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Fisheries in Veneto

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Fisheries in Veneto DRAFTPRE-RELEASE! ! DRAFT ! DRAFT PRE-RELEASE! ! DRAFT ! DRAFT Directorate-GeneralPRE-RELEASE! !Fo r DRAFTinternal Policies POLICY DEPARTMENT Directorate-General For internal Policies STRUCTURAL AND COHESION POLICIES B POLICY DEPARTMENT AgricultureAgriculture and Rural and Development Rural Development STRUCTURAL AND COHESION POLICIES B CultureCulture and Education and Education Role The Policy Departments are research units that provide specialised advice Fisheries to committees, inter-parliamentary delegations and other parliamentary bodies. Fisheries RegionalRegional Development Development Policy Areas TransportTransport and andTourism Tourism Agriculture and Rural Development Culture and Education Fisheries Regional Development Transport and Tourism Documents Visit the European Parliament website: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/studies PHOTO CREDIT: iStock International Inc., Photodisk, Phovoir DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT B: STRUCTURAL AND COHESION POLICIES FISHERIES FISHERIES IN VENETO NOTE This document was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Fisheries. AUTHOR Jakub SEMRAU Policy Department B: Structural and Cohesion Policies European Parliament B-1047 Brussels E-mail: [email protected] EDITORIAL ASSISTANCE Virginija KELMELYTE LINGUISTIC VERSIONS Original: EN Translations: ES, IT. ABOUT THE EDITOR To contact the Policy Department or to subscribe to its monthly newsletter please write to: [email protected] Manuscript completed in September 2012. Brussels, © European Parliament, 2012. This document is available on the Internet at: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/studies DISCLAIMER The opinions expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position of the European Parliament. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorized, provided the source is acknowledged and the publisher is given prior notice and sent a copy. DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT B: STRUCTURAL AND COHESION POLICIES FISHERIES FISHERIES IN VENETO NOTE Abstract This note was requested by the Committee on Fisheries for its Delegation to Northern Italy (9-11/10/2012). The note provides a review of the main characteristics of the Veneto fisheries sector, with a focus on issues such as the legal and institutional framework, resource management, catches, the fishing fleet, fishing industry, external trade, employment, aquaculture and marine research. IP/B/PECH/NT/2012-10 September 2012 PE 495.826 EN Fisheries in Veneto CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 4 LIST OF TABLES 5 LIST OF MAPS 5 LIST OF FIGURES 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 1. INTRODUCTION 9 2. LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 13 2.1. Law 13 2.2. Institutions 13 3. FISHERIES RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 15 3.1. EU level 15 3.2. National level 16 3.3. Regional level 16 3.4. Marine Protected Areas 17 4. CATCHES 19 5. FISHING FLEET 23 6. FISHING INDUSTRY, EXTERNAL TRADE, EMPLOYMENT 27 7. AQUACULTURE 31 8. MARINE RESEARCH 33 REFERENCES 37 3 Policy Department B: Structural and Cohesion Policies LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CFP Common Fisheries Policy CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche EEA European Environment Agency ENEA Ente per le Nuove tecnologie, l’Energia e l’Ambiente FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations IAMC Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero ICCAT International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas ICRAM Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca scientifica e tecnologica Applicata al Mare IREPA Istituto di Ricerche Economiche per la Pesca e l’Acquacoltura IRMA Istituto di ricerche sulle Risorse Marine e l’Ambiente ISTAT Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ITTP Istituto di Tecnologia della Pesca e del Pescato MAGP Multi-Annual Guidance Programme MIPAAF Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali MPA Marine Protected Areas STECF Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries TAC Total Allowable Catches 4 Fisheries in Veneto LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Key data 7 Table 2: Marine Protected Areas in Veneto 17 Table 3: Species landed in Veneto in 2010 19 Table 4: Catches in Veneto in 2010 as a function of fishing methods 20 Table 5: Fishing gear used by the Veneto fleet 23 Table 6: Veneto fleet, Demersal-Pelagic 24 Table 7: Fishing ports in Veneto 25 Table 8: Veneto fish trade, 2009 28 Table 9: Veneto fish trade in Northern Adriatic / Italian context 29 LIST OF MAPS Map 1: Topography of Veneto and its location 9 Map 2: The Region of Veneto and its provinces 10 Map 3: Italian territorial waters 11 Map 4: Location of Marine Protected Areas in Veneto 17 Map 5: Location of the MEDITS hauls in the Mediterranean and around Italy 34 5 Policy Department B: Structural and Cohesion Policies LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Evolution of the Veneto fishing fleet in terms of number of vessels, gross tonnage and engine power 25 Figure 2: Undertakings active in fisheries, aquaculture and ancillary