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Taxonomic Review of the Chironomid Genus Cricotopus V.D. Wulp
Zootaxa 3919 (1): 001–040 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3919.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:218630EE-6BF7-4E35-A8F6-9E8260D60FA0 Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v.d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu NICK DRAYSON1, PETER S. CRANSTON2,4 & MATT N. KROSCH3 17 Park Walk, Brigstock, Northants NN14 3HH, UK 2Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia 3Centre for Water in the Minerals Industry, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland., Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia 4Corresponding author Drayson: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:B568A060-A52A-4440-8CC1-D81506B3902A Cranston: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:C068AC61-DF1D-432A-9AB7-52B5D85C6C79 Krosch: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:C7DD7291-27F0-4216-80B2-90BD9F0CDFAB Table of contents Abstract . 1 Introduction . 2 Methods and material . 3 Cricotopus acornis Drayson & Cranston, sp.n. 5 Cricotopus albitarsis Hergstrom sp. n. 6 Cricotopus annuliventris (Skuse) . 8 Cricotopus brevicornis Drayson & Cranston sp.n. 10 Cricotopus conicornis Drayson & Cranston sp.n.. 11 Cricotopus hillmani Drayson & Cranston, sp. n . 13 Cricotopus howensis Cranston sp.n. 15 Cricotopus parbicinctus Hergstrom sp.n. 16 Cricotopus tasmania Drayson & Cranston sp. n. 18 Cricotopus varicornis Drayson & Cranston sp. n. 20 Cricotopus wangi Cranston & Krosch sp. n.. 21 Key to adult males of Australian Cricotopus . 22 Key to adult females of Australian Cricotopus . -
Genomanalyse Von Prodiamesa Olivacea
Genomanalyse von Prodiamesa olivacea Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades Doktor der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) am Fachbereich Biologie der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität in Mainz Sarah Brunck geb. 08.08.1987 in Mainz Mainz, 2016 Dekan: 1. Berichterstatter: 2. Berichterstatter: Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: ii Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis ................................................................................................................................ iii 1 Einleitung ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Die Familie der Chironomiden ................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 Die Gattung Chironomus ..................................................................................................... 3 1.1.2 Die Gattung Prodiamesa ....................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Die Struktur von Insekten-Genomen am Beispiel der Chironomiden ............................... 9 1.2.1 Hochrepetitive DNA-Sequenzen ..................................................................................... 11 1.2.2 Mittelrepetitive DNA-Sequenzen bzw. Gen-Familien ................................................. 13 1.2.3 Gene und genregulatorische Sequenzen ........................................................................ 17 1.3 Zielsetzung ............................................................................................................................... -
Insects in Cretaceous and Cenozoic Amber of Eurasia and North America
Insects in Cretaceous and Cenozoic Amber of Eurasia and North America Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, ul. Bogdana Khmel’nitskogo 15, Kiev, 01601 Ukraine email: [email protected] Edited by E. E. Perkovsky ISSN 00310301, Paleontological Journal, 2016, Vol. 50, No. 9, p. 935. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2016. Preface DOI: 10.1134/S0031030116090100 The amber is wellknown as a source of the most Eocene ambers. However, based on paleobotanical valuable, otherwise inaccessible information on the data, confirmed by new paleoentomological data, it is biota and conditions in the past. The interest in study dated Middle Eocene. Detailed discussions of dating ing Mesozoic and Paleogene ambers has recently and relationships of Sakhalinian ants is provided in the sharply increased throughout the world. The studies first paper of the present volume, in which the earliest included in this volume concern Coleoptera, ant of the subfamily Myrmicinae is described from Hymenoptera, and Diptera from the Cretaceous, the Sakhalinian amber and assigned to an extant Eocene, and Miocene amber of the Taimyr Peninsula, genus. The earliest pedogenetic gall midge of the Sakhalin Island, Baltic Region, Ukraine, and Mexico. tribe Heteropezini from the Sakhalinian amber is Yantardakh is the most important Upper Creta also described here. ceous insect locality in northern Asia, which was dis The Late Eocene Baltic amber is investigated better covered by an expedition of the Paleontological Insti than any other; nevertheless, more than half of its tute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR fauna remains undescribed; the contemporaneous (at present, Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Rus fauna from the Rovno amber is investigated to a con sian Academy of Sciences: PIN) in 1970 and addition siderably lesser degree. -
Orthocladiinae 7.1
