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The Egyptian Book of the Dead (E.A. Wallis Budge)

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The Egyptian Book of the Dead (E.A. Wallis Budge) The Prose Edda Index Sacred Texts Egypt THE BOOK OF THE DEAD The Papyrus of Ani by E. A. WALLIS BUDGE [1895] Introduction Translation Because of the substantial amount of hieroglypics interspersed in the original text, I have omitted the ### 'glyph' placeholder where context permits, for readability. Only actual illustations have been inserted into the file. Due to space considerations the interlinear translation, which is primarily of interest to students of Ancient Egyptian, will not be posted. This should not be a hardship, since the Dover reprint edition is still in print and widely available. The file above, which appears at on the Internet at Sacred-Texts for the first time is a faithful e-text of the 1895 edition of the E.A. Wallace Budge translation of the Egyptian Book of the Dead. In November of 2000 I inventoried my library and found that I was missing Budge's Book of the Dead. So when a copy of the Dover reprint came up at the local used bookstore, I purchased it. To my dismay, the version of the text widely posted on the Internet did not seem to match the Dover reprint of the 1895 version. According to John Mark Ockerbloom, the proprietor of the excellent Online Books Page, the version circulating on the Internet is a highly edited version of Budge from a much later date (1913). He writes: "I did a little legwork, and it appears that the "mystery text" is in fact from the Medici Society edition of 1913. According to a 1960 reprint by University Books, for this edition "The translation was rewritten... [and the] greater part of the Introduction was also rewritten by Sir Wallis, who concluded a preface to it with the pleased words, 'and the entire work thus becomes truly a "New Edition"'". It's unclear whether Budge himself did the rewrite of the translation, but it's clear that he at least claims responsibility for it,. and it does appear to draw fairly heavily on his earlier translation." Thanks to Mr. Ockerbloom for clearing up this mystery. In any case, the version now at sacred-texts is a completely new e-text, which I believe to be a much better version of this text. Title Page Preface http://www.sacred-texts.com/egy/ebod/index.htm (1 of 3) [8/10/2001 11:21:28 AM] The Prose Edda Index Contents Introduction The Versions Of The Book Of The Dead. The Legend Of Osiris. The Doctrine Of Eternal Life. The Egyptians' Ideas Of God. The Legend Of Ra And Isis. The Abode Of The Blessed. The Gods Of The Book Of The Dead. The Principal Geographical And Mythological Places In The Book Of The Dead. Funeral Ceremonies. The Papyrus Of Ani. Translation Plate I. Plate II. Plate III. Plate IV. Plates V. and VI. Plates VII.-X. Plates XI. and XII. Plate XIII. Plate XIV. Plate XV. Plate XVI. Plate XVII. Plate XVIII. Plate XIX. Plate XX. Plate XXI. Plate XXII. Plate XXIII. and Plate XXIV. Plate XXV. Plate XXVI. Plate XXVII. Plate XXVIII. Plates XXIX. and XXX. Plates XXXI. and XXXII. http://www.sacred-texts.com/egy/ebod/index.htm (2 of 3) [8/10/2001 11:21:28 AM] The Prose Edda Index Plate XXXII. Plate XXXIII. Plates XXXIII and XXXIV. Plates XXXV. and XXXVI. Plate XXXVII. http://www.sacred-texts.com/egy/ebod/index.htm (3 of 3) [8/10/2001 11:21:28 AM] Title Page Sacred Texts Egypt Index Next THE BOOK OF THE DEAD The Papyrus of Ani IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM. THE EGYPTIAN TEXT WITH INTERLINEAR TRANSLITERATION AND TRANSLATION, A RUNNING TRANSLATION, INTRODUCTION, ETC. by E. A. WALLIS BUDGE Late keeper of Assyrian and Egyptian Antiquities in the British Museum [1895] scanned at www.sacred-texts.com, Oct-Dec 2000. Next: Preface http://www.sacred-texts.com/egy/ebod/ebod00.htm [8/10/2001 11:22:23 AM] Preface Sacred Texts Egypt Index Previous Next PREFACE. The Papyrus of Ani, which was acquired by the Trustees of the British Museum in the year 1888, is the largest, the most perfect, the best preserved, and the best illuminated of all the papyri which date from the second half of the XVIIIth dynasty (about B.C. 1500 to 1400). Its rare vignettes, and hymns, and chapters, and its descriptive and introductory rubrics render it of unique importance for the study of the Book of the Dead, and it takes a high place among the authoritative texts of the Theban version of that remarkable work. Although it contains less than one-half of the chapters which are commonly assigned to that version, we may conclude that Ani's exalted official position as Chancellor of the ecclesiastical