Flight Paths in Wellington
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TRIALING PERFORMANCE BASED NAVIGATION FLIGHT PATHS IN WELLINGTON 1 ‹‹ Trialing proposed improvements to flight paths in Wellington PERFORMANCE BASED NAVIGATION THE RULES FOR ESTABLISHING FLIGHT PATHS BENEFITS OF PBN FLIGHT PATHS The international aviation industry is progressively using The planning and operation of flight paths in Wellington is 1. Safety 3. Reliability satellite navigation technology to introduce Performance regulated through the Civil Aviation Act 1990 and by Civil Based Navigation (PBN) into airports around the world. Aviation Rules. PBN delivers safety benefits through high precision PBN can provide greater resilience than current ground PBN allows aircraft to navigate accurately without relying navigation. It ensures aircraft fly consistently along an based navigation aids, which are exposed to significant Aviation legislation and policy focuses on the safe and accurate path in the sky resulting in predictability for both weather events. on ground based navigation aids, providing greater efficient operation of aircraft and airports. network resilience. PBN flight paths can be optimised pilots and air traffic controllers. Because of its effectiveness during periods of low cloud and this means aircraft use less fuel, emit less carbon Land use planning legislation and policy protects both the and bad weather, PBN creates potential for reduced 2. Environment dioxide, fly higher over built up areas and fly more quietly airport’s function and the surrounding communities from arrival and departure delays for passengers, and fewer on approach. the impacts of the airport, especially in relation to noise. PBN offers significant environmental benefits, including diversions of arriving flights to other airports. the reduction of carbon emissions by reducing the Wellington Airport, Airways New Zealand, New Civil Aviation Rules outline the requirements for flights amount of fuel used by aircraft. This is achieved by 4. Better noise outcomes Southern Sky, and the Board of Airline Representatives operating in New Zealand airspace and provides designing paths to the runway that allow aircraft to fly on New Zealand (BARNZ) plan to trial PBN into Wellington aerodrome traffic rules and noise abatement procedures Aircraft arriving at an airport are able to fly higher over low power settings during the approach. in 2018. for airports. These rules include requirements for pilots to built up areas and on lower power settings on their approach and depart runways under certain conditions to approach to the runway, in a procedure known as a This document explains more about the trial, the minimise noise impacts from landing and take-off. “continuous descent approach”. proposed flight paths and how you can provide feedback. This almost eliminates the traditional step-down approach HOW PERFORMANCE BASED NAVIGATION FLIGHT where aircraft descend in steps separated by intervals of PATHS WORK level flight and increased engine thrust. PBN flight paths use the accuracy of satellite-based navigation and Global Positioning Systems on the aircraft to follow optimised flight paths to a high degree of Aircraft using PBN generate less noise because accuracy and, depending on the route, fly shorter curved aircraft engines are close to idle. Aircraft landing descents into an airport. gear may also be deployed when they are closer to the runway which reduces noise levels even further. CONVENTIONAL STEP-DOWN APPROACH ›› 2 3 ‹‹ Trialing proposed improvements to flight paths in Wellington PERFORMANCE BASED NAVIGATION – PASSENGER GROWTH VS NOISE LEVEL A JOINT INDUSTRY INITIATIVE Wellington Airport operates well within Wellington Airport remains committed to complying with Airways New Zealand – manages New Zealand’s the noise limits set by the Wellington noise abatement procedures for flight routes set by the 30 million km2 of airspace, providing air traffic control, City Council District Plan. Over the Civil Aviation Authority surveillance, communication, flight inspections, mapping and airspace design services. Airways designs the PBN last 20 years, as airport activity has flight paths and procedures, and integrates the PBN trial increased, the overall noise generated PAX NUMBERS NOISE LEVEL aircraft into the overall air traffic flow approaching and has significantly declined. (MILLION PA) (dBA Ldn) departing Wellington Airport. 