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Tergissima and Femniterga, New Sister Genera of Calycopis Scudder and Calystryma Field from the South Central Andes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

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Tergissima and Femniterga, New Sister Genera of Calycopis Scudder and Calystryma Field from the South Central Andes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida March 1988 Tergissima and Femniterga, New Sister Genera of Calycopis Scudder and Calystryma Field from the South Central Andes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Kurt Johnson American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Entomology Commons Johnson, Kurt, "Tergissima and Femniterga, New Sister Genera of Calycopis Scudder and Calystryma Field from the South Central Andes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)" (1988). Insecta Mundi. 488. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/488 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 28 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. 2, no. 1, March 1988 Tergissima and Femniterga, New Sister Genera of Calycopis Scudder and Calystry ma Field from the South Central Andes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) by Kurt Johnson Department of Entomology American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th Street New York, New York 10024 Abstract the Argentine Calywpis and Calystryma faunas in detail. Taxa of the generally "blue-above" Calywpis and Tergissima and Femniterga, new genera, are de- "brown-above" Calyst yma have extremely similar under scribed from hitherto seldom sampled localities of 500- surface wing patterns (see Field, 1967a, p. 1; 196% p. 2) 1700 m. altitude in Salta, Jujuy and Tucuman provinces, a feature also shared with several little-studied groups of Argentina. The new genera are allied to New World the broadly polyphyletic Theclinae grade "Thecla" (sensu Calycopis and Neotropical Calystryma, but differ from the Bridges, 1986). These latter include the "vesulus group" generic characters of these in having extreme termino- of Draudt (1919) (e.g., T. vesulus Cramer and T. anthora ventrad development of the incised posterior cavity of Hewitson), or Draudt's "badaca group" (e.g. T. autoclea the eighth abdominal tergite (Tergissima males, Fem- Hewitson [=sangala Hewitson] ). Calycopis and Caly- niterga, males and females), distinctive genitalic char- styma are, however, clearly distinguished from these acters and forewing markings on males suggestive of taxa and other Eumaeini by their lack of male forewing secondary sexual brands. Morphology of the four "brands" and the presence of a remarkable sclerotized genera is compared in detail. Four new species are de- development of the male's eighth tergite. In Calycopis scribed: T. mosconiensis, T. macphersoni, F. notacastanea and Calystryma this development of the eighth tergite and F. judae, three of which are also distributed north- forms (quotingField's [1967a, 1%7b] terminology)anl'in- ward into eastern Bolivia. cised posterior cavity" of "subcordate" shape surround- Introduction ing the genitalic parts. In Calycopis (Fig. 3A) this tergal innovation is small, scarcely exceeding the spiracles later- Calycopis Scudder and Calyst yma Field are genera ally. However, in Calystryma it is much larger (Fig. 3B), of "hairstreak" butterflies (Lycaenidae: Theclinae) as- usually extending from an anterior protrusion under the signed to the tribe Eumaeini (sensu Eliot, 1973). Field seventh abdominal segment ventrad past the seventh (1%7a, 196%) revised Calycopis and Calystryma, includ- abdominal spiracles. To accommodate the spiracles there ing 21 species of Calycopis from the Nearctic and Neo- is usually an incised notch or opening. tropical realms, and 13 Neotropical Calystryma species. In his revisionary work, Field obtained only Since Field obtained only limited Argentine samples limited samples from Argentina. He listed no Calystryma and treated few taxa south of Brazil and Bolivia, John- from Argentina, and in Calycopis located only 48 Argen- son, Eisele and MacPherson (1988, in press) have studied tine specimens, 46 of which he identified as C. chacona Kurt Johnson: Tergissima and Femniterga Pages 28-42 Vol. 2, no. 1, March 1988 Jorgensen from northwestern Argentina. The remaining Eisele; Philip Ackery and Richard Vane-Wright (for two specimens represented %. indiqo (Druce) from ex- British Museum, Natural History); John E. Rawlins; Lee treme northeastern Argentina. D. and Jacqueline Y. Miller (for AUyn Museum of Ento- In 1984, the American Museum of Natural History mology); M. Ajmat de Toledo (for Instituto Miguel Lillo, (AMNH) acquired most of the Bruce MacPherson col- Tucuman, Argentina); G. Bernardi and Jacques Pierre lection of Argentine