I have told several found than to continue the old arrangement, as we have minis Senators that I could not yi~ld for any more bills. ters there now-one to Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Salvador, and Mr. PETTIGREW. Then I shall not call up the matter now, one to Guatemala and Honduras-until the Department can see but I wish to state that it refers to a bill which was recalled from whether there is anything fUTther to be done in the way of a the President, and as soon as the pending appropriation bill is dis change of oUT ministers there. That is all the explanation, I sup posed of I shall ask the Senate to dispose of that matter. pose, that is necessary. Mr. SHERMAN. I wish to give notice that after the appropri 1\fr. MORGAN. Mr. President, of coUTse that is a very candid ation bill is disposed of I shall move that the Senate proceed to explanation, but it leaves us still in a very difficult situation the consideration of executive business. · toward these Republics. Our minister goes there accredited to DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR APPROPRIATION BM. three Republics. ::M:r. HALE. He is there now. The Senate, as in Committee of -the Whole, proceeded to con Mr. MORGAN. And he is there now accredited to three Re sider the bill (H. R. 10134) making appropriations for the diplo publics, with whom we can. not hold any communication at all, matic and consular service for the fiscal year ending June 30, except with a diet, which represents two of them and does not 1898, which had been reported from the Committee on Appropria represent the third; that is to say, it is supposed to represent two tions with amendments. of them. It certainly does not represent Costa Rica. Costa Rica The Secretary proceeded to read the bill, and read to line 15, on has nothing to do with it; and I have information that Costa page 2, the last clause read being as follo~s: Rica is quite stirred up about it, and is not at all agreeable to this Envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Guatemala and Hon diet arrangement. . . duras, SlO,OOO. Here comes a minister from the Greater Republic of Central Mr. MORGAN. I desire to make an inquiry of the Senator from America; he is accredited )lere and received by the President of Maine having this bill in charge as to the item of this bill which the United States; his credentials are said to be in due form, and has just been read. It has been alleged on the floor of the Senate, he is placed amongst the class of ministerial representatives to by what authority I do not know, that the President has given us this capital. We have even gone so far here as to get an official information of a change in the diplomatic relations of Central communication from that minister before the Senate, which has America of some kind, which would make the sending of a min been debated here for days together, and upon his statement there ister to these three States inappropriate, and I should like to have have been made some very strong and earnest appeals to the Con some explanation about that. gress of the United States not to proceed upon a certain very We have been informed here in some irregular way of the fact important matter that we are connected with by our legislation that a diet has been established in Central America, which has juris as well as historically. diction of international affairs. Weare informed that that diet is Now, I think, Mr. President, in view of the facts which are · Tepresented here by a minister plenipotentiary, who Tepresents known, for us to accredit OUT minister now to these three Repub three States:-HondUTas, Salvador, and Nicaragua. Two of those lics under the old regime, without taking any notice of this offi States are embraced in this clause,· and the third is omitted; the cial change in their diplol!latic relations toward us, must have State of Costa Rica is put in here in place of Honduras. the double effect of denouncing and discarding any recognition That leads, Mr. President, to a very awkward complication of that Greater Republic of Central America, and also of placing there. I have information of an unofficial sort, derived through our ministers who are there, and those who may be sent there newspapers and through some statements made on the floor of under this appropriation, in such a position as that they can hold the Senate here by other Senators who may have better advices no diplomatic intercourse with either of these States. Our minis than I have about it, that the foreign offices in the States of Nica ter,. Mr. Baker, who is there now-and a very excellent minister ragua, Honduras, and Salvador have been closed; that they have he is, too, and a very able man-could have no communication at no foreign offices now, and our ministers sent to these respective all with this diet under this act of appropriation or under any . States can have no communication through any foreign office other act of Congress of which I have any knowledge. He could there with the Governments to which they are accredited. That have no authority at all to address the Government of Honduras, leaves a very awkward complication, it seems to me. We accredit for instance, because he is not accredited to that Government; he a minister to Nicaragua, and when he goes there he finds no for is accredited to Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. He can eign office; we accredit another to Salvador, and he goes there and not possibly have any diplomatic relations with the Government finds no foreign office; he can not hold communication with the of Honduras. So it leaves this matter in a very awkward shape. Republic of Salvador; but somewhere amongst the three States of Mr. President, this has all arisen from the fact that the Presi Nicaragua, Salvador, and Honduras there is an establishment, a dent of the United States has not considered it worth his time to foreign office, which does hold official communication with the inform the Senate of the United States of the actual state of dip Government of the United States. · lomatic relations between this Government and foreign govern :Mr. President, if this arrangement has been made, and if it has ments. He seems to have the idea that he can regulate it all by been duly notified to the Senate of the United States, then of himself, and that it is not necessary to call upon the Senate of tho coUTse the passing of a bill here to recognize that diet as the true United States or the Congress of the United States to do anything representative of the official ·relations of these three Republics at all in respect of the recognition of the existence and the author would be a very important matter to them and to us; b_ut a bill ity or the integrity of any foreign country. passed here now which entirely overlooks that arrangement, Now, that is a new Government, entirely new, as entirely new which the President has submitted in his message to the Con as the Government of the Republic of Cuba would be if that Gov gress, would be not only' a very awkward business, but it would ernment were to appear here, as it has appeared, with a minister discredit the diplomatic functions of the diet. Notwithstanding and we should undertake to recognize him. That Government we are informed here that this diet exists, that it represents all has a minister now in the United States-that is to say, a diplo of the foreign relations of these three Republics in some way or matic agent, with supreme diplomatic powers and functions ris other, we send a minister to two of these States and another State ing above those of an ordinary minister-but we pay no attention of Central America, without taking the slightest notice of the to that. Well, perhaps that is all right. At the same time this powers and authority conferred by this internal arrangement other minister, if we fail to recognize him, stands upon no better between these -three Republics upon the diet and its representa ground than a minister from Cuba. . He comes here n.ow with his tive at this capital. credentials from an entirely new Government, not one that is 1 wish to hear from the Senator from Maine who has this bill known to this Government-one that is ignored in this bill, one in charge why it is that this awkward lapse occurs in the bill, that has no provision of law in the United States in the slightest and why we should not reform this bill so as to accommodate it degree to sanction his existence, or the regularity of his appoint to the arrangement suggested in the President's message? ment, or the value of his credentials. It is perfectly new; and Mr. HALE. I see the force of the inquiry of the Senator from here we are left floundering about in this condition, with the Ex Alabama, and I am very glad 'he has made the inquiry. This ecutive recognizing a minister from a foreign Government here, appropriation deals not with the question of the ministers sent representing the States of Honduras, Salvador, and Nicaragua, from those countries to us, but with ours sent to them. We have and we are making an appropriation to send a minjster toNica now ministers, under the old subdivision, to Nicaragua, Costa Rica, ragua, Costa Rica, and Salvador, who can not find access there to and Salvadorupon one side, and Guatemala and Honduras on the a public office of foreign affairs where he can present his creden other. Those ministers are there. Their pay will cease unless' tials and have himself recognized and through which he can hold we appropriate, and in dealing with them it has not been thought any intercourse with either of those Republics. His credentials, advisable to change that basis for the present, as they are there his powers, his duties there as a diplomatic agent are confined en and they need their salaries. But in the meantime, if any new tirely to the Greater Republic of Central America, if there is su.ch 1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1723
a thing as that, because we are informed that the Greater Repub we have had, even through the newspapers, in regard to the scope lic, consisting of three States, two of· which are in this bill and of his authority show that he can not do anything of the kind. the other is not, has accredited a minister to this Government He can not negotiate a question of that kind; he can not anange .who is said to have full diplomatic power and recognition. between the United States and Nicaragua even, which he repre It is time, Mr. President.] that we should do one of two things: sents as the minister from the diet, any questions which concern We should either proceed, as this bill is proceeding, to ignor~ the separate individual policy and obligations and rights and du entirely the whole of the operations of the President of the United ties of the State of Nicaragua. He could not do it as to Costa Rica, States on this subject, pass them by as if they had not existed, or with whom we have the identical relations that· we have with 'as if they were the idle wind, or else proceed in conformity with Nicaragua upon that important subject; he could no nothing some suggestion of his, if we had such a suggestion, to send a at all. · minister to the Greater Republic down there, that seems to have I thought I would get before the Senate and before the country a diplomatic organization, at least for the purpose of being repre all that we know about this matter. Having effected that pur 'sented in foreign governments. pose, I have no further suggestions to make, and I hope the bill · Mr. BACON. 'Will the Senator from Alabama permit me to will be passed. inquire whether the President of the United States has ever com Mr. BACON. I want to call the attention of the Senator from municated to Congress the fact that he has l!eceived a minister Alabama to the fact that he was mistaken in suggesting that the from the Greater Republic of Central America? President had communicated to Congress in his annual message Mr. MORGAN. I understand that the fact is stated in his the fact of the reception of the minister from the Greater Repub annual message. lic of Central America. That minister was received on the 24th There is another very important matter arising out of this to day of De~mber last, long subsequent to the date of the Presi which I think the attention of the Senate .ought at least to be called dent's annual message. It may be that the fact of the .reception as we pass along. I do not propose to change this appropriation at of that minister has been communicated to Congress in some spe all; I want to let it stand there, because it is exactly in accordance cial message, but if so, it has escaped my attention. with the laws of the United States and its political and diplo Mr. MORGAN. I do not think it has been. matic history, and coiTesponds precisely with the actual legal dip- Mr. BACON. Unless it has been by a special message the fact . lomatic situation in the United States; the appropriation is all has never been officially communicated to Congress that -that right. But while we are doing that we can not avoid the conclu minister has presented himself and been received. sion that we are ignoring tb~ existence of the Greater Republic of Mr. MORGAN. Then I stand corrected, Mr. President,·and I Central America as a diplomatic establishment entitled to hold in do it with cheerfulness, because it 'seems to show still more fully tercourse with this Government. After we pass this bill. I do not .that the welcoming of this minister here is a mere perfunctory see what the President of the United States can do with Mr. Rod affair, a piece of politeness, which does not amount to anything riguez except to say he has no further use for him. How can be in law. represent a republic here, a new republic with a new name and new The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The reading of-the bill will powers, while we are acting in our votes in the House of Repre proceed. sentatives and in the Senate upon appropriation bills on the line of The reading of the bill was resumed; beginning at line 16 on the old policy, in which that Republic has no recognition; on the page 2. The first amendment of the Committee on Appropriations contrary; in which we recognize distinctly the existing regime, the was, under the head of'' Salaries of secretaries of embassies and existing arrangement, and make appropriations to supply it and le·gations," on page ·5, line 7, before the word ,.. Germany," to · provide for itt It is a very awkward situation, to say tne least of insert "and;" in the same 1ine, after the word ''Germany," to it, and the Congress of the United States and the Senate of the strike out "and Mexico; " and in 1ine 8, before the word "thou United States are not in the slightest degree responsible for it. sand," to strike out ''eight" and insert "six;" so as to make the I have called attention to this because I should like to see cor clause read: rected, if it can be, amicably and without raising a fuss in the Second secretaries of embassies to Great Britain, France, and Germany, family, this condition of embarrassment and distrust that seems at $2,000 each, $6,000. . to obtain between the Executive and the Congress of the United The amendment was agreed to. . States upon a question of great importance like this. Here we The next amendment was, on page 5, after line 8, to insert: are left in the dark; here we are with a minister, recognized here Second secretary of legation to Mexico, $2,000. at this capital, who sends messages actually through the Secre The amendment was agreed to. · tary of State into the Senate, and they are here received and The next amendment was, on page 12, after line 2, to insert: debated and commented upon, and yet, when we come to paEs an PAYMENT TO LEGAL REPRESENTA'l'IVES OF LATE PIERCE M. B. YOUNG. appropriation bill, instead of accrediting the minister we sent out To pay to the legal representatives of Pierce M. B. Young, who died while there to that Government, we accredit a minister to an entirely envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Guatemala and Hun· different set of States-not entirely different, but two of those duras, six months' salary of said officer subsequent ·to the date. of his death, States and another, Costa Rica, which is not included in the pro- $5,000. gramme at all. · The amendment was agreed to. I do not know what can be done about it. I have no motion to The next amendment was, on page 12, after line 9, to insert: make, because I have no facts upon which to make a motion. If DIGEST OF INTERNATIONAL LAW OF THE UNITED STATES. we had a communication here from the President of the United For revising, reindexing, and otherwise completing and perfecting by the States that he had recognized that Republic, and that it was an aid of such documents as have become available since 1886, the second 'edition of the Digest of the International Law of the United States, Taken from Docu existing entity as a government, and had some description of the ments Issued by Presidents and Secretaries of State, and from Decisions of powers of that Greater Republic of Central America, then I should Federal Courts and Opinions of Attorneys-General, the work to be done be prepared in good faith to make a motion to respond to their under the supervision of the Secretary of State, $10,000, said sum to be imme overtUI·es in sending a minister here by returning a minister to diately available. · that tribunal, to that coUI·t, or to that diet, or whatever you please Mr. MORGAN. I should like to inquire of the Senator from to call it. Maine what is the necessity for inserting the restriction in these ·I understand, hut from thenewspapers-I do not know whether words, on line 14, page 12, "available since 1886?" the President's message refers to the fact I am about to state or Mr. HALE. That is the time of the old edition. not; I do not remember-but I understand that Nicaragua, Hon Mr. MORGAN. I know it is; but there is a good deal of mat duras, and Salvador, in forming this diet, have not cTeated between ter which is referred to in the old edition which ought really to be themselves any political union for any internal affairs, but that incorporated in the text. their relations are entirely those which concern foreign intercourse. Mr. HALE. Then wt it be amended so as to read, "by the aid Mr. HALE. For purposes of negotiation. of such documents as may be useful." Mr. MORGAN. And, I suppose, of concluding treaties. That Mr. MORGAN. Yes. . is a curious state of affairs, Mr. President, and very awkward and Mr. HALE. In lines 13 and 14, on page 12, I move to strike out very embarrassing, because we do not know how far we can go or the words "have become available sinoe 1886" and to insert "may in what direction really in making negotiations with that minister be useful." here. For instance, if a dispute should arise-as disputes have I think the Senator from Alabama is right in hi~ -suggestion. ·arisen and have been reconciled and settled between the Govern There may be other do9uments beyond those. ments of Costa Rica and Nicaragua on the one hand and the Gov Th~ PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment proposed by ernment of the United States upon the other in respect of the the Senator from !\fame to the amendment of the committee wiU Nicaraguan Canal-what right would this minister have to repre be stated. sent the Government of Nicaragua and the Government of Costa The SEC~ETARY. After t~e :word "as," in line 13, on page 12, in Rica-he does not pretend to any right to represent Costa Rica; the committee amendment, It IS proposed to strike out the words but to represent the Government of Nicaragua-in a diplomatic "have become available since 1886" and insert "may be useful;" arrangement of some question ·which concerns the internal polity so as to read: of Nicaragua as connected with its obligations and rights toward DIGEST OF INTERNATIONAL LAW OF THE UNITED STATES. . the United States? He can not do anything of that sort !lo far as . For revising, reindexing, and otherwise completing and perfecting, by the - 1 ~d of such documents as may be useful, the second edition of the Digest or· I know. On the contrary, the brief and very imperfect intimations the International Law of the United States, Taken from Documents Issued '·1724 CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-.SENATE. FEBRUARY 11,
by Presidents and Secretaries of State and from Decisions of Federal Courts The SEORETAJt.Y, After the word "copies," in line 18, on pago and Opinions of .A.ttorney13-General the work to be done under the super vision of the Secretary of State, $10,000, said sum to be immediately available. 27, it is proposed to insert the following additional proviso: And provided further, Tbat the Secretary of State be, and he is hereby The amendment to the amendment was agreed to. authorized to change the nall\e of the Bureau of Statistics to the Bureau of The amendment as amended was agreed to. Foreign Commer~, ~d that the foregoing provision shall apply with the same The reading of the bill .was resumed. The next amendment of ~%~!s'ti~. effect t e Bureau of Foreign Commerce as to the Bureau of the Committee on Appropriations was, under the head of "Sala ries, consular service," on page 13,line 20, before the word "thou The·amendment was agreed to. sand," to strike out "six" and insert "five;" so as to make the Mr. HALE. I will put in the RECORD as a part of my remarks clause read: a letter from the Secretary of State explaining it. Total, $105,000. The letter referred to is as follows: The amendment was agreed to. DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Washington, February 10,1897. The next amendment was, to increase th~ appropriation for sal SIR: I observe that the diplomatic and consular appropriation bill as rep_orted bY, you to _the Senate contains the paragra:ph J:elating to the pub~ aries of consuls, vice-consuls, and commercial agents from $425,000 cation of diplomatic, consular, and other commermal reports in the form to $432,000. · which I had the honor to submit with the estimates, with the exception of The amendment was agreed to. the final clause, viz: The next amendment was, on page 15, after line 23, to insert1 "And provided fu~er, Tbat the Secretary of State be, and he is hereby authorized to change the name of the Bureau of Statistics to the Bureau of Brazil: Foreign Commerce, and that the foregoing provision shall apply with the Consul at Santos. same force and effect to the Bureau of Foreign Commerce as to the Bureau The amendment was agreed to. of Statistics." Upon the assumption that the omission of this paragraph was accidental The next amendment was, at the top of page 17, to·insert: or that the committee was nut fully informed on the subject, I deem it proper Belgium: to cal!_your .attention to the practicaJ ne.ed of some permission of this charac Consul at Hhent. per. You will observe that the language 15 not mandatory; but merely author JZes the Secretary of State to change the name of the Bureau of Statistics to The amendment was agreed to. the Bureau of Foreign Commerce. The reasons for this change are founrl in The next amendment was, on page 17, line 16, after the word the embarrassment caused the Department bytheconfnsionarising from the "Dunfermline," to insert "Newcastle on Tyne;" so as to 1·ead: fact that there a:re three Bureaus of Statistics in the different Departments, viz, those of the Department of State, the Treasury, and the Department of Great Britain a.nd British Dominions: Agriculture. The name Bureau of Statistics1.-..moreover, does not properly Consuls at Barbados, Cardiff, Chatham, Cork, Dublin, Dunfermline, New designate the functions of the Bureau for this vepartment. It is, in pomt of castle on Tyne, etc. fact, a bureau of foreign commerce, and, if-designated as such; would have a The amendment was agreed "to. more distinct individuality and would attract more general attention in the businesscommunity. Notwithstandingthegreaterpublici~whichhasbeen The next amendment was, under the head of "Switzerland," on secured in recent years for thh feature of the Departments work, there is page 18i line 17, to strike out ."Consul at Zurich" and inHert still a regretable lack of information among our manufacturers and exporters "Consu s at Horgen and Zurich." as to the practical value of the commercial reports of diplomatic and consulal." officers. The proposed change of name is, in my judgment, an important step The amendment was agreed to. in the direction of placing the Bureau in closer touch with the business inter· The next amendment was, on page 18, after line 23, to strike and enabling it to develop on purely industrial and com· out: :!~~fart~~~~ntry Brazil: I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant, ·Consul at Santos. RICHARD OLNEY. Hon. EUGE..llf.E HALE, . The amendment was agreed to. Qontmittee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate. The next amendment was, under the head of ''Great Britain and British Dominions," on page 19, line 18, after the word '' (Canada)," The n~xt amendment of the Committee on Approjuiations was, to stri'Ke out'' Newcastle-on-Tyne." on page 27, line 18, to strike out: The amendment was agreed to. And provided further, That a sum not exceedil1g $250 of this appropriatio:IJ, The next amendment was, on page 20, line 19, after the wo1·d may b e expended in the purchase of such books, maps, and periodicalS as may "at," to insert "Alexandretta;" so as to make the clause read: be necessary to the editing of the consular and commercial reports. Turkey: The amendment was agreed to. , Consuls at Alexandretta, Harpoot, and Sivas. The next amendment was, on page 28, line 20, after the word The amendment was agreed to. "Bureau," to insert the follo~ng proviso: The next amendment was, on page 20, after line 24, to strike out: P1·ovided, That the provisions of the fifth and sixth sections of the act en· titled "An act establishing post routes, and for other . purposes," approved Belgium: · March 3,1877, for the transmission of official mail matter, be, and they are Consul at Ghent. hereby extended and made applicable to all official mail matter of the Bureau The an:i.eridment wa.s agreed to. of'the amel"ican1 Republics established in Washington by recommendation of: the International American Conference, representing the International The next amendment was, on page 21, after line 8~ to insert: Union of American Republics. Greece: Consul at Patras. The amendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to: The reading-of the bill was concluded. .The next amendment was. under the head of "Allowance for The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend· clerks at.consulates," on page' 24, line 4, after the word ''Rudders ments were concurred in. · field," to insert "Horgen;" and in line 7, before the word "hun The amendments were ordered to be engrossed and the bill to dred," to strike out "seven thousand eight" and insert "eight be read a third time. thousand four;" so as to make the clause read: The bill was read the third time, and passed. Cairo, Cologne, Constantinople, Huddersfield, Horgen, Mayence Munich, PROPOSED RESTRICTION OF IMMIGRATION, Nottingham, Odessa, Para, Pernambuco, Tampico, Vera Cruz, a.nd Zurich, at $600 each, $8,400. Mr. LODGE. I desire now to present and have considered the The amendment was agreed to. conference report on the act to amend the immigration laws. The next amendment was, on page 24, line 23, to increase the Mr. FAULKNER. Before that is done, I suggest to the Sena total appropriation for allowance for clerks at consulates from tor from Massachusetts that the junior Sena~or from Maryland $105,170 to $105,770. · [Mr. GIBSON] informed me a fewminutesagothathehad received The amendment was agreed to. a telegram from Lexington, Va., stating that the brother-in-law The next amendment was, on page 27, line 5, after the word of Mrs. Gibson, Hon. John Randolph Tucker, is at the point of "dollars," to insert: death. The Senator from Maryland had to leave the Senate to And of this sum the Secretary of State is authorized to use not exceeding inform Mrs. Gibson of that fact and to make arrangements for $3,1.20 for services of employees in the Bureau of Statistics, Department of her to leave the city. He requested me to ask that the bill should State, in. the work of compiling and distributing such re:ports, and not ex not be taken up for action to-day. c.eeding $250 in the purchase of such books, maps, and penodicals as may be necessary to the editing of diplomatic, consular, and other commercial Mr. LODGE. Of course I have no desire to press the matter reports. under such circumstances; and if I can have an agreement as to So as to make the clause read: taking a vote on the 1·eport at any reasonable time, I will very PUBLIOATION OF DIPLO:llA.TIC, CONSULAR, AND OTHER COMMERCIAL gladly let it go over to accommodate the Senator from Maryland. REPORTS. I ask unanimous 'consent that the vote on the conference report Preparation, printing, publication, and distribution, by the Department of may be taken at 4 o'clock on Saturday. State, of the diplomatic, consular, and other commercial reports1 $25,000; and Mr. HALE (to Mr. LODGE). Make it 3 o'clock. of this sum the Secretary of-State is authorized to use not exceeding $3,120for Mr. FAULKNER. I suggest that the Senator do not fix the services of employees in the Bureau of Stati.<~tics, Department of State, in the work of compiling and distributing such reports, and not exceeding $250 time for a vote before Monday. _ in the purchase of such books, maps, and periodicals as may be necessary to Mr. LODGE. Well, on Monday, then, at 4 o'clock. the editing of diplomatic, consular, and other commercial reports. - Mr. HALE. That is right. The amendment was agreed to. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Massachu Mr. HALE. After the word "copies," in line 18, page 27,. I setts asks unanimous consent that a vote may be had on the con.. move to insert what I send to the desk. ference report relating to what is known as the immigration bill The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment will be stated. on Monday next at 4 o'clock. Is there objection? •• 1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1725
Mr. PALMER. For the moment, I object. Capt. Smith Stallard Leach, to be major, February 5, 1897, vice. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Objection is made. Allen, promoted. Mr. LODGE. In the presence of objection, I feel it my duty to First Lieut. William Edward Craighill1 to be captain, Februa'l'y· ask the Senate to go on with the report to-day. 5, 1897, vice Leach, promoted. :Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. President- Second Lieut. James Bates Cavanaugh, to be first lieutenant, Mr. LODGE. Will the Senator from Ohio allow me for one February 5, 1897, vice Craighill, promoted. moment? Quartermaster's Department. Mr. PALMER. If I can speak without inteiTUption for a min Maj. Edwin Byron Atwood, quartermaster, to be deputy quarter• I ute, I will say that I objected for the moment. I desire to address master-general, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, February 11,1 the Senate on the report, and the junior Senator from Maryland 1897, vice Rockwell, retired from a-ctive service. also wishes to speak. When he will return, I am unable to say. Capt. George Enoch Pond, assistant quartermaster, to be quar·1 Mr. FAULKNER. The Senator from Maryland expects to be termaster, with the rank of major, February 11, 1897, vice A.twood,. here to-morrow. He is not going to leave the city, but he had to promoted. go to inform his wife of this sad occurrence. Lieut. John M. Carson, jr., to be assistant quartermaster, witllJ Mr. PALMER. In his absence, I do not see how we can make the rank of captain, February 11, 1897, vice Pond, promoted. an agreement. Mr. LODGE. I have gone over two days beyond the time asked by the Senator from. M.arylan
1'726 OONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 11,
BIRMINGHAM AND WARRIOR RIVER WATERWAY. $18,390,000. But your committee, after careful consideration, felt Mr. CLARKE of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous con that we must ex necessitate take into consideration the condition sent for the present consideration of the resolution which I send of the Treasury, and we must make a reduction, however strong to the desk. the·economical argument for larger appropriations. The resolution was read, as follows: Now then, bearing that in mind and still desiring to keep in the appropriation bill such an amount as would allow the Government R esolved, That the Senate be requested to furnish ~he House of Repre- ntatives a duplicate engrossed copy' of the joint resolution (S. R. 191) rela to proceed in the matter of fortifications, keeping its several items ve to the improvement of the waterway between Birmingham, Ala., and so happily correlated as that no branch of the service shall be ffe Black Warrior River, the same having been lost or misplaced. injured more than its fellow, we have arranged orr the basis of · The resolution was adopted. taking out of the estimate its contract features and such items as do not admit of c~rtailment, aggregating about $4,600,000, leaving ORDER OF BUSINESS, of the estimate practically $13,000,000 upon which we could play, Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House to use that expression. resolve itself into Committee of the Whole House on the state of These contract items are as follows: the Union for the purpose of considering the fortifications a'Qpro- Authorized contracts for gun and· mortar batteries, act priation bill. · · of 1896 ______~ _ . ______. ___ . _____ . __ .. ______$2, 500, 000 The motion was agreed to. Gun steel. ____ .. ______·-___ . __ _ _ _ 555, 038 The House accordingly resolved itself into Committee of the Guncarriages·------·------364,500 Whole, Mr. HULL in the·chair. 12-inch mortars. ______.. _____ .______510, 000 All points of order on the bill were reserved. ~ortarcarriages·------___ 178,000 Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Mr. Chairman, I move that the ~lortarshells.~------54,600 first reading of the bill be dispensed with. Steelshots ______~------32,938 There was no objection, and "it was so ordered. Bethlehem contract______156, 184 Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Mr. Chairman, in preseiJ.ting the annual budget for fortifications, I desire to call attention to some Total contract provisionscarried bythis bill ____ · 4,351,260 of the salient points of the bill. The bill carries on its face $9,178,325. At the proper time I will yield to the gentleman from· To this must be added the following items which do not a~it liew York [Mr. BARTLETT], my colleague on the committee, to of abatement: move an amendment of $75,000 for a sea wan at Sandy Hook, Preservation and repair_ .. ______---- $100,000 which, through inadvertence, was omitted, so that gentlemen in Preparation of plans_. ______------__ 5, 000 considering the bill may deem it one for $9,253,000, in round num Sea walls and embankments. ______------_____ ----- 33,000 bers. I desire further ·to call the attention of the committee to Torpedoes for harbor defense ______.______150,000 the fact that the estimates submitted to us from the Department Chemist _____ . _ . ____ . __ . ____ . __ . ______1, 500 aggregated. $18,390,256. During the Forty-ninth Congress, for Expenses connected with Sandy Hook Proving Grounds__ 38, 000 the fiscal year 1887-88, no appropriations whatever were made on Improvements at Watertown ArsenaL______17,000 account of fortifications, and for the twelve fiscal years from 1875 to Improvements at Watervliet ArsenaL ______51, 500 -1886, inclusive, the appropriations made by Congress for this pur Board of Ordnance and Fortification ______------150,000 pose averaged only about $540,000 per annum, while the average for·the fourteen years, including 1887 and 1888, was only $463,000 Total·------·--- 546,000 per ann.um. Last year it was decided, after full consideration Adding these totals, we have an aggregate of $4,897,260, which that the time had arrived when Congress should take a new depar is beyond the domain of argument, and only the remaining items ture in the matter of fortifications. of the bill may be considered, which latter items of estimate ag Your committee recognized a fact which had been patent to gi'egate $13,417,996. every observer, that our seacoast was practically undefended, Thereupon we requested the Department to take of this $13,- and that we were, as I stated on a previous occasion, in the same 000,000 two-thirds, one-half, one-third, and one-fourth, respec situation as a wealthy man who, with full knowledge of the facts, tively, and recast the estimate, having in view the agg1·ega~e ap seeks unfrequented paths which are beset by footpads and delib propriation corresponding to the several fractions I have already erately exposes himEelf to assault, blackmail, and robbery. We enumerated. I desire to print as a part of my remarks the adjust recognized the fact that although a competent board, which had ments made on these several bases by the Department; and in the been organized in 1885, known as the Endicott board, had sub absence of ·objection I will, without reading them at length, in mitted approved plans for fortifications estimated at that time to corporate them. require an expenditure of $120,000,000 and now estiinated to re quire about $80,000,000, fortifications which would satisfactorily Esti- Esti- Esti- Esti- protect our seacoast, yet, during the lapse of all these years, less o~~'{fal maws mates mates mates Item. reduced reduced reduced reduced 'than $20,000,000 in the aggregate had been expended for the pur mates. one- one- two- three- pose of fortifications, and this money had been expended mainly third. half. thirds. fourths. for purposes which may appropriately be termed •' housekeeping" ------in connection with the work of fortJfications, the real work not Authorized contracts for having been really entered upon. So that the appropriations made gun and mortar batteries, act of 1897. _- .•...... - --.•.. $2, 500, 000·$2, 500, 000 $2, 500, 000 $2, 500, 000 $2, 500, 000 at the last session of Congress, aggregating $7,414,000 in cash and Batteries . _----· ------5, 000,000 3, 070,667 2, 300,000 1, 341,333 859,000 making provision for more than $4,200,000 of contracts, practically Sites...... 500,000 500,000 300,000 300,000 300,000 did more for the fortific-ations of this country than had been done Preservation and repair..... 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 Preparation of plans...... 5,000 5,000 5;QQQ 5,000 5,000 in all the years since the war. Sea walls and emua.nkments. 33, 000 33, 000 33, 000 33, (XX) 33, 000 Encouraged by this action of Congress, the Department made Torpedoes for harbor de- ·its estimates for $18,390,000for the next fiscal year. This estimate fense ...... ------·- ---- 150, 000 150, ()()() 150, ()()() 150, ()()() 150, 000 Gun steel ...... ------1,117,326 1,U7,326 7«,884 558,663 261,830 ·was less than one-fifth of 1 per cent of the destructible property Carriages ...... ----_----· ___ _ 008, ()()() 908, 000 506,000 454,000 454,000 located at our harbors within the range of the guns of any hostile 12-inch mortars.