ORTHOCLADIINAE 7.1 SUBFAMILY ORTHOCLADIINAE 7 DIAGNOSIS: Antennae with 3-7 segments; may be strongly reduced or may be longer than head capsule. Labrum with S I variable (simple, bifid, branched, serrated, palmate or plumose); S II usually simple but may be bifid, branched, palmate or plumose; S III simple (rarely bifid); S IV normal. Labral lamellae present or absent. Mentum usually well sclerotized, with several to more than 25 teeth; ventro- mental plates absent/vestigial to very large, without striae (occasionally with ridges in Nanocladius); beard present or absent. Prementum variably developed but never with dense well developed median brush of setae. Body with anterior parapods (sometimes reduced and/or fused); with posterior parapods well developed, separate or fused, or parapods reduced or absent. Setal fringe, setal tufts or long setae sometimes present. Anal tubules normally present, may be reduced or absent/vestigial. NOTES: One of the most diverse of the chironomid subfamilies; orthoclad larvae are found in an amaz- ing variety of habitats, running the gamut from terrestrial (corn fields, dung, greenhouses, leaf litter in hardwood forests) to seeps, springs, streams, rivers, ponds and lakes in freshwater, and coastal estuarine and littoral marine areas. Most larvae are scrapers, shredders or collectors-gatherers; some taxa are preda- tors, some are parasites. Key to the genera of larval Orthocladiinae of the southeastern United States (larvae are unknown for Apometriocnemus, Chasmatonotus, Diplosmittia, Lipurometriocnemus, Plhudsonia, Saetheriella, Sublettiella and Tavastia) 1 Length of antennae at least 1/2 length of head capsule ............................................................ 2 1’ Length of antennae less than 1/2 length of head capsule ........................................................ -
Data Quality, Performance, and Uncertainty in Taxonomic Identification for Biological Assessments
J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., 2008, 27(4):906–919 Ó 2008 by The North American Benthological Society DOI: 10.1899/07-175.1 Published online: 28 October 2008 Data quality, performance, and uncertainty in taxonomic identification for biological assessments 1 2 James B. Stribling AND Kristen L. Pavlik Tetra Tech, Inc., 400 Red Brook Blvd., Suite 200, Owings Mills, Maryland 21117-5159 USA Susan M. Holdsworth3 Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Mail Code 4503T, Washington, DC 20460 USA Erik W. Leppo4 Tetra Tech, Inc., 400 Red Brook Blvd., Suite 200, Owings Mills, Maryland 21117-5159 USA Abstract. Taxonomic identifications are central to biological assessment; thus, documenting and reporting uncertainty associated with identifications is critical. The presumption that comparable results would be obtained, regardless of which or how many taxonomists were used to identify samples, lies at the core of any assessment. As part of a national survey of streams, 741 benthic macroinvertebrate samples were collected throughout the eastern USA, subsampled in laboratories to ;500 organisms/sample, and sent to taxonomists for identification and enumeration. Primary identifications were done by 25 taxonomists in 8 laboratories. For each laboratory, ;10% of the samples were randomly selected for quality control (QC) reidentification and sent to an independent taxonomist in a separate laboratory (total n ¼ 74), and the 2 sets of results were compared directly. The results of the sample-based comparisons were summarized as % taxonomic disagreement (PTD) and % difference in enumeration (PDE). Across the set of QC samples, mean values of PTD and PDE were ;21 and 2.6%, respectively. -
Chironominae 8.1
CHIRONOMINAE 8.1 SUBFAMILY CHIRONOMINAE 8 DIAGNOSIS: Antennae 4-8 segmented, rarely reduced. Labrum with S I simple, palmate or plumose; S II simple, apically fringed or plumose; S III simple; S IV normal or sometimes on pedicel. Labral lamellae usually well developed, but reduced or absent in some taxa. Mentum usually with 8-16 well sclerotized teeth; sometimes central teeth or entire mentum pale or poorly sclerotized; rarely teeth fewer than 8 or modified as seta-like projections. Ventromental plates well developed and usually striate, but striae reduced or vestigial in some taxa; beard absent. Prementum without dense brushes of setae. Body usually with anterior and posterior parapods and procerci well developed; setal fringe not present, but sometimes with bifurcate pectinate setae. Penultimate segment sometimes with 1-2 pairs of ventral tubules; antepenultimate segment sometimes with lateral tubules. Anal tubules usually present, reduced in brackish water and marine taxa. NOTESTES: Usually the most abundant subfamily (in terms of individuals and taxa) found on the Coastal Plain of the Southeast. Found in fresh, brackish and salt water (at least one truly marine genus). Most larvae build silken tubes in or on substrate; some mine in plants, dead wood or sediments; some are free- living; some build transportable cases. Many larvae feed by spinning silk catch-nets, allowing them to fill with detritus, etc., and then ingesting the net; some taxa are grazers; some are predacious. Larvae of several taxa (especially Chironomus) have haemoglobin that gives them a red color and the ability to live in low oxygen conditions. With only one exception (Skutzia), at the generic level the larvae of all described (as adults) southeastern Chironominae are known. -