Theclinae. Subsequently, large (for Museum National &Histoire Naturelle) and J. Bol- samples of Argentine Theclinae were added by Robert ling Sullivan, 111 (Duke University). Rev. Eisele also C. Eisele. The resulting sample included over five personally reviewed the final curated collection at the hundred specimens of the Calycopisl Calystrynla assem- AMNH to reconfirm association of males and females blage from some one hundred Argentine localities dis- and their habitat data. Charles A. Bridges (University of tributed from La Rioja Province north to the Bolivian Illinois) graciously gave access to his computer bibliog- border. Additional material available for study was con- raphy concerning Eumaeini nomenclature compiled sulted, including the Steinbach Bolivian material at the with Robert K. Robbins (National Museum of Natural Carnegie Museum of Natural History (CMNH), the ex- History, Smithsonian Institution). tensive Argentine material in the British Museum (Nat- ural History) (BMNH) collected near the turn of the Systematics century by such workers as Steinbach, Hayward and Knowledge of character polarity in Eumaeini Giocomelli, the collection of the Instituto Miguel Lillo, genera is limited. This results primarily because al- Tucuman, Argentina [IML], and material previously though 67 genera have been assigned to the tribe (Eliot, deposited at the Allyn Museum of Entomology (ME) 1973) over 750 species are still included in the large, het- by MacPherson and Eisele. From these collections,John- erogeneous "Thecla" grade (Bridges, 1986) and a still son, Eisele and MacPherson (1988, in press) identified larger number of taxa remain undescribed. Consequent- all the specimens except 58 as various described or un- ly, interrelations among groups regarded as monophy- described species of Calycopis or Calystyma. The other letic by various authors are poorly known and the task specimens, though somewhat similar to Calycopis or still remains to define monophyletic terminal assem- Calystrynla in general features, immediately attracted at- blages from which future phylogenetic study can tention because of forewing markings on males sugges- proceed. tive of secondary sexual brands. Such males (and Calycopis and Calystyma are undoubtedly part of females subsequently associated by wing pattern, col- a larger infratribal monophyletic assemblage in the lection data, and personal review of the specimens and Eumaeini. Considering the composition of the tribe, this their data by Eisele) differ remarkably from Calycopis assemblage probably has at least Holarctic and Neo- and Calystrynla in genitalic structure and also have tropical distributions. At present it is doubtful whether unique specializations of the eighth tergite, including the immediate cladistic outgroups of Calycopis and Caly- tergal modification in some females as well as males. It strynla can be determined with certainty to allow their is apparent from a review of taxa presently placed in the study in a phylogenetic context. A number of groups tribe Eumaeini (Johnson, MacPherson and Ingraham, variously resembling Calycopis and Calystyma, both 1986) that these unusual specimens cannot be con- new and from within the Thecla grade, require descrip- sidered congeneric with Calycopis, Calystryrna, or any tion before an adequate range of taxa and character known Eumaeini genus. The purpose of this paper is to states are available for cladistic evaluation. describe two new genera to include these new taxa and Johnson, MacPherson and Ingraham (1986), in de- discuss them in relation to Calycopis, Calystynla and scribing another new eumaeine genus from western other eumaeine taxa. Argentina, have listed taxa examined of the Eumaeini including 359 species of 58 Holarctic and Neotropical Acknowledgements genera, 115 apparently undescribed taxa, and taxa of John N. Eliot (Taunton, United Kingdom), John E. Calycopis and Calystryrna. Their listing includes types Rawlins (Carnegie Museum of Natural History), Robert and type species examined. These examined taxa serve C. Eisele (Jujuy, Argentina), Frederick H. Rindge as the basis here for description of two additional new (AMNH), and three anonymous reviewers of the eumaeine genera. As indicated in Table I and the Ap AMNH publications committee kindly reviewed drafts pendix, these new genera have characters clearly sug- of this manuscript. Each made helpful suggestions. The gesting affinity to Calycopis and Calystrynla but also following persons contributed to the material examin- characters which are unique. The new genera also ap- ed: Bruce MacPherson (Salta, Argentina); Robert C. pear to have primarily austral Neotropical distributions. Kurt Johnson:Tergissima and Femniterga Pages 2&Q 30 INSECTA MUNDI Vol. 2, no. 1, March 1988 Thus, pending future
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