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Mold Making for Glass Art
Mold Making for Glass Art a tutorial by Dan Jenkins When Dan Jenkins retired he did not originally intend to make tools and molds for glass artists. However, his wife and friends who work in fused glass were constantly calling on the skills he developed during 30 years as a marine engineer in the Canada Navy to produce items that were needed but unavailable. He began his career on steam driven ships for which it was impossible to get parts. The engineers had to fabricate their own parts out of whatever was available to them. Dan has drawn on his knowledge of woodworking, metalworking, design, engineering and making something out of nothing. He discovered that he enjoys the challenge of designing new tools that are practical economical, and easy to use. Dan has always enjoyed teaching and spent much of his time in the navy as an instructor both at sea and onshore. Dan currently lives in Victoria B.C. with his wife, two cats, and 3 dogs. Mold Making For Glass Art by Dan Jenkins Choosing a Prototype The first projects you wish to tackle should be fairly simple because failure the first few times is Making molds for your own use or for not only possible it is probably inevitable. The reproduction is fairly easy to do and very first objects I tried to cast were self-produced satisfying. Making your own molds frees you wood blocks in the form of squares and from relying on molds made by others and triangles, simple shapes which should have allows you to tailor your mold for your own taste. -
Fabrication of Ceramic Moulds Using Recycled Shell Powder and Sand with Geopolymer Technology in Investment Casting
applied sciences Article Fabrication of Ceramic Moulds Using Recycled Shell Powder and Sand with Geopolymer Technology in Investment Casting Wei-Hao Lee, Yi-Fong Wu, Yung-Chin Ding and Ta-Wui Cheng * Institute of Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan; [email protected] (W.-H.L.); [email protected] (Y.-F.W.); [email protected] (Y.-C.D.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 1 June 2020; Accepted: 29 June 2020; Published: 1 July 2020 Abstract: Lost-wax casting, also called precision casting, is the process of casting a duplicate metal sculpture cast an original sculpture. The ceramic shell mould used in lost-wax casting usually consists of several layers formed with fine zircon and granular mullite particles using silica gel as a binder. However, it is a complicated and time-consuming process. Large amounts of waste moulds that need to be disposed and recycled become an environmental concern. In this study, waste shell sand from the recycled mould and calcium carbonate/metakaolin were used as raw materials to prepare geopolymer slurry and coating. The influence of mixing ratio and the SiO2/K2O modulus of the alkali solution on the setting time and green/fired strength were evaluated. Ceramic shells with one to four layers of geopolymer slurry and waste sand sprinkling were fabricated and tested for their permeability and green/fired strength. It was found that geopolymer shells had higher green/fired strength and better permeability than the original zircon/mullite shell. For foundry practice, metal casts were fabricated using recycled ceramic shell moulds with one to four layers of geopolymer coating. -
DROSS in DUCTILE IRON by Hans Roedter, Sorelmetal Technical Services
98 DROSS IN DUCTILE IRON by Hans Roedter, Sorelmetal Technical Services WHAT IS “DROSS ”? magnesium with other elements. Dross also Dross is a reaction product which is formed from occurs in the form of long stringers instead of Mg treatment and during subsequent reoxidation concentrated “slag like” areas. When it occurs in of Mg rejected from the molten metal before it this string like form it acts like cracks or flake solidifies. It is therefore just another word for a graphite in the structure and so fatigue strength specific type of slag (reaction product). and impact strength of the material are lowered considerably. The reaction binds magnesium with sulphur, oxygen and silicon and forms continuously. This “dross” is light weight and so it will generally be found in the upper surfaces and under cores, but it can be entrained throughout the metal as well, especially with colder pouring tempera - tures. It is very difficult to completely avoid the reaction of magnesium with these other elements, since we need magnesium to form nodules. We are always confronted with the problem of dross in the production of Ductile Iron. WHAT IS PROMOTING “DROSS ” AND WHAT CAN BE DONE TO KEEP THE “DROSS ” OUT OF THE CASTING ? Since “dross” is always connected with magnesium, it is necessary to keep the magnesium level as low as possible. Good inoculation practice with some late inoculation in conjunction with sufficient magnesium will When looking at “dross” in the microscope you produce nice round small nodules. See will almost always find flake graphite in Suggestion Sheet 76. -
Extrusion Blow Molding ___Fiberg
