Indonesian Journal of English Language Studies Vol. 2, Number 1, February 2016
Introducing a Cat Tool to Translate: Wordfast
Fika Apriliana, Ardiyarso Kurniawan, Sandy Ferianda, and Fidelis Chosa Kastuhandani
ABSTRACT
This article aims at introducing CAT tools to those prospective translators who are familiar with with the tools for the first time. Some of the CAT tools must be paid for while some others are free. This article is to inform the readers about the list of free and paid CAT tools, advantages and disadvantages of those tools. One does not need special training for using a free CAT tool while using the paid CAT tools, one needs some special preparation. This article is going to focus more on Wordfast Pro as the second most widely used CAT tools after SDLTrados. Wordfast Pro is a paid software the functioning of which is based on the creation of a Translation Memory which facilitates and speeds up the translator's work. This article is going to briefly explain the advantages of Wordfast Pro and the steps of using it. The translation example is presented to reveal the different translation results of Wordfast Pro as a paid CAT tool and OmegaT as a free CAT tool. Therefore, the article will facilitate those who intend to know more about Wordfast Pro and start using it.
Keywords: CAT tools, Wordfast Pro, OmegaT
INTRODUCTION When using CAT tools, it is Computerized translation has attracted immediately clear which parts of the text the attention of a large number of people must be translated; the unchanging who work directly or indirectly on portions are transferred accurately and translational issues such as professional directly; the time savings due to repeating translators, teachers, linguists, researchers expressions is huge; and expressions are and future translators. A CAT tool is translated consistently. However, there are generally defined as a computer program many other functions that offer the that helps to translate text documents more translator a number of other advantages. efficiently. The decision-taking task does When using CAT tools, it is not correspond to the computer but the immediately clear which parts of the text decision-taking is the human translators’ must be translated because CAT tools use duty (Carrove, 1999). segmentation. CAT tools segment the text In a commercial setting, the to be translated in segments (sentences) combination of machine translation and and present the segments in a convenient human collaboration needs to have some way, to make translating easier and faster. advantage over machine translation and In Wordfast Pro, for example, each human translation taken independently. segment is presented in a special box, and Otherwise, this combination will be the translation can be entered in another abandoned. Some of the advantages that box in the right side of the source text. Melby (1996) in Carrove (1999) saw are Through special "fuzzy search" features (1) lower cost, (2) higher speed and (3) the search functions of Wordfast Pro even increased quality through consistent use of find segments which do not match 100%. terminology. This saves a lot of time and effort and
ISSN 2442 – 790X 60 Indonesian Journal of English Language Studies Vol. 2, Number 1, February 2016 helps to make a coherent and consistent the text string in which the term occurs. translation. The process is certainly slower and more Cocci (2007) stated that CAT tools complicated compared to machine contain no program based on machine translation, but the result is more translation and no ready-made bilingual interesting in the long run. dictionary. The "dictionary" is created by the translator with each translation and CAT TOOLS revision. She explained further that looking The list of available CAT software is for a term with a CAT tool means large, and the extended features of these searching through the previously created programs are varied. Most of the software translation memory. Another function of is in paid version. It means the translator CAT tools is to save the translation units in has to pay amount of money in order to be a database, called translation able to use the software. Meanwhile, some memory (TM), so that they can be re-used of CAT tools are available for free. The for any other text, or even in the same text. translators can get the software freely by The result of the search is not the downloading the software through internet. equivalent term in the other language, but OmegaT Smartling Translation Management Free MateCat Wordfast Anywhere CAT tools SDL Trados 2015 MemoQ 2013 Paid Deja Vu X3 Swordfish Translation Editor Wordfast Pro
Figure 1. List of Free and Paid CAT Tools Free CAT Tools Translation Managementis a cloud-based translation software platform that Some of CAT tools are now available simplifies and streamlines the translation for free and all the translators and process. MateCat is an enterprise-level, translation agencies can easily get a variety online CAT tool designed to make post- of these tools over the internet. According editing and outsourcing easy and to to proz.com, some of the free CAT tools provide a complete set of features to are OmegaT, Smartling Translation manage and monitor translation projects. It Management, MateCat, and Wordfast is supported by the integration of the Anywhere. largest collaborative translation memory OmegaT is a free and open source and the best machine translation. Wordfast multiplatform CAT tool with fuzzy Anywhere is designed to freelance matching, translation memory, keyword translators from their home or office and search, glossaries and translation allow them to work on projects from leveraging into updated projects. Smartling anywhere they have internet connection. Users can upload TM assets to a secure,