------·--- ___ _ 1, 728, ()()() 1, 152, 000 960, 000 768, ()()() 576, 000 fleet which may no:w, without much hindrance, ravage our coast. . .12-inch carriages ...... ------772, 800 515, 200 429, 400 343,464 257; 600 One per cent of the value of this destructible property would make Gun steel a ...... ------555, 038 555, 038 555, 038 1>55, 038 555 038 364, 500 864, 500 364, 500 364, 500 364: 500 our coast impregnable. We would be provided with an excellent a':CC:~~~'t:~: a~:::::::::::: 510, 000 510, ()()() 510,000 510,000 510,000 .Mortar carriages defense with an expenditure equal to one-half the appropriation we Mortar shells a ______a._----- ___ _ 178,000 178,000 178,000 178,000 178,000 have made during the past fifteen years for our Navy. Is it wise, M. 600 54, 600 54, 600 54, 600 54, 600 Steel shota ______82, 938 82, 938 32, 938 82,938 32,938 I ask, to appropriate $30,000,000 per annum for a ~avy and less Reserve ammunition ______1, 597,686 676, 793 439, 516 169, 868 100,000 than one-third as much for fortification? I submit it is not. Every Rapid-fire guns...... •..... 517,025 172,343 142,343 ------·-·------· dime we expend for fortifications yields us as effective defense as Finishing and assembling at Army Gun Factory------806,142 306,142 20!1,(192 20!1, 092 20!1, 092 ·a dollar appropriated for a navy. This is a stubborn fact well Bethlehem contract.-.. ------156, 184 156, 184 156,184 156, 184 156, 184 known to every military man or one who has examined the sub Field guns ____ .... ------85,750 ~.585 28,585 ------ject. I make this statement to show that the estimates submitted Field-gun carriages-----·---- 206,854 68,952 68,952 ------· ------to us, $18,000,000, have, merit, and I make not the slightest quar- Field mortars.------15,040 15,040 15,040------Field-mortar carriages.---·-- 6, 060 6,060 6,, oou· _-_--__--_ ._- -_-_-_·__ --_-_-_:- __-_·_·_- rel with the Department. " Siege guns . .... ------~------46,225 15,075 15 075 _ I think that every gentleman familiar with thi"! estimate c~n Siege howitzers...... 45,555 15,355 15,355 ______.: __ ------see that such amount of money could be judiciously expende_d' m fortifications; that the only reason for not making the appropria ..Siegemortars ~~~~t~~~ c~~~~~~======______... 60,000~:~ *>,300!r:~ 20,300------~I:~~:::::::::::::::::::------tion is the lamentable condition of the Treasury. I make no ques Siege-mortar carriages.------47,820 15, 941) 15, 9ro -----,. ---· -----· ___ _ Sights______ltl,ru 15,418 15.«8 1u,aoo s,lOQ tion, and, in fact, no intelligent question can be made, but that if FUses and primers------7,1!'!'! 7;1?QQ 1;@ ts,ooo i,OOO .. the financial stress of the countl·y is· left o:ut of _consideration1 econ lnstruments, etc ~ ---·------2,000 2,000 2,000 1,600 l, Esti- Esti- Esti- Esti- item, but impotent to produce results, for without steel you can Original mates mates mates mates make no guns. Under the appropriation recommended we can Item. esti- reduced reduced reduced reduced procure only ten sets of forgings for 10-inch guns, and the same mates. one- one- two- three- third. half. thirds. fourths. number for 12-inch guns, while a reduction to the fourth sched --~ ------ule would procure for us only five sets of forgings for each of the two calibers. But you must keep those factories running, and Powder for issue ...... $33,585 $33,585 $33,585 $16, 790 $12,000 business men well know the waste which is involved in keeping a p~~~e~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~- 47 965 47,965 47,00.5 24, 000 20,000 fa-Ctory running which is not turning out product. _ That is waste; Proof of 8-inch, etc., guns.. .. 13:.300 13,300 13,300 6,650 6, 650 that is not economy. Proof of mortars ...... 46,385 30, 9"25 30,925 ~.385 20,660 Armor plates ...... •...... 80,000 40,000 40,000 26,000 Again, the capacity of the Government Gun Factory for assem Armament chests ...... 36,560 36,560 36,560 27,26:m . 27,420 bling these for~ings into guns; working eight hours per_day, is Carriages for machine guns. 51,500 51,500 51,500 able to absorb m one year the forgings which the original esti Chemist ...... 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 Sandy Hook Proving Ground: mates would procure, and it is therefore plain that a reduction of Current ex-penses ...... 27,000 27,000 27,000 27,000 27,000 one-half, which is contemplated by this bill, goes to the utmost Per diem of officers ...... 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 verg~ of safety. No a~ount of appropriation~ can hasten the.pr() Repair of railroad tracks. 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 Watertown Arsenal: duction of these forgmgs beyond the capacity of a few private Improvement of plant . .. 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 plants, and we must face the fact that even the reduction made by Extension of foundry the committee compels a serious delay in the procurement of for~ shed ...... 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 Watervliet Arsenal: ings sufficient to enable our shops to .carry on their works at.their· N_e:w machinez;fi, etc ..... 46,500 46,500 46,500 46,500 46,500 normal capacity. F1hn&"and gra nfi······· 3,000 3,000 3,ogg 3,000 3,000 Further than that, gentlemen, there is a large amount of this Repa1rs of sea. wa ...... 2,600 2,600 2,60 2,600 2,600 Board of Ordnance and For- work which is necessarily done by contract. These great arsenals tifications ...•...... ·...... 150,000 150,000 100,000 150,000 150,000 of our Government are the most efficient guards again-st extortion ------on. the p~rt of contractors. . Having those . great arsenals, and Total. •....••...•...... 18,315,256 13,821,391 11, 429,15.') 9,178,325 8,036,212 domg thiS work ourselves at those. arsenals, we can determine within reasonable limit whatthe cost of the manufacture of these Now, taking these items as they were thus furnished us by the heavy seacoa-st guns, of mortars,.and of gun carriages ought to Department, your committee ;felt that they could not reduce the be; and thus we have in our possession -information w..hiclrwill aggregate appropriations-to the lowest amount, because it would enableusadvantageouslytoplacecontractsrequiredinthisservice.- cripple the service. The several amount..s corresponding to the The other items of possible further reduction admit of similar fractions are as follows: Should we reduce tb.e reducible estimate analysis; and I may say in general that any-reduction of this~ bill by one-third, we would have $13,821,391. If we reduce the same puts a stop to the work of int-elligent coast defense, cripples the items by one-half, we would have $11,429,155. If we reduce them War Department in its work; -so. auspici-ously commenced and two-thirds, we would have $9,178,325, not including the Sandy works material disadvantage, and places it in the power or' con Hook item to which I have already referred. And if we reduce the tractors to extort from the Government. I have discu-ssed at this estimates th1·ee-fourths, we would have an aggregate of $8,036,212. length, Mr. Chairman, for two reasqns: First, for the reason tha.t The lowest estimate makes the following cuts under the next the facts are of general interest in the discussion of this bill and . lowest estimate, to which I desire to call attention: In the matter second, because it has been suggested in another place tb~t a~ of batteries, it would reduce the item from $1,341,333 to $859,000. effort would be made to reduce the items contained in this bill to This would cripple two branches of our service-first, the engi the fourth schedule set out in the tables to which I -:referred, and neering work; second, the mortars. Gentlemen will recall the which I have made a part of my remarks·. fact that these fortifications are now being erected at various ports In connection with this matter, Mr. Chairman, which I am .dis along our seacoast. A reduction from $1,341,333 to $859,000, if cussing, I desire to incorporate in my remarks at this point the apportioned among these various ports, would leave the amount tables which appear on page 75 of the hearings before the For.tifi. so small at many of these places that it would be only a shocking cations Subcommittee. waste of funds to carry on the work at those places at all. Money The tables are as follows: should be E'~xpended in such a way as to provide as many com The appr~ved plans call for the foll~wing numbers of 8, 10, 12, and 16inch pleted emplacements as the sum at our disposal will permit. In guns and 12-mch mortars-at the folloWIDg places: . other words, to avoid the waste we all discountenance, any mar terial reduction of this item will work an abandonment of the Gu.fl.s. work at important points. Let me call attention to some of the Port. 1---...,.-----:----,----1Mortars, places which must be neglected entirely if we do that. There 8-inch. 10-inch. 12-inch. -16-inch. 12-inch. would necessarily be abandoned all engineering work at Ports ------'-----1------mouth, N.H.; Baltimore, Md.; Washington, D. C., the capital of Portland, Me··· ·------10 10 18 48 B oston------·----- 5 15 17 6 1.28 our country; Charleston, S. C.; Savannah, Ga.; Key West, Fla.; New York ...... 9 24 55 . 14 150 Mobile, Ala.; Galveston, Tex., and Puget Sound, Washington. I Philadelphia...... 5 14 16 can not believe that any gentleman who studies the facts which Baltimore...... 4 . •.• .•... 7 32 are comprehended in the statement I have made will consent to a Washington...... 3 6 16 ------·4: --·--· --32 1·eduction in this appropriation involving the consequenc~s to 6" 16 which I have called attention. ~:r:~~~~~~======:======Savannah...... =~======4 1~ . 2 16 New Orleans (Endicott board) . . 10 oo - Then, too, I ask gentlemen to observe the fact that the mortar San Francisco...... 19 28 33 · ·----··s· ------ii4 branch of our service is one of the most effective and at the same Columbia. River ...... -----·-·--- - 4 11 2 48 time most inexpensive branches of our fortification works; and PugetSound ------·········· 8 18 5 so unfortunately it is one which has been least regarded thus far. ------Total.. ..••.... ,...... 76 131 193 -- 32 ·no Never for ten years past, until the last year, has any reasonable 78 100 92 1 146 provision been made for mortars. Under our adopted plans, mor tars being necessary adjuncts of direct-fire guns, we must in the ~+5. -101 1 -31 - -5M orderl~ prosecutio.n of the project provide a due complement of this arm. We can not with safety reduce this item. D oes not include eastern entrance to Long Island· Sound. Let me call the attention of the House to the fact that at the Empla-cements provided in the foregoing ports are as follows: eleven great ports of our country where it is proposed to utilize 710 of these mortars, we have but 121 of them. If it is the pur G~ns. pose of gentlemen to fortify our coasts; if we are not making a Port. 1------.,------l Mortars, 8-inch. 10-inch. 12-inch. 16-inch. 12-inch. dress parade of t-his matter; if we wish to resolve this question as ------1------men of business resolve questions, looking to results; if it is our policy to get the most possible for our money, then we do not Portland, Me------· ------·- 5 2 ...... 16 Boston----~------·------...... · 7 ------...... 16 want to cripple this branch of our service. New York-----· · ------·-· ·-- -- ~ ---- 16 . 2 ...... 32 Another thing: If we further reduce this appropriation below Philadelphia. ______------3 3 ...... •..... Baltimore ------3 ------· 1 ------8 the point which has been recommended by your committee, we Washington ------··-··········· 3 3 ...... : ______reduce the item for gun steel from $558,000 to $261,830. What Hampton Roads...... 3 ...... 16 does that mean, gentlemen? It means that you wm·take away Charleston··------·------...... 3 ...... ·------16 Savannah ...... _...... 4 ---·---- - ...... ------...... from the great arsenals of this country, which are doing the best New Orleans ______····----- 2 ·------...... work done by any arsenals in the world (thanks to the efficiertt Sa:n Francisco ...... ------.. ------····--- 3- 9 ...... ___ 16 conduct of the War Department)-you rob them of working ma Columbia River...... 8 4 ------______...... terials and prevent them from carrying on their work; you leave Puget Sound------······ --- 6 ~ ______...... ------+---- practically the expense of carrying on those institutions at the Total..______~8 55 19 120 points where they are now, with the sole exception of the labor. : 1728 OONGRESSION.AL .RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 11, Emplacements are provided as follows at other ports than thosen::tm.ed' Twelve-inch mortm·s, 1nodel 1896,No. 68.-16 reaaynow; 20 ready July 1,18!r7; &bove: 16 ready September 1, 1897; 16 ready Octobe1·l, 1897. It is expected that all of the above emplacements will be completed by the •' end of the calendar year 1897. · ______o_un-,-s __ · __ ....,.... ____. . Mortars, Port. 1 1 8-inch. 10-inch. l12-inch. 16-inch. 12-inch. Provided for by aU acts, Estimates including fm- 1898, ----·-·g· ======June6, $5,000,000. t~~:~~!~tfBa.~~==:===~=====Ea-stern entrance to Long Island ------~------i~ 1896. Sound. ______---·------· ------·····----- 2 ------~----· ill:~~~~~=~·=~~~::::::::::::::------~------r ~=~===== ::::::::: ~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ------24 Mobile------·--·"-·~----- 4 ------·------······· Galveston. _....•....•••.•.••••••....••. ---- 2 ------8 10 ------San Diego •.••.•• ----·············------:------2 ------· --·------•••.••••••- 21 TotaL______11 16 2 ------~ 2 I 13 50 1 I also desire to submit some tables in connection with the origi 63 nal estimates of the Department and the reduction contemplated 4:5 by the snbcommitteel which I send to the Clerk's desk and ask to 14J. have read. Compm"ison of emplacements to be provided .for by all ar>propriation acts to The Clerk read as follows: date and by estimates.jor 1898, with total numberreq_u:u-ed unde-r approved p1·ojects. On the basis of the original estimate of $.:),000,000 for guns and mortal· bat teries, it was proposed by the War Department to build 25 emplacements for 12-inch guns, 23 emplacements for !(}.inch guns, 13 emplacements for Guns. 8-inch guns, and 1« emplacements for 12-inch mortars. 1-----.----,----.....---.---1Mortars. On the basis of the reduction contemiJlated by the third schedule, namely, Hi-inch. 12-inch. 10-inch. 8-inch. R. F. !1,341,333, only the following number can be constructed: six emplacements for 12-inch guns, 5 emplaC'.ements for 10-inch guns, and 88 emplacements for 12-inch mortars. . Total emplacements re· On the basis proposed by the fourth schedule the number that can be con quired under approved projects------ 181 103 361 1,050 structed will be reduced still further to 5 emplacements for 12-inch guns, 4 Total emplacements pro em_placements for 10-inch guns, and 76 empla.cements for 12-inch mortars. vided for, including es- In addition to the foregoing, the1>e weuld be· constructed a few emplace ments for rapid-fire guns-on the basis of the fourth schedule only 3 and on timates for 189lL ___ ------••.. 46 96 131 the basis of the third schedule only 15. Thus it will be seen that even on the basis of the third schedule nearly all Guns provided for by Ordnance Department, including act of June 6, 1896. of tbe construction work on the new defense&, except, for mortar batteries, [Taken from report of Secretary of War for 1896, page 28.] will have to be discontinued, and continuance of work even on the mortar batteries will be very seriously crippled. Guns. 1 8-inch. 10-in 1 92 136 78 18 146 Guns completed and on hand August 30, 1896.------65 63 22 = I= Carriages completed and on hand August 30,1896: COMPARISON OF HIRED LABOR AND CONTRACT WORK. Barbette .... ·------8 5 6 The following tabulated statements show the. rel!Uive cost of emplace. ments by hired labor and contract under the act of June 6, 1896. They are 8~~~~~~~~:::::==~=::::::::::~======------~------~- 2 based on the best data now obtainable, bu1 accurate comparisons can not be Casemate------·------~.--- •.....•. ------____ ---·.. 1 made until aftei' the working season of 1897, when all or the greater portion of the contract work will have been completed. Owing to the greater num 13 28 9 ber of emplacements compared, the average cost of the 12-inch nondisap = = pearing, 10-in 1897. .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. ·1729 Cost of emplacements by hired labor under act of Jun e 6, 1896-Continued. must be conceded, that no expenditure made by this Congress has FIVE-INCH RAPID-FIRE ( E STIMATED COST). been more generally commended than that made for fortifications. We cultivate the arts of peace, but can have.assuranceof amity Num Locality. ber. Cost. with all only as we are prepared to resist unjust encroachment. There must always be, in the case of every self-respecting nation, a manifestly fair relation between assertion and ability to main Fort Hancock------: ...... 1 $10,000 Long Island Head------··• ·------3 32 , ~ tain. Weproposenoconquests,andhence haveno needforagreat Willets Point.------1 4,000 Navy, already too expensive; but we should on every consideration l , of prudence and patriotism properly guard the great ports on our ~~:~:!r~~~~~~=====~====~~======~~~Fort Winfield Scott------~ =:: :; ::: 2 ~.owg;~ borders. This is a matter of great national concern, and, with due 1---1---- regard to the condition ofour Treasury, should be prosecuted, not Total.------·------.------9 77,~ spasmodically, when baleful war fever sweeps over the country, but each year, until completed in a businesslike, economical fash or $8,577 per emplacement. ion. Last year we appropriated $7,400,000; this bill carries about TWEL~·INCH MORTARS. $9,250,000, making over $16,500,000 for this Congress. At this rate eight years more will finish the work. This rate I favor, and along $100,000 this line this bill is drawn. · Fort Monroe .... ---·--••.•.. ---·--·----- ~ ----· - · ••.• ------···P. 125,000 1 125, 500 And now, sir, unless some other gentleman desires to address fE!~i:~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~::::::::::::::: i 112,000 the committee, I ask unaniinous consent that the general debate be considered as closed.· . Total •... ---- ••...• ------·------··---··- . ~ 462,500 Mr. BAKER of New Hampshire. Will the gentleman yield for a question? or $9,635 per emplacement. Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Certainly. .E&timated cost of emplacements by contract, act June 6, 1896. Mr. BAKER of New Hampshire. Will the gentleman please TWELVE-TNCH DISAPPEARING. explain specifically the difference betweeiJ. the estimates and the Amount amount can·ied in the bill, which I see is about $9,000,000? I Amount think we would all be glad to know wherein the difference lies, to be set re~~~ed between the estimates of the Department and the amounts recom- Num- Amount aside for supervi Locality. settle sion and Total. mended in the bill. . ber. of bid. ment engi Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. I have already asked to have made with con neering a part of my remarks the several estimates covering the amount tractor. ex of $18,000,000 estimated .by the Department, showing the various penses. items and also indicating-the.percentages of reduction proposed by the committee. I have explained the most important of them • Great Gull Island ------ . 2 $106,628. 80$115,000.00$17,000.00 $132,000.00 1 40,000. 00 46, 500. 00 3, 500.00 60, 000. 00 If the gentleman has in mind any particular item in the bill, I Hawkins Point------would be very glad to explain it. · · · TotaL •.... ------3 ------182,000.00 Mr. BAKER of New Hampshire. I am satisfied if it goes into the RECORD. Average cost per emplacement, $60.667. Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. And now, Mr. Chairman, for the EIGHT-INCH AND TEN-INCH DISAPPEARING. purpose of allowing ·another important appropriation bill to be reported, I move that the committee rise. Fort Constitution.______2, 8 $55,372.52 $60,000.00 $5,000.00 $65,000.00 The motion was agreed to. Dutch Island------a, 10 85,450.50 100,000.00 8,000.00 1~,000.00 ·;Fort Hancock ------a, 10 78,202.00 00,000. 00 3,690.00 93,690.00 The committee accordingly rose; and the Speaker havin~ resumed ·Hawkins Point_------a, 8 82,064. 46 87,800.00 6,000.00 93,800.00 the chair, Mr. HULL reported that the.Committee of the Whole . Sheridans Point_~ __ . _.• __ .: 3, 8 90, 898. 10 100, 000. 00 8, 000. 00 108, 000. 00 House on the state-of the Union, having had under consideration . Wilmington------. a, 8 99,947.17 119,900.00 8,000.00 127,900.00 Charleston, S. c______a, 10 153,270.50 167,000.00 10,000.00 177,000.00 the bill H. R. 10288, had come to no resolution thereon. aavaunah. ---- ·-··------4, 10 142,222.72 150,000.00 12,000.00 162,000.00 SUNDRY CIVIL .A.PPROPRI.A.TION BILL. San Diego. ______2,_1o_ __1oa_, oas_._oo_ _1_oo_,_ooo_. oo_ __9_, ooo_ ._._oo _1_18_,_ooo_.oo_ 1 1 1 1 · Mr. CANNON. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Committee TotaL------26 ------______1,053,390.00 on Appropriations, I desire to report the bil_l (H. R. 10292) making appropriations for the sundry civil expenses of the Government Average cost per emplacement, $40,515. for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1898,· and for other.pmposes. TWELVE-INCH MORTARS. I ask that this bill be printed and appropriately referred. Mr. McMILLIN. I desire to reserve all points ~f order. ' North Point_: ______-.,. __ _ 8 $91, 51a. 31 $109, 900. 00$10, 500. 00 $~. 400. 00 8 . 96, 491: Bo 111,000. 00 8, 000. 00 119, 000. 00 The SPEAKER. .The bill will-be printed ·and referred to the · GaJ:veston ...... ••...••••.•• Committee of the Whole Honse on the state of the Union. All Total ••...••••.•• _.--- . 16 239,400.00 rights_are reserved.· ORDER. OF BUSINESS. . Average cost per emplacement, $1t',962 . . Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. I move that the House resolve Comparative east of emplacements. itself into Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Difference Union to resume consideration of the fortifications appropriation Hired labor. Contract. jn favor of bill. . hlred labor. Mr. BARTLETT of Georgia. Will the gentleman withdraw that for a: moment, to enable me to make a report? 12-inch disappearing ______------(4) $47,767 (3) $60,667 $12,900 Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Certainly. . 12-inchnondisappearing, 10.inch and . CONTESTED-ELECTION CA.SE-WATSON VS. BLACK. _ 8_-inch disappearin:g ------;------(35) 39,227 -----· . ------1,288 10-mch and 8-mch dJ.Sapp~armg ------(26) 40,515 Mr. BARTLETT of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, oy direction of · 12-inch mortars ------(48) 9,635 (16) 14, 900 5,265 Committee on Elections No.1, I submit t.be 'unanimous report of that committee in the contested-election case of Thomas E. Wat -. Corrected to January 23, 1897. son against James 0. C. Black, from the Tenth Congressional dis Statemen t showing disposal of ap prop1'iation for ..Sit es for fortifications and trict of Georgia, and ask that it be priri.ted and appropriately · seacoast def enses," act of June 6, 1896. • referred. I wjll state that the committee will, at such time as Purchase of tract at- . Boston, Mass., Peddocks Island.------$33,130. ()0 suits the convenience of. the House, call it up for considerationj Narragansett Bay, Conanicut Island ...... ------···----- 105,259.88 at which time the contentions of the contestant may be presentea. East entrance L ong Island Sound, Plum Island______25,000.00 to the House, if desired by the House. Charleston, S.C., Sullivans Island .... ------·------3, 782. 36 Key West, Fla., Martello Tower No.2------4,600.00 The SPEAKER. The report will be printed and referred to Galveston, Tex., city front ___ _. ------·-----·------85,000.00 the House Calendar. · San Diego, Cal; Cd!'onado Beach------·----···------··------2,500.00 Puget Sound, Washington: ORDER OF BUSINESS. Admiralty Inlet ____ : ______..• ---- ____ ----·-····----·----·----- 7,~ . 00 Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Speaker I ·ask unanimous consent for the Marrowstone Point . . . . ------'--··------·--··· a, 480.00 present consideration of. the joint resolution (S. R. 121) to amend. Expenses incurred in making above purchases------2,474. 92 an act granting to the Duluth and Winnipeg Railroad Company a TotaL ______· ------~ ------222, 427.16 right of way through the Chippewa and White Earth Indian reser- - I have little further to add to the remarks already submitted. vations in the State of Minnesota. - Gentlemen will understand that this bill has been constructed The SPEAKER. The bill will be read, subject to the right of symmetrically, with a view to carrying on this important work objection. most advantageously. I have assumed in these remarks, what . .Mr. BAll,tEY. ~ow_ does that come_up, Mr. Speaker? UIX-J09 .-'1730 CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY: 11, The SPEAKER. The gentleman asks unanimous consent. It constructon .of railroads, and for other purposes," approved Sep ~equires una.nimoUB consent. , tember 29, 1890, and the several acts amendatory thereof. Mr. BAILEY. I demand the regular order. The message also announced that the Senate had passed ·with 'l'he SPEAKER. ObJection is made. amendments the bill (H. R. 9961) making appropriations for the Department of .Agriculture for the fiscal year ending 30, FORTIFICATION APPROPRI.A.TIO~ BILL. June 1898, in which the concurrence of the House was requested. Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. I now renew my motion, Mr. · The message also announced that the Senate had further in Bpeaker, that the House resolve itself into Committee of the sisted upon its disagreement to the amendments of the House of Whole to further consider the fortification appropriation bill. Representatives to the bill (S. 1832) to define the rights of pur The motion wae agreed to. chasers under mortgages authorized by an act of Congress ap The House accordingly resolved itself into Committee of the proved April20, 1871, concerning the At-lantic and Pacific Raih·oad Whole House on the state of the Union, Mr. HULL in the chair. Company, had agreed to the further conference asked by the Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. If no other gentleman desires to HoUBe on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, and be heard generally on the bill, I ask that general debate be now had appointed Mr. HILL, Mr. PLATT, and Mr. CLARK . as the con closed. ' ferees on the part of the Senate. 'I'he CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. The message also announced that the Senate had agreed to the HAINER] asks that general debate be now closed. If there be no amendments of the House of Representatives to the joint resolu objection, it will be so ordered. tion (S. R. ·148) for the relief of farmers and truckmen in the city There was no objection. of Washington, D. G. , The Clerk (proceeding with the reading of the bill by paragraphs) read as follows: FORTIFICATION APPROPRIATION BILL, Sites for fortifications and seacoast defenses: For the procurement of land, The committee resumed its session. pr right pertaining thereto, needed for the site, location, construction, or prosecution of works for fortifications and coast defenses, $300,000. Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Mr. Chairman, the remarks of the gentleman from New York [Mr. FISCHER] illustrate anew a Mr. FISCHER. Mr. Chairman, I offer the amendment which peculiarity of human genius. From many different sources we . I send to' the Clerk's desk. learn of inventions and discoveries. Each inventor and each dist The Clerk read as follows: coverer believes himself to have a monopoly of whatever credit is Insert in line 13, page 2, after the word "dollars," the following: due for his invention or discovery.- The fact is that the Romer " For defraying the expense necessary for an investigation of the feasibility of erecting and constructing a fortification and seacoast defense, consisting Shoal hasnotescaped the observation of men who have given their {>f revolving turrets·or other defense, upon Romer Shoals a.t the entrance to lifetime in study of the fortification of our seacoast, and the the harbor of New York, Sl,OOO." detailed plans appear in the War Department for making this Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Mr. Chairman, I reserve the point fortification. There has been a survey of every single foot of the of orde.r on that amendment for the purpose of allowing the gen Romer Shoal, and the locality and use of it have been fully deter tleman to be heard. mined by the proper DepartmeJlt. Mr. FISCHER. Mr. Chairman, briefly stated, the facts in con I suggest also to my friend that there is an inherent . vice in nection with this amendment are these: I caused to be introduced undertaJring in any -event, even if it were in order, to saddle ap a bill known as H. R. 10080, calling for the same legislation. propriations for any particular point upon this bill. I desire fur Romer Shoal, in New York Harbor, at the point indicated in the ther, in this eonnection, to urge upon the committee generally, and bill which I introduced, is the best point for defense in the harbor entirely apart from the amendment offered by the gentleman of New York, and is so admitted by army and navy officers who fr<>m New York [Mr. FISCHER], but simply taking that as a text, have been interviewed since the introduction of this measure. that the general plan of coast defense involves twenty-eight prin The three channels entering New York Harbor are known as the cipal points. I may safely say that nine-tenths of the dangers Main Ship Channel, Gedney Channel, and Swash Channel. Romer :under which this country is resting center about five or six points -Shoal is situated exactly in the center, so that any vessel entering at the farthest. Unfortunately, no Congress has had the courag-e the harbor of New York must of necessity pass around this shoal. to make provisions in appropriations for these points in the order The greatest distance from the shoal to the main channel at any of their importance, and it would be asking too much of the War given point does not exceed 2,000 feet, and by reason of the forma Department to concentrate. these appropriations at these pivotal tion of these channels n<> vessel could enter the port of New York points. If they do so, we might with truth say that with the without presenting to any fortifications erected on this shoal .a appropriations already made and those contained in this bill the broadside fu·e for almost the entire distance it is compelled to sail great danger to our seacoast would be provided against. But it is from the time it reaches Sandy Hook light-ship until it reaches not so. These fortifications are scattered along the .entire coast, the Narrows, at which point we have Forts Wadsworth and here and therel to meet the importunities of the public-each Hamilton. locality urr·ng its special dangers upon the Department. The This amendment calls for only a slight appropriation, asking Departmen has in good faith and with rare tact responded to only for a sufficient sum of money to defray the expense of inves these numerous and diverse calls as well as it .could within the tigation and report as to the feasibility of. this project. limits of the Endicott board plan. Hence we would simply in I was informed by the chairman of the subcommittee having crease that trouble, making these expenditures uneconomical and charge of this bill that by the report of the Endicott board, filed unnecessarily great by inserting in the bill provisions for begin some years ago in the War Department, this scheme had already ning work at any particular point. Having said this much, Mr. been taken up and plans for this project had been filed. I have Chairman, I insist on my point of order. · spent some time at the War Department, and have investigated The CHAIRMAN. The Chair would like to hear the gentle the Endicott report, but I am sorry to say that I can not find man from Nebraska on the point'Of order. In what does it change anything in it relative to this particular improvement. any existing law? The Chair understands there is a Board of For Now, no harm can come from this proposition, and much good tifications which has the power now of determining the question can; and I want to say, in further explanation of it • that if this of making this very investigation, if the Board so desires. ' project were authorized, the cost of cribbing and filling,1 turrets Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. The Endicott board made a gen and ordnancel everything complete, woulrl not exceed the cost of eral plan which has since been followed. The law places all dis the machinery alone on a battle ship, and here we should have a cretion in the War Department, where it properly belongs, to fortification in the center of the three channels absolutely unsink determine the details. It is a change of the law to that extent. able, requiring no dry docking two or three· times a year, requir It takes away the discretion that is invested in the War Depart ing no crew, officers, or engineers at an enormous expense per ment. month, a work that might be 'left in the charge of a small detail Mr. DOCKERY. If it does not change existing law, why is it of troops from the regular force, and would afford a protection here? equivalent, so far as armament is concerned, to two monitors, with The CHAIRMAN. Is it not simply directory? The law creat none of the liabilities of sinkage and none of the dangers of travel ing the Board of Fortifications gave it discretionary power over by sea. the entire seacoast defense, and, if that be true, wherein does it MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. change any law to make a specific appropriation for one place? Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Anything, -Air. Chairman, that The committee informally rose; and Mr. SHERMAN having taken changes existing law from either directory or discretionary is a the chair as Speaker pro tempore, a message from the Senate, by change of existing law. The Board of Ordnance and Fortifica Mr. PLATT, one of its clerks, announced thattheSenatehad passed tion have nothing to do with surveys or. with making plans for without amendment bills of the following titles: defense at any point. A bill (H. R. 1498) directing the Secretary of War to grant an The OHAIRMAN. The Chair will ask the gentleman from ~ honorable discharge to William: M. Dalzell; Nebraska, Would it not be in the power of the Congress in this bill A bill (H. R. 1323) for the relief of Ira H. Sweatt; and to make a specific appropriation for each particular place where A bill (H. R. 9493) to amend an act entitled "An act to forfeit ever they wanted to expend the money; and if so, would tha" certain lands heretofore granted for the purpose of aiding in the change .any existing law? OONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HO{JSE. - 1731 Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. I think it would. The entire powers to-determine such questions as the one raif?ed· by this policy and wrm of the present law is to leave this matter in the amendment. The amendment is a limitation on this discretion, hands of the War Department-that branch of our Government and directs the board to investigate this particular point. I sup trained for this purpose. This amendment would take it away pose it is offered under an apprehension, or rather a misapprehen from the hands of the expert branch and put it in the hands of sion, that there is some danger to this country from foreign inva those who are untrained in the matter. It seems to me it would sion. I trust the House will vote down the amendment, for, in _ be a startling innovation on both the law and policy to allow an my judgment, there is no danger whatever from foreign invasion. amendment of this kind to be ::ingrafted in the bill. There are no enemies in sjght, except the enemies of the Treasury Mr. FISCHER. Mr. Chairman, I understand the gentleman to of the United States, and this amendment is one expression of say that it is an offense to suggest an idea to the Wax: Department. their hostility. rLaughter.] If it is an offense, I may be excused. The only pomt that I can Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Chairman, I desire to say to my colleague see in the gentleman's remarks is, this is a change of existing law _from New York [Mr. BARTLETT] that this is not a matter which in that it makes an appropriation for a particular place. I would concerns- Brooklyn alone. It concerns the defense of the entire like to call attention to the bill, wherein you will find many hH.rbor of New York; and Staten Island, which is a portion of the specific appropriations are made in the very line of this amend district that my friend represents, would be benefited by it, at ment-for Watertown Arsenal, for Watervliet Arsenal, for Sandy least as much as any other locality. The matter is of national Hook. Are not these special and particular appropriations? importance. This amendment simply proposes an appropriation There is no other way by which you can arrive at it. of $1,000 for a survey, and it is a reasonable proposition-- Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. My friend is not a novice in mat Mr. HAINER ot Nebraska (interposing). But the survey has ters of legislation. He knows· that those are establishments of been made. Why does the gentleman insist that this is a reason the Government and are regularly estimated for. They certainly able proposition when the survey has been already made and every do not stand on the same basis as his amendment; and my friend fact determined? recognized that when he introduced his bill for making this sur Mr. BENNETT. I am given to understand that the survey has vey which is now pending before the Appropriations Committee. not been made, If it made no change of existing law~ my friend would certainly Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. But I havemadecareful examina not have wasted his work or wasted his midnight vigil in prepar tion of that question and have seen the detailed sketches of the ing for introduction that bill. survey. _ Mr. FISCHER. 1 am sorry if I disturbed my friend. .Mr. BENNETT. But has a survey been made of this particu- The CHAIRMAN. The Chair thinks this amendment is in order. lar point? · The deshability of such legislation can be passed upon by the Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Yes, of this particular shoal. r committee. have explained that three or four times. Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Then I ask for a vote. Mr. BENNETT. Then if the survey has been made, the ex Mr. HOWE. Ml.·. Chairman, I hope this amendment will pass penditure of this thousand dollars would be unnecessary, and then or receive favorable consideration. . The harbor of New York, the this amendment would virtually carry no appropriation? great entrance to the city of New Yor~ n~eds prot~ction, _and if Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Of course it is unnecessary, and this proposed amendment shall pass It will make It possible to the whole scheme of it is vicious. - increase the defense of this great harbor. It would be sensible Mr. BENNETT. Then does the. gentleman say that, the sur and reasonable that this amendment should be favorably con vey having been made, all that would be required would be a sidered. My friend has stated that it is unfortunate that these recommendation from the War Department to bring it properly great bulwarks of defense should have been dela·yed and gone before Congress? without notice so long. It is high time, Mr. Chairman, for that Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. I say that if you should pass this defense to be considered. This amendment simply calls for a amendment you would compel the expenditure of $1,000 for work preliminary survey and an appropriation to pay the expense. I that has been already done, and in addition to that you would hope this amendment will be adopted. establish a vicious precedent, so that any gentleman here might, _ Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. Mr. Chail·man, I simply desire to by a little log-rolling, have an appropriation made for a survey at say that this survey of these shoals has already been made. This any particular point in which he took' an interest, thus taking this would be a waste of expenditure. Further than that, no estimate business out of the competent hands in which it now rests (th-e has been made by any officer for this; no request has come from War Department) and putting it into the hands of novices. the War Department for this. It is just simply a request of the Mr. BENNETT. Will the gentleman accept the amendment if gentleman, who is an amateur yachtsman and has been grounded it turns out that the survey has not been made? on this particular shoal. I ask for a vote. Mr. HAINER of Nebraska. No, I will not, because I think the Mr. FISCHER. Will the gentleman permit a question? general scheme of such amendments is vicious, and I do not want Mr·. HAINER of Nebraska. I yield to my colleague on the com to see such a precedent established on any bill with which I have mittee (Mr. BARTLETT]. anything to do. Mr. BARTLETT of New York. Mr. Chairman- Mr. BENNETT. I do not see what objection there can be to Mr. FISCHER. Will my colleague allow me to ask the gentle this amendment, either on the part of the gentleman from Ne man a question? braska or of any other member of the Appropriations Committee, Mr. BARTLETT of New York. You can ask him afterwards. if the survey has not been made. Mr. FISCHER. I will try to remember after the gentleman Mr. GROUT. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last has finished. word. Th-e point of objection to this amendment seems to lie par Mr. BARTLETT of New York. Mr. Chairman, I represent the ticularly in this view; but first let me say, by way of distinguish lower district of New York, the district that would be most affected il:\g this from some other bills, that this is not a river and haTbor by the expenditure of this thousand dollars, and I am opposecl to bill. We have provided for the defense of our coast under the this appropriation for two reasons. In the first place-1 it would be direction of skillful engineering officers, who make surveys and ~waste of public money. I-t is unnecessary to expena this sum of plant fortifications and batteries where they think they will do 1,000 for this purpose, because the work has already been done. the most good. Now, this. House knows nothing about the pro The survey has been inade, as has been stated by the chairman of priety of planting a fortification at the point indicated in this thesubcommittee in charge of this bill. But, Mr. Chairman, there amendment, or even of making a survey for that purpose. To is another reason. We have a competent Secretary of War, and pass such an amendment here would be firing absolutely in the we have under him engineer officers who are competent to dis dark. If any gentleman thinks the engineel'ing officers are over charge their duties. Have they come to the subcommittee and looking an ilnportant strategic point in New York Harbor or else asked for this appropriation? No, gentlemen; because they realize where, the proper thing to do is to go to the Engineer Department, that it would be a mere waste of public money. It is all very well o1· to the ·secretary of War, and ha.ve the matter brought to the for gentlemen who represent the city of Brooklyn or some other attention of the House in .an official way, with the sanction of the part of the State of New York to rise and talk about'' the great men who are supposed to know all about such matters. It seems harbor of New York" and the "great bulwarks of defense." I to me very unwise to adopt an amendment of this kind, and I believe in the largest and fullest appropriations that are necessary hope it will be voted down. for the protection of the harbor of New York, but I do not believe Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Chairman, we believe this to be such a in taking a dollar of the"public money for a purpose which is abso- reasonable proposition that we beg that it be not voted down. lutely futile. _ The gentleman in charge of this bill states that the survey has Mr. DOCKERY. Mr. Chairman, I desire to co~atulate my been made. If it has been made, there will be no necessity for tha colleague on the committee, the gentleman from New York [Mr. expenditure. BARTLETT], on what seems to be a new-born zeal for economy and Mr. CANNON. Mr. Chairman, against an expenditure of $1,000, retrenchment, but still I am very glad that he stands in opposition more or less, where it is necessary, I have, of course, no word of to this amendment. In my view, and with perfect respect for the objection to submit; but I want to call the attention Qf the com decision of .the Chan·, this proposition does change existing law, mittee to a few facts. This work of fortifications proceeds under because we have now a board which is clothed with general the Endicott pla~. W~en completed, it is to cost a very large sum -1-732 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. . . . of money. It is progressing in a very satisfactory way; and I sumed the chair, Mr. HULL reported that the Committee of the may say, considering everything, it is speedily progressing in Whole House on the state of the Union, having had'under consid · accordance with well-defined plans under the direction of the eration the fortification appropriation bill, had. dire.cted him to Secretary of War, the Board of Ordnance, utilizing the Chief of report the same to the House with the recommendation that as Engineers, and the Chief of o~q.nance. The pl~n is C ( J I 1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 1733 be hereafter authorized by Iaw, except such indebtedness as has been recog certify the same to the board of supervisors in each county and to the munici nized or covered by reason of an act of the legislative assambly of New Mexico, -pal and school authorities; and the said board of supervisors, or authoriti£-s, approved January28,1867, entitled "An act to amend an act entitled 'Militia' are hereby directed and required to enter such rate on their assessment rolls and acts amendatory: thereof," and for the purpose of -paying, redeem in the same manner and with the same effect as is provided bylawinrelatiou ing, and refunding all or any part of the principal and interest, or either, to other Territorial, county, municipal, and school taxes. Every tax levied of the legal indebtedness hereby l?rovided to be paid, and also that which under the provisions and authority of this act is hereby made a lien against may at any time become due, or IS now or may be hereafter authorized the property assessed, which lien shall attach on the first Monday in March by law, the said commissioners shall from time to time issue negotiable in each year, and shall not be satisfied or removed until such tax has been paid. coupon bonds of the Territory when the same can be done in harmony with .All moneys derived from taxes authorized by the provisions of this act shall this act. be paid into the Territorial treasury, and shdll be applied: SEa. 3. That said bonds shall be issued as nearly as practic.able in denomi First. To the payment of the interest on the bonds issued hereunder. nations of $1,000, but bonds of a lower denominatiOn, not less than $250, may · Second. To the payment of the principal of such bonds: Provided, 'rhat all be issued when necessary. Said bonds shall bear interest at a rate to be moneys remaining in the interest fund after the payment of the interest, and fixed by said loan commissioners, not exceeding 4 per cent, except bonds pll moneys remaining in 1:.he redemption fund after all said bonds shall have issued by the Territory of .Arizona in exchan~e for indebtedness of the kind been paid and discharged, shall be transferred by the Territorial treasurer to and description in this act authorized and required to be funded or exchanged, the Territorial general fund. - · and which indebtedness has already been presented to be exchanged under SEo. 10. That whenever, after the expiration of the forty years from the existing law, in which case said bonds shall bear interest at a rate not to date of issuance of any bonds under this act, there remains after th warrants a.s may be issued for the necessary and current expenses of carry and interest in lawful money of the United States, without allow ing on Territorial'\..county, municipal, and school governments for the year ending December ;jl, 1898 may also be funded and bo~ds issued for the r~ ing it to be confined to gold. demption thereofj and thereafter no warrants, cert1fl.cates, or other eVI Mr. PAYNE. l\Ir. S:t?eaker, I do not see that there would be d ences of indebteaness shall be allowed to issue orb~ legal where the same is any wrong committed if the language of this bill were allowed to in excess of the limit prescribed by the Harrison Act. remain as it is. I do not know why the other Territories should The SPEAKER. The question is on the engrossment and third not be permitted to issue gold-bearing bonds as well as the Terri reading of the bill. ' tory of Arizona, which was authorized to do so by a former Con Mr. DOCKERY. 1\fr. Speaker, we would like to find out some- gress. I do not remember whether it was the last Congress or a thing about this matter. · preceding Congress. Mr. McMILLIN. I desire to call the attention of the House to Mr. TERRY. I want to suggest to the gentleman from New the fact that this bill appears, upon its facs, to make it possible to York that in the case of Arizona, of which it speaks, it did not force upon the TelTitories a policy which Congress has not seen come to the attention of Congress and members of the House fit he1·etofore to require of the people of the United States gener were not aware of the fact that gold was named in the contract ally. aud that is a provision for the issuance of gold bonds or at the time the bill originally passed through the Fifty-second bonds the interest on1which is payable in gold. As I understand Congress, as I recollect. the bill, by a hasty reading, it provides, not that the interest may Mr. PAYNE. Why, Mr. Speaker, I think that if the gentle be paid in gold, but that it must be so paid, or in its equivalent. man will turn to the debate on the Arizona bill he will find that I do not think it is wise at this time, when we have declined to the very question of inserting the word'' gold" was debated for issue gold bonds when called upon to do so by the Government of some time in the House, and finally it was decided to retain the the United States-I do not think we ought.to force on the TelTi word in the bill. toi·ies a rule or policy that we refused to require of the States of Mr. TERRY. It came up later on an amendment, after the bill the Union for which we directly legislate. I am unalterably had passed the House, as I remember it. opposed to monometallism. MI·. PAYNE. And it was done at the request of the gentle I would call the attention of the committee to the provision man who represented the TerritoTy of Arizona, Mr. Smith, of itself to which I refer. I take it from the reading of a portion of Arizona, who was supposed to be in favor of the free and unlim the third section that the result I have suggested would be accom ited coinage of silver as a part of the basic money-I believe that plished if this bill becomes a law. It p1·ovides that- is the term-of the Uriited States, and he said he was in favor of a. Said bonds shall bear interest at a rate to be fixed by said loan commis gold bond because he could save a large percentage in selling. the sioners, not exceeding 4 per cent, except bonds issued by the Territory of bonds. Arizona in exchange for indebt;edne.ss of the kind and description in this act authorized and required to be funded or exchang~d,and which indebtedness This bears no relation to the question whether we should put has already b een presented to be exchanged under existing law, in which the word" gold" into the bonds of the United States, although I case said bonds shall bear interest at a rate not to exceed 5 per cent; which did vote for an amendment to put the word "gold" into a certain ·interest shall be paid semiannually, infoldoritsequivalent,mlawful money of the United States, on the 15th day o January and the 15th day of July in issue of bonds of the Gover;nment of the United States, because each year, at the office of the T~rritoria.l treasurer, or at such bank in the the Administration had forced us into such a position that if we city of New York, or in the city of San Francisco in the State of California, did not put the word " gold" there we should have to forfeit or at such places as may be. designated by said loan commis~oners, a.t the option of the purchaser of said bonds, the place of payment bemg mentiOned some ten or twelve millions of dollars to a certain syndicate. The iD. said bonds. · House refused to put the word "gold" in, and the taxpayers will What I desire to know of the gentleman in charge of the bill is have to pay the ten or twelve millions additional on the bonds whether that does not commit us to the policy, as a rule for the that have been issued because the word" gold" was not put into Territories, which is there prescribed for the Territory of Arizona? those bonds. If that is not the intention of the provision, it seems to be rather -Mr. TERRY. Why, you claim that those bonds are payable in loosely drawn, and such may be the result. gold now, after we have paid out $16,000,000 for the privilege of MJ.;. KNOX. Mr. Speaker, my understanding is that the pro paying them off in si~ver . vision to which the gentleman refers relates to bonds already Mr. PAYNE. Nearly everybody contends that the bonds of the issued by the Territory of Arizona, which, by the terms of the United States are payable in gold and are to be paid in gold. I act' authorizing their issue, were made gold-bearing bonds. I did not care to ·vote to put the word "gold" in, unless under com pulsion, because I believed that the bonds were to be paid in gold ~ave not the slightest idea, nor was such an idea in the mind of anyway, and that it was just as emphatic upon us and just as im the committee, to require the refundin~ of the bonds of the Ter I'itories of the United States in gold or Its equivalent. But if the perative to pay them in gold as though that word were put in, and I did not want to do anything to throw any doubt on the previous gentleman thinks the la~guage is not specific enough, or is not sufficiently clear to i.p.dicate just what the intention of the com issues of the bonds of the United States. That is the only reason mittee was, I have no objection to making an amendment to cover why I was reluctant to vote for gold bonds to be issued by the the point. Government. But this is a different question; This is a question :Mr. McMILLIN. I wish to call the attention of the gentleman of allowing the Territories to issue the kind of bonds that they want to issuein orderthatthey may negotiate them. They know to what I think has been the policy of Con~ress heretofore in the administration of the affairs of the Tenitones with regard to this how it is down there in the Territories; and in all the silver States matter. We have never sought to impose upon the Territories they know that in order to borrow money, they must put in the legislation of a character which would not be properly applicable, word "gold," and it does not make any difference whether it is a Territorial bond, or a bond issued by a Senator of the United under like conditions, to the ~tates or Government. . MI·. KNOX. I fully agree with the gentleman; but I do not States, or a bond issued by a leading light in the free-silver party. think that the language of the bill warrants the conclusion drawn. In order to borrow money, they are obliged to put in the word If he "tvill read carefully the second part of the section of the bill "gold." And not only that. When these gentlemen who believe to which he refers, I think he will find that it does not hear out in this same doctrine want to loan money, they see to it that the his construction. It provides: word" gold" is written in the contrac.t. Why, the gentleman who in this Hall yesterday received the second largest vote for the Said bonds shall bear interest at a rate to be fixed by said loan pommission ers, not exceeding 4J?~r cent, except bonds issued by the Territory of Ari Vice-Presidency of the United States, although he ran upon a sil zona in exchange for mdebtedness of the kind and description in this act au ver platform, yet when he wrote a contract, where money was to thorized and requir~d to be funded or exchanged, and which indebtedness ha.s be paid to him, he nominated it in the contract, as his fellows had already been presented to be exchanged under existing law- in which ca.se said bonds shal.l bear interest at a rate not to exceed 5 per cent;;1 which inter nominated in the bond, that gold must be paid, both principal and est shall be paid semiannuallyhin gold or its equivalent, in lawful money of interest. the United States, on the 15t day of January and the 15th day of July in Now, what man is there, whether he represents a constituency each year. in the far West, or whether he rep1·esents a constituency of which Mr. McMILLIN. The question is whether that would not apply the late governor of Illinois was one of the constituents-what man to the whole bill, for it is all embraced in that period; and the is there who should refuse to vote to allow the word "gold" to be semicolon, the first semicolon in the paragraph, comes before the put into these bonds to be issued by the Territories? · description of the kind of money in which the interest shall be Mr. DOCKERY. Will thE> gentleman al1ow me? paid; and coming just after what seems to be the comment upon Mr. PAYNE: Oh, just one minute, until I can finish a sentence. the Arizona bonds, it strikes me it might be construed to apply to Of course, we believe in different theories, but when we come to all bonds authorized in the bill. practice, in our individual private transactions, no matter what Mr. KNOX. I have noobjectiontoaddinganamendmentatthe we p.rofess to believe on the stump, when we are loaning money end of the section that all bonds issued by refunding under this act or borrowine: money, and trying to get it at the lowest rate, we . shall be payable in coin. are sure to have th9 word " gold" nominated in the bond. I think Mr. McMILLIN. Shall bepayablein thelawfulcurrencyofthe if it was a new question~- United States. · Mr. HARTMAN. Mr. Chairman- Mr. KNOX. I have n{) objection to that. Mr. DOCKERY. Mr. Chairman- Mr. McJ.IILLIN. I move, then,anamendmentwhichiwillpre Mr. McMILLIN. :MI·. Chairman-- psre .a.ud ,submit later, providing for the payment of both principal The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from New York yield! l897. .QONGRESSIONAL REOORD- HOUSE. 1735 1______, ______~------ Mr. PAYNE. I yield first to the gentleman on my right. Mr. PAYNE. Now, Mr. Chairman, if I may resume the floor Mr. McMILLIN. I yielded to the gentleman from New York. for a moment. I do not want to take him off the floor, but I want him to know Mr. DOCKERY. Certainly. in whose time he is speaking. Mr. PAYNE. I haye already stated, as the gentleman from 1\Ir. PAYNE. I supposed I had taken the floor in my own right. 1\Iissouri well kn(',w, that I had voted for that gold clause. Mr. McMILLIN. You are in error. · You asked me to yield, Mr. DOCKERY. My attention was diverted for the moment . and I yielded. . and I did not hea.r the gentleman . The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. HoPKINS). To whom does Mr. PAYNE. And my reason for'" doing that was in order to the gentleman from New York yield? save $10,000,000 or $15,000,000 to the taxpayers of this country. I Mr. PAYNE. I yield to tbegentlemanfrom:Montana, with the said also, with equal fTankness, that the only reluctance I had in . permission of the gentleman from Tennessee. voting for putting the word "gold" in the bond was not because 1\Ir. McMILLIN. I will yield to the gentleman for that pur it created any new obligation on the part of the people of the pose. United States1 because I believe that every bond of the United Mr. HARTMAN. Mr. Chairman, I know that the gentleman States will be paid in gold and ought to be paid in gold, but I did · from New York ha.s no desire to misstate the situation; but when not want-to throw any discredit upon the previous issues of bonds he does make the statement that in the silver States money is not of the United States by voting for a mere "gold" bond, and only loaned except where the obligation given in exchange therefor is voted for it because, by the action of the executive department, ·lllade payable in gold: he does make a misstatement. It is uninten- . we were compelled to do it to try and save a little money-a few Honal on the part of the gentleman, and it is probably founded on millions, $10,0000 or $15,000,000-for the people of this country. 1the information furnished this House and the country by the dis I did not intend, Mr. Speaker, to get off into a discussion of 'tinguished gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. WALKER] who politics. I was simply trying to reconcile the other side of the sits on my right, who has repeated it for perhaps three times to House to the use of the word "gold" in these bonds, so that the my own personal knowledge, and for which ;he never had a single people of those Territories might be able to refund their debt at word from anyone engaged in lending money in ·any one of the a lower rate of interest by reason of their agreeing to pay these silver States. bonds in gold and not in some othe1· currency that might be depre Mr. PAYNE. If the gentleman has concluded his inquiry- ciated. I did not know but they might want to borrow money of Mr. HARTMAN. I did not ask the gentleman to yield for an some distinguished silverite who would require bonds payable in inquiry. I asked him to yield for an introTuption. gold, and I wanted them to have that opportunity. [Laughter.] Mr. PAYNE. If the gentleman has concluded his interruption, I was in sympathy with the Delegate from Arizona when he I desire to state that I do not know whether the gentleman from advocated the former bill. It was in the inte1·est of those poor Massachusetts has made that statement or not. I do not make it people out there that I spoke, and not for the purpose of starting -. _on information received from him; but if he did state that money a general discussion of the money question, when I rose to call is loaned in the Western States, in the silver States, and the attention to the fact that that was what those people wanted. I OTeditors are compelled to have the word ''gold" written into the wished -to have the word retained in this bill, so that they might instrument, he did not make any misstatement. be left on a par with the people of Arizona, and that the other Mr. HARTMAN. But he did. Territories might have the privilege of going into the money mar Mr. PAYNE. I do not mean to say of every obligation -there it kets of the world, whether located in Maine, in Chicago, in Cali -is written in the instrument that it must be paid in gold; not at all; fornia, or in Nevada, and borrowing money at the lowest rates but I do mean to say that millions upon millions of dollars are of interest. loaned in the Weste1·n States, and in the silver States, where it is Mr. McMILLIN. Mr. Speaker, I indicated my purpose to offer nominated in the bond that the principal and interest are to be an amendment because I was satisfied that the section, as drawn, paid in gold. applied this principle not simply to the Territory of Arizona, but Mr. WILLIAM A. STONE. Is it not a fact that where it is generally, and the gentleman in charge of the bill thinks that that not provided that theinterest and principal are to be paid in gold would be the effect of the section as it stands. All admit that it that the money is lent at 12, 15, and 18 _per cent? was not the purpose of those who drew the bill that it should have Mr. PAYNE. 1 was about to state that, if gentlemen will al that effect, and I have theref0re prepared a proviso to be added at low me to make this little speech. the end of the first paragraph of section 3, line 25, in these words: Mr. DOCKERY. I have been waiting for the gentleman to con · Provided, That the principal and interest of the bonds f-u.nd ~d under this clude his sentence. act shall be p ::tyable in lawful money of the United States, excent the Arizona. Ml·. PAYNE. I was about to state, Mr. Chairman, what I say bonds above described, heretofore issued. - now, as the gentleman from Arizona knew, that in order to get I do not propose to interfere with any contract made by the issue money at a I'espectable rate of int13rest it was necessary to agree of bonds heretofore by Arizona; but when the indebtedness of these to pay principal and interest in gold; and so they inserted in the Territories is turned over to a board, without any legislative contract, just as they seek to insert it now, or when they bring it power on the part of the Territorial governments- bear in mind before this House. Now I will yield to my friend from Missouri, that-the ftmding is done not by act of the Territorial legislature, 'with the permission of the gentleman from Tennessee. but by a board of three officers, one the governor, being appointed Mr. DOCKERY. I believe I have his permission for a moment. by the President and he appointing the oth~r two- I do not think .- ' I regTet that the gentleman from New York should have they ought to be directed to fund in gold bonds, and I think the precipitated this discussion, inasmuch as I am afraid that the gentleman in charge of the bill agrees in that opinion. I therefore " agitation " of this monetary question may retard somewhat offer this amendment, and I now yield to the gentleman from the growth of the McKinley " prosperity " which seems now to Califmnia rMr. 1\.iAGUIRE]. be sweeping over the country and imperiling all our industries. Mr. MAGUIRE. 1\Ir. Speaker, the gentleman from New York Inasmuch as the gentleman from New York [Mr. PaYNE] advo [Mr. PAYNE] attempts to cast discredit upon the advocates of the cates the granting of authority to the Territories to issue bonds restoration of the free and unlimited coinage· of silver by stating payable, principal and interest, in '• gold,'' I desire to refresh his that silver men, or some of them, who have money to loan make .. memory by recaJliug the occasion in this House, during the last the contracts for its repayment and for the interest in gold. That Oongress, when the proposition came to this body from the Exec may be perfectly true, but it is not at all inconsistent with their utive asking authority to "nominate," as he expresses it, "gold absolute honesty in advocating a return to a free, elastic, and con in the bond." If I remember aright, only twenty-seven gentlemen stitutional system o.t currency. Theymayfairlyand consistently ·on this floor cast their votes in favor of that proposition. conform, in their business dealings, to the preferences given by Mr. PAYNE. "Of whom I was one of which," as I said a existing law, while conscientiously advocating the abolition of the moment ago. [Laughter.] . .moneymonopolyestablished by the present gold standard. Under Mr. I>OCKEI1Y. The gentleman is consistent and in accord and by reason of our existing currency laws, and the similar laws with the declaration of his party adopted at the St. Louis conven of other countries, gold is constantly appreciating in value. Under tion. He is entirely in hannony with the Republican" logic of the artificial conditions created by those laws, the demand for gold the situation." The continuance of the" existing gold standard" increases more rapidly than its supply, and there is consequently a '. of course logically involves the ''nomination of gold in the bond" great commercial advantage to the creditor, whether he be a gold not only in the Territories, but also in the States. The St. Louis monometallist or a bimetallist, in having his contracts payable in platform, if pursued to its last analysis, necessarily requires the gold. retirement of the greenbacks and the Sherman notes, and the cir Legi-slation. has made it advantageous to the man who lends culation of silver in an inferior relation to gold, and the conse money to compel its paylilent in gold rather than in silver, be quent contraction of the volume of our circulating medium. I am cause silver has been depr ived by legislation of its function as pleased to find the gentleman from New York in such thorough money. Its present use is not as money o~ redemption, but as accord with his ~latform. I am opposed to the gold clause of this token money. Does the gentleman think that none should avail bill. The ''par1ty"between the two metals can bestbemaintained themselves of monopoly privileges created or granted by the ex ~l dealing with them upon terms of absolute equality and the coin isting laws of their country save those who favor the continuance r o e of both, free and without limit, at the old t ried ratio. of such laws? .Must none but th.e advoca~ of monopoly be its .- '• ' - 1736 CONGRESSION .AL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 11, beneficiaries when it is established by law? Must those who op~ want to draw out is this: Under the construction which the gen pose monopoly forever consent to be crushed beneath that jug~ tleman adopts, a judgment of that kind, if rendered in one court, gernaut, when established, andneverseeksafetywithin it? Com~ must be discharged in gold, while in another case it might be mon business prudence-the very instinct of self~preservation dischargeable in legal-tender money. · must forever prompt silver men, as well as gold men, to make Mr. CATRON. So far as New Mexico is concerned, we are not their contracts with a view to the advantages or disadvantages asking for any bond on which a judgment cJuld be rendered pay resulting from existing laws. I do not know to what extent con~ able in gold. On the contrary, the amendmEnt which the gentle tracts in the silver States are_made payable in gold, nor to what man from Tennessee has proposed provides that rhese bonds shall extent silver Senators, or silver leaders, take advantage of the ex be payable only in lawful money of the United St.1tes. isting law; but, while the law, unjust as it is, exists and gives an Mr. COX. I am in accord with the amendment. advantage to the man who secures the payment of his contract in Mr. CATRON. And the amendment is acceptable to us; we gold in preference ~to any other kind of currency, I see no reason agree to it. why a man who is opposed to that law should be criticised for Mr. COX. But the point I wish to bring out is this: Suppose a taking advantage of its provisions. The creators of the privilege bond is by its terms payable in gold, and suit is brought upon take advantage of it while the law is permitted to remain on the that bond, what kind of a judgment is the court going to render statute books, and their suggestion that others should not do so is in such a case? · refreshing. I yield back the remainder of my time to the gentle~ Mr. CATRON. As I said before, my opinion is that the court man from Tennessee rMr. McMILLIN]. ' . would have to render a judgment ·payable in gold, if the bond is Mr. McMILLIN. Mr. Speaker, I yield as much time as he de by its terms so payable. That is my understanding of the deci sires to my friend from Texas [Mr. BAILEY]. sion of the Supreme Court of the United States. Mr. BAILEY. Mr. Speaker, I favor the amendment proposed Mr. COX. I do not agree with the gentleman. by the gentleman from Tennessee, because I think that no man ·Mr. KNOX. Mr. Speaker, in bringing forward this bill permit ought to be permitted to contract against receiving any money ting the refunding of the indebtedness of New Mexico and other that is made legal tender by the United States. I regret that the Territories, and providing the necessary machinery for that pur dlssenting opinion of Mr. Justice Miller was not the decision of pose, I did not suppose that it woulU precipitate in any way a dis the court when it originally held that men could contract for a cussion upon the standards of yalue at present or in the past. This specific kind of money. The lawyers of this body will recall that bill proposes simply to permit New Mexico and other Territories that decision was by a divided com·t, and that the greatest lawyer to refund already existing bonded indebtedness running at various then upon that bench dissented from the decision of the court. rates of interest and for various periods. The bill does not author He held that whenever the Congress of the United States declared ize the issuing of a single n.ew bond or an increase of the indebted anything to be a legal tender, then every man in the country hold~ ness of any Territory. Nor does it undertake to legalize any bond ing a contract payable in "dollars" must accept the legal-tender heretofore issued. It simply permits the refunding by the Terri dollars. There can be no more important policy than that which tories of already existing bonds into bonds running for a long term establishes the legal-tender laws of a country, and I believe that and at low rates of interest. The rate of interest at which these the com·t ought to have held that a. contract against any legal bonds can be refunded by the Territories is the lowest rate at which tender money was a contract against public policy anq therefore any single issue of bonds has been made by New Mexico or any void. If I make a contract with any person in any State of this any other Tenitory. In this refunding no bond can be issued Union that contravenes its well-established public policy, and we bearing a rate of interest higher than 4 per cent. go into court to enforce that contract, the judge will turn us from The advantage to be enjoyed from this bill is that if it be passed the doo1· and tell us that, having made a contract against the pub there will be one uniform refunding law for those Territories; lic policy of that sovereignty, he_wm·aid neither of us in the enforce the bonds will have greater credit for refunding; they can be ment of it. refunded at this low rate of interest; all the machinery is pro Yet, sir, we are asked here in this high place to legalize a con vided by which the refunding can take place, and provision is tract against the highest public policy known to our law. If this made for the imposing and collecting of taxes for the pavment of House, by refusing to adopt the amendment or by express permis the principal and interest. ·The bonds may run fifty years; the sion, as it did in the Arizona case, consents that anybody shall bill provides that after they have run forty years, at which time contract for a particular kind of money, it abdicates pro tanto its it is presumed the Tenitory will be in condition to pay them off, power to declare-the legal-tender policy of the country. then payment shall be provided for the--principal by paying one Mr. McMILLIN. I yield five minutes-to my friend from New tenth of the principal each year, which, at the expiration of the Mexico [Mr. CATRON]. . - ten years ~ will liquidate the whole amount and pay off the bonded Mr. CATRON. Mr. Speaker, as the representative of New indebtedness of the Tenitory. . - Mexico on this floor, I wish to say that this bill, when it .shall be The committee in the preparation of the bill fully and closely amended in the mode proposed, is acceptable to the people of that and carefully followed the provisions of the bill that passed Con Territory. The bill was drawn upon the model of the bill which gress and was approved on the 25th day of June, 1890, authorizing had formerly been passed by this House to aid the people of Ari~ the refunding of the Territorial, county, municipal, sch ool, and zona in regMd to their indebtedness. By the reduction of interest district indebtedness of the Territory of Arizona. The provisions and by seeming for all the subordinate municipalities of that of the bill are substantially. the provisions of that bill, which was Territory a better credit, Arizona saves, under the act refened to, then discussed in Congress aml approved; and I am authorized to many thousands of dollara each year. By means of the present say by the repreaentative of the people of Arizona on this floor act, should it become a law, the Territory of New Mexico will that the practical workings of this piece of legislation in Arizona save from $25,000 to $30,000 annually in interest upon the indebt has been for the benefit of the people. This allows the negotiation edness of the Tenitory and of its county and other municipalities. of bonds at a lower rate of interest than ever before; but there By mistake there has been incorporated in the bill a clause, was, of course, one provision in the bill for Arizona which had to which, by its terms, appears to be applicable to all the Territories, be regarded, because the bonds had already been refunded and the providing for the payment of interest in gold. That was not the refunding bonds issued. It is provided in the act to which I have intention of the bill when it was considered before the Committee referred that such bonds should bear interest at a 1·ate to be fixed on Territories. It was supposed that this clause would apply by said loan commission, "not exceeding 5 per cent per annum, solely and only to the Territory of Arizona, whose bonds had which interest shall be paid in gold coin or its equivalent in law- - been already issued payable in gold. It was the purpose of the ful monny of the United States." - bill not to change the character of any bond already issued, but Now, it was impossible, as far as Arizona is concerned, in the to allow outstanding bonds to be payable in the same kind of preparation of this bill, not to make an exception, in view of the money in which they were payable when issued. By the inser legislation already had, without repudiating or declaring void tion of a semicolon, or by error in punctuation, this bill has been the contracts which have already been entered into. Outside of made to read somewhat differently from what was the intention that, it was the intention of this bill that the bonds should be paid of the Committee on Territories and of the parties who drafted in the lawful money of the United States; and the lawful money the bill. For my own part I will say on behalf of the Territory of the United States to-day rests upon the single gold standard, of New Mexico that we favor the amendment which has been pro~ which the people of the United States have established, and which posed. With t hat amendment the bill is acceptable to us. we may say at least will not be disturbed for another period of Mr. COX. I should like to propound to the gentleman this four years. , question: Suppose a bond is issued payable, p1·incipal and inter Mr. BOATNER. Unless there be an international monetary est, in gold, and suppose suit is brought upon that bond in any conference. court, what character of judgment would the gentleman, if he Mr. KNOX. Unless there be an international monetary confer~ were sitting as a judge, r ender on that bond? ence, as the gentleman from Louisiana suggests. · I do not hesitate Mr. CATRON. The judgment, of course, would be a judg~ to say, sir, that I am more of a gold man than perhaps my friend ment payable in gold, as I understand. But I am not advocating from Louisiana. I do not believe in an international monetary anything of that kind in this case. conference. I do not believe that it is possible, by international Mr. CpX. I understand the gentleman iB not; but the point I agreement or otherwise, to create or to maintain the-value of any ' , . ,- ,,. 