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A Phonological Study of the Basque Dialect of Getxo

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A Phonological Study of the Basque Dialect of Getxo Supplements of Anuario del Seminario de Fi/ologia «Julio de Urquijo», XXIX JOSE IGNACIO HUALDE & XABIER BILBAO A PHONOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE BASQUE DIALECT OF GETXO Gipuzkoako Poru Aldundia Diputacion Poral de Gipuzkoa Donostia San Sebastian 1992 SUPPLEMENTS OF ASjU ASjU-REN GEHIGARRIAK ANEJOS DE ASjU III. MANUEL AGUD - LUIS MICHELENA, N. Landuccio, Dictionarium Linguae Cantabricae (1562), 1958. Out of print. Forthcoming edition in 1992. IV. LUIS MICHELENA, Fonetica hist6rica vas­ ca, 1961, 19772, 1985, 1990. 2.500 pta. (2.000). V. NILS M. HOLMER, El idioma vasco ha­ blado. Un estudio de dialectologfa vasca, 1964, 1991. 2.000 pta. (1.600). VI. LUIS VIllASANTE, Fr. Pedro A. de Anfbarro, Gramdtica vascongada, 1970. 1.000 pta. (800). VII. CANDIDO IZAGUIRRE, El vocabulario vasco de Ardnzazu-Ofiate y zonas colin­ dantes, 1971. Out of print. Forthcom­ ing edition in 1992. VIII. Papers from the Basque Linguistics Semi­ nar. University of Nevada. Summer 1972, 1974. 1.200 pta. (1.000). IX. JULIEN VINSON, Esscii d'une biblio­ graphie de la langue basque. Con las ano­ taciones del ejemplar de julio de Urquijo, 1984. 3.000 pta. (2.500). x. LUIS MICHELENA, Sobre historia de la lengua vasca, 1988. Out of print. XI. LUIS MICHELENA - mON SARASOLA, Textos arcaicos vascos. Contribucion al estu­ dio y ediciOn de textos antiguos vascos, 1989.2.000 pta. 0.500). XII. HUGO SCHUCHARDT, Introduccion a las obras de Leizarraga. Sobre el modo de disponer la reimpresion, en particular sobre las erratas y variantes en el texto de Leiza­ rrqga,1989. 1.000 pta. (800). XIII. MANUEL AGUD - t ANTONIO TOVAR, Diccionario etimologico vasco, I. A -Ardui, 1989. 1.000 pta. (800). XIV. JOSEBA A.lAKARRA (ed.), Memoriae L. Mitxelena magistri sacrum, 1991. 6.000 pta. (5.000). xv. RICARDO GOMEZ-]OSEBA A. LAKARRA (ed.), Euskalaritzaren historiaz I: XVI-XIX. mendeak, 1992. 2.500 pta (2.000). XVI. BENAT OYHAR<;:ABAL, La pastorale souletine: edition critique de "Charlema­ gne», 1990. 2.500 pta. (2.000). I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I A PHONOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE BASQUE DIALECT OF GETXO Supplements of Anuario del Seminario de Filologfa «Julio de Urquijo», XXIX JOSE IGNACIO HUALDE & XABIER BILBAO A PHONOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE BASQUE DIALECT OF GETXO Gipuzkoako Foro Aldundia Diputacion Foral de Gipuzkoa Donostia San Sebastian 1992 © Jose Ignacio Hualde & Xabier Bilbao © .Julio de Urquijo» Euskal Filologi Minregia I.S.B.N.: 84-7907-085-4 Lege Gordailua: Donosria 378/92 IZARBERRI. S.A. - 36. Industri Poligonoa, zig. - 20170 Usurbil TABLE OF CONTENTS O. Introduction................................................................................................. 1 1. Phonemes and allophones.. .............. .......................................... .................. 2 1.1. Sound inventory...................... ................ ............ .................. ........... ....... 2 1.2. Description of phonemes and principal allophones ................................. 3 1.2.1. Stops ................................ :...................................... :.................... 3 1.2.2. Fricatives and affricates ... :............................................................ 3 1.2.3. Nasals .......................................................................................... 7 1.2.4. Laterals........................................................................................ 7 1.2.5. Rhotics........................................................................................ 8 1.2.6. Wouels and Glides ............................................................ ;......... 9 2. Syllable structure.......... ............................................ .............. ..................... 11 2.1. Onsets..................................................................................................... 11 2.2. Nuclei..................................................................................................... 12 2.3. Codas..................................................................................................... 12 3. Word-level restrictions................................ ................................................ 13 3.1. Word-initial consonants ......................................................................... 13 ,3.2. Word-final consonants and consonant clusters ........................................ 13 4. Main phonological processes...................................................................... 14 4.1. Processes affecting consonants in coda ..... ............. ................... .......... ..... 