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THE CHIRONOMIDAE of OTSEGO LAKE with KEYS to the IMMATURE STAGES of the SUBFAMILIES TANYPODINAE and DIAMESINAE (DIPTERA) Joseph

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THE CHIRONOMIDAE OF OTSEGO LAKE WITH KEYS TO THE IMMATURE STAGES OF THE SUBFAMILIES TANYPODINAE AND DIAMESINAE (DIPTERA) Joseph P. Fagnani Willard N. Harman BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATION COOPERSTOWN, NEW YORK OCCASIONAL PAPER NO. 20 AUGUST, 1987 BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE AT ONEONTA THIS MANUSCRIPT IS NOT A FORMAL PUBLICATION. The information contained herein may not be cited or reproduced without permission of the author or the S.U.N.Y. Oneonta Biology Department ABSTRACT The species of Chironomidae inhabiting Otsego Lake, New York, were studied from 1979 through 1982. This report presents the results of a variety of collecting methods used in a diversity of habitats over a considerable temporal period. The principle emphasis was on sound taxonomy and rearing to associate immatures and adults. Over 4,000 individual rearings have provided the basis for description of general morphological stages that occur during the life cycles of these species. Keys to the larvae and pupae of the 4 subfamilies and 10 tribes of Chironomidae collected in Otsego Lake were compiled. Keys are also presented for the immature stages of 12 Tanypodinae and 2 Diamesinae species found in Otsego Lake. Labeled line drawings of the majority of structures and measurements used to identify the immature stages of most species of chironomids were adapted from the literature. Extensive photomicrographs are presented along with larval and pupal characteristics, taxonomic notes, synonymies, recent literature accounts and collection records for 17 species. These include: Chironominae­ Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen) (Chironomini); Ortl10cladiinae ­ Psectrocladius (Psectrocladius) simulans (Johannsen) and I!ydrobaenus johannseni (Sublette); Diamesinae - Protanypus ramosus Saether (Protanypodini) and Potthastia longimana Kieffer (Diamesini); and Tanypodinae - Clinotanypus (Clinotanypus) pinguis (Loew) (Coelotanypodini), Tanypu~ (Tanypus) punctipennis Meigen (Tanypodini), Procladius (Psilotanypus) bellus (Loew); Var. 1 Roback, Procladius i (Holotanypus) johnsoni Roback and Procladius (Holotanypus) denticulatus Sublette (Procladiini), and Labrundinia pilosella (Loew), Ablabesmyia (Ablabesmyia) annulata (Say), Ablabesmyia (Ablabesmyia) basalis (Walley), Ablabesmyia (Ablabesmyia) mallochi (Walley), Pentaneura inconspicua (Malloch), Conchapelopia (Conchapelopia) currani (Walley), and Thienemannimyia (Thienemannimyia) norena Roback (Pentaneurini). Rearings provided as many as eight undescribed new associations of immature stages with the respective adults (Ablabesmyia (Ablabesmyia) basalis (Walley) (Tanypodinae: Pentaneurini)j Cryptochironomus (?) scimitarus (Townes)j Dicrotendipes milleri (Townes), Nilothauma mirabile (Townes) Polypedilum (Polypedilum) crassum Maschwitz, Stictochironomus unguiculatus (Malloch) and Tribelos protextus (Townes) (Chironominae: Chironomini)j and Zalutschia ligulata ligulata Saether (Orthocladiinae». Several unidentifiable and possibly undescribed new species were also associated. One hundred twenty one species of Chironomidae in 4 subfamilies, 10 tribes and 51 genera were recorded from Otsego Lake. One hundred one of the species reported were collected in one or more life stages in this study. Additional records were compiled from the literature. About two-thirds (N=80) of the total species were in the Subfamily Chironominae with about half (61) being in the Tribe Chironomini. Orthocladiinae (22) and Tanypodinae (17) were much less diverse in species, and only 2 species of Diamesinae are represented. ii ADDENDUM Since submission of this manuscript, two journal articles were published which change the names of two species presented here. The species identified as CryPtochironomus fulvus group (sensu Curry 1958, p. 435 and Darby 1962, p.'73) on page 13 was redescribed by Mason (1986, p. 404) as a new species and named Q. curryi Mason. Also, Ablabesmyia (b) basalis (Walley) reported on pages iii, vi, ix,. 12, 23, 28 and 60-63 was designated a synonym of !. (!.) monilis (Linnaeus) by Roback (1985, p. 185). Mason, P. G. 1986. Four new species of the CryPtochironomus fulvus (Johannsen) species complex (Diptera. Chironomidae). Ent. scand. 161399-413. Roback, S. s. 1985. The immature chironomids of the eastern United States, VI. Pentaneurini-Genus Ablabesmyia. Froc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 137(2)s153-212. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Our thanks are extended to Ron Embling and Charles Winters of the SUNY College at Oneonta Graphic Arts Department for information and assistance in photography and graphics and to June Lundon and staff at Milne Library for her help and cooperation in obtaining inter-library loans. We wish to express special appreciation to Dr. Robert C. MacWatters and Thomas Simmons for donation of material and Dr. Selwyn S. Roback for kindly confirming most of the Tanypodinae rearing identifications. We also thank Robert Montione for loaning material for identification. Acknowledgement is gratefully extended to Colleen Driscoll for her patience in typing the many versions of the manuscript and to Faye Hacker, Deborah Jicha and Victoria Lamberton for additional typing. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS page l.~ ABSTRACT ••••.•••••.•••.••••.•••••..•••••••..•.••.•...••...• 0 •• 0 • • • •• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. •••••.•••.••••••• ..••••.••••••••••..•.• . • . • • • • • • • i v TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................... v LIST OF TABLES •.••..•••• 0 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• vii LIST OF MAPS ••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••• , • 0 •••••••••• vii LIST OF PLATES AND FIGURES ••.