The President’s Report 2006 / 2007 / 2006 Report President’s The

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem of University Hebrew The The President’s Report 2006 2007 The

President’s Contents 2 From the President Report 4 Humanities 18 Medical Sciences 30 New Faculty 34 Research Activities 36 Interdepartmental Equipment Units 38 Student Life 40 Physical Development 42 The Campaign 44 Financial Report 50 Officers of the University 50 Board of Governors 52 Benefactors 54 Campaign Gifts 58 Major Gifts 2 From the President

FROM THE PRESIDENT

Dear Governor

As in the past few years, the Hebrew University covers an extensive range of human cultures and continues to face financial uncertainty, government genres of human creativity within the broadest budget cuts and indecisive policy on higher education. geographic parameters. We need to create a new This year however, the government realized that the paradigm for the humanities that emphasizes the situation cannot continue and appointed a blue-ribbon discourse between cultures, genres and periods while committee under the chairmanship of former finance preserving the classical scholarship in which we excel. minister Avraham “Baiga” Shochat. We therefore formed an international committee The committee was charged with conducting a headed by Professor John Gager of Princeton University, thorough review of key aspects of higher education whose recommendations to restructure the Faculty, its in Israel: government funding, student tuition curricula and academic and administrative structure (complemented by student support), services for are in the process of being implemented. We are students, the division of labor between universities also considering ways to adapt both the physical and colleges, employment models for faculty and academic infrastructure of the Faculty to this members and support for research. The committee’s new approach. recommendations — to be submitted in June — are We are likewise pursuing a paradigm change in likely to have a major impact on our environment. medical research, the second theme of this report. Unfortunately, several main players became highly Again, in order to create openness, flexibility and concerned about the potential changes and launched interchange, we aim to remove the barriers between a public campaign against the Shochat Committee. disciplines and create a more integrated approach The faculty members’ union embarked on a strike that whereby, for instance, a particular medical problem was concluded only by a firm government commitment is studied from genetic, molecular, physiological, that the committee’s recommendations would be pharmacological and other aspects. In order to implemented only following negotiations and an agreed implement this vision, we have established the Institute settlement. As I write, the nationwide student union for Medical Research (IMR) which will bring together strike — which started with a demand for lower tuition various disciplinary departments and will facilitate fees — continues. We hope that it will end shortly and the creation of flexible research teams formed around the committee be allowed to conclude its work. specific medical problems. This endeavor will require a We hope that the committee’s recommendations major investment of resources in physical and research will chart a course that will allow higher education and infrastructure. the country’s top research universities — of which the The Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Hebrew University is the leading institute — to realize Quality Sciences is also undergoing a paradigm their full potential. change. In place of its focus on food production, we In spite of these uncertainties and pressures, are seeking an integrative approach which combines Hebrew University faculty and researchers continue the environmental impact of food production with to have a major impact in their fields. Indeed, at the understanding the impact of food quality and function beginning of this year, we formulated four major on the individual consumer. This approach will involve thrusts of academic development that will rejuvenate reorganizing the Faculty into four major units — an and recast specific traditional areas of strength. institute of environmental agriculture, the existing Our Faculty of Humanities — a theme of this report — Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and From the President 3

Genetics in Agriculture, an animal sciences division These four visions for our future represent a tremendous incorporating the Koret School of Veterinary Medicine challenge that will require the coordinated efforts and an institute for food and nutrition. Interdisciplinary of our faculty and administration, together with our research centers also will encourage this new many friends and supporters — and the leadership of paradigm of integrative agriculture. the new Chairman of the Board of Governors Charles The Hebrew University is a highly respected center H. Goodman — to generate the necessary resources. of brain studies, with some 100 faculty involved in Indeed, the challenge becomes even greater when studies of the human brain. As part of the regular faced by the current pressures and uncertainties. process of academic monitoring, we convened a I firmly believe that our great university must not prestigious committee headed by Professor Gerald succumb to everyday pressures. We must reaffirm D. Fischbach, former dean of the Faculty of Medicine our commitment to continue to have a major impact at Columbia University, and including two Nobel on the world, on the Jewish people, on Israel and on laureates, which recommended creating a brain Jerusalem. I am confident that the Hebrew University research center that will physically incorporate some can meet such a challenge. of the relevant researchers and will engage the others in a collaborative approach. In the words of the committee: “Given the appropriate conditions and resources, the Hebrew University can become one of the very few leading centers in the world in Professor Menachem Magidor brain research.” President Prof. Sarah Stroumsa Prof. David Shulman Prof. Gabriel M. Rosenbaum Prof. Ruth Fine & Dr. Tzachi Zamir Prof. Yosef Garfinkel Amirim Program Humanities

Humanities 7

PROFESSOR SARAH STROUMSA Islamic Infusion

Ideas constantly flow between individuals and cultures. immediate Muslim surroundings.” In the process, some come to the fore, while others Studying Medieval Islam, says Stroumsa, gives fade into oblivion, says Professor Sarah Stroumsa. a particular resonance to today’s televised images. “To fully understand a culture, one must “Observing current events tends to encourage a one- comprehend the multifaceted world to which it dimensional understanding of Islam. If, however, we belongs, and follow the relay race of ideas within it,” examine it from an historical perspective, we realize says Stroumsa, the Alice and Jack Ormut professor of that this form of Islam is one among many possible Arabic Studies and a member of the departments of others. Islam, like other religions, changed and Arabic Language and Literature and of Jewish Thought. took many divergent forms over time. This historical “Each time a culture appropriates an idea from another viewpoint — in which concepts and ideas are shown culture, it modifies that idea to fit its own tradition, to be dynamic — allows a more nuanced analysis, and so that it seems to be a natural inner development,” gives a clear sense of the superficiality of the limited she says. “It means that in order to understand major picture that predominates today.” changes in Jewish thought, one must examine them in A former vice-rector of the Hebrew University the context of the greater society; and to understand who is spending the 2006/2007 year on sabbatical at the thought of Jewish luminaries who lived under the University of Pennsylvania, Stroumsa has been Islam, one must delve into the Arabic, Islamic culture a visiting scholar at universities around the world. in which they were infused.” “Hebrew University faculty members are encouraged An expert on philosophy and religious thought in the to travel on sabbaticals, and I believe we should take medieval Islamic world, Stroumsa currently focuses on advantage of this. The exchange of ideas is crucial for the intellectual exchange between Jews and Muslims all sciences,” she says. “We are tempted to believe in Islamic Spain and the cultural landscape in which that nowadays one can obtain anything on the internet. they operated. But nothing replaces the serendipitous insights gained Maimonides, whom she describes as “a from a face-to-face conversation, and which might Mediterranean thinker”, is thus a subject of Prof. never have occurred to us otherwise.” Stroumsa’s studies. “Everything Maimonides did bears the imprint of his Jewish identity, but it was also shaped by the fact that he was part of a larger, more complex society. His ideas were informed by past civilizations as well as by his Muslim neighbors,” she says. “You cannot understand his writings — even works that are written in Hebrew rather than Judaeo-Arabic and seem exclusively Jewish — unless you read them in the context of contemporary Muslim compositions. And you cannot appreciate his formidable innovations — such as his revolutionary decision to compose a single comprehensive code of law, the Mishneh Torah — without taking into account the impact of political and religious upheavals in his

Humanities 9

PROFESSOR DAVID SHULMAN Into India

What might seem an esoteric academic field to the languages “in my lifetime and maybe in the next one, uninitiated is, for Professor David Shulman, the most too.” In the meantime, he is fluent in Tamil, Telugu natural of environs. A world-renowned expert in the and Sanskrit, not to mention being proficient in Hindi, languages, literature and cultural history of south Russian, French, German, Arabic, Persian and Greek. India, particularly the Tamil- and Telugu-speaking And if Indian literature has captured his soul and states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh, Shulman is academic interest, his true passion is for classical the Renee Lang professor of Humanistic Studies in the Indian music. Shulman sings along with his wife departments of Indian, Iranian and Armenian Studies Eileen — “she sings beautifully in the classical mode and of Comparative Religion. He is the only Israeli and I have learned to sing a little as well,” he says. scholar to have been granted a MacArthur Fellowship. Shulman, who describes himself as “an old- Shulman, who moved to Israel from Waterloo, Iowa fashioned philologist and teacher,” raves about his in 1967, explains his progress from the American students at the Hebrew University. While he attributes Midwest to the southern reaches of the subcontinent as the attraction of Indian-related studies, in part at least, a “slow, idiosyncratic process which I still haven’t quite to the traditional post-army travels of many young figured out.” It began with an early interest in Persia Israelis, he emphasizes that the serious graduate and Iran — he did his undergraduate degree in Islamic students “are on par with the best anywhere in history at the Hebrew University — which developed the world.” into a passion for Persian poetry. “Persian was the Since 2003/2004, when its prestigious Institute for language of the administration and high courtly culture Advanced Studies hosted a research group in Sanskrit, in India for over a thousand years. The transition from the Hebrew University has become a major center for Iran to India was a natural one,” he says, adding that Sanskrit studies. The Institute ran a Summer Academy he initially chose Tamil because he was captivated in Sanskrit in 2006 and Prof. Shulman is planning a by the beauty and freshness of ancient Tamil love second Summer Academy for 2008. He looks forward poetry, which he first read in the translation of A. K. to welcoming back to Jerusalem some of the world’s Ramanujan. Indeed, he is currently writing a book on finest Sanskrit scholars. For Shulman, nothing could be the powers of the imagination in south India. more natural. According to Shulman, both Tamil and Telugu have vast bodies of classical literature — “the Bible actually contains perhaps the earliest attestations of Tamil loan-words” — as well as vibrant modern cultures. “Each of the languages boasts over 70 million speakers worldwide,” he says. “These are not by any means remote, peripheral cultures, but very prominent and central components of South Asian civilization.” Currently on sabbatical at the University of Chicago, Prof. Shulman has spent extended periods of time in India — from Madras to Visakhapatnam and Rajahmundry in Andhra Pradesh — and feels perfectly at home there. He hopes to pick up a few more Indian

Humanities 11

PROFESSOR GABRIEL M. ROSENBAUM Arabic in Transit

The Arabic language in Egypt is undergoing one of the the Egyptian dictionary project, which recently received most significant transitions in its 1,400-year history — a second four-year grant from the Israel Science and Professor Gabriel Moshe Rosenbaum is in the right Foundation. With the assistance of Professor Yaacov place at the right time. Choueka of Bar-Ilan University, who is developing the Egyptian society, along with other Arabic-speaking sophisticated software for the project, Rosenbaum is societies, exists in a state of diglossia, whereby one creating the first documented and digital dictionary of society employs two languages or varieties for different Egyptian Arabic. The dictionary database now contains purposes. In Egypt, Fusha is the prestigious, standard some one million words; its entries will have English language of literature and official communication, and and Hebrew definitions, plus fully cited examples of ‘Ammiyya, the colloquial language. Within the Arabic- usage drawn from various sources. “The final work will speaking world, each region has its own version of also be an encyclopedia of modern Egyptian culture,” ‘Ammiyya. Literature traditionally has been written in says Rosenbaum. Fusha, with strict cultural norms prohibiting writing Entries for the dictionary are being verified with in ‘Ammiyya. Egyptian native speakers. This painstaking endeavor “For the first time in the history of Arabic literature was facilitated by Rosenbaum’s appointment, in 2006, and culture, and exclusively to Egypt, these cultural as director of the Israeli Academic Center in Cairo, norms are changing” says Rosenbaum, a member of established in the wake of the 1979 Israel-Egypt peace the University’s Department of Arabic Language and treaty. “We are a meeting place for Israelis who speak Literature who is currently based in Cairo. “Works Arabic and Egyptians who speak Hebrew; our library derided several decades ago for being written in and lectures attract Egyptian scholars and students,” ‘Ammiyya are respected today,” he says. Egyptian he says, adding that he hopes to arrange for his Hebrew novelists, playwrights and journalists are increasingly University students to visit. writing in ‘Ammiyya, often using elements from both Rosenbaum’s extensive contact with Egyptians languages and thereby creating a variety of mixed also has led to several studies. In one, he describes styles — one of which Rosenbaum has dubbed a “secret language” spoken by goldsmiths and some ‘Fushammiyya’ — which give them richer stylistic options. merchants, which is based on a trade language spoken Indeed, since Cairo is traditionally the center of the by Egyptian Jews that also made up part of their own Arabic movie, television and music industries — most dialect. In his forthcoming book, Spoken Egyptian Arabs thus understand and can even speak some Judeo-Arabic in the Twentieth Century, Rosenbaum Egyptian (Cairene) ‘Ammiyya — the entire Arabic- documents — and pays tribute to — the vanishing speaking world is watching this process with concern. language and culture of once-vibrant Egyptian Jewry. “Fusha is the language of the Koran and serves as a unifying factor throughout the Arab world,” says Rosenbaum. “The Arab world does not want to see Arabic go the way of Latin, which faded into localized languages and cultures.” Prof. Rosenbaum is working on several projects that document this transition, among them books on Egyptian Arabic and contemporary Egyptian drama, and

Humanities 13

PROFESSOR RUTH FINE & DR. TZACHI ZAMIR From Shakespeare to Cervantes

While the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries have long of exploring, and perhaps understanding, reality. been fertile fields for literary scholars, two researchers Ruth Fine, the Salomon and Victoria Cohen professor in the Faculty of Humanities are providing tangible of Contemporary Latin America in the Department of proof that the deeper you dig, the more you find. Using Spanish and Latin-American Studies, has also been Shakespeare as his testing ground, Dr. Tzachi Zamir has on a search for meaning. Mostly using semiotics, the been making a persuasive — and original — claim study of signs and symbols, Professor Fine’s initial for the philosophical value of literature, while in research focused on narratology and its application exploring the Golden Age of Spain, Professor Ruth Fine to contemporary Ibero-American literature. While not has uncovered a trove of Jewish and Old Testament abandoning Borges and other modern writers, Fine, who references in the writings of Cervantes. Their careful immigrated to Israel from Buenos Aires in 1981, turned readings have led both scholars to produce innovative her critical eye to Spanish Golden Age literature, more and far-reaching studies. specifically to the relatively untouched area of semiotics Zamir, a philosopher by academic training who in Cervantes’ Don Quixote — “how signs expressing teaches in the departments of English and of General time, character and space in the novel reflect both the and Comparative Literature, views the Bard’s pinnacle and initial decline of Spain’s splendor.” works, indeed all of literature, through the prism of Fine’s penchant for discovering subtexts as well as philosophical currencies. “His plays, of course, do her interest in questions of identity and “otherness” much more than express abstract arguments, but eventually led her to explore both Old Testament and certain philosophical insights can be gained only Jewish references in Cervantes, whose literary career through literature,” says Zamir. For this philosopher- flowered 100 years after Jews were expelled from cum-critic — and in contrast to the tendency Spain. Her systematic excavations, which appear in of philosophers to look at a text and extract its her forthcoming book The Presence of the Bible and philosophically relevant points — it is the experiential of Jewish Elements in the Work of Cervantes, have structure itself of a literary work that adds the crucial yielded much fruit — for example, over 300 Biblical dimension of “knowing”. In literature, he says, we references, as well as midrashic references and Ladino experience something as true rather than merely expressions. These discoveries are important, says intellecting its validity. Prof. Fine, not since they might suggest Cervantes’ Zamir presents these philosophical perspectives in possible Jewish origins, “but to the extent that his Double Vision: Moral Philosophy and Shakespearean masterpiece echoes a culture that flowered in Spain Drama, for which he was awarded the University’s for over 1,000 years.” Polonsky Prize for Creativity and Originality in 2005. While he did not initially plan to study literature, Zamir says that conventional philosophy is appealing to a very limited sense of knowing. Not that he has left the philosophical fold. Besides authoring the forthcoming Ethics and the Beast, an exploration of the moral status of animals, Zamir is currently examining — both on the stage and in the classroom — the relationship between acting and philosophy, and the theater’s unique means

Humanities 15

PROFESSOR YOSEF GARFINKEL Digging and Dancing

“For two million years people were hunter-gatherers. Shavuot and Sukkot, each of which has an agricultural Suddenly, 11,000 years ago, people began to settle aspect. This was a way to coordinate society in down and agriculture started. This pattern started pre-literate times; this is how society organized its in the Levant — in today’s Israel, Jordan and Syria,” members.” Dancing, Garfinkel believes, played a role says Yosef Garfinkel, the Yigael Yadin professor in communicating important knowledge in pre-literate of Archaeology of Eretz Yisrael at the Institute of societies and was an integral part of ritual celebration. Archaeology in explaining his interest in the Neolithic He notes that the Hebrew word for holiday, hag, period. “It’s fascinating to be in this area and to study also means “to circle,” as does the Arabic word for these developments.” pilgrimage, hajj. Haifa-born Garfinkel became interested in A prolific scholar, Garfinkel has published some 14 archaeology through boyhood reading. Later, during books and 90 papers. His book, Dancing at the Dawn of his studies at the Hebrew University, he was taught Agriculture, reinterpreted aspects of the archaeological by some of the same archaeologists whose books record, demonstrating that some Neolithic societies had whetted his interest. “The Hebrew University is left depictions of their dance rituals. Garfinkel was the major center for archaeology in Israel. I studied awarded the University’s 2006 Polonsky Prize for with professors Yigael Yadin, Ofer Bar-Yosef and other Creativity and Originality in the Humanistic Disciplines leading figures in the field,” says Garfinkel, who did his for this work. postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard University. Not content to confine his activities to academia, Of the excavations that he has conducted at six Garfinkel actively reaches out to a wider audience. He sites throughout Israel, Garfinkel says that the most is the curator of the archaeological museum at Kibbutz productive was undoubtedly Sha‘ar Hagolan, near the Sha‘ar Hagolan and the author of a book about the site Sea of Galilee and which dates back 8,000 years. “It was that is aimed at a general readership, with illustrations a breakthrough in understanding the Neolithic period. “showing the entire process of archaeology, not just Sha‘ar Hagolan was a major art center — during our 11 pretty pictures of artifacts.” He also runs a summer seasons at the site, we discovered 300 mother-goddess camp for children through the University’s Joseph figurines.” Indeed, 20 archaeological finds from Sha‘ar Meyerhoff Youth Center for Advanced Studies, Hagolan are on loan to the Metropolitan Museum of which exposes them to how archaeology is actually Art in New York and 10 to the Louvre in Paris. Prof. practiced. In doing so, Garfinkel hopes to nurture future Garfinkel has high hopes for his current dig at Tel Tsaf, generations of archaeologists. near Beit She’an. After only three seasons of work, the 7,000-year-old site has yielded some significant finds, including a type of fenced-in dwelling that is unique in the Middle East. Garfinkel is especially interested in the history of dance and its role in society. “Dancing is a major category of non-verbal communication,” he says. “The question is why dancing is so important. Hunter- gatherers had ad hoc rituals but more settled societies developed calendrical rituals, like our Passover,

Humanities 17

THE AMIRIM PROGRAM Broad Vistas

The convergence of disciplines, whereby highly degrees, utilizing the wide basis of humanistic studies specialized education and research is being replaced that Amirim has given them in their studies and with a broader approach that crosses academic research. “I decided to study at the Hebrew University boundaries and provides scholars in diverse fields because of Amirim,” says Shaul Druckmann, who with shared methodologies and a common language also majored in physics, and graduated cum laude in of communication, is a relatively new phenomenon December 2004. in academia. At the Hebrew University, though, the “I gained a lot from the program,” says Druckmann, Amirim honors program — now in its eighteenth a former combat officer. “People in the humanities year — has been nurturing a new generation of and the sciences look at problems differently. But scholars that is primed for convergence. without knowing both approaches, you miss the full An interdisciplinary program based in the Faculty intellectual scope of the world. Amirim has influenced of Humanities, Amirim identifies new students with and enriched my life. In today’s technologically oriented the potential for excellence. It then provides them world, we need to devote more time to considering with a broad-based education whose curriculum on what it means to be a human being.” For Druckmann, major world cultures covers Western, Jewish, Muslim this entailed studying art and art history for a year and Eastern literature, philosophy, art and history, in in Florence, Italy, as well as taking courses in addition to introductions to historical thinking, scientific Italian literature. methodology, anthropology, linguistics and law. A Today a student in the prestigious Jack and rigorous study course in terms of reading and writing, Alice Ormut Doctoral Program in Brain Research: Amirim demands significantly more time from its Computation and Information Processing at the students than other undergraduate programs. University’s Interdisciplinary Center for Neural The program’s annual intake of 25 students is Computation, Druckmann is applying what he learned carefully selected from the top two percent of first-year not only in physics — but also in Amirim — to his work. applicants. Participation is considered one major in the Using a supercomputer to create a model of a rat’s dual major bachelor’s degree program. “Our students brain at an unprecedented level of detail, he hopes to reflect a wide variety of intellectual interests and areas provide an innovative tool for exploring the causes of of study in the natural sciences, social sciences and various brain disorders. humanities,” says Dr. David Satran, Amirim’s academic This commitment to learning and boundless head. “Likewise, our teaching staff is composed of intellectual curiosity exemplify the qualities with which outstanding scholars drawn from a broad range of the Amirim graduates embark on their advanced studies University’s departments and disciplines.” and professional careers. Talia Greenblatt is a first-year Amirim student who is also majoring in political science. “Amirim attracted me because it is designed for people who are intellectually curious. The small seminar classes and the academic papers we are required to write on a variety of subjects encourage us to develop our own ideas. For me, Amirim is about the love of learning.” Most Amirim students continue on to graduate Prof. Eli Keshet Prof. Orna Amster-Choder Prof. Raymond Kaempfer Dr. Yael Stern-Bach Dr. Otniel E. Dror Medical Sciences

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PROFESSOR ELI KESHET Vascular Systems

Imagine a day when physicians will be able to treat “Angiogenesis is helpful in most types of heart cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death in disease caused by blocked blood vessels in the heart,” the Western world, by pharmacological, rather than he says. “Currently, the only treatment for this situation surgical, procedures. Such a scenario may not be so is bypass surgery. Our work on animal models has far removed thanks to research being conducted by shown that it is possible to initiate growth of new Professor Eli Keshet, the Woll Sisters and Brothers blood vessels to bypass blocked ones. This holds out professor of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Faculty the promise of an alternative approach to surgery in of Medicine. treating humans.” Indeed, the pharmacological use of Keshet, who did all three of his degrees at the VEGF to promote growth of collateral blood vessels is Hebrew University and his postdoctoral studies at the now in the human clinical trial stage. University of Wisconsin under the late Nobel Prize On the flip side, antiangiogenesis can be of benefit laureate Prof. Howard Temin, has been studying in both treating cancer and preventing blinding retinal the vascular system and the mechanisms of blood diseases. “Cancer cells are dependent on a constant vessel formation for over two decades. His long- supply of fresh oxygen carried by the blood vessels,” term research has revealed the elaborate controls Keshet says. “Tumors usually induce VEGF to recruit of a protein factor called VEGF (vascular endothelial new blood vessels. If we can inhibit angiogenesis, growth factor), which initiates the creation of new then we can effectively starve the tumor to death. blood vessels in the body. Indeed, his studies exemplify This approach is already in human clinical use for the essential relationship between basic and applied colorectal cancer and is now being extended to breast science: they have provided the basis for treatments and lung cancers. Our laboratory is continuing work for cardiovascular problems, for the development of on animal models to learn how to further improve cancer-fighting drugs and for therapies for retinal antiangiogenesis tumor therapy.” diseases — and they continue to offer the basis for Likewise, retinal diseases — the leading cause of new therapies in these areas. blindness — are caused by excessive and abnormal “The research being conducted in our laboratory blood vessel growth, meaning that inhibition of VEGF has two aims,” says Keshet. “Our first objective is to can be a useful approach. Indeed, antiangiogenesis elucidate the molecular mechanism by which VEGF is already used for treating age-related macular promotes blood vessel formation. Then, using the degeneration and other retinal diseases. Undoubtedly, new knowledge gained from this basic research, Prof. Eli Keshet is helping to create a future in which we attempt to manipulate blood vessel growth in some of today’s most widespread health problems no pathological circumstances.” longer pose a threat. Keshet, an internationally recognized and prize- winning researcher who received Israel’s prestigious EMET Prize in the Life Sciences in 2006, explains that the latter endeavor is achieved using two diametrically opposed approaches: angiogenesis which involves stimulating the creation of new blood vessels and antiangiogenesis which requires inhibition of blood vessel formation.

