World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016
6WLPXODWLRQRI6WHYLRVLGH$FFXPXODWLRQRQStevia rebaudiana %HUWRQL 6KRRW&XOWXUH,QGXFHGZLWK 5HG/('/LJKWLQ7,65,7$%LRUHDFWRU6\VWHP 9LQFHQW$OH[DQGHU5L]NLWD(V\DQWL
VWHYLDZKLFKPDLQO\FRPSULVHGRIVWHYLRVLGHDQGUHEDXGLRVLGH Abstract²/HDYHVRIStevia rebaudianaFRQWDLQVWHYLROJO\FRVLGH $ %RWK FRPSRXQGV DUH DSSURYHG E\ )$2 DQG %3320 RI ZKLFKPDLQO\FRPSULVHRIVWHYLRVLGHDQDWXUDOVZHHWHQHUFRPSRXQG ,QGRQHVLDWRVXEVWLWXWHVXJDUVZHHWHQHULQIRRGDQGEHYHUDJH WKDW LV WLPHV VZHHWHU WKDQ VXFURVH &XUUHQW FXOWLYDWLRQ SURGXFWV WKXV PDNLQJ LW VDIH IRU SHRSOH ZLWK GLDEHWLF LVVXH PHWKRG RI Stevia rebaudiana LQ ,QGRQHVLD KDV \HW WR UHDFK LWV >@ RSWLPXPHIILFLHQF\DQGSURGXFWLYLW\WRSURGXFHVWHYLRVLGHDVDVDIH VXJDU VXEVWLWXWH VZHHWHQHU IRU SHRSOH ZLWK GLDEHWHV $Q DOWHUQDWLYH Stevia rebaudiana LV FRPPRQO\ FXOWLYDWHG XVLQJ in vivo PHWKRG WKDW LV QRW OLPLWHG E\ HQYLURQPHQWDO IDFWRU LV in vitro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in vitro VKRRW FXOWXUH PHWKRG UHG/('OLJKWLQGXFWLRQLHȝJJDQG ȝJJ XVLQJELRUHDFWRUDVDQDXWRPDWHGV\VWHP UHVSHFWLYHO\ %LRPDVV JURZWK UDWH UHDFKHG DV KLJK DV In vitroVKRRWFXOWXUHRIStevia rebaudianaKDVEHHQ GD\IRUUHG/('OLJKWLQGXFHG7,65,7$ ELRUHDFWRUV\VWHP VXFFHVVIXOO\ DSSOLHG E\ VHYHUDO UHVHDUFKHUV XVLQJ 0XUDVKLJH ZKHUHDV 7,6 5,7$ ELRUHDFWRU V\VWHP ZLWKRXW LQGXFWLRQ ZDV RQO\ GD\3URGXFWLYLW\RIStevia rebaudiana VKRRWVLQGXFHG DQG6NRRJ 06 LQDVHPLVROLGPHGLXP> @>@([WHQVLYH ZLWKUHG/('OLJKWZDVJ/PHGLXPGD\ZKLOVWVKRRWVZLWKRXW UHVHDUFKRQVKRRWPXOWLSOLFDWLRQE\in vitroPHWKRGKDVEHHQ DQ\ LQGXFWLRQ ZDV J/ PHGLXPGD\ 6XFURVH VDOW DQG GRQHSUHYLRXVO\RQHRIWKHUHVHDUFKIRFXVHVRQDXWRPDWL]DWLRQ LQRUJDQLFFRQVXPSWLRQLQERWKELRUHDFWRUPHGLDLQFUHDVHGDVELRPDVV XVLQJ7,6ELRUHDFWRUZKLFKDOORZVWKHFXOWXUHWREHLPPHUVHG LQFUHDVHG ,W FDQ EH FRQFOXGHG WKDW Stevia rebaudiana VKRRW LQ 7,6 LQ D VSHFLILF WLPH LQWHUYDO (PSOR\LQJ 7,6 ELRUHDFWRU LV 5,7$ ELRUHDFWRULQGXFHGZLWKUHG/('OLJKWSURGXFHVELRPDVVDQG UHSRUWHGWRSUHYHQWK\SHUKLGULFLW\RQWKHFXOWXUHLQFUHDVHVWKH DFFXPXODWHV KLJKHU VWHYLRVLGH FRQFHQWUDWLRQ LQ FRPSDULVRQ WR ELRUHDFWRUZLWKRXWDQ\OLJKWLQGXFWLRQ HIIHFWLYHQHVVRIVKRRWSUROLIHUDWLRQE\RSWLPL]LQJPHGLXPDQG UHDFWRUYROXPH LQXVH >@DQG \LHOGV D EHWWHU PDVV WUDQVIHU