SADC SECRETARIAT EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT FUND
Promotion of Regional Integration in the SADC Livestock Sector (PRINT Livestock Project)
9 ACP SAD 002
Report of a Mission on LIMS situation analysis to the Kingdom of Swaziland
PRINT Report N°: PB-BB-LIMS-SWZ-03-2007
By
Dr. Pascal BONNET, Chief Technical Adviser, PRINT Dr. Berhanu Bedane, Information Management TA, PRINT
SADC Secretariat FANR Directorate, Millenium Office Park Kgale View P/Bag 0095 Gaborone Botswana Dates: 1st March – 2nd March 2007
Acknowledgments
The reporting officers would like to thank the staff members of the Department Veterinary and Livestock Services who participated in the discussions and provided valuable information. Special thanks go to Dr. Roland Dlamini, the Deputy Director of the Department and Mr. Brenton Xaba of the Animal Production Division for organising the meetings with different sections. The team acknowledge with thanks the facilitation the PRINT focal person for Swaziland, Dr. Mphumuzi Angelbert Sukati’s during the mission.
LIMS Mission report Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane Swaziland March 2007 Page 2
Index
Summary...... 4 1. OBJECTIVE OF THE MISSION ...... 6 2. INSTITUTION VISITED AND PERSONS MET...... 6 3. BACKGROUND...... 11 4. SALIENT TOPICS ...... 14 4.1 Organisation of the Information system: Organisational chart, Data collected and Database managed, software & applications used in Swaziland ...... 14 4.1.1 Situation of AH information system: INFORMATION MANAGED BY THE VETERINARY SERVICES ...... 18 4.1.2 Situation of AP information system, by section: INFORMATION MANAGED BY THE ANIMAL PRODUCTION DIVISION...... 25 4.1.3 Situation of Veld information system ...... 29 4.1.4 Situation of LTM information system ...... 31 4.1.5 Current situation of the DATABASES used FOR THE STORAGE AND ANALYSIS OF DATA in AH, role of the DPU in AP, and MANAGEMENT OF LIMS UNITS ...... 36 4.1.6 REPORTS GENERATED BY VETERINARY AND LIVESTOCK SERVICES DEPARTMENT AND INFORMATION DISSEMINATION...... 37 4.1.7 LIST OF GIS DATA COLLECTED ...... 38 5. CONCLUSIONS...... 41 6. WAY FORWARD...... 42 7. Other Topics (than LIMS) discussed during the mission...... 42 Annexures ...... 47 ANNEX I – Terms of reference for the mission ...... 48 ANNEX II – CD (electronic annexes): ...... 49 ANNEX III – Illustration on Master data of LIMS, and implication for structures of table50 ANNEX IV – Reports for Tabular data of LIMS, and implication for the structures of table ...... 56 ANNEX V – Disease reporting form, Region Monthly report Import permits in SWZ...... 59
LIMS Mission report Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane Swaziland March 2007 Page 3
BACK TO OFFICE MISSION REPORT Summary
Country : Swaziland Mission team : Pascal Bonnet PRINT CTA, Berhanu Bedane PRINT IS expert Dates : 1st March – 2nd March 2007 Venue : Ministry of Agriculture & Cooperatives MOAC Swaziland –
Introduction: mission rationale and objective The Livestock Sector Unit (LSU) in the Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANR) Directorate of the SADC Secretariat is entrusted to promote regional integration and sustainable livestock development. The PRINT Livestock Project in FANR became operational in July 2005. The project’s specific objective is to establish a livestock information management system (LIMS) in Animal Production and Health, Marketing and Trade. The generation of up-to-date and reliable information will assist the coordinating role of FANR as well as the development of harmonized policies and strategies in the SADC livestock sector.
The mission was a situation analysis of the national information system in the Livestock sector towards the final development of a SADC core LIMS.
The mission team comprised two SADC staff, namely, Dr. Pascal Bonnet (Animal Health & Livestock Economist, CTA PRINT - CIRAD1), Dr. Berhanu Bedane (PRINT Project Expert on LIMS).
Summary of SADC PRINT mission: The main item that was discussed by the team and the CIRAD experts was the LIMS 1/ LIMS tool: situation of the national reporting systems, their characteristics and SWOT analysis, in line with a situation analysis of patterns of organisation of the livestock production and health divisions in the MOAC Ministry of Agriculture and Crops.
Additionally the team discussed topics listed hereafter: 2/ Participation of the Kingdom to the Laboratory sub committee in March 2007 3/ Participation of the Kingdom in some of the PRINT studies, particular on commodity chain analysis (Small stock - Goat), and on zoning (SWZ has a quota for meat export to EU under the Cotonou agreement).
1 CIRAD is contracted by SADC to provide the technical assistance to PRINT. It stands as acronym for the Agricultural Research Centre for International Development whose mandate is to contribute to poverty alleviation, food security, integrated management of natural resources and sustainable development in developing countries. CIRAD is promoting innovative research for development, in partnership with concerned stakeholders: research centres and universities, professional (farmer) organizations and the private sector, local authorities and NGOs, and funding agencies. Training and capacity building are a major part of CIRAD collaborative activities conducted through extended networks and projects in more than 50 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. CIRAD is also an active partner of the international system and of the European scientific platform. It has a staff of 1850 of which 750 researchers including 320 working overseas, and is structured in 7 scientific departments and 60 research and service units (see: http://www.cirad.fr/en)
LIMS Mission report Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane Swaziland March 2007 Page 4
4/ A potential support to the breeding data processing unit, by launching an analysis of the current system and promote new approaches on monitoring animals in the reference ranches and farms where bulls have been distributed by the government.
Detailed ToR’s and timetable of the mission are provided in full in the annexe 1.
Funding of mission: PRINT DL, corresponding budget line in PE3 / Addendum of December 2006.
LIMS Mission report Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane Swaziland March 2007 Page 5
1. OBJECTIVE OF THE MISSION
This mission is part of the situation analysis and information needs assessment started in SADC member states. The overall objective of the mission, therefore, is to better understand sources of livestock data in Swaziland, how data is collected from field and transferred to central authorities and information management issues. The objective of the mission also includes the information needs of the Department of Veterinary and Livestock Services of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives of the Kingdom of Swaziland. The specific objective is to assess information requirement in areas of Animal Health, Animal Production and Livestock Trade and Marketing in time and space scale. Discussions with staff members of the Department working in different sections is anticipated to explore the purpose of collecting data and ways of presenting information as well as identifying currents gaps and ways these can be addressed. Collection of GIS data is another objective of the mission. Therefore the main objective of the mission was to analyse the situation of the information system and statistics related to the LS in SWZ.
2. INSTITUTION VISITED AND PERSONS MET
The persons met at MoAC include
1) Dr. Roland Dlamini – Deputy Director of the Veterinary and Livestock Services Department 2) Dr. Patrick Dlamini – Head Epidemiology Unit 3) Dr. Siphle Mdluli – Epidemiologist 4) Dr. Mphumuzi Angelbert Sukati – Coordinator of Livestock Projects – PRINT Focal Person 5) Mr. Brenton B. Xaba – Senior Animal Husbandry Officer 6) Mr. Trevor Gambule – Animal Husbandry Officer 7) Mr. Boyle T. Malima - Animal Husbandry Officer (Ruminant nutrition) 8) Sipho Fernando Dludlu – System Analyst 9) Mrs. Thembinkos Mgubane - Animal Husbandry Officer, Breeding 10) Mr. Solomon Mu Khumalo – Range management officer 11) Mrs. Dorali D. Vilakaed – Animal Husbandry Officer 12) Mr. James M. Sangweni – D. Extension officer (Nutrition) 13) Mrs. Mbongeni G. Mshengu – Livestock Extension Officer (Piggery) 14) Mr. Sabelo Magaguca - Assistant Livestock Extension Officer 15) Mrs. Janet S. Mnguni – Senior Poultry Officer 16) Mr. Auberey M. Shongwe – Regional Animal Husbandry Officer 17) Mrs. Thuli V. Naozo – Animal Husbandry Officer (Marketing)
Details on contact address of the persons met are provided in following table, and can be converted into LIMS LS personnel database.