ISSN 2442 – 790X 61 Indonesian Journal of English Language Studies Vol. 2, Number 1, February 2016 password-protected workspace and access by over 200,000 professionals users for them from virtually any device that has a translating, managing documents and web browser. projects with the price of $2895. The The free CAT tools have some similar second application is MemoQ2013. With characteristics. Translation Memory (TM) the price of $770, this application offers an management as a powerful feature is also easy access to a wide variety of input and integrated in free CAT tools. The output file formats including files coming translation memory is essentially a from or going into other tools. It also database of pre-translated terms in order to comes with fast and reliable support and a maintain the consistency of terms used in wide range of free, live or pre-recorded the translation process. However, the use educational materials. The third of TM in free CAT tools is different with application is Déjà Vu X3. This $520 the use of TM in paid CAT tools. In free translation application becomes a very CAT tools, the translator has to upload or useful application for translator. It offers create TM by themselves. some great features such as fuzzy match The Machine Translation (MT) is repair, intelligent, Autowrite, XLIFF integrated within free CAT tools. With the export in professional edition, and new MT feature switched on, the free CAT tool PDF. The last Application is Swordfish will suggest machine translated Translation Editor. This application costs translations of unknown terms, which the cheaper than the other three, it costs $345 translator can review and accept or reject. for the paid version. With this application, The other features of free CAT tools are the translators will be supported by the fuzzy matching, match propagation, exchanging TMX (Translation Memory simultaneous processing of multiple-file eXchange) and a super fast internal projects, simultaneous use of multiple database server. translation memories, user glossaries with Although those applications share some recognition of inflected forms, document distinctive elements, they also share the file formats include Microsoft Word, same things in common. For example, each Excel, Powerpoint (.docx, .xlsx, .pptx) and of the applications uses Translation many other features. Memory to help the translator translate their work. Furthermore, the fast Paid CAT Tools functionality also becomes their similarity in which it will ease the users when using This section provides the information the application. Another similarity is the about several kinds of paid CAT Tools. license which is usually longer than the Four of them are SDL TRADOS 2015, free version. Each of applications has its MemoQ 2013, Déjà Vu X3, and Swordfish own license which is different from one Translation Editor. Basically, each of the and another. Generally, the license for the application shares different features as well free version can only stay for months, but as functions which differ them with one for the paid version, it can stay for years and another. The first application is SDL and it is updatable. Trados. It offers a complete CAT tool used
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Table 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Free CAT Tools and Paid CAT Tools
Advantages Disadvantages Free CAT Tools 1. Can be accessed freely 1. Not sophisticated 2. Provide the same basic interface features with Paid 2. Lower speed Version 3. Limited file formats 4. Limited TM and glossaries 5. License (monthly) Paid CAT Tools 1. User Friendly interface 1. Higher price 2. High speed batch of 2. Need to update license functionality and version 3. Wide range of file formats 4. unlimited number of TM and Glossaries 5. License (Year)
ABOUT WORDFAST PRO Thus, this condition will put the translators Since the growing number of the using the demo version in difficulties since computer assisted translation tool (CAT the license will not last longer. If they want Tool), the company producing the to purchase the pro one, the price for each application starts to make the applications application will be very much expensive as commercial since the needs of using them it has the longer license and the complete are everyday developed. The company features. provides some versions of translation Wordfast, as the world's leading applications to ease the users in choosing provider of platform-independent which versions they want to use. Recently, translation memory software offers the versions offered by the company are powerful desktop, server, and web-based the demo version and the paid version. solutions designed to meet the needs of Each of the version might not provide the freelance translators, translation agencies, translators with the same features. There multinational organizations, and might be some features missing in the educational institutions worldwide. It, as demo version compared to the paid one of the translation applications, also version. For instance, the license for the offers four types of products. They are the demo version will last only at least a classic type which is the tool for translators month. On the contrary, the license for the working in Microsoft (MS) Word, the pro paid or pro version will last for years. type which is the stand alone application