1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1737 commodity by law. Neither do I believe that it is within the Mr. COX. But, now, wait a minute. You issue these bonds, power of one government, or the governments of the whole world, payable in dollars? to maintain the relative value of one commodity with another. Mr. KNOX. Yes. Mr. MEREDITH. Let me suggest to the gentleman that we Mr. COX. And then the judgment is discharged by legal-tender will not need an international monetary conference. We will money? have one four years from now to determine that question for our Mr. KNOX. Yes. selves, and settle it for all time. Mr. COX. That is all right. Mr . .KNOX. Possibly; but I say seriously to my friend from Mr. KNOX. Mr. Speaker, how much time have I left? Virginia tbat the question is one of a single standard. If it could The SPEAKER. The gentleman has fifty minutes. be demonstrated that gold, by its appreciation, by the scarcity of Mr. KNOX. I will yield to my colleague from Massachusetts its production relative to the growth of property and relative to [Mr. WALKER] ten minutes, and reserve the balance of my time. the increase in the volume of business, had become, by reason of Mr. WALKER of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, it is true that! that scarcity, unduly appreciated in reference to the value of other sa,id some months since on the floor of this House that there were commodities, so that private indebtedness was largely increased, certain States of this Union whose monetary system was beyond or doubled, then I say the time has come when it is proper to pro the reach of Congressional legislation, and it is a matter as noto vide that gold shall no longer be the standard of value, and the rious as the fact that the sun shines or that water runs, if my people of the country must look elsewhere for such a standard. information is correct. But 1 have noticed that there is nothing But believing, as I do, that there is abundant gold in the world to that is susceptible of such abundant proof that it will not be serve as the basis of an abundant, sound, stable, and elastic cur denied -by those who are infatuated with the free coinage of rency, I am uncompromisingly in favor of the single gold stand silver. • ard, not only for the United States of America, but for every coun There are seven States in this Union where, I am informed, try of the world that regards the commercial prosperity of the there is sca.rcely an obligation that is not payable in gold; and not people and the welfare of its citizens, as well as the progress of only that, but where the currency in circulation among the peo civilization itself. - ple is largely gold, and-no one finds any fault about it. Those Mr. COX. Will the gentleman now yield to me for a question? States are California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Mr. KNOX. Certainly. and Washington. But it is a curious circumstance that the rep 1\fr. COX. I want to hear how you are going to work out that resentatives on this floor and in the Senate who come from those process. You issue a gold bond-- States would not _only compel the rest of the Union to take a Mi-. KNOX. Who issues a gold bond? 50-cent dollar, but they would throttle all legislation unless the Mr. COX. The Territories. • rest of the Union will permit them to force it on us. That is Mr. KNOX. Not at all. On the contrary, the bill provides that as notorious as any truth that any man can utter. they shall not be issued. I do not propose_to make any political speech at this time; but Mr-. COX. But the interest is payable in gold. I do say that I remember very distinctly when the gentleman from Mr. KNOX. No, sir; but in the lawful money of the United Arizona [Mr. Smith] pleaded on this floor and made a speech States, which is gold, and which will be gold for at least four which first and la.st occupied about an hour, that the Territory years to come, with certainty. of Arizona might be allowed to issue its bonds payable in gold. :Mr. COX. Well, let me see, now, how you are going to work Has it come to this, Mr. Speaker, that the Congress of the United out this question. You say that the interest on these bonds- States propose to deny to any citizen the right of free contract, Mr. KNOX. Bonds already issued, you mean? to say that he can not make a contract to be paid in anything Mr. COX. I mean one of the refunding bonds; that the interest he chooses for any obligation he takes, whether it be payment in on these bonds is to be paid in gold or its equivalent. Now, let cotton, or wool, or gold, or silver, or lead, or iron? What does us suppose a suit; how will you render judgment? this House propose? Has it come to this, that this House proposes Mr. KNOX. Of course a judgment will be rendered for the to exercise a tyranny over the States and Territories and individ money value of the bond. uals; to say that they shall not be permitted to make COJltracts for Mr. COX. How many dollars? the payment of any obligations that they choose to take in any Mr. KNOX. That would depend upon circumstances. It will thing whatever they choose to agree to accept? Mr. Speaker, it be according. to whatever the figures are. is against public policy to interfere with private contracts. If Mr. COX. Well, here is a bond that promises to pay $10,000 in the States that I have mentioned and the citizens thereof choose money, and you say upon the face of it that the interest shall be to make gold a currency among their own people; who shall say paid in the lawful money of the United States. Now, what is to them nay? What we object to is that they should force on us a be your judgment in a suit for recovery? standard of value which is debased when they themselves are Mr. KNOX. You are . going to get your judgment for the abundantly protected, and our legislation can no more reach them amount of it in money. than it can reach the Empire of Great Britain. Mr. COX. Ten thousand dollars in lawful money? Now, these States not only have their obligations payable in Mr. KNOX. In money; yes. gold, but in their banks they have about $13,000,000 of coin; and Mr. COX. Ten thousand dollars? of this coin only about 5850,000 is in silver. They have only Mr. KNOX. Yes. $5,000,000 in currency. And they are right and prudent in so Mr. COX. Then you do not want to pay it in gold? keeping their money as to be provided against all contingencies, · . Mr. KNOX. We do not provide th~J-t it shall be paid in gold. even the action of their own representatives; and when these Our bill is to payin the lawful money of the United States, which things are denied on this floor they must be denied in a Pickwickian is gold. sense. Th~re is some substance in their denial that every obliga Mr. MAGUIRE. I understand the gentleman to say that he is tion in those States is not expressed in gold, but the percentage in favor of gold monometallism for this country and for all coun not expressed in gold is so small that it does not materially affect tries. the general results. Mr. KNOX. Gold monometallism for this country and for all I certainly hope that this House will defeat the amendment, for countries, under the existing situation to-day. I am in favor of these Territories begged and pleaded that they might be allowed that. to issue their bonds payable in gold. They were permitted to issue Mr. BOWERS. Is not silver lawful money in the United States them payable in gold, and they ought to have the right, and it to-day-$500,000,000 of it? - ought to be embodied in the bill that they should have the right. Mr. KNOX. Yes, because the Government of the United States to refund them in gold. is behind it to guarantee that it shall be kept on a parity with Mr. KNOX. I yield ten minutes to the gentleman from New go1d, and for no other reason. [Applause on the Republican side.] York [Mr. BARTLETT]. . Mr. MAGUIRE. I understand that the gentleman is opposed Mr. BARTLETT of New York. Mr. Speaker and gentlemen, to international bimetallism, and predicts that his party will pre as one of the few sound-money Democrats in the House of Repre vent its establishment during the next four years. sentatives, I propose to say a few words about the amendment Mr. KNOX. I predict that the great wisdom of the Republican which has been offered by the distinguished gentleman from Ten party in arranging for the extended use of 13il ver will probably take nessee [Mr. McMILLIN]. The State of New York, a part of which some other form than the calling of another convention of the I have the honor to represent, has· already declared that it is for nations, in view of the fact that those conventions of the nations sound money. The Democratic party of the State of New York have proved repeated failures in the past. The Republican party in June last, at its State convention at Saratoga, declared itself is wise enough and has in its ranks statesmen enough to provide for the maintenance of the existing gold standard; and under the for an enlarged use of silver upon a true qasis which will give an instructions then and there given I was sent as a delegate to the enlarged use, and which can never be provided by the free coinage national convention at Chicago. It matters not what took place of both metals together. · at Chicago. I do not propose to discuss the platform of that mis Mr. COX. As I understand the gentleman's answers to my q ues guided convention before this House to-day. tions, his ideas and mine are the same--- Mr. TERRY. What did vour State do at the State convention Mr. KNOX. I am glad if we agree.,· in September? • 1738 OONGREBSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 11, Mr. BARTLETT of New York. At the so-called State conven bonds, the interest of which is payable in gold, should continue t<> tion held at Buffalo, in September, the Democratic"party of the be payable in gold, but by an error the bill now provides that the State of New York repudiated or rejected the sound-money prin interest on the bonds of New fexico, which is payable in "law ciples which it had advocated for fifty years anterior; but if a ful money," shall also be payable in gold. At present neither party chooses to go back upon its principles, it is my view that principal nor interest is being paid upon most of those bonds, and ~hose who belong to that party can not be bound by the national the holders are glad to refund them for bonds payable in " lawful convention. money." They prefer to do that and get 4 per cent rather than Now, I ask members of the majority, the men who control this to have the bonds nominally drawin~ 8 per cent and get nothing. House, to vote down this amendment. because I say if you tol Now we, by going into the financial question on this bill, are erate it, it will be considered by the country at large as a dec placing these Territories where they will be unable to get the sim laration in favor of silver or of soft money. It will be held to be ple relief they ask for. The only question here is whether we ' a declaration against the maintenance of the existing gold standard. shall allow Arizona to refund her gold-interest bonds with like Why, gentlemen, look at the report of the committee and see what bonds, and allow New Mexico to refund her lawful-money bonds they tell us. That this is a measure to make the funding laws, or with lawful-money bonds at a lower rate of interest; and if she the laws providing for the refunding of the debts of the various can get the money at 4 per cent-and the bill expressly provides Territories, conform to the law of 1891, passed by Congress in ref that not more than that shall be paid-certainly she could not get erence to the Territory of A.lizona. These are the words in the it at a lower rate if the bonds were payable in diamonds. So, by report: insisting on retaining this clerical mistake, we shall defeat the This bill adapts genera.lly to all the Territories the funding act of Arizona, object of this legislation. The amendment of the gentleman from passed by Congress in 1891. . Tennessee [Mr. Mol\1ILLIN] will simply conform to the wishes of the people of the Territory and enable them to refund their bonds That is the statement of the committee. They tell us that this at about one-half the present rate of interest; and they should generalla is drawn in conformity to the law of 1891; and what not be embarrassed in that work by any views that we may enter has the law of 1891 provided for? It provides for the payment of tain upon the silver question, which is not involved here at all, these bonds, the bonds of the Territory of Arizona, in what? In and should not be. gold or its equivalent. Not in gold alone, but in the equivalent of Mr. COX. Under this proposed bill, if it becomes a law will gold. And thank God, to-day, gentlemen, the silver and the paper the charader of the bonds of the Territories be changed at all as of this country remain the equivalent of gold. Now, the gentle to their payment? man from Tennessee proposes to insert an amendment. He can Mr. LACEY. If the amendment proposed by the gentleman not change the law about Arizona. He can not deprive the people from Tennessee is adopted, then the new bonds will be currency of Arizona. of the right to have gold bonds, to have bonds payable, bonds to replace old currency bonds, and the new gold-interest principal and interest, in gold or its equivalent; but he proposes bonds will replace the old gold-interest bonds, and the status quo to take from the other Territories the right to have any gold bonds will be precisely maintained, except that the rates of interest will at any time; not .leaving it optional whether they shall have gold be reduced about one-half. or its equivalent. . Mr. COX. Take, for instance, the New Mexico bonds, which Mr. BOATNER. Will thegentlemanyield tomeforaquestion are payable in legal-tendermoney. When you refund them, what there? point is gained? . Mr. BARTLETT of New York. In one moment-- ·Mr. LA,CEY. I will explain. Those bonds were issued under 1\ir. BOATNER. Will the gentleman yield to me for a question various laws, and for a variety of purposes, and questions of form there? have arisen and other questions, and by adopting a uniform sys Mr. BARTLETT of New York. I will yield to the gentleman. tem of bonds to be issued by a commission, all being carefully Mr. BOATNER. When the bill recites that the bonds shall be drawn in the same form, the bonds will be given currency. At payable in lawful money of the United States, does. not that mean J.>resent they are not current and can not be sold. At present the gold or its equivalent, at least so long as the present party is in Territories have ceased to pay interest upon them, and by this t>ower? legislation they will be relieved of the necessity of paying 7 or 8 Mr. BARTLETTofNewYork. My answer to that, Mr. Speaker per cent, and it will be better both for the Territories upon the anu gentlemen, is that these words "interest shall be paid semi one hand and for the holders of the bonds upon th~ other, to give ~nnually in gold or its equivalent in lawful money" mean that it authority to the Territories to make these contracts. Now, as I can be paid either in gold or in any form of money that is the have .already said, we ought not to embarrass this question by absolute equivalent of gold. Why insert this amendment if it is bringing up the issues of the campaign of 1896 and fighting them not for an insidious purpose? Why provide that the principal over here again, and sending the same question to the other end ~nd interest·of the bonds funded under this act shall be payable of the Capitol to be there debated, to the prevention of the relief m any lawful money of the United States, except the Alizona asked for by these Territories, which are already loaded with all bonds heretofore described? They are payable in gold or its that they can bear. equivalent, and aft~r providing for their payment i~ gold or its Mr. COX. Is there any question as to the legality of these bonds? equivalent, we proVIde for another cla.ss of bonds which shall not Mr. KNOX. None at all. be payable in gold or the equivalent of gold. What does that Mr. LACEY. I do not understand that there.is any question as n:tean, gentlemen? It mea~s repudi~tion in the future, if. it _be to the legality of the bonds, but the Territories have lain down J>os ible. It means to depnve these people and these Territones under the weight of the interest. It is like the case of a landlord ; of the right to issue gold bonds; and I say to you, gentlemen of who has his land rented t $5 an acre and gets no rent because it the majority, that if you do not vote down this al?-endJ?.ent, you is more than his tenant can pay, but changes the rate to 52.50 an will adopt a very hazardous course, a course which will not be acre and afterwards gets his rent every year. The burden of the satisfactory to the sound-money people of this country. existing rates of interest is more than the Territories can bear, Mr. KNOX. I now yield five minutes to the gentleman from but they will be able to pay the amount that these reduced rat.es Iowa f"Mr. LACEY]. would impose upon them. Mr. 'LACEY. Mr. Speaker, I regret that this financial question Mr. OGDEN. :As a matter of information, I should like to know f?hould have been injected into this debate. These Territories what is approximately the amount of the indebtedness of the Ter desire the privilege of refunding their bonds. By a clerical el'l'or ritories of Arizona and New Mexico-what is the amount that a provision has been inserted in this bill which was not intended will be involved? by the committee or by the fi·amers of the bill, by which the inter Mr. LACEY. I preferthattheDelegatefromNewMexico [Mr. est on all of the bonds is required to be paid in gold, the principal CATRONl or the gentleman in charge of this bill [Mr. KNox] should being payable in'' lawful money." It is simply a matter of getting answer the gentleman's question, as they doubtless have more ac a punctuation mark in the wrong place. curate information than I have. Now, we have seen too many good bills run ashore and wrecked Mr. OGDEN. We have had no statement as to whether this on the silver coast to be willing to send another bill out of this indebtedness is 8100,000 or a million dollars or S10,000,000. We House into that same rocky and dangerous sea, and there is no should like to know something as to the amount. need whatever of our embarrassing the Territories in that way. Mr. LACEY. I yield back my time to the gentleman who kindly I recollect very well that in 1891 the gentleman then representing yielded to me. · Arizona, who was a very radical free-silver man, explained to Mr. KNOX. The indebtedness of Arizona at the present time, this House that his Territory was paying 10 per cent on its war as appeared in the report filed here upon the admission of Arizona rants and wanted to borrow money to pay them off, and found as a State, is about li$3,000,000, about half of which, as I under that it could borrow at 8der cent on currency bonds or at 5 per stand, has already been refunded. The indebtedness of the Terri cent upon gold bonds, an he insisted upon Congress granting his tory of New Mexico is between 8800,000 and 8900,000; and if we Territory the privilege of issuing $75,000 of gold bonds, so as to include the indebtedness.of the different counties and cities, there · ft the benefit of the lowest rate of interest. The bonds of these must be added about $900,000 more. The indebtedness of Okla erritories are now out, and the question is simply about refund homa is very small. The bonded indebtedness of that Territory g thenn. It was the intention of the committee that the Arizona is now less than $50,000. There were, however, outstanding ai - .. 1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECO~D-HOUSE . 1739 the time the ~eport was filed, during this session of Congress, dif :Mr. Mcl\ULLIN. I yield six minutes to the gentleman from ferent warrants to the amount of about $150,000, which will prob Virginia [Mr. SWANSONf. ably have to be provided for by the issue of bonds. Mr. SWANSON. ~1r . Speaker, in this discussion gentlemen on :Mr. Mcl\1ILLIN. But the figures stated by the gentleman do this ~ide of the House, as on the other side, who do not believe in not indicate the limit of the amount which this bill may possibly making contracts payable in gold have been subjected to more or involve, beca,use it provides for refunding not only existing indebt less ridicule. I wish to state distinctly what animates us in ob ·edness, but also future indebtedness. jecting to the provision of this bill and in opposing a proposition to 1\IIr. KNOX. Certainly. I am simply answering the question make, so far as the power of this Government is concerned, any .of the gentleman [Mr. OGDEN] who wanted to know the present obligation in this counti·y payable in gold. It is plain, :Mr. Spea.ker, indebtedness. why the silver men are opposed to this policy. It seems to me Mr. BOATNER. Does not this bill provide additional remedies that you gentlemen on the other side, and those of you on this for the collection of taxes to secm·e the payment of these bonds? side who believe in a gold standard, and who believe, or claim Mr. KNOX. As the gentleman from New Mexico has stated, to believe, in keeping up the present greenback circulation, the the bill incl_udes the same provision which in 1890 was enacted silver notes, and the silver certificates already in circulation on with reference to Arizona, creating the auditor and other officers, a uniform basis, so that every dollar shall be equal to every other a board of equalization, and providing the necessary machinery dollar, should also be opposed to the Government ever giving its for refunding. The machinery provided in th!-s bill is n ot differ approval to a contract payable absolutely and solely in gold. ent from that authorized by Congress for Anzona, where, I am Our currency is at present composed of the greenbacks, the informed, it bas wOTked well in practice, saving the people there Sherman notes, the silver certificates, and silver. You people a great deal in interest. · have promised to keep all of that at a parity. But, Mr. Speaker, · Mr. BOATNER. Does this bill supersede the existing laws of it is manifestly utterly impossible to do so, if you make renewed the Territory providing for the assessment and collection of taxes demands for gold coin, or make yom· obligations and contracts for the payment of these bonds? payable exclusively in gold. Suppose for a moment you allowed Mr. KNOX. Not at all. Mr. Speaker, I nowyield five minutes all of the municipal bonds of the count1·y, the railroad bonds, the to the gentleman from Arizona fMr. MURPHY]. State bonds, and the Federal bonds to be made payable solely in 1\lr. MURPHY of Arizona. 1\lr. Speaker, in 1891 it was deemed gold, and the interest also in gold, then it is evident that to that 11.dvisable by the officers of Arizona to come to Congress to secure, exte~t you create a demand for gold, and you must provide that if possible, a funding law whereby the indebtedness of the Terri much more of gold to meet yom· obligations. Consequently you tory-Territm>jal, county, municipal_, and school district:-could keep up and make higher the premium whic-h is already existing be funded into a general bond bearmg a lower rate of mterest upon gold. So, if you gentlemen are determined not to retire the than the bonds previously issued. Congress upon our application greenbacks or destroy them, or if you are determined to keep sil passed a law which in its original form made the principal of the ver and silver certificates in circulation, and to utilize the national bonds payable in lawful money and the interest payable annually banking currency, and use all of them as money upon an equality, in gold coin. When the negotiation of those bonds was under then the obligation of the Government is to t.reat all this money taken, some question was raised in regard .to the interest being exactly alike, and permit no discrimination, so far .at least as the payable annually, and our .'People applied to Congress to ~ave ~he contracts of the Government and its legislation are concerned. interest made payable sermannually. An amendatory bill bemg Now, we silver people are determined to do what we can to put in trod ucedfor that purpose, the question arose whether this interest silver on a parity with gold- to remonetize it-and to maintain it should be made payable in gold coin or in lawful money. The there. The gentleman from New York [Mr. BARTLETT] has seen original law required that the interest be paid in gold coin. proper, in the limited time accorded to him, to criticise the silver 'l' he bill as passed by the House-the passage of the measure Democrats as having abandoned the previous policy of that party. being advocated by my predecessor- followed in this respect the But who are the judges as to what is Democracy and what is the Janguage of the original law! it bein&' believed ~hat with a provi policy of the party? This Administration, backed by the gentle .- frlon for the P~Y_Illent of th~ mterest m go.ld com we ~ould nego man from New York and others, appealed to the great toiling, tiate the securities more eaSily than otherWISe. The bill as passed laboring masses of the Democracy of the Union, and we met at I by the House w~nt ~ the Senate, where it created a ~eat de~l of Chicago to determine who represented Democracy in the United discussion; and .haVIng been amended by the Senate, 1t went mto States; and what was the result? 1\fr. Speaker, he met there his confe1·ence. The advocates of silver money claimed that the inter Waterloo. For the honor of the Democracy I may assert that it est should be made payable in lawful money; that the provision has taken a determined, a courageous, and an advanced stand on of the original law making the interest payab1.e in gold was a mis the financial and the silver question, and it proposes, 1\Ir. Speaker, take. I came here at that time as a representative of the Territory; to beat no retreat. We are determined, so fa1· as we are concerned, and going before the conference committee, of which Senator to do nothing to increase the demand for gold by making contracts FAULKNER wa-s chairman, I pleaded that the amendment did not payable in gold, if we can prevent it. in any sense change in this respect the provision of the originallaw, As we look at the question, we believe that the low prices pre which required the interest to be paid in gold coin; that our appii vailing result from the great demand for gold the world over. cation had been simply to make the interest payable semiannually We believe that prices can not be restored to their normal condi ~stead of annually, as we believed that in this form the bonds tion if gold is not cut down-the demand for itJ·educed-and it is could be mor~ easily negotiatied. Senator FAULKNER then said brought to its proper condition. Whenever you make .a contract that if the amendatory act did not change the original la-w in this payable in gold, to that extent you simply create a new demand ~·espect, there was no reason for insisting upon the amendment of for gold, and the price is increased the world over, and to that the Senate; so that, as the bill then passed, the only change which extent, of course, you increase the premium on gold and mark "the it made in the ariginal law was the change ftom annual interest depreciation of other property in the exact proportion. to semiannual interest. From that day to this the law has These views, Mr. Speaker, briefly stated, animate us and make i·emained in that form. us consistent in our determination, so far as we are concerned, to 1 This bill proposes to adapt the ATizona law to all the Territories, give no countenance as members of this Government to gold con making its provisions general. That law has worked very well in tracts, thus creating the demand for it and making that demand Arizona. It has resulted in saving annually $45,000 to $70,000. greater than it is. Whether the interest on these bonds be made payable in gold or How can you who believe in the greenback circulation, who be ' in lawful money makes no difference to me. But as the House lieve in silver certificates and notes and in the national banking has drifted into this monetary dis Mr. Speaker~ I am opposed to that policy. I am opposed to any Now, Mr. Speaker, I will only read one or two othe\.ll. It makes policy which proposes to separate our currency by promoting one no difference which one I pick up, for they are all the same in and discrediting the other, and for that reason I am in favor of the effect: amendment of the gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. McMILLIN]. P. A. LARGEY, President. C. H. PALMER, Vice-President. Mr. McMILLIN. I yield five minutes to the gentleman from T. M. HODGENS, Cashier. · Montana fMr. HARTMAN]. STATE SAVINGS BANK. Mr. HA"RTMAN. Mr. Speaker, I regret that the gentleman (Paid in capital, $100,000.00.] from Massachusetts [Mr. WALKER]-who I see_now enters the BuTTE, MoNT., March 9,1898. Chamber and therefore my regrets on that score are withdrawn DEAR Sm: .As requested in your favor of the 28th ultimo, I inclose herewith ! notice the question of alleged fact that was asserted by the gen form of notes used by this bank. Yours, respectfully, tleman from Massachusetts in his speech of a few moments ago, T. M . HODGENS, Cashier. which is but a repetition of a similar misstatement of fact made Hon. CHAs. S. IlART?tfAN, by that gentleman in a speech delivered in this body on the 7th Washington, D. C. day of last February, and which is found on pa~e 1472 of the $-- BUTTE, Mo TANA, ---, 189-. ----after date, without grace, for value received, we, or either of CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. At that time I called hiS attention to us, promise to pay to the the misstatement in the following language. I read from the STATE SAVINGS BANK OF BUTTE, MONTANA, RECORD. The gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. WALKER] or order, --dollars, negotiable and payable at the State Savings Bank of gave utterance to these words, referring to the" silver States:" Butte, Montana, with- per cent interest per month from date until :paid, There is not a single one of those States in which every tjme obligation is both before and after judgment, and five per cent attorney's fees if smt be not practically written in gold; principal and interest are made payable in instituted on this note. Interest payable monthly. gold. To that statement I made the following reply: No.--. Due---,189-. ----. I desire to interrupt the gentleman. I can not speak for California, but I Mr. Speaker, I will ask permission to print in the RECORD the say that the gentleman's statement is a bsolutely incorrect as to the State from which I hail. Our notes are not made payable in gold; they are payable letters and notes, in substantiation of my statement that not a in lawful money of the United States. single one of the obligations in that State is made payable in gold, and therefore that the statement of the gentleman from Massa- Upon the repetition of his misstatement by the gentleman from chusetts fMr. WALKER] .falls to the_ground. ~sachusetts [Mr. WALKER], I rose to again deny it, but was The SP'EAKER pro tempore. The gentleman asks unanimous denied the right by the gentleman, as appears upon that page. consent to print With his remarks the documents to which he ha!l Some two or three days afterwards an interview appeared in the referred. Is there objection? · New York Commercial Advertiser, in which the following lan There was no objection. g:tiage was used by the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. The letters referred to are as follows: WALKER]: .AARON liERSHFIELD, President. PIERRE WIBAUX, Vice-PI"esidenf. There is not an obligation of any ~ame or nature made in these seven LEO. C. HARMON, Cashier. States that is not payable in gold; and if merchants manufacturers. and THE STATE NATIONAL BANK. traders the country over will adopt the same plan in ail the obligations they [5015.] receive or give, and in all other transactions, 1t would be the most practical solution of the whole matter. · MILES CITY, MoNT., Marrh 11, 1898. DEAR Sm: Complying with your request of the 28th ultimo, I hand you Those who heard the- gentleman from Massachusetts rMr. herewith one of our blank notes, such as we use in the general course of WALKER] a moment ago know that he reiterated the same state business. We make none of our obligations payable in gold. . ment, nearly twelve months having elapsed since he had notice Very respectfnlly, that it was at least questioned. LEO. C. HARMON, Cashier. Mr. -Chairman, the gentleman from Massachusetts fMr. Ron. CHARLES S. HARTMAN, M. C., WALKER] suggests that that denial is made in a Pickwick-ian Washington, D. C. sense. I want him to. distinctly understand that it is not; but I MILES CITY, MONTANA,-- - 189-, submit, and I think I will demonstrate before I get through, that S----:- --after date, for value received -promise to pay to the order of his statement was made in a Gulliver-ian sense. the STATENATIONAL BANK, of Miles City, Montana, the sum of-- dollars, Mr. Chairman, after that statement was made, I wrote to fifteen payable at said bank, with interest at the rate of-p er annum from----L until paid, and with attorney's fees, in addition to costs, should the holder b8 or sixteen of the leading banks of my State, stating that the gen obliged to enforce payment at law. tleman from Massachusetts [Mr. WALKER] had made this state ment, and asking them what the truth was. I hold in my hand No.--. Whendue---. fifteen letters, signed by the cashiers or presidents of fifteen of E. H. TALCOTT, President. W. D. ELLIS, Vice-President. J. C. VILAS, the largest banks in my State, transacting the greatest amount of Cashier. D. A .. McCAw, Assistant Cashier. business, and I will read one or two of them. I can not read all THE NATIONAL PARK BANK. of them, and I think that even this House, gold standard as it is, [Capital, $100,000. Surplus, $1R,OOO.] will admit that the cashiers of those resnective banks know almost LIVINGSTON, .MONT., March 4, 1898. as much about the character of their obligations as the gentleman DEAR SIR: Your favor of the 28th instant, relating t o stat;ement of Congres!t from Massachusetts [Mr. WALKER], who has furnished more mis man WALKER regarding obligations in this State being made :payable in gold, is received. This statement is absolutely false. In my expenence of twelve information to the world on this question than all the rest of the years in this State I have yet to see the first obligation, made by a person House of Representatives put together. [Laughter.] J read the residing in the State, dema-nding and expressing in such obligation or con first letter that I happen to pick out from this bundle of letters tract its payment in, gold. I herewith inclose blank form of note used by this bank in its general course of business. With kind regards, which I have: Very truly, yours, 0. K. LEWIS, President. CHARLES C. RUEGER, Vice-P1·esident. E. H. TALCOTT, Preside·nt. FAYETTE HARRINGTON, Cashier. Hon. C. S. HARTMAN, Washington, D. C. [4.283.] LIVINGSTON, MONTANA, ---, 189-. No.--. ----after date, for value r eceived, we jointly and sev THE SILVER BOW NATIONAL BANK erally promise to pay to the order of theNational Park Bank, at OF BUTTE OITY. Amonnt, [Capital, $100,000.] THE NATIONAL PARK BANK, LIVINGSTON, JI[ONTANA, . BUTTE CITY, MONT., March 9, 1898. s-. --dollars, with lnterest a.t one - per cent per m onth from DEAR SIR: In r eply to your favor of February 28\ as to oblig~tions in this date, until paid, and with$-attorney 's fees, in addition to Stat-e being payable in gold, I would say I have been m the banking a~d loa~ other costs, in case the holder enforces payment at law. ing business in Montana over twenty years and never saw a note wntten m :6ue, the State payable in gold. I inclose-herewith one of our blank notes, which we use constantly. Yours, truly, FAYETTE HARRINGTO~ , Cashier. G. H. ADAMS, President. FRED. LANGERMAN, Vice-Pre.sident. W. C. WHIPPS. Ron. CHARLES S. HARTMAN, W ashington, D. C. Cashiel'. R. E. WEBSTER, Assistant Cashier. The blank note referred to in the letter is appended, as follows: [No. 4586. Capital, $50,000. ] TEE FffiST NATIONAL BANK. $--·- BUTTE CITY, MONTANA,---, 189-. KALISPELL, MONT., Ma1·ch 5,1898. ----after date, we, or either of us, promise to pay DEAR Sm: Replpng to your favor of the 28th ult imo, I beg to state that so THE SILVER BOW NATIONAL BANK OF BUTTE CITY, far as my observatwn has gone the facts are that in local loans the stipulated money payment is simply "lawful money," but on Eastern money p_ut out or order,-- dollars for value received, negotiable and payable .with $--. KALISPELL, MONTANA.,---, 189-. GOLD. T. CURTIS, President. J. T. ARMINGTON, Vice-P1·esident. j --after date-- promise to pay to the order of ----dollars, for H. H. MATTESON, Oashie1·. value received, payable at the FIRST NATIONAL BANK of KALISPELL, ~ONT., THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF GREA'I' FALLS. with interest from maturity at the rate of- per cent per annum until paid. ~And further agree that in the event of a suit to enforce the collection [Capital, $200,000. Surplus, $25,000.] of this note~ a reasonable counsel fee, to be fixed and determined by the court, GREAT FALLS, MONT., March 12, 1896. shall be adaed to and form a part of the judgment as damages. DEAR Sm: We have received your letter of February 28, and beg to say1 No.