Black Liquor Gasification Technology

CHEMREC Black Liquor Gasification Technology

Presentation at Workshop on Liquid Biofuels from Black Liquor Gasification

IEA Bioenergy ExCo Meeting Ottawa, Canada October 6, 2004 Ingvar Landälv [email protected] Chemrec AB www.chemrec.se

10/6/2004 1 CHEMREC CHEMREC SCOPE OF BUSINESS

The Scope of Business of Chemrec AB shall be:

“Technical Development and Commercialisation of energy and chemical recovery systems based on black liquor gasification”.

10/6/2004 2 CHEMREC Contents

1. Black Liquor: Where? What? How much? 2. Why new technology? Some reasons. 3. The Chemrec BLGMF concept 4. Impact of introducing the BLGMF concept -Sweden - Canada and the US 5. BLGMF economics 6. Development status 7. Funding requirement and structure

10/6/2004 3 CHEMREC The Pulp Mill

10/6/2004 4 CHEMREC Composition of Wood and Black Liquor

te ta s S Black Liquor Composition s id a u m iq Component % Mass io L B C 34.55 A in ck H3.59 o st d S4.35 ee F O 34.70 Na 18.45 K2.96 Cl 1.40 N- Total (%): 100.0 Combustible Characteristics

Wood Type Cellulose Hemi- Lignine Extractives BL, Dry Solids % Mass 80% cellulose + others HHV MJ/kg, DS 14.2 Spruce 42% 28% 27% 3% NHV MJ/kg, DS 12.0 Fir 41% 28% 27% 4% Birch 41% 34% 21% 4%

10/6/2004 5 CHEMREC Recovery Boilers in Sweden

1 Site Nr. Mill - Owner Capacity tDS/24h Start-up

1 Karlsborg - Billerud 1250 1980 2 2 Munksund - SCA 600 1965 3 3 Kraftliner Piteå - Kappa 1450 1972 4 Obbola - SCA 850 1962 5 Husum - M-Real 750 1965

Husum - M-Real 700 1978 4 Husum - M-Real 1100 1988 5 6 Domsjö - 375 1958 6 Domsjö - 375 1964 7 Dynäs - Frantschach 915 1978 8 Östrand - SCA 1500 1982 7 9 Iggesund - Holmen 520 1966 Iggesund - Holmen 520 1967 10 Vallvik - Rottneros 1000 1999 8 11 Norrsundet - Stora 540 1970 9 Norrsundet - Stora 460 1965 12 Korsnäs - Kinnevik 865 1968 10 Korsnäs - Kinnevik 1550 1987 11 12 13 Skutskär - STORA 585 1967 13 Skutskär - STORA 1900 1976 14 Frövi - ASSI Domän 520 1970 15 Skoghall - STORA 300 1957 Skoghall - STORA 910 1969 14 16 15 16 Gruvön - Billerud 500 1959 18 Gruvön - Billerud 760 1972 17 Gruvön - Billerud 2500 2000 19

17 Billingsfors - Munksjö 230 1976 20 18 Bäckhammar - 570 1976 19 Aspa - Munksjö 510 1973 20 Skärblacka - Billerud 600 1962

Skärblacka - Billerud 1250 1976 22 21 Värö - Södra 1400 1972 21 Värö - Södra Under construction 22 Mönsterås - Södra 1600 1979

Mönsterås - Södra 4000 1996 23 23 Mörrum - Södra 2000 1995 Mörrum - Södra 740 1970

Total No. of boilers 37 Total capacity 36195 tDS/24h

39 TWh (LHV) Year 2000

10/6/2004 6 CHEMREC Illustration of Recovery Boiler Capacities in Europe

= clusters of mills together having a large boiler capacity

= important single mill

10/6/2004 7 CHEMREC Estimated Black Liquor Production (World)

300 3.6 South America South America 44 TWh

Oceania ) ) J

n 250 3.0

North America E o World t ( V M Europe ~ 600 TWh

s ( Asia d

i 200 2.4 t, LH l n

o Africa

S North America nte y r 150 350 TWh 1.8 o C gy as D r r o u

q 100 1.2 i Europe . Ene

Sweden ox 120 TWh ack L

l 39 TWh ppr

B 50 0.6 A

0 0.0 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 ASIA Japan 80 TWh 50 TWh 10/6/2004 8 CHEMREC Contents