•.••.•••••••••••••••• , .••... 0 •••••••••• viii INTRODU CTION ••••.•.••••.••.• ..•••..•••••.••••••••••.•..•.•...•.. • • . • 1 MATERIALS AND HETHODS............................................... 1 Collection...................................................... 1 Re a ring ., 0 •• III ••••••• " •••••• " • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 4 Slide preparation••••..••.••••••.•••••••••••••••••.••. 0......... 6 Illustrations................................................... 8 Material examined •••••••••••••• , •••.••••••••••••••••...•••••.••• 8 Structures and terminology •••• •..••••.••••••••••... 00 ••••• •••••• 9 Explanation of keys............................................. 10 RESU~1E OF SPECIES ••••••••.•••••..•••••.•••• o. ••••••••••••••••••••••• 11 KEY TO THE SUBFAMILIES OR TRIBES OF OTSEGO LAKE CHIRONONID LARVAE... 19 KEY TO THE TRIBES AND GENERA OF OTSEGO LAKE DIAMESINAE LARVAE....... 21 KEY TO THE TRIBES AND GENERA OR SUBGENERA AND SPECIES OF OTSEGO LAKE TANYPODINAE LARVAE ••••••••••••••••••.••••••••... 0 •• • •• ••• • • 21 KEY TO THE SUBFAMILIES OR TRIBES OF OTSEGO LAKE CHIRONOHID PUPAE.... 24 KEY TO 1BE TRIBES AND GENERA OF OTSEGO LAKE DIAMESINAE PUPAE •••••••• 26 KEY TO THE TRIBES AND GENERA OR SUBGENERA AND SPECIES OF OTSEGO LAKE TANYPODINAE PUPAE............................................... 26 NOTES ON SPECIES INCLUDED........................................... 29 Subfamily Chironominae (Tribe Chironomini) ••••••••••....•••.•..• 29 v TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) page NOTES ON SPECIES INCLUDED conintued Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen) .....•...................... 29 Subfamily Orthocladiinae........................................ 32 Psectrocladius (Psectrocladius) simulans (Johannsen) ...•... 32 Hydrobaenus johannseni (Sublette) •......................... 34 Subfamily Diamesinae (Tribe Protanypodini) ••.•••.........••••••• 37 Protanypus ramosus Saether ............•.•............•..... 37 Subfamily Diamesinae (Tribe Diamesini) .•...••.•................. 39 Potthastia longimana Kieffer .............•..•............•. 39 Subfamily Tanypodinae (Tribe Coelotanypodini) ...............•.•. 42 Clinotanypus (Clinotanypus) pinguis (Loew) ..•....•..••.•.•. 42 Subf amily Tanypodinae (Tri be Tanypodini)........................ 44 Tanypus (Tanypus) punctipennis Meigen •...................•. 45 Subfamily Tanypodinae (Tribe Procladiini) ..•••••••........•..•.. 47 Procladius (Psilotanypus) bellus (Loew); Var. 1 Roback ..... 47 P. (Holotanypus) johnsoni Roback .....................••.••• 51 P. (!!.) denticulatus Sublet te.............................. 53 Subfamily Tanypodinae (Tribe Pentaneurini)...................... 55 Labrundinia pilosella (Loew) ....•.•.....••.•..•..•.......•. 55 Ablabesmyia (Ablabesmyia) annulata (Say) ••................. 58 A. (~.) basalis (Walley) .....•..•.•.••.•.........•.•....•.• 60 A. (~.) mallochi (Walley).................................. 63 Pentaneura inconspicua (Malloch) ....•..•.••.......•...•.••. 66 Conchapelopia (Conchapelopia) currani (Walley) .....•••••••• 67 Thienemannirnyia (Thienemannirnyia) norena Roback .........••• 69 LITERATURE CITED.................................................... 71 vi LIST OF TABLES page Table 1. A list of chironomids collected in Otsego Lake or believed to be present in or about the lake............... 12 Table 2. Classification of Otsego Lake Chironomidae 18 LIST OF NAPS page Map 1. Relevant landmarks and bathymetric map of Otsego Lake, New york.................................................. 2 LIST OF PLATES AND FIGURES Plate Figure page 1. 1. Life cycle of a chironomid midge. 91 2. 2. Slide mountAd rearing showing arrangement of par ts ...................•.....• . .. 93 3. 3-4. Larval head capsules and cephalic structures .... 95 4. 5-6. Larval head capsules and cephalic structures.... 97 5. 7-8. Larval head capsules and cephalic structures ..•. 99 6. 9-17. Generalized larval Tanypodinae head capsule and cephalic structures..•...............•...•
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    A MORPHOF ETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE CULICOIDES PULICARIS SPECIES COMPLEX (n.1'1 (DIPTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE) ) stet '1+ nf ? 1`r3 I1 BY Richard Paul Lane, B.Sc. (London), A.R.C.S. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London and for the Diploma of Imperial College Department of Zoology and Applied Entomology, Imperial College, London, S.W.7. August 1979 ABSTRACT This study assesses the value of currently available multivariate morphometric techniques in the analysis of the Culicoides pulicaris complex. This midge complex is typical of species groups which are difficult to separate into discrete clusters (species). Initially, emphasis is given to the study of eight nominal taxa in Britain: C. delta Edwards, fagineus Edwards, grisescens Edwards, impunctatus Goetghebuer,.lupicaris Downes & Kettle, newsteadi Austen, pulicaris Linnaeus and punctatus Meigen. Subsequently, material from other parts of the Palaearctic Region is included. Morphological characters of adults are tested to evaluate the nature and extent of variation. Size is rejected as unreliable, since both intraspecific and seasonal variation is excessive. Allometry of size in legs, antennae and palps is studied in large homogeneous samples of three species and the implications for taxonomy discussed. A new system for coding wing pattern,utilising pattern elements, is developed and compared to a mechanical scanning method. The former, based on only 13 characters, is preferable, on practical and theoretical grounds, to the scanning method involving 420 characters. In constructing a classification, two points are considered. Firstly, whether a large number of characters is required for a reliable classification and secondly, whether the recognised species are homogeneous.
  • The Early Stages of Ablabesmyia Annulata (Say) (Diptera, Chironomidae)1