6 70 Passengers Wellington Airport – provides the infrastructure for This is a direct result of substantial and ongoing aircraft to land and take off, and facilities for processing investment in new technology by the airlines and the passengers as they arrive and leave. The airport manages airport, which has meant that noise has been kept to 5 aircraft noise in line with the Wellington City Council levels considerably less than its historic peak in 1988. District Plan Noise Limit 65 District Plan and coordinates feedback from public about These include: local aircraft noise. • Changes in aircraft technology have produced new 4 Board of Airline Representatives New Zealand (BARNZ) generations of aircraft that are up to 30% quieter – an incorporated society comprising 29 member airlines and this innovation is expected to continue. which operate scheduled domestic and international • The implementation of the airport’s curfew that has 3 60 services into and within New Zealand. significantly reduced airport noise between midnight Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand (CAA) - regulates and 6.00 a.m. civil aviation in New Zealand and implements any • Noise abatement procedures specific to Wellington 2 International Civil Aviation Organisation’s standards Airport relating to flight paths set by the Civil Aviation ACTUAL NOISE 55 and regulations to the extent they are incorporated into Authority. relevant New Zealand legislation. • Improvements to the airport layout to reduce 1 ground noise. WELLINGTON’S FLIGHT PATHS AND AIRCRAFT NOISE MITIGATION • Investment in quieter ground service equipment and engine testing controls. 0 50 The Wellington City Council District Plan strictly governs 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 the total noise for aircraft movements at the airport, As part of the ongoing Noise Management Plan, the controls the hours of flight with a night curfew in place, ANMC has supported implementing a range of noise FINANCIAL YEAR DISTRICT PLAN NOISE LIMIT controls engine testing and other land based activities mitigation measures for homes and early childhood and improvements to the airport layout and equipment to centres located within the airport’s Air Noise Boundary. reduce ground noise. The Quieter Homes package offers almost 700 home owners inside the Air Noise Boundary a specifically The Wellington Air Noise Management Committee tailored package of acoustic mitigation treatment Few cities in the world benefit from (ANMC) was formed in 1997, allowing community and designed to reduce aircraft noise. an airport as conveniently located as industry representatives to advise on the airport’s Noise Management Plan. The Noise Management Plan is Wellington Airport. This accessibility implemented by Wellington Airport and includes methods and proximity to residential properties and processes for remedying and mitigating adverse means that we carefully monitor and effects of airport noise. manage the effects of airport noise on our neighbours. ›› 4 5 ‹‹ How aircraft currently fly to and from Wellington Around 250 flights land and take off at Wellington Airport every day. Aircraft must take off and land 70% of arrivals into Wellington come ARRIVALS WITH A NORTHERLY WIND Aircraft flying to and from into the wind. The runway direction used by planes from the south over the Cook Strait 70% OF THE YEAR Wellington currently use at Wellington Airport is oriented north and south. avoiding residential areas. ground based navigation The wind in Wellington is a northerly for around two thirds of the year. This means that two thirds of flights aids including an Instrument arrive from the south in order to land into the wind Landing System (ILS). and take off to the north, into the wind. It is the opposite when there is southerly wind. The ILS provides aircraft with lateral NORTHERLY WIND and vertical guidance for the approach into Wellington. TAKE OFF TO THE NORTH ARRIVE FROM THE NORTH The ILS however can be affected by obstructions, storms or flooding. PBN has a greater level of resilience given it uses satellite technology. Here are images showing a current traditional day at Wellington for arrivals in a northerly wind, and in a southerly wind, with the flight paths being used. Shaded yellow areas are where aircraft fly currently. They spread out over a wide area as aircraft fly visually (on fine and clear weather days) and under Air Traffic Control instruction. ARRIVALS WITH A SOUTHERLY WIND Solid yellow lines indicate where specific 30% OF THE YEAR flightpaths are already in place. ARRIVE FROM THE SOUTH TAKE OFF TO THE SOUTH ›› 6 7 ‹‹ Trialing the proposed PBN flight paths in Wellington The trial of the proposed PBN flight MARCH – AUGUST 2018 MARCH 2019 The PBN flight paths being trialed have arrival paths into Wellington will 1. Establish existing baseline - Noise monitors will be 3. Compare baseline and new paths - Analysis will already taken the following factors into installed at locations along the proposed flight paths then be conducted and a six month interim report commence from September 2018. account based on international and local to establish the baseline level of noise – what is on the comparison