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Biofuels in the

Overview of in Sweden The main biofuels used by vehicles in Sweden are (in order), HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil), FAME (fatty acid methyl ester), ethanol, and . In recent years, the used in the transport sector is increased, in 2014, the share was around 12.5% (11.7 TWh), up from 10.7% (9.7 TWh) the year before. The content of almost all petrol is 5% ethanol, while most diesel fuel is blended with 5% FAME and together with varying shares of HVO, resulting in a total average share of at 13%. The share of biogas in vehicle gas is on average 74% in 2014. (Swedish Energy Authority, 2015)

Share of Alternative Fuel Use in 2014 (AMF Annual Report 2014) Low blending of ethanol (13.7%); Other ethanol (high Country information blends, 2.6%); Low blending of biodiesel (incl HVO 63.9%; of which FAME 24.4% and HVO 39.5%); Other biodiesel (11.2%); Sweden Biogas (gas and small share of liquid, 8.7%) Population 9,775,572 Biofuels policy, regulations, market development GDP (per capita) $47,229 Sweden has the long-term goal of generating zero net GHG emissions by 2050. A milestone for this goal is that by 2030 Final Energy Consumption 32,38 Sweden should have a vehicle fleet that is independent of fossil (Mtoe) fuels. A governmental investigation outlined in 2013 that this Final Energy Consumption 8,33 milestone could be realized by powering around 50% of in Transport (Mtoe) passenger cars running on biofuels and 20% by electricity, and more than 80% of urban buses by electricity. Such a Final Energy Consumption 26% development would require about 20 TWh of production. in Transport Share Sweden’s large forestry industry is expected to be the main Biofuels share in Transport source for feedstocks enabling a sustainable and resource Fuels efficient energy system. Sweden has had varying tax exemptions for biofuels since the early 1990’s, which is recently Fuel-Mix biofuels extended until 2018. In addition, there are ongoing discussions electricity to develop regulations based on the above investigation.

All trademarks, registered designs, copyrights and other proprietary rights of the organisations mentioned within this document are acknowledged. While the information in this fact sheet is believed to be accurate, neither EBTP members nor the , accept any responsibility or liability whatsoever for any errors or omissions herein nor any use to which this information is put. EBTP- SABS activities in support of Advanced Biofuels Stakeholders in Europe are funded by the EC under Concerted Support Action 609607. However, the information expressed on this fact sheet should not under any circumstances be regarded as stating an official position of the European Commission. Design and content of this fact sheet are copyright © European Biofuels Technology Platform 2016.

Advanced biofuels plants, demonstration and pilots Biofuels ministries, organisations

Plants and Demonstrations and agencies in Sweden The GoBiGas facility, located in Göteborg and owned by f3 The Swedish Knowledge Centre for Göteborg Energi AB, was inaugurated on 12 March 2014. Converting waste wood to SNG via for the Renewable Transportation Fuels production. Capacity 20 MW of clean SNG. After STEM - Swedish Energy Agency some start-up problems, in continuous production delivering SNG to the gas grid. The gasification has during 2015 run for SVEBIO - Swedish more than 4000 hours. Associaton

SunPine AB has pioneered a "Wood to Wheel" renewable Swedish Transport Administration diesel process technology using crude tall oil. The company is Vinnova owned by Preem, Sveaskog, Södra and Kiram AB, and operates a plant in Piteå. Capacity 100 000m3/year. Preem AB Key biofuels industry and refines the raw tall oil diesel to renewable diesel, and (from research stakeholders 2015) renewable gasoline, in its refinery in Göteborg. Their Agroetanol capacity was increased to 200 000 m3/yr in 2015. Bioenergy International Lantmännen Energi in Norrköping (total production 235 000 C5 Ligno Technologies mr/yr) has, since 2015, a smaller share of advanced ethanol production, based on industrial starchrich waste material. By AB using waste- and biobased process energy and capturing Chalmers University of Technology carbon-dioxide (since 2014), CO2 emissions are reduced by about 95%. Similar advanced ethanol production is currently Energiforsk AB under commissioning at St1 in Göteborg. Göteborg Energi AB

Perstorp use in Stenungsund, since 2014, partly renewable KTH Royal Institute of Technology in their production of RME, which together with Luleå University of Technology: LTU efficient production, gives CO2 emission reductions above 60%. Lund University Perstorp Pilots Chemrec BioDME demonstration: Luleå University of PREEM Technology's holding company took over Chemrec and its Renewable Energy Technology gasification (start 2005/>26000 op. hours) and BioDME plant (start 2011/ 10000 op. hours) in 2013. LTU has International entered a long-term partnership with Chemrec and also the Scania Danish company HaldorTopsoe. The plant continues operation. Capacity 4 ton DME/day SEKAB BioFuel Industries Swedish University of Agriculture; SLU SEKAB has in the Demo Plant in Örnsköldsvik developed technologies to produce from SP Technical Research Institute of many kinds of raw materials, including wood chips, and Sweden . They are involved in several pilot studies with companies from around the world. Capacity 500 liter/day. Sveaskog Swedish Biofuels Chalmers University runs since 2007 a 2 MW pilot plant for indirect gasification of wood residues at the Chalmers campus SÖDRA in Göteborg, for research and development (2000 Taurus Energy op.hours/yr). Vattenfall Cortus Energy upgraded in 2015 their integrated production Volvo Technology flow plant (500 kW)for drying, pyrolysis and gasification of different biofuels in Köping.

UniversityAll trademarks, pilot registered scale equipments designs, copyrights, e.g. a and process other proprietary development rights of the organisations mentioned within this document are unitacknowledged. at Lund While University the information for cellulosic in this fact ethanol sheet is believed production to be accurate, with neither EBTP members nor the European Commission, continuousaccept any respons steamibility pretreatment or liability whatsoever (10-20kg/h) for any and errors fermentation or omissions herein nor any use to which this information is put. EBTP- SABS activities in support of Advanced Biofuels Stakeholders in Europe are funded by the EC under Concerted Support Action 609607. (20However,-100l/day). the information expressed on this fact sheet should not under any circumstances be regarded as stating an official position of the European Commission. Design and content of this fact sheet are copyright © European Biofuels Technology Platform 2015.