    The Early Stages of Ablabesmyia Annulata (Say) (Diptera, Chironomidae)1

    170 DWIGHT M. BELONG AND CANDACE MARTINSON Vol. 72 THE EARLY STAGES OF ABLABESMYIA ANNULATA (SAY) (DIPTERA, CHIRONOMIDAE)1 M. W. BOESEL Zoology Department, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056 ABSTRACT The larva of Ablabesmyia annulata is remarkably similar to Malloch's Tanypus sp. A, briefly described in 1915. It differs from other American species in the following char- acteristics: 3 inner teeth of lingua truncate, all claws of posterior prolegs yellow, and both anterior and posterior prolegs apically and densely armed with spinules. In the pupa, the respiratory organ is smooth and ovate, lacking a terminal papilla. The respir- tory opening is distinctly preapical. The species is widely distributed in Ohio. INTRODUCTION This study was initiated when larvae bearing a similarity to Tanypus sp. A of Malloch (1915) were collected by Randy Kingsley near Oxford. One of these larvae was carried to adulthood and found to be Ablabesmyia annulata (Say). The species was also reared 12 times previously at Put-in-Bay, Ohio. At the time when the Put-in-Bay material was collected, there was still some confusion about the identity of A. annulata and A. monilis. Ablabesmyia monilis was described by Linnaeus in 1758 (as Tipula monilis) from the Old World, but has been widely reported from the Nearctic region. The first American species of the genus as now constituted was A. annulata, described by Say (1823) (as Tanypus annulatus) from Pennsylvania. Johannscn, in his monographic work in 1905, regarded T. annulatus as a synonym of A. monilis. Malloch (1915) likewise did not distinguish between the two species.
  • DNA Barcoding

    DNA Barcoding

    Full-time PhD studies of Ecology and Environmental Protection Piotr Gadawski Species diversity and origin of non-biting midges (Chironomidae) from a geologically young lake PhD Thesis and its old spring system Performed in Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology in Institute of Ecology and Environmental Protection Różnorodność gatunkowa i pochodzenie fauny Supervisor: ochotkowatych (Chironomidae) z geologicznie Prof. dr hab. Michał Grabowski młodego jeziora i starego systemu źródlisk Auxiliary supervisor: Dr. Matteo Montagna, Assoc. Prof. Łódź, 2020 Łódź, 2020 Table of contents Acknowledgements ..........................................................................................................3 Summary ...........................................................................................................................4 General introduction .........................................................................................................6 Skadar Lake ...................................................................................................................7 Chironomidae ..............................................................................................................10 Species concept and integrative taxonomy .................................................................12 DNA barcoding ...........................................................................................................14 Chapter I. First insight into the diversity and ecology of non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae)