Globalizing Chinese Buddhism: State Strategies and Modalities of Religion By Yoshiko Ashiwa Professor of Anthropology and Global Issues Hitosubashi University
[email protected] David L. Wank Professor of Sociology and Global Studies Sophia University
[email protected] Paper for presentation at International Studies Association Annual Meeting, April 6-9 2021 Panel: “Geopolitics of Religious Soft Power: Theories and Cases” Draft version for presentation only. Do not cite or circulate without authors’ permission. Abstract Since coming to power in 1949, the the Communist Party of CHina (CPC) has developed a state system for controlling religoin and using it to promote CPC aims. Since the rise to power of Xi Jinping in 2012, the system has been repurposed to support CPC aspirations for China to be recognzied as a great power. One of its activites is the global promotion of Buddhism as religion and culture. This essay has five sections. First, is a survey of the origins and development of the state system of religious control since the founding of the PRC in 1949. Second, is an overview of state’s international uses of Buddhism to further Chinese interests from the 1950s to the 2010s. Third, is an examination of the commitment in 2015 by PRC Buddhist establishment to globally promote Buddhism. Fourth, it is an overview of the modalities of Buddhism and their promotion around the world. Fifth, is an examination of the promotion as the local activities of a prominent monk. The conclusion considers the historical particularity of this promotion of national modalities of Chinese Buddhism as a universal religion and global culture.