www.svt.ntnu.no/ices16/ Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies Conference of the 16th International Proceedings Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies Volume 1 Volume 1 Volume Edited by Svein Ege, Harald Aspen, Birhanu Teferra and Shiferaw Bekele ISBN 978-82-90817-27-0 (printed) Det skapende universitet Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies Volume 1 Edited by Svein Ege, Harald Aspen, Birhanu Teferra and Shiferaw Bekele Department of Social Anthropology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 2009 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, ed. by Svein Ege, Harald Aspen, Birhanu Teferra and Shiferaw Bekele ISBN 978-82-90817-27-0 (printed) Vol. 1-4 http://www.svt.ntnu.no/ices16/ Printed in Norway by NTNU-trykk, Trondheim 2009 © The authors Table of contents Author index xv Preface xix Archaeology The Temple of Yeha: Geo-Environmental Implications on its Site Selection 1 and Preservation Asfawossen Asrat The Archaeology of Islam in North East Shoa 11 Kassaye Begashaw History A Miracle of the Archangel Uriel Worked for Abba Giyorgis of Gasəcca 23 Getatchew Haile Ras Wäsän Säggäd, a Pre-Eminent Lord of Early 16th-Century Ethiopia 37 Michael Kleiner T.aytu’s Foremothers. Queen Əleni, Queen Säblä Wängel and Bati Dəl 51 Wämbära Rita Pankhurst Ase Iyasu I (1682-1706) and the synod of Yébaba 65 Verena Böll Performance and Ritual in Nineteenth-Century Ethiopian Political Culture 75 Izabela Orlowska Shäwa, Ethiopia's Prussia. Its Expansion, Disappearance and Partition 85 Alain Gascon Imprints of the Time : a Study of the hundred Ethiopian Seals of the Boucoiran 99 collection Serge Tornay and Estelle Sohier The Hall Family and Ethiopia. A Century of Involvement 109 Toby Berger Holtz Using Cases to Teach Ethiopian, African and World History 119 James Quirin “Knowledge is an immovable eternal law which rules the world:” 127 Gäbre-Heywät Baykädañ’s Blueprint for Ethiopia’s Sovereign Modernity Matteo Salvadore iii Table of contents, vol. 1 Economic and Social Innovation during the Last Years of Emperor Mənilək’s 137 Life and the Short Reign of Ləj Iyasu Richard Pankhurst Imam Sugato Zäyni. A war-lord of the Selt’é Gogot. 151 Dirk Bustorf The foreign politics of ləg Iyasu in 1915/16 according to newly discovered 163 government papers Wolbert G.C. Smidt Exploring Landscape Change in Ethiopia: Evidence from Imaging and its 173 Interpretation Donald Crummey The Ethiopian Salt Trading System in the 20th Century: A View from Mäqäla, 185 Northern Ethiopia Tsegay B.Gebrelibanos “Deux ans de sejour en Abyssinia ou la vie morale, politique et religieuse” par 203 R.P.Dimethees as an issue for the histoire et the culture Ethiopian Eleonora Lvova Beta Israel Students Who Studied Abroad 1905-1935 209 Shalva Weil A Japanese Scoundrel’s Skin Game: Japanese Economic Penetration of 219 Ethiopia and Diplomatic Complications Before the Second Italo-Ethiopian War J. Calvitt Clarke III Colonialism as State-Maker in the History of the Horn of Africa: A 233 Reassessment Giampaolo Calchi Novati The Lion of Judah at Camelot: U. S. Foreign Policy towards Ethiopia as 245 Reflected in the Second State Visit of Emperor Haylä Selassé I to the United States Theodore M. Vestal Addis Ababa University in the Shadow of the Derg, 1974-1991 259 Randi Rønning Balsvik iv Table of contents, vol. 2 Anthropology The Forming of Town in Pastoral Society and its Meaning The case of Borana 273 in South Ethiopia Chikage Oba When Pastoral Commons are Privatised: Resource Deprivation and Changes in 283 Land Tenure Systems among the Karrayu in the Upper Awash Valley Region of Ethiopia Ayalew Gebre Why did the Manjo convert to Protestant? Social Discrimination and 299 Coexistence in Kafa, Southwest Ethiopia Sayuri Yoshida Violence Extended into the Middle Omo Valley: A View of Recent Raiding 311 Conflicts in Malo, Southwest Ethiopia Takeshi Fujimoto „How we let go war“ 323 Echi Christina Gabbert with Ginno Ballo Aynä təla: the Shadow of the Eye. 337 Healers and Traditional Medical Knowledge in Addis Ababa Eliana Pili The Gumuz: Are They Shifting Cultivators? 