10/6/2004 9 CHEMREC Drivers for Technology Change

Possible Achievements with Atmospheric Pressurized Gasification Booster BLGCC/MF

Develop Technology for X (X) Incremental Capacity

Improved Cooking Methods X (More pulp per ton of wood)

Improved Energy Recovery X (Power or Automotive Fuels)

Improved Safety X X

10/6/2004 10 CHEMREC Years of Start-up and Re-build of North American Recovery Boilers

Number of boilers 20

38 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19

10/6/2004SOURCE: Weyerhaeuser 11 START-UPS RE-BUILDS CHEMREC 1000 Years of Global CO2 Change

380

360 CO2 concentration, [ppm] 340

320

300

280 e University Press

260 Cambridg 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000

10/6/2004 12 CHEMREC Oil- and Natural Gas Consumption History and Prognoses

Oil 80 and 70 Discoveries Oil Gas t

n (Oil and Gas) 60 Consumption le a v i

u 50 q

il e 40 o l e r r

a 30 b a g i 20 G

0 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Crude oil supply Heavy etc. Unconventional oil Polar NGL Natural gas supply Non-con gas Oil demand Total oil and gas demand Discovered oil fields

10/6/2004 13 CHEMREC Contents

10/6/2004 14 CHEMREC Technology of today for the Recovery of Cooking Chemicals

Recovery Steam Wood Boiler chips Weak Flue black gas liquor

Strong black Digester Concentrators liquor

Smelt

Weak Green liquor Dissolving wash White liquor Pulp Causticizing tank

10/6/2004 15 CHEMREC Gasification Technology for the Recovery of Cooking Chemicals

Wood chips Weak black liquor

Strong Gasifier black Digester Concentrators liquor

RAW GAS

White liquor Green liquor Pulp Causticizing

10/6/2004 16 CHEMREC Main Blocks in a Pulp & Paper Mill

Pulp Wood

Power Internal heat and power Boiler

Pulp Mill

Black Liquor

Recovery Boiler Green Liquor

Pulp

10/6/2004 17 CHEMREC P&P Mill with Motor Fuel Production and Heat/Power Unit

Pulp Wood Biomass fed power Additional Internal heat and power boiler Renewable or IGCC Energy

Pulp Mill

Black Liquor Methanol/DME BLGMF Green Liquor

Pulp

10/6/2004 18 CHEMREC Black Liquor Gasification with Motor Fuels Production (BLGMF)

Air Separation Oxygen

Black High- Gasification & Gas Gas Clean-Up & Sulfur Liquor Gasification & Gas Gas Clean-Up & Sulfur Sulfidity Cooling Handling Liquor

Syngas Green Liquor Methanol / DME Synthesis Methanol / DME

10/6/2004 19 CHEMREC Gasification Technology Principles

Black Liquor GAS COOLER ATOMISATION C.W Atomizing medium BFW

SMELT CLEAN Oxygen ON WALL COOLED SYNGAS PARTICULATE LP-Steam REMOVAL & GASIFIER CONDENSATE GAS AND RECOVERY SMELT SEPARATION Raw Syngas

QUENCH MP-Steam

HX Condensate Green Liquor

Weak wash

10/6/2004 20 CHEMREC BLGMF Process: Biomass-to-fuel Efficiency Case: Power Boiler

Biomass fed Additional Internal heat and power power Renewable boiler Energy

Pulp Mill

Black Liquor Methanol/DME

Green Liquor BLGMF

Pulp

Same Power Need with Methanol/ DME RB or BL Gasification. Production Efficiency = = 65-70 % Additional Renewable Energy

10/6/2004 21 CHEMREC BLGMF Process: Biomass-to-fuel Efficiency Case: Power IGCC

Biomass fed Additional Internal heat and power power Renewable IGCC Energy

Pulp Mill

Black Liquor Methanol/DME

Green Liquor BLGMF

Pulp

Same Power Need with Methanol/ DME RB or BL Gasification. Production Efficiency = = 80-90 % Additional Renewable Energy

10/6/2004 22 CHEMREC Contents

10/6/2004 23 CHEMREC Production potential in Sweden

Available black liquor energy in Swedish pulp mills 20 TWh* DME Case with biomass fed power boiler or Black Liquor 20 TWh 30 TWh added energy biomass 39 TWh Metanol or 24 TWh Hydrogen

* Corresponds to approx. 30% of Swedish consumption of gasoline and diesel year 2000