Keywords²/('Stevia rebaudiana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tevia rebaudiana%HUWRQL LVDQ SURSDJDWHG E\ in vitro VKRRW FXOWXUH &RUUHVSRQGLQJO\ WKLV $VWHUDFHDH IDPLO\ SODQW IURP WKH KLJK JURXQGV RI 6RXWKHUQ International Science Index, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016 waset.org/Publication/10005871 UHVHDUFK DLPV WR HYDOXDWH WKH UHVSRQVH RI UHG /(' OLJKW $PHULFD ZLWK SDUWLFXODU FRQWHQWV RI QDWXUDO VZHHWHQHU LQ LWV VWLPXODWLRQ RQ VKRRWV RI VWHYLD FXOWXUHG LQ 5,7$ELRUHDFWRU OHDYHV ZKLFK LV HVWLPDWHG WR EH WLPHV VZHHWHU WKDQ V\VWHPWRZDUGVLWVVWHYLRVLGHDFFXPXODWLRQELRPDVVFKDQJHV VXFURVH ZLWK YLUWXDOO\ ]HUR FDORULHV >@ 7KH FRPSRXQG JURZWKUDWHDQGQXWULWLRQUDWHRILQWDNHE\ELRPDVVRIStevia UHVSRQVLEOH LV D GLWHUSHQH JO\FRVLGH VHFRQGDU\ PHWDEROLWH RI rebaudiana GXULQJSHULRGRIFXOWLYDWLRQ 9LQFHQW $OH[DQGHU LV VWXGHQW LQ %LRORJLFDO (QJLQHHULQJ 0DMRU %DQGXQJ ,QVWLWXWH RI 7HFKQRORJ\ %DQGXQJ ,QGRQHVLD HPDLO YLQFHDOH[DQGHUU#VWXGHQWVLWEDFLG 5L]NLWD (V\DQWL LV OHFWXUHU LQ 6FKRRO RI /LIH 6FLHQFH DQG 7HFKQRORJ\ )DFXOW\ %DQGXQJ ,QVWLWXWH RI 7HFKQRORJ\ %DQGXQJ ,QGRQHVLD &RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRUSKRQH HPDLO UL]NLWD#VLWKLWEDFLG
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(12) 2016 803 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10005871 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016
,,0$7(5,$/6$1'0(7+2'6 WHPSHUDWXUHSKRWRSHULRGRIKDQGOLJKWLQWHQVLW\RI OX[IRUERWKIOXRUHVFHQWDQG/('OLJKW A. Preparation of Medium Culture 0HGLXP ZDV SUHSDUHG IRU LQLWLDWLRQ FXOWXUH VXEFXOWXUH E. Shoot and Medium Analysis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tevioside Content Analysis ELRUHDFWRUPHGLXPFRPSRVHGRIJ/06J/VXFURVH 6WHYLRVLGH FRQWHQW ZDV DQDO\]HG XVLQJ KLJK SHUIRUPDQFH DQGSSP.LQHWLQ>@7KHS+RIDOOPHGLXPZDVDGMXVWHGWR OLTXLG FKURPDWRJUDSK\ +3/& >@ $ PJ GU\ VWHYLD WKHQ VWHULOL]HG XVLQJ DXWRFODYH DW & IRU ELRPDVVZDVJULQGHGLQWRSRZGHUEHIRUHH[WUDFWHGZLWKP/ PLQXWHV 6WHULOH PHGLXPV ZHUH WKHQ VXSSOHPHQWHG ZLWK RIHWKDQROVROXWLRQLQZDWHUEDWKFRQGLWLRQRI&IRU SSPRI$XJPHQWLQ PLQXWHV >@ ([WUDFWV ZHUH ILOWUDWHG DQG GULHG WKRURXJKO\ B. Shoot Culture Initiation and Subculture 'ULHG H[WUDFWV ZHUH GLVVROYHG ZLWK P/ RI DFHWRQLWULOH Stevia rebaudianaXVHGLQWKLVUHVHDUFKZDVREWDLQHGIURP 6DPSOHZDVWKHQDQDO\]HGXVLQJ&FROXPQ+3/&ZLWK 5HVHDUFK &HQWHU RI 7HD DQG 4XLQLQH *DPEXQJ :HVW -DYD DFHWRQLWULOH HOXHQW 89 GHWHFWRU ZDV QP DQG UDWH RI ,QGRQHVLD