activities in Veneto in 2010 27 Figure 3: Trends in number of fisheries and aquaculture undertakings 28 Figure 4: Production (tonnes) of Northern Adriatic consortia 31 Figure 5: Catches (tonnes) of the Venezia consortium, by species 32 6 Fisheries in Veneto EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Veneto is the eighth largest region of Italy. Its population is about five million, ranking fifth in Italy. Once the heartland of the Venetian Republic, Veneto is today among the wealthiest, most developed and industrialised regions. It has seen impressive development since the 1970s, in the so-called 'Veneto Development Model' - making it actually the third richest region in Italy after Lombardy and Lazio. Table 1: Key data Area 18 399 km2 Population 4 936 197 (30/11/2010) Flag Capital Venice Provinces Belluno, Padova, Rovigo, Treviso, Venezia, Verona, Vicenza Seas northern Adriatic Sea Source: Diverse Catches in Veneto totalled 25 362 tonnes in 2010 and include a number of species, with fish species accounting for 75.6% of the total catches, and crustaceans 3.9%. Importantly, molluscs represented 20.3% of the catches. Several stocks are considered by the STECF / EAA as overexploited (anchovy, sole, hake, red mullet). In terms of value of the landed catches, Veneto fisheries are dominated by bottom trawling and small scale fishing. The largest volume of captures is small pelagic fish: anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus) - 49%, sardines (Sardina pilchardus) - 11.4% and whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) - 2.0% The main demersal species landed is mullet (Mullus barbatus) - 3.0% and sole (Solea solea) - 2.9% A large part of molluscs catches is cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) - 4.4%, musky octopus (Eledone moschata) - 2.2%, murex (Muricidae) - 1.7% and squid (Loligo sp.) - 1.2% Importantly for Veneto, the bivalve mollusc (Bivalvia) accounts for 4.4% of total catches landed Crustacean landings are considerably smaller than in other maritime regions in Italy, and consist essentially of mantis shrimp (Stomatopoda) - 2.4% Veneto is host to extensive and intensive aquaculture, with particular reference to the Venice Lagoon and the Po delta, where the biggest production companies are concentrated. Veneto has boasted a concentration of fish breeding equal to 66% of the Italian farming in the north Adriatic. Also regarding mollusc rearing, Veneto has a strong position with its 154 plants. The Veneto fishing fleet has 731 fishing vessels, representing 6% of the total number, 7% of the tonnage, and 8% of the power of all fishing boats in Italy: 7 Policy Department B: Structural and Cohesion Policies The average size of a boat in Veneto is 17 tonnes, compared to a national average of 13.5 tonnes The average power of a vessel is 114.4 kW, higher than the national average of 81.3 kW. This is due to the higher power required for hydraulic dredging operations. Most of the boats use set longlines, purse seines and bottom otter trawls Nine fishing ports (or 3% of all Italian ports) were registered in Veneto in 2012. The main fishing port by far in terms of tonnage is Chioggia, which accounts for more than two-thirds of the gross tonnage of the Veneto ports (68,74%). In Veneto, under 4% of the active population are employed across the primary sector of the economy. Since the late 1990s, there had been a marked drop in the number of jobs, especially at sea. Among other factors, the reduction in resources has meant that job losses have outstripped the reduction in fleet capacity. Importantly for Veneto, fishing for bivalve molluscs using hydraulic dredges has partly escaped this negative trend. The structural adjustment for trawling has also been, to some extent, less painful (Iborra Martin, 2008). The relatively small part of fisheries in GDP should, in the case of Veneto, be seen against the relative importance of aquaculture and processing. According to various estimates, Veneto has 7% of all jobs linked to fisheries and aquaculture in Italy. Veneto concentrates a high percentage of jobs in aquaculture (16% of the national total, third after Emilia-Romagna and Puglia), as well as in the processing industry (12%, second only to Sicily). Thus, Veneto has a relatively high share of all Italian jobs in fish farming and processing, rather than in seagoing jobs. For the former, Veneto is host to the largest companies involved in preparation, with 39 employees on average i.e. well above the national average of 16 employees per factory (2001 census). Trade in fish remains quite lively in Veneto, with the region accounting for almost 71% in both tonnage and value of the total amounts in the northern Adriatic in Italy. Still, the trade balance is clearly negative. For instance, the trade figures for 2009 show negative balances of 470 million Euro and 118 586 tonnes. Fisheries and aquaculture research is undertaken in a number of university laboratories. Other institutes like IRMA and ICRAM are major players in the management of fisheries resources. Statistics of fisheries data are managed by IREPA. The main national funding for research projects on fisheries and aquaculture topics comes from the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Forestry Policies and from the CNR.
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