Medical Sciences 23

PROFESSOR ORNA AMSTER-CHODER The Beauty of Bacteria

For Professor Orna Amster-Choder, communication to environmental cues very efficiently. Using E. coli is the key to success. As a molecular biologist, she bacteria, we’ve shown that two groups of molecules — examines the mechanisms that allow cells to receive the membrane-based sensor that receives the initial signals and respond to them. As the head of a busy signal and the regulator that gives the final ‘go-ahead’ laboratory in the Faculty of Medicine’s Department of to gene expression — cluster together at the cell Molecular Biology, she engenders excitement among membrane until a signal is received. They then break her students — including a doctoral student who apart, subtly changing the regulator’s structure and garnered one of the academic world’s most coveted thereby priming it to do its job effectively.” awards. And as the former co-chair of the Hebrew Such basic research has important practical University’s Authority for Research Students, she has implications. “We recently discovered a novel disease- sought to improve communication within the complex triggering mechanism in pathogenic E. coli that causes administrative system that tracks the progress of over urinary tract infections, which is structurally similar to 2,500 doctoral students on four campuses. our sensor-regulator complex,” says Amster-Choder. “Doctoral candidates are the jewel in the academic “Using ‘knock-out’ and ‘gene chip’ technology, we crown,” says Amster-Choder, whose initiatives identified the specific genes involved and we are now included: guaranteeing excellence through higher working to develop new tools to treat and prevent admittance criteria for applicants; allowing outstanding bacterial infections, a task that has become increasingly students who have published in prestigious journals to difficult due to widespread antibiotic resistance.” defend their dissertations publicly rather than relying Further benefits emanating from Amster-Choder’s on anonymous reviewers; and a computerization laboratory are exemplified by the work of Dr. Qing project to allow the Authority and doctoral students to Chen, a former doctoral student who was one of communicate better and to track the highly individual six winners of the prestigious 2003 Prize for Young requirements for completing a doctoral degree. Scientists, awarded annually by Amersham Biosciences In her own research, Prof. Amster-Choder studies and Science magazine for an outstanding doctoral cross-membrane communication in cells, examining dissertation. Chen today works on bacterial models as how outside stimuli trigger gene expression. She works part of a biodefense research group at the Walter Reed with a model that allows her to follow an extended Army Institute of Research. cascade of events — starting with the recognition of “The beauty of bacteria is that it’s a simple system signals by a sensor in the membrane, and ending with that provides clear answers to basic and universal the “decision” to produce a specific gene-based protein questions,” says Prof. Amster-Choder. “By clarifying deep within the cell. how cells work under normal circumstances, we stand This “long view”, says Amster-Choder, led her to a better chance of finding therapies that can help us discover previously-overlooked interactions between when biological processes go wrong.” components of the signaling cascade. “The old ‘simplistic’ view assumed that signaling proteins diffuse inside the cell, eventually binding with each other and prompting an action,” she says. “But this seems to contradict something else we know — that the gene-making machinery responds

Medical Sciences 25

PROFESSOR RAYMOND KAEMPFER Immunity Enhancement

Moving targets are hard to hit, and nowhere is this overactive immune response, such as diabetes and truer than in the fight against biological threats — new, rheumatoid arthritis. deadly germs are emerging at an increasing pace and The potential of RNA stress sensors for biodefense can even be engineered with relative ease. This means is intriguing. “It’s impossible to fully anticipate the that new toxic agents might be released well before an biological threats that might be directed against antidote or protective vaccine is in hand. But according us,” says Kaempfer, a prominent member of the to Professor Raymond Kaempfer, the Dr. Philip Marcus US biodefense establishment since designing the professor of Molecular Biology and Cancer Research first drug capable of blocking the activity of a family in the Faculty of Medicine, there is hope: the strategy, of lethal toxins feared as biological weapons. “Our he says, is to stop chasing moving targets, and instead, ‘host-oriented’ approach potentially solves a central focus on the human body itself. biodefense problem by giving us the means to enhance “Traditional medicine targets the pathogens,” the body’s natural immune response, no matter what says Kaempfer, a Dutch-born biologist who trained the nature of the invading organism.” at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and taught Kaempfer’s worldwide reputation was established at Harvard before joining the Hebrew University in by his work on superantigens — toxins that kill humans 1974. “Pathogens, however, change — a vaccine within days by triggering a massive over-reaction of the against influenza will not be effective once the flu body’s immune system. In 2005 Kaempfer’s lab won virus mutates, and bacteria become resistant to the largest competitive grant ever made to an Israeli antibiotic medication. Our approach is to target man institution by the US National Institutes of Health in himself, rather than the pathogens. Specifically, we’ve order to continue studying drug-based superantigen discovered a molecular ‘lever’ that can be made to therapy. Now, his work on RNA stress sensors points strengthen — or weaken — man’s immune response toward another answer to deadly threats. where needed.” A child survivor of the Holocaust, Kaempfer moved The “lever” is a tiny element present in the genes to Israel in order to “do good science in a place of coding for interferon (IFN) and tumor necrosis factor significance for the Jewish people.” Today, his research (TNF), two proteins that are essential for protective is making a significant contribution to the survival of immunity. Prof. Kaempfer discovered that these others — in Israel, and around the globe. proteins are strongly modulated by what he calls “RNA sensors of stress” that respond to the presence of pathogens by “turning up” IFN and TNF production, and “turning it down” when the danger has passed. These findings present a new paradigm for disease treatment, in which Kaempfer’s immunity-modulating elements might be used to adjust the way the human immune system responds to specific threats. For example, an increase in IFN and TNF — known to play a role in preventing tumor growth — might provide protection against cancer; a decrease might act against autoimmune conditions characterized by an

Medical Sciences 27

DR. YAEL STERN-BACH Cell-to-Cell Communication

Since 1995, when she returned to Israel from her structural level and during channel formation and postdoctoral studies at the Salk Institute for Biological placement in the neurons, is of prime importance in Studies in La Jolla, California, Dr. Yael Stern-Bach understanding the activity of the brain in general and has been studying a group of proteins that reside in in neurodegenerative diseases in particular,” Stern- the membranes of brain neurons and mediate cell- Bach says. “We are trying to answer these important to-cell communication within the brain. Her aim is to questions through the integration of methods in gain a better understanding of brain development and electrophysiology and molecular biology. cognitive activities such as learning and memory. “In our research, we express these ion channels in “The goal of our laboratory is to elucidate how these mammalian tissue cultures and frog oocytes under proteins function in order to better comprehend health conditions that mimic the natural environment of the and disease,” says the energetic mother of two, who brain,” she says. “From our elucidation of channel is a senior lecturer at the Division of Anatomy and Cell function in a simpler isolated system, we can draw Biology in the Institute of Basic Dental Sciences in the conclusions about the brain in mammals. Faculty of Dental Medicine. “In the long-term, once we have a full understanding Stern-Bach, who received all her degrees from of these mechanisms, we will be able to use this new the Hebrew University, is focusing on amino acid knowledge for rational drug design and for creating glutamate, the primary mediator of excitatory cell-to- drugs that either inhibit or stimulate cell-to-cell cell communication between neurons in the central communication,” Stern-Bach says. Indeed, inhibitors nervous system. During cell-to-cell communication, might be desirable in the case of epilepsy where there small molecules such as glutamate are released by is an excess of brain activity, while stimulators could one cell and act on an adjacent cell — channels in the be used in the design of smart drugs that could help cell membrane are opened as a result of glutamate overcome memory loss and stimulate cognitive activity. binding and these enable controlled entry of sodium and calcium ions. In cases of channel over-activity or uncontrolled entry of calcium, the outcome is the death of most of the cells. This phenomenon, known as glutamate toxicity, is directly linked to the acute damage caused by trauma and stroke, as well as chronic conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, epilepsy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease). Outside the central nervous system, these glutamate-gated ion channels have a number of other functions. They are involved in the secretion of insulin in pancreas cells, bone absorption in osteoblastic cells, and the transmission of pain and the sense of taste with respect to monosodium glutamate. “Understanding the activating mechanisms of these channels and their regulation, both at the

Medical Sciences 29

DR. OTNIEL E. DROR Science and A Caring Ethic

Over 400 researchers are affiliated with the Hebrew “The blush was linked with morality,” says Dror, University’s Faculty of Medicine. But while all these explaining that nineteenth-century scientists quantified professionals share a deep commitment to human blush based on studies of “inexperienced” female health, only one faculty member approaches nude models who posed for artists and whose level of medicine from the perspective of the humanities. embarrassment formed a blush-based baseline for Meet Dr. Otniel E. Dror, Head of the History of Medicine further studies of the emotions. In the twentieth century, Unit and the incumbent of the Joel Wilbush Chair in however, focus shifted away from the female toward Medical Anthropology. a male-centric model in which scientists examined “Our present work is to a large extent determined surging adrenaline levels in men — studies in which by the values and conceptual frameworks of the past — images of the female nude again played a pivotal role. that’s why it is vital to make the humanities part of According to Dror, this shift represented a new doctors’ training,” says Dror, an MD from Ben-Gurion understanding of what constitutes emotion. “Today, in a University of the Negev who also studied at the society that values high-intensity sports, we understand Sorbonne and received his doctorate in history from the adrenaline ‘rush’ ­— something Darwin connected Princeton University before joining the Faculty of with the fight for survival — as pleasure. This would Medicine in 2000. have been inconceivable 150 years ago.” This concept is currently being incorporated into Dror’s career path exemplifies what happens when the medical school curriculum, and students will soon one looks at oneself differently. Trained in the natural be required to take humanities courses. Dror, who sciences, he found that in order to succeed in the leads the teaching of ethics at the Hebrew University’s humanities, he had to relearn everything, from the Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, says that this nature of “proof” and “evidence” to how to compose a broader educational approach promotes an improved good academic paper in the humanities. Dror — whose professional culture. “Learning about the cultural name means “freedom” in Hebrew — has found his context of medical practice builds empathy for the academic explorations liberating. people and animals we aim to serve and makes for “There is nothing like the intellectual freedom of the better doctors,” he says. “It promotes a caring ethic.” humanities,” he says, adding that he is energized by the Dror’s own research focuses on the intersection history of medicine’s ability to guide medical decision- between modern science and caring from a different making in the modern world. “By recognizing the forces angle — the historical study of human emotions. that led to our way of seeing both our patients and “I look at how scientists characterized emotions in the ourselves, we can break free of preconceptions and, nineteenth and twentieth centuries,” he says. Cultural indeed, do better medicine.” changes during this period parallel a paradigm shift in the scientific study of emotion, says Dror — from the focus during the nineteenth century on the blush as an “objective” indicator of excitement to the scientific fascination with adrenaline in the twentieth century. This study forms the basis of his upcoming book Blush, Adrenaline, Excitement: Modernity and the Study of Emotions, 1860-1940. Outstanding New Faculty

34Investments In The Future New Faculty 31

Dr. Daniel Harries Dr. Ora Furman (Schueler) Dr. Hagai Eisenberg Dr. Ori Eyal Senior Lecturer, Department of Lecturer, Department Senior Lecturer, Racah Institute Lecturer, School of Education. Physical Chemistry. PhD, The of Molecular Genetics & of Physics. PhD, Weizmann PhD, The Hebrew University of Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Biotechnology. PhD, The Hebrew Institute of Science. Postdoctoral Jerusalem Postdoctoral studies, NICHD, University of Jerusalem. studies, University of California, National Institutes of Health Postdoctoral studies, University Santa Barbara of Washington

Dr. Eyal Fridman Dr. Sergio Herzog Dr. Omri Gat Dr. Lilach Nir Senior Lecturer, Robert H. Smith Senior Lecturer, Institute of Senior Lecturer, Racah Lecturer, Departments Institute of Plant Sciences & Criminology. PhD, The Hebrew Institute of Physics. PhD, of Political Science and Genetics in Agriculture. PhD, The University of Jerusalem. Weizmann Institute of Science. Communication. PhD, University Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Formerly, Lecturer, University Postdoctoral studies, University of Pennsylvania. Postdoctoral Postdoctoral studies, University of Haifa of Geneva and Technion – Israel research, University of of Michigan Institute of Technology Pennsylvania

Dr. Hila Keren Dr. Meir Hatina Dr. Yuval Harari Dr. Doron Teichman Lecturer, Faculty of Law. PhD, Lecturer, Department of Islamic Lecturer, Department of Lecturer, Faculty of Law. The Hebrew University of & Middle Eastern Studies. PhD, History. PhD, University of SJD, University of Michigan. Jerusalem. Postdoctoral studies, Tel Aviv University. Postdoctoral Oxford. Postdoctoral studies, Postdoctoral studies, University University of California, Berkeley studies, University of Chicago independent Yad Hanadiv Fellow of Texas 32 New Faculty

Dr. Mona Khoury-Kassabri Dr. Nir Keren Dr. Anat Maril Prof. Boris Rubinsky Lecturer, Baerwald School of Senior Lecturer, Department of Lecturer, Departments of Professor, Selim & Rachel Social Work & Social Welfare. Plant & Environmental Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Benin School of Engineering PhD, The Hebrew University of Institute of Life Sciences. Science. PhD, Harvard University. & Computer Science. PhD, Jerusalem. Postdoctoral studies, PhD, The Hebrew University of Postdoctoral studies, Harvard Massachusetts Institute of University of Chicago and The Jerusalem. Postdoctoral studies, Medical School Technology. Formerly, Professor, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Washington University in Saint University of California, Berkeley Louis

Dr. Dan Marom Dr. Dalit Sela-Donenfeld Dr. Ari Matmon Dr. Dana Porrat Senior Lecturer, Department of Lecturer, Koret School of Senior Lecturer, Institute Lecturer, Selim & Rachel Applied Physics, Selim & Rachel Veterinary Medicine. PhD, The of Earth Sciences. PhD, The Benin School of Engineering Benin School of Engineering Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Hebrew University of Jerusalem. & Computer Science. PhD, & Computer Science. PhD, Postdoctoral studies, The Hebrew Postdoctoral studies, University Stanford University. Postdoctoral University of California, San University of Jerusalem and of Vermont. Formerly, Research studies, University of California, Diego. Formerly, Member, National Institute for Medical Geologist, U.S. Geological Survey Berkeley and Technion – Israel Technical Staff, Bell Labs, Lucent Research, London Institute of Technology Technologies

Dr. Yael Mishael Dr. Iftah Yovel Dr. Michael Segal Dr. Moshe Shayo Lecturer, Department of Soil Lecturer, Department of Lecturer, Department of Bible Lecturer, Department of & Water Science. PhD, The Psychology. PhD, Northwestern Studies. PhD, The Hebrew Economics. PhD, Princeton Hebrew University of Jerusalem. University. Postdoctoral studies, University of Jerusalem. University Postdoctoral studies, Indiana Massachusetts General Hospital/ Postdoctoral studies, Yale University-Purdue University Harvard Medical School University New Faculty 33

Dr. Aziza Khazzoom Dr. Guy Sella Dr. Yeala Shaked Dr. Eli Pikarsky Lecturer, Department of Lecturer, Department of Lecturer, Institute of Earth Senior Lecturer, Department of Sociology & Anthropology. Evolution, Systematics & Sciences and Interuniversity Pathology. MD, PhD, The Hebrew PhD, University of California, Ecology. PhD, Tel Aviv University. Institute for Marine Sciences. University of Jerusalem Berkeley. Postdoctoral studies, Postdoctoral studies, Weizmann PhD, The Hebrew University of Tel Aviv University. Formerly, Institute of Science and The Jerusalem. Postdoctoral studies, Assistant Professor, University Hebrew University of Jerusalem Princeton University of California, Los Angeles

Dr. Richard Sosis Dr. Roy Shenhar Dr. Yaron Ben-Naeh Dr. Margit Cohn Senior Lecturer, Department Senior Lecturer, Institute of Senior Lecturer, Department Senior Lecturer, Faculty of of Sociology & Anthropology. Chemistry. PhD, The Hebrew of History of the Jewish People. Law and Federmann School of PhD, University of New Mexico. University of Jerusalem. PhD, The Hebrew University Public Policy & Government. Additional appointment, Postdoctoral studies, University of Jerusalem. Postdoctoral LLD, The Hebrew University Associate Professor, University of of Massachusetts, Amherst and studies, Mandel Scholar, Scholion of Jerusalem. Postdoctoral Connecticut Technion – Israel Institute of Interdisciplinary Research research, University of Oxford. Technology Center, The Hebrew University Formerly, Lecturer, University of of Jerusalem and University of Leicester Pennsylvania

Dr. Yuval Shany Dr. Sharon Zuckerman Senior Lecturer, Hersch Lecturer, Institute of Archaeology. Lauterpacht Chair in Public PhD, The Hebrew University of International Law, Faculty of Jerusalem. Postdoctoral studies, Law. PhD, University of London. Harvard University Postdoctoral studies, Harvard University RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

Neuroscientist Dr. Adi Mizrahi is the type of researcher during the 2005/2006 academic year, from just under who represents the future of the Hebrew University. $90 million to almost $100 million (see Table 4, page Since joining its Faculty of Science in 2004, Mizrahi has 48). Some 44 percent of these funds came from Israeli assembled a state-of-the-art laboratory that uses sources and the rest from overseas. two-photon microscopy plus a team of outstanding Israeli funding agencies provided $40 million for new graduate students to study the development and research projects in 2005/2006. Although comparable plasticity of neurons and neuronal networks. They are to previous years, these funding levels have become using a combined approach of molecular tools and increasingly hard to maintain due to further in vivo neuroimaging methods that were developed government budget cuts. The main funding source was during Mizrahi’s postdoctoral studies at Duke University. the Israel Science Foundation (ISF) which allocated A central research focus is a population of regenerating $16 million to 450 projects lasting three to four years. neurons, unique nerve cells that develop into the The ISF also launched the first round of its Morasha olfactory bulb — responsible for smell — of mice. program, in cooperation with the Legacy Heritage Fund, Mizrahi and his team are seeking to elucidate why for Israeli universities to recruit new researchers and and how some, but not all, neurons in the adult for a research center in complexity sciences. Significant brain regenerate. funding from the Ministry of Defense was directed University faculty are currently engaged in 3,453 to projects at the Benin School of Engineering and research projects, of which 428 commenced this year. Computer Science. The University’s Yissum Technology They continue to win one-third of all competitive grants Transfer Company provided $9.5 million. in Israel and conduct one-third of all civilian research. In 2005/2006, the Johnson & Johnson Corporate The Authority for Research and Development reports a Office of Science and Technology joined forces with significant increase of research and development funds Yissum to provide generous funds for innovative Research Activities 35 research ideas with significant potential. An additional foundations BSF and BARD. A total of 281 proposals $20 million in internal grants was provided, including were submitted to US funding agencies during $1 million for donor-sponsored projects such as this period. the Lejwa Trust for Biochemical Research, the Emil Through its participation in the European Union’s Gross Foundation, the Milton Rosenbaum Foundation four-year Sixth Framework Research Program (FP6), for Psychiatric Research, the Alberto Moscona Fund the University has been awarded $33 million for and the David and Betty Feffer Gift for Treatment of 98 ongoing projects. This represents a substantial Neurodegenerative Diseases. Interdisciplinary centers increase compared to the Fifth Framework (FP5) which receiving support included the Harvey M. Krueger awarded a total of $20 million to 91 projects. The Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, FP6 projects include, among others, patient-friendly the Eric Roland Center for Neurodegenerative cancer screening methods, DNA-based nano-electronic Diseases, the recently established Center for devices and development strategies for generating Converging Sciences and Technologies and the insulin-producing beta cells for the treatment of Louis Frieberg Center for East Asian Studies and diabetes. Seven of the multi-European-partner projects the Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation. are coordinated by the University. Applications are Total support for these special centers amounted being submitted for the first round of the Seventh to $854,000. Framework Program which commenced in 2007. A During 2005/2006, a total of $7.3 million in grants further $1 million was provided by other European was awarded by US funding bodies. For the first time funding bodies in non-German speaking countries. in many years, a researcher received a grant from the Some 326 research projects, 59 of them new, received US Air Force. Other new funding bodies included the funding of $12.6 million from German agencies during US Department of Homeland Security, the Goldhirsch 2005/2006, mainly from the Minerva Foundation of the Foundation, the Morris Animal Foundation and the Max Planck Society, the German-Israel Foundation Prostate Cancer Foundation. Two USAID Cooperative for Scientific Research and Development (GIF), the Development Research grants were awarded for Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the German- projects with overseas partners in South Africa and Israeli Project Cooperation (DIP), the German Federal Mozambique and in Georgia; there was a 15 percent Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Fritz increase in grants from binational American-Israeli Thyssen Foundation and the Volkswagen Foundation.