LIMS Mission report Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane Swaziland March 2007 Page 6
A simple Livestock photographic atlas of Swaziland Cattle grazing in the high veld HV
Rangeland in the HV
LIMS Mission report Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane Swaziland March 2007 Page 7
DipTank (Kraal) infrastructure in the Middle Veld MV
Meeting with staff at HQ MoAC
LIMS Mission report Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane Swaziland March 2007 Page 8
Resources persons met during the mission
Name position Detailed Tel/fax email address Dr. Roland Deputy Director Ministry of Xolani of the Veterinary Agriculture Dlamini and Livestock and Coops Services MoAC Department Department of Veterinary & Livestock Services P O Box 162 Mbabane Swaziland Dr. Patrick Head MoAC Tel: [email protected] Mduduzi Epidemiology Department +26 Dlamini Unit of Veterinary 8-505-6443 & Livestock Fax: +268- Services P. O. 505-6443 Box 3287 Manzini Swaziland Dr. Siphle Epidemiologist idem idem [email protected] Mdluli Dr. Mphumuzi SVO senior vet MoAC Tel: +268 [email protected] Angelbert officer (Food Department 404 2731-9 Sukati economics) of Veterinary Cell: Coordinator of & Livestock 6337805 Livestock Services Projects & P O Box 162 Fax: +268 PRINT Focal Mbabane 404 9802 Person PFP Swaziland Mr Brenton Senior Animal MoAC Tel: +268 [email protected] Bongani Xaba Husbandry Department 4042735 / Officer of Veterinary 404 6948 [email protected] Vice chair of the & Livestock (direct) / Animal Services 9802 Production and P O Box 162 Tel: +268 Veld sub Mbabane 404 2731- 9 committee Swaziland (6361-4) Fax: +268 404 9802 Mr. Trevor Animal MoAC Gambule Husbandry Department Officer of Veterinary & Livestock Services P O Box 162 Mbabane Swaziland Adelaide Senior Laboratory CVL Tel: +268 Nkhonta Technologist PO BOX 5052204 CVL 4192 Manzini Fax: +268 5056443
Mr Boyce Animal MoAC 09 268 [email protected]
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 9 Thabo Malima Husbandry Department 5059147 Officer Dairy of Veterinary /48/49 Science and & Livestock Ruminant Services P O Nutrition Box 162 Mbabane Swaziland
PO BOX 30 Manzini Sipho System Analyst Data +268 [email protected] Fernando DPU Processing 6321295 Dludlu Unit
Mr. Animal Data +268 [email protected] Thembukosi Husbandry Processing 4049803 Ngubane Officer, Breeding Unit MoAC DPU PO Box 162 +268 615850 Mbabane Swaziland
Mr. Solomon RMO Range PO BOX +268 M. Khumalo management 2805 Manzini 6120139 officer Mrs. Dorali D. AHO Animal PO BOX 171 +268 [email protected] Vilakaed Husbandry Kwalazuni 4049803 Officer Mr. James M. DEO D. PO BOX 30 +268 Sangweni Extension officer Manzini 6118128 (Nutrition) +268 5059147
Mrs. LEO Livestock PO BOX 30 +268 Mbongeni G. Extension Officer Manzini 5059147 Mshengu (Piggery) Mr. Sabelo ALEO Assistant PO BOX +268 Magaguca Livestock 7106 Manzini 6181191 Extension Officer Mrs. Janet S. SPO Senior PO BOX 21 +268 Mnguni Poultry Officer Manzini 5059147 5059148
Mr. Auberey RAHO Regional PO BOX 30 +268 505 M. Shongwe Animal Manzini 9147 Husbandry +268 505 Officer 9148 +268 5059149 +268 6035014
Mrs. Thuli V. AHO Animal LMU PO +268 Naozo Husbandry BOX 162 6114239 Officer Manzini +268 505 (Marketing) 9147 +268 505 9148 +268
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 10 5059149
DEC Mrs Daniela Isola EU Lilunga Tel: +268 [email protected] Swaziland Program Officer House, 4042018 [email protected] Agronomist Somhlolo Tel: +268 [email protected] Road 4042908 c/o Mrs Mbabane Fax: +268 Nontombeko PO BOX 4046729 Mabuza (trade) A36, Swazi Plaza H101, Swaziland Mr Mkhululi Business advisor Feed and LS Cell: +268 [email protected] Dlamini Technoserve advisor 6026582 www.technoserve.org Swaziland Lilunga House, Somhlolo Road Mbabane Swaziland Kenneth Feedlot PO BOX 238 6085677 Tatrudze Swaziland Power Lobanba Team Mr Petros Z. Temfuyo 6073775 Dlamini Programme Producer
Not met but known as important stakeholders for LS Dr. Robert S. Director of the [email protected] Thwala Veterinary and (on mission) Livestock Services Department Mrs. Isabella Director of Statistics Central Tel. 268 [email protected] Hlophe CSO Statistical Office 4042151/4 P O Box 456 Fax. 268 Mbabane 4043300
Dr. B.J. Head of Animal University of Dlamini Production and Swaziland Health Department Survey department CANGO 419 JSM Tel: +268 [email protected] coordinating Matsubela street 4044721 www.cango.org.sz assembly of NGO’s Swaza Plaza Fax: +268 PO BOX A67 4045532 Mbabane SWZ
3. BACKGROUND
This mission is part of the information needs assessment and situation analysis in SADC Member States prior to the design and development of LIMS tools. It is in line with the planned activities of PE 3.
The establishment of the Livestock Information Management System (LIMS) is one of the main achievements expected from PRINT Livestock Project. LIMS is intended to bridge the current gap of information for drafting large scale intervention projects in the SADC region.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 11 Its main components are technical and socio-economic data on Animal Health (AH), Animal Production (AP) and Livestock Trade and Marketing (LTM). The LIMS tools to be developed are foreseen for use in SADC Member States (MS) and at the SADC Secretariat, hence a situation analysis of the current systems in place is required and is an important issue to be considered during the design process.
The approach used to reach the target on the development of LIMS is to design a core solution by September 2007, and to start transferring available data from MS into the LIMS database, i.e. data on various aspects of the LS sector, e.g. on Animal Production (AP), Livestock Trade and Marketing (LTM) and Animal Health (AH). This activity is planned for implementation during the Programme Estimate (PE) No. 3 of PRINT Livestock Project, which runs from 1st April 2006 to 31st September 2007.
The design and development of the definitive LIMS tools, henceforth called LIMS Project for ease of explanation, are expected to start in May 2007 and by the end of the PE 3 in September 2007. However, preliminary tasks such as completing the MS situation analysis are required.
An interim solution has already been implemented by transferring regional AH data from Namibia to PRINT and design a simple web-based database for it. Monthly disease reports from SADC MS for the period between 1997 and 2005 are now available on-line at http://www.sadc.int/fanr/print/health_search.php.
Figure: Access-Screen of regional PRINT LIMS to date: Historical AH database online (i.e. one table out of the NAMIBIA database)
So far a significant number of situation analyses have been undertaken in MS, and the PRINT LIMS team is gradually achieving this important task accordingly the Action plan PE3. Swaziland was hence completed in March 2007. Additionally GIS layers are also being accumulated during situation analysis, by collecting important layers used in MS and relevant for the LS, on AP, AH and LTM (main contents are infrastructures and boundaries of interest).
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 12
+
+
Map: Situation of assessment to date (yellow box = completed situation analysis (SA) and in green incomplete SA)
Moreover the SA is an opportunity to appraise the level of computerisation and the means used (media, IT, phones) for reporting to the intermediates and central offices of the MoA.
Diagram: The heterogeneity of computerization / communication systems and levels in MS has implications for the regional LIMS design
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 13
4. SALIENT TOPICS
4.1 Organisation of the Information system: Organisational chart, Data collected and Database managed, software & applications used in Swaziland
The Department of Veterinary Services of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives is responsible for Animal Health Services, Livestock Development and Marketing Services as well as Meat Hygiene Services.
The department consists of two (2) Divisions of Animal Health and Animal Production. Generally, the department is mandated to promote animal health and welfare in order to foster favourable conditions for economic animal production. Further, it is to transfer and equip livestock producers with adequate knowledge and skill for the proper management and improvement of all available resources for an efficient, sustainable livestock industry with an enhanced capacity for positive contribution to the growth of the national economy.
Specific priority areas of the livestock sector includes; • Increased off-take of beef cattle, poultry, piggery and dairy production to meet market demands and reduce import volumes; • Improved rangelands management (veld) and rehabilitation to prevent overgrazing (assessment and promotion of destocking in government-run fattening ranches, and eventually organisation of auctions) and control land degradation; • Improved quality and condition of livestock through proper breeding and selection (in breeding ranches) as well as improved supplement feed preparation; • Effective livestock and products marketing and trade through better facilities and information; • Strengthening livestock sector training and education activities under the veterinary and stock farmer training center to cover basic livestock extension and technology; • Control of ticks and tickborne diseases TBD (smear routines in Lab), parasites and other diseases of economic importance (FMD), and provision of basic support databases for livestock development, Veterinary Public Health (in abattoirs) and animal health promotion through livestock and veterinary research; • Strengthening of animal disease control and surveillance measures and the development of Emergency Preparedness Plans with capacity building in disease risk assessment and management.
The organisational chart of MOAC of Swaziland is provided to understand how its organisation can influence the “information chain” subject to the LIMS assessment.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 14 The categories of personnel in place in SWZ are described in the following table and the administrative and sanitary structure of the country is reflected in maps.
DVLS – Director of Animal (Livestock) Animal Health division Veterinary and Livestock Production division Services (Husbandry)
Training DD LP DD AH VPH VFTC – Veterinary SAHO – Senior Animal SVO FS – Senior SVO MH/VPH – Senior Farmers Training Centre Husbandry Officer at HQ Veterinary Officer (Field Veterinary Officer (Meat (Headed by a Veterinary Services) at HQ Hygiene/Veterinary Education Officer) Public Health) at HQ
VEO – Veterinary RAHO – Regional RVO – Regional Education Officer Animal Husbandry Veterinary Officer (one in VO – Veterinary Officer Officer (one in every every Four regions plus for MH Four regions) HQ)
AHO – Animal VO – Veterinary Officer MI – Meat Inspector Husbandry Officers for Some are for CVL Lab Breeding (breeding (in Manzini) ranches) dealing with ranch managers and DPU AHO for MKT, SPO – Senior Poultry Officer AAHO – Assistant CAHI – Chief Animal Lab tech. in abattoirs Animal Husbandry Health Inspector Officer, at DPU Is an heritage of the colonial structure RMO – Range Management Officer for Veld assessment FRO – Fattening Ranch SAHI regional position Officer AHI – Animal Health In every Fattening ranch Inspector of the government dealing AAHI – Assistant Animal with ranch managers Health Inspector VA – Veterinary Assistant
EO based in the capital or In communities: Dip in relevant regions given Tank attendants DTA; the topic cordon guards CG paid LEO – Livestock by the government (fence Extension Officer patrol and DT DEO – Dairy Extension maintenance) Officer PEO – Piggery Extension Officer
ALEO – Assistant Livestock Extension Officer ADEO – Assistant Dairy Extension Officer APEO – Assistant Poultry Extension Officer
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 15
This first map summarizes the 4 regions which are allocated some regional staffs (in their capitals): Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni
Hhohho
Manzini Lubombo
Shiselweni
The organisation of the MoAC’s with personnel and some reporting flows are described in the model which follows (source TNA PRINT 2006, modified for the situation analysis in 2007). Colours highlight some separated functions (A. Health from A. husbandry or lab for instance)
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 16 Minister
PS
Under Secretary Administration Under Secretary Development
Personnel Finance & Contracts
Director Veterinary & Livestock Services Commissioner Co-ops & Dev & Deputy Director VLS Director of Agricultural extension
Epidemiology Unit Manzini VFTC (VEO) Livestock Animal Health education AAHO production division Division
SAHO SVO (MH/VPH) SVO (Field Services)
AHO AHO 4 region RMO FRO S. Poultry (Breeding) fattening (Mkt) RAHO VELD O +- PgO VO Lab RVO in 4 regions CAHI VO MH AHO (hides) Manzini
VO Snr Lab Tech Prin. MI AHO AAHO Breeding Ranch Sen Lab (Deputy) (DPU data station Sen AHI Lab Tech processing managers managers Technician Sen MI unit) AHI Lab Techn Lab Assistant Meat Inspector Piggery LEO DEO PEO Ext Officer AAHI Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet &Lab Berhanu Assistant Bedane, January February 2007 VA Page 17 VA ALEO ADEO APEO APgEO In communities: DipTank attendants DTA; cordon guards CG
The report and comments on National LIMS are based on the examination of the following items that all represent important traits of an information system based on the organisational chart displayed
1/ Organogram of information flows The examination of the current structure helps to understand hierarchies and functional lines in the organisation, hence the circulation of formats, data, and their processing. Any change in the organogram will necessarily affect the IS and data transfer rules in place, and may alter the effectiveness and usefulness of data & information produced.
2) Data collected as potential inputs to the LIMS system, characteristics of data recorded, frequency and spatial scales given data, and flow of reporting in the hierarchical & organisational chart (or functional system) of Member states (data from private and public sector), Livestock infrastructures and status of GIS use
Vision: In a phase one LIMS SADC harmonized reporting formats are being developed on Animal health, Animal production, and trade and marketing. In a phase 2, other data could be added upon availability and interest, and integrated into LIMS hence forming a more sophisticated regional database.
Current status of national LIMS: The national systems of information used in MS are always in evolution. The mission aims at describing their main characteristics, and how data are collected from inside the structure of Ministry, and then aggregated, transferred to other bodies (e.g. CSO’s). This will help the identification of a core dataset common to most MS and likely to be used for reporting at SADC.
3) Databases applications and platforms used and consequences in terms of hardware and software specifications required Excel, Access, dedicated solution, PC stand alone, LAN solution’s web based solutions
4) Interconnectivity within the country (sub systems), and with international systems, and with SADC LIMS as envisaged. This relates to data transfer between different systems being used in member countries, by different divisions, hence influencing querying, data export and import
5) Reporting for policy analysis, provision of specific analysing / visualisation facility (times series graphing, mapping,) in place in MS for reporting to national policy makers
4.1.1 Situation of AH information system: INFORMATION MANAGED BY THE VETERINARY SERVICES
This section deals with the type of data collected by the Veterinary Services Division and the way it is transferred to the headquarters, the analysis conducted and finally the type of information generated.
Almost all data collected by the different sections of the Veterinary Services Division are handled by The Epidemiology Unit. The main sources of data are the regional field services, the Central Veterinary Laboratory and the export and other abattoirs. The main
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 18 documents to collect information at field level are movement permits, diseases investigation forms, import export permits.
Data from regional field services
The regional veterinary field services collect data on disease situation at dip tank level (DT’s catchments area of about 6 km) through the sub-regional offices. Every VA veterinary assistants is having 4 dip tanks under responsibility that should be visited weekly (one DT per day and one day at HQ = full week) during summer and every two weeks the rest of the year. For small stock, visits are once a month. All other premises for rearing animals (feed lots) fall under the DT system and hence refer to a VA.
They collect data on disease situation, register changes in herd number and structure including movement, collect blood smears (TBD) and conduct vaccinations2, treatments and census on yearly basis. Disease occurrence is recorded at dip tank level and based on its magnitude and importance either the necessary measure is taken by local staff or reported to the headquarters for investigation and action. Epidemiological data including figures and measures taken are captured in a standard format and submitted to the Epidemiology Unit as monthly disease report.
Surveillance of disease focuses on FMD, Rabies, Brucellosis, ND, Mycoplasma (poultry) and now HPAI.
Blood smears are also collected at dip tank level and submitted to Central Veterinary Laboratory (Manzini) for the investigation of haemoparasites. This exercise started under East Coast Fever eradication programme has continued even after achieving the initial objective. Although knowing the status of the herds for blood parasites is good, clear objectives which justify the efforts / costs and use of resources allocated to this activity are now needed.
Another type of data collected at dip tank level is the registration of animals born or introduced to the herds using the facility which are both demographic parameters and movements parameters. Similarly, those animals leaving the herds covered by the dip tank either due to death or slaughter or because of movement to another area are removed from the stock registry. The number of animals born, moved to another location, slaughtered or died is captured and included in the monthly reports.
Interventions such as treatment for external or internal parasites, other clinical services and number of animals vaccinated are also reported on monthly basis.
TADinfo has been used in the past for entering data on surveillance (version Access) and is now abandoned. Excel sheets are now used and is thought to be enough reliable to produce the necessary reports on AH.
Census According to the Annual Statistical Bulletin (CSO), cattle numbered 586 367, whilst there were 296 000 goats, 15700 sheep, 36 700 pigs and 1,700,000 poultry. Other sources of census data are available and more accurate than the national CSO. Census is done annually by AHP
2 vaccination against FMD has stopped in 2000
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 19 staff at DT level (enumeration area is DT for animals). The dualistic source of information is posing the same problem as for other MS.
Livestock statistics for the period 1998 to 2003 reflected in Table 1 (source MoAC).
2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 Cattle 600 252 534 363 572 532 591 580 613 932 623 446 Sheep 16 825* 14 871 13 938 15 755 22 370 22 752 Goats 347 817 277 819 298 536 297 726 332 939 354 135 Equine 11 677 10 331 12 249 13 328 13 595 12 970 Pigs 29 436 27 063 28 190 36 826 37 437 35 113 Poultry 1 767 331 1 615 421 2 129 984 1 703 415 1 360 381 1 652 358 * a presentation by MoAC at APVM said 18 825 units
Livestock census is conducted at dip tank level every year between the months of July and August. The census mainly targets head count of cattle but other species are also counted based on owners statements. When mobility is adequate, staff members also conduct the counting by moving from house to house. Given the shortage of logistics for such exercise, census at homestead level is done rarely. Counting the number of dogs in the country is done during the annual vaccination campaign, which is compulsory. There is a standard form for capturing and transferring census data of cattle and small stocks. Poultry is done by declaration of owners.
Unlike the previous data, report on livestock census is sent to the Data Processing Unit of the Breeding Section under Animal Production Division, which controls the quality and produces the final figures (last one was the 2003 series). There are quality concerns on categorisation of animals when censing at DT (age reading is not accurate), hence there are delays in producing final figures for recent years.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 20
Census data are collected with help of the following forms.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 21 Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 22
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 23
Data from Central Veterinary Laboratory
The main type of data generated from the Central Veterinary Laboratory emanates from the disease diagnostic activity. Specimen collected from suspected cases is submitted to the Laboratory and diagnostic results of these are sent to the Epidemiology Unit for recording. A new vet lab should be constructed in Manzini. It was not possible to investigate the Lab Info system.
Data from Export and other abattoirs
The Veterinary Services provide hygiene inspection for the export and import of meat. The act empowering the Veterinary Services to regulate slaughter of animals and inspection of meat at Municipal and other abattoirs is still expected. Meanwhile, results of ante-mortem and post-mortem inspections conducted at Matsapa Export abattoir with sources of slaughtered animals, type and number of lesions observed and number and type of organs and carcass parts classified as unfit for human consumption are recorded.
Agricultural Production ('000 tonnes unless otherwise indicated) 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 Meat 7.2 3.0 5.4 9.0 4.1 Export volume 1.2 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.2 Export value fob (E m) 19.1 3.7 15.4 29.9 7.6 Sources: Central Bank of Swaziland, Annual Report; Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives; Swaziland Meat Industries.