©Zoologische Staatssammlung München;Download
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Spixiana, Zeitschrift für Zoologie Jahr/Year: 2000 Band/Volume: 023 Autor(en)/Author(s): Ashe Patrick, O'Connor James P., Murray Declan A. Artikel/Article: Larvae of Eurycnemus crassipes (Panzer) (Diptera: Chrionomidae) ectoparasitic on prepupae/pupae of Hydropsyche siltalai Döhler (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), with a summary of know chironomid/trichopteran associations 267-274 ©Zoologische Staatssammlung München;download: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at SPIXIANA ©Zoologische Staatssammlung München;download: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at Methods and material A shallow riffle site on the River Flesk, S. W. Ireland, was chosen for the investigation, and from the ecological data available on the immature stages of Eurycnemus (Murray & Ashe 1981) it was assumed for the purposes of the search that E. crassipes is ectoparasitic on Hydropsyche prepupae/pupae. By driving long, upright branches into the Substrate, the riffle area was divided into three rectangular, box- like sections each about 1 m wide and 10 m long, the total area studied being about 30 Square metres. Work began on the downstream end of each box and every stone likely to support Hydropsyche pupal cases was examined. Any such cases found were removed, opened and discarded if nothing was found. Suspect cases were placed in a tray of river water for further examination, and those which contained or were suspected of containing larvae or pupae of E. crassipes were preserved in 75 % alcohol. Material found: Ireland, Co. Kerry, River Flesk (Grid reference: V964893), 8.VI11.1994, leg. -
Mogren Etal 2012.Pdf
Science of the Total Environment 425 (2012) 60–65 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Science of the Total Environment journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/scitotenv Survival, reproduction, and arsenic body burdens in Chironomus riparius exposed to arsenate and phosphate Christina L. Mogren a,⁎, Guntram R. von Kiparski b, David R. Parker b, John T. Trumble a a Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, United States b Department of Environmental Science, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, United States article info abstract Article history: Despite the increasing awareness of arsenic (As) contamination in surface waters worldwide, little is Received 12 January 2012 known about how As alone and in the presence of other chemicals affects aquatic insects. Larvae of Received in revised form 5 March 2012 Chironomus riparius were exposed in a laboratory investigation to factorial combinations of 0, 0.13, 2.0, 5.3, Accepted 6 March 2012 − − and 13 μmol As l 1 and 0, 0.15, and 15 μmol PO l 1 throughout development from first instar to pupal Available online 29 March 2012 4 emergence. The time between male and female emergence increased from 1.8±0.17 days to 2.9± 0.34 days with exposure at higher As levels. The highest As exposure also decreased the number of eggs Keywords: Aquatic per egg mass, which may affect population maintenance. For these parameters, there was no effect from Arsenic PO4, and no interaction between As and PO4. Total As determination of larval and adult tissues was conducted Bioaccumulation using Hydride Generated Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (HGAAS) and revealed concentrations ranging Metalloid from 2.48±0.363 to 30.5±0.473 μg/g and 1.03±0.286 to 8.97±0.662 μg/g, respectively, indicating elimina- Sublethal toxicity tion of approximately 72% of total As body burdens between the fourth instar and adult stages. -
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Aquatic Insects in the Dicle (Tigris) River Basin, Turkey, with New Records
Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2017) 41: 102-112 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1512-56 Spatial and temporal distribution of aquatic insects in the Dicle (Tigris) River Basin, Turkey, with new records Fatma ÇETİNKAYA, Aysel BEKLEYEN* Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey Received: 21.12.2015 Accepted/Published Online: 01.06.2016 Final Version: 25.01.2017 Abstract: We investigated insects of the Dicle (Tigris) River Basin in terms of their composition and spatiotemporal distribution. Larvae, pupae, pupal exuviae, and nymphs of insects were obtained from samples collected by a plankton net monthly during a 1-year period in 2008 and 2009 at seven different sites of the Dicle (Tigris) River Basin. A total of 35 taxa from the orders Trichoptera (1 taxon), Ephemeroptera (3 taxa), and Diptera (31 taxa) were identified. Chironomidae (Diptera) was the most diverse group and was represented by three major subfamilies, namely Tanypodinae (2 taxa), Orthocladiinae (19 taxa), and Chironominae (7 taxa). Among these species, Nanocladius (Nanocladius) spiniplenus Saether, 1977 is a new record for Turkey as well as for western Asia. In addition, the Psychomyia larvae found for the first time in the Dicle (Tigris) River Basin (Turkey) were described. Both taxa have been illustrated to warrant validation. Taxa number varied spatially from 6 to 14 and temporally from 2 to 12 during the sampling period. Along the river, Cricotopus bicinctus and Orthocladius (S.) holsatus were the most common taxa. Key words: Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Insecta, Dicle (Tigris) River 1. -