ISSN 2442 – 790X 63 Indonesian Journal of English Language Studies Vol. 2, Number 1, February 2016 for any platform, the anywhere type which The second feature is it offers a high- is the world's only free and completely speed batch processing functionality. In the confidential web-based TM tool, and the pro version, the users or the translators will last is the server type which is the power of not be difficult to do the translation server- based TM at a fraction of the cost process since it provides a high-speed of competitors. However, in this article the processing function. However, in the demo pro type will be discussed further so that version, the speed offered by the the translators or the users can look at the application will not be as fast as in the paid complete features before they buy the version. Hence, in the demo application application. when operating the application as well as When using the demo version of doing the translation process, the users or Wordfast, undoubtedly, the license would the translators will find it slower than in not be the same as in the paid or pro the paid version. version. Commonly, the license for the Another feature in the paid or pro demo version will only stay less than a version of Wordfast is it supports for a year. However, by using the pro version, wide range of file formats. With the wide users can have a longer version; the users range of file formats, users or translators can use it for years. The Wordfast will be able to translate many kinds of application offers a longer licence which is texts from different file formats so that good for the settled translators. With a they can maximize their work. In contrast, three-year license, the users will need to the limited wide range of file formats is pay approximately 400 Euro to own this commonly found in the demo version. pro application. Indeed, to own the pro Having the access to an unlimited version of Wordfast, the users or the number of TMs and glossaries becomes the translators will have to spend a lot of next feature offered in the paid version of money. However, after buying the pro Wordfast. Since the Wordfast translating version of this application, they will find a application is a translation-memory based lot of features which can be very helpful application, the users or the translators will for them when doing the translation need to have their own translation process. There are four features offered by memories when they want to use it. By the paid version of Wordfast according to having translation memories, the users or www.Proz.com the translators will very much be helped The first feature which the translator since they can access the words which will obtain when buying theWordfast pro have been stored in the translation version is that this application has a user- memories. The paid version of Wordfast friendly interface with customizable view provides an unlimited number of TMs and and shortcuts. With this feature, the glossaries which becomes the biggest translators or the users will be much easier advantage for the users as they do not need in using the application. Moreover, with to make or to store the TMs and it will be the user-friendly interface, the users will easy for them to use it. Unlike the paid or not get bored easily since they can the pro version, theWordfast demo version customize the view and the shortcuts as does not offer the translation memories. well. This feature will not be found in the Hence, the users or the translators will demo version as in the demo version, the have to make their own translation interface cannot be adjusted or customized memories before doing the translation and usually, the interface is not as user- activity. It of course puts them in friendly as in the pro version or in the paid difficulties since it will take time for them version.
ISSN 2442 – 790X 64 Indonesian Journal of English Language Studies Vol. 2, Number 1, February 2016 to create TMs as many as possible in order In general, this article aims at giving a to start using this application. brief and concise explanation of how to deal with Wordfast. However, in this section, the version used is demo version. Steps Using WordFast Pro The concept of Wordfast will be presented as follow:
Figure 2. The concept of WordFast (copyright Wordfast manual book, LLC 2009)
Here are several important information name, source locale, and target locale. A will be presented in this paper: creating a unique project name helps the translator in project, creating a translation memory, differenciating with other projects. It is defining colors and scores and also recommended to use the client name as the translating a project. project name. Source locale and target locale as shown in figure 3 below are the Creating a Project source language and the target language that will be used in the project. If either one of them is incorrect, files or translation In creating a project, there are three project could not be opened. important fields to be considered; project
Figure 3. Creating a Project
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Thus, three blank spaces should be filled appropriately; Project name, Source locale and Target Locale. Source locale (source language) and Target Locale (target language) can be chosen by clicking the blue arrow on the right side. After all, the project name appears in the project list as shown in figure 4 below.