Other data collected
Data on the type and number of animals moved within the country and movement permits (dip tank to dip tank) issued as part of this exercise is collected. Efforts to identify individual cattle through branding has started but the progress seems rather slow. Permits are also issued for the import or export of animals and animal products as well as inputs such as Animal feed. However, a systematic collection of data on the permits and individual animal identification doesn’t seem to exist. Hay and Feed is also subject to movement permits (import is mainly on hay from RSA).
There are no tagging systems really, only a description of the animal is recorded and movement in and out of a DT is recorded based on form attached. A new antitheft system is being developed with help of RSA. Identification and Traceability of animals will be important aspects to comply with EU requirement to resume export of meat, in liaison with a revision of the Zoning containment strategy.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 24
4.1.2 Situation of AP information system, by section: INFORMATION MANAGED BY THE ANIMAL PRODUCTION DIVISION
The animal production division has different Units, which collect data at different levels and time scales. The Livestock Marketing Unit collects data on sales of live animals, mainly cattle, at different sale yards and fattening ranches (3 governmental ranches) through public auctions. Data collected includes weight and other details of the animal, its grade and price (weekly) for each sale yard or fattening ranch. The frequency of data collection is weekly for sale yards and monthly for fattening ranches. There is a standard form for recording and reporting sales.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 25
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 26 The same applies for sales from other locations like DT.
The Poultry Unit gathers data on the number of eggs and broiler produced and sold as well as the sales value and other statistics, mainly from the small holder sector. Unless data is collected more frequently, there is a danger of losing it because many farmers do not keep records. Quantitative data from large scale poultry farms cannot be obtained easily. Although poor record keeping is blamed most of the times, the stiff competition may be the cause. The poultry data collection form used by the Poultry Unit was revised recently in a participatory manner. However, field staff members seem reluctant to use it and prefer to continue submitting rather a narrative report.
Poor record keeping by the farmers is also a problem for the Dairy Unit, which is unable to gather quantitative data from the sector. There are 5 categories of farming and processing system for dairy : individual small holders (subsistence), grouped farmers towards supply of Bulk milk tanks, those having shops to retail their production, those in a collection scheme with Parmalat, and commercial farms from Parmalat (also importing from RSA).The Unit has trained dairy farmers on good record keeping practices and raised awareness on its importance, alike the dairy board which provide carts for recording performances. However, the situation remained unchanged even among those with better understanding about the benefits and persuaded to do so. The situation is further complicated due to the fact that the Dairy Board in the country also provides extension services. As a result of these it seems there is no tangible data on the dairy sector out of which the MOAC Dairy Unit can extract meaningful report, unless the dairy board provides it additional stats.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 27 The Pig production sector in the country is small but growing. There is a specific Unit assigned to provide extension services and collect quantitative data and other statistics from this sector. The little data gathered by the Piggery Unit comes mostly as narrative monthly report.
Improvement of the breeding system There is a cattle breeding program which aim at disseminating bulls to the farmers. Therefore a monitoring system has been put in place to record performance of breeds in 6 stations (Cattle indigenous Nguni and dairy breeds, beef cattle (Simmenthal Brahman, Drakensberg breeds), or Goats). There was never an attempt to monitor performance of animals in a network of farmers. . Regarding livestock information management, the Animal Breeding Unit, which also hosts the Data Processing Unit, is organised and functions better than the other Units of the Animal Production division. The clear mandates, support from project funding and operation of government owned breeding stations might have facilitated the tasks. Currently, there are six breeding stations (5 for beef and one for dairy), under the National Beef Cattle Breeding Programmes monitored by the Unit. Classic data on population dynamics i.e. composition of the herd (categories are stud bull, cow, heifer less than 2 years more than 1 year , heifers less than 3 years more than 2, female weaners, female calves, male weaners, male calves) changes in the number of animals (movements, thefts, born, death, sale, etc.), and production performances i.e. body weight (at 18 month which is the criteria used in indexes for growth performance) , milk production, or context dependant data e.g. climatic conditions (rainfall, temp), etc. is gathered using a standard format and submitted on monthly basis. A data base at HQ has records since the 70’s but is now struggling with old fashion information systems designed on non user friendly platforms. Indexes are being computed to better advice on disseminating bulls and their progeny.
Report Samples collected: 1. a monthly report one from fattening and one from SISA ranches was collected 2. a monthly report from Fattening ranch officer based on compiled information from SISA and fattening ranches (based on 1), 3. an annual report 2006 from poultry section
Data for most of the Units are owned under animal production division, except for Breeding and Marketing Units and is captured at regional level and submitted monthly in a narrative form to the headquarters. Standard reporting forms do not exist in most of the cases and where available, field staff members are reluctant to use them (e.g. Poultry Unit). Reporting procedures seems to exist but not often followed strictly. For example, it was agreed to submit monthly reports by the first Friday of the following month.
PPP An NGO Technoserve funded by USAID was visited. They promote farming of small stock mainly in piggery and work on feed lots techniques (with Soya as an alternative). Their ain complain was lack of accurate data in the public domain to help building strategic plans in the sub sector, hence the importance of LIMS.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 28
4.1.3 Situation of Veld information system
Only 11% of the land area is arable3. There are two major types of land ownerships. There is Swazi Nation Land (SNL) and Title Deed Land (TDL). Swazi Nation Land is communal and is held in trust for the nation by the King through Chiefs who allocate usufruct rights to individual Swazi families. Agriculture on the SNL is basically subsistence in nature. The Title Deed Land includes commercial farms, estates and ranches that are freehold or on concession agreements. Agriculture on the TDL is mainly commercial. Swaziland has four agro-climatic zones which run longitudinally north to south. They are, from West to East, the Highveld, Middleveld, Lowveld, and the Lubombo plateau. The climatic conditions of the zones are:
• The Highveld covers 5,029.5 square kilometres of average altitude of 1300 metres, temperatures vary from 10 degrees to 23 degrees centigrade, and rainfall varies between 1016 - 2285. • The Middleveld covers 4,597.5 square kilometres of average altitude of 700 metres, temperatures vary from 14 degrees to 26 degrees centigrade, and rainfall varies between 762 - 1192. • The Lowveld covers 6,416.2 square kilometres of average altitude of 200 metres, temperatures vary from 15 degrees to 29 degrees centigrade, and rainfall varies between 508 - 890. • The Lubombo Plateau covers 1.321.2 square kilometres of average altitude of 700 metres, temperatures vary from 14 degrees to 26 degrees centigrade, and rainfall varies between 635 - 1016 Highveld covers 5,029.5 square kilometres of average altitude of 1300 metres, temperatures vary from 10 degrees to 23 degrees centigrade, and rainfall varies between 1016 - 2285.
The following maps present the three layers of the Veld: Low LV, Middle MV, High HV, and the buffer area in the eastern plateau. (source Epid. Unit 2007, adapted by PRINT)
3 source for some information is from ICART documents at SADC
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 29
There is a specialist in range management and assessment of the range and grazing condition is supposed to be done at least once in a year.
However, there is no capacity to do so. Assessment is limited to government ranches (narrative so far) and data on these is collected by extension agents in the field. There is a ranch management committee meeting on monthly basis to advice on stocking rates and destocking needs.
There is a hope that new staff and new technologies will be bring soon and a GIS based system can be developed at HQ. Two staffs will come back from MsC programs on rangeland management in RSA and are good users of Arcview and remote sensing techniques . Mr Sazi Mhlongo did his MsC in Pietermaritzburg KWZN and Mr Muyanda Khumalo did his MsC on chromolina pest in eastern veld.
SWZ can be incorporated in to the future study to be sponsored by PRINT on assessment methods for Veld. A TCP document TCP SWZ 2353 was collected with components on Veld assessment. Data on Veld encompasses rainfall, soil erosion, specie composition, production. Carrying capacity should be easy to compute when an harmonized LIMS will be available.
Except for monthly reports of the Breeding Unit (for the government breeding and fattening ranches) and veterinary monthly and annual reports (covering catchments areas of dip tanks), there is no specific report on range condition.
There is also feed lab and officers collect grass samples from ranches.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 30 4.1.4 Situation of LTM information system
The CTA went to DEC to discuss the termination of the Beef protocol, and the conditions for resuming export to EU. Few concerns were raised on the need for diversifying the agriculture in SWZ based on the sugar cane industry, and LS might be a direction being supported by DEC. Studies are in pipe to prioritise efforts to comply to EU requirements, which are in line with the support EU can give through the EPA after areas of collaboration have been flagged.
DEC Mrs Daniela Delegation- Swaziland Isola Program [email protected] Officer a.eu Agronomist Sugar cane [email protected]. c/o Mrs eu Nontombeko Trade officer: Mabuza Nontombeko.Mabuza@e (trade) c.europa.eu
There is a national agricultural marketing board for crops and vegetable that deals with poultry as well, but not with beef meat. There is a dairy board (which deals with the inspection at border when importing dairy products).
20% of the Beef production is under commercial farming system (with improved feeding), whereas 80% is from the communal grazing and small holders sector and has low offtake.
Under the Beef protocol one of the commercial agreement (which ends on December 2007) concluded of the Cotonou agreement (that ends in 2020), Swaziland has a quota for exporting beef to EU. Farmers, mostly those on SNL, are reluctant to sell good quality cattle unless forced by economic or climatic conditions. Swaziland has been unable to use its full quota to export 3360 tons of boneless beef to the EU, however, only managed to export a small fraction of this. For instance in 2000 only 665 tonnes were exported. Exports to EU have ceased in 2005 after an inspection by FVO and requests for more compliance of EU requirements, and they have been some how substituted by Export to MOZ (Maputo urban demand). Feed lots are promoted (see Power team feed lot association with 150 active members out of 250 official Members), and in order to respond to the demand and its traits, feeding programs are promotted. Some cattle were imported from RSA4. There is an export abattoir in Matshafa, located between Manzini and Mbabane. For export and imports not all entry points in the Swazi territory can be used. Only a selection of official points is used for certification.
Figure: Table and Map of Borders posts for LS export and Imports (source Epid. Unit 2007)
BORDER_POS LONG_NO LAT_NO REG_NO Mahamba 31,06 27,11 Shiselweni Lavumisa 31,88 27,32 Shiselweni Ngwenya 30,99 26,22 Hhohho Lomahasha 31,99 26,00 Lubombo
4 RSA being at risk GBR level 3 this should be noted
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 31
ANIMALS SLAUGHTERED IN THE FORMAL SECTOR
Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 Cattle 31 377 37 656 37 698 34 581 Sheep 13 3 117 1 497 Goats 0 0 8 544 Pigs 159 3 516 3 480 5 605
IMPORTS OF MEAT (X 1000T)
Year 2003 2004 2005 2006
Beef 2.4 4.4 3.0 3.0
Mutton 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
Goat 0 0 0 0
Poultry 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7
Pork 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.03
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 32 EXPORTS OF MEAT (T)
Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 Beef 1 106 876 2 867 56 Mutton 0 0 0 0 Pork 0 0 0 0 Poultry n/a 148 n/a 147
Prices of LS products are recorded / compiled under different formats.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 33
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 34
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 35 4.1.5 Current situation of the DATABASES used FOR THE STORAGE AND ANALYSIS OF DATA in AH, role of the DPU in AP, and MANAGEMENT OF LIMS UNITS DATABASES used FOR THE STORAGE AND ANALYSIS OF DATA in AH Attempts were made to introduce TADinfo at the Epidemiology Unit of the Veterinary Services. However, the Microsoft (MS) Access Version of the application had several problems and had to be abandoned. Hence, there is no specific electronic database at the Veterinary Services for the storage and analysis of data. Till suitable database which satisfies the needs of the country is found, staff members at the Epidemiology Unit enter data collected from field in to MS Excel spreadsheet from where analysis and reporting is made.
Role of the DPU For the Animal Production division, the situation is not that much different. Except for the Animal Breeding Unit, which hosts the Data Processing Unit, there is no database or at least systematic data entry in to MS Excel spreadsheet. The tailor-made database used by the Livestock Breeding Unit and operated by the Data Processing Unit was developed in 1976 as part of the Beef Cattle Improvement Programme under the Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Technical Cooperation Programme. Although few adjustments were made during the subsequent years, the database remained as it is to date. The database is installed on the mainframe hosted by the Government Central Information Facilities and linked to the Data Processing Unit directly by the means of Fibre optics cable.
This database stores and analyses data collected from the six breeding stations on monthly basis. There are three major reports are generated from the database. These are; • The calve report = details on calves born alive, their dam, sire, date of birth, breed etc. • The cow report = similar details but on the cows. • The weaning run = the weight of calves at seven months age, the weaning weight of the dam, etc.
A list of information recorded at important point of data collection in the SWZ system and a chart that explains the breeding information system were provided. It is indicating for instance data recorded for bulls (in breeding centers of SNL system), or information collected at DT (Kraal).
These information are used to determine the performance of the breeding selection process but are not sufficient. Hence, the Animal Breeding Unit requires other information on herd dynamics to achieve the proposed objects. However, as the current database does not have the capacity to generate these information, despite the fact there is enough data, there is a need to rewrite some scripts for the generation of additional information or get another database (a programming time consuming activity). The need was identified but decision on whether to rewrite the program or get another database / platform which can integrate the current data collected for several years requires detailed investigation. In case new securing a new database becomes imminent, then extracting current data from the old database and integrating it into the new one becomes mandatory but might be a huge task. The database specialist is confident that data can be extracted in ASCII format from the existing database. During the mission, it is made clear that this activity is very specific and does not fit in to the LIMS design and development but PRINT may take up the assignment to assist the country through other means, such as the studies component.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 36 The Data Processing Unit is also in charge of compiling Livestock Census data collected at dip tank level by the Veterinary Services. The Unit was not able to publish census information since 2003, apparently due to poor quality of data collected from some dip tanks. The Veterinary Services continued gathering Livestock Census data for the subsequent years but when these are analysed and made available is difficult to tell.
Forms were collected for LS census (various categories); and for those used in breeding centres: weight sheets, treatment sheets, calf birth records. There is a need for statistical package (we suggested the powerful freeware R© as a clone of Splus ), and a need to improve and rationalise collection of data from breeding centres on a more user friendly platform, and to improve and facilitate computation of genetic indexes. PRINT will explore how to support this task in SWZ, under the provision of a technical support for performance monitoring already planned in several MS, through the CIRAD SC. LASER application developed by CIRAD as a free solution can match some of he requirements (there is no module on index sensu stricto in Laser)
MANAGEMENT OF LIMS UNITS The Veterinary and Livestock Services Department of the Kingdom of Swaziland has nominated Dr. Sukati as PRINT focal person. One of the first task’s he has undertaken in this line was the collection of the quotation for the purchase of LIMS Units locally. Whether the Desktop, Laptop and Printer constituting the LIMS Unit will be purchased locally or centrally in Gaborone, their management had to be clarified and the Reporting Officers had candid discussion with staff members and later the Deputy Director of the Department. The LIMS Units are to be used for data collection and reporting to central LIMS and this involves Animal Health, Animal Production and Livestock Trade and Marketing data. This is well known and elsewhere it is not an issue. However, in Swaziland where the Epidemiology Unit taking care of Animal Health data and the Animal Production Division managing the rest of the data are located in separate location with 50 Kilometres distance between them. Under such circumstances allocating the LIMS tool becomes a difficult. PRINT Livestock Project does not want to intervene in the decision making for the allocation. However, it was made clear that both components of the Department should use the Unit and provide timely, complete and quality data to the Project.
4.1.6 REPORTS GENERATED BY VETERINARY AND LIVESTOCK SERVICES DEPARTMENT AND INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
Information generated from the Veterinary and Livestock Services in the form of reports mainly serve for the consumption of the Department internally or used for international reporting. Monthly reports on disease occurrence are sent to AU-IBAR and SADC while the six-monthly and Yearly reports on disease and other animal health information are sent to the OIE. The Animal Production Division does not produce any report for international reporting. We were not able to track where FAO data for Glipha originated from.
The annual report produced by the Epidemiology Unit includes the different activities conducted by the Veterinary Services and disease situation in the country during the year. The report is comprehensive and supported with charts, maps and graphs. Such annual
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 37 compilation is revitalised in 2003 and continued then after. Currently, very few copies are produced and its circulation is limited to the Department. The Reporting Officers believe that increasing its circulation (e.g. to other Departments in the Ministry, University, National Planning, Libraries, SADC and its Member States, etc.) will facilitate information sharing and assist in visibility.
Except for some data included in the Veterinary Services annual report, there is no specific compilation in a form of annual report catering for all Units of the Animal Production Division. If producing a separate annual report is not practical (and may be not necessary), compiling a unified Departmental annual report encompassing Health and Production should be considered. There is little capacity for sophisticated time series and spatial series analysis on the long run hence a need for training. Rate mapping of disease rates is not undertaken whether using DT or other observational unit populations, or real figures for a population at risk considered every time when an outbreak occurs.
4.1.7 LIST OF GIS DATA COLLECTED
The GIS is used at the range unit (with new staff of DPU) and at Epid. Unit in Manzini. One license of Arcview 3.2a is available at Epid. Unit. The following layers of GIS data in ArcView format (Shape files) were collected during the mission and provided by Epid Unit in Manzini.
AEZ
ADMIN123
DIPTANKS
Border posts and control ports
Veld layers
Roads
Nature reserves
Vaccination zones
Rivers
Office slocations of MoAC
Surveillance zone
Wetlands
Additional maps and layers were retrieved from several web sources and are available at RINT. Some map and tabular data are displayed in the following paragraphs.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 38
Figure: Map FEWS-admin2 (source FEWS website) compiled by PRINT
SUBREGION CompteDeSUBREGION
Figure: Map FEWS-admin3 compiled by PRINT
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 39
0 Entfonjeni 16 Gege 14 Hlathikul 8 Hluti 10 Lavumisa 16 Lobamba 18 Lomahasha 27 Lubuli 37 Malandzela 35 Malindza 12 Mankayane 63 Manzini 1 26 Manzini 2 29 Manzini 3 26 Maputo 1 Mayiwane 24 Mbabane 46 Mbulungwane 16 McIntyre 16 Mliba 37 Nhlangano 15 Piggs Peak 13 Siphofaneni 22 Siphofanennn 1 Siteki 1 18 Siteki 2 21 Sithobela 31 X 6
Diptanks : source Manzini (Epid. Unit), are not to be considered as ADMIN3 but rather as veterinary and LS management units DT all_swazidiptanks.xls (list in electronic annexe CD) TANK_NAME LATITUDE LONGITUDETANK_NO SUBREGION TENURE REGION Mdumela -27,209 31,542195 Hluti SNL Sh Dabe -27,124 31,674690 Hluti SNL Sh Mpakeni -27,164 31,581700 Hluti SNL Sh …..