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(12) 2016 804 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10005871 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016
IUHVKOHDYHVDQGVWHPVDQGPRUHOHDYHVLQFRPSDULVRQZLWK VWHYLD VKRRWV ZHUH SURGXFHG ZLWK SSP .LQHWLQ LQVWHDG RI SSP.LQHWLQPHGLXP\LHOGHG OHDYHVLQWKHFRXUVH SSPSSPRUSSP.LQHWLQ>@7KHUHIRUHPHGLXP RIGD\VRIFXOWLYDWLRQ2WKHUUHVHDUFKLQGLFDWHGWKDWWKHEHVW ZLWKSSP.LQHWLQZDVXVHGIRUIXUWKHUH[SHULPHQW
D E F G H )LJStevia rebaudianaVKRRWVLQYDULRXVLQLWLDWLRQPHGLXP D SSP.LQHWLQ E SSP.LQHWLQ F SSP%$3 G SSP%$3 H SSP%$3 7$%/(, V\VWHPKDGDKLJKHUELRPDVVJURZWKUDWHDQGORZHUGRXEOLQJ 180%(52)6+2276$1'/($9(62)STEVIA REBAUDIANA,1$9$5,(7<2) WLPHWKDQ5,7$ELRUHDFWRUV\VWHP ,1,7,$7,210(',806 Ȉ)LQDO Ȉ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tevia rebaudiana VKRRWV LQ WKLQ OD\HU &XOWLYDWLRQUHVXOWLQ)LJVKRZHGDSDUWO\UHGGLVKSXUSOH PHGLXP ZHUH XVHG WR FXOWLYDWH LQ 5,7$ ELRUHDFWRU IRU FRORULQOHDYHVDQGVWHPVRIStevia rebaudiana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rabidopsis thalianaDQGFLQHUDULDin >@7KHSURFHVVLWVHOIUHTXLUHVQXWULWLRQIURPOLTXLGPHGLXP
International Science Index, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016 waset.org/Publication/10005871 vitro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
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(12) 2016 805 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10005871 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016
7$%/(,, 0$666802)6+2276*52:7+5$7('28%/,1*7,0($1'352'8&7,9,7<&+$1*(62)STEVIA REBAUDIANA6+22767+528*+287&8/7,9$7,213(5,2',1 5,7$%,25($&7256<67(06 ,QLWLDO'U\ ,QLWLDO6XP )LQDO'U\ )LQDO6XP *URZWK5DWH 3URGXFWLYLW\ Jā/PHGLXP ā 'RXEOLQJ7LPH GD\V :HLJKW J 6' RI6KRRWV :HLJKW J 6' RI6KRRWV GD\V GD\V 5,7$ 5,7$
D E F )LJStevia rebaudiana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
