Chapter 21. Ethiopia, Yemen and Democratic Yemen P997
CHAPTER 21 ETHIOPIA, YEMEN AND DEMOCRATIC YEMEN Contents Page Introduction 997 Yemen 999 Democratic Yemen 1003 Ethiopia 1004 Background 1005 Delays in launching an eradication programme 1007 The programme begins, 1971 1009 The second year, 1972 1016 A year of hope, 1973 1018 A year of turmoil, 1974 1020 The final phase, 1975-1976 1024 Morbidity and mortality data 1032 Exportation of cases 1034 Conclusions 1034 INTRODUCTION also, the smallpox-free status of Democratic Yemen had to be regarded with some scepti- The execution of successful eradication cism. programmes was a challenge to all countries, Recognizing that effective national eradi- but for those which in 1967 had only just cation programmes would take time to estab- begun to develop national infrastructures for lish, WHO began to explore the possibility of health, transport and communication it pre- developing such programmes in each of the 3 sented a staggering problem . Ethiopia, with a countries as soon as the Intensified Pro- population of 25 .5 million (in 1970), was by gramme was launched in 1967 . Four years far the largest and most populous of countries elapsed, however, before eradication activities in this category . Across the Red Sea lay the had been established in all 3 countries . Plans much smaller states of Yemen (population, for a programme in Yemen had been dis- 4.8 million) and Democratic Yemen, with its cussed by government and WHO staff as early sparse population of 1 .5 million (Fig . 21.1). as 1959, a plan of operations had been signed The problem was complicated by civil strife, in 1961 and some vaccine had been provided .
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