Breakdown of Research Proposal Submissions, 2005/2006

Medicine – 26% Engineering & Computer Science – 1% Humanities – 8% Social Sciences – 6% Dental Medicine – 2% Law – 1% Education – 5% Natural Sciences – 36% Agriculture – 13 % Business Administration – 1% Social Work – 1% (From left) Dr. Debbie Shalev, Dr. Mario Lebendiker, Dr. Tsafi Danieli and Dr. Yael Domovich, laboratory heads at the Wolfson Centre for Applied Structural Biology, Faculty of Science, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram

INTERDEPARTMENTAL EQUIPMENT UNITS

Scientists are increasingly in need of sophisticated (polymerase chain reaction) and two DNA microarray equipment. From agriculture to zoology, they are systems, enables genomic analysis and provides using electron microscopes, spectrometers, digital experimental and computational information to Israel’s photography, chromographs and other advanced academic, clinical and technological sectors. The unit, technological tools for research involving genome which currently supports the work of 250 research analysis, gene expression, protein purification, organic groups, has proven vital to Israel’s utilization of the vast and inorganic analysis, and smart drug design. While data produced by the Human Genome Project as well these tools are essential, they are often prohibitively as to its ability to conduct groundbreaking research for costly for individual researchers or research groups, the Project’s next stages. they must be constantly updated and their operation Also at the Safra campus is the Wolfson Centre usually requires professional and technical expertise for Applied Structural Biology which facilitates beyond that of academic researchers. Cognizant the study of structures of highly complex, three- that excellent research depends on cutting-edge dimensional molecules — especially important in drug infrastructures, the Hebrew University operates design and development — via four laboratories, staffed three interdepartmental equipment units at its by a total of five professionals. The NMR spectroscopy Faculty of Science on the Edmond J. Safra Campus, laboratory, which serves 15 research groups, as well as interdepartmental equipment units at its comprises a $1 million device that determines — at Ein Kerem and Rehovot campuses. atomic resolution — the three-dimensional structure The Center for Genomic Technologies at the of proteins, peptides, RNA and DNA in solution. The Faculty of Science is a national center for genome NMR spectrometer is used to investigate molecular infrastructure and has a staff of six. Its equipment, structure, kinetics and dynamics, plus the inhibition, which includes a DNA sequencer, a real-time PCR regulation and stimulation of molecular activity which Interdepartmental Equipment Units 37 is a basis of drug design. The X-ray crystallography The Unit provides an array of highly advanced equipment laboratory helps researchers understand how proteins that is unique in Israel, including electron microscopy; work by elucidating their three-dimensional structure. scanning probe microscopy; X-ray characterization and The lab is equipped with a crystallization robot, advanced surface-chemical analysis; and equipment for temperature-controlled incubators, microscopes and specimen preparation for these machines. state-of-the-art data collection assemblies, including a At the Faculty of Agricultural, Food and cryo-temperature device for data collection at -170°C. Environmental Quality Sciences on the Rehovot The Wolfson Centre’s protein expression and campus, the Interdepartmental Equipment Unit purification laboratories comprise Israel’s only facility suffered a devastating fire in early 2007 and is conducting comprehensive cloning and protein undergoing extensive renovations. While the Unit’s production in insect cells, also serving as a gene confocal microscopy, electron microscopy and construction and protein expression and purification microanalysis facilities were undamaged, its staff of training center. The protein expression laboratory 10 will soon resume providing researchers with the specializes in bacterial, insect and mammalian cell complete spectrum of organic and inorganic analysis expression and in vitro translation systems, which facilities. These include two laboratories established supply the expression and modification requirements with the support of the Wolfson Foundation: a mass for a large variety of proteins. The protein purification spectrometry lab with cutting-edge instruments for laboratory offers a complete and fully automated metabolic, proteomic and environmental research; liquid chromatography system that provides large and an element analysis lab. quantities of highly purified proteins for researchers and The Core Facility Unit at the Ein Kerem medical students, as well as biotechnology and pharmaceutical campus is staffed by 10 professionals who serve companies. By preparing suitable samples for structure researchers in medicine, pharmacology and dentistry. determination utilizing the X-ray crystallography or NMR In the past two years, the Faculty of Medicine, with spectroscopy labs, or for biochemical studies, it offers support from the Orion Foundation and the Wolfson researchers a vital service. Foundation, has significantly upgraded its facilities Also located at the Edmond J. Safra Campus is the through the acquisition of state-of-the-art equipment, Unit for Nanoscopic Characterization at the Harvey which includes a DNA microarray laboratory and M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and a mass spectrometer for protein sequencing. The Nanotechnology. The Unit is staffed by a team of seven Unit’s flow-cytometry laboratory also has undergone who offer advanced microscopy and chemical analyses extensive renovations, including the acquisition of two that enable characterization of nanometric structures. new machines.

Chromographs • PCR • Spectrometers Electron Microscopy • DNA Microarray Systems Temperature-controlled Incubators Nadia Melishav, a student in the Matriculation Preparatory Program, Unit for Social Involvement, Dean of Students Office, Mount Scopus Campus

STUDENT LIFE

Student enrollment figures remained stable during adjustments such as wheelchair-level computer 2006/2007, with a steady level of doctoral candidates stations and appropriate service from librarians. Two (2,650) though a slight fall in master’s students (7,050). support groups were recently established for students Of the total enrollment of just under 24,000 students, with hearing or visual impairments; the Dean of there are 12,000 undergraduates with the remaining Students website is being made fully accessible for students enrolled at the Rothberg International School, those with disabilities; hearing aids have been lent to the Joseph Saltiel Center for Pre-Academic Studies dozens of students; and courses scheduled to be held and in non-academic courses. in inaccessible classrooms have been relocated. Cognizant of its mission to ensure student welfare, The Dean of Students Office similarly operates a unit the Dean of Students this year established a unit for for students with learning difficulties, which assists accessibility services. The only such unit at an Israeli 300 of the 800 students in this category. The unit’s university, it seeks to provide special-needs students coordinator ensures allowances for students, such with equal access to all services, programs and as extra time in exams and assistance with reading. activities of the Hebrew University. As part of its efforts to raise awareness of the impact The unit’s coordinator, who receives ongoing of learning difficulties, a one-day seminar was held guidance from the Commissioner for Equality for for administrative staff providing student services in People with Disabilities at the Ministry of Justice, works departmental secretariats. In conjunction with the with a wide range of students for whom accessibility Planning and Budgeting Committee of the Council for is mitigated by physical impairment, chronic illness Higher Education (CHE), the University is planning to such as diabetes or cerebral palsy or psychological establish a national center for the diagnosis of learning disorders. She is also working closely with various difficulties which will standardize testing procedures units within the University and recommending within Israel. Student Life 39

The Dean of Students Office is likewise expanding updates from the Provost. the activities of its Psychological Counseling Service. Enrollment at RIS in 2006/2007 stands at 2,090 An office is due to open at the Edmond J. Safra Campus students: 94% of the 394 undergraduates, 58% of the at Givat Ram, a second office opened on the Mount 285 graduates and 54% of the 1,136 ulpan students are Scopus campus at the Faculty of Law and the Rothberg from North America. Of the 275 immigrant students in International School (RIS) hired a full-time psychologist. the Mechina (Preparatory Program), 28% come from Guidance and advice is to be offered to University Western Europe and 31% from Eastern Europe. Over 300 administrative units that interface with students. students receive scholarships through the Masa project, This year, the CHE allocated funds to encourage the highest number among Israeli universities. community involvement among students. Faculties New developments at RIS include three additional and RIS submitted proposals for new community science courses and the Summer Institute in Israel involvement programs and the most promising ideas Studies in the Division of Undergraduate Studies. were adopted for immediate implementation. Several cooperative programs with US universities Many students returned to their studies this year, are being planned — summer and spring semester having done emergency reserve duty during last programs for undergraduates at Harvard University, summer’s Second Lebanon War. For some, this meant plus summer programs for students at Brooklyn having to forgo summer jobs that help them finance College (‘Israel: Then and Now’) and at CUNY’s their tuition, others were unable to take exams or meet Macaulay Honors College (‘Jerusalem: City as Text’). deadlines for papers. In all these cases, academic and Four RIS students are participating in the ‘Living financial accommodations were made, including extra Jerusalem’ course, in which students at Ohio State sittings for exams, extended deadlines and exemptions University, Al-Quds University and the Hebrew from dormitory fees. University study together via videoconferencing. There During the war, RIS hosted close to 150 overseas has been significant interest in the new masters students, and their teachers, from Haifa University’s program in Community Leadership and Philanthropy summer intensive Hebrew courses (ulpanim). RIS’s Studies, a joint project of RIS and the Paul Baerwald own summer programs were unaffected by the war; School of Social Work and Social Welfare, which will both students and their parents received weekly open in the next academic year.

Student Enrollment 2004/2005-2006/2007*

14,000

12,000

10.000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

0 Total 06\07 06\07 06\07 06\07 06\07 23,726 05\06 05\06 05\06 05\06 05\06 23,888 04\05 04\05 04\05 04\05 04\05 23,890 1st degree 2nd degree 3rd degree Postdoctoral Other**

* Mid-academic year Non-experimental Experimental Other ** Includes Rothberg International School, pre-academic and non-degree students Second-year chemistry students (above) getting hands-on experience in the state-of-the-art facilities of the recently completed Student Laboratory Building (opposite) on the Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

The provision of optimal environments for its permits have been submitted and specifications for researchers and students is a priority of the Hebrew tenders are being prepared. University. Not only must students and researchers At the Edmond J. Safra Campus at Givat Ram, continue to be attracted to the campuses, but the excavations and preparation of the site for pouring University must also maintain its levels of excellence. the foundations of the new Rothberg Family Complex, On the Mount Scopus campus, the new academic which will house the Selim and Rachel Benin School year marked the opening of the Scopus Student Village. of Engineering and Computer Science, have begun. The first seven buildings of the complex, which were Specifications for tenders are currently being prepared, completed in record time, provide housing for some with an initial focus on the building’s basement, 1,000 students; the remaining four buildings were mechanical rooms and car park. Due to commence completed in April 2007 and will be in full use from the shortly is the expansion of the sports complex of the beginning of the 2007/2008 academic year. Also at the Howard and Mary Edith Cosell Association for Physical Mount Scopus campus, tenders have been published Education, Leisure and Health Promotion, which will for the second stage of the Annette and Theodore add some additional 1,400 sq. m. for gymnasium space Lerner Family Indoor Sports Complex, which will and a spa to the existing pool area. This project will comprise an additional 1,500 sq. m. of gymnasium significantly upgrade the complex’s facilities and give space; work is due to commence at the end of 2008. it a competitive edge among Jerusalem’s sport and The new main entrance to the Mount Scopus campus, leisure venues. a gift of Honorary Chairman of the Board of Governors A large number of physical development projects Alex Grass which will create a distinctive and imposing are underway at the Ein Kerem medical campus. main entrance to the campus, is at the advanced Construction of the Octav and Marcela Botnar Building, planning stage. Applications for municipal building which will house part of the new Institute for Medical Physical development 41

Research (IMR), is at the advanced stage. In the first laboratories, a 250-seat auditorium and seminar stage of this project, the entire structure of the six- rooms; the third floor will provide students and faculty story, 14,000 sq. m. building is under construction with workout facilities. Completion of the building is and its top two floors are due to be fully completed for due by November 2007. occupancy by August 2008. The remaining four floors At the Rehovot campus — and in the wake of the and auditoria will be completed in the second stage of success of its first phase — a second stage of the the project. A project to construct a new 1,000 sq. m. Robert H. Smith Plant Growth Center and its facility for highly sophisticated medical imaging tools, state-of-the-art greenhouses is at the planning stage. such as MRI scanners, is at the planning stage. A second stage of the new research building of the Also at the Faculty of Medicine, a floor of the Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, which will see Muriel and Philip I. Berman Medical Library has been two floors added, is also being pursued pending renovated to house the Stanley B. Prusiner Medical suitable funding. Information Center which will provide individual With the exception of the Edmond J. Safra Campus, students and study groups of various sizes with access the ongoing maintenance of the University’s campuses to computer terminals and electronic-mediated is a major concern. Due to the age of the campuses, information. At the Hebrew University-Hadassah there is a burgeoning demand for funds to cover School of Dental Medicine Founded by the Alpha maintenance expenses such as repairs and ad hoc Omega Fraternity, three floors of 550 sq. m. each are preventive solutions to ongoing problems. In order to being added to the Bella and Harry Wexner Building avoid these costs rising even further, funds must be for Dental Medicine; two floors will comprise research allocated to this area. The Yitzhak Rabin Building for the World Center of Jewish Studies (above), home of the Mandel Institute of Jewish Studies, Mount Scopus Campus. Vice-President for External Relations Avi Armoni (opposite)

THE CAMPAIGN

In October 1997, the Hebrew University and its Friends laboratories and equipment, and sports and other associations worldwide embarked on a $600 million physical facilities. In 1999, the University received the campaign, the largest ever undertaken by an Israeli largest single donation in its history, a generous gift by institution of higher learning. This October will mark Lily Safra in memory of her husband, in whose name the 10 years since the launch of the Campaign which, Edmond J. Safra Campus at Givat Ram was dedicated. under the leadership of Campaign Co-chairs Barbara The Campaign has continued to enrich the lives of Mandel and Harvey M. Krueger, initially with former students and researchers. Students on Mount Scopus vice-president Moshe Arad, far surpassed initial and can now live in the ultra-modern Scopus Student subsequent goals to raise over $1 billion dollars. This Village, use nearby brand new sports facilities at the crucial support has enabled the Hebrew University to Annette and Theodore Lerner Family Indoor Sports strengthen its programs, embark on new ventures and Complex, and prepare for their future contribution to build new facilities. society through a variety of new academic programs, Thanks to the combined efforts of the University’s ranging from the Gilo Center for Citizenship, administration and faculty, and Friends associations’ Democracy and Civic Education to the Revivim honors lay leaders and professional staff, the Campaign has program for the training of Jewish studies teachers changed the face and broadened the scope of the and the Federmann School of Public Policy and Hebrew University. With 12 major physical development Government. Overseas students attending the Rothberg projects under construction within the first year, the International School now study in the new Louis H. impact of the Campaign was felt from the outset. The Boyar Building. Recent additions to the Rehovot Campaign’s effect was increasingly evident over the campus include the Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant years — through increased scholarships, newly endowed Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture and the new home academic chairs, research funding, state-of-the-art for the Koret School of Veterinary Medicine. On the Ein The Campaign 43

Kerem campus, the Octav and Marcela Botnar Building, professionalism, and expanded outreach and activity, which will house the Institute for Medical Research, is rendering us well-poised to face new challenges.” under construction, and the new Stanley B. Prusiner The ties among Friends associations worldwide Medical Information Center has modernized the were strengthened significantly, thanks to the Muriel and Philip I. Berman Medical Library. The combined efforts of Harvey M. Krueger, Barbara Edmond J. Safra Campus has seen a number of Mandel and new Campaign Co-chair Michael cutting-edge academic initiatives, ranging from the Federmann. Over 30 lay leaders gathered in Israel Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience in November 2006 to share their vision and explore and Nanotechnology to the Selim and Rachel Benin common challenges. The participants deepened cross- School of Engineering and Computer Science. Across border friendships and emerged energized for their all campuses, the Ginges computer centers have been future work on both the local and international levels. revolutionizing how students study. (See p. 54 for a list The Hebrew University is on the verge of some very of Campaign gifts) important areas of growth and rejuvenation. Agricultural Under the leadership of Vice-President for External innovations, medical breakthroughs, new approaches Relations Avinoam Armoni, the past few years to the humanities and sciences, and increasingly have seen a steady growth in funds raised for the interdisciplinary research towards unlocking the University, the launch of the Scopus Student Village mysteries of the brain — all of these areas will have a and an increased focus on scholarships, as well as major impact on the future of humankind. the reorganization of the University’s fundraising Similarly, only the innovative synergy of the operations. In the last three months of 2006 alone, University’s friends around the world will ensure over $38 million dollars were raised — $19 million that these cutting-edge interdisciplinary academic more than the same period the previous year, and initiatives will have the resources to thrive and $6 million more than the previous quarter. “We see reinforce the standing of the Hebrew University as ongoing improvement in fundraising,” says Armoni. a leading institution of research and teaching on a “Our Friends associations around the world are global scale. experiencing an infusion of new leadership, increased Financial Report 2005/2006 Financial Report 45

FINANCIAL REPORT 2005/2006

The University ended the 2005/2006 fiscal year with As the Shochat Committee pursues its in-depth a balanced budget for the ninth consecutive year examination of Israel’s higher education system, despite ongoing cutbacks in government participation. there are hopes that its recommendations will give Indeed, over the past five years the direct contribution high-level recognition to today’s highly problematic of the government to the University’s operating budget situation and provide relief through increased has been reduced by over 20%. budgetary allocations to Israel’s universities. In response to this reduction in funds, the In reviewing the University’s financial activity on University continues to implement various cost- these pages, we relate to its operating results. The saving measures, including staff cuts and reductions figures presented cover all University operations and in expenses. Of course, the damage caused by such budgets. Budgets are divided into two categories: measures is evident throughout the University: in annual budgets comprise the regular budget (see the levels of academic and administrative services Table 3 for details of regular budget implementation) provided to students and faculty members and in the and the closed budget of several specific operations maintenance of campuses and physical infrastructure. such as the Rothberg International School and the The most significant impact is on the University’s Saltiel Center for Pre-Academic Studies. Multi-year ability to offer student support and provide the basic budgets include the research, development and equipment and research infrastructure that are special budgets. crucial to maintaining research levels. Financial reports for these multi-year budgets are A contributing factor in achieving a balanced generally represented on the basis of cash flow. operational budget in 2005/2006 was the sale of University-owned real estate that had significantly appreciated in value. Despite its success, this is clearly unreliable as a long-term strategy. Furthermore, the University can neither make more staff cuts nor reduce maintenance costs. Undoubtedly, the University urgently needs additional budgetary support from both the government and its Friends associations worldwide.

UNIVERSITY BUDGETS 2003/2004-2005/2006

The tables on these pages (all figures are in US $) and pensions (Table 1), 8% on scholarships, 5% on cover financial operations in 2005/2006, in comparison acquisitions such as books, basic equipment and to the two previous years. computers, and 21% on other expenditures such as Tables 1 and 2 cover overall operations in maintenance and utilities. expenditure and income for the 2003/2004-2005/2006 The University’s overall income in 2005/2006 period, showing the division of financial operations comprised 45% from government funding through the between various budgets. In 2005/2006, 68% of all Planning and Budgeting Committee of the Council for financial operations were within the regular budget Higher Education, 12% from tuition fees; 14% from the (Table 2), 14% within closed and special budgets, 15% Friends organizations; 2% from Endowment Funds; and within the research budget, and 3% within the 27% from other sources (approximately 50% of which development budget. came from research-funding agencies). It should be noted that in 2005/2006, 66% of the University’s overall expenditure was on salaries 46 Financial Report

TABLE 1 Expenditure & Income 2003/2004-2005/2006 (in US $ millions)

Expenditure 2005/2006 2004/2005 2003/2004 Salaries & Pensions 336 (66%) 306 (63%) 305 (65%) Acquisitions 25 (5%) 23 (5%) 24 (5%) Scholarships 40 (8%) 36 (7%) 36 (8%) Other 107 (21%) 121 (25%) 107 (22%) Total Expenditure* 508 (100%) 486 (100%) 472 (100%) Elimination of inter-budgetary items 33 38 26 Total Net Expenditure 475 448 446

Income Government (PBC) 229 (45%) 205 (44%) 212 (45%) Tuition Fees 59 (12%) 52 (11%) 52 (11%) Friends of HU** 71 (14%) 64 (14%) 80 (17%) Endowment Funds 10 (2%) 8 (1%) 9 (2%) Other 138 (27%) 141 (30%) 116 (25%) Total 507 (100%) 470 (100%) 469 (100%) Elimination of inter-budgetary items 24 26 26 Total Net Income 483 444 443

*This figure for 2005/2006 includes $(-)6.1 million of revaluation of balance sheet items that are not included in the current expenditure of the University, whereas the figure for 2004/2005 includes a revaluation of $3.3 million — this amount also includes a provision of $2 million for municipal taxes and $3 million to cover a development deficit. The actual current expenditure of the University decreased by NIS 22 million ($5 million) according to the dollar rate of 30 September 2006. The apparent increment between the years is due to the decrease in the dollar exchange rate by 6.44% between 30 September 2005 and 30 September 2006. The difference between expenditure and income is due to the presentation in $ values. The regular budget was balanced during the above years in ‘shekel terms’. **Does not include gifts to Endowment Funds; for total funds raised by Friends associations, see Table 6.

