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Report on Situation Analysis of Children in Lao Cai

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Report on Situation Analysis of Children in Lao Cai LAO CAI PEOPLE’S COMMITTEE PROVINCIAL CHILD-FRIENDLY PROJECT REPORT ON SITUATION ANALYSIS OF CHILDREN IN LAO CAI HA NOI, 2016 REPORT ON SITUATION ANALYSIS OF CHILDREN IN LAO CAI HA NOI, 2016 Contents LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES, BOXES ....................................................................................................................viii ABRREVIATIONS .........................................................................................................................................................xiii FOREWORD ...................................................................................................................................................................xiv KEY FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................................1 Key findings .................................................................................................................................................................1 Rights to Health and Nutrition ......................................................................................................................1 Right to development ......................................................................................................................................2 Right to protection ............................................................................................................................................5 Right to participation .......................................................................................................................................7 Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................8 Key recommendations ...........................................................................................................................................8 Rights to survival ................................................................................................................................................8 Right to development ......................................................................................................................................8 Child protection .................................................................................................................................................9 Children’s right to participation .................................................................................................................10 CHAPER 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................12 1.1. Research objectives ........................................................................................................................................13 1.2. Analytical framework and research methodology ..............................................................................13 1.3. Fieldwork location and research participants .......................................................................................15 1.4. Brief introduction of key contents of each chapter and limitations of the research ..............16 CHAPER 2. DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT ................................................................................................................18 2.1. Geographical setting, environment, natural disasters and climate change ..............................19 2.1.1. Geographical setting of Lao Cai province and research locations .....................................19 2.1.2. Climate change, water resources and environment ................................................................20 2.1.3. Adaption to Climate change and environmental risks ...........................................................20 2.2. Demographic characteristics and trends ...............................................................................................21 2.2.1. Population size and ethnic structure ...........................................................................................21 2.2.2. Migration .................................................................................................................................................24 2.2.3. Structure of gender, ages and education of the population ................................................24 2.2.4. Sex ratio at birth ....................................................................................................................................26 2.2.5. Fertility rate and population growth rate ....................................................................................26 2.2.6. Household size ......................................................................................................................................28 2.3. Main characteristics about the infrastructure and socio-economic development of the province .........................................................................................................................................................28 2.3.1. Infrastructure .........................................................................................................................................28 2.3.2. Economic development .....................................................................................................................30 2.3.3. Health sector ..........................................................................................................................................31 2.3.4. Education and training .......................................................................................................................34 2.4. Income and poverty .......................................................................................................................................35 IV REPORT ON SITUATION ANALYSIS OF CHILDREN IN LAO CAI 2.4.1. Income ......................................................................................................................................................35 2.4.2. Poverty trends .......................................................................................................................................36 2.5. Gender equality and the empowerment of women ..........................................................................38 2.5.1. Achievements of gender equality and the empowerment of women in Lao Cai .........38 2.5.2. Gender inequality and limitations in the empowerment of women ................................39 2.5.3. Customs and awareness barriers ....................................................................................................40 CHAPER 3. LOCAL GOVERNANCE AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS .....................................42 3.1. Multi sector policies, programmes that promote and protect children’s rights and ensure children’s well-being ..............................................................................................................................................43 3.1.1. Provincial socio-economic development plan of Lao Cai .....................................................43 3.1.2. Social Protection Policies of Lao Cai province ............................................................................44 3.1.3. Provincial Programme of Actions on Children of Lao Cai ......................................................45 3.2. Policy formulation, planning and budgeting of programmes for children ...............................46 3.2.1. Links between policy formulation, planning and budgeting ..............................................46 3.2.2. Decentralisation in planning and budgeting .............................................................................47 3.2.3. Local budget revenue and spending ............................................................................................47 3.3. Roles and Capacity of the key duty-bearers ..........................................................................................50 3.4. The mechanisms for management, coordination, monitoring, reporting and evaluation ..56 CHAPER 4. RIGHT TO SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT ...............................................................................58 4.1. Legal framework and public expenditure for the health sector ....................................................59 4.1.1. Legal framework and policies ..........................................................................................................59 4.1.2. Public expenditure for the health sector .....................................................................................64 4.2. Implementation situation ............................................................................................................................70 4.2.1. Maternal and child healthcare .........................................................................................................71 4.2.2. Maternal and Child Nutrition ...........................................................................................................75 4.2.3. Expanded Programme on Immunisation ....................................................................................83 4.2.4. Health insurance for children under six years old ....................................................................85 4.2.5. HIV/AIDS and children ........................................................................................................................85
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