Woman Owned Small Busines • ITAR Certified 710 South Patrick Drive • Satellite Beach, Florida 32937 321.536.2611 • [email protected] • www.rapidps.com ABS • POLYCARBONATE • POLYPHENYLSULFONE • ULTEM ADVANCED APPLICATIONS _____________________________ RTV MOLDS __________________________ Parts produced can be used in lots of different manufacturing applications. Parts built using RPS provide the fast, accurate and af- Parts can be painted, electroplated and drilled. They can also be used in ad- fordable patterns that drive RTV molding. By replacing vanced applications such as investment castings, RTV molding and sand cast- machined patterns, the entire process can be com- ing. Each application includes the benefits to using an RPS part with detailed pleted in 2-3 days. And unlike machining, complex instructions. and intricate shapes have no effect on the time or cost for the RPS pattern. ELECTROPLATING ____________________ Electroplating deposits a thin layer of metal on the RTV MOLDING SOLUBLE CORE _________ surface of a part built. This improves the part’s me- Complex geometries normally requiring core removal chanical properties and gives the appearance of pro- such as curved hoses, water tanks, bottles, and arterial duction metal or plated parts and provides a hard, structures are good examples where it may be helpful wear-resistant surface with reflective properties. to use this alternative method. Instead of building the core in thermoplastic material (traditional RPS build EXTRUSION BLOW MOLDING __________ process) the mold is built in the Water Soluble sup- Polycarbonate RPS molds are used in the blow port material making it easy to dissolve away the mate- molding process, reducing lead time and expense. -
St Luke's Farnworth BELL CASTING
St Luke’s Farnworth BELL CASTING by Geoffrey Poole In the earliest days they were cast in different sizes to produce different notes but no attempt was made to tune bells until the 16th Century with the advent of change ringing. In those times bells were roughly tuned – where the inside of the bell or the edge of the lip was chipped away with a hammer and chisel – eight bells could be tuned to an octave of eight notes. Some deprived communities used a hagiosideron, a shaped piece of metal which was struck in a similar way to a bell. Also again due to lack of money bellcotes were used instead of costly towers. A bell-cot, bell-cote or bellcote is a small framework and shelter for one or more bells. Bellcotes are most common in church architecture but are also seen on institutions such as schools. The bellcote may be carried on brackets projecting from a wall or built on the roof of chapels or churches that have no towers. The bellcote often holds the Sanctus bell that is rung at the consecration of the Eucharist. Bellcote is a compound noun of the words bell and cot or cote. Bell is self-explanatory. The word cot or cote is Old English, from the Germanic. It means a shelter of some kind, especially for birds or animals (see dovecote), a shed, or stall. Examples of bellcotes In order St Luke’s Farnworth Bell-cot at St Edmund's Church, Church Road, Wootton, Isle of Wight, England Church of England parish church of St Alban the Martyr, CharlesStreet, Oxford. -
6 Simple Steps to Becoming a Lost Wax Casting Pro,The Evolution Of
6 Simple Steps to Becoming a Lost Wax Casting Pro Lost wax casting blends old and new in truly remarkable fashion. Our industry is constantly changing, adapting ancient techniques to modern technology. So, we’ve asked our experts to walk us through lost wax casting: STEP 1 – PATTERN Wax patterns are made by one of the following ways: carving, build-up, hand forming, or mold reproduction. STEP 2 – SPRUING OR SETTING UP Spruing is the leading cause of shrinkage porosity, or the pits you see during polishing. Fix this by ensuring the following: • The sprue should be thicker than the heaviest part of the pattern. • It should also be attached to the heaviest part of the pattern as well. • The sprue should be no longer than is absolutely necessary. These are much more effective than looking for that optimum (magical) cast temp. STEP 3 – INVESTING Investing is more chemistry than craft. Measure your powder and water and follow your supplier’s instructions for mixing, curing, and burnout. Keep this in mind: your casting surface is only as good as your wax and investing procedures. • Weigh investment material and measure water according to manufacturer’s recommendation. • Fill flask containing wax pattern and either vacuum or vibrate to remove air from the slurry. • Allow invested mold to air-dry for two hours or more before starting the burnout. STEP 4 – BURNOUT • Place invested flask in furnace preheated to 300ºF. Hold at this temperature for one hour or until the wax has drained. • Raise temperature at the rate of 300º/400ºF per hour until temperature of 1350ºF is reached. -
Boilermaking Manual. INSTITUTION British Columbia Dept