University Expenditure 2003/2004-2005/2006 University Income 2003/2004-2005/2006

70% 70%

60% 60%

50% 50%

40% 40%

30% 30%

20% 20%

10% 10%

0% 0% Salaries & Acquisitions Scholarships Other Gov’t Tuition Friends Endowment Other Pensions (PBC) Fees of HU Funds

2005/2006 2004/2005 2003/2004 Financial Report 47

TABLE 2 Allocation of Overall Budgetary Expenditure & Income 2003/2004-2005/2006 (in US $ millions)

Expenditure 2005/2006 2004/2005 2003/2004 Regular Budget* 346 (68%) 324 (67%) 326 (69%) Closed & Special Budgets 70 (14%) 70 (14%) 63 (13%) Research Budget 77 (15%) 74 (15%) 68 (14%) Development Budget 15 (3%) 18 (4%) 15 (4%) Total Expenditure 508 (100%) 486 (100%) 472 (100%) Elimination of inter-budgetary items 33 38 26 Total Net Expenditure 475 448 446

Income Regular Budget* 347 (68%) 321 (68%) 326 (69%) Closed & Special Budgets 66 (13%) 67 (14%) 62 (13%) Research Budget 80 (16%) 71 (15%) 68 (15%) Development Budget 14 (3%) 11 (3%) 13 (3%) Total Income 507 (100%) 470 (100%) 469 (100%) Elimination of inter-budgetary items 24 26 26 Total Net Income 483 444 443

*This figure for 2005/2006 includes $(-)6.1 million of revaluation of balance sheet items that are not included in the current expenditure of the University, whereas the figure for 2004/2005 includes a revaluation of $3.3 million — this amount also includes a provision of $2 million for municipal taxes and $3 million to cover a development deficit. The actual current expenditure of the University decreased by NIS 22 million ($5 million) according to the dollar rate of 30 September 2006. The apparent increment between the years is due to the decrease in the dollar exchange rate by 6.44% between 30 September 2005 and 30 September 2006. The difference between expenditure and income is due to the presentation in $ values. The regular budget was balanced during the above years in ‘shekel terms’. TABLE 3 Implementation of Regular Budget, 2005/2006 (in US $ millions)

These tables show the implementation of the regular budget according to the University’s areas of academic and administrative activities. Within academic activities, only direct expenditures are included. Central expenditures for these units (mainly pension and severance payments, and physical maintenance costs) are included in the ‘Central Costs & Administrative Units’ column. TABLE 3A Overall Expenditure Non- Academic Central Costs Experimental Experimental Support & Administra-t Total Expenditure Units Units Units tive Units* Implementation Salaries 58.0 79.5 14.0 24.3 175.8 Pensions & Severance Payments — — — 89.2 89.2 Acquisitions 0.5 2.9 0.1 1.1 4.6 Scholarships 2.0 3.1 0.8 1.5 7.4 Other 2.2 4.3 19.6 42.9 69.0 Total 62.7 89.8 34.5 159.0 346.0 Percentage of Total Expenditure 18.0% 26.0% 10.0% 46.0% 100%

*Including central expenses such as pension costs and maintenance

TABLE 3B Experimental Units Sciences incl. Eng. & Comp. Dental Expenditure Science Agriculture Medicine Pharmacy Medicine Total Salaries 40.2 17.2 15.5 4.2 2.4 79.5 Acquisitions 1.8 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.1 2.9 Scholarships 0.9 0.4 1.2 0.4 0.2 3.1 Other 1.2 2.2 0.6 0.2 0.1 4.3 Total 44.1 20.2 17.7 5.0 2.8 89.8 48 Financial Report

TABLE 3C Non-Experimental Units

Social Expenditure Humanities Sciences Education Law Social Work Total Salaries 24.8 20.6 4.9 4.5 3.2 58.0 Acquisitions 0.3 0.1 0.1 — — 0.5 Scholarships 0.9 0.8 0.2 0.1 — 2.0 Others 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.1 2.2 Total 26.5 22.5 5.5 4.9 3.3 62.7

TABLE 4 Research Budget According to Groups (in US $ thousands)*

2005/2006 2004/2005 2003/2004 2002/2003 2001/2002 Group 1: Faculty of Science, School of 37,781 32,796 31,022 29,150 30,991 Engineering & Computer Science

Group 2: Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, 27,427 23,470 23,061 20,332 19,690 Faculty of Dental Medicine

Group 3: Faculty of Humanities, School of Education, 13,553 11,072 11,793 12,205 12,297 School of Business Administration

Group 4: Faculty of Agricultural, Food & 12,731 11,158 10,549 10,753 9,419 Environmental Quality Sciences

Group 5: Faculty of Social Sciences, School of 7,525 6,900 5,852 5,441 5,408 Social Work & Social Welfare

Group 6: Faculty of Law, Truman Research Institute 809 2,998 5,971 5,975 4,229 for the Advancement of Peace, others**

Total 99,826 88,394 88,248 83,856 82,034 * Based on planned budgets; figures calculated at rate of exchange on September 30, 2006 ** Faculty of Law only for 2005/6

40,000

35,000

30,000

25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

0 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6

2005/2006 2004/2005 2003/2004 2002/2003 2001/2002 Financial Report 49

TABLE 5 University Endowment Funds, Growth and Income (in US $ millions)

From 1995/1996 until the present, the assets of the University’s Endowment Funds have grown by $95.7 million, from $252.1 million at the end of 1995/1996 to $347.8 million at the end of 2005/2006, with an average growth of $9.6 million per year. During 2005/2006, Endowment Funds assets increased by $19.8 million. Net profit from Endowment Funds during 2005/2006 amounted to $22.7 million, a yield of nearly 6.5%. The substantial income shown in the financial statements for 2005/2006 is due to gains derived from investments. In accordance with the policy of the Endowment Funds Committee, 25% of the funds’ investments are linked to the US dollar and the remaining 75% are linked to shekel channels. Starting in 2003/2004, Endowment Funds Committee financial statements are prepared and presented in nominal shekels (NIS), instead of in dollars (US $) as in previous years. The figures for 2005/2006 were calculated according to the rate of exchange on 30 September 2006.

Total Assets of Year Endowment Funds Net Profit Net Profit (as %) 1995/1996 252.1 16.0 6.4 1996/1997 268.1 24.0 9.0 1997/1998 272.9 4.3 1.6 1998/1999 279.0 13.8 4.9 1999/2000 313.3 43.1 13.7 2000/2001 282.6 -18.0 -6.4 2001/2002 280.7 -0.9 -0.3 2002/2003 294.3 30.4 10.3 2003/2004 308.6 23.6 7.6 2004/2005 328.0 26.6 8.1 2005/2006 347.8 22.7 6.5

TABLE 6 Amounts Received from Friends Organizations 2005/2006 (in US $ thousands)*

Special & Endowment Regular Research Development & Funds in Total As Percentage Source of Income Budget Budgets Other Budgets Israel Income of Total USA 15,060 23,033 3,983 1,271 43,347 55.6% Europe 69 2,054 2,556 1,263 5,942 7.6% Australia 784 3,771 139 1,208 5,902 7.6% Canada 2,886 1,715 171 406 5,178 6.6% UK 229 4,485 — — 4,714 6.0% Israel 699 3,329 458 24 4,510 5.8% Other Countries 3,004 3,465 764 1,259 8,402 10.8% Total 22,731 41,852 7,981 5,431 77,995 100.0% Total 2004/2005 85,301 Total 2003/2004 82,739

*The dollar values above are translated from the amount shown in the University’s books in New Israeli Shekels at the rate of exchange on the day of transaction. 50 Officers of the University

Officers of the University

President Prof. Yoav Dotan, Law Prof. Menachem Magidor Prof. Hermona Soreq, Science Prof. Eli Feinerman, Agricultural, Food & Rector Environmental Quality Sciences Prof. Haim D. Rabinowitch Prof. Ehud Razin, Medicine Vice-President & Director-General Prof. Adam Stabholz, Dental Medicine Prof. Esther Shohami, Dean of Students Elhanan Hacohen Prof. Tsvi Piran, Jerusalem School of Business Vice-President for External Relations Administration Avinoam Armoni Prof. Gail Auslander, Paul Baerwald School of Social Work & Social Welfare Vice-President for Research & Development Prof. Hillel Bercovier Prof. Jaime Kapitulnik, Provost, Rothberg International School Vice-Rector Prof. Jacob Metzer, Chairman, Library Authority Prof. Miriam Gur-Arye Prof. Joseph Orly, Chairman, Authority for Animal Facilities Comptroller Prof. Danny Dolev, Chairman, Authority for Computation, Yair Hurwitz Communication & Information Prof. Avishai Dekel, Chairman, Authority for the Deans & Directors Community & Youth Prof. Israel Bartal, Humanities Prof. Yoram Bilu, Prof. Batsheva Kerem, Co-Chairs, Prof. Boas Shamir, Social Sciences Authority for Research Students

The Board of Governors of The Hebrew University of Jerusalem The Board of Governors is the supreme authority that elects the presidents and vice-presidents of the University, determines financial policy, approves the annual budget, and authorizes the establishment or abolition of faculties and schools on the recommendation of the Senate and the Executive Committee. The Board is composed of representatives from all parts of the world.

Charles H. Goodman Yigal Arnon Alexander Grass Ralph Halbert Harvey M. Krueger Robert H. Smith Samuel Rothberg Chairman Honorary Chairman Honorary Chairman Honorary Chairman Honorary Chairman Honorary Chairman Honorary Chairman

Governors Australia Belgium Ron Appleby Stephen Victor Hong Kong Sir Zelman Cowen Prof. Jacques Brotchi Gail Asper Edward J. Winant Jack Ormut Argentina Michael Dunkel Neri Bloomfield Leon Kovalivker Stuart Silbert Brazil Rose Marie France Israel Samuel Liberman Robert Simons Edmundo Safdie Glassman Sophie Dabi Marcel Amariglio Susana Liberman Prof. Louis Waller Jack Terpins Dr. Gerald Halbert Roland Kluger Moshe Arad Roberto Nul Dr. Ralph Halbert Myriam Arazi-Guy James Shasha Austria Canada J. Stephen Lipper Germany Yigal Arnon Lilli Sielecky Ellen Landesmann Mme. Justice Rosalie Abella Bernard Shuster Ron Jakubowicz Avraham Asheri Board of Governors 51

Mirella Bamberger Yaacov Yaniv Renae Jacobs-Anson Germany Clive Kabatznik Judge David Bartov Zvi Barak Dr. Giora Yaron Michael Jesselson Yaakov Chai A. Sidney Katz Asher Ben-Nathan Nissim Baruch Eliezer Yonas Louis L. Kaitz William Linton Rachel Berger-Barchat Rubi Behar Prof. Yaacov Ziv Frances R. Katz Ireland Harold Magid Zadik Bino Yaacov Behar Yoram Ziv Harvey M. Krueger Dr. David Abrahamson Martinn Mandles Rabbi Avraham Chamra Eitan Ben-Eliahu Yakir Sagiv, Chairman, Michael Kurtz Dr. Dan Maydan Dr. Zvi Dinstein Uri Z. Ben-Noon Students’ Union Fred S. Lafer Israel Leona Z. Rosenberg Aaron Eisen I. Amihud Ben-Porath Harriet Lainer Ya’acov Allalouf David Rubin Prof. Shaul Feldman Prof. Yehudith Birk Italy Marla Lerner Tanenbaum Sara Baruchin David Simon Judge Shmuel Finkelman David Blumberg Prof. Maria Modena Todd Lundy Bernice Beare Rosenberg David Smith Zena Harman Morrie Blumenfeld Oreste Bisazza Terracini Barbara Mandel Rachel Ben-Porath Monte Toole Ralph I. Goldman Dr. Itamar Borowitz Morton Mandel Eliyahu Bentovim Peter Weil Joshua Justman Moshe Caspy Luxembourg Dr. Gerald Niznick Yoram Blizovsky Jerome A. Weinberger Dov Lautman Dr. David Cohen Edmond Israel Prof. Theodore Rabb Dr. Theodore Fink Neil C. Weinberger Arye Levavi Meir Dayan Prof. Mark Ratner Meir Gabbay Raphael Molho Ronit Dolev Mexico Prof. Henry Rosovsky Roni Givoni Uruguay Joseph Perlman Judge Dalia Dorner Ing. Isaac Becker Heidi Rothberg Yaron Loewenstein Leon Schimmel Rachel Pollak Shalom P. Doron Ing. Julio Botton Samuel Rothberg Yaacov Rubin Dr. Walter Zeinal Eliahu Porat Jacob Edery Elias Mekler Keith L. Sachs Sylvain Sternberg Moshe Porath Menachem Einan Alejandro Zichlin George A. Schieren Meir Tchorsh Honorary Governors Asher Reshef Oded Eliashar Robert H. Smith Saul Wolfstein Dr. Meir Rosenne Michael Federmann The Netherlands Ira Lee Sorkin Zohar Zissapel Australia Benjamin Sabagh Prof. Stanley Fischer Harry Van den Bergh Kenneth L. Stein Alan K. Milston Moshe Sanbar Daniel Furman June Walker Japan Victor Shemtov Arnon Gafny Russia Prof. Michael Walzer Kyoji Tsujita Austria Meir Silverstone Ron Gazit Mark Shabad Dan Wassong Fuerst Karl von Dov Tadmor Martin Gerstel Prof. Julian Wolpert Luxembourg Schwarzenberg Michael Zvineri Dan Gillerman South Africa Gordon Zacks Prof. Alain Meyer Yair Green Philip Jacobson Richard Ziman Belgium Mexico Joseph Hackmey Prof. Michael M. Katz Panama Madeleine Ross Silvio Berger Dan Halperin Gerald Leissner Venezuela David Dayan Gabriel Tolkowsky Dr. David Brucilovsky Micha Harish Marcel Apeloig Thea Zucker Dr. Horacio Jinich Raphaela Harlap Switzerland Elieser Rotkopf Russia Elias Sacal David Ivry Nathalie Berrebi Gregory Schtulberg Brazil Alejandro Saltiel Daniel Jacobson Dr. Eric Hauf Leon Herzog Raya Jaglom Cathy Lawi Associate Governors South Africa Barbara Starr Wolf Morocco Prof. Joshua Jortner Baron Benjamin de Paul Berman Wolf Wolf Robert Assaraf Miri Katz Rothschild Australia Estelle Yach Dr. David Kimche David Wollach Shirley Ehrlich Canada South Africa Dr. David Klein Dr. Jack Hoffman Spain Clara Balinsky Judge Richard J. Daniel M. Krauskopf United Kingdom Sam Lipski Jose Bensadon Abby Beker Goldstone Aharon Krauss Dr. Kenneth B. Alberman Jeffrey Mahemoff David R. Bloom Amos Lavee Judge Clive Callman Julie Pynt Switzerland Harold Buchwald Switzerland Sol Liebgott Michael J. Gee John Shalit Nadia Guth Biasini Dr. Mina Deutsch Sem Almaleh Mayor Uri Lupoliansky Isaac Kaye A. Ephraim Diamond Nessim D. Gaon Yitzhak Manor Roger K. Lewis Belgium Turkey Louis Frieberg Prof. Hans Guth Galia Maor Dr. Leonard Polonsky Claude Kandiyoti Selim Amado Jack Hauer Francois Loeb Amos Mar-Chaim John S. Sacher Raphael Lipski David Kline Dr. Siegbert Weinberg Erel Margalit Geoffrey Simmonds United Kingdom Monte Nathanson Gurion Meltzer Anthony Spitz Brazil Judy Callman Dr. H. Peter Oberlander United Kingdom Reuven Merhav Sir Sigmund Sternberg Morris Dayan Neville Eisenberg Maurice Paperny Dr. David Cohen Yitzhak Molho Lady Estelle Wolfson Celso Lafer Michael B. Hacker Cecily Peters Lord Ralf Dahrendorf Leonid Nevzlin Lord Wolfson of Gordon Hausmann Wilfred Posluns Myrtle Franklin- Avi Pazner Marylebone Canada Marc Iarchy Alex Soyka Ellenbogen Avner Peretz Fred S. Worms Lewis Dobrin Jonathan Marks Melvyn Wolfond Prof. Sir Martin Gilbert Ben Z. Rabinovitch Roz Halbert Bernard Myers Harold Gorvy Yair Rabinowitch United States Yude Henteleff Norman Naftalin Chile Prof. Sir Aaron Klug Eitan Raff Ernest Bogen Josh Kleinman David Pannick Emilio Weintraub Prof. Sir Hans Kornberg Dr. Yehudith Richter Stanley M. Bogen Carol Koffler Warren Roiter Peter L. Levy Danny Rothschild Stanley Chais Harley Mintz Margo Schwarz-Noskwith France Rolf Noskwith Harry Sapir Lonny Darwin Harvey Naglie Stella Rozan Felix Posen Yair Seroussi Prof. Sidney Davidson Murray Palay United States Baron Guy de Rothschild Prof. David D. Raphael Uri Shani Ariel Elia Lillian Shiller Diane Belfer Prof. Rene Sirat, Rabbi Dr. M. Leonard Slotover Dr. Emanuel Sharon B. Harrison Frankel Sylvia Vogel Robert Belfer Prof. Adolphe Steg Sir Harry Solomon Ze’ev Sher Susie Gelman Harold Berry Barry Townsley Dan Suesskind Dr. Susan Gitelson France Nancy Berman Bloch Germany Lord Wolfson of Uzi Vardy-zer Patricia Glaser Dr. Raoul Ghozlan Rita Bogen Dr. Werner Schulz Sunningdale Moshe Vidman Lawrence E. Glick Lucien Kalfon Williard L. Cohodas Dr. Hans Jurgen Seeberger Moshe Vigdor Charles H. Goodman Philippe Nahmias Helen Eisenberg Uzi Wexler Mark Gordon Jan Rividi Michael Freed Israel United States Prof. Menahem Yaari Alexander Grass Dr. Lucien Samak William H. Isacoff Ayala Zacks Abramov Dr. Seymour Alpert 52 Benefactors

Madlyn Barnett Richard L. Freundlich Charlotte Jacobson Nathan Lipson Dr. Julia Robinson Dr. Jerry M. Sudarsky Sulana Ross Chait Morton Funger Erica Jesselson Robert Low Jack Rudin Thaddeus N. Taube Rabbi Armond Cohen Jay N. Goldberg Burton M. Joseph Dr. Martin Meyerson Alice Russell-Shapiro Barnett Tobins Dr. D. Walter Cohen Perry Haber Dr. Max M. Kampelman Bess Myerson Vidal Sassoon Julian B. Venezky Helen Diller Martin Hecht Herbert D. Katz Lawrence Newman Floyd A. Segel Mildred Edelstein Rosalind Henwood William B. Konar Ruth Popkin Leonard I. Shankman Venezuela Eugene Ferkauf David B. Holtzman Martin M. Levin Bernice Mossafer Rind Jerome J. Shestack Clara Sznajderman

Benefactors of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem The Benefactors of the Hebrew University are extraordinary individuals, organizations, or foundations whose donations of one million dollars or more have enabled the University to become one of the world’s leading universities. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem pays tribute to their support and friendship.