In the data provided by Epid unit 604 DT are recorded in one file, whereas mentions were given for a total number of 700 and about 500 reporting for census. * in another file diptank1 (or diptank_areas or diptanks_p.xls), we account 566 DT. A breakdown is then provided by regions.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 40 REGION CompteDeREGION 0 Hh 91 Lb 143 Moz 1 Mz 149 PV 13 RV 66 Sh 95 SZ 46
The type of management of the DT is also indicated.
TENURE CompteDeTENURE 0 District 1 GOV 7 Office 8 SNL 332 TDL 157 X 99
We also got FEWS Enumeration Areas, relevant for Food security surveys.
NAME1_ CompteDeNAME1_ 19/Mofu/Lushikishini 1 Air-Port 1 Anglican 1 B4 Bhunya 1 Bahai 1 Bahloli/Khulani 1 Bambitje/Shisizwe 1 Banana/Quarters 1
5. CONCLUSIONS
The mission enabled the reporting officers understand better the structure and functioning of the Veterinary and Livestock Services Department of Swaziland. Data flow from field to the headquarters through different intermediate structures was assessed. While the major need for the Epidemiology Unit is a custom made database for the storage and analysis of data, there are few other areas which need to be streamlined. Wider distribution of the reports particularly the yearly report, improved hardware and software are few of these.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 41 In the case of Animal Production and Livestock Trade and Marketing, there is a pressing need to develop data collection forms in a participatory manner and refresher course and motivation for field staff members. As part of the recommendation of the Animal Production, Veld and Marketing Sub-committee meeting, PRINT together with other members of the taskforce, is in a process of drafting reporting forms for Animal Production and Livestock Trade and Marketing data. Swaziland can make use of these reporting forms once they are ready. There is also need for an electronic database for the storage and analysis of data coming from the field.
While the proposed LIMS tools will bridge the gap of electronic database, specific custom made applications are needed for the Breed Performance data and animal identification.
6. WAY FORWARD We will share SADC Animal Production and Livestock Trade and Marketing data collection forms when they will be ready, and SWZ will be associated in the forum to design a core solution for reporting on the issue. We will explore ways of sourcing consultancy to improve the current Beef Animal Improvement Programme database
7. Other Topics (than LIMS) discussed during the mission Additionally the Team discussed the topics listed hereafter:
2/ Participation of the Kingdom to the Laboratory sub committee in March 2007 In the absence of Dr Dube, his deputy DD was informed about the venue of the next sub committee and PRINT repeated the importance of participation.
3/ Participation of the Kingdom in some of the PRINT studies, particular on commodity chain analysis (Small stock - Goat), and on zoning (SWZ has a quota with EU). There are four (4) Clusters of PRINT studies under PE3 and here after are the draft ToR’s of Cluster3: - CLUSTER 1: Studies on Livestock populations, Studies on Livestock Census in different SADC contexts Swaziland could be a case for a comparative study of methods for census of LS in the SADC region.
- CLUSTER 3: Studies on Marketing and Commodity chains of LS (live animals) and of LS products (Meat) Studies on the characterization and modelling of some important commodity chains (added value chain) in the livestock sector (i.e. with reference to the commodity chain analysis, or filière approach, aiming at describing the added value process)5.
5 in the tender, the major focus will be given to the marketing of live animals and to meat commodity in small stock species, to serve as a model and to better reflect PRINT interest in smallholders. Depending on specific needs other related commodities will be addressed: hides skins, pelts, mohair
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 42 Tentative ToR’s: indicative activities and potential deliverables should be selected accordingly to country, specie targeted, beneficiary (target group) addressed, time constraint, procedure used, level of funding.
Some indicative activities are listed hereafter: • 1/ literature review and desk study on state of the art & methods for such studies, Rationale of such studies, reasons to undertake characterization of value added chains, questions to be answered, and methodological options ways to answer? • 2/ Indications on generic and specific sources of data to be consulted (list potential contributors in SADC MS), and type of data to be collected, with their respective role in the analysis. • 3/ Provision of a methodological package in order for MS to carry out quick appraisal and studies: i.e. quick survey and guidelines material (a series of semi structured questionnaires relevant to interview different sources, and associated with guidelines to use them, and an indication of key informants to be interviewed as relevant sources of information, then the type of analysis to carry out, and methodological options to undertake the mapping of the chain (both organisational chart and geographical models of mapping. Financial templates for quantification and characterisation of value adding process should also be provided. • 4/ Design and provision of a standardized database, in line i.e. consistent with the survey material proposed and to be used for entering data collected during the field work (GIS interface solution will be appreciated). This aspect should form the basis of an information management system about the marketing chain to be associated with the methodology proposed. Hence when similar surveys will be repeated, it will represent a good candidate for a Value added information system VAIS, to enable monitoring of changes within the commodity chain e.g. any improvement in the distribution of the value added. The information system should also provide a solution for informing about the source of data and its accuracy i.e. the Metadata framework for data collection should be embedded. The documentation attached to the information system to be used with the proposed methodology should encompass the conceptual model of the database and the metadata model, and a sample database (with entry forms but without data entered). • 5/ Validation of the methodology proposed during a testing phase in selected MS. With use of the methodological package proposed, the consultant will test the methodology in selected member states; modify and adapt it to the specific needs and characteristics of the country and benchmark. Hence this will indirectly provide support to the MS (MoA) in order for them to implement similar studies. During the validation phase , the test should constitute a learning process (capacity building) for relevant staff from acquire capacity , know how to use the methodology and therefore be able to launch similar studies. During the validation phase the aim will be to characterize the functioning, and the performance of marketing chain of small stock (sheep’s or .goats) in selected MS: – The validation should be implemented in at least two selected geographical sites, out of four proposed (it should be undertaken in Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, or in Botswana). – The validation should be implemented in partnership with MoA and with Farmers organisations, commodity associations or the industry – The validation should lead to preliminary compilation of recent statistical figures to characterize the commodity chain (structure and performance) taking into account time and space scales in the tested areas
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 43 • 7/ production of full report, including technical annexes, the toolbox to be used further in other MS, and production of web pages presenting the methodology on the topic.
It was not possible to meet the dean and head of the relevant departments at UNISWA. Nevertheless the head of Department of Animal Production and Health was met at the PPP workshop in November and will be addressed to participate in the tender TSP1MKT, during the phase of declaration of interest.
Details of the UNISWA institution are here derived from an ICART document. Department of Agricultural Economics and Management M.B. Masuku - Head of Department Mission The mission of the Department of Agricultural Economics and Management is pursue excellence in teaching, research and outreach in the field of Agricultural Economics and Management; and address the need for trained manpower at undergraduate and post-graduate levels in the field. The Department also strives to provide technical assistance in research and consultancy work. Objectives 1. To produce highly skilled graduates in Agricultural Economics and Management to meet public and private sector demand for highly skilled manpower. 2. To undertake applied research and consultancy to enhance the performance of public and private sectors of the economy. 3. To foster linkages with other institutions and departments with similar interest. 4. To engage in outreach activities in communities in order to enhance socio-economic development.
Department of Animal Production and Health Dr B.J. Dlamini - Head of Department Mission The Department of Animal Production and Health seeks to foster excellence in teaching, research and outreach, particularly in collaboration with small and medium enterprises for mutual benefit. Objectives 1. To offer courses in Animal Production and Health in order to respond to human resource needs in this area. 2. To conduct research in the broad field of Animal Production and Health. 3. To promote collaboration between the Department and industry in research and outreach. 4. To develop and subsequently offer post-graduate degree courses. 5. To strengthen entrepreneurial projects for students. 6. To develop mechanisms for disseminating user-friendly information to stakeholders. 7. To secure funding for research, academic and the development of infrastructure.
Another department of the UNISWA (source ICART) could be associated to the tender TSP1MKT:
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 44 - UNISWA RESEARCH CENTRE The staffs of the Centre are: Prof. O. T. Edje, Acting Director Ms. H. Z. Nkambule, Research Assistant Mrs. F. Magagula, Secretary
VISION Technical advancement and sustainable development through excellence in research. MISSION The UNISWA Research centre serves as a focal point for research at the university. It endeavours to facilitate the coordination, accumulation and dissemination of knowledge and information through research and enhances economic growth and development promotes socio cultural values.
OBJECTIVES 1. To promote meaningful research at UNISWA by vitalizing research culture, liaising with relevant organs to harmonize teaching and research activities, and introducing incentives that are conducive to effective utilization of the available competencies and capabilities. 2. To strengthen staffing and upgrade facilities at the Research Centre to become the University’s focal point for identifying, prioritizing and coordinating research, and compiling and disseminating research information. 3. To strengthen the technical base for research and its relevance through technical support, training and availability of key literature. 4. To formulate, review, implement and monitor policies and procedures for processing research proposals for funding. 5. To liaise with the National Research Council of Swaziland and establish links with other research institutions in and outside the country to strengthen and diversify research agenda. 6. To accommodate the diversity in research and encourage problem-specific and creative research to address UNISWA’s academic requirements and national and regional needs. 7. To establish and sustain effective interaction with beneficiaries of research and other stakeholders for enhancing research relevance and adoption. 8. To establish links with industry and other sectors for cooperation in handling research needs and provision of funding for research. 9. To utilise effectively available resources; cooperate with other institutions for sharing of facilities; and mobilize funding from inside.