Figure 4. Selecting a Project
In addition, it could be more than 2 projects appear in the project list depend on how many project that the translator has. Therefore, the translator should select the project appropriately. Another important stage in creating a project is preferences which refer to Translation Memory as shown in figure 5 below.
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Figure 5. Choosing TM Figure 5 refers to Translation Memory which will be used in the project later on. On the left side of the dialogue box, there are two Translation Memory; Local (all TM from your PC) and Remote (LAN connection with others). In this stage, the translator can decide which translation memory used in the current project and even creates a new translation memory. Creating a Translation Memory
The dialog box as shown in figure 6 allows the translator to decide which translation memory will be used on our project. We can open translation memory from the previous project or create the new one. In this case, creating a new translation memory is the main discussion.
Figure 6. Choosing TM This dialogue box allows us to decide which translation memory will be used on our project. We can open translation memory from the previous project or create the new one. In this case, we will create a new translation memory.
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The New Local TM dialog box appears as follow. There are 4 fields appear in the figure 7. All fields should be filled appropriately, especially for the source locale (source language) and target locale (target language).
Figure 7. Opening New Local TM
There are 4 fields appear in the figure 7. Make sure you fill all the fields appropriately, especially for the source locale (source language) and target locale (target language).
1. The New Local TM dialog box appears. Please fill in all the blank fields.
Figure 8. Creating TM
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2. The newly created local TM name appears in the Local TM List and the properties appear at the bottom of the dialog box.
Figure 9. The Created TM
A new Translation Memory is ready to use. Make sure that you give check on boxes: selected (to be used as main memory in translating project and also writable. Meaning that you COULD UPDATE the translation memory) or read-only (only used as references and not writable. Meaning that you COULD NOT UPDATE the translation memory) Opening a File
1. Click File > Open, select file for translation and click Open.
Figure 10. Opening a File
Right after you open the file, you will see it in your workspace. Before you start translating a project, it is necessary to define colors which appear on your workspace later on.
Defining Colors
Figure 11. List of Colors
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It should be taken into account about colors used/appears in Word fast. In general the colors give details information about the quality of the translation itself.
Figure 12. Table of Colors Each color can be edited. In other words, you can use your own favorite colors as the coding in the Word Fast. The process is very easy to do since you only have to click the icon of the color that needs to be change then replace it with the color that you like.
1. The first translatable segment will appear in a blue background
Figure 13. Segmentation
The dialogue box is split into two. The right side is the outline of the project which needs to be translated. The left side is the progress of the translation work. The blue background is the translatable segment. 2. Type the target segment. The typed target segment will appear in a pink background as shown in the screenshot below.
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Figure 14. Translating Project
You can select the icon Translation Saving a File Memory then click Next Segment or press There are several steps in saving a file Alt+Down. The typed target segment is with different format. First, you can click saved to the TM and the cursor moves to File then click Save or Ctrl+S to save the the next segment. After translating all the currently open file. Second, you can click File source segments, you select Translation then click Save translated file to save PPT, Memory then click Commit to TM or XLS or DOC files. Third, you can click File press Alt+End to update the TM before then click Save As to save and rename the file. closing the file. The leveraging repetitive Fourth, you can click File then click Save All content option can be used when there are to save all open files. repetitive segments in a file. For instance, if there are multiple instances of the phrase THE TRANSLATION RESULTS OF "Our Process" then the translator needs to USING WORDFAST PRO AND type the translation only once. The OMEGAT remaining segments are leveraged The table below shows the translations automatically. results of using Wordfast Pro as a paid CAT tool and OmegaT as a free CAT tool. By showing and analyzing the translation results, it is hoped that the article does not only provide the theoretical data but also empirical data. Therefore, the article will persuade those who intend to start using CAT tools especially WordFast Pro.