Argentina Roz & Ralph Halbert Florence & Philip Dworsky, z”l (also US) Moises Vesfrid, z”l Israel Cancer Research Fund (also US) Michal & Oved Eisenberg, z”l Faye & Maurice Kaufman, z”l Penina & Mordechai Arieh Epstein, z”l Australia Rose A. Lauterman, z”l Federmann Family Foundation Stanley Burley, z”l Sophie & Stephan Lewar, z”l Dr. Israel & Bertha Goldstein, z”l (also US) Dora & Ian Cameron, z”l The Reuben Kunin & Samuel Lunenfeld Medical Rahel Mizrahi, Moshe Ben Yosef & Elsa Eliashar, z”l Sir Zelman Cowen Trust Fund Research Foundation Helena & Nahum-Natan Harnish, z”l Agnes & Berel Ginges Alice & Jack Ormut (also Hong Kong) Henrietta & Harry Josselson, z”l Frank & Valtie Hammond, z”l Wilfred, Jack z”l & Irving Posluns & Family Dr. Victoria Kruskal, z”l John Hammond, z”l Morris Murray Pulver, z”l Bank Leumi Dinah & Henry z”l Krongold I. Meier Segals, z”l Mozes Family Ira & Isador Magid z”l & Family Ben & Lil Stein, z”l Nadav Fund Dr. Erich & Foga Neuberger, z”l Dr. Max & Iris Stern, z”l Shulamit Nell Hella & Arno Seefeldt, z”l Charles Tabachnick Simha & Malka Pratt, z”l Alfred Slucki, z”l Alice Kusiel de Vorreuter, z”l Sacta-Rashi Foundation Rhonda & Harry Triguboff AO Dr. Joel & Margaret z”l Wilbush Recanati Family Claire & Emery Yass, z”l Dena & Morris J. Wosk, z”l Karol z”l & Alla Reisfeld Sam Zacks z”l & Ayala Zacks-Abramov (also Israel) Abraham Rosenman, z”l Austria Ludmila R. & Henry C. Zeldowicz, z”l Israel Sarna, z”l Government of Austria Drs. Miriam & Max Schloessinger, z”l (also US) Mr. & Mrs. Francis Hock, z”l France Aryeh & Rivka Shenkar Fund Dr. Peter & Dr. Ellen Landesmann Anonymous Max Wittmann z”l & Deborah (Dola) Ben-Yehuda-Wittmann Maurice Biderman Yad Hanadiv -Jerusalem Belgium Rose & Paul z”l Feher Sam Zacks z”l & Ayala Zacks-Abramov (also Canada) B. W. Family Kelman Family Herbert Cohn, z”l Leven Family Italy Tamara & Ariel E. Ann L. O. (also US) Kathleen & Alberto z”l Casali Simone & Bernard z”l G. Stella & Julien z”l Rozan Vittoria Corinaldi, z”l Nadine & Fredy z”l H. Iby & Aladar Fleischman Foundation Yvonne & Leon Maiersdorf, z”l Germany Astrid & Henry Montor, z”l (also US) Leon Braitman, z”l (also Israel) Dr. Stan & Joan Sosnowsky, z”l Canada I. & K. E. Giacomo, Amadea & Marcella Levi de Veali, z”l Anonymous Irene & Carlos Friedmann, z”l Amelia Valenti Vigevani, z”l Dr. André & Nussia Aisenstadt Dr. Walter z”l & Hedi Hesselbach Vidal Angel, z”l Prof. Werner Marx z”l (also US) Japan Israel z”l & Babs Asper Reinhard Mohn Mizra Association Ida & Joseph Berman, z”l Dr. Max M. z”l & Margit Schlomiuk Kaye & Harry Bernstein, z”l Dr. Norbert Ungar & Martha Hoffmann Luxembourg Adolph & Klara Brettler, z”l Erna D. & Henry J. Leir z”l (also US) Peter Brojde, z”l Hong Kong Luxembourg Foundation Lucy & Allan Bronfman, z”l Alice & Jack Ormut (also Canada) Charles R. Bronfman The Netherlands Edward M. Bronfman, z”l Israel Amely Weinberg-Cohen, z”l Peter F. Bronfman, z”l Anonymous A. Ephraim & Shirley Diamond Anonymous South Africa Ethel & Simon Flegg, z”l Julia Auster, z”l Anonymous Eldee Foundation Avi Chai Foundation Phyllis & Samuel Boall Foundation for Cancer Research Louis Frieberg Samuel Badichi Sam Cohen (Windhoek) Scholarship Trust Johanna Friedlaender, z”l Dr. Nahum Ben Eli-Honig Margot Lachmann, z”l Rose Marie & Leon Glassman Albert Benin, z”l The Julius Ring Family Foundation for Atmospheric Abe Gray, z”l Leon Braitman, z”l (also Germany) & Global Change Study Hanna Grunbaum, z”l Hanna Braun, z”l Dr. Leonard Sachs, z”l Hadassash-WIZO Organization of Canada Caesarea Edmond Benjamin de Rothschild Foundation Silas Perry, z”l Benefactors 53

Sweden Judith Brahin, Pennsylvania Harry Kay Foundation, Minnesota Edith & Julius z”l Bamberger Belle R. & Joseph H. Braun z”l, Illinois Dr. Rudolf & Mrs. Eva A. Kayser z”l, New York Anny Birnbaum Brieger & Clarence E. Brieger and Edith Raizel & Max Klein z”l, California Switzerland Birnbaum Oblatt & George D. Oblatt z”l, New York Nathaniel & Paulena S. Kleitman, z”l, California Anonymous Charlotte & Irvin M. z”l Brodsky, Illinois Selma & Paul z”l Klingenstein, Florida Anonymous Frances & Herbert Brody z”l, New Jersey Arlene & Robert P. Kogod, Washington, DC Anonymous Abraham & Adele Browner z”l, New York Koret Foundation, California Basilisk Fund Chais Family Foundation, California Charlotte & Charles Krown z”l, California Raymond z”l & Janine Bollag-Blum Joseph z”l & Marian Chudnow Family, Wisconsin Constance & Harvey M. Krueger, New York Octav Botnar, z”l Marilyn & Maurice z”l Cohen, Massachusetts Morris A. Krupkin z”l, Illinois Esther S. Sara Schechter Cohen z”l, Pennsylvania Rose Landowski z”l, New York Otto & Lotte Klemperer, z”l Samuel M. Cohodas z”l, Michigan Senator Frank R. Lautenberg, New Jersey David W. Willard & Lois Cohodas, Michigan Erna D. & Henry J. Leir z”l, New York (also Concern Foundation, California Luxembourg) United Kingdom Crown Family, Illinois Henry J. Leir Charitable Trusts, New York Aimwell Charitable Trust (Myrna & Isaac Kaye) Leonie & Jay z”l Darwin, California The Leir Charitable Foundations, New York Millicent & Edward Carew-Shaw, z”l Adele & Alfred A. Davis z”l, California & Georgia Reggie & Aleck Leitman z”l, New York Clore Foundation (Dame Vivien Duffield DBE) Sophie & Leonard Davis z”l, Florida Madeleine Lejwa z”l, New York John S. Cohen Foundation Harry Dean, Sandra Ovesen & Samuel Carson, Cilla & George Lepehne z”l, Massachusetts Emily Erskine, z”l California Annette M. & Theodore N. Lerner Family Foundation, Penny & Michael z”l Feiwel Baron de Hirsch Fund, New York Maryland Dr. Margot Garcia Helen & Sanford Diller Family, California Vivian & Martin Levin, New Jersey Dame Susan Garth, z”l Dorot Foundation, Rhode Island Paul S. & Jeanette z”l Lewis, New York Michael & Morven Heller Charitable Foundation Florence & Philip Dworsky z”l, California (also Israel) Dr. Joseph D. & Natalie Lieberman z”l, New York Lionel Hurst Ann & Joseph Edelman z”l, California Low & Savin Families, New York Humanitarian Trust Sonya & Samuel Edelstein z”l, New Jersey Mandel Family, Florida Israel Colonisation Association Mildred & Sidney Edelstein z”l, Florida Abbie L. Manster z”l, California Jacob & Lena Joels Charitable Trust (Prof. Norman Helen & Stanford z”l Eisenberg, Florida Werner Marx z”l (also Germany) Joels & Harold Joels) Clarence W. Efroymson z”l, Indiana Simon S. Matus z”l, North Carolina Kennedy-Leigh Charitable Trust Edward Fein, Arizona Dan & Dalia z”l Maydan, California Leo Leffmann, z”l Rose & Dalck z”l Feith, Pennsylvania Ceil & Joseph Mazer z”l, New York Marks, Sacher & Sieff Family Trusts Eugene & Estelle Ferkauf Foundation, New York Florence Zacks Melton z”l, Ohio Hannah & Louis Mintz, z”l J. Robert Fisher z”l, New York Samuel Mendel Melton z”l, Ohio Felix Posen Lena & Benjamin Fohrman z”l, California Joseph & Rebecca Meyerhoff Family Trust, Maryland Archie Sherman Charitable Trust (Michael & Jackie Leo & Julia Forchheimer Foundation, New York Meyerhoff & Katz Families, Maryland & Florida Gee, Allan & Diana Morgenthau, Nicholas & Rosalyn Fribourg Foundation, New York Rhona Miller z”l, Florida Springer) Jean & Meyer Gensburg z”l, California Goldie z”l & Isadore Millstone, Missouri Harry & Abe Sherman Foundation Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert z”l, California Mitrani Family Foundation, Pennsylvania Sobell Foundation Gilo Family Foundation Phillip P. & Estelle G. Mizock z”l, Illinois Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Floraine & Jerry L. z”l Gitell, California Astrid & Henry Montor z”l (also Italy) Wolfson Family Charitable Trust Nancy S. & Lawrence E. Glick, Illinois Moriah Fund, Washington DC Wolfson Foundation Goldie Anna Charitable Trust, New York The David N. & Inez Myers Foundation, Ohio Yad Hanadiv (Lord Jacob Rothschild OM GBE) Mary & Julius z”l Goldman, California National Council of Jewish Women Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation, New York Reesa & Gerald Niznick, California United States Dr. Israel & Bertha Goldstein z”l (also Israel) Roslyn & Alvin Nosnick, Florida Anonymous E. Morris Goldstein z”l, Florida Susie & Karl z”l Oberwager, New York Abraham Aaroni z”l, New York Judith B. & Michael S. Goodman, Illinois Ann L. O., New York (also France) Ahmanson Foundation, California Mollie E. & David L. Goodman z”l, California & Illinois Helga z”l & Walter Oppenheimer, California Leona & George Alpert z”l, California Louise & Alex Grass, Pennsylvania Julius Oppenheimer z”l Alpha Omega Foundation & The Alpha Omega Barbara & Hank z”l Greenspun, Nevada Bernard Osher Jewish Philanthropies International Dental Fraternity Ruth & Richard z”l Browns Gundelfinger, California Shelly & John Pearson American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee Max z”l & Rita Haber, Illinois P. E. F. Israel Endowment Funds, Inc., New York Annenberg Foundation, Pennsylvania Hadassah Women’s Zionist Organization of America Phi Delta Epsilon Medical Fraternity Ariowitsch Family Foundation Irving Brooks Harris z”l, Illinois Marilyn & Albert z”l Ponn, Florida Dr. Milton z”l & Leona Aron, New York & Israel Leon Hecht z”l, California Dr. Harold & Ilse Posner, Florida Dr. Lester Aronberg Foundation, Illinois Rosalind Henwood, Florida Jay Pritzker Foundation Silvia & Milton z”l Bard Herbst Private Family Foundation, New York S. Milton Rabson z”l, California Maxine & Harry z”l Batalin, Florida Max & Ida Hillson Foundation, New York Jacques J. & Lilly L. Rappaport z”l, Virginia Arthur & Rochelle Belfer Foundation, Inc., New York Jacob Hirsch z”l, New York Ratner Family Foundation, Illinois & Ohio Diane & Arthur z”l Belfer, New York David L. Husman, Illinois Ratner, Miller & Shafran Families, Ohio Sol & Miriam Berg, New York Arthur Ikenn, Illinois Redhill Foundation, Illinois Charles I. Berger z”l, Florida ISEF International Sephardic Education Foundation, Rudolph Reese z”l, Florida Muriel & Philip Berman z”l, Pennsylvania New York Charles H. Revson Foundation, New York Lawrence D. Biele z”l, Pennsylvania Israel Cancer Research Fund (also Canada) Rogoff Foundation, Connecticut Martin Billins z”l, California Dr. Richard Jacobs, Iowa George W. Rose z”l, California Eloise & Boris Blinder z”l & Fradia Benam z”l, California Erica & Ludwig z”l Jesselson, New York Leona Z. Rosenberg, Illinois Ernest Bogen Family, Florida Charlotte & Louis Kaitz & Family, Massachusetts Claire & Emanuel G. Rosenblatt z”l, Florida Roberta & Stanley M. Bogen, New York Maurice J. & Fay B. Karpf z”l, California James & Edith Ross Foundation, Ohio Bogen Family, New York & Florida George A. & Frances R. Katz Family Foundation, Jean & Samuel Rothberg Family, Illinois Sophie Bookhalter M.D., z”l, New York New York Dr. Harry B. & Mary Rubin z”l, California Mae & Louis H. Boyar z”l, California Edith Schoenburger-Kaufman z”l, California May & Samuel Rudin Family Foundation, New York 54 Campaign Gifts

Keith & Herbert Sachs & Families, Pennsylvania Campaign Gifts Dr. Lisbeth Sachs-Stern z”l, New York Robert Saligman Foundation, New York These designated gifts to the Hebrew University comprise both lifetime Hans J. Salter z”l, California Lewis & Ali Sanders, New York contributions and testamentary funding of $100,000 and above for a Vidal Sassoon Foundation, California number of innovative projects. They include: Lewis & Alice Schimberg z”l, Illinois Drs. Miriam & Max Schloessinger z”l (also Israel) Samuel A. Schonbrunn z”l, New York Allyne & Fred Schwartz, New York Physical Development • Edelman Family Garden Louis Schweitzer Charitable Trust, New York • Samuel N. Goldstein z”l Lobby Seagram Foundation Mount Scopus Campus • Frank & Valtie Hammond Dormitory Wing, Lobby Linda Shafarman z”l, New York Grace Ballas Memorial Garden & Garden Plaza Hyman B. Shaine z”l, Michigan Isaac & Luba Becker - Mexico Wing for Policy Studies • Honig Family Trust Gardens David & Fela Shapell & Family, California • Fastlicht-Kurian Family Statue • Ellen Landesmann Plaza Edna & Joseph M. Root Shapiro z”l, California Dr. Sanford A. Berman z”l, Radio Mount Scopus • Mitchell Cooperman & Joseph G. Katz Memorial Ruth & Alexander z”l Silberman, Pennsylvania Roberta & Stanley Bogen Library, Truman Institute Garden Lillian & Harvey L. Silbert z”l Family, California Louis H. Boyar Building, Rothberg International School • Enid McKenna Soifer Garden Isidore & Edith Silver, z”l, Missouri • Lillian & Harvey Silbert Wing • Sonia Marschak Garden Herbert Simon Family Foundation • Daphna & Richard Ziman Family Wing • Schieren Apartment David & Jacqueline S. Simon • Harry Dean, Sandra Ovesen & Samuel Carson Wing • Archie Sherman Charitable Trust, Wing of Building Melvine & Bren Simon Charitable Foundation • Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Student Cafeteria • Simon Family Building Harry Simons z”l, California • Mekler-Benenson Families Reference Library • Sorkin Apartment Skirball Foundation, New York • Fred & Della Worms Student Lounge • Alex Soyka Lobbies, Canada House Flora & Arnold D. Skovron z”l, California • Hans Salter Auditorium • Isaac Thau Wing, Canada House Smart Family Foundation, Connecticut • Judah L. Berger Memorial Library • Harvey & Roslyn Wolfe Wing, Canada House Charles E. Smith z”l, Washington, DC William S. Boyd Hecht Synagogue Endowment Fund Sielecky Family Gates Mr. & Mrs. Robert H. Smith, Washington, DC Yitzhak Rabin Building for the World Center of Jewish Dr. Max & Iris Stern z”l Gallery Inger-Mä & Rudolf Sonneborn z”l, New York Studies Norman & Nina Wain Radio Station Frances & Benjamin Sperling z”l, NewYork • Florence Berlin Seminar Room Refurbishment of Abe & Pauline Wechsler Student Steven Spielberg, California • The Irving & Gertrude z”l Husman Atrium Residence Ruth Steiner z”l, California • Margit Lowenstein Seminar Room George & Shirley Weinstein (Weinstein Foundation) Otto Stieber & Evelyn Stieber Bernstein z”l, Florida • Sasson & Naima Moshi Peress Gallery, Library Trading Room, Jerusalem School of Business Walter S. & Greta J. Stiel z”l, New York • Clara Robert Administration Dr. Ellen Stolkind z”l & Dr. Abram Stolkind z”l, • Elevator in Memory of Ghita Berger de Schloser & Iris S. & Bertram L. Wolstein Accessibility Project New York Elias Schloser Emery & Claire Yass Library, Institute of Archaeology Storch & Gallin Families, Connecticut • David & Fela Shapell Family Library Jerry & Mildred Sudarsky, California • Lea Rabin Hall, gift of Finni Steindling The Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram Swig Family, California • Entrance Lobby, gift of Jack Rounick Selim & Rachel Benin School of Engineering & Charles R. Taine z”l, Florida • Dan K. Wassong Auditorium Computer Science Dr. Irving & Edith Taylor, California • Marvin Wildenberg Seminar Room Beit Bretter student hostel Edythe R. & Barnett C. Tobins, Massachusetts Nellie Ash Culver Dormitories Berel Ginges-Australia Computer Centre Marion B. Tolnai z”l, California Ariel & Tamara Elia Reception Hall Charles Grosberg Foundation Fellows Club The Toole Family, California DMF Franklin Trust -Student Dormitory Maintenance Liberman Graduate Student Dormitories Moritz & Charlotte Warburg Memorial Fund, New York Fund Mexican Friends Laboratory Dan K. Wassong, New York Sir Arthur & Lady Marjorie Gilbert Tennis Center Paul Migdal Laboratory for Stem Cell Research Henriette L. Wayne z”l, New York Berel Ginges-Australia Computer Centre, Established by Ratner Student Club Pauline & Abraham Wechsler z”l, New York the Australian Friends Sam & Jean Rothberg Family Student Computer Clara & Maurice Weil z”l, New York Agnes Ginges-Australia Computer Centre for Social Laboratory Dr. Hans & Tilly Weil z”l, California Sciences Sam & Jean Rothberg Family Auditorium, Selim and The Norman & Rosita Winston Foundation, New York Goldie Anna Foundation, Renovation of Frank Sinatra Rachel Benin School of Engineering & Computer Science Dr. Louis E. Wolfson Foundation, Florida International Student Center Sam & Jean Rothberg Capital Project, Selim and Rachel Sonnya & Fanya Woll z”l, New York The Mike Ikenn Family Garden Benin School of Engineering & Computer Science Women’s League for Israel, New York Henry & Dinah Krongold Australia Centre for Student Louis Schweitzer Grant for Computer Center Barbara & Stanley Zax, California Information & Admissions Development, Selim and Rachel Benin School of Drs. Margaret R. & Henry M. Zentner z”l Family, Theodore N. & Annette M. Lerner Family Indoor Sports Engineering & Computer Science New Jersey Complex & Phase Two Expansion Two-Photon-Microscope donated by European Friends, Daphna & Richard Ziman Family, California Harold I. & Faye B. Liss Foundation, Faculty of Law Silberman Building Garden The Wolfson Family Charitable Trust, Selim and Rachel Others Ezequiel Liwerant – Fomento Mexico Hall Benin School of Engineering & Computer Science Anonymous, on behalf of the Bahá’í World Center Joseph & Harvey Meyerhoff Charitable Foundation, Lily & Edmond J. z”l Safra Hillel House refurbishment Ein Kerem Campus Sanger Chair in Banking & Risk Management Raquel & Edmundo Safdie (Brazil) Exhibition Hall, Argentinean Friends Ladies’Group Laboratory Institute of Archaeology Octav & Marcela Botnar Research Building, Faculty of Louis Schweitzer Grant for Computer Center Medicine Development, School of Education • Prof. Arnold & Frieda Soren Gift Scopus Student Village D. Walter Cohen DDS Middle East Center for Dental • Lawrence Biele Gift Education • Blumental Gift • Gerald Niznick Dental Implant & Research Center • Manya & Morris Brandman Student Garden • Robert Saligman Auditorium • Marjorie Bronfman Apartmetns • Robert Saligman Undergraduate Dental Clinic Campaign Gifts 55

• Marvin Schein Dental Units Agricultural, Food & Environmental Quality Sciences Constance & Harvey Krueger, JNUL ‘Treasures Revealed’ Forchheimer Student Center Billy Crystal Endowment for Peace through the Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience & Leon Freeman & Ida Sonia Freeman Auditorium Performing Arts Nanotechnology Agnes Ginges-Australia Computer Centre Jack Crystal Memorial Endowment Fund to Promote • Goldie Anna Foundation Gift, Faculty Recruitment Ronald Goldstein Center for Esthetic Dentistry Jazz Scholarships Margot Lachmann Fund for JNUL archivist Peter A. Krueger Laboratory for Research in Infectious Leonard Davis Institute, further development Barbara & Fred S. Lafer, Lafer Center for Women’s Studies Diseases, further development Sarah Jane Densen Chair in Cancer Research Simcha Lainer Beit Midrash Program Lindemann Wing, School of Pharmacy D B Doran Fund in Population, Resources & Economic Renee B. Lang Chair in Humanistic Studies Mary Rubin Auditorium, Forchheimer Student Center Development The Leir Charitable Foundations, JNUL Computerization Weinberger Family Support for the School of Pharmacy Dorot Foundation for the Digitization of JNUL Collections Project Ann & Joseph Edelman Chair in the History of European The Leir Charitable Foundations, Faculty Recruitment Rehovot Campus Jewry & the Holocaust in Medicine Emil Bonyhady, Institute of Plant Sciences Capital Ann & Joseph Edelman Chair in American Studies The Leir Charitable Foundations, Faculty Recruitment Improvement Funds for the Building & Housing of Sidney M. Edelstein Center for the Study of History & in Science the Koret School of Veterinary Medicine Philosophy of Science, Medicine & Technology Henry J. & Erna D. Leir Chair for Research in Marian & Joseph Chudnow Capital Development Funds, Federmann School of Public Policy & Government Neurodegenerative Diseases Koret School of Veterinary Medicine Yekutiel X. Federmann Chair in Hotel Management Henry J. & Erna D. Leir for the Digitization of JNUL Berel Ginges-Australia Computer Centre Feher Institute for Public Policy & Management Collections Isadore E. Millstone Capital Development Funds, Koret Ronald Fein University Men’s Swim Team Dr. Wolf Leslau Collection on Ethiopian Studies School of Veterinary Medicine Julius Feinstein Chair in Accountancy Yale S. Lewine & Ella Miller Lewine Lectureship in Adir & Chaim Shoshan Patio in Memory of Dr. Arie Prof. Franklin M. Fisher & Ellen Paradise Fisher Fund Cardiovascular Diseases Shoshan z”l, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine for Rationality in Public Policy Magid Institute for Continuing & Adult Education, Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences & Genetics Forchheimer Foundation, Revivim Project further development in Agriculture Louis Frieberg Center for East Asian Studies Mandel Institute of Jewish Studies • Harriet K. & Fred Cahnmann Rooms Gandel Institute for Adult Jewish Learning Barbara & Mort Mandel 75th Anniversary Gala Evening • Jack Friedland Lobby Garfield Weston Fund for Innovative Teaching in History Phillip P. Mizock & Estelle G. Mizock Chair in • Mr. & Mrs. Bernard Soref Elevators Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Foundation, Project Nurture Administrative & Criminal Law Robert H. Smith Plant Growth Center Retaining Undergraduate Students David & Inez Myers Chair in Neural Computation Edith & Dr. Irving Taylor Reception Lobby, Veterinary Gilo Citizenship, Democracy & Civic Education Center Leonid Nevzlin Research Center for Russian & East Teaching Hospital Goldie Anna Foundation, Department of Neurobiology European Jewry Edith & Dr. Irving Taylor Entrance Lobby & Small Etta M. & Nathaniel L. Goldstein z”l Fund, Truman Nissim Family Fund Animal Rotunda, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine Institute Library Orion Center for the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls & Sobell Foundation Accessibility Project Tammy Gould Fund in memory of Lisa Gilad, Associated Literature Sobell Foundation Phytotron Educational Services for Caucus Region Jewish Father Otsuki Chair in Bible Studies Children Project Professor Raphael Patai Library Chair in Polish History Chairs & Academic Development Louise & Alex Grass Distinguished Faculty Awards & Culture Andre Aisenstadt Chair in Theoretical Physics Abe Gray Chair in Entrepreneurship Ratner Family Chair in Chemistry Amli Music Library Abe Gray President’s Prize in Excellence Julius Ring Family Foundation for Atmospheric & Vidal Angel z”l Centre for Tolerance & Mutual Respect Leslie Grey z”l Gift to the Yeda Am Archives Global Change Studies I. H. Asper Centre for Entrepreneurship Leslie Grey z”l Gift to the India/Tibetan Archives Claire & Emanuel G. Rosenblatt Research Laboratory, Assaraf Chair in the History of Morocco & Moroccan Tamara & Saveli Grinberg Chair in Russian Studies Lautenberg Center Jewry Simone Guttman Chair in Brain Research Frieda & Solomon B. Rosenzweig Chair in Law Avi Chai Foundation, Revivim Project Max & Rita Haber Division for Holocaust Studies Heidi Rothberg Equine Program, Koret School of Avi Chai Foundation, Melton Center Samuel L. & Perry Haber Chair in Post-Holocaust Veterinary Medicine Center for Austrian Studies Studies Sacher Fund for Immigrant Scientists Chair in Bahá’í Studies Miriam & Peter Haas, Early Childhood Learning & Sachs Family Chair in Computer Sciences Diane Belfer Gift for Libraries Resource Center’s Video-Aided Supervision Program Sachs Family Fund Diane Belfer, in loving memory of her husband, Arthur, Herbst Private Family Foundation Endowment Fund Hans Salter Chair in Musicology JNUL ‘Treasures Revealed’ Max M. Hirsch Visiting Chair in Physics Hans Salter Center for Music Reginald David Benjamin & Esme Marion Benjamin Ely Horn Beit Midrash Program Sanger Chair in Banking & Risk Management Multimedia Centre, Institute of Archaeology Fred & Fay Howard Fund for Peace Studies, Truman Louis Schweitzer Center for Legal Advocacy Yoram, Yael & Yaheli Ben-Porath Endowment, Dept. of Institute Sender Family Fund, Faculty of Medicine Economics or Philosophy, a gift of Lil Stein z”l Japanese Cultural Center David & Fela Shapell Family Manuscript Digitization John Berg Chair in Accounting Jesselson Foundation, 13th Century Bible Center, JNUL Muriel Berman, Books for School of Nursing Jesselson Foundation, Revivim Project James Shasha Institute for International Seminars, Muriel Berman, Berman National Medical Library JNUL Belfer Incunabula Collection further development Benjamin H. Birstein z”l Chair in Chemistry Max M. Kampelman Chair for the Study of Democracy Archie Sherman Center for Transgenic Organisms Marcy Bogen Chair in Academic Excellence & Human Rights Jack H. Skirball Chair in Neural Computation Borgenicht Research Center for Secular Culture & Frances Katz Endowment Fund for Visiting Scholars, Esther Smidof Endowment in Pediatric Medicine Humanism Faculty of Law Robert & Clarice Smith Center for Art History Center for the Study of Christianity, founded by Frances R. Katz Gift to the Aharon Barak Center for Smith Endowment for Small Equipment for Aldegonde & Hubert Brenninkmeijer-Werhahn Legal & Multidisciplinary Research Psychobiology Andrea & Charles Bronfman Jerusalem Ulpan Program Frances Katz Law School Community Projects Program Louis & Bessie Stein Foundation, Lautenberg Center Andrea & Charles Bronfman Distinguished Faculty & Endowment Fund Harry Stern National Center for the Study & Treatment Member, School of Computer Science Frances R. Katz for the Truman Institute for the of Alzheimer’s Disease Chais Family Foundation Center for Jewish Studies & Advancement of Peace International Conference Walter & Greta Stiel Chair & Research Grant in Medicine Civilization in the Former Soviet Union Frances Katz Training Center for Social Work in the Swiss Center in Conflict Research, Management & Herbert Cohn Chair in Cancer Research Context of Law Resolution in the name of Sigi & Lisa Daniel Vittoria Corinaldi Fund Paulette & Claude Kelman Chair in French Jewry Studies Sudarsky Center for Computational Biology Jean & Marcelle Coutu Centre for the Improvement Kennedy-Leigh Training Program for Immigrant Social Jack Terpins Scholarship Fund of Agriculture in Developing Countries, Faculty of Workers Toole Family Distinguished Faculty Member, Selim 56 Campaign Gifts

and Rachel Benin School of Engineering & Computer Program, NCJW Research Institute Pearl & Andrew Rosenfeld Research Project in Jewish Science Zipporah Haber Endowment in Contemporary Jewry History Bruce W. Wayne Chair in International Law Irving B. Harris Foundation Project on Professional Goldie Rotman Research Fund for Cognitive Sciences John Alfred Weinberg Chair in Economics Development & Social Policy for Children & Families Dr. Lisbeth Sachs-Stern z”l Memorial Endowment in Pauline Wechsler Memorial Fund, JNUL Chaim Herzog Award for Lifetime Achievement Cancer Research Fritz Werner Blumenthal & Ursula Johanna Blumenthal Irwin Holtzman Library Fund Lewis Sanders Restricted Fund for Cancer Research of Western Australia Gift, Spielberg Jewish Film HSBC Bank of London Fund for Research at the Alfredo Santos Fund for Research in Diabetes Archives Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation Milton Schamach Foundation Fund Wexner Foundation, Florence Melton Adult Mini-School Estelle & Thomas B. Infusino & Wakefern Food Ben Schendar Prize in Pharmacology & New Drug Wilbush Chair in Medical Anthropology Corporation Fund Development Wolfson Center for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology in Dr. Richard M. Jacobs Family Endowment Fund for Walter & Sara Schlesinger Endowment Fund for Semi-Arid Climates Brain Research Holocaust Studies Wolfson Family Charitable Foundation, Center for Daniel Jacobson Annual Law Lecture SCOA Foundation Endowment, Melton Adult Mini- Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Jewish Community Federation Fund, Melton Center Schools Wunderkinder Foundation, further development of the Jacob & Lena Joels Memorial Foundation for Prof. Julian Simon Research Fund in Marketing, Steven Spielberg Jewish Film Archives Innovation in the Life & Medical Sciences Economics & Finance ‘Yeda-Am’, The People’s Heritage Collection Isaac Kaplan Fund, Faculty of Science Jack H. Skirball Fund for Brain Research Zausmer Lecture Series in Modern Hebrew Literature Eva Kayser Library Fund Elizabeth & David Bruce Smith Fund in the Center for Raquel & Manuel Klatchky Fund Psychobiology Research Funds Michael S. & Carol A. Kurtz Endowment Fund, Doris Snider Endowment Fund Kathy & Robert Ahmanson Fund Lautenberg Center Irene Spanier Fund in Child Psychology Seymour & Cecile Alpert Endowment in Pain Research Lagendorf Jewish Fund, Truman Institute Dr. Jerry & Milly Sudarsky, Sudarsky Center for Ruth Baxter z”l, Lautenberg Center Senator Frank J. Lautenberg Fund Computational Biology Silvia & Milton Bard Teaching & Research Fund for Robert Layton Fund, Selim and Rachel Benin School of Lily Tapper Prizes in Agriculture Pediatric Neuropsychology Engineering & Computer Science Tisch Foundation Fund, Lautenberg Center Abraham & Ida Baruch Fund for Judaic Research Arthur Lejwa & Madeleine Chalette Lejwa Trust for Norman & Rosita Winston Foundation Research Funds, Arthur & Rochelle Belfer Foundation Research Grant, Biochemical Research Truman Institute Faculty of Medicine Pauline Lempert z”l Fund in Memory of Oscar & Helen Lord Wolfson of Marylebone Cellomics Station Belgian Friends Gift of Electrodes, Interdisciplinary Lempert for Cancer Research J. Zel Lurie Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Center for Neural Computation Dr. George & Cilla Lepehne Endowment Fund for Ernest & Rita Bogen Endowment Fund, Truman Institute Scientific Research Student Aid, Scholarship & Fellowship Funds Valerie Borger Fund, Faculty of Medicine Ida & Iser Lev Endowment for Research in Crohn’s Abraham Aaroni z”l Gift, Department of Hebrew Abraham & Rachel Bornstein Endowment Funds Disease Literature Adolph & Klara Brettler z”l Endowment, Faculty of Edgar Levin Endowment Fund, Selim and Rachel Benin Adler-Lysy Family Memorial Fund Scholarships Medicine School of Engineering & Computer Science Agricultural Research Administrative Fund, Israel Bruckner-Onn Endowment Fund for Alzheimer Research Term Endowment Fund for the Martin & Vivian Jacob S. & Sophie Allinson & Family Endowed Caesarea Fund for Applied Sciences Levin Center for the Normal & Psychopathological Scholarship Fund Cancer Research Fund Development of the Child & Adolescent Almoslino Family Scholarships Ethel Cohen z”l Postdoctoral Fellowship in Medical Alsace Lorraine Lirtzman z”l Grant for Neurological Ariowitsch Family Foundation Scholarships Research Research Lisa & Heinrich Arnhold Memorial Endowment Fund Myer & Cecilia Cohen Research Endowment Fund Allison & Howard W. Lutnick Grant to the Lautenberg Yigal Arnon Scholarship Fund Concern Foundation Fund Center Martin Buber Center Danny Cunniff z”l Leukemia Research Fund Mann Family Research Fund for Jewish Religion Amigos Brasilieros Fund Sarah Jane & Paul z”l Densen Fund, Lautenberg Center M/I Homes Foundation, Melton Center Adult Mini- Rosa Braun z”l Scholarship Endowment Fund Hans & Edith Dreyer z”l Endowment Fund For Research Schools Israel H. Asper Scholarship Fund in Neurodegenerative Diseases Raphael Mechoulam Research in Pharmacology Backer Chandler Scholarship Fund Joseph Edelman Library Prize Matilda & Joseph Melnick Fund, Lautenberg Center Jacob Ballas Scholarship Fund Samuel Edelstein Endowment Fund for Research Florence Melton Adult Mini School Institute, Basilisk Fund for Training Jewish Senior Educators David Eisenberg Scholarship & Research Funds Endowment & Operating Funds from the Former Soviet Union Estate Committee Fund, Faculty of Medicine Aron Menczer Research Fund Helene Berman-Seidenfeld Scholarship Fund Israel Feldman Fund for Talmudic Studies Anna Emma Mondschein Research Grant Rene & Henry Bester of Western Australia Student Aid Simon Flegg z”l Research Fund David & Inez Myers Fund for Senior Educators, Melton Endowment Fund in Cancer Research & Lynn Forester Research Fund, Vidal Sassoon Center Oceanography International Center for the Study of Antisemitism Stephanie & Herbert Neuman Fund, International Center Rishon M. Bialer Memorial Medical Scholarship G. K. Research Grant, Interdisciplinary Center for Neural for the University Teaching of Jewish Civilization Endowment Computation Healthcare Foundation Fund of New Jersey Fund, Biblical Archaeology Society Scholarships Anthony Garcia z”l Fund to Support Research in Muscle Lautenberg Center Helen M. Block Scholarship Development Julius Oppenheimer Endowment Fund for Life Sciences Emil Bonyhady Scholarship Fund Gerson-Michaelis Foundation Grant for Research in Paula Pavelsky Fund for Neurobiology Sophie Bookhalter Fellowship in Judaic Studies Degenerative Diseases Jacob Rozanis Gift, Department of Bacteriology Sophie Bookhalter Fellowship in Medicine Fred Gerson Memorial Endowment Fund for Leukemia Eva & Rubin Pollack Fund for Research of Alzheimer’s Ruth & Alan Bornstein Scholarships for Medical Students Research Disease Emilio Braun Scholarship Fund Lois & Edward Grayson Fund Randes Foundation Breast Cancer Research Program Peter Brojde Memorial Award for Excellence in Toni & Noah Greenberg Fund for Research in Jewish Jacques J. & Lilly L. Rappaport Fund for Advanced Engineering & Computer Science Studies Studies in Natural Sciences Leon Bryk Scholarship Fund Dr. Henry Greenway Fund for Psychiatric Care for Leo & Boris Ritoff Fund for Higher Studies in Applied I. Cabakoff Scholarship Fund, Dental Medicine Children in Israel, Baerwald School of Social Work & Microbiology Millicent & Edward Carew-Shaw Scholarship Fund Social Welfare Eric Roland Research Fund in Neurodegenerative Casali Foundation Scholarship Fund Joel & Terry Gross Postdoctoral Fellowship in Stroke Diseases Caspe Family Scholarship Fund Research & Related Fields Claire & Emanuel G. Rosenblatt Cancer Research Joseph & Marion Chudnow Fellowship, Koret School of Peter & Mimi Haas, Early Childhood Education Program Veterinary Medicine Campaign Gifts 57

Ethel Cohen Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research into & Computer Science Fund Heart Disease, Faculty of Medicine Gitele Gruber Fellowship, Dr. Yehuda Shalon Endowed Elias & Frances Margolin Scholarships, Graduate Sam (Windoek) Cohen Scholarships Fellowship Fund School of Nursing Samuel H. Cohen/Shalom Hartman Institute Doctoral Chaimi Gruber Fellowship, Dr. Yehuda Shalon Endowed Werner Marx Fund Scholarships and Lecture Series Fellowship Fund Saleh & Violet Masri Scholarship Fund Colgate-Palmolive Research Center Grant for Dental Myriam Diana Juster Guld Endowment Fund in the Jean Matlow Scholarship Fund Medicine Dept. of Animal Sciences Simon Matus Scholarships for Medical Students Leonard & Mary Cordes Endowment Fund for Richard & Ruth Gundelfinger Scholarships Mauerberger Foundation Scholarship Fund Scholarships, Faculty of Humanities Clarisse & Cornelius Gustav Memorial Fund for Dan & Dalia Maydan Scholarship & Student Aid Fund, Crown Family Foundation Fellowship Fund Scholarships in Jurisprudence Faculty of Science Sophie & Leonard Davis Scholars, Leonard Davis Habursa l’Niyarot Erech Scholarship Fund Dr. Sara Mekler-Weisz z”l Prize Fund, Rothberg Institute of International Relations Hadassah Women’s Zionist Organization Scholarship International School David Dayan Scholarship Fund Fund for Dental Medicine William & Bessie Meltzer & Daughter Scholarship Fund Harry Dean, Samuel Carson Family & Sandra Oveson Rosita Halac Scholarship Fund Joseph & Harvey Meyerhoff Family Charitable Fund Endowment Fund for American Students, Rothberg Theodore Harris Memorial Scholarship Fund Scholarships International School Rosalind Henwood Scholarship Fund Isadore E. Millstone Ph. D. Fellowships, Koret School of Dent Charitable Trust Scholarship Fund Harry Hershon Literary Prize Veterinary Medicine Haim Shaul & Joan R. Eliachar Fund, Lafer Center for Dr. Simon & Myriam Hertz z”l Student Aid Endowment Isadore E. Millstone for the Yair Engel Memorial Women’s Studies Fund in Medicine Scholarships in Rural Tourism Eph Diamond Scholarship Fund Jacob Hirsch Scholarship Fund in Archaeology Rene & Tillie M. Molho Charitable Remainder Annuity Eva Drabinsky Memorial Fund Jaime Benjamin & Cecilia Holzer Rozenberg Memorial Trust Phil Dunn Scholarship Fund Scholarship Hana Moller Scholarship Fund Marguerite & Maurice Edelstein Scholarship Fund Gerta House Scholarship Fund David & Miriam Mondry Graduate Scholarship in Emily Erskine Memorial Scholarship Fund International Sephardic Education Foundation (ISEF) Holocaust Studies Charlotte R. Falstein Scholarship Fund Scholarships Jolande N. Scholarship Fund Arthur P. Farrer Scholarship Fund in Education Linda & Michael Jacobs Charitable Trust, Student Fund Rose & Joshua Olsha Scholarship Endowment Fund Edward Fein Scholarships, Rothberg International School in Cancer Research Osher Foundation Scholarship Endowment Fund Michael & Penny Feiwel Graduate Scholarships, School Seymour Jacoby Fund, Rothberg International School Dr. Erich & Foga Neuberger Memorial Endowment Fund of Medicine Jewish Ethics Fellowship for Research Fellowships Sylvia & David I. A. Fine Scholarship Fund Carlos Junger Scholarship Fund Dr. Eva Neumann Scholarships in Psychology Robert J. Fisher Scholarship Fund Fanny Kaplan Scholarship Fund Aliza & Sam Nivy Scholarship Fund Susan Fisher Scholarship Fund, Economics Jane & Richard Karp Scholarship Fund Ontario Government Matching Fund Program Ethel & Simon Flegg z”l Scholarships of Excellence Eleanor & Herbert D. Katz Fellowship in Judaic Studies Jack and Alice Ormut Doctoral Program in Brain Joseph F. & Clara Ford z”l Scholarship Fund, Saltiel Maurice & Faye Kaufman z”l Scholarships Research: Computation and Information Processing Pre-Academic Center Albert Einstein Scholarship in the Name of Isaac Kaye Mr. & Mrs. Bernard Osher Grant, Rothberg International Freundlich Scholarship Fund Anna Kiss Memorial Endowment for General Academic School Erwin Friedlaender & Johanna z”l Friedlaender-Graetzer Purposes Sonia F. & Abraham G. Osler Scholarship Fund Endowment for Prizes in Excellence Louis Kitsis Rothberg School Scholarship Endowment Raphael Patai Memorial Endowment Fund Irene & Carlos Friedman Scholarship Fund, Nathaniel & Paulena Kleitman Scholarship Fund in Pears Family Charitable Foundation, Masters Program Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation Physiology in Plant Sciences for Overseas Students Irene & Carlos Friedman Scholarship Fund for Medical Paul & Selma Klingenstein Fellowship Fund in Pears Family Charitable Foundation Support for Masters Research Biomedical Research Students, Braun School of Public Health Isador & Ruth Friedman, Lloyd & Bunnie Kozloff Irwin & Beatrice Klipstein Memorial Scholarship Maritza Pionkowski Scholarship Fund Foundation Scholarships Charles & Gwyneth Kornitzer Endowment Fund Stephanie Pohorille Fund Sam & Cappy Gallant Scholarship Fund Edith K. Kriss Scholarship Endowment Fund Dora Polevsky Scholarship Fund Sarita Gantz Scholarship Fund Stanislawa Kryszek Award Israel Pollak Scholarship Fund Sir Arthur Gilbert Universities Tennis Tournament Lore Kuner-Ball Scholarship Fund Zofia Poratt Scholarship Fund Sir Arthur Gilbert Table Tennis Tournament Landa Center for Equal Opportunities in Education Simha & Malka Pratt z”l Student Aid, Scholarships & Louis Ginzberg Memorial Prize in Talmud Dr. Abraham Lane Medical Students Loan Fund Fellowship Thomas V. Girardi Scholarships in Law Paula Vial Lempert Scholarship Fund Morris Murray Pulver z”l Scholarship Fund Rita R. Gluck Scholarship Fund Ignatz & Lea (Sklarek) Lentschner Scholarship Fund Dr. Jerome Regunberg Memorial Scholarship Fund Goldie Anna Foundation, Einstein Scholarships in Yael Levin Doctoral Scholarship Fund Joseph & Sarah Regunberg Memorial Scholarship Fund Bioinformatics Anna Sobel Levy Fellowship Program Drs. Josephus Reynolds & Helen Tausend Reynolds Fund Dr. Jakub & Mrs. Helena Goldinberg z”l Scholarship H. Irwin Levy Scholarship Program Esther Romm Scholarship Fund Endowment Lewine Horizon Fund Scholarship Endowment A.J. & F.F. Rongy Research Fellowship Fund Richard & Rhoda Goldman Foundation for Scholarships Bernard Lewis Scholarship Fund Rosenbaum Fund for Student Scholarships for Disadvantaged Students Jeanette Lewis Scholarship Fund for Jewish Women Leona Rosenberg Scholarship Fund Samuel Goldstein Scholarship Fund Students Claire & Emanuel G. Rosenblatt Ph. D. Fellowships, Judith B. & Michael S. Goodman Scholarship Richard Lewis Scholarships for Student Soldiers Lautenberg Center Endowment Fund Liechtenstein Foundation Scholarship Fund Philipp Rothbart & Helene Gotheil Rothbart Endowment Judith & Michael Goodman Fund for Jewish & Julius, Eugene & Ray Lipsky Scholarship Endowment Fund Holocaust Studies Irene & J. Stephen Lipper Prizes in Excellence in Judaic Sonia Rothberg Medical Scholarships in Memory of Her Marco Goodman Scholarship Fund Studies Son, Dr. Paul Stephen Goodritz Kate Gottlieb Scholarships Miriam & Yaacov Livand Student Aid Endowment Fund Jaime Benjamin & Cecilia Holzer Rozenberg Memorial Dr. Leonard & Dorothy Gottlieb Scholarship Fund for Margot & David Lowy Yitzhak Rabin Scholarships Scholarships Medical Students Marianne & Sheldon B. Lubar Scholarship Fund Abe Rubin Scholarship Fund Lillian Leranbaum Scholarships in Cancer Research Luxembourg Foundation Scholarship Fund Allan Rubin z”l Scholarship Fund Robert Louis Greenberg Scholarship Fund Farah & Edward Mahlab Scholarship Endowment Fund James & Nina Rudel Scholarship Endowment Fund in Greenfield General Funds, Faculty of Medicine Max Mandell Memorial Endowment, established by World Literature Barbara & Hank Greenspun Endowed Scholarship Fund Edith Mandell z”l Rudin Family Foundation Fellowship Program Léon & Luiza Grosu Fund, Benin School of Engineering E. & J. Mantheim Hebrew University Educational Trust Max Schayngesicht Prize for English Poetry 58 Major Gifts

Ben Schendar Prize for Outstanding Students Tilly Weil Fund for Assistance to Young Scholars Major Gifts Israel & Gisela Schenker Memorial Scholarship Fund Tilly Weil Endowment Fund for American Students, Harriet Schiller Scholarship Fund (USA) Rothberg International School The Hebrew University expresses Lewis & Alice Schimberg Scholarship Endowment Fund Robert Weinbaum Scholarship Fund Walter & Sara Schlesinger Scholarship Endowment in Weinberg-Cohen Fund in Economics its deepest appreciation to Holocaust Studies Abraham F. Wechsler & Jeanne Wechsler Scholarship the following for their major Betty Schorr Endowment Fund Fund Zachary Schreier Scholarship Fund Jeanne Wechsler Medical Scholarships contributions. Through their Arno & Hella Seefeldt Memorial Prize Elozor L. Weiss Endowed Scholarship Fund generous support, the University Allan H. & Suzanne L. Selig Merit Scholarship Goldie Weisstein Medical Scholarships Endowment Fund for Students, Rothberg Fritz Werner Blumenthal & Ursula Johanna Blumenthal is able to employ the outstanding International School of Western Australia, Student Aid Endowment Fund faculty, build the teaching and Lise & Herbert J. Seligmann Scholarship Fund in Eleanor Sabina (Ruth) Wertheim Endowment Fund for Government & Public Policy Visiting Australian Fellows research facilities, and provide Hon. Solomon & Frances Seruya Scholarships Natalie Yakimoff School of Pharmacy Scholarship in the enhanced student learning Annette Shankman Rieder z”l Scholarships Memory of Frank Moffett Bella & George Shannon Student Aid Endowment Fund Dr. Arthur & Gertrude Yarman Endowed Scholarship Fund environments that are vital to its Shalom Fania Fund, JNUL Anna Zafran Math Scholarship Endowment Fund ongoing pursuit of excellence. This Edward Shapiro Scholarship Fund, Department of David L. Zemsky Chicagoland Endowment Fund Economics Erwin z”l & Isabelle Ziegelman Scholarship Fund list includes gifts of $100,000 and Sabina D. & Benjamin Shapiro z”l Scholarship Endowment Simcha Zuchovitsky Fellowship in Mathematics above, October 1995-January 2007. Joseph C. Shenker Scholarship Endowment Fund George Zuckman Scholarship Fund Dr. Seymour Shore Endowment Fund Rae Zwicker & Edward Zwicker Educational Fund Sikorsky Family Scholarship Endowment Fund, Interdisciplinary Center for Neural Computation Undesignated Gifts Argentina Bernard Silbert Scholarship Fund Additional major gifts have been pledged to the Moises Vesfrid, z”l* Edith Silver Scholarship Endowment Campaign in general. These funds will be designated to Simon Silverman Scholarship Fund for Studies in areas that are crucial to ensuring the Hebrew University Australia Philosophy a strong and secure future: Larry Adler Foundation for Diabetes Research Mitchell & Bea Singer Scholarship Fund Lyndi & Rodney Adler Harry Simons Scholarship Fund Mortimer Abrashkin Memorial Fund Esme Benjamin, z”l Sklan Family Scholarship Fund in Jewish Studies Adelman-Saret Fund in Memory of Israel & Clara Rene & Henry Bester, z”l Betty & Arthur Skowron Scholarships Adelman & Lewis A. Saret, Esq. Henry Bialylew, z”l Charles E. Smith z”l Endowment, Israel Center for Jacob Allalouf Fritz Werner Blumenthal & Ursula Johanna Blumenthal, z”l Psychobiology Stephen & Judith Beiner Fund Stanley Burley, z”l* Howard J. Soifer Scholarship Endowment Fund Martin Billins Dora & Ian Cameron, z”l* J. Louis Sokolov Free Loan Endowment Fund Simon Bond Gift Castan Family Theresa Sollman Scholarship Endowment Fund Anny Birnbaum Brieger & Clarence E. Brieger Sir Zelman Cowen Trust Fund* Daniel Soloducho Scholarship Fund and Edith Birnbaum Oblatt & George D. Oblatt Hans & Edith Dreyer, z”l Sonneborn Fund Fund Esther Elias, z”l Nat & Rosalie Sorkin Scholarship Endowment Fund Marie Coppens Gift Agnes & Berel Ginges* Henry Spenadel z”l Scholarships, Dental Medicine Lottie & Irving Elman Gift Dr. Jakub & Mrs. Helena Goldinberg, z”l Albert Spiegel Scholarship & Fellowship Fund Adele Friedland Gift Honig Family Trust Louis & Edith Freed Spivak Endowed Scholarship Fund Leo & Sara Heiman Fund Otto Karpfen, z”l Max Stern z”l Scholarship Fund Jack Hoffman Gift Walter Kohn, z”l Sir Sigmund & Lady Sternberg Foundation for Husman Family Foundation Dinah & Henry z”l Krongold* Interreligious Studies Sylvia Grossman Gift Chaja Lendower, z”l Carol A. Stevens-Walvish Postdoctoral Fellowship in Margaret H. Gruenbaum Gift Helen & Borrie Liberman Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine Sophie Kalina Gift Rachael & Albert Liddell Evelyn Stieber Bernstein & Otto Stieber z”l Scholarship Edith Kaufman Margo & David Lowy Fund Faye Kaufman Fund Shirley & Frank Lowy AO & Family Haim Stoessel z”l Scholarship Fund Herman Kerner z”l Gift Ira & Isador Magid AM, z”l* Hans G. & Alice Jay Sussman Scholarship Endowment Edith Korn Gift Piroska Major, z”l Fund Sophie & Stephan Lewar, z”l Dr. Anna Manheim, z”l Mrs. Robert Szold Scholarship Fund Charlotte l. Loeb Gift Dr. Jacob Mantheim, z”l Marvin Walter Tasem Memorial Scholarship Fund Todd & Morissa Lundy Gift Helen Max, z”l Charles & France Taine Scholarship Endowment Fund in Marvin H. Myers Gift Augusta & Ludvik Menasche, z”l Human Interrelations NACDS Charitable Foundation Anna Emma Mondschein z”l Morton L. & Rochelle Tarter Scholarship Endowment Sarah F. Newmark Memorial Fund Kurt & Rose Anna Neubauer, z”l David Teitelbaum Prize in English Literature Polonsky Foundation Fund Foga Neuberger, z”l* Tel Dor Scholarship Fund Grace R. & Milton Rabson Fund Wolfie Pizem Student Aid Endowment Freda Thau Memorial Endowment for Canadian Dr. Livia Ross Gift Zofia & Emanuel Poratt, z”l Students, by Isaac & Judy Thau Dr. Aron Schlachter Fund Richard Pratt Foundation Monte Toole Scholarships, Benin School of Engineering Rosalie & Isadore Sharp Juanita Renensson, z”l & Computer Science Cyril & Betty Stein Fund Cyril Rosenbaum, z”l Dr. Zvi Vasserman, Dr. Gershon Preil Scholarship Edith & Martin Stein Gift Henry Roth, z”l Endowment Fund Hans Strauss Gift Henry Roth Parkinson Research Foundation Albert & Elaine z”l Viton Scholarship Fund Siegfried & Elise Sussman Fund Bella & George z”l Shannon Elvira Urbach z”l Scholarship Fund Moises Vesfrid gift Helen Sherler, z”l Waller Family Perpetual Educational Endowment Fund Monroe Vincent Charitable Trust Robert Simons & Family Moritz & Charlotte Warburg Scholarship Fund Harold H. Weinberg & Miriam Benjamin Lottie AO & Victor AO Smorgon Major Gifts 59

Lisbeth Stern, z”l Edith Holman, z”l I. & K.E.* Programming Information Systems Ltd Paulina & Bronislaw Stein, z”l Kahanoff Foundation Irene & Carlos Friedmann, z”l* RAD Data Communications Jetty Swiadostsch, z”l Leon Katz, z”l Land Mecklenburg Sacta-Rashi Foundation* Sini Sophia Vecht, z”l Faye & Maurice Kaufman, z”l* Kurt & Hildegard R. Foundation Rich Foundation Marcel Waller, z”l Dr. Phyllis Lambert Ruf zur Versöhnung Josephina & Ephraim Rom Eleanor & Joe Wertheim, z”l Berl Lapidus, z”l Gerson-Michaelis Fund Margaret Salis, z”l Claire & Emery Yass, z”l* Laboratoire Riva Genpharm Sam Sebba, z”l (also UK) Joseph Lebovic Gibraltar Fania Shalom Austria Ida & Iser z”l Lev Hon. Solomon & Frances Seruya Naomi Shechtman, z”l Anonymous Stephan & Sophie Lewar, z”l* Aryeh & Rivka Shenkar Fund* Susan F. David J. Lewis, z”l Israel Adir & Chaim Shoshan Government of Austria* The Reuben Kunin & Samuel Lunenfeld Adler Family Frieda Sklan, z”l Dr. Peter & Dr. Ellen Landesmann* Medical Research Foundation* Agilent Technologies State Committee for the Allocation of Robert L. Alice Kusiel de Vorreuter,z’l* Agricultural Research Authority Funds & Legacies Jolanda N. Edith S. Mandell, z”l Aleh Society Sylvain J. Sternberg Rudolfine Steindling Prof. Oscar Marantz, z”l Jacob Allalouf Haim Stoessel Fund Municipality of Vienna Jean Matlow Marcel Amariglio Dr. Morris Tannenbaum, z”l Marta W. Alice & George Melcer, z”l Yigal Arnon Marvin Walter Tasem, z”l (also US) Bank of Nova Scotia Ella Atlas, z”l Tel Dor Computer Systems Belgium Onex Corporation Avi Chai Foundation* Shirley & George Weinstein Adut Legacy Alice & Jack Ormut* (also Hong Kong) Albert Benin, z”l* Yad Hanadiv-Jerusalem* B.-W. Family* Simha & Maurice Peress Betty Sarah & Sidney Berg, z”l (also Herbert Cohn, z”l* Wilfred Posluns* South Africa) Italy Kandiyoti Family Morris Murray Pulver, z”l* Pepka Bergman, z”l Family B. Yvonne & Leon Maiersdorf, z”l Annette & Henry Rieder, z”l Bracha & Ya’acov Brenner, z”l Vittoria Corinaldi, z”l* Ben Schendar, z”l Clara Robert Ariella Brin Marta G. Pinkous Wakz-Haim Menahem Rotman, z”l Caesarea Edmond Benjamin de Leo Guld Estate of Adelle Saper, z”l Rothschild Foundation N. Family Canada Lorna Greenberg Scherzer Cellcom Israel Ltd Viton Sardon Dr. André & Nussia Aisenstadt* Leonard & Faigel Shapiro Center for Senior Educational Manpower Giancarlo E.V. Judith Alt Rosalie & Isadore Sharp Meir Chet Amelia Valenti Vigevani, z”l* Vidal Angel, z”l* Liza Trejbicz Sheinson, z’l Elat Family Anonymous Dr. John & Etta Sherman, z”l Oded & Toni Eliashar Japan Apotex Inc. Joseph Shier Federmann Family Foundation* Yoko Civilization Research Institute Israel z”l & Babs Asper* Sam Solomon, z”l Luba & Abraham Fine Dr. Eva Bene, z”l Mynne & Harold Soupcoff Raya Gensler Liechtenstein Kaye & Harry Bernstein, z”l* Alex Soyka Devorah Goltzmann Liechtenstein Foundation Ben Birstein, z”l Lil Stein, z”l* Aaron Gutwirth Fund Adolph & Klara Brettler, z”l* Dr. Max Stern, z”l* Bank Hapoalim Luxembourg Peter Brojde, z”l* Estate of Joseph Tanenbaum Miriam Hasid Luxembourg Foundation* Andrea z”l & Charles Bronfman/CRB Judy & Isaac Thau Dr. David Hazelkorn Foundation Toronto Bike Missions Israel Discount Bank Mexico Stephen Bronfman Maurice Trager, z”l Israel Stock Exchange Sara Mekler-Weisz, z”l CIBC World Markets Henry & Sylvia Waks Yechiel Hibshoosh & Yehudith Hibshoosh Samuel H. Cohen Dr. Joel & Margaret z”l Wilbush* Ruth Histrin, z”l Monaco Adolph Cosiner, z”l Yeshayahu Horn Fund E.R. La Fondation Marcelle et Jean Coutu Denmark Yeshayahu Horowitz Fund Monsi Foundation Robert & Pearl Day, z”l Anonymous Rina Horowitz, z”l Mortimer Deckelbaum, z”l Ministry of Industry & Trade The Netherlands Estate of Rita Dobrofsky, z”l France Intel Corporation S. Family Eva Drabinsky, z”l Almosnino Family International Sephardic Education S.B. Familie Fonds Helen Kitaj Dzialoszynski, z”l Anonymous* Foundation (ISEF) H.-K. Family Eldee Foundation* Michelle & Robert Assaraf Daniel Jacobson Amely Weinberg-Cohen, z”l* George & Mia Erdos D.B. Raya & Joseph Jaglom Beverley & H. Lawrence Fein N.B. Jerusalem Association Poland Ethel & Simon Flegg, z”l* Bismut Legacy Jerusalem Development Authority The Republic of Poland Magda & Mendi Freundlich, z”l Deniker Family Komarof Fund Gerda Steinitz Frieberg Dr. Eviatar Family Ministry of Labor Russia Johanna Friedlaender, z”l* Rose & Paul z”l Feher* Landa-Shavit Fund Mark Shabad Jack Gardner, z”l Sonia Feigenbaum, z”l Bank Leumi* Gregory Schtulberg Rose Marie & Leon Glassman* Kelman Family* Yael Levine Fund Sara Golaszewski, z”l Kluger Family Miriam & Yaacov Leyvand, z”l South Africa Janet & Mark Gottdenker M. M. Hannah Margalit Anonymous Michael Gottdenker, z”l Nessis Family Helen & Shmuel Minskers, z”l Aaron Beare Foundation Abe Gray, z”l* Ann L.O. (also US)* Rahel Mizrahi, Moshe Ben Yosef & Elsa Jonathan Beare Foundation Alfred Groberman, z”l Stella Rozan* Eliashar, z”l* Betty Sarah & Sidney Berg, z”l (also Israel) Dr. Michael Guggenheim Spitzberg Estate Hannah Nedivi, z”l Esther & Jack Edelman, z”l Sandor & Susan z”l Guttman Liliane z”l & Elia Z. Miriam Pelton Sara & Leo Heiman, z”l Roz & Ralph Halbert* Paula Petowski Hennie Kirshon, z”l Sol Hecht, z”l Germany Israel Pollak, z”l Louise Kuttner, z”l Sella Heller, z”l Anonymous Lydia Preil, z”l P.A. Leon, z”l 60 Major Gifts

S. Mankowitz, z”l Clore Foundation (Dame Vivien Duffield Cyril & Betty Stein Charitable Trust Leon Bess, z”l Mauerberger Foundation DBE)* Sir Sigmund & Lady Sternberg Cissie G. Bevilacqua Nehemiah & Minnie Philips Scholarship Joan Denham Coates, z”l Rita & Charles Stevens Sarah M. Bialer, z”l Fund Arnold Cohen Lily Tapper, z”l Biblical Archaeology Society Benjamin Reinhold Foundation Cecilia Cohen, z”l Martha Troubman, z”l Rosalin Bieber, z”l Max Shapiro Will Trust Ethel Cohen, z”l Gerrit Versteeg, z”l Harry Biele, z”l Eric Samson Craps Charitable Trust Warbeck Fund Ltd Lawrence Biele, z”l Miriam Schwesinger, z”l Hyman Davidson Rachel Western, z”l Martin & Amy Billins, z”l* Arthur & Betty Skowron, z”l DMF Franklin Trust (Myrtle Franklin- Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust (Lord Morris Blank, z”l Ellenbogen) Wolfson of Sunningdale)* Maurice Bletterman, z”l Sweden Dr David Boaz & Mrs Maria Ida Doran Wolfson Family Charitable Trust (Lord Helen M. Block, z”l Ida & Eliezer z”l Ardow Ilse Erlich, z”l Wolfson of Marylebone FBA)* Louis C. Blumberg Foundation Edith & Julius z”l Bamberger* Emily Erskine, z”l* Wolfson Foundation* Eli Blumenfeld, z”l Anna & Arnold Broniatowski, z”l Penny & Michael z”l Feiwel* Della & Fred Worms OBE Harry Blumenthal, z”l Marta, Gunhild & Jeanne Nisell, z”l Dvorah & Charles Fox Yad Hanadiv (Lord Jacob Rothschild Ruth Blumenthal Zwie Hirsch Nissalowitz, z”l Fresh Initiative Fund GBE)* Rita & Ernest Bogen* Sonja Ritoff-Klein, z”l Ernest Galinsky, z”l Roberta & Stanley M. Bogen* Dr. Margot Garcia* United States Bogen Family* Switzerland Garfield Weston Israel Trust Anonymous* Hyman Bolotin, z”l Anonymous* Dame Susan Garth, z”l* Anonymous Simon Bond, z”l Anonymous Dr. Marian Gilbert, z”l Abraham Aaroni, z”l* Emil Bonyhady & Gertrude Bonyhady Anonymous Salome Green Eva & S. Daniel Abraham Linderman, z”l Anonymous Theodore Harris, z”l Nira & Kenneth Abramowitz Sophie Bookhalter, M.D., z”l* Anonymous HSBC Bank of London Dr. Mortimer D. Abrashkin, z”l Ruth & Alan Borenstein, z”l S.A. Marie Amelia Heller Nancy L. & Andrew S. Adelson Rachel & Abraham Bornstein, z”l Barecha Foundation Michael & Morven Heller Ahmanson Foundation* Mae & Louis H. Boyar, z”l* Basilisk Fund* Irish Friends of the Hebrew University Sol Alcalay, z”l William S. Boyd Herbert B. Israel Colonisation Association* Luise Alexander, z”l Martin & Mary Boyer Samuel Beckermus, z”l Linda & Michael Jacobs Charitable Trust Dr. Carl Allinson, z”l Harold & Harriet Brady Raymond z”l & Janine Bollag-Blum* Jacob & Lena Joels Charitable Trust Dr. Seymour & Cecile Alpert Judith Brahin* André & Nicole Bollag-Bloch, z”l (Prof. Norman Joels & Harold Joels)* Alpha Omega Foundation & The Alpha Prof. Daniel Branton Octav Botnar* Ann & Brian Karet Omega International Dental Fraternity* Michael Braude, z”l Backer Chandler Atia Kaufman, z”l American Jewish Joint Distribution Katherine B. Braun Prof. H.G.D. Andrew E. Kingsley, z”l Committee* Vivian & Ernest Braun, z”l A & V. E. Kennedy-Leigh Charitable Trust (Gerald Annenberg Foundation* Anny Birnbaum Brieger & Clarence E. Stephen F. Leigh & Family)* Evelyn L. & Prof. Robert Z. Apte Brieger and Edith Birnbaum Oblatt & Dr. G. & J. G. Foundation Hyman Kreitman, z”l Ariowitsch Family Foundation* George D. Oblatt, z”l* Hans Hussy Evelyn Kryszek, z”l Joseph Arkin, z”l Charlotte & Irvin M. z”l Brodsky* Suzanne Kaplan Leo Leffmann, z”l* Arvey Foundation Frances & Herbert Brody, z”l* Otto Karpfen, z”l Esta Lefton Gutman Lee Asher, z”l Abraham & Adele Browner, z”l* Lore Kuner-Ball Vivien & Roger Lewis Sara Asher, z”l Lotte Brueck, z”l Foundation M. & J.I.L. Adrianne & Clive Marks Automatic Data Processing Leon Bryk, z”l Marie France & Francis Minkoff Humanitarian & Matwei Gunsborg Trusts Pauline & Arthur Bakalar, z”l Prof. Monroe Burk Reuben Trust Rachel & Jacob Liss, z”l Silvia & Milton z”l Bard* I. Cabakoff S. Foundation (Ismene Fitch The Pears Foundation Theodore & Mina Bargman Foundation Harriet K. & Fred Cahnmann, z”l Georgacopulo, z”l) Elliot R. Philipp Barry Foundation CAMBR Foundation Walter Schindler, z”l Stephanie Pohorille, z”l Maxine & Harry z”l Batalin* Thalia & Michael z”l Carlos Edith Schwarzmann, z”l Polonsky Foundation (Dr. Leonard Larry Baxter Bernice & Lewis z”l Caspe S. Family Polonsky) Ruth Baxter, z”l Jeff & Naomi z”l Caspe Esther S.* Edith & Ferdinand Porjes Charitable Trust Margaret Beer, z”l Chais Family Foundation* David W.* Felix Posen* Stephen F. & Judith S. Beiner Chartwell Charitable Foundation J.E. Posnansky Charitable Trust Arthur & Rochelle Belfer Foundation, Inc.* Joseph z”l & Marion Chudnow Family* United Kingdom Edward & Anna Roche Diane Belfer* Dr. Melvin & Edith Clayman Anonymous Jeffery Rose Judith Ben-Or, z”l Dr. D. Walter & Betty z”l Cohen Aimwell Charitable Trust (Myrna & Isaac Rosetrees Trust Dr. Esther Benenson Ellen E. & Victor J. Cohn Kaye)* John & Jeremy Sacher Charitable Trust John Berg Lois & Willard Cohodas* Kenneth & Eva Alberman (John Sacher CBE, Jeremy Sacher, Miriam & Sol Berg* Samuel M. Cohodas, z”l* Lord Ashdown Charitable Settlement & Michael Sacher)* Charles I. Berger, z”l* Wendy & Victor Coleman Clive Marks Sam Sebba, z”l (also Israel) Lillian Berinstein, z”l Colgate Palmolive Company Balint Charitable Trust Sarah Segar, z”l Jack Berlin Ralph F. Colton, z”l Aline Berlin Betty Shane Mandell L. & Madeleine H. Berman Columbia Foundation Ellis Birk, z”l Harry & Abe Sherman Foundation Foundation Concern Foundation* Valerie Elisabeth Borger, z”l Archie Sherman Charitable Trust Melvin Berman & Family The Jaime z”l Constantiner Family Neil Bradman (Michael & Jackie Gee, Allan & Diana Muriel Berman, z”l* Marie Coppens z”l Arnold Braham (legacy) Morgenthau, Nicholas & Rosalyn Martha J. Bernheim, z”l Mary & Leonard Cordes British Friends Disaster Appeal Springer)* Dr. Sanford A. Berman, z”l Dr. Sidney L. & Sylvia G. Crewes, z”l The A & S Burton Charitable Settlement Miriam Silberberg, z”l Adele & Jules Bernstein Edward Crown Foundation The R M Burton Charitable Settlement Geoffrey Simmonds Evelyn Stieber Bernstein, z”l* Crown Foundation* Clive & Judy Callman Sobell Foundation* Solomon & Anna Bernstone, z”l Janice & Billy Crystal Millicent & Edward Carew-Shaw, z”l * Dr. Froma Sommerville, z”l Edna Beron, z”l Joanne Cummings, z”l Hilary Clive Rusty Sotnick Barbara & Harold Berry The Nathan Cummings Foundation Major Gifts 61