10/6/2004 24 CHEMREC Overall energy balance for all Swedish pulp Mills (figures for year 2000)

17 TWh bioenergy, 5 TWh oil and 20 TWh el. (1999/2000)

PULP WOOD *)

Approx. 90 TWh

Swedish Pulp Mills year 2000

PULP

ca 50 TWh *) As pulp wood and as biomaterial from saw mills

10/6/2004 25 CHEMREC Overall energy balance – Fuel generation at all Swedish pulp Mills using the BLGMF process (figures for year 2000)

17 TWh bioenergy, 5 TWh oil and 20 TWh el. (1999/2000)

PULP WOOD *)

Approx. 90 TWh

Swedish Pulp Mills 20-30 TWh **) year 2000 20 TWh Automotive Fuels (DME and/or Methanol)

PULP

ca 50 TWh *) As pulp wood and as biomaterial from saw mills Volvos new D9A engine **) Depending on energy will be adopted for DME conversion technology 10/6/2004 26 CHEMREC Recovery Boilers in Canada

REC. BOILER MOST RECENT OTHER REC. TOTAL PULP CHEMICAL PULP RECOVERY CAPACITY REC. BOILER REC. BOILER BOILER COUNTRY COMPANY GROUP MILL CAPACITY CAPACITY BOILERS (TDS/DAY) STARTUP YEAR REBUILD REBUILDS