--. ----. that the statement made by Mr. JosEPH H. WALKER, of Massachusetts, that Due----. --· --. obligations made in the seven Western States referred to is false in every particular-at least so far as Montana is concerned. The facts in the case W. A. CLARK. J. Ross CLARK. are that there is no stipulation as to what kind of money notes and mort W . .A.. CLARK & BROTHER, gages in the State of Montana shall be paid in. We inclose herewith a blank' Bankers. note used in this bank, and also generally in use all over the State.· BUTTE CITY, MONT., March 5, 1896. Very truly, yours, DEAR Sm: .Your favor of the 28th ultimo re-ceived and all noted. I have G. T. CURTIS, P1·esident. been cashier of this above banksincel887, and have been with the house since Ron. CHARLES S. HARTMAN, Novemberh1876, and never, to my knowledge, has a note or a legal instru House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. ment for t is firm of any kind been made in which the words "payable in $-. GREAT F A.LLS, MONTANA,----, 189-. gold" appeared. In all mortgages, notes, etc., wherein nature or kind of ----after date, we, or either of us, promise to pay to the order of money to be paid is mentioned, it has been, and is at present, the custom to the FIRST NATIONAL BANK -- dollars, for value received. Negotiable. use the words "lawful money of the United States." and payable at the First National1 Bank, in Great Falls. Montana, with inter· . You will please find herein a blank note that we are using every day in our :est at the rate of- per cent per month from maturity until paid, and rea business; in fact, it is practically the same form used since the establishment sonable attorney's fees. of tlmrbank, in-March, 1877. · ' The makers and endorsers heteby waive presentment, demand, protest. I beg to congratulate you on your position on bimetallism, and hope you and notice thereof. maywin. · No. ---. Disc't--. Respectfully, yours, -Due----, 189- ALEX. J. JOHNSTON, Cashier. P.O.-- Ron. CHARLES S. IIARTMAN, House of Representatives, Washington., D. C. JOHN POTTER, President. A. HERSHFIELD, Vice-President. JAS. T. J--.- BuTTE CITY, MoNTANA,-- -189-. WooD, Cashier. HUGH CAMERON, Assistant Cashier. ---- after date, ·without_ grace, for value received, we or either of us, promise to pay to the or;t.:: ·On or before ------after date, I, we, or either of us, promise to pay to the. order of THE IDAHO INVESTMENT Co., LIMITED\-- dol ~-~ lars, value received, negotiable and payable at the First N atwnal Bank THOMAS CRUSE, President. FRANK H. CRUSE, Vice-President. W. J. COoKE./ o..:l of Dillon, Montana, with interest from-- until paid, at the rate of - Secretary and Assistant Treasurer. W. J. SWEENEY, T1·easurer. 1 .1:1 ~ aSO [Capital $100,000.] rtlO f;~~n!J:~~n£:c~!~~~~:l~!~~~~: t~~~~~!~tl~: ~~~~~u~~~n; ~--~ ... No.--. ----. THE THOMAS CRUSE SAVINGS BANK. ~~ Due----. ----. (Incorporat~d.) ~a P.O.--. HELEXA, MONT., 1Jfa1·ch 7, 1898. $-- DILLON, MoNT.,----, 189-. Ron._CHARLES S. HARTMAN, ------after date, I, we, or either of us, promise to pay to THE FIRST Washingtan, D. C. NATIONAL BANK, of Dillon Montana, or order,-- dollars for value re · DEAR Sm: I have your valued communication of the 28th of February,• ceived, negotiable and payable at said bank in Dillon, with in~rest thereon and same is fully noted. qpmplying with your request, I take yleasure iii from date until paid, both before and after maturity, at the rate of- per handing you herewith a blanK note fm·m used exclusively by this mstitution. cent per month. You will observe it contains no gold clause, and we would willingly accept' No.--. silver coin in payment of obligations due us. As a matter of fact, for some con.· Due----. --·----. siderable time the mutilated currencythatwe have forwarded to the Unitec:l P.O.--. ----. States Treaaury at Washington for redemption, with the accompanying~ ,1742 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 11, request that its equivalent be remitted to our Eastern correSl)ondent at New ing business at this place we have never·in a single instance discriminated 'fork or Chicago for our credit, has met with no success, and instead the in favor of gold in any business transaction. - reasury Department hM forwarded to our institution Treasury notes and I inclose blank note, and add that we have used this form for at least fifteen reenbacksofthe denomination of $1 and i2. Whythlsshould be doneis evi years. If your quotation from Hon. Mr. WALKER is intended to apply to ient. As a matter of fact, at the present tiine silver coins are not by any us, it is abSolutely false. ~eans a drug in this part of the country, and it becomes necessary at times With highest regard, I am, yours, truly, io express them into the State in order to meet the demand for change. As ALDEN J. BENNETT. you are no doubt aware, our president, Thomas Cruse, is largely interested in !tnines in this State. At the present time he is operating three mining proper $ VIRGINIA CITY, MONT.,---, 18-. ties and running a mill, and will in the near future operate another mill. To No.------after date, for value received, -;promise to pay make it understood clearly by those that are skeptjcal regarding his position HALL & BENNETT or order, --dollars, at the1r office in Vir on the money question, you will please find herewith copy of a telegram that Due -- ginia City, with interest thereon from date, both before and after he sent to the New York World prior to the last issue of bonds by the Gov maturity of this note, at the rate of- per cent per month, inter ernment, and in reply to the Woxld's telegra.m as to how be stood on the est payable monthly. sound-currency system. "HELENA, MONT., January 11,1896. ••The WORLD, New York City, N.Y.: Hon. CHARLES S. HARTMAN, "I favor home loans; question of rate of interest undecided on bonds; can Washington, D. 0. not say, therefore, about investing; I will furnish the Government gold bul Mr. McMILLIN. I yield to the gentleman from Colorado [Mr. lion over five hundred fine (the product of mr mines); Helena delivery in exchange for silver coin delivered here, and believe the majority of the mfu:e SHAFROTH] five minutes. owners of 1\Ionta:na will do likewise, and the probabilities are that all other Mr. SHAFROTH. Mr. Speaker, I want to testify to the fact Jnining States would do the same, and keep the reserve intact for the Gov that in the State of Colorado, classed as one of the silver States, ernment; if you advocate this principle and mine owners cooperate, it will put a stop to bond issues. 'the great mass of the obligations are not payable in gold. I do not "Respectfully, yours, W. J. SWEENEY, Treasurer." believe that there is a single bank in the State of Colorado that has an obli~ation payable in gold. But, Mr. Speaker, I want to say $--. HELEN .A, MONT.A.N.A., ---, 189-. ----after date- promise to pay to the order of W. J. Sweeney, somethmg concerning the statement made by the gentleman from treasurer'!....-- dollars, for value received, payable at THE THOMAS CRUSE Massachusetts [Mr. KNox] who has this bill in charge. He has f3.A. VD\GS tl.A.NK .AT HELEN.A, MoNT .AN.A, with interest from--- at the made the statement that he believes in the single gold standard, rate of- per cent per-until paid. because he believes that the production of gold is sufficient. If it And further agree that in the event of a suit to enforce the collection of ~his note a reasonable counsel fee, to be fixed and determined by the court, is sufficient to form a basis for the money of the world, there might shall be added to and form a part of the judgment as damages. All rights be some logic in his position; but, Mr. Speaker, although there has and benefits conferred by the statute of limitations are expressly waived, it being expressly agreed that suit may be maintained to enforce collection been an increase in the p1·oduction of gold, the gentleman seems lJ,ereof at any tnne after maturity, the provisions of the statute of limitations to forget that the uses of gold are multiplying. He seems to for to the contrary notwithstanding. All rights and benefits under the home get that to-day we are using milhons and millions of dollars in stead and exemption laws of the State are also hereby expressly waived and gilding, in dentistry, in medals, in charms, in watches, and jewelry, :relinquished. No.--. where we used a very small amount a few years ago. Due---. Why, Mr. Speaker, when a person contrasts the use of gold at the present time with the use of gold twenty or twenty-five years ;[Established 1873.] ago, he is appalled at the enormous increase of its use in the arts. Robert Giffen, the statistician of the London Board of Trade and HENRY ELLING, BANKER. a gold monometallist, declared three or four years ago that there VIRGTh"'I.A. CITY, MONT., March 6, 1896. was not a single dollar of the annual product of gold that went DEAR SIR: In answer to your favor of 28th ultimo, only fou:r of the notes held by this bank are payable in gold, and they cover a loan to the Manhattan into coin.- He did not mean that there were no new coins made, Company of $40,000 for a term of years. As they are an Eastern corporation, but he meant that as many coins found the melting pot of the I deemed it proper to measure out to them some of their own medicine. ~oldsmith as there were coins made from the annual production. In all other transactions in this bank no stipulation is made other than J,awful money of the United States. Sir Lyon Playfair a few years ago estimated that 75 per cent of I inclose herewith samples of our notes as used at all times. the gold product went into the arts. He is a gold monometallist Yours, truly, and a member of the British Parliament. Profes or Fawcett, HENRY ELLING. another gold monometallist, has stated that of the gold product of Ron. CHARLES S. HARTMAN . Washington, D. 0. 1892, which was $138,000,000, the sum of $110,000,000 went into the arts. Why, when we look around us and see this beautiful $--: BANKING HOUSE OF HENRY ELLING, Virginia City, State of Montana, ---, .A. D. 189-. Library building across the way, and find that they are using ---~after date. for value received,- promise to pay to the order gold leaf in such quantity that they even spread it upon the dome HE~Y ELLING the sum of--dollars, with interest upon same, both of that building, and we find that in the inrerior it is used in large fore and after maturity of this note, at the rate of- per cent per month, quantities in decorations, we can readily see that this increased e interest payable monthly. . t No.--. ------.. production can not keep pace with the use of it in the arts. Mr. Speaker, the best evidence of the fact that gold is not pro $-. BANKING HOUSE OF HENRY ELLING, duced in sufficient quantities to act as a base for the monetary Virginia City, Montana, ---, 189-. systems of the world is the -declaration of the Secretary of the ----after date, for value received,- promise to pay to the order Treasury as compared with former declarations from that Depart of HENRY ELLING, at his banking house at Virginia City, Montana, the sum ment. Senator SHERM.A.N in 1876 made the statement that there of --dollars, with interest on same, both before and after the maturity of this note, at the rate of- per cent per- until paid, interest payable- were $3,500,000,000 of gold in the world. No better authority can be produced on the gold side of this question, and yet I find the -; and, if the interest on said princinal sum is not punctually paid1 it shall become a part of the principal, and thereafter bear the same rate of mterest statement made by the Treasury Department in the year 1896 that as the principal----. . • there are $4,000,000,000 of gold in the world. In other words, there No.--. ----. has been an increase of only $500,000,000 of gold to the basic money of the world in the past twenty years. And that means what? It HENRY ELLING, JosEPH KoUNTZ, GEo. L. R.A.MSEY, GEo. Cox, means simply $25,000,000 a year. That is all that has been added President. Vice-President. Oasnier. .Asst. Cashier. per annum in the past twenty years. Is that sufficient to add to COMMERCIAL EXCHANGE BANK. the basic money of the world to keep pace with the progress of commerce and the increase in the credits of the world? - [Succeeded by Commercial National Bank. Ca-pital, $50,000. Incorforated under the State banking laws. Paid-up capital stock, $W,OOO. :Mr. Speaker, when we see these facts, it seems to me that no one BoZEMAN, MoYT., Ma1·chl., 1896. who looks at them carefully can come to any other conclusion than E.A.R. Sm: In.refutation of the statement of Congressman JOSEPH H. that the production of gold has not kept pace with the increased .A.LKER~ ?f Massachusetts, we beg to hand you herewith a copy of the note use of it. -The increased use in the arts is enormous . d by tnis bank in the transaction of its business. ~In our judgment, it is not the custom for money lenders in this country to The SPEAKER pro tempore {Mr. HENDERSON). The time of insert a gold clause in their money contracts. - the gentleman has expired. Yours, respectfully, Mr. McMILLIN. I yield four minutes to the gentleman froin GEORGE L. RAMSEY, Cashier. North Carolina. · _ Hon. CH.A..RLES S. HARTMAN, Washingto-n. Mr. SKINNER. Mr. Speaker, I desiresiinply1 as a Populist, to $--, BoZEMAN, 1\IoNT., ---189-. protest against the making of any contracts, either by individuals ----after date -promise to pay to the CoMMEROI.A.L EXOH.A.NGE or by corporations, which state they are solvable otherwise than in BANK, or order,-- dollars, value received; payable at the Commercial Jilxchange Bank, with interest at the rate of -per cent per month from -- the lawful money of the country. In other words, I take the posi -until paid----. _ tion that CongreSs should not give its countenance and sanction to any contract that can not be' solvable in the lawful money of the Government. To take any other position is to destroy at once the No.--. Due~--. legal-tender quality of all money. Now, what you shall make law ful tender must be based upon the present and the futm·e. If it is ,AMos C. HALL (Estate). .ALDEN J. BENNETT. gold. then the contract will be solvable in gold; if it is gold, sil'ver, HALL & BENNETT, BANKERS. and leg~-tender paper, then it is solvable in those classes of money; VIRGINIA CITY, MONT., March6, 1896. l)E.A..R Srn: Replying to your favor of the 28th ultimo, I ~ to say that but, Mr. Speaker, I am opposed to trying to accomplish by indi· fJ.uring the seventeen years in which our firm has been engaged in the bank- rection what neither pat·ty in this country to-day is willing ro .- 1897. -OONGRESSIONAL ltEOORD-HOUSE. 1743 accomplish directly-that is, to put us upon · a · singlegold · stand~rd. legislation was ~never placed on our statute books. The object The Republican party is committed to international bimetallism, sought by this bill is-to make the·debt of New Mexico payablein and it has its commissioner a bread to-day to see if this can be ac gold only. By direct legislation and the arbitrary rulings of the complished. The Democratic party and the .Populist party are Treasury Department the public debt of the United States has 'committed to the free coinage 0f silver at 16 to 1. Only the Palmer been placed in precisely tliat condition. . In order to accomplish varty of this country is committed to the .gold-standard policy. this result unjust legislation was secured through questionable, if Mr. Speaker, this may be an ingenious method tQ put upon the not disreputable, methods. The original public debt growing out 90untry the Palmer Democrats and its policy to execute con of the war was payable in ihe lawful money of the United States, !tracts to the detriment of the great masses of the American people. which at that time consisted of gold, silver, and paper. There :Let me suggest this. It may be that th& Territories have made are some at this late day who refuse to believe that the bonded 1gold contracts for the future. To extend a contract is to make a debt a.s originally contracted could have been paid in legal tender 'new contract; and if our brethren have been so unwary, as the paper money. As proof that such was the fact, I will quote from :gentleman .from Iowa suggested, that if the. contract ?ailed for -Senators JoHN SHERMAN and B. F. Wade in support of my state dynamite, 1t ought to be kept. Now, I believe gold 1s next _to ment. I will add that these letters were written during the earlier 'dynamite to the best interests of the common people and them stage of the refunding scheme. 'stitutions of this la.nd. Yet in our sovereign body, as t:he great In a speech delivered in the Senate February 27, 1867. JOHN fHouse that represents the people, we should 1·eli€ve them from any SHERMAN said: · tsuch contracts as those. Equity and justice are amply satisfied if we redeem -these bonds at the end , Then, :1\h'. Speaker there is another thought that ought to be of five years in the same kind of money, of the same intrinsic value it bore at suggested, and it ought to be impressed upo~ the minds of Fe~eral the time they were issued. Gentlemen may reason about this matter over and over again, and they can not come to any other conclusion; at least that legislators. On page 3, line 12, of the pendmg measure or b1ll, I has been my conclusion after the most careful consideration. Senators are 'find this langage: sometimes in the habi.t. in order to defeat the argunlent of an antagoni::rt, of I Which interest shall he paid semiannually in gold or its equivalent in law saying that this is repudiation. Why,-sir, every citizen of t,he United States tul money of the United States, on the 15th day of January and the 15th day has conformed his business to the legal-tender clause. He has collected and ~f July of each year, etc. . . . paid his debts accordingly. The amendment of the distinguished gentleman from Tennessee In 1868 he wrote to a friend as follows: '! [Mr. McMILLIN], through whose courtes_y 1 .am permitted to DEAR Srn: I was pleased to receive your letter. My personal interests are the same as yours, hut, like you, I do not intend to be influenced by them. address the House, adds, at the end of line 25, ·on page 3: My construction of the law is the result of ·careful examination, and I f eel 1 Provided, That the prjncipal :arul the interest tif the bonds funded under quite sure -an impartial co-qrt would confirm it, if the case could be tried this act shall be payable in lawful money of the United Sta.tes,.ex(Jept the before-a court. I send you my views as fully stated in a speech. Your idea 1Original bonds above described heretofore issued. · is that we propose to repudiate or violate a -promise when we offer to redeem -the "principal" in legal tenders. I thinkthe bondholderviolateshisprom.ise The gentleman from Tennessee is adroit and patriotic in pre when he refuses to take the same kind of .mone¥ he paid for the bonds. If ·Benting his amendment. It meets the hearty appToval:of all Popu the aa.se is to he tested by the law, I am right; if it is to be tested by Jay )ists, of all true silver men of ail parties, and will, as it should, be Cook's advertisements, I am wrong. I hate repudiation or anything like it, 1 but we ought not to be deterred from doing what is right by fear of unde "dopted overwhelmingly. This amendment presents squarely the -served epithets. If, under the law as it stands, the holders of the five-twenties f1ssues involved in thB great battle begun in 1896, and which Will can be paid in gold, then we are re.pudia.tors if ~e pro.pose to pay otherwise. be .finished in 1900, in the interest of human rights -and human Jf the bondholder can legally demand only the lrind of money he ;paid, then ha 1 is a repudiator and extertionerto demand money more valuable-than he gave. existence. If 1 can read and interpret the English language, and 'l'ruly, yours, 'if party platforms mean anything, all three of the great parties, JOHN SHERMAN. :to-wit, Democratic, Republican, and Populist, are committed to_ Senator W ·ade in answ-er to .a letter from a friend said: free silver-the Populist and Democratic party by independent Vrcm-PRF.siDENTts CHAMBER., 'action 16 to 1, and the Republican party by international agree Washingtcm, De.cember 111,1867. ment. The only gold party in existence to-day is the Palmer or Yours of the 8th instant is received, and 1 m.nst cordially agree with every so-called National Democrats. The sooner these and the gold word and sentence of it. I am for the laboring portion of our people. The rich can take care of themselves. While I must scr~ulously live up to aU 'wing of the Republicans get together the better for the great bat the contracts of the Government, and fight rel)udiation to the death, I will tle of 1900, which is inevitable and irresistible. fight the bondholder -as resolutely when he undertakes t9 get -mare than .th.e The Republican party,1 repeat, is committed in its pla-tform to pound of 1lesh. We never agreed to pay the five-twenties in gold; no man can find it-in the bond: and I never will consent to have one payment for the free silver; true, by international agreement. If they fail to ob bondholders and another for the people. It would sink a'Ily party, and it tain it in this way, then, since they are committed to the prin ought-to. To talk of ~cie payments or a return to specie under present cir ciple, they are obligated and will :prove cowards if they fail to act 'CUill.Stances is to talk like a fool. It would destroy the country as effectually as a fu·e. And any contraction of the currency at this time is -about as bad. independently to secure this boon to the country. I want to But I have not time to give my ideas in full. 'make this prediction, if they fail to do so a.s an organization the Yours, truly, .BENJAMIN .F. WADE. great mass of their followers will act independent of the party Ron. Thaddeus Stevens a1so d.ecla.red .at the same time that-. 'and strike for the -common weal. If I kn.ew that-any party in this country would go for paying in 'COin that I believe the true policy of all parties :and individual citizens is which is payable in..money~ .thus enhancing it one-half; if I.knew there was to assist and facilitate the incoming Administration to bring to such a platform and such a determination this ·day on the part of .any parcy, I would vote for the other side, Frank Blair and all. I would vote for no sueh . this country pTosperity. · Thls is more desirable than the success speculation in favor oft.he large hondholders,thenilllionaireswhotook ad pf any politica~ party, and the political partythat throws obstruc vantage of our folly in granting them coin payments of interest. tions-in the way to prevent a return of prosperity to the country and I could ce.ntinue this line of ev.idenoe, but enough has been gi veq_ ~ people for the purpose of obtaining a partisan advantage for the to disclose the fact that our national debt was <>rigimtlly payable future will not deserve and will not receive further cormtenance in lawful money. Through the false preten.ae of strengthening or trusts from the people; and the individual who pursues this our national CTedit, what is known as the ''public credit strength.. .~ourse to advance his own ambition will find that by such actions ing act" was passed March 18, 1869. I will quote it in full: ·he forfeits the confidence of his constituents. That in order to remove any doubt as to the purpose of the Government The plain, patriotic duty of the hour is to hold the Republican to discharge all just obligations to the public creditors, and to settle conflict;. 1p.arty to a strict account of the voluntary trust they have assumed ing·questio:ns and interpretations of the laws by virtue of which suc.h .obli j;o b1ing prosperity, and if they succeed they will ana .should be gations have been contracted, it is hereby provided and declared that the 1 faith of the United States is solemnly p1eds:ed to the payment in coin or its their own successors. · -equivalent of all the -obligations of the Umted States-not bearing interest, If they fail, then they must give way to the people who are Jmown as United States notes, and of all the interest-bearing obligations of determined that this country shall not be sacrificed upon the altar the United States, except in cases where the law authorizing the issue of any such obligation ha..'l expressly provided that the same may be paid in lawfUl ·of the single gold standard and corporate power. The financial money or other currency than gold and silver. But none of said interest independence and individuality of the American people must be bearing obligations not already due shall be redeemed or paid before matu established in the interest of civilization and humanity. Hence rity unless at such time United States notes shall be convertible into coin at the option of the holder, or unless at such time bonds of the UIOited States it is, Mr. Speaker, that I protest against making or countenanc bearing a lower rate of interest than the bonds to he redeemed can he sold -a.t ing by legislation contTacts for the Territories, for the States, for par in coin. And the United States also solemnly pledges its faith to ma;ke the Union or the individual that is solvable in gold. I do not mean provision at the earliest practicable period for the redemption of the United to be understood that I would restrain individual rights so as not States notes in coin. to permit private or public contracts payable in commodities, such This act by indirection changed the conditions of the bonded as iron, copper, cotton, wool, corn, wheat, silver, or even gold, if debt and made it payable in coin. Also under the guise of a plea you will reduce gold to a commodity, and take fl:om it all its mon- for less interest, pTecisely as in the case of this bill, Congress etary functions and restore these where they belong-to the Gov- passed the refunding act of July 14, 1870, which declared the ernment, as the representative and agent of the people, from whom bonds payable, principal.and interest, in coin. Not satisfied with ~t has been purloined by wicked and corrupt legislation of the this, a bill was passed surreptitiously through both Hcmses of past twenty-five years. Oorrg;ress in 1873 which dropped the coinage of the standard silver The propoaitions contained in this bill were fully carried out by : dollar and thereby made thesebonds.payable in gold alone. Thesa Congressional ~egislation . in the refunding of our national debtr. ,several acts made our bonded debt, which was bought at the !and I venture to say that a more disastrous or costly piece .or average rate .ot about 58 cents in gold .on the dollar, worth par .in --' 1744 -CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 11, · that same metal and cost thepeoplemanymillions,as I will show vation of cotton, and to the nation and every other industry. The by a computation-of Senator JoNES of Nevada, found in his great South is rich, rich in minerals, iron, coal, lumber, cotton, and ,- speech of January 22, 1894. He says: otherraw material. Give them the ~:~arne measure of protection that From 1862 to 1868 United States interest-bearing bonds ·were is extended to the shops and manufacturer, and we will show you sold to the amount of __------$2,019,975,700 a land and section responding quickly to a return of prosperity .Amount re-eeived for said bonds, discount on coin considered.. 1,371,424,238 and ready to contribute its share to every responsibility imposed by law and will prove a blessing to the nation. Profit to purchasers.------678•551• 462 I desire1 to repeat, in conclusion, that I do not believe this equita· There has been paid as interest------2,538,000,000 ble protection can be obtained unless we shall have free silver at 16 J>remiums for bonds not due ....• ·------·---- 58,000,000 to 1 and supplemental financial legislation; and the Republican Paid on principal of bonds------l, 756•000•000 party would be wise in accepting conditions as they find them, Total paid·------·-·------.t,852,000,000 and as the great champion of protection they would rise to a full Add profit to pm·chasers------·----··-----······------· 678,551,462 measure of their patriotic duty and give this measure of relief to 6•030,551, 462 the people under the broad regis of equitable protection, utterly exemplifying "America for Americans" and a living chance for l5.~~f~1,371,424,238 received for the ~e of bonds ~1?-e _ people have paid all classes of Americans. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has Up to the present tinle there has never been anything but gold expired. paid on the public debt, notwithstanding the fact that the con- Mr. SKINNER. I ask leave to extend my remarks in the tract on the face of every bond declares it payable in coin. RECORD. Such, in brief, is the history of our national debt, which shows The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from North Oar• the vast amount of. treasure the changes that have been made in olina asks permission to extend his remarks in the RECORD. I~J its terms have cost the toiling masses of the nation. there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none, and it This attempt to change the terms of the contract in the debt of is so ordered. New Mexico would, no doubt, cost the people of that Territory as Mr. KNOX. Mr. Speaker, may I inquire what time I have much in proportion as the same scheme has cost the people of the remaining? nation at large. As a matter of fact, howeverl it is not gold pay- . The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman bas twenty-one men ts in New Mexico that the real authors of this measure seek. It minutes remaining. is simply another effort in the line of many attempts to have Con- Mr. KNOX. I yield five minutes to my colleague from Massa- gress pass a bill directing gold payments somehow or somewhere. chusetts rMr. WALKER]. A precedent of this kind is eagerly and persistently sought in Mr.. WALKER of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I am rejoiced order to be used to force legislation of a similar character regard- as much as any man in this House to find that Montana is in the ing our national bonded indebtedness. I predict that this bill Union, as it certainly is if what my friend says is true-:-and I.have will be defeat-ed, but even this will not prevent further efforts no disposition at all to question his statement-but I wish to say from being continued in that direction with the hope and expec- that I consulted a dozen gentleman here from nine Western States tation that Congress will at last be foolish· enough to succumb to and only used seven, only one of whom I now see, before I made my such relentless importunity. In my opinion, gold payments in our statement with reference to those States. However, I may ·have national finances will never obtain, save, as now, by indirection made a mistake as to Montana. There are two gentlemen on the and absolute violation of law. If the trend of public sentiment floor who have put gold notes from two of those States into mt be a guide,·it is safe to predict that the near future will bring hands since the gentleman spoke. I presume there are hundreda legislation of an opposite character that will force those in author- in this city. One reads as follows: . ity to obey the law, and silver, as well as gold, will be used in [No.1.] liquidating Government obligations. · · S.ALT LAKE OITY, UTAH, March 10, 1896. on the 1st day of May, 1896, afterdateJ without grace, for value received The matter of funding is going on to-day in all the ramifications 1t of public and private business. The bondholder of the nation, pyomise to pay tp the order of G. s. Hormes eleven and No- dollars ($11.20) tn State and municipal, and the mortgagee are offering to fund-in United States gold coin, negotiable and payable at the First National Bank instances as an inducement is a lower rate of interest, in of Fort Wayne, Indiana, without defalcation or discount, with interest at the Some rate of 8 per cent per annum from maturity until paid, both before and after some instances a composition of the debts; but invariably they judgment, and if suit be instituted for the collection of this note I agree to . hold on to all their securities and get as much more as possible, pay reasonable dollars attorney's fees. · and always want the principal and interest payable in gold or its The California note is for $252.65, and is as follows: equivalent in lawful money. $252. 65. SAN DIEGo, December 1.5,18S4. The unfortunate debtor reaches for all in sight that offers any Ninety days after date,..without grace, for value received, I promise to pay hope, but he will find the mortgagee and bondholder, instead of to the order of Frank J. uonno)ly tbe sum of· two hundred and fifty-two -M, lessening his burden, is adding to and pe~tuating his load and dollars, with interest thereon, from this date until payment at the rate of ten fixing the status of himself 'and children as chattels and slaves to per cent per ~~um, pay-a_ble quarterly, and if .not so paiq, then to .bec.ome -a h Mr part of the pnnCipal of thlB note, and to bear like rate of mterest till faid. the gold and corporate power o f the world · . A n. t us, · Both principal and interest to be vaid in United States gold coin. And fur· Speaker, we drift from worse to wo~se, ~nd so It will ~e until a ther agree th&:t iu the event. of smt brought ~J?-St m~ then there shall be deceived and o~ressed people will riSe like a mightv giant and add~d to any Judgment agamst me. reJ?-dered m 53:1d smt, as counsel fees, an · · f Mr. JOHNSON of California. _I said that I could only tell cer the ~o~it;tee...:..the men from the oonn~erci~l - ce~ters~ho are the tainly as to California, and that so far as California wa~ concerned holders of the indebtedness of the Territories and who represent you were correct. generally the holders of such indebtedness. . Mr. WALKER of Massachusetts. Now, Mr. Speaker, a word In order that gentlemen on this side . of the House may not be as to the bill. The United States Government, the maker of all influenced in any way to vote against the passage of this bill by forms of money, can n.ot specify that any one of its obligations reason of the amendment which has been offered, I wish to state shall be payable in anything but ''lawful money" or "coin." To that it was the intention of the committee fu fr.aming ·this bill to do so would be to discredit every other money except the money make these refunding bonds payable in lawful money of the named. That can not be done by the Government without dis United States. That intention is distinctly'expressed on the third gracing the country and depreciating every other form of money page of the bill, in lines 20 to 22: except the form that is named. Having promised in t he body of The principal of said bonds shall be made payable in lawful money of the the law that all our money shall be kept at a parity, while we use United States fifty years after the date of their issue. gold at all the statement is a promise that all obligations shall be How, then, has any difficulty arisen with reference to this ques paid in gold, and therefore we can not mention gold in a ~ew tion? How has it come to be supposed that the bill provided for obligation at this late day. But there is no reason why any mty, the issuing of gold bonds? It is because of the clause beginning corporation, or individual may not mention any kind of money on line 4 of section 3: whatever, without detriment to itself or to the fnoney of the Said bonds shall bear interest at a rate to be fixed by said loan commission country. The distinction is as wide as it can possibly be between ers, not e.xceeding 4 per cent, except bonds issued by the Territory of Arizoru. the use1·s of money doing so and its maker doing so. I can not in exchange for indebtedness of the kind and description in this act author ized and required to be funded or exchanged, and wnich indebtedness has specify that one of my notes, if I make a dozen different kinds, already been presented to be exchanged under existing law, in which case shall be payable in a more valuable thing ~han another wi~hout said bonds shall bear intereRt at a rate not to exceed 5 per cent; which inter· depreciating all the other notes that I have Issued, and that 1s the est sha.ll be paid semiannually, in gold- position in which the United States stands. But, so far as any It will be observed that the clause "which interest shall be State, any Territory, any city, any cor~oration, ?r any indiv:idual paid semiannually in gold" is preceded by a semicolon. This is concerned, we do them wrong, we VlOlate their naturalnghts, should have been a comma, because the clause was intended to if we forbid them doing so, if one man, or one corporation, or one apply simply to bonds issued by the Territory of Arizona, those State, or one city desires to make such an obligation. I despise bonds having previously been issued under the. refunding provi and hate and contemn the doctrine that " the greatest good to the sion of theactof Congress of 1890, which especially provided that greatest number" is to control. It .is one of the_ m ~ngle gold standard in this country and the power of the United Mr. KNOX. Certainly. . :atates behind all our currency. I submit to the distinguished gen Mr. McOALL of Tennessee. I understood the gentleman from 'tleman from New York that there is no occasion at the present Massachusetts to submit a motion that a semicolon in section 3 of time to say in any contracts made by authority of the American the bill be changed to a comma. I wish to ask if that has been Congress that the word ''gold}' must be inserted or may be in agreed to? ·r,rted. You want to do away with the distinction of the words The SPEAKER. It can only be agreed to by the House. It 'gold" or" silver." ·Moneyunderourlawsto-day, under the acts will be voted on after the previous Question is ordered. of Congress, means gold. The policy of 1891 had the same quali 1\fr. KNOX. I ask a vote. - fication, and the issue of Government bonds, when authorized, .Mr. BARTLETT of New York. I hope the gentleman will not did not make them payable in gold, but all of them were issued object to a vote on the suggestion or amendment of the gentleman payable in the coin of the country. Under the declared p<;>licy of from Tennessee [1\Ir. McMILLm ]. the Government at that time they were issued for coin; but at the Mr. KNOX. t did not undertake to object to the vote on the ~am e time it was also the declared policy of the Government that amendment of the gentleman from Tennessee. I have already the silver of the country should be maintained on a parity with stated that so far as the committee is concerned we were ready to gold. accept it. Now, the gentleman from Colorado [Mr. BELL] has talked of the Mr. McCALL of Tennessee. I would like to ask the gen tleman scarcity of gold and the quantity of gold in circulation. If we from Massachusetts a question, with his consent. take the exampl-e of every commercial nation in the world as a cri Mr. KNOX. I ask the previous 9,uestion. terion, we have in the United Stat-es to-day -enough gold in the Mr. :McCALL of Tennessee. Will the gentleman yield for a. 