)LJ&KDQJHVRIVXFURVHFRQWHQWLQ5,7$ELRUHDFWRUPHGLD 6XFURVHLVWKHFDUERQVRXUFHXWLOL]HGE\FHOOVWRUHVSLUHDQG International Science Index, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016 waset.org/Publication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
International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(12) 2016 806 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10005871 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No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
&+21+122&+21+2 &2 ,QLWLDOPROH PRO )LJ6WHYLRVLGHFRQWHQWRIStevia rebaudianaLQ5,7$ELRUHDFWRU 5HDFWLQJ PROH PRO V\VWHPV 5HPDLQLQJ PROH PRO ,9&21&/86,21 5HPDLQLQJ PDVV J Stevia rebaudiana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tevia FDSDEOHRILQFUHDVLQJELRPDVVDQGVWLPXODWLQJVWHYLRVLGHWRD rebaudianaVKRRWVWKDWVHUYHVDVWKHIXQGDPHQWDOUHDFWLRQRI KLJKHU YDOXH FRPSDUHG WR 5,7$ ELRUHDFWRU V\VWHP ZLWKRXW PDVVEDODQFHZDVRULJLQDWHGIURPin vitroAtropa belladonna UHG/('OLJKWWUHDWPHQW KDLU\URRWELRPDVV3UHVXPDEO\WKHELRPDVVIRUPXODGLGQRW UHSUHVHQW WKH VWHYLD VKRRWELRPDVV &HOOV RI GLIIHUHQW VSHFLHV $&.12:/('*0(17 WHQGWRKDYHDGLIIHUHQWFRQVXPSWLRQSDWWHUQRIQXWULWLRQDQG :HZRXOGOLNHWRDFNQRZOHGJHWKH5HVHDUFK&HQWHURI7HD ELRPDVV IRUPDWLRQ KHQFH LW IRUPV D GLVWLQFWLYH ELRPDVV DQG4XLQLQH*DPEXQJIRUSURYLGLQJStevia rebaudianaSODQW IRUPXODWKDWYDU\DPRQJGLIIHUHQWW\SHVRIFHOOV6HFRQGO\LV IRUWKLVUHVHDUFK WKHDEVHQFHRIVXEVWUDWHOLPLWLQJDJHQWNQRZQLQWKLVUHVHDUFK 7KH SUHVHQFH RI D OLPLWLQJ DJHQW ZLOO DIIHFW WKH ELRPDVV 5()(5(1&(6 JURZWKUDWHLQ5,7$ELRUHDFWRUV\VWHP >@ '(6HQWRFKQLNDQG*0(OLRSRXOHV³,QIHFWLRQDQGGLDEHWHV´Joslins 6WHYLRVLGH DFFXPXODWLRQ LQ VKRRW in vitro FXOWXUH ZDV Diabetes MellitusYROSS DQDO\]HG WKURXJK +3/& )LJ LOOXVWUDWHG WKH VWHYLRVLGH >@ ' 0RXVXPL ³&ORQDO SURSDJDWLRQ DQG DQWLPLFURELDO DFWLYLW\ RI DQ FRQWHQW LQ 5,7$ ELRUHDFWRU V\VWHP WUHDWHG DV FRQWURO HQGHPLFPHGLFLQDOSODQWStevia rebaudiana´. J. Med. Plant. Res.YRO SS ZLWKRXWWKHSUHVHQFHRIUHG/('OLJKWLQGXFWLRQGXULQJQLJKW >@ 09&KDODSDWKLDQG67KLPPHJRZGD³1DWXUDOQRQFDORULHVZHHWHQHU WLPHFRQWDLQHG JJZKLOHVWHYLRVLGHFRQWHQWLQ VWHYLD Stevia rebaudiana %HUWRQL D IXWXUH FURS RI ,QGLD´ Crop. Res. 5,7$ ELRUHDFWRU V\VWHP WUHDWHG ZLWK UHG /(' OLJKW HisarYROSS >@ - ( %UDQGOH $ 1 6WDUUDWW DQG 0 *LM]HQ ³Stevia rebaudiana LWV LQGXFWLRQIRUKRXUGXULQJWKHQLJKWWLPHZDVJJ DJULFXOWXUDOELRORJLFDODQGFKHPLFDOSURSHUWLHV´Can. J. Plant Sci.YRO