Canada ABITIBI-CONSOLODATED INC. ABITIBI-CONSOLODATED INC. FORT FRANCES, ON 340 190 1 950 1971 1985 Canada ABITIBI-CONSOLODATED INC. TROIS RIVIERES, QU 195 95 1 365 1947 1989 Canada ALBERTA-PACIFIC FOREST INDUSTRIES INC. BOYLE, AL 505 505 1 2640 1993 Canada AV CELL INC. ATHOLVILLE, NB 110 110 1 545 1983 1998 1995 Canada AVENOR INC. BOWATER CORPORATION DRYDEN, ON 300 300 1 1160 1966 Canada AVENOR INC. THUNDER BAY, ON 770 430 1 910 1966 1988 Canada 1 1360 1976 Canada CANADIAN FOREST PRODUCTS LTD. CANFOR CORPORATION PRINCE GEORGE, BC (INTERCONTINENTAL PULP MILL) 255 255 1 1440 1968 1993 Canada CANADIAN FOREST PRODUCTS LTD. PRINCE GEORGE, BC (PRINCE GEORGE PULP AND PAPER) 270 270 1 500 1983 Canada 1 1090 1966 1966 Canada CARIBOO PULP & PAPER CO. QUESNEL, BC 310 310 1 1810 1972 1994 1989 Canada CASCADES EAST ANGUS INC. CASCADES CORPORATION EAST ANGUS, QU 60 60 1 295 1938 Canada CELGAR PULP CO. STONE CONTAINER CORPORATION CASTLEGAR, BC 420 420 1 2610 1993 Canada CRESTBROOK FOREST INDUSTRIES LTD. SKOOKUMCHUCK, BC 215 215 1 1575 1993 Canada DAISHOWA MARUBENI INTERNATIONAL LTD. DAISHOWA GROUP PEACE RIVER, AL 390 390 1 1700 1990 Canada DOMTAR PAPERS DOMTAR INC. CORNWALL, ON 270 190 1 600 1959 Canada DOMTAR PAPERS WINDSOR, QU 340 340 1 1480 1987 Canada DONOHUE INC. DONOHUE INC. ST. FELICIEN, QU 320 320 1 1360 1978 Canada E.B. EDDY FOREST PRODUCTS LTD. E.B. EDDY CORPORATION ESPANALDA, ON 342 342 1 1905 1983 1997 1991 Canada EUROCAN PULP & PAPER CO. WEST FRASIER TIMBER CO. KITIMAT, BC 440 335 1 1540 1970 1989 1982 Canada FLETCHER CHALLENGE CANADA LTD. FLETCHER CHALLENGE CORPORATION CAMPBELL RIVER, BC 770 340 1 710 1959 Canada 1 1485 1963 1990 Canada FLETCHER CHALLENGE CANADA LTD. CROFTON, BC 780 395 1 1080 1976 1992 Canada 1 1800 1991 Canada FLETCHER CHALLENGE CANADA LTD. MACKENZIE, BC 200 200 1 1260 1972 1985 Canada HARMAC PACIFIC INC. NANAIMO, BC 380 380 1 1090 1963 1983 Canada 1 540 1953 1997 1988 Canada 1 350 1951 1994 Canada HOWE SOUND PULP AND PAPER LTD. CANFOR CORPORATION PORT MELLON, BC 495 315 1 2990 1990 Canada INDUSTRIES JAMES MACLAREN INC. NORANDA FOREST INC. THURSO, QU 235 235 1 410 1990 Canada 1 585 1984 1990 Canada IRVING PULP & PAPER LTD. IRVING PULP & PAPER LTD. SAINT JOHN, NB 285 285 1 1425 1970 1994 Canada JAMES RIVER - MARATHON LTD. FORT JAMES CORPORATION MARATHON, ON 170 170 1 990 1979 1989 1991 Canada KIMBERLY-CLARK FOREST PRODUCTS INC. KIMBERLY-CLARK CORPORATION TERRACE BAY, ON 480 460 1 1090 1973 1997 Canada 1 1090 1979 1996 Canada KIMBERLY-CLARK NOVA SCOTIA INC. ABERCHROMBIE POINT, NS 245 245 1 1300 1967 1984 1981 Canada MALETTE KRAFT PULP & POWER TEMBEC CORPORATION SMOOTH ROCK FALLS, ON 170 170 1 555 1965 Canada 1 500 1992 Canada NORAMPAC INC. RED ROCK, ON (CONTAINERBOARD MILL) 385 385 1 1090 1982 Canada 1 1200 1997 Canada NORKRAFT QUEVILLON INC. DOMTAR INC. LEBEL-SUR-QUEVILLON, QU 280 280 1 1346 1997 Canada NORTHWOOD PULP AND TIMBER LTD. PRINCE GEORGE, BC 515 515 1 1250 1966 1977 Canada 1 1500 1982 Canada PACIFICA PAPERS INC. POWELL RIVER, BC (POWELL RIVER DIVISION) 660 190 1 1090 1967 1985 Canada REPAP NEW BRUNSWICK INC. REPAP ENTERPRISES INC. NEWCASTLE, NB 235 235 1 1215 1991 Canada SKEENA CELLULOSE INC. PRINCE RUPERT, BC 450 450 1 1170 1978 Canada 1 1575 1966 Canada ST. ANNE-NACKAWIC PULP COMPANY LTD. PARSON & WHITTEMORE CORPORATION NACKAWIC, NB 240 240 1 910 1970 1985 Canada ST. LAURENT PAPERBOARD INC. ST. LAURENT PAPERBOARD INC. LATUQUE, QU 445 445 1 1575 1975 1992 Canada 1 585 1966720261997 tpd Canada 1 450 1957 1997 Canada STONE CONTAINER (CANADA) INC. STONE CONTAINER CORPORATION NEW RICHMOND, QU 200 200 1 750 1965 Canada STONE CONTAINER (CANADA) INC. PORTAGE DU FORT, QU 1 915 1967 <=> Canada TOLKO MANITOBA THE PAS, MA 125 125 1 635 1971 Canada WELDWOOD OF CANADA LIMITED CHAMPION INTERNATIONAL CORP. HINTON, AL 385 385 1 1090 1979 1990 Canada 1 1215 195989 TWh/yr Canada WESTERN PULP LIMITED PARTNERSHIP SQUAMISH, BC 240 240 1 1755 1988 Canada WEYERHAEUSER CANADA LTD. WEYERHAEUSER CORPORATION GRANDE PRAIRIE, AL 320 320 1 1550 1973 1990 Canada WEYERHAEUSER CANADA LTD. KAMLOOPS, BC 440 440 1 410 1965 Canada 1 2040 1972 Canada WEYERHAEUSER CANADA LTD. PRINCE ALBERT, SA (PRINCE ALBERT PULP & PAPER MILL) 340 340 1 1040 1968 2000 Canada 1 585 1977 SUM CANADA 15322 13062 72026 1974

10/6/2004 27 CHEMREC Pulp and Paper Mills in Canada

10/6/2004 28 CHEMREC Production Potential – North America

175 TWh* Available black liquor Energy Biomass Boiler in North American pulp mills DME Case 260 TWh or Biomass Energy Black Liquor 175 TWh* Equals energy Methanol 50 milj metric 350 TWh tons dry biomass or 210 TWh Hydrogen