'Vaults of the banks, in the Treasury of the United. States, and in the simple question in regard to the amendment already offered? hands of the people to maintain for ourselves a sound, abtmdant, 1\Ir. KNOX. Very well; what is it? I will yield for a question. ~nd stable currency based on the standard of the whole world Mr. McCALL of Tennessee. Do-es the changing of a semicolon the single gold standard, the standard o~ civilization, the standard to a comma meet the objection to the bill which has precipitated of progress, the standard of wealth, and the standard of commer this discussion? cial progress the world over. Mr. KNOX. It does; but as a matter of security out of abun I said, Mr. Speaker, .and I repeat, that I deprecate at this time dant caution there is no objection to the amendment of the gentle the further agitation of the question of the currency of this coun man from Tennessee. try. I think it leads to nothing but doubt and disturbance in Mr. McCALL of Tennessee. I only desired to call the attention business affairs, and that the disturbance arising from such a of the country to the slight difference which produced two hours' cause is unavoidable. I think it will retard the progress we all discussion and demonstrate upon what a slender thread momen hope to see in the near future. It is the question of the prosperity tous events may depend. Th'6 question was, Should a semicolon 9f this country that we are to deaJ with. We upon this· side of be a comma. ·the Rouse believe th.at the prosperity of the country was lost when Mr. KNOX. I ask the previous question. the country was robbed of its revenues and when the manufacture The previous question was ordered, under the operation of which of goods we m ade here was t1·ansferred to Euro::_Je, and when the the amendment striking out the semicolon and inserting a comma farmers an d the lumbermen of Canada were given charge of the in section 3 was agreed to. supply of the great home markets of the United States instead of The SPEAKER. The Clerk will now report the amendment of the American farmers. the gentleman from Tenn-essee. We believe the day has come for a change. We believe the day The Clerk read as follows: ~sat ha.nd when we can restore the prosperity of the country by Page 3, line 25, insert: enacting wise and adequate protective tariff lawshand that that "Provided, That the principal and interest of the bonds funded under this act shan be payable in lawful money of the United States, except the Arizona is the duty which the Republican party and t e Republican bonds above described, heretofore issued." members of this Congress have no choice but to discharge. I think it injures our chances of doing that, I think it puts back, The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mr. reta,rds, and possibly lessens the great prosperity we hope to see BARTLETT of New York), there were-ayes 149, noes 7. result, to complicate this question with the further disturbance Accordingly the amendmen t was agreed to. and further discussion of the question of currency. I do not care The bill as amended was ordered to be engrossed and read a third whethe::.- it be in the form of discussing the silver standard alone time; and it was accordingly read the third time. or the gold standard, or silver and gold, or in the form of discussing Mr. BAILEY. Mr. Speaker, I desire to make a motion tore another monetary conference, we are here for business, or soon commit this bill with instructions to strike out the sixteenth sec will be, and the business intrusted to us is to give back to the tion. I did not observe it until it was too late to raise the question, country the conditions.of former prosperity, which I hopa we shall before the consideration of the bill was ended. soon accomplish. The SPEAKER. The gentl-eman from Texas [Mr. BAILEY] Mr. CLARDY. If the gentleman will allow an interruption, moves to recommit the bill to the committee with instructions to p.e has just stated that there is an ample supply of gold in the strike out section 16. The Clerk will report the section proposed world as a metallic basis for our m,oney-- to be stricken out. 1\Ir. KNOX. No; I beg the gentleman's pardon. The Clerk read as followsz Mr. CLARDY (continuing). And I would be glad if the gen SEa. 16. That the provisions and r equirements of this act shall apply to and be in full force and effect in all the Territories of the United State ; and all 'tleman would state now the amount of gold per capita in the outstanding bonds, warrants, and other evidenr..es of indebtedne of said 'World. Territorie , and the counties, school districts, an d municipalities within a.id Mr. KNOX. 1\fr. Speaker, I am not to be catechised, for I see Territories heretofore authorized by legisl.ative enactments of said Ter r ito rie , or by Congress, and which said bonds, warrants, and ot her evidences of what that would lead to. The gentleman, howeve1·, is mistaken indebtedness have been sold, donated or exchanged in good faith, and which in my st.atement. are n ow held by innocent purcha er s by purchase, donation, or exchange~ Mr. CLARDY. I ·hope the gentleman will state, then, the shall be funded as in this act provided; and all of said bonds warrants, ana. other evidences of indebtedness so authorized, iss ued, sold, donated, or ex ~.mount of gold per capita in the United States. · changed as a.foresaid are hereby confirmed, approved, and validated, and shall M.r. KNOX. I have stated that there was sufficient gold in the be funded as in this act provided. 'United States to serve as a basis for .an abundant, sound, and The .SPEAKER. The question is on the motion of the gentle ·elastic circulation. man from Texas [.Mr. BAILEY] to recommit the bill with instruc Mr. CLARDY. But the gentleman must remember that gold is tions to strike out the section which has been read. · ~e money of the world, as he says himself, and ·not of the United The question was taken; and on a d.lvision (demanded by Mr. ~tates alone, and you must have enough gold for the world's BAILEY) there were-ayes 51, noes 96. Accordingly the motion to recommit was rejected. uE&~YKNOX. I repeat, that it is easy to see why, if I submitted to The bill was passed. a catechism on that question, there would be no end to this ilis On motion of Mr. KNOX, a motion to reconsider the last vote through by paragraphs later, I will as~ that the first reading be additional subsidy above the amount o~ the most liberal mail pay dispensed with. · now given to railroad companies. Of course this question is mis- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from California [Mr. LoUD] understood by the great mass of our people. Of cou~se Post fSks that the first reading of the bill be dispensed witli. If there mJ.Sters-General have complained to Congress ~hat they had no lB no objection, it will be so ordered. power to remedy the existing evil in that directio~ Postmasters There was no objection. General have appealed here in report after report, sta-ting to us Mr. LOUD. Mr. Chairman, it is not my :purpose to make any that the amotmts paid to raih·oad companies were enormous and extended statement in relation to this appropnation bill. It canies too large. Yet permit me to say that the power is vested to-day the usual appropriations, substantially as recomm-ended by: the where it properly belongs, in the chief executive officers of the Pepartment, but revised in some particulars on a few items where Post-Office Department. That tleems to be generally unknown to we thought the increase asked for was more than should be the great mass of the membership of this House; unknown to appropl·iated. Postmasters-General until within a very short period. The Post-Office appropriation bill is growing in amount, as Congress very properly fixes the maximum rate which may be )nembers of the House will ascertain-rather more rapidly than I paid. Congress is not a competent body to legislate in detail for should personally prefer. The estimates for this year are, in round the payment of those railroad companies in mail pay. Let me numbers, $97,000,000, and the bill carries an appropriation of illustrate to you why it is not a competent body. There are a $95,000,000 in round numbers, or$1,903,000 less than the estimate~ a great many incidental questions connected with railroad mail The sum recommended by the committee, however, is $3,040,000 pay. Some of the smaller railroad companies of this country e.x. 'more than the appropriation fol' the current fiscal year. The ques tend over a distance of 30 and 40 miles. Under the present maxi tion ha.s been asked whether this is an ordinary increase. The mum they are not paid an exorbitant price, and yet on the great 'estimates have been kept down by the Department for the past trunk lines, where the concentration of the mails pass over the three years, to my certain knowledge, to the lowest-figure possible lines, the amount of money ·received for the transmission for under existing law. mail is to a great extent out of proportion to the amount paid fOl' Mr. MMHLLIN. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a the transmission of anything else in the country. The-railroad question right there? companies are compelled to pay for mail-messenger service; and. Mr. LOUD. Yes. the unjust criticism-! say unjust on the part of the great press Mr. McMILLIN. Whether there is any means by whicht by a of the countt·y-in condemning Congress and in condemning the . phange of the law, the gentleman thinks we might economtze i:p. Post-Office Committee for not regulating a,nd reducing. as they · ·this branch of the service. It is an exceedingly expensive branch say, to 1 cent a pound the payment for the carriage of mails-they of the service, to which no one will begrudge a proper appropria are discussing a question of which they know nothing whatever. tion, and yet it strikes me that it is very heavy. I can give you one illustration to show and to convince you why Mr. LOUD. J\.Ir. Chairman, there are a number of avenues by this body should never deal with railroad transportation. While which the expense in the Post-Office Department could be very I am willing to condemn, and do say that in some cases the maxi materially reduced. I think one of the g1·eatest abuses existing mum amount paid to-day is exorbitant, yet in others it is insuffi to-day would be corrected by the passage of the bill H. R. 4566, cient. The matter was strongly called to my attention a year ago which is now in the Senate. I believe that would put us on a pay on a little road running out 35 miles. They made a proposition ing basis and would lead to a comfortable surplus every year~ to the Post-Office to carry the mails up to the 1st of July, !898, at Mr. BELKNAP. Would that have any effect for the coming the rate of $1,000 a year. It was a new service to be established. fiscal year? · The Post-Office Department came back to the railroad company Mr. LOUD. If that bill had become a law, I think we should and said, "We will give you $650 a year to take up this mail serv have been ju.Stified in keeping the appropriation down below the ice." I carefully investigated the matter. That railroad com amount carried in the bill for the coming year. I think we should pany was compelled to pay for mail-messenger service, and the have been amply justified in cutting off, in round numbers, be mail-messenger service, as you understand, is for messengers to tween $2,500,000 and $3,000,000 this year. Of course, the benefits of carry the mails within a distance of a quarter of a mile from the bill to which I have referred will not be fully felt for some time. where it is received to where it has to be delivered. Mr. BELKNAP. Not for over a year. .This service of mail messengers in the case of that company, a Mr. LOUD. Probably not for four or five years. We could road over 35 miles, amounted to$450 a year; so that it would leave not reap the full benefit from transportation on railroad lines but $200 for the carriage of the mails. So you may see the power until the reweighings had taken place. is vested where it properly belongs, in the executive officers of .1\lr. BELKNAP. That is just the point that I am trying to our Government, just the same as the executive officer of any cor bring out, because I understand that these weighings last for poration is the party to deal with questions of like character in three years. detail. No board of directors of a corporation could arrange the Mr. LOUD. Four years. details of all matters that are connected with its business. They Mr. BELKNAP. Therefore we should derive no benefit from can not do it. It must emanate from the mind of one person. I ·the passage of the bill during the coming fiscal year. had hoped, Mr. Chairman, that the time would come when we Mr. LOUD. We should have derived the benefit of the weigh would have a Postmaster-General who would take up this question ing in one-fourth of the country, and we should derive the benefit and deal with it, and I believe we have one now who would do it if eac.h year that these weighings occurred. Until we had com the time before him were sufficiently long-so I will put the propo pleted its circuit of t>he country, I do not suppose that we could sition this way: I hope the time may come when we shall have a have cut down the pr~ent force of the Post-Office. I do not sup chief executive officer of the Post-Office Department competent po ~;~ e that we could hav~ cut off any of the railway mail clerks~ I and strong enough to deal with this question in an intelligent do not suppose it would be possible to cut off any of the letter car manner. I am not what is termed a radical antirailroad or anti riers. Yet, if that bill became law, the present force employed in corporation man. I believe in doing justice to every interest, the Post-Office Department would be amply sufficient to meet the whether individual or corporate. I do not desire to inflict injus legitimate growth of that Department for the next five or six tice upon any company or corporation in this country, but this years. question of pay for railroad transportation can only be justly Mr. McMILLIN. What saving does the gentleman estimate settled b7. an executive officer, and he now has the power to would ultimately grow from that branch when it should have regulate 1t. reached four years of weighing? Mr. QUIGG. Will the gentleman say whether he thinks that Mr. LOUD. I have said before, Mr. Chairman, $10,000,000. I · the present scheme of payment is the proper one? suppose that is a conservative estimate. I am satisfied that it ·Mr. LOUD. I will say, Mr. Chairman, in good faith, that I do would ultimately save us $15,000,000 a year. I am satisfied that not believe that Congress can wisely go beyond the point of the country does not at present even-neither does this House simply firing a maximum limit, as it has done. - anticipate the enormity of what I will term an offense. This Gov Mr. QUIGG. Neither do I. ernment to-day is subsidizing printed ma.tter-I will not say the Mr. LOUD. · And the power to apportion the pay of the rail press, but is subsidizing printed matter to the extent of nearly road companies, that is, to pay so much to this road and so much $50,000,000 a year. This Government loses each year on the trans to another and so-much to a third, can only be justly or intelli mission and handling of second-class matter nearly S50,000,000 a gently lodged where it is now, and I want the responsibility ar. Quite a respectable subsidy, if gentlemen will stop to con placed upon the Postmaster-General, where it properly belongs. ' mplate~$50,000,000 that has to come from the great mass of Mr. QUIGG. If the gentleman will permit me, I want to say 't he American people to support the Post-Office Department. that I agree with him that the existing law enables the Postmaster I think, Mr. Chairman, that the question of railroad transpor General to make the reform which the gentleman pleads for,. if he tation has grown to such an enormous proportion that the day is will just go ahead and do it. Is not that so? In other words, if I not far dis4tnt when this body will be compelled to take some understand the gentleman-and that is what I want to agre~ tion. Twice or three times since I have been a member of this with-no new legislation is necessary on this subject of railroad ouse an effort has been made to reduce the mail pay, and yet pay to enable the Postmaster-General to make a much cheaper .! his Hous~ from year to year has given the railroad companies an arrangement than that which now exists? • v· . 174~ CONGRE8SIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY· 11, Mr. LOUD. There is nothing in the law to prevent it; and I Mr. TERRY. I simply want to find out about the matter. believe the intent of Congress was to lodge this power in an execu Mr. LOUD. The press of the country is discussing this question tive officer, where it should be lodged; but, Mr. Chairman, it is a from a radical standpoint, and I have seen an article in one of the question whether there is a man strong enough in this country to leading journals of the country saying that as milk is brought into successfully carry out a reform of this character. Jersey City at so much per ton, the writer can not understand why Mr. QIDGG. That is the only question. . the r:ailroad companies can not bring in mail matter just as cheaply. Mr. LOUD. If the strongest man in the country was Postmas Why, sir, in the transmission of the mails you can not carry over ter-General, and he should attempt to inaugural;e these reforms 5 tons with safety in a car. It is bulky matter. Let me say fur and to pay for the service only what is just and equitable, we ther that the Government is entitled to space in a car up to 30 feet would probably see the great press of the country up in arms, point without paying anything outside of the weight of the mail matter; ing out to the people that we had a . Postmaster-General who was and in many instances a car is occupied to the extent of 20 or 30 seeking to disorganize the great and beneticent postal service that feet without transporting day after day as much as 500 pounds of we now enjoy. But in that connection let me call attention to mail. one thought. We have upon the statute book a provision of law Mr. TERRY. Leaving out of consideration the m atter of the that the land-grant railroads carrying the mails shall be paid only milk cans, and confining ourselves to other freight transported in 80 per cent of the amount paid to other railroads. That may have packages similar to mail matter, are not the railroads charging been in its inception a just provision, although I believe this Gov nearly twice as much for carrying the mails as they are charging ernment gave those railroad companies flat out the land grants for matter in some respects similar to mail matter? conveyed to them, and we all know that the Government charged Mr. LOUD. Possibly that is true. I am sorry the gentleman for the remaining sections $2.50 an acre, so that it received just was not here when I went over that question. Yet he will ascer as much money as though it had retained and sold the whole of tain by looking at the rates paid that the rates vary-so much for the land at the lower price. But here is the thought that I want 200 pounds, so much for 500 pounds, so much for 1,000 pounds, so to present to this House. I am powerless to remedy any evil that much for 2,000 pounds, so much for 5,000 pounds, and so for th. may exist in this matter, but I think Congress should be in pos And permit me to say that we are now paying on these land-grant session of the facts. railroads only S17.25 per ton for 365 miles of mail transportation The total amount paid for the transportation of the mails by where the amount i::; more than 5,000 pounds per day. So that raih:oads in eighteen years is $808,2i32,193.89. The total amount the matter to which the gentleman refers is not so enormous as paid for mail transportation on land-grant railroads and by land some people suppose. grant portions of roads during the same period is $30,648,572.99. :Mr. TERRY. Even at the 80 per cent rate which is now paid The t otal amount paid for the transportation of the mails by the to the land-grant roads, it would appear from the remarks of the nonaided companies for the same period is, in round numbers, gentlemnn from California and the gentleman from l\Iississippi $277,000,000. The land-grant r ailroad companies would have re that this business is so profitable that the roads are now getting ceived, had they been paid the u sual rates paid to other railroads, for this service about twice as much from the Government as they ~8 , 355,000. Now, the point I make is thilJ: These railroads have ought to receive. paid back to the Government, under this law, in eightetm years, Mr. LOUD. Mr. Chairman, I think that all the railroads of nearly 9,000,000. They have suffered this deduction year after this country should to-day be put upon the same basis. I believe year to the extent of nearly $9,000,000. that the land-grant roads have now paid for their land. But I These roads are for the most part not the best paying routes in think that every railroad in this country to-day ·can well afford to this country. They are not the lines upon which and over which carry the mails at the same rate of compensation made to the· land go the great concentrations of mail m atter. Yet, let me say to grant roads. this House, in perfect candor, that even with that 20 per cent Mr. WILLIAMS. Why not, then, put in this bill an amend reduction which these land-grant railroad companies now suffer, ment to that effect? the transportation of the mails is found to be so profitable that Mr. LOUD. The gentleman from Mississippi asks me why not they seek it, and in order t{) get concentrations of mail they put insert in the bill an amendment to that effect. Sir, it h as been on exclusive fast mail trains, which run through almost the entire stated on this floor that the chairman of the Post-Office Commit West. Now, if this class of railroad companies in the West are tee never consults the committee about any of its actions; yet satisfied with 80 per cent of the price that is at present paid to there are times, Mr. Chai1-man, when even the chairman of the railroad companies in the East, would it not seem r easonable at Post-Office Committee can not do as he desires. Let m e say fur least that the time has arrived when all railroads should be brought ther to the gentleman from Mississippi that such an amendment down to" that basis? And.let me say, in connection with the sug as he suggests could only go upon this appropriation bHl by the gestion made by the gentleman from Tennessee, that if the roads unanimous consent of this body, because it would be a change of other than land-grant roads were paid the same rate now paid to existing law. And two or three times, perhaps, since the gentle land-grant roads, we would make a net saving of from $5,000,000 man from Mississippi has been a member here has he seen this to $6,000,000 a year in the transportation of our mails. question brought to a vote in the House upon a reduction of 5 per 1\fr. KYLE. Will the gentleman yield for a suggestion? cent, and has seen the proposition defeated. And it is a question Mr. LOUD. Certainly. and an eminently practical question, too-whether w e can get Mr. KYLE. Is it not a fact that these land-grant railroads, unanimous consent to put an amendment of that character on the which receive 20 per cent less compensation than the other roads, bill. I would like to see some gentleman try it. get a much less tonnage of mail matter for transportation than Mr. WILLIAMS. I will try it. . those roads receiving the full rate? Mr. BARTLETT of New York. Will the gentleman from Cali Mr. LOUD. Oh, yes; I think I so stated. The best roads, of fornia allow an interruption? course-the roads on which there is the greatest concentration of Mr. LOUD. Certainly. mail matter-are in the East. It is these roads which carry the Mr. BARTLETT of New York. Is the distinguished gentleman foreign mails from New York City and distribute it westward. from California of the opinion that the r ailroads of this country The land-grant roads, as gentlemen are aware, are of course west are unduly prosperous in the present condition of things? Does of Chicago, and when the mail gets to that section of the country, he think that they are making too much money? it of course begins to decrease. Mr. LOUD. I do not think so. I will say emphatically, no, in Now, Mr. Chairman, unless some gentleman desires to ask me answer to the gentleman from New York, for I desire to do no some further questions, I will yield the floor, reserving the bal injustice to any railway company in any part of the country. ance of my time. Mr. BARTLETT of New York. Does the gentleman think we Mr. TERRY. I should like to ask the gentleman a question. have the power to force the companies to take any terms that we I did not have the pleasure of hearing his entire remarks. may choose to prescribe? Mr. LOUD. The gentleman does not know how much he lost. · Mr. LOUD. Well, I will not answer that question. It is unnec Mr. TERRY. Doubtless I have lost a great deal. essary at this time. I think, if the gentleman will permit me, if · Mr. LOUD. The gentleman can, however, read my remarks in the Eastern 1·oads were offered the same amount that is paid to the RECORD. the land-grant railroads·, that rather than lose the Government Mr. TERRY. I desire to ask whether there has been provided service on the roads they would accept the offer; I do not think in this bill any machinery by which the Government may get we would have to force them. I think if you call it force at all lower rates from the railroad companies for transportation of the it would be a kind of force with their consent. . mails than it is now getting. .Are not the railroad companies - Mr. BARTLETT.of New York. : You think, then, that, being a now charging the Government generally twice as much for car quasi public corporation, we can force any terms upon them that rying mail matter as is charged by them for carrying freight or we may see proper to offer? · express matter? · Mr. WILLIAMS. We might offer them terms that they will Mr. 'LOUD. Let me say ~o the gentleman that there is in jus be glad to take. · · _tice no.comparison between the ~transportation of freight or even Mr. BARTLETT of New York. What answer has the gentle eXpress matter, if you please, ~nd the transportation of mail mat man from· California to make to that suggestion? ter. Let us be conservative on -this question, but let us be just. Mr. LOUD. That is entirely foreign . to the question pending. 1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1749 ' I do not see, as I have said before, that it is necessary to answer Mr. PEARSON. I do not wish to seem impertinent, but does now. - not the gentleman from Ohio recognize the fact· that the appro· Mr. DOCKERY. Will the gentleman from California state the priation, or its expenditure, depends solely upon the discretion of amount the bill carries for the mail service on railroads? the Postmaster-General? It is in the bill in that form. Mr. LOUD. Twenty-nine million dollars in round numbers. Mr. BRO~iWELL. I understand that. But, as the gentleman The amount asked for was $30,200,000, which we reduced, as it has from California [Mr. LouD], the chairman of the Committee on been the custom of Congress heretofore. When we first took up the Post-Office and Post-Roads, said a while ago, the strongest man the bill we found a deficiency of $2,000,000. We have it now in the United States as Postmaster-General would probably not within $1,200,000 of the estimates. resist the pressure brought to bear upon him to continue the Mr. DOCKERY. I onlywish to suggest tothegentlemanfrom expenditure of the money· as long as Congress sees fit to provide New York [Mr. BARTLETT] that perhaps the lack of prosperity to it. It is left nominally as discretionary with the Postmaster be found in railway circles does not arise altogether from the in General; but when year after year Congress puts into the appro sufficient compensation offered by the United States Government priation bill this sum of $196,000, to be given as a free gift over for carrying its mails. and above the amount that is paid to the other railroads for the Mr. BARTLETT of New York. That is entirely possible. work performed, and the Postmaster-General may spend the money Mr. DOCKERY. It is probably true; and therefore it is hardly if he desires or thinks proper, the strongest man in the position of necessary for the gentleman from New York to exercise himself Postmaster-General would probably yield to the pressure brought unduly on this phase of the railroad question. to bear upon him and expend the money, as they have been doing Mr. LOUD. Mr. Chairman, if there is no further question with for the past fifteen or twenty years, for this service. reference to the bill, I will reserve the balance of the time. The Now, the place to stop the abuse is in this House by cutting off gentleman from Ohio [Mr. BROMWELL] desires to be heard on this appropriation, so that the option shall not be left to the Post some points in connection with this bill. master-General and this pressure be brought to bear upon him, Mr. BROMWELL. Mr. Chairman, as a member of the Com stronger than he can stand. mittee on the Post-Office and P ost-Roads. I regret to state that Now, let us see what the fa-cts are. This particular subsidy was there are certain provisions in the bill that I can not indorse. I originally granted for the purpose of expediting the delivery of refer more particulatly to that provision of the bill which pro the mails between New York and the Island of Cuba or other for vides for a continuation of the subsidy which has been granted eign countries. The line that was selected started at Bo8ton, year after year to the lines of railroad from New York City, origi Mass., and went-by way of Springfield, through New York, Phila nally to Tampa, Fla., and afterwards changed to New Orleans. delphia, Baltimore, Washington, and other points along the sea· I am satisfied that a large proportion of the membership of the board, and terminated at Tampa, Fla. The object was to deliver House does not understand the conditions under which that sub the mail at Tampa, Fla., by rail more quickly than it could be de sidy is granted. I am satisfied that many members of this body livered by vessel. Thus, having the mail made up at Tampa and are of the opinion that this subsidy is the total amount that is shipped by vessel to Cuba. many hours of time would be saved given to these railro-1ds for the transportation of the mails on between New York and other Northern points and that island. these particular roads, and that gentlemen do not understand But several years ago sufficient influence was brought to bear fully that it is actually an addition to the regular transportation upon this House to divert this subsidy from its original purpose. to rate paid to these companies. the same as to the other railroads, take it away from a fast-mail service to the Island of Cuba, South for the carriage of this mail by weight and for the rental of the America, and other points, and divert it to the benefit of the Gulf postal cars in which the service is transacted. States by changing its course from Tampa, Fla., as a terminus to On page 35 of the report of the Postmaster-General for this New Orleans, La. The amount appropriated was somethingover year, referring to this subjeqt of special facilities on railroads $196,000. and I want to state that there is only one special-facility line in On page 36 of the report of the Postmaster-General for this the United ~tates, only one that receives any subsidy at the pres year is an itemized statement showing how this money has been ent time-he says: expended. I propose to read that stat.ement in order that it may There has been a difference of opinion as to the necessity for making this appear in the RECORD for the guidance of those who will vote on appropriation; but inasmuch as Congress ha.a seen proper to follow the action the amendment striking out this item, which I shall offer to-mor of former Congresses, the Department, while not recommending ~he appro priation, has thO\Ight it advisable to apply the funds for the purpose mdicated. row to this bill. It is as follows: Pay for Pay for No. of Name of railroad company. Subsidy railway Total paid. route. Termini. allowance. postal t~~J>~~ta- IMil~ cars. weighings. -----1------r------i 109()()4, New York to Philadelphia.------·------_ Pennsylvania.. ------90.65 $11,331. 25 $58,272.50 $285, 686.19 $355,289.~ 113001 Philadelphia to Washington ______Philadelphia, Wilming-'"u<>n and Baltimore---- 137. 53 17,191.~ 27,506.00 2=~,587.0i 283, 2il4. 29 173.13 21,755.00 25,9"27.50 120,938.23 168,620.73 65.52 8,217.50 9, 786.00 39,437.79 57,44-1.29 14-2.29 17,850.00 21,300.00 82,363.14 121,1>13.14: lli121001 Charlotter~~r~n~t!rt¥~~!~~~~~~=~~~=~~===~ to Atlanta.------·------.....~~~~~i~~~~~:======~======do ______------267.71 33,463.75 26,719.00 124,239.72 184,472. 47 121000 Atlanta to West Point ...... ------·------Atlanta and WestPoint ______------86. 3"2 10,790. ()() 6,896.00 28,635.79 46,321. 7~ 1~1 West Point to Montgome_ry ______----- _____ W estern Railwa_y of Alabama.------86.40 10,800.00 6,850.40 27,775.87 45,~. 27 124012 Montgomery to New Orleans.----·--··----- Louisville and Nashville ______------·------318.72 39,840.00 23,360.85 89,993.05 153,193.90 ----- 1, 368. 27 1 171,238. 75 206,618.25 1,037, 706.82 1,415,563.82 * Total compensation to Southern Railway, $532,047.63. Average per mile to above lines, nearly $1,035 per year. Now, Mr. Chairman, I find that some points-- ules so as to connect with other railroads in the system, in order Mr. CRISP. I just want to ask the gentleman if he did not to fa-cilitate the transmission of these mails; and these roads advocate last year a subsidy to facilitate fast mails to Cincinnati? thought that would injure their passenger traffic, and declined to _Mr. BROMWELL. I am coming to that, and will show you accept this arrangement, because it did give the Government the that I am entirely consistent. right to fix their schedules. Mr. SIMPKINS. May I ask the gentleman if this includes any Mr. BROMWELL. Now I desire to have mv own time. - payment to any of the lines from Boston, Mass., to New York? Mr. SIMPKINS. Mayiaskthegentlemanonefurtherquestion? Mr. BROM,VELL. Yes; it commences at line 21 on page6 of Mr. BROMWELL. Certainly. the bill. Mr. SIMPKINS. I would like to ask the gentleman if the mail Mr. SIMPKINS. What amount is paid by the Government facilities are not as good from Boston to New York at present, by under this appropriation for mails from Boston to New York, and the companies that will not come into this agreement, as they were by what line of railroad is it now carried? in past years when they were parties to the agreement? Mr. BROMWELL. I will say to the gentleman that the lines Mr. BROMWELL. I understand they are fully-as good, if not running from Boston to New York have declined to come in under better, and also that they are fully as good. if not better, than any the subsidy arrangement, and while over $196,000 is appropriated, mail facilities offered by these subsidized lines. as a matter of fact $171,000 is used, and no part of it is used be- Mr. SWANSON. I would like to say to the gentleman-- tween the city of Boston and the city of New York. Mr. BROMWELL. The gentleman is a member of the commit- Mr. SETTLE. I will inform the gentleman from Massachu- tee and will have his own time. I do not care to yield for an , setts that the reason, I understand, why the roads from Boston to: argument, but I will answer a question. New York have declined to come into this arrangement and · Mr. Chairman, I_want to impress upon this House the fact that accept any part of this subsidy is that before·doing so they must these companies are paid the regular rates for transporting this concede to the Post-Office Department the right to fix their sched- mail that every railroad in the United States is paid. The weights! I I CONGRESSIONAL: -REUORD-HOUSE.