MANDATE
The mandate of the UNISWA Research Centre is: 1. Preparation of research proposals for external funding and implementation by staff. 2. Facilitate and coordinate research submission of proposals; and monitor research funded by the UNISWA Research Board. 3. Conduct and/or commission studies. 4. Editing and publication of research reports in the form of UNISWA Research Centre Report Series. 5. Preparation and publication of research highlights. 6. Contribution to editorial activities of two UNISWA Research Journals and preparation of the Journals for publication. 7. Organization of seminars and workshops.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 45 8. Liaison with the National Research Council of Swaziland, the Institute for Research in Traditional Medicine, Medicinal and Indigenous Food Plants and other research organizations at national and regional levels and beyond. 9. Maintaining profile of research and researchers at the University and at national level.
- CLUSTER 4: Studies on Zoning and Compartmentalisation for promoting safe commerce of LS and LS products within SADC
Having adopted the zoning strategy to export beef to EU and to protect free zones, Swaziland will be a good case to be visited by experts during the PRINT comparative study on scenarii for zoning (OIE definition) planned in the SADC region.
- CLUSTER 2: Studies on Livestock populations: Studies on dynamic parameters of livestock flocks (ruminants): demographic parameters and production (yield)
Swaziland could benefit from a PRINT country support (implemented under CIRAD service contact) to promote new methods for recording data in governmental ranches towards evaluation of breeding programs. SWZ has already be participating to the testing of LDPS LS development Planning system from FAO, a series of Excel spreadsheets and macros developed by H. Steinfeld and Pius Chilonda.
4/ A potential support to the breeding data processing unit, by launching an analysis of the current system and promotion of new approaches on monitoring animals in the reference ranches, and in farms where bulls have been distributed by the government. LASER can be a solution tested.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 46
Annexures
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 47 ANNEX I – Terms of reference for the mission
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR PRINT LIVESTOCK PROJECT MISSION ON INFORMATION NEEDS ASSESSEMNT TO SWAZILAND 12 TO 14 MARCH 2007
The overall objective of the Mission is to discuss the information needs of the Department of Animal Production and Health of the Ministry of Agriculture of Swaziland. Information requirement in areas of Animal Health, Animal Production and Livestock Trade and Marketing in time and space scale, the purpose (planning, decision making, reporting or informing the general public or authorities) and ways of presentation will be discussed with staff members of the Department working in different sections.
Specific objectives will include, but not limited to, the followings: 1) Identify information needs of Animal Health Services 2) Identify information needs of Animal Production section 3) Identify information needs of Livestock Trade and Marketing 4) For each of the above, explore the spatial and temporal scale, the purpose for which and the format in which information is needed 5) Review the current information management systems (data sources, collection methods, databases used, outputs of data analysis, etc.) in each of the three major areas. 6) Collect GIS Data
PRINT LIVESTOCK PROJECT INFORMATION NEEDS ASSESSMENT MISSION TO SWAZILAND, 1 – 2 MARCH.
DRAFT ITINERARY
Arrival in Swaziland: 28th February 2007. 26 – 28 FEB 2007: MEETING OF THE SADC SUBCOMMITTEE FOR APVM ANIMAL PRODUCTION VELD AND MARKETING
Thursday 1st March 2007 Morning • Courtesy call at Department of Veterinary and Livestock 9:00-10:00 am Services 10:00 – 12:30 • Review of overall information needs • Information needs – Animal Health
Afternoon • Information needs – Animal Health (cont.) 14:00-15:00 • Review of existing information management system (data sources, tools, outputs) – Animal Health 15:00 – 16:30
Friday 2nd March 2007 Morning • Information needs – Animal Production (Cont.) 8:30 – 10:30 • Review of existing information management system (data sources, tools, outputs) – Animal Production 10:30 – 12:30 Afternoon • Information needs – Livestock Trade and Marketing 14:00-15:00 • Collection of GIS data & wrap-up/debriefing meeting 15:00 – 16:30
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 48
ANNEX II – CD (electronic annexes): The CD attached to the report provides a variety of documents and of dataset that have been retrieved in view of preparing the design and planning of LIMS. It is available for consultation (PB or BB).
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 49
ANNEX III – Illustration on Master data of LIMS, and implication for structures of table There are fixed Parameters to be used in master data series (static dataset in LIMS)
Master Animal Health data Table: Excerpts from SADC AH reporting format Table of Disease Codes Code Disease Code Disease A010 Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) B051 Anthrax A011 FMD Virus O B052 Aujesky's disease A012 FMD Virus A B055 Heartwater A013 FMD Virus C B056 Leptospirosis A014 FMD Virus SAT 1 B058 Rabies A015 FMD Virus SAT 2 B059 Paratuberculosis A016 FMD Virus SAT 3 B060 Screwworm (C. hominivorax) A017 FMD Virus Asia 1 B101 Anaplasmosis A018 FMD Virus not typed B102 Babesiosis (bovine) A020 Vesicular Stomatitis (VS) B103 Bovine brucellosis (B. abortus) A021 VS Virus Indiana B104 Bovine genital campylobacteriosis A022 VS Virus New Jersey B105 Bovine tuberculosis (M. bovis) A023 VS Virus not typed B107 Dermatophilosis A030 Swine Vesicular Disease B108 Enzootic bovine leukosis A040 Rinderpest B109 Haemorrhagic septicaemia (bovine) A050 Peste des petits ruminants B110 Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR/IPV) A060 Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia B111 Theileriosis (bovine) (ECF/corridor) A070 Lumpy Skin Disease B112 Trichomoniasis (bovine) A080 Rift Valley Fever B113 Trypanosomiasis A090 Bluetongue B114 Bovine malignant catarrh A100 Sheep & goat pox B115 Bovine spongiform encephalopathy A110 African horse sickness B202 Dourine A120 African swine fever B307 Fowl pox A130 Classical Swine Fever (Hog cholera) A150 Fowl plague C702 Blackleg A160 Newcastle disease C614 Sheep scab (mange)
Master Animal Production Population data: Category of animal taken into consideration in Swaziland given reporting format provided
So far some categorisation is provided in the SADC reporting format on animal production, but there is no flock composition.
Cattle Sheep Goats Horses Donkeys Pigs Poultry Ostriches Deer
Where some countries clearly have the capability to provide more detailed information, they generally adopt a regionally non harmonized presentation, where categories reflect the specific utility of the animals for the MS. This will pose problems of harmonisation. Generally categorisation adopted is a mix between biological categories (age / sex), and functional categories (breeds, economic and production-oriented, or commodity related e.g. dairy, draught, meat..). These functional categories are provided in the forms used for census at DT level.
Master trade and marketing LTM master data: Part of the master datasets for commerce (import M and export X) should be the set of parameters used in the harmonized system HS (international custom system with 2 up to 6 digits to categorize the product which is traded), as it is already used into the SADC trade
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 50 database, as it will allow full integration of both systems by export of data and import based on similar categorisation scheme. In the case of beef in SWZ there are also grading systems being used that can be reflected in the statistics in LIMS.
Table : HS2 used for agricultural products
Master Data: Coding some geographical structures The same principles apply to geographical data
To be easily mapped and represented, a significant % of tabular data stored under LIMS, should be allocated (or joint) to a given geographical infrastructure dot, polygon, polyline: (e.g. a disease outbreak at a date was located at a given cattle post). Hence it is recommended that an indicative list of such veterinary and LS infrastructures be used as illustrated in the following table. This is part of the master dataset.
In the case of Swaziland some master data of reference are not used by the ministries. Hence the polygonal system ADM123 used by WHO SALB is not usable in Swaziland and should be replaced by the system used by the Ministry MOAC, made of regions, and sub regions.