* Corresponds to 7% of Canadian plus 2% of US automotive fuels consumption

10/6/2004 29 CHEMREC Contents

10/6/2004 30 CHEMREC The “BLGMF” Study Supported by the EU Altener II Program and the Swedish National Energy Administration

• Duration: Feb 2002 - Nov 2003 • Total cost: €400,000 • Contents: - Process design - Mill integration - Energy balances - Cost estimate - Market barriers

10/6/2004 31 CHEMREC BLGMF Study Project Partners

Process engineering consultant

Research centre for Gasification technology pulp and papermaking supplier

National gasoline and World’s largest methanol oil distributor producer and distributor

Automotive fuel and World-known automotive engine consultant and engine developer

10/6/2004 32 CHEMREC Cost of fuel at pump, EUR or SEK per liter gasoline equivalent (incl. distribution cost but excl. taxes) 12 (SEK/l.g.e.) (EUR/l.g.e) 1.25

10 1.0 Source: Swedish National 8 Road Administration, 2002 0.75 6 CO2 – tax 2 USD/ gal 0.50 4 1.5 USD/ gal 2 0.25

0 0 Gasoline EtOH EtOH MeOH MeOH MeOH/DME, (Wheat) (Wood) (NG) (Biomass this study gasification) 10/6/2004 33 CHEMREC Fuel output from use of 1 MJ of energy

Fuel output from use of 1 MJ of energy

0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5

MJ 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,0 DME Syndiesel DME Syndiesel DME* (Natural gas) (Natural gas) (Biomass) (Biomass) (Biomass)

Source: Volvo The BLGMF study

Diesel engine fuel Naphta, waxes *Same for MeOH

10/6/2004 34 CHEMREC Contents

10/6/2004 35 CHEMREC Pressurised BLG Development DP-2

Oxygen MP/LP Hot Air Steam water DP-1 Gas separation Sulphur handling Gasification Polysulfid - Sulphur Polysulfide Power Gas generation generation cooling Black Gasifier liquor Raw gas Counter White Liquor Gas Clean-up Current Weak Condenser Quench Absorber Stripper wash

Green Condensate liquor Syn Gas

Electric Power or Synfuel Electric Power Plant or Methanol/ DME

10/6/2004 36 CHEMREC CHEMREC DEVELOPMENT PLANTS DP-1 & DP-2

Capacity Plant Location Process Units Pressure Purpose tDS per d / (bar) MWt

DP1*) Piteå, - Gasification 20 / 3 32 - Verify Plant technical North Sweden - Gas Cooling features. - Gas Cleaning - Secure performance for DP-2

DP2*) Kappa Kraftliner - Full BLGCC ~300 / 45 32 - Fully develop the BLGCC concept concept. Piteå - Net product approx .10 MWe and 35 t/h of steam.

*) Plant Investments Supported by a Grant from the Swedish Government of 238 MSEK, approx 25 Mill €

10/6/2004 37 CHEMREC CHEMREC’S DP-1 PLANT AT PITEÅ

10/6/2004 38 CHEMREC DP1 Piping Model – From the mill side

10/6/2004 39 CHEMREC Time Schedule Pressurized BLG Development

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Activity Quarter 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

DP-1, Piteå, Sweden • EPC • Operation

Demos in Sweden • DP-2 BLGCC, Piteå • DP-3 BLGMF, Mörrum CD, USA *

Commercialisation

*) A US CD-plant project is planned to start after evaluation of Swedish DP-1 operating results

10/6/2004 40 CHEMREC The RENEW Project: Biomass to Liquid Fuels A Project within EU’s 6th Framework Program

SP 1:Entrained Flow SP1 SP1: SP5 CarboV at Atm. SP1: Gas SP1: FT- NTVProcess Hydro- Biofuel Pressure treatment synthesis Optim. cracking Assess.

SP2: FT SP2 SP 2: Press.Entrained Synthesis SP2: BTL Process. Flow at 30 bar SP2: Gas BTL Wood Optim. Catalytic Cleaning Cracking Fuel SP 2: Circulating Fluid. Bed Reactor

SP3 SP 3: Entrained Flow SP3: Gas DME / BTL f. Black. Gasification of Plant up-scaling treatment Methanol Liquor Black Liquor production SP2: FT l Fluidized bed reactor Straw Synthesis Chemec Used for SP2 FT- SP2: Gas treatment Volvo fuel mum fue i STFI 4 years Automotive Testing Södra Cell Opt Ecotraffic 30 partners Energy ~30 MMUSD Indust. & Polit. Recommendations Crops Coordinator: Volkswagen