International Science Index, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016 waset.org/Publication/10005871 URXJKO\ PRUH WKDQ FRQWURO 5HSRUWV LQ UHIHUHQFH SS >@ FRQGXFWHG D VLPLODU FRQGLWLRQ RI ex vivo H[SHULPHQW >@ 'MDMDGL³3HQJHPEDQJDQWDQDPDQSHPDQLVSteviarebaudiana %HUWRQL UHYHDOHG WKDW UHG OLJKW LUUDGLDWLRQ GXULQJ QLJKW SKRWRSHULRG GL,QGRQHVLD´PerspektifYROSS >@ < 0L\D]DNL DQG + :DWDQDEH ³6WXGLHV RQ WKH FXOWLYDWLRQ RI Stevia LQFUHDVHGVWHYLRVLGHDFFXPXODWLRQLQHDFKSODQWXSWRLQ rebaudiana%HUWRQL´J. Trop. Agric.YROSS FRPSDULVRQ ZLWK SODQWV ZLWKRXW UHG OLJKW LQGXFWLRQ >@ 61DNDPXUDDQG<7DPXUD³9DULDWLRQLQWKHPDLQJO\FRVLGHVRIVWHYLD DGGLWLRQDOO\ DV PXFK DV PRUH VWHYLRVLGH DFFXPXODWLRQ Stevia rebaudiana %HUWRQL ´ Jpn. J. Trop. Agric. YRO SS SHUGU\ZHLJKWEDVLVWKDQLQFRQWUROSODQWVZDVREVHUYHG>@ >@ 81$$5D]DN&%2QJ76 International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(12) 2016 807 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10005871 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016 > @ 0 $QED]KDJDQ 0 .DOSDQD 5 5DMHQGUDQ 9 1DWDUDMDQ DQG ' 'KDQDYHO³In vitroSURGXFWLRQRIStevia rebaudiana%HUWRQL´Emirates J. Food Agric.YRO SS >@ 6 'HVKPXNK DQG 5 $GH In vitro rapid multiplication of Stevia rebaudiana: an important natural sweetener herb $PUDYDWL ,QGLD 'HSDUWPHQW RI %LRWHFKQRORJ\ 6DQW *DGJH %DED $PUDYDWL 8QLYHUVLW\ >@ + (WLHQQH DQG 0 %HUWKRXO\ ³7HPSRUDU\ LPPHUVLRQ LQ SODQW PLFURSURSDJDWLRQ´ Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. YRO SS >@ 37/\DP0/0XVD=2-DPDOHGGLQH8$2NHUH:72GRILQ DQG $ &DUORV ³7KH SRWHQWLDO RI WHPSRUDU\ LPPHUVLRQ ELRUHDFWRUV 7,%V LQPHHWLQJFURSSURGXFWLRQGHPDQGLQ1LJHULD´J. Biology and Life ScienceYROSS >@ 6&HXQHQ6:HUEURXFNDQG-0&*HXQV³6WLPXODWLRQRIVWHYLRO JO\FRVLGHDFFXPXODWLRQLQStevia rebaudianaE\UHG/('OLJKW´Journal of Plant PhysiologyYRO SS >@ 70XUDVKLJHDQG)6NRRJ³$UHYLVHGPHGLXPIRUUDSLGJURZWKDQG ELRDVVD\VZLWKWREDFFRWLVVXHFXOWXUHV´Physiologia planetariumYRO SS± >@ 11RRUGLQ5,EUDKLP1+6DMDKDQ6001DKDU6+01DKDU DQG 1 5 $ 5DVKLG Micropropagation of Stevia rebaudiana through temporary immersion bioreactor system $JURWHFKQRORJ\ DQG %LRVFLHQFH 'LYLVLRQ 