Checklist of the Family Chironomidae (Diptera) of Finland
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 441: 63–90 (2014)Checklist of the family Chironomidae (Diptera) of Finland 63 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.441.7461 CHECKLIST www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Checklist of the family Chironomidae (Diptera) of Finland Lauri Paasivirta1 1 Ruuhikoskenkatu 17 B 5, FI-24240 Salo, Finland Corresponding author: Lauri Paasivirta ([email protected]) Academic editor: J. Kahanpää | Received 10 March 2014 | Accepted 26 August 2014 | Published 19 September 2014 http://zoobank.org/F3343ED1-AE2C-43B4-9BA1-029B5EC32763 Citation: Paasivirta L (2014) Checklist of the family Chironomidae (Diptera) of Finland. In: Kahanpää J, Salmela J (Eds) Checklist of the Diptera of Finland. ZooKeys 441: 63–90. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.441.7461 Abstract A checklist of the family Chironomidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is presented. Keywords Finland, Chironomidae, species list, biodiversity, faunistics Introduction There are supposedly at least 15 000 species of chironomid midges in the world (Armitage et al. 1995, but see Pape et al. 2011) making it the largest family among the aquatic insects. The European chironomid fauna consists of 1262 species (Sæther and Spies 2013). In Finland, 780 species can be found, of which 37 are still undescribed (Paasivirta 2012). The species checklist written by B. Lindeberg on 23.10.1979 (Hackman 1980) included 409 chironomid species. Twenty of those species have been removed from the checklist due to various reasons. The total number of species increased in the 1980s to 570, mainly due to the identification work by me and J. Tuiskunen (Bergman and Jansson 1983, Tuiskunen and Lindeberg 1986). -
The XV International Symposium on Chironomidae Was Convened
Proceedings of the XV International Symposium on Chironomidae, pp. 285-293 Edited by Leonard C. Ferrington Jr. (2010) Phytotelmatocladius, A New Genus from Bromeliads in Florida and Brazil (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae) J. H. EPLER 461 Tiger Hammock Road, Crawfordville, Florida 32327, U.S.A. ABSTRACT: Phytotelmatocladius delarosai, new genus, new species, is described from bromeliad phytotelmata in southern Florida and Brazil. The larva had previously been keyed and diagnosed as Metriocnemus sp. B in Epler (1992, 1995) and Orthocladiinae genus H in Epler (2001). The pupa lacks a thoracic horn and pedes spurii A and B, has tergites II-VII and anal lobe mostly covered with shagreen spines, with well developed spinules on the conjunctiva between most tergites and sternites, and has only two macrosetae on each of its truncated anal lobes. The female has bare eyes, scalpellate acrostichals, only one or no seta on the squama, no setae on wing membrane, a long comb of 40+ sensilla chaetica on the mid leg basitarsus and seminal capsules without microtrichia. This new genus shows similarities to Compterosmittia, Limnophyes, Paralimnophyes and Thienemannia. Only female adults and pupae have been collected or reared (excepting larvae which can not be sexed), leading one to assume that this taxon may be parthenogenetic. INTRODUCTION Phytotelmata are the small bodies of water impounded by plants, such as bromeliads or pitcher plants. Phytotelmata often contain a variety of invertebrate and vertebrate life forms, among them Chironomidae (Cranston & Kitching, 1995; Epler and Janetzky, 1999; Frank and Fish, 2008; Picado, 1913 and others). In 1980 I made some collections from arboreal Tillandsia (a bromeliad genus native in Florida) phytotelmata that contained two taxa of orthocladine larvae. -
Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring Within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘I: Synthesis Report
Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Prepared by Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Hawaii Biological Survey Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817 USA Prepared for EKNA Services Inc. 615 Pi‘ikoi Street, Suite 300 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96814 and State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation, Airports Division Bishop Museum Technical Report 58 Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i Copyright 2012 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Contribution No. 2012 001 to the Hawaii Biological Survey COVER Adult male Hawaiian long-horned wood-borer, Plagithmysus kahului, on its host plant Chenopodium oahuense. This species is endemic to lowland Maui and was discovered during the arthropod surveys. Photograph by Forest and Kim Starr, Makawao, Maui. Used with permission. Hawaii Biological Report on Monitoring Arthropods within Kahului Airport Environs, Synthesis TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents …………….......................................................……………...........……………..…..….i. Executive Summary …….....................................................…………………...........……………..…..….1 Introduction ..................................................................………………………...........……………..…..….4