- FEBRUARY 11 2 1750f are fixed by law, and, as the chairman has said, usnally the utmost ·show b;r the very statistics which the gentleman himself has read maximum rate is allowed. These railroad companies- get that that this provision of the bill is just and fair. He has endeavored Jn:a;ximnm. rate for transporting the weight they carry. In addi- to leave an impression upon the House that this is paying for tion to that they are allowed compensation for the ~ar space of services that are not rendered. What is the provision? It is this: the postal cars that they furnish, and they are paid full rates For necessary and special facilities on trunk lines from Boston, ~!ass. by for them. In addition to all that they get this one hundred and way of New York and Washington, to Atlanta. and New Orleans, $100,otl.22. f3eventy-one thousand and odd dollars as a free gift from this Then comes this proviso, to which I call attention: Government. . Provided, That no part of the appropriation made by this paragraph shall Now, just why these particular lines of road should be subSI- be expended unless the Postmaster-General shall deem such expenditure dized to the exclusion of every other road in the country is one of necessary in order to promote the interest of the postal service. those things that I for one can not understand. The gentleman Now, let us see whether this is necessary. Let us see whether from Georgia rMr. CRISP] asked me whether I did not la.st year, the Government is getting proper returns for the expenditure of in an argument on the appropri.::1.tion bill, support an amendment this money. Remember that this line extends from Boston to looking to subsidize other lines. I will say to the gentleman that New York, from New York to Washington, from Washington to I stan-d to-day just where I did then. I am in favor of facilitating Atlanta and from Atlanta to New Orleans. The gentleman's ob the carrying of mails by all proper methods, and if necessary I am jection to this provision is simply that these railroads are already in favor of subsidizing railroads for the purpose of giving special paid so much per pound for carrying the mail.Br That is true, and trains for that pm·pose; but I am not in favor of subsidizing th1·ee the returns of the Department and the statistics show that more or four lines of railroad on the pretense of carrying fast mails mail matter goes over these lines than over any other lines in the through one section of the country, and then, when an attempt is United States. In other words, there is more mail matter passing made to equaliz6' things by giving the same facilities over another from Boston to New York, from New York to Washin~ton, from line of country, to be me't by gentlemen on the floor, when an Washington to Atlanta, and from Atlanta to- New Orleans than amendment is offered, with the statement that this is new legis- passes over any other line of railroad in the country, and there lation which can not come into an appropriation bill. fore it follows that that is the most important trunk line of rail- Mr. GARDNER. I would like to ask the gentleman if, during road in the United States. The statistics which the gentleman his service as a member of Congress he has ever introduced a bill himself presents prove that fact. It is a vast pipe from which the or made any other effort to get a provision for the facilities he mail lines of all the other States are fed like the m1rin pipe of a desires except his attempt to ing.raft it on an appropriation bill water system. contrary to present rules? :Mr. BROMWELL. Will the gentleman permit a question? Mr. BROMWELL. That might be avery goodquestionto·put Mr. SWANSON. Yes, sir. if this were the beginning of a new Congress. made up entirely of Mr. BROMWELL. I merely wanted to ask the gentleman new members; but in this House, in the closing days of its closing whether, if this is such a great trunk line, the New York Central session, when it is composed of many members who have been and the lines running in connection with it from New Yo.rk to here many years longer than I have, I want to say from my short Chicago should not, on the same argument, be subsidized? experience of this House that it would be utterly and absolutely Mr. SWANSO~. l do not know the conditions there, but I futile to undertake to introduce a single- bill to accorp.plish any show you the conditions.which make it. necessary and which have such purpose, and the gentleman knows it who asks the question. fo.r seventeen years past made it necessary on this main line, and The only way in which these subsidies could be put upon their every Postmaster-General has used this discretion-for it is only passage in this House would be by ingrafting them upon appro- discretion that we give the Postmaster-General by this p:uovision. priation bills. I p1·ove it by the very objections which the gentleman urges. He That is the way this subsidy got on, not as a separate act, but says we do not app.ropri.ate money for the service from Boston to as a rider on an appropriation bill, and once on, it is like the Old New York. Why? Because, as the Postmaster-General says, the ;M:an of the Sea-it hangs on forever and: forever. Not only that, railroad from Boston to New York would not make proper ar but those who are interested in having it hold on are the most rangement with the Department so as to facilitate the transportar alert to see that it has no rivals_ in its line and that nothing else tion of the mails at the expense of the pas senger traffic; and as gets on that would interfere with its staying. Last year it was the Postmaster-General could not secure any additional facilities, proposed by an amendment on an appropriation bill to give these· any additional services from Boston to Now York, he did not use special fast-mail facilities to other sections of the country. Ge~- the $24,000 which the law allowed him to use if such facilities tlemen from illinois introduced bills looking to provide fast mail could be obtained. trains out of Chkago. Other gentlemen had an amendment pro- But when we reach New York, what are the conditions with viding for fast mail facilities from Kansas City. I offered an which we are confronted? In order to make proper connections amendment providing fo1· fast-mail facilities from the city of Cin- here in Washington, it is necessary that the train shall leave New cinnati eastward and westward. Every one of those pror>ositions York at 4 o'clock in the morning. The Department has alwaya went out on a point of order; propeTly, I think, so far as the law had difficulty in securing a train which would leave New York at was concerned; unjustly, so far as the merits were concerned. that hour and make the Southern connection here at Washington. Now, when it comes to the question of subsidizing an American When no arrangements were made for that train ·leaving New line of steamships to carry American mail, and AmeTican passen- York at 4 o'clock in the morning, all the mail' from Boston and gers and American freight to and from foreign cotmtries, I be- other Northern points and from the different parts of N~w York lieve in being as liberal as this Government can afford to be. Statea-ccnmulatedinNewYorkCityandwaitedtherequiteawhile When it comes to subsidizing lines of railroad in this country to before it could be started Southward. obtain the facilities that are necessary to our business inteFests, I The Atlantic Coast Line undertook to perform this extra serv }:lelieve in being as liberal to them as we can be in justice :to other ice for years. Their train left New York at 4 o'clock in the morn interests. But this is nota questionof the general policy of Go~- ing, connected here at Washington, and the mail went on to the ernment subsidies. '£his is a question whether we shall grant a South. But that line found that it was losing more on its pas special favor, a particular subsidy, to this one series or set of con- senger traffic than it was .making by the extra compensation it necting railroads for a service that is no better rendered than the received from the Government. A gentleman on the other side service on other roads running through sections just as important has alluded to the fact that this mail service was fol'merly done as that through whlch these roads run. I will insertin my printed over the Atlantic Coast Line. Why? Because that line agreed remarks the table which I have read; and! give notice that when with the Govemment to start a fast train from New York City at the reading of the bill ha.s progressed to line 21 on page 6 I shall 4 o'clock in the morning, loaded with nothino- but mail matter. move to s-tTike out all of that paragraph relating to special facili- That train, arriving here at Washington, ma~ connection with ties. I also give notice that I shall move to strike out the para- the Southern line, carrying the mail to Texas, Tampa, Mexico7 and graph on page 8 beginning with line 12 and ending with line 16, Cuba. But that line found its bargain with the Government un tmless the Chair shall rule that it goes out on a point· of order, profitable. It lost more on its passenger traffic by having its train which I shall raise when the proper time comes. leave at 4 o'clock in the moming than it could make by doing this I reserve the balance of my time. extra service for the Government. So that line refused to renew Mr. SWANSON. Mr. Chairman, I desire to state clearly, so its agreement with the Post-Offi.ce Department. No member of that the House m ay understand it exactly, the position which the this House, if he were in New York City, would. be willing to get gentleman [Mr. BROMWELL] occupies and the reasons that ani- up early in the morning and go across the ferry to take a 4 o'clock mate him in opposing this provision. I take the gentleman's own train at Jersey City. A train which leaves at 11 o'clock in the :remarks, from which it seems to be clear and conelusive that this morning can secure the patrona-ge of passengers, but not one leav appropriation i just, fair, and reasonable. The gentleman has ing so early as 4 o clock in the· morning. So the Atlantic Coast 'shown that he is not opposed to· this extra compensation in gen- Line changed its train from 4 o'clock in the morning to 11 o'clock eral. He has told you that last year he had offered an amend- in the morning and refused to take this compensation. So the ment to facilitate the fast mail from Cincinnati (to the South, I appropriation was not used. think he said), but that it went out on a point of order. I think Then there. followed a complete -derangement of all the maiL p.t that time the gentleman favored t~is provision, provided he connections.of the·South-ern people with New Yo~k; with ~ostoDT ,Could get his amendment upon the.. bill. Now., I am going to and. th.&·enfue:Nort1L Chambers ef. commerce m the different: 1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~HOUSE. 175l cities met and requested that the mail connections which had here granted. If you had letters written in New York on Mon,, been enjoyed be restored. So the Southern Railroad agreed to day, and this road had to carry it out on Wednesda~1 they would put on a train which would restore the mail facilities from the get just as much for carrying it on Wednesday as tney would if N.orth as they had existed. Having a train starting from New they carried it on Monday morning immediately after it was writ York at 11 o'clock in the morning with Southern connections, ten. This provision simply pays a small extra compensation, if they agreed with the Post-Office Department that if this compen the Postmaster-General thinks advisable, to hurry up and deliver sation were given them they would start a tr&in from New York earlier these letters. at 4 o'clock in the morning and make with it all outhern connec Upon the other lines of road alluded to by the gentleman, they tions. The Southern Railroad agreed to make the arrangement, fix their schedule for the purpose of suiting the convenience of which the Atlantic Coast Line had refused· to make because it was passengers and for the accommodation of that train and not to unprofitable. The Southern people had been disturbed in all their facilitate mail. But they can not aJ?ply that rule in the running mail connections with the North. The Richmond and Danville of tills particular mail train. In this matter the Department is road, or the Southern system, agreed to do this service only when sues its orders as to the time of departure. It says, " In view of it became evident that t he withdrawal of the service would oper the importance of conducting this mail service from New York ate as a complete derangement of mail matters in the South. to New Orleans without delay, we do not propose to allow you to Under this arrangement the train which formerly left New York fix your own schedule to suit your passenger traffic, but you at 11 o'clock in the morning leaves at 4 o'clock in the morning; must give it up for the purpose of facilitating the mail service." it leaves frequently without passengers and carries nothing but For this small extra compensation this privilege is granted. mail matter. This railroad company says to the Department, Take, for instance, the fast mail train now running from Wash '' If we surrender our train practically to the use of the Post ington_ to Danville. They have but two places, I think it is, from Office Department, if we give you the privilege of fixing our sched Danville to Washington-that is, at Charlottesville and at Lynch ule, of determining at what points we shall stop and when we burg-where they can stop. They can not take up passengers at shall leave-between New York and New Orleans-we can not any other point anywhere between these stations. They are surrender in this way our passenger train without fair compensa anxious to do it if permitted, but the Department says, "No; if tion." you do not run this train for the purpose of facilitating the mail Let me say here, in addition, that if this company should at any andnotto accommodate passengers, we will not give this extracom time fail to make connection at Washlngton or Atlanta or New pensation to you; we will withhold it from you;" and so they re Orleans, then it does not receive a cent for that trip. In order to quire of the road a schedule in which they can take no passengers entitle it to compensation, it is compelled to make a complete con at all between Washington and Danville except at these two nect ion between New York and New Orleans. places. And, Mr. Chairman, it is the same for the entire train on This railroad renders this service for the small sum of about its route from New York to New Orleans. They are compelled to $170,000. It runs a fast mail from New York to New Orleans. put this entire system at the disposal of the Government and make It permits the Government to control its schedule. It agrees to all of the schedules, their times of departure, and where they shal~ start its train from New York at 4 o'clock in the morning without stop, to suit the Government requirements, and all for the small passengers, instead of starting a train at 11 o'clock. If it should. sum of $171,000 a year. start at 11 a.m., at that hour it would miss the connection at Now, is that too much? I will take the remarks of the gentle Washington; for, mark you, unless the train leaves New York man from Ohio himself to prove that it is not. Why, he has at 4 o'clock in the morning it makes no connection at Washington. just stated that the Atlantic Coast Line had the contract at one Why? The Southern Railroad formerly had its train leave Wash time, and it decided that it lost more than it made from the con ington at 8 o'clock, caiTying passengers n·om this city to Lynch tract and gave it up. The entire mail matter was then transferred burg and various points in the South. To render the service to this other line. I could not get a newspaper the day it was required by this bill, it was obliged to put on an additional train. published in New York until after this facility was accorded. It still continues the 8 o'clock train. In order to make the con When the Southern Railroad took up the contract and complied nection with the New York train, it is obliged to put on another with the regulations of the Department as to these special facilities, train, leaving at 11 o'clock, in order to can-y this vast reservoir of then the New York mail to all my section of the country came mail to which the gentleman from Ohio has just alluded. ·the same day that it was mailed. Mr. BROMWELL. The mails are made up in New York before Now, Mr. Chairman, the question to be determined is this: Is midnight, are they not? the amount of mail carried on this road and facilitated sufficient Mr. SWANSON. I presume they are-some of them. The to pay for the small sum of money that is given to the company mail collected in New York City might be. But the1·e are trains for running this train? I say that it is. I say that the service coming from Boston. as appears . by the schedule-trains coming more than pays for itself. Here is a road that supplies mail to a from northern New York and other points. These mails come in vast section of this· country. There are some rontes in the West to at different hours. which we give a thousand dollars to furnish mail to a hundred or Mr. BROMWELL. May I finish my question? one hundred and fifty people. Yet here are fifteen or twenty Mr. SWANSON. Certainly. ::)tates, all of them vitally interested in special mail facilities, and 1\Ir. BROMWELL. The regular New York mail is made up, depending on this-small appropriation for continuing this service we will say, at midnight. Now, the gentleman says that the which has proved so useful to them. · The Southern and the Penn Southern train, taking that mail from Washington south, leaves sylvania railroads will go back, if the appropriation is not given, here at 11 o'clock in the morning. In other words, the New York to their fixed schedules, leaving New York at 11 o'clock in the mail, made up at midnight, does not leave the city of Washing mm'ning, and not at 4 o'clock, as they do now, and will take up ton until noon the next day. Is that the gentleman's idea of passengers, and will make more by starting at that hour than by "special mail facilities" or of fast-mail service? leaving at 4 o'clock in the morning, at such an untimely hour, Mr. SWANSON. No. But in New York the papers and mail when the passengers \vill not take the train. I have been told by that come into that city from 1 to 2 or 3 o'clock would have to people who travel on that train occasionally that frequently be stay in New York until 11 o'clock the next day before being tween New York and Philadelphia and Washington there is not a started on the Southern route if it were not for the special facili single passenger cai-ried. It is simply and absolutely a mail train. ties afforded by this particular mail train, and in order to accom But what other advantages do we get from this appropriation? modat e the Department the railroads have allowed this train to Connections are made at Tampa, Fla., with the steamer that car be run by the Department as a mail train rather than a passenger ries the mail to Cuba. Connections are made at New Orleans train. They receive little revenue on account of the passenger with the Texas mails. The first time that has been done is within service on that part of the line. the last two years, since this contract was given. This train con I submit to any man here who has any information or acquaint nects with the train for Houston, and going on down to Mexico, ance with railroad business; I ·submit this proposition to any thus making connection from New York to Mexico and Cuba. member here, and ask if he would con ent to give an entire line Mark another thing in this bill to which no objection is raised. an entire train from New York to New Orleans-to be controlled This bill carries from 81,000,000 to 82,000,000 to facilitate the car and run by the Post-Office Department itself, fixing its stopping rying of mails to foreign countries. You pay steamers so much places and the time of leaving, without receiving an appropriate per pound, just as you pay railroads; but then, in addition to that, compensation for yielding such a ervice? I take it for grant~d these steamers that go out-one of them, I believe, from San that there is not a man here who would agree to that. Francisco, where the chairman of this committee [Mr. LouD] This railroad could get about as much money without the ap lives-I think some of them get nearly a million dollars. propriatjon as they get with it. \Vhy? I will take the sugges ~h. LOUD. What is that? tions made by the gentleman from Ohio himself. He says that Mr. SWANSON. Steamers carrying. foreign mails, by the pro they pay 51,000,000 a year from New York to New Orleans for the visions .of this bill. purpose of carrying the mails. That amount is paid to the rail Mr. LOUD. No; I do not think they get anywhere near as much road companies by weight. Now, this company could get just as as that. The whole foreign service only costs about $1,500,000. much for carrying its portion of the mail by weight as it gets now ;M:r. SWANSON. A million and a half. p.nd it would make more on its passenger service than the amoll?li1 :Mr: PEARSON. I see on page 7 of the bill an.item of additional 1752 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY· 11, compensation to the Oceanic Steamship Company for transporting Mr. SWANSON. That is one reason. Will the gentleman be the mails by its steamers sailing from San Francisco to New Zea equally frank? land and New South Wales by way of Honolulu, and all mails Mr. BROMWELL. Certainly. made up in the United States destined for the Hawaiian Islands, Mr. SWANSON. Is not the reason why the gentleman objects the Australian colonies, New Caledonia, and the islands in the to this appropriation to be found in the fact that he can not get Pacific Ocean. another one for another part of the country? Mr. SWANSON. Why, these steamship people get paid by the Mr. BROMWELL. That is one reason. I will be perfectly pound, just as the railroads do, and .then for additional facilities frank with the gentleman. I object to this because I do not they get extra compensation, and S1,800,000 is given for such pur- believe in favoring one section of the country to the exclusion of poo~ . the rest of the United States. Now, everybody concedes that 95 per cent yearly of our business Mr. SWANSON. Well, then, let us come to that point. Now, is interstate business. That is, our traffic among ourselves is far the gentleman, as I understand, my good friend from Ohio [Mr. in excess of all our foreign trade, commerce, and business. The BROMWELL], objects to this because a rule of this House would trade ~rom New York to New Orleans is the most important, the not let him get in an appropriation for facilitating the mails from most immense, the most far-reaching of any trade which exists in his city to th.e South, because it' would be obnoxious to the rule this entire country. Yet when we seek to facilitate that which is in that it would be a change of the existing law. ·Then, I under more. I am sure, than all that is carried by these foreign steamers, stand you are not fighting it because it is wrong, but because you and for which they receive S1,800,000, the gentleman says that a can not get something of the same kind and character. little appropriation of $170,000to facilitate the carrying of the mails Mr. SIMPKINS. That does not apply to me nor to any remarks through fifteen States iB a useless and extravagant expenditure. I have made. · This item has been in this bill for seventeen years. The gentle Mr. SWANSON. Now, to my good friend from Massachusetts man from Ohio [Mr. BROMWELL] is mistaken in supposing that he is I will state that at one time it did facilitate the mail from Boston the first person to discover these facts about the amount of com to New York. p ensation, and perhaps to enlighten the House on this question. Mr. SIMPKINS. Are :you s.ccurate in that? Was it not for Why, for seventeen years before he was a member of the House this only one-half of the distance, and that several years ago? question has been considered, h as been presen~d to the Hous ~, lti r. SWANSON. It was for half, if not the whole; and I know has been argued, and the House has acted upon It, and has left It that this appr.opriation has been kept there to some extent, from discretionary to five Postmasters-General, I believe, and every what the gentleman may say, "because it might be obnoxious to one of them has used it, as a necessary and useful expenditure of the rule,'' and we are not willing to jeopardize the mails of fifteen public money from which a public benefit was received. . great States in their commerce and busine3s by making an altera Mr. SIMPKINS. I should like to ask the gen tleman from Vn· tion. ginia why he urges leaving in the bill the wording- ·Mr. SIMPKINS. I would like to ask the gentleman another On trunk lines from Boston, Mass., to New York- question. I do not wish to jeopardize the postal service of this count ry, but I would like to know who asks in behalf of the peo when none of the money is expended between Boston and New ple for this service. Has the Postmaster-General at any time ever York? asked for this appropriation? Mr. SWANSON. I will tell the gentleman why. l.Ir. SWANSON. The last two or three Postmasters-General Mr. SIMPKINS. And I should like to ask him another ques have not asked for it. But it has been left discretionary with the tion. Postmaster-General to say whether it facilitates mail or not. He Mr. SWANSON. All right; one at a time. can refuse to give it if he wishes. He can stop it to-morrow. He :M:r. SIMPKINS. Very well. can refuse to use it. We leave it to his discretion entirely and to . Mr. SWANSON. I will answer the gentleman's first question. his judgment to say whether this Government gets a quid pro quo We do that because sometimes the Department has been able to or not before he is justified in using it. 'fhe best proof that the make arrangements with railroads that would give extra facilita Postma,sters-General favor it and get benefits from it is the fact tion for the carrying of the mails-- that they have used it for seventeen years. Mr. SIMPKINS. Between Boston and New York? I reserve the remainder of my time; and, Mr. Chairman, I ask Mr. SWANSON. Between Boston and New York. t.o have incorporated in my remarks the schedule of these differ Mr. SIMPKINS. I should like to ask the gentleman when was ent trains, which will explain to any man who will read it that the last time that was done? this railroad does not get a cent of extra compensation for the Mr. SWANSON. Five or six years ago, I think. service it renders beyond what is reasonable and just. Mr. SIMPKINS. It is five or six years since it has been done? The CH~t\.IRMAN. The gentleman from Virginia asks unani Mr. SWANSON. I think so; and to show that this is not sim- mous consent to print certain tables with his remarks. Is there ply a gift of money to the railroads, I will state to the gentleman objection? (After a pause.] The Chair hears none. that the Department would give this money to the railroads be The schedules are as follows: tween Boston and New York if they could secure extra service for SOUTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY, so doing, but they do not now use it because they get no extra 0FFIOE OF GENEU.AL PASSENGER AGE NT, service. 1300 PEN NSYLV ANU. A VENUE, Washington , D. 0., February 10, 1891. Mr. 8IMPKINS. I should like to ask the gentleman if, in his SIR: Referring to your re9.uest, I beg leave to respectfully invite your opinion, it is a sensible thing to appropriate money which ~ not attention to the benefits resultmg to the public through· the establishment of used year after year? The gentleman acknowledges that It has the fast-mail service betweeu New York, Atlanta, and New Orleans, with special reference to that portion from Washington south, and the situation not been used for four years, and now I find in this bill, on page 8, under which the service is rendered. that it is necessary to add extra words, saying that- On January 1, 1893, the Richmond and Danville system, now the Southern Railway Company. maintained a train service that met the requirements of In the discretion of the Postmaster-General, any unexpended balance of its general business, and afforded a good mail service as an item of such gen· the appropriation for the f?.scal year ending June 30, 1897, for.nece~!'Y and eral business. The train service was as follows: special facilities on trnnk lines, may be used for other fast-mail facilities. Train No. 9left Washington at 8.30a. m ., arrived in Atlanta in twenty-three 'I want to ask the gentleman if, under cover of that provision, and a half hours, at 8 a. m. the next day_._ and had no connection whatever south of Montgomery. Train No.llleftWashington at 11 p. m .\ and was run something is not being appropriated, apparently for Massachusetts, at a slow rate of speed, without postal car to Lynchburg, and w1th postal car which is not so used, but which can be used for some other pur from Lynchburg to Atlanta, arriving at Atlanta1 at 10 p. m. the follo;ving day. Train No. 37, the Southwestern Vestibuled Limited, left New York-at 4.80 pose? p . m., Washington at 10.43p. m., and arrived at Atlanta at 3.55 p.m., Mont Mr. SWANSON. !will answerthegentleman fairly. It is evi gomery at 9 . ~ p.m., and N ew Orleans 7.25 a.m. This, in brief, was the situ- dently shown that nothing has been lost by the appropriation, ation in the early months of 1893. . because no money has been drawn. No money has gone into the Congress, desiring to meet the _postal needs of the greatest States of the South and dependent regions, made ap]>ropriation, effective from July 1.1893J pockets of anybody who did not have a right to it, so no evil has for a special mail service from New York and Washington to Atlanta ana resulted from the language which the gentleman complains of. I New Orleans and the great country and large population of the States of should like to have the gentleman point out where any evil has Texas and Arizona, and beyond. The advantages to be reaped from the closer mail connections between the greatest commercial metropolis of the East resulted. Now, this language is kept there for the reason that if and the principal centers of business and population of the South are so matters should so shape themselves as to make it necessary to use obvious to all that comment thereon would be out of place. . that extra pay for the running of trains between Boston and New · The Richmond and Danville system, now the Southern Railway Company, and its connections,-appreciating the purpose of Congress, and desiring to York, it could be so used. contribute as much as possible to the IP'eat contemplated postal improve· Mr. BROMWELL. I know the gentleman desires to be per ments, heartily cooperated by establishing a specia.l'fa.st mail between New fectly sincere and candid with this House. York and New Orleans, beginning May 14,1893. The fast-mail train, No. ~.t left New York i.OO a.m., Washington 11.01 a.. m., arriving in Atlanta at 5.HU Mr. SWANSON. I do. a.m. the following day. This train received at New York a Boston connection Mr. BROMWELL. Isitnotafactthatthatparticularlanguage that left that city at 7.30 p.m., after the arrival of an· post-uffice rail lines is used and continued year after year because the gentlema~ is from all parts of New England, and left New York with a very large mail afraid that if it is left out, and this section provides for a. line for the Southern States. It gathered in the mail from Philadelphia, Ba.lti· more, rail post-office lines arrivin~ at that point, and WashingtonJ and deliv starting from New York, it will be subject to a; point of order and ered it throughout the South farm advance of all former schedrues. the whole thing will go out? The Richmond and Danville l!lystem, now the Southern Rail way Compan7t . 1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. i753 arranged the schedules of its auxiliary lines, and put a1;1 extra train between To be more explicit, and point out specially the advantages of the service Charlotte anq ColulDbia., by wbich mall was delivered at Columbia ~t 1.35 in comirison w1th that given in 1893, I will give you briefly the number of a.m., Sa.vannab.at4,.30a. m.,Ja.ckson'Villea.t 9.30a. m., beil:J.gtwenty-ninehours hours t e mails have been facilitated: from New Yor}f:, which was the &hortest t~e ever ma.d~ between these two The ew York letter and pa~er ma.il the Boston and New England rna~ points. The f\.,l'riVlJ.l in Jackaonvil1e was in timEt for distrlbutien to the whole the central and western New ork and Pennsylvania mail which left New State of Plorida. Thi, s was the situation until, N~wber, 1894, at which time York at 4:.30 a.m. in 1893 rea.c ed Washington after the departure of thq the Southl RailWILY_ Company establish~4 an dit.ton~l tr(l.in knoW!). as train for Atlanta., Montgomer~, and New Orleans, and was dela~ed until the "New ork and Flo!ida Short Line Limite ,"No. 81, which left New lO ..a p. m. bef_ore leaving Washington. U~der the _present fastrm3.\l servica York a.t 8. 1?· m., Washington 10.q5 p.m., Dan e, Va.., o !). •• m., and Char· the New York mail, together with the mail from l;l.ll parts of New England lotte, N. C.,8.3ia.11;1., thenee branohingofft~rriv1nga.t Columb:ta. 8. C., at12.14 Pt-nnsylvania,and Newyor)t <;>f the previous day, js put intobanville, Va., at p. m., Savanpah, Ga., 8.20 p. m., J~cksonvi.U~, Fla., 7.20 p._ m., where con"Qec ~_p.m.; Greensboro, N.C., 7.87 p.m.; Salisbury,~· C., 8.~ p. m.; Charlotte, tion was made with lines for southern Florida, thus making three daily tast N.C., 10 p.m.; Atlanya, Gt~o., 6,20 a.m. the folloW}ng mornmg; Montgomery, trains between New York and Charlotte, N. 0., two going through to New Ala., 10.36 a.m.; Mobile, ..t\,la.,,3.50 p. m.;_New Orleans, La., 8.10 p.m.; Mem.· Orleans\ one of which making connection at Qbarlotte With a through train phis, Tenn., 9.40 p.m.; Birmmgham, Ala., 11.45 ~· m.; Houston, Tex., 8.45 for Flonda point~, and one solid through tra.in New York to ~'lorida. This a.m.; Macon, Ga., Albany, Ga., Tifton, Ga., and points between Atlanta., was the situation up to the middle of th~ year 1895. Ga., and Chattanooga, Tenn., beforfi11 p. m. The ~hedules were further improvt'>d upon on the 1st of February~ 18961 at Thus, by this increased facility between New York and the South the which time the schedule of the New York and Florida. Short Line .uimhed m.a~ are expedited about twelve hours to Danville, Va., Greensboro, N. 0. 1 was ql}ickened to a considerable extent, alt;hough the same leaving times at Salisbury~N. 0., Charlotte, N. 0., Atlanta., Ga.; fourteen hours to Mont: New York 3.20 p.m., and Washington, 'lO.OIS p.m. Eere observed, the train gomery, la.; about fifteen hours to New Orleans and Birmingham; twelve reaching Charlott~. N. c. p.t 8.80 a. lll·• instead of S. , as in 1894; Columbia at hours to emphisi fourteen hours to Houston, and from twelve to fifteen 11.35 a.m.~ inst~ad of 12. 14; p. m.; ~avannah, Ga., .36 p. xp.., inste~ of 3.20 hours to all J)oints m the Southwest. p.m.; J&CKsonVIlle, Fla., 6.30 p.m., mstead vf 7.30 p. m.i St. Augustme, Fla., It will be seen that in expediting the mails between New York and th~ 7.4.-5 p. m., instead of 9.20 p. m.. inland and far South and Southwest the Southern Railway has materially Commencing January 18 ~897, the New York and Florida Short Line Lim decreased the time over previous years to points in Florida, to say nothing lted was changed to leave New Yorlrat 12.10 noon; Philadelphia, 2.36 :p.m.; of making double daily service to points in Texas, and expediting the Mexica:Q Baltit::nore, 6 p.m.; Washi.ngton, 6.20 p.m., arriving at Charlott~ at 6.05 a.m. mails, and reducing considerably the time of arrival of the double daily the following day; Columbia, S. C., 8.17 a.m.; Savannah, Ga. .. 1l.~a. m.; Jaclt service at practically all points in the South east of the MisRissippi River. !!Onville, Fla., 3.00 p.m., and :::;t. Augustine, Fla., 4.40 p. m., thus reaching You are doubtless aware that the schedules o~ our train No. 37 (the Wash Savann~ Ga., and Jacksonville and St. Augustine, Fla., during business ington and Southwestern limited) and train No. 35 (the United States fast hours the following day after -leaving New York, a considerable item in the mail) are controlled almost absolutely_ by tbe Post-Office De-partment, and. saving l(f time as comP.ared to all previous schedules. under our contract with them for handling the special mail the schedules can In this connection 1t will be noted that the service of the United States not be changed without the a-pprova,l of that Department; and by reference fast mail No. 35, aud Washington a.n& Soqthwestern Ljmit!fd No. 87, between to the schedules of those trains it will be seen that they make very few stops Charlotte, :t..t. 0., J~kson.ville\ 'l'ampa, and other Florida pomts, has been and between Washington and Atlanta, or between Charlotte, :N. 0., and Jackson- is now maiuta.ined, whic}l., w1t)l the New York and Florida Limited, give ville and 'l'ampa, Fla. - three fast trains, from New York and Washington to the entire State of In order to facilitate to a greater extent the movement of the United States Florida., as against only two trains in 1898. fast-mail train on its schedule time, the local stops of that train which have · United States fast mail, No. sa. leaves New York a.t the same hour that it did heretofore been made between Danville, Va., and Charlotte, N.C., have been in 1895-96, 4,30 a.. m.; Washington, 11.15 a.m., and arrives at Atlanta 5.20 a. m_.j obviated by the operation of a local passenger tr&in between those points, as Montgomery, Ala., 10.31 a. m., inetea.d of 10.45, as in 1896; Birmingham at 11.40 indicated above in this letter. It is, therefore, easily understood that these a . m., instead of 12.20 p.m., as in 1896, and makes through connection for tra.ins :y·e run to a great extent for the mails, as scarcelyanyloca.l pa.ssenge.l" Memphis and Kansas City, arriving at Memphis, Tenn. at 9.to p.m., instead tr~tffic is handled on the same, and the hours of the trains are to the disa.d· of 10.20 p. m;1. as in 1~9, and at Kansas City, .Mo., at 5.20 p.m. the following vantage of such business, and the hours of leaving New York to the disadvan· afternoon. .t1ere I would call your attention to connection from Memphis to tage of through pa.!senger traffic desiring to leave on the United States fast Kansas Oity having been maintained from the date of its commencement, the mail. early part of 189S~, to date, thu3 giving a permanent service where heretofore I beg to call your particular attention to the ruling of the Post-Ofllce t-he nUills had to tay in Birmingham from 1 p. m. until 1<1.20 at night before Department in that our falling to accomolish a conneotion or trains being departure for points beyend Memphis in the direction of Kansas City. I delayed they can cut off the SJ?ecial allowance and deductourpay,apd weare would also call attention to the fact that since 189"3 the service or the United not paid for this delayed serVIce. Besides, we are req_uir:ed to hold the South• States fast mail between New York and New Orleans has been augmented western Limited, as well as the United States fast mail, indefinit ely for trains by the substitution of solid thrOllgb trains instead of requiring changes of from the north. equipment at Mont_gomery, Ala., and tha arrival time at New Orleans h~ The service performed, owing to the limited stops and the very fast time been quickened to 8.10 p.m. tlie following day after leaving New York and made, is exceedingly costly~ and, in addition thereto, other expense has been Washington, in~tead of 8.o0 p. m., as heretofore, thus continuing to give incurred by the operation or local trains to handle the local passenger traftlc, the peoJ?le of- New Orleans the OlJportunity of getting their mail that; night, which can not be accommodated on the fast trains; and also by the additiop. when previously it was not distributed until the following morning. 'l'he of new connectin&" trains from Salisbury, J:f. 0., through western North connection with the Southern Pacifl.c for Houston. Tex., San Antonio, Tex. Carolina, to Asheville, N. C., Kno:A:ville, and Chattanooga, Tenn.; and ttnless and Mexico, leaving New Orlrums 8.20 p.m., immediately upon the arrival of some compensative allowance for this is made it will hardly be possible fop the United States fast mail, and arriving Houston the following morning at this company to maintain this ex-cep1;ional service, which expedites in so 8.i5 and San Antonio 4.25 p. m., has been maintained. Also, the local stops h eretofore made by the United States fast mail, No. large a de~ree the mails between the North and the South: 35, between Danville\ Va., and Ch:ii.rlotte, N.C., have been eliminated, and this The tram service north bound is very fast and has proven entirely satisfa.c· tory to the Post-Office Department. The United States fast .~ru~.il nortll· tt·ain is now o-peratea as a fast through train between these r espective points bound, No. 38 (a. similar train to No. 35southbound) is also operated as a solid and a local train substituted to accommodate the _passenger traffic, thus re through train, New Orleans to Washington, taking up the connection of the ducing time of arrival of mail at Charlotte, N. C., from J.0.50 p. m . to 10 "Sunset Limited" from California, and comJ?let.ing, with the Southwester:q p. m., and an additional train has been put in operation between Salisbury, Limited nm-thbound, double daily fast serVIce from the South as well as N. C., and Chattanooga., Tenn., through Statesville, N. C., Asheville, N. C., and from the N erth. · Knoxville, Tenn., connecting with said United States fast mail train, No. a>, leaving Sa~ bury at 8.55 p. m., arriving Asheville, N. C., 12.20 the same night, In order to facilitate the movement of the United States fast-mail train Knoxville, Tenn.• at 4.36, and Chattanooga, Tenn., at 8 o'clock the following northbound, No. c6, between Charlotte, N.C., and Danville, Va.,local servic~ morning. By the·addition of this train\ mail leaving New York at 4.30 a.m. is also operated between these points, northbound, ·as has heretofore been and Wa.Shln~on 11.15 a; m. !lrrives Asneville and other points in western explained iu connection with No. 35, southbound. North Carolina-a consitlerash territory within itself-the same night, and at . Additional train service betwee~ Chattanooga., Tenn., and Salisbury, N.C., Knoxville ana Oha.ttano::>ga the"following morning in time for early delivery. 1S also operated, northbounli, leavmi" Chattanooga at 6.55 p. m..bconnecting At Charlotte, N.C., a connecting train of the Unit~d States fast maillt-.aves wit h Um~d States fast-mail train, No. 36, northbound, at Salis ury, N. 0., at 10.20 -p.m., upo:q the arrival of said train reaching Columbia S. C., at 1.37 the followmg morning. . a. m. ;. Savannah, ~J 4.W a. m:..t_Jacksonviile, Fla., 9 a. m., the day after de It will doubtless be clear to you, and all others who may consider the sub parture from New xork and washington. Connection is there made with ject, that it would be impossible to maintain such extraordinary service -. the Florida Ea.~t Ooast Railway system having a train leaving Jacksonville without substantial recognition on the part of the Government, and I feel Fla., at 9.20 a. m., arriving St. Augustine,_10.20 a. m.; Palatka, Fla., 11.48 satlijfied that it is not the desire of this Conpesg to diminish in any mannel' a.. m.; Ormond, Jfla.J 12.48 P; m.; Rockledge\ lfla.,3.SO p. ~.; Pa:Jm Beach, Fia., tlle facilities now afforded for the transaction of the business batween the 8.25 p.m.; Miann, Fla., ll.O.> p.m., from wltic;h latter pomt a lme of steamers North and the South·and Southwest. is now opera~d to :Nassau and Key West, Fla., thus giving exceptional facili With sentiments of-high resp~ct, I am, very respectfully, tiei to the entire east coast of Florida and islands of Nassau and Key West. · A. B. ANDREWS This train also connects at Yulee, Fla., with train of the Florida Central and First Vice-President. Peninsular Railroad, leaving at 8.25-a. m. the morning after departure from New York and Washington, arriving Waldo, Fla..,11.40 a.m.; Ocala, Fla.., 1.32 p. m., and Tam_pa, F'la., 6.30 ~· m ., where c.onnection is m~e :wfth the ~ban FEBRUARY 10, 1897. steamships to Haba.na. It will thus be seen that this tram g1ves exc~ptional SCHEDULE OF TRAIN NO. 80, rHE UNITED STATES FAST MA.IL, FROM NEW mail facilities to the entire State of Florida, Key West, Nassau, and Habana, YORK, PHILAD:ELPHI.A, BALTIMORE, .AND WASHINGTON TO POINTS NAMED Cuba. · BELOW. It will not be amiss to draw a comparison between the time made to Florida -points in 1893"and now. The mail which left New York at 4.30 a.m. Leave New York (P. R. R.) d&ily ------·------··· --···· 4:.30 a. m arrived at Jacksonville, Fla., at 11 a.m., and Tampa, Fla., at 8 p. m. It now Leave Phil:;tdelphia (P. R. R.) .daily------··_------·---··· 7.20 a. zn: rea-ches Jacksonville at 1:1 a.m., Tampa 5.00p: m., connecting there with Cuban ;Leave ~lt1more (P.R.R.) daila;------·------· 9.37 a.m. steamships, and also has direct connection at Jacksonville for the entire east Leave ashington (So.Rwy.) a.ilY------11.16 a.m. coast of Florida,l'tassau. and Key West. · Arrive Manassas, Va. (So. Rwy.), daily. (Junction point with The schedule of the Washington and Southwestern Limited leaving New _Manassas branc.h to Front Royal, Riverton, Strasburg, Wood- York at4.30p. m., Washington 10.43p. m., arriving Charlotte, N. c ..... 9.25 the stock, and HarriSonburg, Va.. ) ______... : .. ___ : ______------12.19 p.m. following morning _Atlanta, Ga., 8.55 same afternoon, New Orleans, .ua., and Arrive Calverton, Va. (So. Rwy.), daily. (Junction for Warren- Memphis, Tenn., 7.41.11 the second morning, has scarcely varied or been changed ton, Va.) ------·------· -·-- 12.40 p.m. fJ anyre11pect. Connection with that train i'S st;ill ma.intained with divergtni" Arrive Orange, Va. (So. Rwy.), daily. (Junction for Potomac, lmes at New Orleans and Memphis for Te;x:as, Mexico, Arizona, and with the Fredericksburg & Piedmont R. R., and 0. & 0. Rwy. for Gor- fJunset Limited a.t New Orle~ for San Francisco and points in California. donsville and east)------______------__- __ -----·_____ 1.« p. m. Connection of this train has also been continued at Charlotte, N. 0., for Arrive Charlottesville Va. (So. Rwy.), daily. (Junction with Columbia, S. 0 .• Jacksonville, and all Florida points. leaVIng Charlotte at C. & 0. Rwy. east and west)------·-----·------··-----· 2.24 p.m. 9.35 a.m., arrivfug Columbia, S. C., l2.50 p. m., Savannah 4.25 p. m., Jackson Arrive Lynchburg, Va. (So. Rwy.), daily. (Junction with 0. & 0. vile, Fla., 9.12 p. -m: Tampa.; Fla., 7.30 a.. m. Rwy. and- connection with N. & W. R. R. for Roanoke, Salem, It will be seen mat1 -while the leaving time at New York is the same as Christiansburg, Wytheville, Bristol, Knoxville, Chattanooga, heretofore. the arrival time in the cities of the South and Southwest has etc.)-·--·------··----···.------·----.-·-··-···------~----·-·---- 4.05 p.m. been brought· nearer to the ~eparture .from New York, the decrease in the Arrive Danville~ Va. (So. Rwv.), daily. (Junction with Atlantio time. me~ni?g an increa~:K~ in the spe~d of these_trains. & J)a.uville aw~ _Da.uville & Western r~~~- -.-.-·~-- .-.-·- .--····· . 6.00 p.m. r "" '·'' ~754 CONGRESSIONAL. REOORD- HOUSE lrEBRU.ARY 11, ~ .Arrive Greensboro, N. 0. (So. Rwy.), daily. (Connection for all Arrive Obarlotte N. 0. (So. Rwy. ), daily, (Junction lines diverg points in eastern Carolina, including Durham, Raleigh, Golds ing to Statesvil1 e, Mooresvflle, dolmnbia, Charleston, Savannah, ·boro, and also p()ints on 0. F. & Y. V. R. R..,. east and wes:n~d 9 Northwt>stern North Carolina R. R. to Winston-Salem, , ~~~G~~~~~.(s~.AR~t~aiii~--(j'ilietioiiwitiio."&-i.~ .25 a. m~ 7 57 ~. ~ t897.- OONGRESSION.A.L REOORD-HOUSEt 1755 I FEBRUARY 10, 1891. ting a copjt of a comr..nunication from the-Attorney-General in ~ABLE B.-Distance in miles and time in hours between po_ints nam~d via the relation to an app!GpriatiQn for the- payment of a judgment in r Pennsylt;ania Railroad and Southern Ratlway and thetr connections. favor of Margarat. .Lalone~ ll'endered in the United. States; circuit I court for the ea.o:tiern district of Wisconsin-to' the- Committee on From- ~:ppropriatioc.s, and ardered to be printed. A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting,. with a letter To- New York. Philadelphia. Baltimore. IWar.ihington. from the Acting Chief of Eng:i:neers 1 report of exam:i:n.ation and Miles. Hours. Miles. Hours. .Miles. Hours. Miles.l Hours. survey of Oak Orchard Harbur, New York-to the Committee• on Riv2rs and Ha-rbors, and order ed to be printed. ~ ------• Lynchbu~, Va ..• 400 11 812 8j 217 174- 6 A letter from the Secretarry of War, transmitting a letter from .Danville, a------467 13 377 rot 282 ~ 239 7 the Acting Chief of Engineers- in reference to-certain disallow.. 'Greensboro, N. 0. 515 Ht 425 330 10 287 8t ances against Colonels Comstock and Mendell, an d requesting :a.aleigh, N. 0------591 507 Ht 412 14+ 369 13 ' ~alisbury, N. 0 ..• 565 J9 475 13 380 11 377 9r- certain legislation in regard thereto-to-the Committee on Apl?rO· harlotte, N. 0 ___ 608 1~ 518. H 423 12 380 10i- priations-, and ordered to be printed. .Columbia, S. C .... 718 20 628 533 1Di 490 I4 Oharleston, S.c••. A letter from th e Secretary of War, transmitting, with a; letter 848 75B m 663 620 21 from the Chi ef of Engineers, report of examination and sm:vey of Savannah~a .•••• 860 ffl ~ 770 ~i 675. 632 17 Augusta, ------799 23l 698 61.4. 19 571 11-t the mouth of the Cumberland River, Kentucky- t o the Commit ~artanbur~, S. 0. 683 19 590 16t 493 Ht 455 13 r eenville, . C ... tee on Rivers and Harbors, and ordered to be vi·inted, 715 19t 625 530 15 487 13t A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a letter Atlanta, Ga ..•..•. 876 24: 786 nl 691. 191- 18 ~ae on, Ga .•••. ---- 96~ 874 25 779 1 27t 23 ~ 21.; from the Acting Chief of Engineers, r eport of examination and bany, Ga ...... 1,071 32! 981 so 886 28 843 26t survey of Forked Deer River, Tennessee-to the Committee on "ifacksonville, Fla .. 1,236 28 1,146 25t 1,051 23f. 1,008 22 Rivers and Harbors, and ordered to be printed. ~ampa, Fla .... ---- 1,353. 40 1,254: 37t 1,159 35r 1,ll6 34 Columbus, Ga_____ 1,014 29r 928 829- 25 7tl6 23t A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a letter Montgomery, Ala 1, 051 29t 961 876 Mobile, Ala .... ____ it 25 833 from the Acting Chief of Engineers, report of examination an.d 1,231 35r 1,141 33 1,056 31 1,013 29f survey of South Haven Harbor, Michigan-to the Camrnittee on New Orleans, La.. 1, 3'71 tO 1,281 tm, 1,187 35.; 1,144 34 Houston. Tex. ~ - - - 1, 733 55 1,6!-3 52 A> 1,5!8 ~ 50!- 1, 545 49 Rivers and Harbors, and ordered to be printed. ~Antonio, Tex. 1,942 M 1,852 61t 1, 752 59t 1,714 58 A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a letter ton, Ala ..... 979 28 889 25t 794 751 22 from the Chief of EJ;lgineers, report of examination-of Bayou Gros :Birminghap}, Ala. 1,044 00 954: 27t 859 ~t 24: )feridian, MISS ...• 1,196 34t 1, 10f} 32 1,oM 30- m 28.; setete, Louisiana-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors and 'Jackson, Miss ..... 1, 292 1,202 39 1,1 31 1,064: 85t ordered to be printed. ' Vicksburg, Miss ... 1,896. ~ 1,246 4lt 1,151 39t 1,108 83 ahreve~ort., La.. --- 1,508 t2i- 1,418 50 1,3ZJ 48 1.,280 Holly prings, 4.S+ ;M:iss _. -----. __ ... 1,250 38 1,160 REPORTS. OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS- AND Memphis, Tenn __ 85t 1,055 1,012 82 1,295 89 }- 1,205 37 l,llO ~ 1,067 33t RESOLUTIONS ~ Little Rock, Ark.. . 1,430 l,MO «t 1,245 42r 1,202 41 Oolumbus, Miss.._ 1,167 lit 1,077 39 962 37: 919 85 ~ Under clause 2 of Rule XITI, bills and resolutions were severally ~est Point, Miss. 1,184: 42 1,094 89t 999 31-i 956 36 reported from committees. delivered to the Clerk, and· referred to , inona, .Miss- -·-- 1, 251 «t 1,161 42 1,066 tO 1,023 38t the several Calendars therein named, as follows: Greenville, Miss .. 1,335 49t 1,245 47 1,155 45 1,1l2 I 45+ Mr. SHERMAN, from the Committee on Indian Affairs to which was referred t~e joint resolution of the- Senate (S. 121) t(}i I Mr. LOUD. I move that the committee do now rise. amend an act grantm.g to the Duluth and Winnipeg Railroad I The motion was agreed to. Co~pany a rig~t of ~ay through the Chippewa and White Earth The committee accordingly rose; and the- Speaker having re ~dian reservations, rn the State of Minnesota, r eported the same sumed the chair, Mr. HULL, Chairman of the Committee of the WI_tho~t amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2893); which Whole ffouse on the state of the Union, reported that that com sa1d bill and report were referred t-o the Committee of the Whole mittee had had under consideration the bill H. R. 10289, and had House on the state, of the Union. 'come to no resolution thereon. M:r. MITCHELL, from the- Committee on Patents to which was· :Mr. LOUD. I move that the House do now adjourn. r~ferred the bip. of the Ho~se (!=f. R. 10202) defining' the jurisdic~ The question was put. ~wn. of the Umted States crrcmt courts in cases brought for the 1 The SPEAKER. Before announcing the result, the Chair lays. mfringement of letters patent, reported the same without amend before the Home the following personal requests of members. ment, accompanied by a report (No. 2905); which- said bill and report were referrt3d to the House Calendar. LEAVE OF .Al3SE~CE. Mr. HARRISON,. from the Committee on Pacific-Railroads to , By unanimous consent, leave of absence was granted as follows: w~ch was referred House bill No. 10~ 21, reported in lieu ther'eof To Mr. McCLEARY of Minnesota, for two days, on account of a b1ll (H. R. 10294) to amend an act entitled "An act to aid in the liDportant business. c~nstruction of ~ railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri To Mr. DooLITTLE, indefinitely, on account of sickness. RIVer to the Pacific Ocean, and to secltre to the Government the 1 To Mr. CoRLISs, for two weeks, on account of important ousi me of the same for postal, military, and other purposes," approved ~ess. July 1, 1862; also to amend an act approved July 2, 1864, and.also / To Mr. MILES, for this· day, on account of important business. an a~t approved May 7, 1878, both in amendment- of said first 1 To Mr. P .A.RKER, for two days, on account of important business. mentioned act and othm: acts amendatory thereof and supplemen To Mr. LEISENRING, indefinitely, on account of sickness. tal thereto1 and to proVIde f EXECUTIVE COl\IMUNICATIONS. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS. Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, the following executive com )nunications were taken from the Speaker's table and 1·eferred as _Under clause 2. of Rule XID, private bills and resolutions-were _ follows: severally :reported from committees, delivered: to the Clerk and A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury transmit referred to the Committee of the Whole House, as follows: ' ting a copy of a communication from the Secretary or'War sub . By Mr. TYLER~ fTom the Committee on Military Affairs: The bill (H. R. 101.04), for the relief of Marcus Bain. (Report No. mitting an estimate of an appropriation for the Branch Home for 2894.) Disabled Volunteer Soldiers at Marion, Ind.-to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. By Mr. KERR, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions:. The bill (S. 35a-) e:atitle.d "An act granting a pension to Rhoda. / A. letter from the Acting Se.cretary of the:.Treasury, tr~nsmit- A. Van Niman." (Report No. 2895.) . 1756 OONGRESSION.AL :RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 11, The bill (S. 1269) entitled "An act granting an increase of pen- PETITIONS, ETC. sion to John S. Hall." (Report No. 2896.) · · Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, the following petitions and papers The bill (S. 2813) entitled "An act granting an increase of pen were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: sion to Joseph Brown.'~ (Report No. 2897.) By Mr. ADAMS: Petition of the Brotherhood of Locomotivtt The bill (S. 2883) entitled "An act granting an increase of pen Engineers, Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, Brotherhood of sion to Isaac Harbaugh." (Report No. 2898.) Ra~way Trainmen, Order of Railway Conduct()rs, and Order of By .Mr. LAYTON, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions: Railway Telegraphers, recommending the passage of House bill The bill (S. 3144) entitled "An act granting a pension to Samuel No. 10090, to abolish ticket brokerage-to the Committee on In Shaffer." (Report No. 2899.) terstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. PICKLER, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions: By Mr. BAKER of New Hampshire: Memorial of the Concord The bill (H. R. 9941) granting an increase of pension to James (N.H.) Division, No. 335, of the Order of Railway Conductors, Parsloe. (Report No. 2900.) asking the enactment of House bill No. 10090, to abolish ticket By Mr. SULLO WAY, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions: brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com- The bill (S. 3311) entitled "An act to increase the pension of merce. · Arabella V. Washburn.'' (Report No. 2901.) The bill (H. R. 9554) granting a pension to Mary E. Taylor. Also, memorial of W. L. Mason & Co., manufa-cturers, of Keene, (Report No. 2902.) N.H., remonstrating against the passage of House bill No. 10090, The bill (H. R. 8907) granting a pension to John W. Channing. to prevent brokera~e in railroad tickets-to the Committee on (Report No. 2903.) · Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. THOMAS, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions: By Mr. BARNEY: Petition signed by various tanners in the The bill (H. R. 1264) increasing the pension of Henry G. Bigalow. State of Wisconsin, relating to the duty on degras or cod oil-to (Report No. 2904.) the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. WANGER, from the Committee on Interstate and For By Mr. BINGHAM: Resolution of the Trades League of Phila eign Commerce: The joint resolution (S. R. 100) granting a life delphia, Pa., favoring a survey of the canals between Chesapeake saving medal to Daniel E. Lynn, of Port Huron, Mich. (Report Bay and Long Island Sound, with a view to their purchase by the Government-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. No. 2908.) By Mr. BREWSTER: Petition of prominent firms and clergy men of Rochester, N.Y., in favor of the passage of House bill No. PUBLIC BILLS, MEMORIALS, AND RESOLUTIONS. 10090, to a bolish ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate Under clause 3 of Rule XXTI, bills, resolutions, and memorials and Foreign Commerce. of the following titles were introduced and severally referred as By Mr. BULL: Resolutions of the Woman's National Indian follows: · Association for 1897, for legislatiOn for the protection of the In By Mr. MADDOX: A bill (H. R. 10293) to provide for t-he pur dians-to the Committee on Indian Affairs. chase of a site and the erection of a public building thereon at By Mr. COOPER of Texas: Petitions of W. S. Jones and others, Dalton, in the State of Georgia-to the Committee on Public of Liberty, Tex.; J. Boutrone, E. A. Httyne, and others, of Sabine Buildings and Grounds. Pass, Tex.; MarkWiess,J. D. Polk, and others, of Beaumont, Tex., By Mr. CRISP: A bill (H. R.10295) to provide for the· purchase asking for the passage of House bill No. 10090, abolishing ticket of a site and the erection of a post-office building thereon at brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com Hawkinsville, in the State of Georgia-to the Committee on .Pub merce. lic Buildings and Grounds. By Mr. CLARKE of Alabama: Petition of the Alabama Land Also, a bill (H. R. 10296) to provide for the purchase of a site and Development Company and others, of Mobile, Ala., favoring and the erection of a post-office building thereon at Cordele, in the passage of House bill No. 10090, abolishing ticket brokerage the State of Georgia-to the Committee on Public Buildings and to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Grounds. . By Mr. CROWLEY: Petition of Dr. J. S. Bruce and other citizens Also, a bill (H. R. 10297) to provide for the purchase of a site of Ea~le Lake, Tex., favoring the passage of the Sherman bill to and the erection of a post-office building thereon at Fort Valley, abolish ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and For in the State of Georgia-to the Committee on Public Buildings eign Commerce. and Grounds. By Mr. GAMBLE: Petition of C. A. Beake, of Wessington, By Mr. GROW: A resolution (House Res. No. 539) asking that S.Dak., favorable to the Loud bill (H. R. 4566)-to the Committee Saturday, February 13, 1897, after the reading of the Journal, be on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. set apart for the consideration of House bill No. 3656, known as By Mr. GROUT: Petition of the Woman's Christian Temper the homestead bill-to the Committee on Rules. ance Union of St. Johnsbury, Vt., ur~ing the passage of House By Mr. POOLE: A resolution (House Res. No. 540) to set apart bill No. 7441, known as the antigamblmg bill-to the Committee Monday, February 15, and Tuesday, February 16, for the consid on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. eration of such Senate pension bills as are in order at the Friday · Also, petition of Mrs. L.A. Ballou, of Chester, Vt., secretary of night sessions-to the Committee on Rules. the Young People's Christian Endeavor Society of the First Bap By Mr. FLETCHER: A memorial of the Minnesota legislature, tist Church, favoring the passage of a bill prohibiting the sale of in favor of a national park at Vicksburg, Miss.-to the Committee liquors in any Government building (H. R. 7083)-to tae Com- on Military Affairs. . mittee on Public Buildings and Grounds. . . By Mr. MINOR of Wisconsin: A memorial of the legislature of ·Also, petition of Mrs. A. A. Wyman, of Cambridgeport, Vt.; the State of Wisconsin, in favor of House bill No. 4339, to estab Mrs. Mary A. Brackett, of St. Johnsbury, Vt., and 50 citizens of lish a national military park at Vicksburg-to the Committee on Chelsea, Vt., favoring House bill No. 3203, known as the Brod Military Affairs. erick bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, petition of Mrs. Mary A. Brackett, president of ·the St. PRIVATE BILLS, ETC. Johnsbury Woman's Christian Temperance Union, favoring the Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills of the following titles passage of the McMillan bill (S. 2485)-to the Committee on the were presented and referred as follows: Disti-jct of Columbia. By Mr. ARNOLD of Rhode Island:· A bill (H. R. 10298) gr~nt Also, petition of Mrs. J. H. Drew, of St. Johnsbury, Vt., and ing an increase of pension to Bridget Fallon, widow of Richard Mrs. Mary A. Brackett, president of the Woman's Christian Tem Fallon, late of Company F, Fifteenth United States Infantry-to perance Union of Caledonia County, Vt., praying for the passage the Committee on Pensions. of House bill No. ~119, known as the Phillips bill-to the Com- By Mr. BLUE: A bill (H. R. 10299) for the relief of Joseph C. mittee on Labor. , Ury-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, protest of Hollis Thrasher and 26 others against the pas By Mr. HILBORN: A bill (H. R. 10300) granting a pension to sage of House bill No.· 4566, known as the Loud bill-to the Com Leota K. Gutierrez-to the Committee on Pensions. · mittee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. By Mr. KIEFER: A bill (H. R.10301) to amend an act enti~led By Mr. HA~T: Petition of 0. L. _Fehr, of Northampton, Pa., "An act to refer the claim of Jessie Benton Fremont to certain favoring the Loud bill (H. R. 4566) amending the laws relating lands and improvements thereon in San Francisco, Cal., to the to second-class mail matter-to the Committee on the Post-Office Court of Claims," being chapter 80 of the private acts of the and Post-Roads. twenty-seventh United States Statutes at Large, approved Feb By Mr. HEATWOLE: Remonstrance. of citizens of Cannon · ruary.10, 1893-to the Committee on War Claims. Falls, Minn., against House bill No. 4566, known as the Loud ·By Mr. PICKLER: A bill (H. R. 10302) granting an increase bill-t-o the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. of pension to Isaac P~ Markham-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. HOWELL: Petition of Elijah Stevens, of Somerville, Pensions. N.J., requesting a 60 per cent ad valorem duty on harness in the Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 10303) granting a pension to new tariff schedule-to the Committee on Ways and Means. Elizabeth A. Scrivener---'to t~e Committee on Invalid Pensioris. Alao, petition of W; L. Chadwick and other citizenS of Reel 1897. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1757 Bank, N.J., requesting favorable consideration in the matter of sage of House bill No. 4566, amending the postal laws-to the gold, silver, and other metals-to the Committee on Ways and Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Means. By Mr. LOUD: Petitions of the Methodist Episcopal and First By Mr. HEPBURN: Sundry petitions of citizens of the State of Congregational churches, of Redland, Cal.; also of the Methodist New York, viz: E. Stevens and ·27 others, of Albany; J. H. Gose Episcopal church, Epworth League, and the Woman's Christian and 10 others, of Dobbs Ferry; W. Hawks and 6 others, of New Temperance Union, of North Pasadena, Cal., a-sking the passage York City; Joseph T. Powers and others, of Somers Center; Wil of the bill raisin~ the age of protection for girls to 18 in the Dis liam Sherwood and6 others, of NewYork City; Paul Bremer and trict of Columbia and the Territories-to the Committee on the 10 others, of New York-City; J. C. Dixon and 14 others, of Ni Judiciary. agara Falls; John Williams and 22 others, of Niagara Falls; Hugo By.Mr. McCLEARY of Minnesota: Petition of W. W. Holmes, Miller and 10 others, of 8chodack Landing; William Shepard and of Billingham, Minu., in favor of the Loud bill (H. R. 4566) -to others, of Brewster; George Tripp and others, of Palmyra; J. W. the Committee on the Post-Office and P ost-Roads. Worden and others, of Coxsackie; J. B. Martin and others, of Ni By Mr. McLAURIN: Petition of F. H. McMaster,of Charleston, agara Falls; R. C. Shumaker and others, of Chapenville; C. J. S. C., favoring the passage of House bill No. 4566, relating to sec Reed and others, of Laona; M.S. Barton, of Fentonville; John ond-class mail matter-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Sullivan and others, of Lake Pleasant; J. R. Reynolds and others, Post-Roads. of Montrose; A. C. Smith and others, of Buffalo; J. Lawton and Also, of the Charleston Chamber of Commerce, praying for an others, of Rochester; R. W. Gilbreth and others, of Batavia; appropriation to comp~ete the,United Sta.tes court-house and post L. 1\1. Edwards and others, of Forestport; C. H. Mowers and office at Charleston, S. C.-to the Committee on Public Buildings others, of White Lake; A. R. Williams and others, of Utica; A. V. and Grounds. Smith and others, of Marcellus; W. C. Noxon and others, of Cres By Mr. MORRAY: Memorials of James Thorpe and others. of cent; Peter C. Doyle and others, of Buffalo; Winslow Trott and Williamsburg County, S. U.; R. B. Wallace and others, of Charles others, of Niagara Falls; C. C. Howard and others, of New York ton County, S. C., praying the rejection of what purports to be the City; E. B. A very and others, of Coldwater; E. L. Lewis and others, electoral vote of South Carolina, and for a restoration of the United· of Niagara Falls; H. J. Sullivan and others, of Niagru·a Falls; Z. States constitutional guaranty of a republican form of govern E. Cole and others, of Canaseraga; W. Bodine and others, of East ment in said State-to the Committee on Election of President, Clarence; Benjamin Wing and others, of Brighton; Nathan Briggs Vice-President, and Representatives in Congress. and others, of Sprakers; William Hanley and others, of Batavia; Also, petition by M. Drake & Sons and 25 other business men of H. C. Wilson, of Crafts; O.J.Hall and others, of P ittsford; C.W. Charleston. S. C., praying for the defeat of the bill to abo!ish Brown and others, of West Batavia; W. H. Sanford and others, ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign of Depew; T. J. Walker and others, of Niagara Falls; Frank W. Commerce. _ Stevens and others, of Jamestown; W. Flewellin and others, of By :Mr. NOONAN: P etition of D . .Alarcon and other citizens West Somers; W. J. Sparks and others, of Warren, Pa.; H. E. Miles of Marfa, Tex., recommending the passage of House bill No. 10090, and others, of Lyons, N.Y.; F. J. Keys and others, of West Rush; to abolish ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and J. H. Quackenbush and others, of Fiohers; William Randall and Fo1·eign Commerce. others, of Orleans; 0. H. Wende and others, of Wende; D. Edwards By l\ir. NORTHWAY: Remonstrance of A. B. 1\Iartin and 5() and others, of Fredonia; H. E. Longstaff and others, of Troy; \Vil other citizens of Geneva, Ohio, against the passage of the Sherman liam Heyer and others, o.f Kings Bridge; F. Whitcomb and others, ticket brokerage bill-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign of Mount Endicott; John Tempest anrl others, of Fox Ridge: C. E. Commerce. . W ygantand others, of Tuckahoe; William H. Goodstreet and others By l\Ir. PAYNE: Petition of C. A. Harvey and M. Howell, of of Philmont; James Downing and others, of Ghent; James Quinn Sterling, N.Y., favoring the passage of the Sherman bill to abol and others, of Troy and Albany; Edward Cushing and others, of ish ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Fonda; C. C. Gunnison and others. of Mertensia; T. Robinson Uommerce. and others, of Clyde; T. E. Ryan and others, of Aurelius; C. D. By Mr. PERKINS: Letter of F. H. Helsell, banker, of Sioux Lucas and others, of Remsen; E. E. Fish and others, of Amherst; Rapids, Iowa, giving his views on required legislation from the J. T. Webb, of Batavia: Fr ed T. Oakes and others, of Oskawana; standpoint of a country banker-to the Committee on Banking L. Bluestone and others, of Syracuse; C. S. Jackson and otliers, of and Currency. I Hoboken, N. J.; P. T. Fitz;;erald and others, of 1\.femphis and By MI· .. RAY: Petition of Commercial Travelers and Business Warners; Fred Post and others, of New York ()ity; James Eaton Men of the Twenty-sixth Congressional district of New York and and others, of Chauncey; R. L. Cannon and others, of Hillsdale; citizens of Tompkins County, N.Y., protesting against the pas Charles A. White and others, of Buffalo; M. H. Lowler, of Hink sage of the so-called Sherman antiscalpers bill-to the Committee leyville; Frank Seymore and others. of Owls Head; R. L. Law on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. · rence, of Craryville; R. T. Jewett and others, of Brooklyn, and Also, resolutions of the Dairymen's Association of Delaware resolutions of the general passenger ancl ticket agents in the terri County, N.Y., protesting against approp1iations for irrigation, _ tory east of Chicago, praying for the passage of House bill No. free homesteads, etc., in the West-to the Committee on tlle Pub 10090, abolishing ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate lic Lands. and Foreign Commerce. By I\lr. RUSSELL of Connecticut: Petition of Robert Burnett, Also, petition of the Monthly Meeting of Friends of Smyrna, to accompany House bill No. 10291, for his relief-to the Commit Iowa, urging the passage of the bill to prohibit the sale of intoxi tee on Military Affairs. cating liquors in the Government buildings-to the Committee on By Mr. SHERMAN: Sundry petitions of citizens of the State of Public Buildings and Grounds. N ew York, viz, Avery D. Andrews, police commissioner, New Also, petition of the Monthly Meeting of Friends of Smyrna, York City, and others; Charles C. Schon and o~hers, and Reuben M. Iowa, to raise the age of protection for girls in the District of Shutts and others, all of New York Cl.ty; J. C. Hogeboom and Columbia and the Territories-to the Committee on the Judiciary. others, of Hudson; F. M. Johnston and others, of Poughkeepsie; By Mr. HENDERSON: Petition of George J. Williams, of Patrick Kerley and others, of Mount Vernon; Frank Wells and Youngstown, Ohio, urging consideration of House bill No. 835-!, others, of Brew$ter; A.M. Lowrie and others, of White Plains; to increase the pensions of those having lost an arm or a leg-to the Charles R. Stephenson and others, of Mount Vernon; H. A. Kinports, Committee on Rules. . of New York City; Bartlet t .Arkell, E. H. Sturgis, and others, of By Mr. HENDRICK: Sundry petitions of the Christian chm·ch, New York City; N. Best and others, of Millertown; C. W. Brad the Baptist church, the St. Paul Episcopal Church, the Woman's ley and others, of New York City; C. W. Whipple and others,. of Christian Temperance Union, and the Young Woman's Christian McConnellsville; T. J. Lewis and others, of Trenton; A. G. Miller Tem r e ~·ance Union, all of Hickman, Tenn., favoring the passage and others, of Boonville, and Joseph M. Stover, of East Orange • .of Senate bill No. 2-!85, to restore the former law of the District of N.J., favoring the passage of House bill No. 10090, known as the CoLumbia against Sunday tmffic, invalidated by a clerical enor "antiscalping bill "-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign to the Committee on tile District of Columbia. Commerce. · By Mr. HILBORN: Papers to accompany House bill granting By Mr. SIMPKINS: Petitions of the Mercury Publishing Com a pension to Leota K. Turner Gutierrez-to the Committee on pany and of the Evening- Standard, of New Bedford, Mass., .for P ensions. favorable action on House bill No. 4566, relating to second-class By Mr.- HUNTER: Petition of the citizens of Butler County, mail matter-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Ky., asking that a pension be granted to Francis M. Berry-to the By Mr. SNOVER: Petition of W. H. Carey and other citizens. Committee on l nvalid Pensions. of Badaxer Mich., favoring the passage of the Sherman bill with By Mr. KLEBERG: Petition of Robert Law, of Beeville, Tex., respect to ticket brokers-to the Committee on Interstate and For and 0. F. Pridgen, of ThomastOn, Tex., praying for the passage eign Commerce. of the Sherman bill with respect to ticket brokers-to the Com Also, petition of C. T. Murphy, J. A. Wood, and 148 others, of mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Marine City, Mich., for marine post-office service at Detroit, Also, petition of D. S. Booth. of Alice, Tex., favoring the pas- :M.ich.~to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. · ·- OONGRESSION.A.t RECORD- SENATE. FEBRU~Y 12, By Mr. SORG: Petition ofW. F. Hynes, representative of various The message also announced that the House insisted upon its labor organizations, viz, Locomotive Engineers, Locomotive Fire amendment to the bill (S. 1694) to increase the pension of Maj. hlen, Railway Trainmen, Railway Conducto1·s, and Telegraphers, Gen. Julius H. Stahel, agrees to the conference asked for by the :r~commending the passage of House bill No. 10090, abolishing Senate on the disag1·eeing votes of the two Houses thereon, and 'ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign had appointed Mr. THOMAS, Mr. CROWTHER. and Mr. ERDMAN Commerce. managers at the conference on the part of the House. Bl. Mr. CHARLES W. STONE: Resolution of J. H. Mulle-n The message further announced that the House insisted upon Pos , Grand Army of the R epublic, of Duke Center, Pa., in favor its amAndment to the bill (S. 1501) granting an increase of pension of service-pension bill (H. R. 9209)-to the Committee on Invalid t~ Mrs. ~ucy Alexander Payne, widow of Capt. J. Scott Payne, .Pensions. · Fifth Umted States Cavalry, agrees to the conference a ked for By Mr. UPDEGRAFF: Petition of Mattie Lyons Fay, of Rock by the Senate on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, ford, Iowa, in favor of the bill raising the age of consent and the and had appointed Mr. THOMAS, Mr. CROWTHER1 and 1\Ir. ERD· bill prohibiting interstate gambling-to the Committee on Inter llAN managers at the conference on the part of the House. • state and Foreign Commerce. The. message also announced that the House had pas ed the bill By Mr. WADSWORTH: Petition of citizens of Genesee and (S. 1862) to amend the act creating the circuit court of appeals in Niagara counties, N.Y., favoring the passage of the Sherman bill regard to fees and costs, and for otJter purposes, with amendments to abolish ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. Foreign Commerce. The message further announced that the House had passed the By Mr. WANGER: Resolution of General Robert L. Bodine following bills; in which it requested the concuiTence of the :Post, No. 306, Grand Army of the Republic, of Doylestown, Pa., Senate: lU'ging the passage of House bill No. 9209, for service pension A bill (H. R. 10271) authorizing the funding of indebtedness in to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. the Territories of the United States; and By Mr. WATSON of Ohio: Memorial of J. H. Culbertson and A bill (H. R. 10288) making appropriations for fortifications and 9thers, of Columbus, Ohio, praying for the passage of Senate bill other works of defense, for the armament thereof, for the pro No. 3589 and House bill No. 10108,regulating fraternal beneficiary curement of heavy ordnance for trial and service, and for other ~ocieties , orders, and associations-to the Committee on the Dis purposes. trict of Columbia. ENROLLED BILLS SIG!\'ED. The message also announced that the Speaker of the House had signed the following bills and joint resolution; and they were SENATE. thereupon signed by the President pro tempore. FRIDAY, February 12, 1897. A bill (S. 1296) to commission passed as istant surgeons in the United States Navy, and to provide for their examination prelim Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. inary to their promotion to the grade of surgeon;, The Secretai~y proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's pro A bill (S. 3333) to amend an act entitled 'An act making appro ceedings, when, on motion of Mr. CHANDLER, and by unani priations for the construction, repair~ and pre ervatian of certain mous consent, the further reading was dispensed with. public works on rivers and harbors, and for other purposes/' CREDENTIALS. passed finally June 3, 1896; A bill (H. R. 9345) to enable certain persons in the State of The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented the credentials of M"lSSissippi to procure title to public lands; and John C. Spooner, cho en by the legislature of Wisconsin a Sena: A joint resolution (S. R. 148) for the relief of farmers and truck tor from that State for the term beginning March 4, 1897; which men in the city of Washington, D. C. were read, and ordered to be filed. PETITIONS AND 1\IElWRIALS. PROPOSED SITE FOR HALL OF RECORDS. The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented a memorial of 85 citi The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a. com zens of Vinalhaven Me., remonstrating against the passage of the plunication from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting, in so-called Loud bill, relating to second-class mail matter ; which )'elation to the matter of site for the proposed hall of records, was referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. certain inclosures in reference to the site at the intersection of He also presented the pe ition of Alice May Douglas, State su Ohio and Louisiana avenues and Tenth street, in the city of W a.sh perjntendent of the department of p ce and arbitration of the fugton, and also transmitting, without recommendation, certain Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Maine, praying for the