349 Berihun M. Mekonnen Sharing System of the “Scarce Resources” in Southern Ethiopia 357 Toru SOGA Beads in Konso, Southern Ethiopia 369 Birgitta Kimura and Dinote Kusia Shenkere Variations in Pottery Making in Southwestern Ethiopia 383 Morie Kaneko The Phallsification of the Kallačča: or, Why Sometimes a Cigar Is a Cigar 395 Hermann Amborn A History of Sport in Ethiopia 409 Solomon Addis Getahun Leaving Asmara – Individual migration projects of Eritrea’s 2nd generation of 419 refugees Magnus Treiber The mythical reflexivity of the Burji. Presentation of an ethnological-linguistic 425 methodology for interpreting oral literature Alexander Kellner v Table of contents, vol. 2 Destitution and Life Quality: Objective, subjective and dynamic measures and 435 interpretation based on household cases from Dinki, Amhara Region Alula Pankhurst Islam The Coming of Age of Islamic Studies in Ethiopia: The Present State of 449 Research and Publication Hussein Ahmed The Grandchildren of Abraha 457 Haggai Erlich Religious Change and Islam: The Emergence of the Salafi Movement in Bale, 463 Ethiopia Terje Østebø From Local to National Prominence: the Life and Achievements of Šayh al- 477 Hāğğ Muhammad Tānī b. Habīb b. Bašīr (1913/14-1989): Ethiopian Muslim Scholar, Teacher and Spiritual Leader Hussein Ahmed Ethiopian Orthdox Täwahedo Church On the Filming of “Pilgrimage to Ya’a” 491 Yasuo Matsunami1 and Minako Ishihara Spirit Possession and Pilgrimage The Formation and Configuration of the 505 Tijjānī Cult in Western Oromoland Minako Ishihara The Woman in the Creation Story According to the Andəmta Commentary of 517 the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido Church Mersha Alehegne Traditional Teaching in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church: Yesterday, Today and 527 Tomorrow Christine Chaillot Exploring iddir. Toward Developing a Contextual Theology of Ethiopia 535 Solomon Dejene Politics Political Conflicts in Ethiopia – in View of the Two-Faced Amhara Identity 549 Siegfried Pausewang Africanity, African Intellectuals and the Study of Ethiopia: Thoughts on the 561 Relevance of Mazruiana Seifudein Adem vi Table of contents, vol. 2 Prestige is the Argument: Ideas of Power and Development Aid in Ethiopia 573 Tsehai Berhane-Selassie The Ethiopian Diaspora and Homeland Conflict 589 Terrence Lyons US involvement in Africa, with special attention paid to Ethiopia as an 601 American ally between 1941 and 1974 Katarzyna Hryćko Regional Security Complex with Ethiopia as the Source of Eritrea’s Defense 609 Policy Scarlett Lopez Freeman Legal institutional hierarchies, justice and social order in Gurage area of 617 Ethiopia Getinet Assefa Gadena Perceptions of Fairness and Justice among the Anywaa Living in the Ethiopian 627 Region of Gambella: their relevance to conflict transformation Monika M Sommer A National Perspective on the Conflict in Gambella 641 Dereje Feyissa The Wayyane in Tigray and the reconstruction of the Ethiopian government in 655 the 1940’s Momoka Maki Is pluralism a fiasco in Ethiopia? 665 Solomon Ali Authoritarianism and the Ethiopian Body Politic. Dissonance between 673 Democratization and Elite Political subculture Paulos Milkias vii Table of contents, vol. 3 Development Gardens of Eucalyptus and Festuca in the highlands of Central Ethiopia: 697 a peasants’ response to economic and land issues Clarisse Guiral Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Kafficho people, southwestern 711 Ethiopia Tesfaye Awas and Sebsebe Demissew Welenkomi 35 years later 727 Axel Baudouin The Ethiopian Extension and the Farmer: A View from the Farm 751 Abeje Berhanu The Challenges of Land Tenure Reform to Structural Transformation of the 761 Economy: Lessons from Country Experiences Getnet Alemu The Effects of Fair Trade on Coffee Producers: A Case Study of Ethiopian 779 Coffee Cooperatives Yuka Kodama An Assessment of the Role of Local Institutions and Social Capital in 793 Household Food Security: A Case Study at Two Rural Communities in Oromiya Zone, Amhara Region Degefa Tolossa Lessons from the Food-for-Work Experience of the 1970s and 80s: 809 The Case of Project Ethiopia 2488—Rehabilitation of Forest, Grazing and Agricultural Lands Yeraswork Admassie Rainfall variability and crop production in Ethiopia Case study in the 823 Amhara region Woldeamlak Bewket Poverty, Food insecurity and Livelihood strategies in Rural Gedeo: 837 The case of Haroressa and Chichu PAs, SNNP Shumete Gizaw Woldeamanuel The Predicaments of Amhara Migrant-settlers in East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia 851 Tesfaye Tafesse Resettling the Discourse on “ Resettlement Schemes” Towards a new approach 867 Derese Getachew Kassa State Sponsored and Self-initiated Resettlements: Their Impacts on the 881 Ecology of Resettlement Areas (The case of Angar Gutin in Eastern Wallaga). Zelalem Teferra viii Table of contents, vol. 3 Seeds that Do Not Sprout: Ethiopia’s Urban – Rural Links and Their 897 Development Disconnect Getachew Felleke Urban studies Urban Challenges in Addis Ababa. PhD and Master Theses from 917 Department of Urban Design and Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Fine Art, NTNU, Trondheim Bjørn Røe Manipulating Ambiguous Rules: Informal Actors in Urban land Management, 929 a Case Study in Kolfe-Keranio Sub-city, Addis Ababa Yirgalem Mahiteme Between Renting and Owning: Saving and Credit Cooperative based tenure 943 transformation in the inner-city “slums” of