0DOD\VLDQ 1XFOHDU $JHQF\ 0LQLVWU\ RI 6FLHQFH 7HFKQRORJ\DQG,QQRYDWLRQ0DOD\VLDDQG)DFXOW\RI$SSOLHG6FLHQFHV 8L706KDK$ODP6HODQJRU0DOD\VLD >@ 1 $ 6DPDK $ ' $ +LVKDP DQG 6 $ 5DKLP ³'HWHUPLQDWLRQ RI VWHYLRVLGH DQG UHEDXGLRVLGH $ LQ Stevia Rebaudiana OHDYHV YLD SUHSDUDWLYH KLJK SHUIRUPDQFH OLTXLG FKURPDWRJUDSK\ SUHS+3/& ´ International Journal of Chemical and Environmental Engineering SS >@ 1 .ROE - / +HUUHUD ' - )HUUH\UD DQG 5 ) 8OLDQD ³$QDO\VLV RI VZHHW GLWHUSHQH JO\FRVLGHV IURP Stevia rebaudiana LPSURYHG +3/& PHWKRG´J. Agric. Food ChemYRO SS >@ $ 6DWHUEDN / 9 0F,QWLUH DQG . < 6DQ Bioengineering Fundamentals1HZ-HUVH\86$ 3HDUVRQ3UHQWLFH+DOOSS > @ 0 / .\ULDNLGHV ( 6 7]DQDNDNLV & .LSDULVVLGLV / 9 (NDWHULDQLDGRX DQG ' $ .\ULDNLGLV ³.LQHWLFV RI [DQWKDQ JXP SURGXFWLRQ IURP ZKH\ E\ FRQVWUXFWHG VWUDLQV RI Xanthomonas campestris LQ EDWFK IHUPHQWDWLRQV´ Chem. Eng. Technol. YRO SS >@ 0% $KPHG06DODKLQ5 .DULP 0$5D]Y\ 00+DQDQ5 6XOWDQ0+RVDLQDQG5,VODP³$QHIILFLHQWPHWKRGIRUin vitroFORQDO SURSDJDWLRQ RI D QHZO\ LQWURGXFHG VZHHWHQHU SODQW Stevia rebaudiana %HUWRQL ´American- Eurasian Journal of Science ResearchYROSS ± >@ / 7DL] DQG ( =HLJHU Plant Physiology 6XQGHUODQG 8. 6LQDXHU $VVRFLDWHVSS >@ $0XMLESomatic Embryogenesis in Ornamentals and Its Applications 1HZ'HOKL ,QGLD 6SULQJHUSS >@ 6.RQGR+7RPL\DPD$5RG\XQJ.2NDZD+2KDUD66XJD\D 17HUDKDUDDQG1+LUDL³$EVFLVLFDFLGPHWDEROLVPDQGDQWKRF\DQLQ V\QWKHVLV LQ JUDSH VNLQ DUH DIIHFWHG E\ OLJKW HPLWWLQJ GLRGH /(' LUUDGLDWLRQDWQLJKW´Journal of Plant PhysiologyYROSS >@ 07D\D0+HJJOLQ-3UHQRVLODQG-%RXUQH³2QOLQHPRQLWRULQJRI FHOOJURZWKLQSODQWWLVVXHFXOWXUHVE\FRQGXFWRPHWU\´Enzyme Microb. Technol.YRO SS >@ . +DKOEURFN ³)XUWKHU VWXGLHV RQ WKH UHODWLRQVKLS EHWZHHQ UDWHV RI QLWUDWHXSWDNHJURZWKDQGFRQGXFWLYLW\FKDQJHVLQWKHPHGLXPRISODQW FHOOVXVSHQVLRQFXOWXUHV´Planta SS International Science Index, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol:10, No:12, 2016 waset.org/Publication/10005871 >@ ./6KXOHUDQG).DUJLBioprocess Engineering Basic Concepts.1HZ -HUVH\86$ 3UHQWLFH+DOO375SS >@ $'.LQJKRUQStevia: The Genus Stevia1HZ International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(12) 2016 808 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10005871