SP4 SP 4: Thermochemistry SP4: Gas Bio Ethanol for Bioethanol & Catalytic reaction Ethanol treatment Prod. Enzymatic pathway

Liquid Fuels Gaseous Fuels 10/6/2004 41 CHEMREC Overall Concept for the SP3 BLGMF Plant

~35MW Extra Biomass to compensate BLGMF Fuel generation

WOOD FOR PULPING O2 Plant CO2 Södra Cells 45 MW Black Pulp Mill Liquor Gasification Gas Cleaning + Synthesis 22 MW at Mörrum Green Liquor ~ 4 t/h of MeOH BLGAMF PLANT (or corresp. DME)

Sulphur

Expanded Mill incl. BLGMF PULP/ PAPER

10/6/2004 42 CHEMREC Renew SP3

SP3 will determine technical and commercial impact of locating a small BLGMF plant at a pulp mill

Key input from work at four locations: 1. Chemrec´s Development Plant under construction in Piteå, north Sweden – Start-up 4th quarter 2004 2. Södra Cell’s pulp Mill in Mörrum, South Sweden 3. STFI laboratories in Stockholm 4. VOLVO Engine Development Laboratories in Gothenburg

10/6/2004 43 CHEMREC Södra Cell Mörrum Mill

10/6/2004 44 CHEMREC Södra Cell Mörrum Mill with Planned BLGMF Plant

Biomass To the Black liquor usage: ~360MW Mill: ~650MW

Black liquor: ~45MW

Planned

DME & BLGMF Methanol Demonstration

10/6/2004 45 CHEMREC Contents

10/6/2004 46 CHEMREC Chemrec New Financial Structure (Capital Requirement, MUSD)

Shareholders Participants

1.6

Pulp& Paper Research Energy Engineering Industrial Financial Nykomb Industry STEM Foundations Industry Services Actor investor Synergetics Supplier

1.3 1.3 1.3 Swedish Universities 8.4

BLG Program 1.1 Chemrec AB including 1.The R&D pgm 2.The development Swedish 4.0 plant Energy Agency

10/6/2004 47 CHEMREC Two Phases in the BLG R&D Program MUSD / phase Phase 2 5.7 9. Multi-disciplinary System Analysis Mh

8. Construction mtrl for green liquor KI

7. Non process elements STFI Phase 1 6. Alternate cooking cycles STFI

5. Direct Caustication with borates ETC

4. 2.4 4. Reaction kinetics CTH 3. 3. Inorganic Chemistry UmU 2. 2. Quench/Cooler CFD modeling LuTH

1. 1. Reactor/nozzle CFD modeling ETC/LuTH

0. Co-ordination ETC 0.

2001 - 2003 2004 - 2006 CHEMREC Chemrec New Financial Structure (Capital Requirement, MUSD)

Financing in Place Shareholders Participants

1.6

Pulp& Paper Research Energy Engineering Industrial Financial Nykomb Industry STEM Foundations Industry Services Actor investor Synergetics Supplier

1.3 1.3 1.3 Swedish Universities 8.4

BLG Program 1.1 Chemrec AB including 1.The R&D pgm 2.The development Swedish 4.0 plant Energy Agency

10/6/2004 49 CHEMREC Chemrec Pitea BLG User Group

Nordic Companies: Status re. User Group participation - Kappa Kraftliner Provides land for DP-1 and favourable media supply - SCA Committed to contribute cash and in kind - SVEASKOG Committed to contribute cash - Södra Cell Committed to contribute cash and partici- pates with Chemrec in Renew EUproject - Vattenfall Committed to contribute cash

10/6/2004 50 CHEMREC Chemrec Pitea BLG User Group

North American Companies: Status re. User Group participation

-Weyerhaeuser Since several years these companies -International Paper work together with the DOE in the area -Georgia Pacific of biomass and black liquor gasification. -StoraEnso NA Meetings have been held in June and -Mead Westvaco July, 2004 for definition of a novel “US Biorefinery concept”

Objective: The above companies discuss to formalize a USBLG consortium in a legal entity owned jointly by the companies and partly funded by the DOE. Chemrec AB hope that the consortium during the second half 2004 will negotiate participation in Chemrec’s DP-1 effort in Piteå.

10/6/2004 51 CHEMREC One solution! Questions?

10/6/2004 52 CHEMREC