revenues and endowments of Abydos and Thebes would have ensured a selection of such chapters as would suffice for his spiritual welfare in the future life. We may therefore regard the Papyrus of Ani as typical of the funeral book in vogue among the Theban nobles of his time. The first edition of the Facsimile of the Papyrus was issued in 1890, and was accompanied by a valuable Introduction by Mr. Le Page Renouf, then Keeper of the Department of Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities. But, in order to satisfy a widely expressed demand for a translation of the text, the present volume has been prepared to be issued with the second edition of the Facsimile. It contains the hieroglyphic text of the Papyrus with interlinear transliteration and word for word translation, a full description of the vignettes, and a running translation; and in the Introduction an attempt has been made to illustrate from native {p. vi} Egyptian sources the religious views of the wonderful people who more than five thousand years ago proclaimed the resurrection of a spiritual body and the immortality of the soul. The passages which supply omissions, and vignettes which contain important variations either in subject matter or arrangement, as well as supplementary texts which appear in the appendixes, have been, as far as possible, drawn from other contemporary papyri in the British Museum. The second edition of the Facsimile has been executed by Mr. F. C. Price. E. A. WALLIS BUDGE. BRITISH MUSEUM. January 25, 1895. Next: Contents http://www.sacred-texts.com/egy/ebod/ebod01.htm [8/10/2001 11:22:25 AM] Contents Sacred Texts Egypt Index Previous Next CONTENTS. PREFACE v. INTRODUCTION:-- THE VERSIONS OF THE BOOK OF THE DEAD ix THE LEGEND OF OSIRIS xlviii THE DOCTRINE OF ETERNAL LIFE lv EGYPTIAN IDEAS OF GOD lxxxii THE ABODE OF THE BLESSED ci THE GODS OF THE BOOK OF THE DEAD cvii GEOGRAPHICAL AND MYTHOLOGICAL PLACES cxxxiii FUNERAL CEREMONIES cxxxviii THE PAPYRUS OF ANI cxlii TABLE OF CHAPTERS cliii THE HIEROGLYPHIC TEXT OF THE PAPYRUS OF ANI, WITH INTERLINEAR TRANSLITERATION AND WORD FOR WORD TRANSLATION 1-242 TRANSLATION 245-369 BIBLIOGRAPHY 371-377 Next: The Versions Of The Book Of The Dead. http://www.sacred-texts.com/egy/ebod/ebod02.htm [8/10/2001 11:22:27 AM] The Versions Of The Book Of The Dead. Sacred Texts Egypt Index Previous Next INTRODUCTION. THE VERSIONS OF THE BOOK OF THE DEAD. The four great Versions of the Book of the Dead. THE history of the great body of religious compositions which form the Book of Dead of the ancient Egyptians may conveniently be divided into four[1] of the periods, which are represented by four versions:-- 1. The version which was edited by the priests of the college of Annu (the On of the Bible, and the Heliopolis of the Greeks), and which was based upon a series of texts now lost, but which there is evidence to prove had passed through a series of revisions or editions as early as the period of the Vth dynasty. This version was, so far as we know, always written in hieroglyphics, and may be called the Heliopolitan version. It is known from five copies which are inscribed upon the walls of the chambers and passages in the pyramids[2] of kings of the Vth and VIth dynasties at Sakkâra;[3] and sections of it are found inscribed upon tombs, sarcophagi, coffins, stelæ and papyri from the XIth dynasty to about A.D. 200.[4] [1. See Naville, Todtenbuch (Einleitung), p. 39. 2. Hence known as the "pyramid texts." 3. I.e., Unâs, Tetâ, Pepi I., Mentu-em-sa-f, and Pepi II. Their pyramids were cleared out by MM. Mariette and Maspero during the years 1890-84, and the hieroglyphic texts were published, with a French translation, in Recueil de Travaux, t. iii-xiv., Paris, 1882-93. 4. In the XIth, XIIth, and XIIIth dynasties many monuments are inscribed with sections of the Unâs text. Thus lines 206-69 are found in hieroglyphics upon the coffin of Amamu (British Museum, No. 6654. See Birch, Egyptian Texts of the Earliest Period from the Coffin of Amamu, 1886. Plates XVII.-XX.); Il. 206-14 and 268-84 on the coffin of Apa-ankh, from Sakkâra (see Lepsius, Denkmäler, ii., Bl. 99 b; Maspero, Recueil, t. iii., pp. 200 and 214 ff.); Il. 206-10 {footnote page x.} and 268-89 on the coffin of Antef (see Lepsius, Denkmäler, ii., Bl. 145; Maspero, Recueil, t. iii., pp. 200, 214); line 206 on a coffin of Menthu-hetep at Berlin (see Lepsius, Aelteste Texte, Bl. 5); lines 269-94 on the sarcophagus of Heru-hetep (see Maspero, Mémoires, t, i., p. 144). A section is found on the walls of the tomb of Queen Neferu (see Maspero, Recueil, t. iii., p.
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