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 246 301 CE 039 364 TITLE Boilermaking Manual. INSTITUTION British Columbia Dept. of Education, Victoria. REPORT NO ISBN-0-7718-8254-8. PUB DATE [82] NOTE 381p.; Developed in cooperation with the 1pprenticeship Training Programs Branch, Ministry of Labour. Photographs may not reproduce well. AVAILABLE FROMPublication Services Branch, Ministry of Education, 878 Viewfield Road, Victoria, BC V9A 4V1 ($10.00). PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use - Materials (For Learner) (OW EARS PRICE MFOI Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EARS. DESCRIPTORS Apprenticeships; Blue Collar Occupations; Blueprints; *Construction (Process); Construction Materials; Drafting; Foreign Countries; Hand Tools; Industrial Personnel; *Industrial Training; Inplant Programs; Machine Tools; Mathematical Applications; *Mechanical Skills; Metal Industry; Metals; Metal Working; *On the Job Training; Postsecondary Education; Power Technology; Quality Control; Safety; *Sheet Metal Work; Skilled Occupations; Skilled Workers; Trade and Industrial Education; Trainees; Welding IDENTIFIERS *Boilermakers; *Boilers; British Columbia ABSTRACT This manual is intended (I) to provide an information resource to supplement the formal training program for boilermaker apprentices; (2) to assist the journeyworker to build on present knowledge to increase expertise and qualify for formal accreditation in the boilermaking trade; and (3) to serve as an on-the-job reference with sound, up-to-date guidelines for all aspects of the trade. The manual is organized into 13 chapters that cover the following topics: safety; boilermaker tools; mathematics; material, blueprint reading and sketching; layout; boilershop fabrication; rigging and erection; welding; quality control and inspection; boilers; dust collection systems; tanks and stacks; and hydro-electric power development. Each chapter contains an introduction and information about the topic, illustrated with charts, line drawings, and photographs. -
MSL Engineering Limited Platinum Blue House 1St Floor, 18 the Avenue Egham, Surrey, TW20 9AB
SMR Final Report 121404 Purpose of Issue Rev Date of Issue Author Agreed Approved Issued for information 0 Aug 2004 SM Issued for internal comment 1 November 2004 AFD DJM JB Issued as Final Report 2 December 2004 AFD DJM JB This Final report has been reviewed and approved by the Mineral Management Service. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Service, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This study was funded by the Mineral Management Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C., under Contract Number 1435-01-04-CT-35320 ASSESSMENT OF REPAIR TECHNIQUES FOR AGEING OR DAMAGED STRUCTURES Project #502 DOC REF C357R001 Rev 1 NOV 2004 MSL Engineering Limited Platinum Blue House 1st Floor, 18 The Avenue Egham, Surrey, TW20 9AB Tel: +44 (0)1784 439194 Fax: +44 (0)1784 439198 E-mail: [email protected] C357R001Rev 2, December 2004 MMS Project #502 NUMBER DETAILS OF REVISION 0 Issued for information, August 2004 1 Issued for comment, November 2004. Extensive revisions throughout, including restructuring of report. 2 Issued as Final Report, December 2004. Conversion table added, Figure showing clamp details to avoid added, and general editorial revisions. C357R001Rev 2, December 2004 MMS Project #502 Assessment of Repair Techniques for Ageing or Damaged Structures By Dr. Adrian F Dier MSL Services Corporation Final Project Report: ASSESSMENT OF REPAIR TECHNIQUES FOR AGEING OR DAMAGED STRUCTURES MMS Project Number 502 November 2004 C357R001Rev 2, December 2004 i This Final report has been reviewed a nd approved by the Mineral Management Service. -
Metal Casting Terms and Definitions
Metal Casting Terms and Definitions Table of Contents A .................................................................................................................................................................... 2 B .................................................................................................................................................................... 2 C .................................................................................................................................................................... 2 D .................................................................................................................................................................... 4 E .................................................................................................................................................................... 5 F ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 G .................................................................................................................................................................... 5 H .................................................................................................................................................................... 6 I .................................................................................................................................................................... -
Morphing Loops