Fanny Davidson, z”l Patty Glaser & Sam Mudie Foundation* Paula Vial Lempert, z”l Madeline Davidson, z”l Lillian Gleicher Betty-Jane Isador, z”l Pauline Lempert, z”l Sophie & Leonard Davis, z”l* Nancy S. & Lawrence E. Glick* Israel Humanitarian Foundation, Inc. Dr. Esther M. Lentschner, z”l Harry Dean, Sandra Ovesen & Samuel Ruth & Herman Glickman, z”l Aaron Jackson Cilla & George Lepehne, z”l* Carson* Gluck Family Fund Lillian Jackson, z”l Annette M. & Theodore N. Lerner Family The Baron de Hirsch Fund* Rita R. Gluck, z”l Benita & Dr. Joseph z”l Jacobs Foundation* Miki Denhof, z”l Adolph Goetz, z”l Florence & Seymour Jacoby Wolf Leslau Densen Family Foundation Goldie Anna Charitable Trust* Louis z”l, Annabelle S. & Barry Jaffe Moe Levin, z”l Bertha Densen, z”l Rhoda z”l & Richard Goldman Jesselson Foundation* Vivian & Martin Levin* Sarah Jane & Paul z”l Densen Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation* Jewish Community Federation of Cleveland Barbara Levinson Reva Dessauer Etta M. & Nathaniel L. Goldstein, z”l Jewish Federation of Greater Washington Rose K. & Charles G. Le Vita Helen & Sanford Diller* Dr. Israel & Bertha Goldstein, z”l* Ruth Joffe, z”l Anna Sobol Levy Foundation Dorot Foundation* Melvin S. z”l & Lolita E. Goldstein Charlotte & Louis Kaitz & Family* Henry Levy, z”l Phil Dunn, z”l Samuel N. Goldstein, z”l Betty R. Kalin, z”l H. Irwin Levy George Durst, z”l Ann Golenpaul, z”l Sophie Kalina Dr. Yale S. Lewine & Ella Miller Lewine z”l Samuel R. Dweck Foundation, Inc. Judith B. & Michael S. Goodman* Linda R. Kaminow (The Louis & Emanuel Bernard Lewis Charitable Foundation Florence & Philip Dworsky, z”l* Dr. Marco Goodman G. Rosenblatt Foundation)* Paul S. & Jeanette z”l Lewis* Ann & Joseph Edelman, z”l* Mollie E. & David L. Goodman, z”l* Edythe Kane, z”l Richard E. Lewis Dewey Edelman Lisa Goodstein, z”l Fanny Kaplan, z”l Dr. Joseph D. & Natalie Lieberman, z”l* Marguerite & Maurice Edelstein Hymie Gordon, z”l Helen & Isaac Kaplan Frayda & George L. Lindemann Mildred & Sidney Edelstein, z”l* Patricia & Mark Richard Gordon Sam Kaplan, z”l Anna M. Lipsky, z”l Sonya & Samuel Edelstein, z”l* Kate Gottlieb, z”l Sara Hirsch Kaplan Alsace L. Lirtzman z”l Education & Arts Foundation Audrey L. & Kenneth S. Gould Mona Karff, z”l Harold I. & Faye B. Liss Family Sara Einberg, z”l Tammy Gould Jane & Richard Karp Lucius N. Littauer Foundation Fannie S. Eisemann, z”l Cecilia & John Howard Grace, z”l Maurice J. & Fay B. Karpf, z”l* Robert & Jean Litvin David H. & Frances H. Eisenberg Louise & Alex Grass* Felix M. Katar, z”l Shirley Litwak, z”l David & Stephanie Eisenberg Lois & Edward Grayson George A. & Frances R. Katz Family Charlotte I. Loeb, z”l Helen & Stanford z”l Eisenberg* Irwin & Bethea Green Foundation* The Frederick Loewe Foundation Haim & Joan Eliachar, z”l Ike & Peggy Greenberg, z”l George A. z”l & Frances R. Katz Margit Lowenstein & Martin Lowenstein Alyce K. & Leon J. Ell, z”l Jane Greenberg Ellie & Herbert D. Katz Marianne & Sheldon B. Lubar Lottie & Irving Elman, z”l Hilde Greenfield, z”l Sheela & Sid Katz and Family Roman Lubetzky, z”l Jeffrey Epstein Foundation Barbara & Hank z”l Greenspun* Edith Schoenberger-Kaufman, z”l* Todd & Morissa Lundy Charlotte R. Falstein, z”l Henry Greenway, z”l Hilde & Fritz Kaufmann, z”l Allison & Howard W. Lutnick Arthur P. Farrer, z”l Dr. Leslie Grey, z”l Dr. Rudolf & Mrs. Eva A. Kayser, z”l* M/I Homes Foundation Bertha G. Fass, z”l Charles Grosberg Foundation Herman Kerner, z”l Harold & Rhonda Magid Edward Fein* Emil Gross Anna Kirsch, z”l Hilda Magoulas, z”l Rubin & Luba z”l Feryszka Dr. Gisela Stein Gross & Edward Gross, z”l Anna Kiss, z”l Farah & Edward S. Mahlab z”l Family Mrs. Louis P. Fiedler Joel & Terry S. z”l Gross Florence & Louis Kitsis, z”l Della Maiden, z”l Sylvia Rose Fine, z”l Neil, Mindy & Elysabeth Grossman Raizel & Max Klein, z”l* Mandel Family* Prof. Franklin M. Fisher & Ellen Paradise Samuel Grossman, z”l Nathaniel & Paulena S. Kleitman, z”l* William M. Mandl, z”l Fisher Sylvia Grossman, z”l Selma & Paul z”l Klingenstein* Connie & Martinn Mandles J. Robert Fisher, z”l* Robert z”l & Sylvia Grossman Irwin & Beatrice I. Klipstein, z”l Jon Mann Marjorie & Max Fisher, z”l Margaret H. Gruenbaum, z”l Philip Klutznick, z”l Thomas Mann Theresa & Michael J. Foley Audrey & Martin Gruss Arlene & Robert P. Kogod* Abbie L. Manster, z”l* Natalie & Paul S. Forbes Ruth Gundelfinger Koret Foundation* Ben Marcus z”l & Steve Marcus Leo & Julia Forchheimer Foundation* Clarisse Gustav, z”l Edith Korn, z”l Joseph Markel, z”l Joseph F. & Clara Ford, z”l Esther Haas, z”l Charles Kornitzer, z”l Grace & Béla z”l Marquit Lynn Forester Miriam & Peter Haas Fund Edith Kriss, z”l Louis z”l & Sonia Marschak Lena & Benjamin Forhman z”l* Max z”l & Rita Haber* Constance & Harvey M. Krueger* Hon. Abraham Lincoln Marovitz, z”l Prof. Teree Foster, z”l Zipporah Haber Marlene Kulwin, z”l Werner Marx, z”l* Peter Fox, z”l Yvonne Hackenbroch Ida Kurtz, z”l Lena Masor, z”l Jeanne Franklin, z”l Hadassah Women’s Zionist Organization* Michael & Carol Kurtz Saleh R. z”l & Violet Masri Lillian & Harry Freedman Hadassah Medical Relief Association Charlie & Seryl Kushner Simon S. Matus, z”l* Sophie & Hershel Freidkes, z”l Milton & Miriam Handler Foundation Barbara & Fred S. Lafer Sophie Matzkin, z”l Adele Friedland, z”l Irving Brooks Harris, z”l* Sara z”l & Simha Lainer Dan & Dalia z”l Maydan* Jack Friedland J. Ira & Nicki Harris Carolyn Lane, z”l James S. McDonnell Foundation Prof. & Mrs. Gerald M. Friedman Martin & Laverne Hecht Renee Lang, z”l Enid McKenna Soifer, z”l Ruth B. Friedman, z”l Marion Heller, z”l Stanley Langendorf Jewish Fund Drs. Matilda & Joseph z”l Melnick Eleanor N. Fromer, z”l Rosalind Henwood* Jack Langsam, z”l Florence Zacks Melton, z”l* Andreas Gal Herbst Private Family Foundation* Hyman Lansky, z”l Samuel Mendel Melton Foundation* Cappy & Sam Gallant, z”l Edith Kavey Hershon Lee & Hans z”l Lasker Joseph & Rebecca Meyerhoff Family Trust* Sarita & Jack z”l Gantz Roger & Susan Hertog Frances & Bernard Laterman Meyerhoff & Katz Families* Susie & Michael Gelman Anna M. Hewitt, z”l Senator Frank R. Lautenberg* Jeanette (Tova) & Paul E. z”l Migdal Jean & Meyer Gensburg, z”l* Jacob Hirsch, z”l* Leder Family Philanthropic Fund Rhona Miller, z”l* Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert, z”l* Rose Hoffman, z”l Lehman Brothers Goldie z”l & Isadore Millstone* Sir Arthur z”l & Lady Marjorie Gilbert Prof. & Mrs. Gerald Holton Silvia & Irwin H. Leiferman, z”l Phillip P. & Estelle G. Mizock, z”l* Gilo Family Foundation* Shirley & Irwin Holtzman Erna D. & Henry J. Leir, z”l* Susanne & Bertram z”l Mock Dr. Eli & Ruth Ginzberg, z”l Horwitz Family Fund Henry J. Leir Charitable Trusts* Dr. George & Rochelle Mocsari, z”l Thomas V. Girardi Gerta House, z”l The Leir Charitable Foundations* Rene z”l & Matilda Molho Floraine & Jerry L. z”l Gitell* David L. Husman* Reggie & Aleck Leitman, z”l* Hana Moller, z”l Dr. Susan A. Gitelson ISEF, International Sephardic Education Madeleine Lejwa, z”l* Miriam & David z”l Mondry 62 Major Gifts

Monroe Milstein Family George W. Rose, z”l* Hilda Shaw, z”l Mary Ann Tuft Astrid & Henry Montor, z”l* Isidore Roseman, z”l Rose Sherman, z”l Elvira Urbach, z”l Moriah Fund* Angela & Myron Rosenbach Reginald Shinbaum, z”l Dena Vertchamp, z”l Charles Muller, z”l Leona Z. Rosenberg* Sadie Shinbaum, z”l David Vickter, z”l Irving Muller, z”l Claire & Emanuel G. Rosenblatt, z”l* Dr. Seymour M. Shore, z”l Monroe Vincent Mydans Foundation The Louis & Emanuel G. Rosenblatt Lillian & Harvey L. z”l Silbert Family* Joan & Donald Vinik The David N. & Inez Myers Foundation* Foundation Jeanne & Stephen Silbert Dr. Albert & Elaine z”l Viton Marvin H. Myers, z”l Frieda T. Rosenblum, z”l Margerete Silton, z”l Dorothy & Walter Vogel Gertrude Nathan, z”l Andrew & Pearl Rosenfeld, z”l Isidore & Edith Silver, z”l* Maria von Hofmannsthal, z”l National Association of Chain Drug Stores Livia H. Rosenfeld, z”l Blanche Silverman, z”l Wachtell Lipton Rosen & Katz National Council of Jewish Women* Dr. Livia Ross, z”l Simon P. Silverman, z”l Norman & Nina Wain Lenore & Murray Neidorf Heidi Rothberg Jack W. Simmons, z”l Paula Wallech, z”l Gertrude Neumann, z”l Jean & Samuel Rothberg* The Simms Szymanowicz Family Fund Moritz & Charlotte Warburg Memorial Dr. Eva Neumann, z”l Sonia Rothberg, z”l Marvin & Tina Simner Fund* Stephanie & Herbert Neuman Della Rothenberg, z”l Prof. Rita Simon Betty Warren, z”l Newhouse Trust Raphael & Shelley Rothstein Harry Simons, z”l* Dan K. Wassong* Helaine & Lawrence Newman Jane Rottenberg, z”l Mitchell & Bea Singer Henriette L. Wayne, z”l* Sarah Newmark, z”l Jack Rounick Dr. S. Fred Singer Evelene Wechsler Aliza Nivy Helen C. Rowen William & Naomi Singer, z”l Jeanne Wechsler, z”l Reesa & Gerald Niznick* Abe Rubin, z”l Skirball Foundation* Robert Wechsler Shoshana Noily z”l Allan Rubin, z”l Charles E. Smith, z”l* Clara & Maurice Weil, z”l* Walter & Vera Obermeyer Mary Rubin, z”l* Charles E. Smith Family Foundation Dr. Hans & Tilly Weil, z”l* Susie & Karl z”l Oberwager* Drs. James & Nina Rudel, z”l Clarice & Robert H. Smith* Robert Weinbaum, z”l Rose & Joshua Olsha, z”l Jack & Lewis z”l Rudin Elizabeth & David Bruce Smith Harold H. Weinberg & Miriam Benjamin Ann L.O. *(also France) May & Samuel Rudin Family Foundation, J. Louis Sokolov, z”l Joy & Jerome A. Weinberger Mary Gerber Oppenheim Inc.* Theresa Sollman, z”l Paul & Eleanor Weiner Helga z”l & Walter Oppenheimer* Keith & Herbert Sachs & Families* Inger-Mä & Rudolf Sonneborn, z”l* Isak & Rose Weinman Foundation Julius Oppenheimer, z”l* Dr. Lisbeth Sachs-Stern, z”l* Helen & Bernard Soref, z”l Raquel Weisberger, z”l Rose Orloff, z”l Robert Saligman Foundation* Frieda & Professor Arnold Soren, z”l Sol Weisman, z”l Bernard Osher Jewish Philanthropies* Hans Salter, z”l* Ira Lee & Ellen M. Sorkin Alice Weiss, z”l Abraham & Sonia Osler, z” l Lewis & Ali Sanders* Rosalie Sorkin Carl Weiss, z”l Paula & O. J. Owens Vivian Saret, z”l Irene J. Spanier, z”l Rabbi Elozor L. Weiss, z”l Leona & David Palmer, z”l Lori & Harvey Sarner Henry Spenadel, z”l Goldie Weisstein, z”l Col. Harold L. Palmer Vidal Sassoon Foundation* Frances & Benjamin Sperling, z”l* Gertrude Wellisch, z”l Prof. Daphne Patai & Dr. Jennifer Dr. Sondra Nemser Scarf, z”l Bernice Spiegel William Westerman, z”l Schneider Milton Schamach Foundation, Inc. Ernest Spiegel, z”l Wexner Foundation Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Henry Schein, Inc. Steven Spielberg* Abigail & Leslie Wexner Garrison LLP Augusta & Stefan Schenker, z”l Richard M. Spivak Marvin & Hanna Wildenberg PEF Israel Endowment Funds, Inc.* Ellen & George A. Schieren Mr. & Mrs. Martin Stein Etta & Harold Winokur, z”l Prof. Martin Peretz Betty & Herbert z”l Schiff Louis & Bessie Stein Foundation Norman & Rosita Winston Foundation* Jane & Harold z”l Perlman Harriet Schiller, z”l Nancy & Kenneth L. Stein Robert I. Wishnick Foundation Muriel & Ralph Pinkus Lewis & Alice Schimberg z”l Joseph S. & Diane H. Steinberg Sonnya & Fanya Woll, z”l* Mortin Plotnik, z”l Dr. Aron Schlachter, z”l Ruth Steiner, z”l* Iris S. & Bert L. z”l Wolstein Dora Polevski, z”l Sara H. & Walter N. Schlesinger, z”l Gerald & Deana Stempler Family Women’s League for Israel* Eva Pollack, z”l Sally B. Schneck, z”l Foundation Wunderkinder Foundation Dr. Harold & Ilse Posner* Betty Schorr, z”l Harry Stern Family Foundation Natalie Yakimoff, z”l Daniel Pritzker Schottenstein Homes Foundation Irene Stern, z”l Gertrude Yarman, z”l Jay Pritzker Foundation* James & Debra Barshop Schreier Rose Stern, z”l Carol & Gordon Zacks S. Milton Rabson, z”l * Josephine Schreier, z”l Otto Stieber & Evelyn Stieber Bernstein, Anna Zafran, z”l Randes Foundation Zachary Schreier, z”l z”l* Ruta & Felix Zandman Jacques J. & Lilly L. Rappaport, z”l* Dora & Joseph J. Schwartz and son, Walter S. & Greta J. Stiel, z”l* Zantker Charitable Foundation Rashkov Family, z”l Nathan Schwartz, z”l Storch & Gallin Families* Jean & Richard Zarbin, z”l Hirsch & Braine Raskin Foundation Sue & Dan z”l Schwartz Hella Strauss, z”l The Zausmer Trust The Ratner Family* Tina E. Schwarz, z”l Robert & Tina Stuckelman Barbara & Stanley Zax* Ratner, Miller & Shafran Families* Louis Schweitzer Charitable Trust* Jerry & Mildred Sudarsky* Gerta Zelt, z”l Recanati Foundation Scoa Foundation Fanny Sugar, z”l Delores & Eugene M. Zemsky Redhill Foundation* Helene Berman Seidenfeld & Dennis Mose Sumner, z”l Zenith Insurance Magda Karman Rees, z”l Seidenfeld Alice J. Sussman, z”l Erwin z”l & Isabelle Ziegelman Jerome Regunberg, z”l Dr. Lillian Seitsive, z”l Mrs. Robert Szold Ruth Allen Ziegler Foundation Betty Reimer, z”l Allan H. & Suzanne L. Selig Charles R. Taine, z”l* Ziegler Family Trust Dr. Anna J. Reinauer, z”l Lise & Herbert J. Seligmann, z”l Rochelle & Morton L. Tarter Harold & Libby Ziff Foundation Josephus Reynolds, z”l Roslyn & Ira Selinger Marvin Tasem, z”l (also Israel) Daphna & Richard Ziman Family* Samuel J. & Arlene G. Rhodes, z”l Herman Selinsky, z”l Dr. Irving & Edith Taylor* Jane & Ronald M. Zimmerman Roger Richman Sadie Sender, z”l Ann & Andrew Tisch Ethel & George J. Zuckman, z”l Peretz Rickles, z”l Linda Shafarman, z”l* Billie & Laurence A. z”l Tisch Rae Zwicker, z”l Ridgefield Foundation Baruch Shahery Tisch Foundation Righteous Persons Foundation Dr. Yehuda Shalon Hilda Tobin, z”l Other Countries Jerome L. & Aida Robinson David & Fela Shapell & Family* Barbara & Marshall Tobins Lily & Edmond J. z”l Safra* Mildred Rohrlick, z”l Charles & M. R. Shapiro Foundation Edythe R. & Barnett C. Tobins* Esther Romm, z”l Edward Shapiro Marion B. Tolnai, z”l* *Benefactor Fanny F. & Abraham J. Rongy, z”l Sabina D. & Benjamin Shapiro, z”l The Toole Family* The Hebrew University Division for Development and Editors Daniel Avihai-Kremer, Lisa Clayton of Jerusalem Public Relations Photo Editor Danna Philosoph-Hovav Mount Scopus Tel 972-2-588-2821/43 Writers Sandy Cash, Heidi Gleit, Shelley Kleiman, Jerusalem 91905 Fax 972-2-532-2556 Gail Lichtman, Robert B. Schulman Office of the President University website: www.huji.ac.il Design and Production Hagari Design, Tel Aviv Tel 972-2-588-2903/5 Printed in Israel, 2007 Photography Yoram Aschheim, Hezi Hojesta, Fax 972-2-581-3102 Douglas Guthrie Illustrations Michal Bonano