The diptank level is confirmed to be extremely important to be considered as it represents the primary unit of observation (and used for census, health reports etc..), but not necessarily being considered as an official ADMIN level.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 51
Table: Some examples of geographical structures of interest on LS to be recorded and geo- referenced in a GIS, hence in a LIMS. In yellow some layers which LIMS GIS should take attention to, since one can notice discrepancy with regard to the WHO reference system. In green we have highlighted in green important layers for SWAZ Origin Destination of movements Type of geographical object comments Administrative zone 1 Political Polygon Topo-names / References WHO regions UN Administrative zone 2 Political Polygon Administrative zone 2 Political Sub regions From those Used by WHO should not be used representing traditional authority or communities Administrative zone 3 Political Polygon
Elementary LS management zone dot (or epidemiology unit): Dip tank = Crush pen / Kraal VELD categories AEZ Elementary LS management zone: Polygon Depends on organisational chart Enumeration Area FEWS for FS surveys Village habitat (gazeeter) dot Veterinary Clinic / type ABCD dot Typology Dispensary Farm polygon Concept varies (commercial free hold / private; large / small) Ranch polygon Development Blocks polygon Border post / Gate (entry point at a dot Gate on a border border of a national territory or in a vet fence i.e. between two distinct zones within a country) Export abattoir / dot Plant / building feedlots Polygon/ dot Quasi farm speculators dot An address Farm isolation camp/ private Polygon subset of a farm It differs from holding grounds and quarantine within farm from official quarantine other abattoirs (municipal, Local) dot Municipal abattoir with concrete basement / scab Zones within veterinary fence Polygon Large area (hierarchy on the Secondary LS management zone: country) fenced zone (freedom from FMD management) Official Quarantine area Polygon Real quarantine ground / field with boundaries / fences Official Quarantine camp Polygon Building / fences Show grounds Polygon or dot Exhibition, Fair events place Urban area with LS Polygon Geographical structure Auction farm / Auction ground Polygon / dot auction within a farm / Real Sales pens Auction out of a farm Communal area Polygon An area quasi farm but where animal graze in common Marketing place dot Fattening farms Dot / Polygon Breeding centres Dot / Polygon Fences Linear Road Linear Trek road for cattle Linear Rangeland categories
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 52
Table: Official coding scheme being used in 2000 for geo-referencing (coding) LS datasets, admin1 and 2. (source WHO IGCA 2005). It should not be used at ADMIN2 level as LS services use other patterns to breakdown from ADMIN1 to other scales. The ADMIN2 level used in the WHO dataset represents broad communities which are not used by MoAC. Instead they use sub regions from other sources (cf. FEWS Admin2) and Dip Tanks as already presented in chapter 417.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 53 Country: Swaziland Representativity: January 2005 Source of the data: Surveyor General's Department Source of the codes: SALB project, Copyright © United Nations 2002-2005. All rights reserved Comments: None 1st administrative level names 1st administrative level codes 2nd administrative level names 2nd administrative level codes Hhohho SWZ001 Lobamba SWZ001001 Hhohho SWZ001 Mandlangamphisi SWZ001002 Hhohho SWZ001 Maphalaleni SWZ001003 Hhohho SWZ001 Mayiwane SWZ001004 Hhohho SWZ001 Mbabane East SWZ001005 Hhohho SWZ001 Mbabane West SWZ001006 Hhohho SWZ001 Mhlangatane SWZ001007 Hhohho SWZ001 Motjane SWZ001008 Hhohho SWZ001 Ndzingeni SWZ001009 Hhohho SWZ001 Nkhaba SWZ001010 Hhohho SWZ001 Nkhungwini SWZ001011 Hhohho SWZ001 Ntfonjeni SWZ001012 Hhohho SWZ001 Piggs Peak SWZ001013 Hhohho SWZ001 Timpisi SWZ001014 Lubombo SWZ002 Dvokodvweni SWZ002001 Lubombo SWZ002 Hlane SWZ002002 Lubombo SWZ002 Lomahasha SWZ002003 Lubombo SWZ002 Lubuli SWZ002004 Lubombo SWZ002 Lugongolweni SWZ002005 Lubombo SWZ002 Mhlume SWZ002006 Lubombo SWZ002 Mpolonjeni SWZ002007 Lubombo SWZ002 Nkilongo SWZ002008 Lubombo SWZ002 Siphofaneni SWZ002009 Lubombo SWZ002 Sithobela SWZ002010 Lubombo SWZ002 Tikhuba SWZ002011 Manzini SWZ003 Kukhanyeni SWZ003001
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 54 Manzini SWZ003 Kwaluseni SWZ003002 Manzini SWZ003 Lamgabhi SWZ003003 Manzini SWZ003 Ludzeludze SWZ003004 Manzini SWZ003 Mafutseni SWZ003005 Manzini SWZ003 Mahlangatsha SWZ003006 Manzini SWZ003 Mahlanya SWZ003007 Manzini SWZ003 Mangcongco SWZ003008 Manzini SWZ003 Manzini North SWZ003017 Manzini SWZ003 Manzini South SWZ003018 Manzini SWZ003 Mhlambanyatsi SWZ003011 Manzini SWZ003 Mkhiweni SWZ003012 Manzini SWZ003 Mthongwaneni SWZ003013 Manzini SWZ003 Ngwempisi SWZ003014 Manzini SWZ003 Nhlambeni SWZ003015 Manzini SWZ003 Ntondozi SWZ003016 Shiselweni SWZ004 Gege SWZ004001 Shiselweni SWZ004 Hosea SWZ004002 Shiselweni SWZ004 Kubuta SWZ004003 Shiselweni SWZ004 Lavumisa SWZ004004 Shiselweni SWZ004 Maseyisini SWZ004005 Shiselweni SWZ004 Matsanjeni SWZ004006 Shiselweni SWZ004 Mbangweni SWZ004007 Shiselweni SWZ004 Mtsambama SWZ004008 Shiselweni SWZ004 Ngudzeni SWZ004009 Shiselweni SWZ004 Nkwene SWZ004010 Shiselweni SWZ004 Sandleni SWZ004011 Shiselweni SWZ004 Shiselweni 1 SWZ004012 Shiselweni SWZ004 Sigwe SWZ004013 Shiselweni SWZ004 Zombodze SWZ004014 4 units 55 units
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 55 ANNEX IV – Reports for Tabular data of LIMS, and implication for the structures of table
Tabular data are inputs to the system structure. They can provided based on various time scales Weekly Monthly, Biannual, Annual reports, and spatial scales (ADMIN123 or based on any infrastructure)
1/Animal Health data e.g. Monthly AH: The format is debated by PRINT and EIS sub committee.
2/Animal production, veld trade and marketing* Data The format for tabular data on animal production, veld trade and marketing ( APTVM) is so far an Annual & National report, which is very poor as compared to the AH dataset. There are numerous examples where stakeholders can provide a good data set at a lower scale (time scales Weekly Monthly, Biannual, reports, and any spatial scales) as it was demonstrated at the PPP workshop. On APVTM data, new changes and a new time frequency will be adopted soon in order to evolve from the current minimal reporting scheme agreed at SADC, to a more useful format. It will be undertaken under the supervision of the reference Sub C’s. In order to have this in the LIMS phase 1, this would need urgent delineation of final format; otherwise it will go more likely in LIMS Phase 2.
*SADC trade database is only providing national and annual series based on value of trade, not physical volumes.
Several actors can play a role in providing data and information to LIMS that the one highlighted in the commodity approach diagram, hence providing elements for assessing the variability of the parameters used as inputs of LIMS.
Diagram: The institutional framework in the multi-actor approach in commodity analysis:
Some stakeholders of the private sector were identified during the mission and are listed in the following table. Details will be updated with help of the PFP.
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 56
Mr Business [email protected] 6026582 Mkhululi advisor Dlamini Technoserve Swaziland Fuyani Coop Broilers Philani Coop Thabsile Dlamini 4424014 Broilers Shibani Coop Eggs Khutsala Coop Mrs Margareth Makhandanje 343 4447 Eggs Kusili Coop Broilers Moses Power Team PO BOX 238 Lobanba +268 6030313 Shongwe Feedloter’s association KT: 6085677 Kenneth Swaziland Tatrudze
Mr Pig Producers Luhhoshima association SWZ Managing Swaziland Phone 505-8262 E-mail: ceo- Director Dairy Board Fax 505-8260 [email protected] P.O. Box 2975 Manzini. Managing Swaziland Tel: 268 5184033, 5184165 Email: Director Meat Fax: 268 5184418 [email protected] Swaziland Industries Ltd Meat P. O. Box 446 Industries Manzini SWAZILAND
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 57 3/ Metadata and quality module Sources of data & quality scaling (reliable to poor quality): The data sources and characteristics should be indicated in the LIMS (another master data). The example of the various census data is an illustration of the variability of information and sources that PRINT will be facing.
Census sources: Botswana 1) 1996 – 2003 (2003 Annual agricultural survey report) 2) 2004 = Report to SADC Epidemiology & Informatics subcommittee meeting (2005), 3) 2000+2005 = Cattle census for the last 9 years (1997 – 2005) by report by the Department of Animal Health and Production, Ministry of Agriculture
Another illustration of metadata is given on how to deal with such issue for GIS dataset (provided hereafter from WHO SALB) Country: Madagascar Representativity:/ last update dateJanuary 2000 Source of the data: Institut Géographique et Hydrographique National Source of the codes: SALB project, Copyright © United Nations 2002-2005. All rights reserved With the agreement of the National Mapping Agency, the accents that were reported on some administrative unit names (à, ñ, ï, ...) have been removed in order to follow the specifications of the project. Comments: Besides, some administrative units having the same are followed by a "I" or a "II" after their name, which is the official way of writing them. "I" corresponds to "urban" and "II" corresponds to "rural".
Besides, the quality of data should be indicated with an indicative ranking (Metadata concept).
Gradual extension to other tabular data, addition of documents, images There is room for any Extension to other LIMS inputs & other complementary datasets. They could be issued from routine though detailed6 reporting available in some MS (cf. price watch Namibia), or from specific datasets originated from other sources on specific topics like e.g. PRINT study7.
This aspect can be dealt with as a repository approach like done at FAO
6 e.g. surveillance of key degradation plants under risk management given climate chang, carrying (grazing) capacity, made possible by use of data from a Veld assessment and calculation on stocking rates (Livestock units) like in RSA. 7 e.g. specific CBPP and FMD information system, all to fall under Laboratory and EIS sub committees
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 58 ANNEX V – Disease reporting form, Region Monthly report Import permits in SWZ
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 59
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 60
Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 61 Mission report CIRAD LIMS Pascal Bonnet & Berhanu Bedane, January February 2007 Page 62