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Table 2. Comparison of Translation Results Using WordFast and OmegaT
Source Text Target Text: WordFast Target Text: OmegaT FutureEverything Conference: Konferensi FutureEverything Konferensi FutureEverything Signals of Tomorrow Singapore: Singapore: Saturday, 17 October 2015 | Signals of Tomorrow Signals of Tomorrow 10am - 6:30pm Sabtu, 17 Oktober, 2015 | 10:00- [1]Sabtu, 17 Oktober 2015 | 10.00 Expression Gallery, Level 4 18.30 - 18.30 Expression Gallery, Lantai 4 Galeri Ekspresi, Lantai 4[1] What is a smart nation, and what does it mean to be a smart Bagaimanakah bangsa yang Apa adalah bangsa yang cerdas, citizen? cerdas itu, dan apa arti menjadi dan apa artinya menjadi warga How are artists, designers, warga negara yang cerdas? pintar? futurists and civic innovators Bagaimana seniman, desainer, Bagaimana para seniman, playing with the technology that futuris dan inovator sipil bermain is weaving itself into the fabric of desainer, tokoh futurisme, dan dengan teknologi yang menenun our cities, economies and inovator kewarganegaraan itu sendiri ke dalam kain kota- infrastructure? memanfaatkan teknologi yang kota kita, ekonomi dan menjalin diri ke sendi-sendi kota, infrastruktur? ekonomi, beserta infrastruktur kita?
The FutureEverything Konferensi FutureEverything The FutureEverything Konferensi Conference will look at how life, akan menelaah bagaimana hidup, akan melihat bagaimana work and play have been bekerja, dan bersenang-senang kehidupan, bekerja dan bermain fundamentally transformed by secara fundamental telah diubah telah fundamental diubah oleh technology, and will stimulate a oleh teknologi, sekaligus akan teknologi, dan akan merangsang national conversation in percakapan nasional di Singapura mendorong diskusi nasional Singapore on the place of smart pada tempat teknologi pintar technology in society and culture. mengenai Singapura sebagai dalam masyarakat dan budaya. negara dengan teknologi yang cerdas dalam sosial dan budayanya.
Speakers: Pembicara:Usman Haque / Dan Pembicara: Usman Haque / Dan Hill / Sara Usman Haque / Dan Bukit / Sara Hill / Sara Watson / Scott Smith / Watson / Scott Smith / Andrea Watson / Scott Smith / Andrea Nanetti / Cheryl Chung / Tong Andrea Nanetti / Cheryl Chung / nanetti / Cheryl Chung / Tong Yee / Alexandra Deschamps- Tong Yee / Alexandra Yee / Alexandra Deschamps- Sonsino / Ayesha Khanna. Deschamps-Sonsino / Ayesha Sonsino / Ayesha Khanna. For more information on the Khanna Untuk informasi lebih lanjut speakers, click here. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang speaker, klik di sini. mengenai TED2015 serta profil
para pembicara, [1][2]klik di
sini[3][4].
From Saturday to Sunday, Mulai Sabtu hingga Minggu, Dari Sabtu ke Minggu, ArtScience Museum will host a ArtScience Museum akan ArtScience Museum akan series of early prototypes for menyelenggarakan serangkaian menjadi tuan rumah serangkaian participatory art projects that seek prototipe awal untuk proyek- prototipe awal untuk proyek seni to involve citizens in a playful, proyek seni partisipatif yang creative dialogue around the interaktif guna mengundang berusaha untuk melibatkan warga Singapore they imagine. keterlibatan warga dalam dialog dalam, dialog kreatif bermain di
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Source Text Target Text: WordFast Target Text: OmegaT kreatif yang menyenangkan sekitar Singapura mereka seputar Singapura yang mereka bayangkan. impikan.