14 4.1.1. Nasal assimilation and neutralization .......................................... 14 4.1.2. Lateral assimilation and neutralization ............. :........................... 15 4.1.3. Neutralization of rhotics .............................................................. 15 4.1.4. Voice assimilation of /s/ ............................................................... 16 4.1. 5. Voice neutralization of stops .......................................... .............. 16 4.1.6. Deletion of preconsonantal stops ........... ,...................................... 17 4.1.7. Fricativization of preconsonantal affricates ................................... 20 4.1.8. Degemination ...................................................................... ,....... 21 4.2. Other consonantal processes.................................................................... 21 4.2.1. Devoicing of stops ....................................................................... 21 4.2.2. Palatalization .............................................................................. :. 22 4.2.3. Spirantization .............................................................................. 26 4.3. Processes affecting vowels ....................................................................... 28 4.3.1. Low vowel assimilation ................................................................ 28 4.3.2. Shortening of long vowels............................................................ 29 4.3.3. Postvocalic glide formation.......................................................... 29 4.3.4. Prevocalic glide formation ........................................................... 31 VIII JOs~ IGNACIO HUALDE & XABIER BILBAO 5. Syllabification............................................................................................... 35 6. Stress assignment ................................................................ ,........................ 39 6.1. Basic accentual facts.. ................... .............. ..... ............. .......... .... ............. 39 6.2. The Compound Rule .............................................................................. 41 6.3. Stress retraction with vowel-final bases................................................... 41 6.4. Prepreaccentuation..... ...... .......... .................... ............................... ......... 42 6.5. Deaccentuation....................................................................................... 42 6.6. Stress clash resolution ..... ........ ................ ................................................ 43 6.7. Phonetic correlates of stress ......... ....... .................................................... 43 7. Restricted morphophonological processes......... ....... ...... .............. ............ 47 7.1. Number marker deletion and its morphological consequences................ 47 7.2. Processes affecting the negative particle........................ ............ .............. 50 7.3. Delegation processes in verbal groups..................................................... 51 7.4. Postnasal voicing .................................................................................... 53 7.5. Bound stem formation rules.......................................................... .......... 54 8. Elements of morphology........... ................................................................... 55 8.1. Nominal inflection ................................................................................. 55 8.1.1. N onlocative inflectional suffixes.. ................................................ 55 8.1.2. Locative cases............................................................................... 61 8.2. Verbal inflection........... .... .............. .. ... ... .. ....... ....... ................... ..... ..... 65 8.2.1. Nonfinite forms....... .................... ........................ ......... ....... ........ 65 8.2.2. Finite forms................................................................................. 67 8.3. Derivation .............................................................................................. 71 8.3.1. Noun-forming suffixes................................................................. 71 8.3.2. Adjective-forming suffixes........................................................... 74 8.3.3. Verb-forming suffixes.................................................................. 75 8.3.4. Adverb-forming suffixes .............................................................. 76 .8.3.5. Prefixation................................................................................... 77 8.4. Compounding .......................................... ;.......... ;................................... 78 8.4.1. Compound nouns ............................... ;.......................................
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