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«Overraskende Romantisk»

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«Overraskende Romantisk» «Overraskende romantisk» En fordypning i kritikkene av Arne Nordheims musikk 1960 – 2011 av Maren Ørstavik Masteroppgave ved Institutt for musikkvitenskap UNIVERSITETET I OSLO Vår 2013 I Copyright Maren Ørstavik 2013 «Overraskende romantisk». En fordypning i kritikkene av Arne Nordheims musikk Maren Ørstavik http://www.duo.uio.no Institutt for musikkvitenskap Humanistisk fakultet Universitetet i Oslo II «Overraskende romantisk» En fordypning i kritikkene av Arne Nordheims musikk Av Maren Ørstavik Masteroppgave ved Institutt for musikkvitenskap Universitetet i Oslo Veileder: Erling E. Guldbrandsen Mai 2013 III Forord Denne oppgaven markerer slutten på mitt masterstudium i musikkvitenskap. Arbeidet har gitt meg mulighet til å gå i dybden på to for meg svært interessante temaer, nemlig Arne Nordheims musikk, og norsk musikkritikk i dagspresse. Jeg er glad og takknemlig for tiden jeg har fått til å jobbe med dette, og for kunnskapen og refleksjonen jeg tar med meg fra arbeidet. Jeg vil gjerne rette en stor takk til min veileder Erling E. Guldbrandsen for hans tålmodighet, faglige dyktighet og konstruktive tilbakemeldinger. Takk også til Oslo filharmoniske orkester for nyttig informasjon om konsertdatoer. Og til sist, men ikke minst, takk til alle som har bidratt med innspill, diskusjon og støtte gjennom hele prosessen. Maren Ørstavik Oslo, april 2013 IV Innholdsfortegnelse Innledning ........................................................................................................................................ 2 1 Musikkritikk og media .......................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Et historisk overblikk .................................................................................................................. 5 1.1.1 1700-tallet: Fra de få til de mange ................................................................................................... 5 1.1.2 1800-tallet: Anmeldelse eller kritikk? ............................................................................................ 7 1.1.3 1900-tallet: Estetiske skiller og forbrukerveiledning .............................................................. 9 1.2 Musikkritikk i Norge .................................................................................................................. 13 1.3 Arne Nordheim og media .......................................................................................................... 20 2 Begreper ................................................................................................................................... 23 2.1 Modernisme .................................................................................................................................. 23 2.2 Noen andre begreper: romantikk, nyvennlighet og nyromantikk ............................. 27 3 Innsamling og metode ......................................................................................................... 29 3.1 Innsamling ..................................................................................................................................... 29 3.2 Metode ............................................................................................................................................. 30 4 Frem til Epitaffio 1965 ......................................................................................................... 33 4.1 Aftonland, Canzona, og den tidlige teatermusikken ....................................................... 34 4.1.1 Høflighet og undring ............................................................................................................................. 34 4.1.2 Konservativ kritikk ............................................................................................................................... 37 4.2 Epitaffio 1965 ............................................................................................................................... 39 4.3 Tilnærminger ................................................................................................................................ 41 4.3.1 Kritikerne .................................................................................................................................................. 41 4.3.2 Verk, komponist eller opplevelse? ................................................................................................. 43 4.4 Synet på Nordheim ...................................................................................................................... 44 4.4.1 Nordheim og «det moderne» ............................................................................................................ 44 4.4.2 Nordheim og det søkende .................................................................................................................. 48 4.4.3 Nordheim som klangkomponist ...................................................................................................... 49 4.5 Oppsummering ............................................................................................................................ 50 5 Frem til Stormen i Oslo 1980 ............................................................................................. 51 5.1 Kriterier og språk ........................................................................................................................ 52 5.1.1 Nye kriterier? ........................................................................................................................................... 52 5.1.2 Nytt språk? ................................................................................................................................................ 55 5.2 Stormen 1980 ............................................................................................................................... 58 5.3 Tilnærminger ................................................................................................................................ 60 5.3.1 Den «objektive» vurderingen ........................................................................................................... 60 5.4 Synet på Nordheim ...................................................................................................................... 62 5.4.1 Den romantiske Nordheim ................................................................................................................ 62 5.4.2 Forsvar og formidling .......................................................................................................................... 63 5.4.3 Paradokset: en etablert avantgardist ............................................................................................ 64 5.5 Oppsummering ............................................................................................................................ 66 6 Frem til Draumkvedet 1994 .............................................................................................. 67 6.1 «Overraskende publikumsvennlig» ...................................................................................... 68 6.2 Teatermusikk eller ren musikk? ............................................................................................ 71 6.3 Draumkvedet 1994 ..................................................................................................................... 73 V 6.4 Synet på Nordheim ...................................................................................................................... 77 6.4.1 Videreføringer: Den romantiske modernist ............................................................................... 77 6.4.2 Tilbakeblikk .............................................................................................................................................. 79 6.4.3 Kunstnergeniet ....................................................................................................................................... 80 6.5 Oppsummering ............................................................................................................................ 83 7 Frem til Epitaffio (CD) 2011 .............................................................................................. 84 7.1 Kritikerne ...................................................................................................................................... 85 7.2 Fiolinkonserten 1997 ................................................................................................................ 86 7.3 Fonos 2005 .................................................................................................................................... 89 7.4 Draumkvedet 2006 ..................................................................................................................... 90 7.5 Epitaffio 2011 ............................................................................................................................... 92 7.6 Synet på Nordheim ...................................................................................................................... 95 7.6.1 Nyinnspillinger og tilbakeblikk ....................................................................................................... 95 7.6.2 Blikk på «det gamle» ............................................................................................................................ 97 7.6.3 Den misforståtte
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