These prototypes are the early- stage results of FutureEverything Berbagai prototipe ini merupakan Prototipe ini adalah hasil tahap Singapore’s Signals of Tomorrow hasil awal dari Lab Inovasi awal dari FutureEverything Innovation Lab, which aims to Signals of Tomorrow yang Sinyal Singapura of Tomorrow devise imaginative ways to diselenggarakan oleh Innovation Lab, yang bertujuan engage the public in envisioning FutureEverything Singapura dan untuk menemukan cara-cara the future of technology and a bertujuan untuk merancang cara- imajinatif untuk melibatkan Smart Nation. publik dalam membayangkan cara imajinatif yang akan masa depan teknologi dan Bangsa mengajak publik berinteraksi Cerdas. untuk membayangkan masa depan teknologi dan Bangsa yang Cerdas.
Cari tahu lebih lanjut Find out more: Temukan lebih banyak lagi: Lab Inovasi FutureEverything FutureEverything Singapore: FutureEverything Singapore: Signals of Tomorrow Innovation Singapura:Lab Inovasi Signals of Signals of Tomorrow Lab Tomorrow
FutureEverything Singapore is a FutureEverything Singapura FutureEverything
WordFast translated the word “smart” into From the table above, it can be found “cerdas”. In this context, “cerdas” seems to that the translation results of WordFast and be more appropriate and powerful, rather Omega have several differences. In than “pintar”. Another example from the general, there are two major difference; source text is the word “stimulate”. In diction and idioms/expressions. Both, Indonesian, the word “stimulate” could be either WordFast or Omega has its own translated into “merangsang”. However, it translation memory which contains words, seems less appropriate and powerful in this phrases or even clauses that have been context. Wordfast offers “mendorong” restored to it. In the source text, the author which sounds appropriate compare to writes the word “smart”. Instead of OmegaT. These differences are influenced “pintar” as translated by OmegaT, by translation memory used in the
ISSN 2442 – 790X 73 Indonesian Journal of English Language Studies Vol. 2, Number 1, February 2016 software. Wordfast has huge range of memory, Wordfast enables the user to translation memory which could be leverage the terminology and put it into leveraged within context. On the other different context. So, it offers various hand, OmegaT has translation memory range of terminology compare to OmegaT. limit in leveraging the translation memory which show less suggestion. CONCLUSION The second difference is the terminology. It is related with technical It is suggested for beginner translators words or expression used in a particular or prospective translator to use Wordfast subject or context. The text used in this which is designed to improve translators section is a poster design which tries to work. As shown in the previous sections promote a conference and attract people to above, it provides a collaborative and participate in the conference. Taken as the sophisticated feature in where translation example, in the source text it is written memory (TM) files can be used efficiently. “weaving itself into the fabric of our In addition, Wordfast is a flexible cities”. OmegaT translated it into application that can work with desktop “menenun itu sendiri ke dalam kain kota- either TM files or interact directly with a kota kita”. Meanwhile, WordFast powerful TM server application. It can also translated the same part into “menjalin diri operate as a stand-alone tool to supplement ke sendi-sendi kota” which sounds more existing translation workflows. appropriate. Pretty similar with translation
GLOSSARY Segment: sentences which are ready to be CAT tool: a computer program that helps to translate translated text documents more efficiently Server: a computer program or a machine that waits for requests from other Fuzzy Match: find segments which match and do not machines or software and responds match with the rate of 0% - 100% to them. LAN (Local Area Network): Source Local: the original language a computer network that interconnects Target Local: the translated language computers within a limited area such as a TM: translation units in a database residence, school, laboratory, or office Workflow: specialized translation building scenario using CAT tools
Match propagation: automatically applying a given translation throughout your document or project (also means error propagation).
REFERENCES
Carrove, M. S. (1999). Towards a theory of translation pedagogy.Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, Spain.
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Cocci, L. (2009). CAT tools for beginners. WordFast Pro Manual. Copyright © Translation Journal, 13 (4). Wordfast, LLC 2009. All rights reserved.
Software comparison tools. Retrieved http://wordfast.com/product November 4th 2015, http://www.omegat.org/en/omegat.html fromhttp:\\proz.com/software-comparison- tools/2?sort=default.
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