SPRING SM 2014 The Loop THE JOURNAL OF FLY CASTING PROFESSIONALS MORPHING LOOPS “All loops morph throughout the cast, from when the loop first begins to bud until it turns over and straightens. Mac Brown - Page 12 Cover Photo: Leslie Holmes, Cross-Body Cast Photo: Gardiner Mitchell THE LOOP - SPRING 2014 SM Policy Making - And Making Your Voice Heard IN THIS ISSUE The heart of the IFFF Casting Instructors’ Certification are creating policy for. A list of the committees and Program (CICP) is its committee members - those committee descriptions can be found at: Letter To The who create the framework for policies which affect http://www.fedflyfishers.org/Casting/ Editors P. 3 all certified instructors. Ultimately, the Casting HistoryGovernance/CastingCommittees.aspx Board of Governors signs off on policy (by way of From Don Simonson with the 2014 CBOG Awards review and vote for implementation), but committee From CI to MCI P. 5 committee: members create the ideas, which then mature through committee discussion. The Casting Board of Governors (CBOG) would like The Trouble you to submit nominations for the 2014 CBOG Awards With Skagit P. 8 When new casting policy is announced, often the by March 25. announcement does not include a justification for the • Lifetime Achievement in Fly Casting Instruction Loop Morphing new policy, no history, no discussion about why the P.11 • Mel Krieger Fly Casting Instructor policy is needed. And we instructors are sometimes • Governor’s Mentoring and the Governor’s Pin. left wondering why this policy came about. The Flyfishing editorial staff at The Loop feels that this journal can Redfish P.16 To learn more about the criteria for the awards provide a much needed look at the policies which and the nomination process go to the FFF Website affect everyone in the casting instruction program. -
Manufacturing Technology I Unit I Metal Casting
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY I UNIT I METAL CASTING PROCESSES Sand casting – Sand moulds - Type of patterns – Pattern materials – Pattern allowances – Types of Moulding sand – Properties – Core making – Methods of Sand testing – Moulding machines – Types of moulding machines - Melting furnaces – Working principle of Special casting processes – Shell – investment casting – Ceramic mould – Lost Wax process – Pressure die casting – Centrifugal casting – CO2 process – Sand Casting defects. UNIT II JOINING PROCESSES Fusion welding processes – Types of Gas welding – Equipments used – Flame characteristics – Filler and Flux materials - Arc welding equipments - Electrodes – Coating and specifications – Principles of Resistance welding – Spot/butt – Seam – Projection welding – Percusion welding – GS metal arc welding – Flux cored – Submerged arc welding – Electro slag welding – TIG welding – Principle and application of special welding processes – Plasma arc welding – Thermit welding – Electron beam welding – Friction welding – Diffusion welding – Weld defects – Brazing – Soldering process – Methods and process capabilities – Filler materials and fluxes – Types of Adhesive bonding. UNIT III BULK DEFORMATION PROCESSES Hot working and cold working of metals – Forging processes – Open impression and closed die forging – Characteristics of the process – Types of Forging Machines – Typical forging operations – Rolling of metals – Types of Rolling mills – Flat strip rolling – Shape rolling operations – Defects in rolled parts – Principle of rod and wire drawing – Tube drawing – Principles of Extrusion – Types of Extrusion – Hot and Cold extrusion – Equipments used. UNIT IV SHEET METAL PROCESSES Sheet metal characteristics – Typical shearing operations – Bending – Drawing operations – Stretch forming operations –– Formability of sheet metal – Test methods – Working principle and application of special forming processes – Hydro forming – Rubber pad forming – Metal spinning – Introduction to Explosive forming – Magnetic pulse forming – Peen forming – Super plastic forming. -
Rolls for the Food Industry SIWACO Gmbh a Member of the Irle Group
ROLLS FOR THE FOOD INDUSTRY SIWACO GMBH A MEMBER OF THE IRLE GROUP We are specialised in wear resistant rolls and finished castings. Our technical expertise combined with the power of the IRLE GROUP offers cast rolls and products as well as reliable roll-services with an attractive price-performance ratio and short delivery times. Essential parts of our business are wear resistant rolls and finished castings as well as an optimal treatment of rolls, considering the specific requirements of every application. Our rolls are manufactured according to the utmost modern metallurgy MORE THAN 300 and technical treatment standards and by experienced and qualified ex- YEARS OF FOUNDRY perts by WALZEN IRLE in Germany and by its subcompany IRLE KAY JAY ROLLS in India. In 2007 a joint-venture was established with the Indian EXPERTISE, Company Kay Jay Rolls Pvt. Ltd., Panchkula, India. Both parties agreed 200 YEARS OF ROLL to build and operate an iron foundry near Chandigarh. For this „IRLE KAY CASTING JAY ROLLS Pvt. Ltd.“ has been founded to produce rolls for the food in- dustry and stretch reducing rolls for the tube and wire industry. 3 SIWACO ROLLS ARE PRODUCED FOR ROLLS FOR THE THE PROCESSING OF • cereals, FOOD INDUSTRY • cotton seed • cocoa beans, • coffee beans, The production of food using rolls for such processes as squeezing, milling, grating, breaking, refi- • oilseeds such as ning or flaking put special demands on the type of rolls used. • soybeans, • rape-oil seeds & canola, The performance and quality of the rolls determine the quality of the products to be produ- • sunflower seeds, ced and the economic efficiency of the production.