Land Opposite the Bungalow, Padnal, Littleport, Cambridgeshire

Land opposite The Bungalow, Padnal, Littleport, Cambridgeshire

Client: Mr. Trevor Buckley

Date: August 2017 ECB 5149 Archaeological Evaluation Report SACIC Report No. 2017/65 Author: Linzi Everett © SACIC

HER Information

Site Code: ECB 5149

Site Name: Land opposite The Bungalow, Padnal, Littleport

Report Number 2017/65

Planning Application No: 16/01725/OUT

Date of Fieldwork: 10th-11th July 2017

Grid Reference: TL 5734 8623

Oasis Reference: 287892

Curatorial Officer: Gemma Stewart (CCC/HET)

Project Officer: Linzi Everett

Client/Funding Body: Trevor Buckley

Client Reference: N/A

Digital report submitted to Archaeological Data Service: http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/library/greylit

Disclaimer Any opinions expressed in this report about the need for further archaeological work are those of Suffolk Archaeology CIC. Ultimately the need for further work will be determined by the Local Planning Authority and its Archaeological Advisors when a planning application is registered. Suffolk Archaeology CIC cannot accept responsibility for inconvenience caused to the clients should the Planning Authority take a different view to that expressed in the report.

Prepared By: Linzi Everett Date: August 2017 Approved By: ******************* Position: ******************* Date: ******************* Signed: *******************

Contents

Summary

1. Introduction 1

2. Geology and topography 1

3. Archaeology and historical background 1

4. Methodology 3

5. Results 3

7. Discussion 17

8. Archive deposition 18

9. Bibliography 18

List of Figures Figure 1. Location of site, showing development area and HER entries 2 Figure 2. Trench location plan showing projected ECB750 projected ditches 4 Figure 3. Trench 1, plan and section 6 Figure 4. Trench 2, plan and sections 7 Figure 5. Trench 3, plan and sections 8 Figure 6. Trench 4, plan and sections 10 Figure 7. Trench 5, plan and sections 11

List of Tables Table 1. Finds quantities 12 Table 2. Quantification of CBM and fired clay 13 Table 3. Quantification of flint 14

List of Plates

Plate 1. Trench 1, looking NE 19 Plate 2. Trench 4, looking SW 19 Plate 3. S – N section through ditch 0019 19 Plate 4. Trench 4 soil profile, showing oblique section through ditch 0019 19 Plate 5. NNW – SSE section through ditch 0011, Trench 4 20 Plate 6. Trench 5 soil profile, showing oblique section through ditch 0024 20 Plate 7. NE – SW section through pit 0006, Trench 1 20

List of Appendices Appendix 1. WSI and Brief Appendix 2. Context List Appendix 3. Catalogue of pottery Appendix 4. Bulk finds catalogue Appendix 5. Oasis form

Summary An archaeological evaluation was carried out on land opposite The Bungalow, Padnal, Littleport as a condition on a planning application relating to a proposed housing development. Five 20m long trenches were excavated, identifying a number of linear features and a single pit, none of which produced any secure dating evidence, although a fragment of probable Roman building material provided a terminus post quem for the upper fill of a large east-west orientated ditch identified in two of the trenches. The features observed are likely to be associated with a series of linears identified during an evaluation immediately east of the site in 2002.

1. Introduction

An archaeological evaluation was carried out on land opposite The Bungalow, Padnal, Littleport, Cambridgeshire (Fig. 1) as a condition of planning application 16/01725/OUT, to assess the impact of a proposed small scale housing development. The site is centred on grid reference TL 5734 8623, around 3m above Ordnance Datum. The work was carried out according to a Written Scheme of Investigation prepared by John Craven of Suffolk Archaeology CIC (SACIC) which adheres to a Brief issued by Gemma Stewart of Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Team (CCC/HET, Appendix 1) and was commissioned and funded by Trevor Buckley.

2. Geology and topography

Littleport occupies an area of relatively high ground in East Cambridgeshire, c.6km north of Ely, on the River Great Ouse and surrounded by low-lying fenland. The proposed development area is a flat, grassed site bounded housing to the north-east and by open farmland on the south-east and south-west. To the north-west, the site fronts a lane called Padnal.

The geology of the area is recorded as superficial deposits of Oadby Member diamicton, overlying sedimentary mudstone bedrock of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (BGS 2016).

3. Archaeology and historical background

The proposed development lies within an area considered to have high potential for archaeological deposits, as outlined in the CCC/HET Brief (Appendix 1). A search of the Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record within a 1km radius of the site was carried out and supplied with the Brief. This identified 52 monument records, 19 fieldwork records and six listed buildings, with entries ranging in date from the Neolithic to modern periods. The closest fieldwork record is ECB750, immediately adjacent to the site, where a number of linears, pits and post holes were recorded during the investigation. Whilst these features were undated, they are thought likely to be Prehistoric in date due to artefact evidence of Prehistoric occupation in the surrounding area. Most other fieldwork in the search area has occurred on the higher ground to the north-west and within Littleport village.

1 A Norfolk

A B SUFFOLK

Essex

0 25 km 0 2 km 5 5 5 5 5 57 57 56 56 57 400 000 200 600 ECB4815 800 286800 B ECB138 ECB2971 N ECB4581 ECB2858

ECB4498

286400 ECB1356 ECB750

ECB4736

Site

ECB2971 286000

285600

285200

Crown Copyright and database rights 2017 OS 100019980 0 600m TL Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2017 Figure 1. Location of site, showing development area (red) and HER (green).

2 4. Methodology

Five trenches, each measuring 20x by 1.6m wide, were excavated with a 360° tracked mechanical excavator fitted with a toothless ditching bucket, under the direction of an experienced archaeologist (Fig. 2). The topsoil and any overburden were removed to expose the natural strata below, with the upcast soil being examined and metal detected for finds. In addition, ninety litres of each deposit was separated and examined for finds.

Following excavation, the trenches were described and their soil profiles were cleaned by hand and recorded. Potential archaeological deposits were also cleaned by hand, investigated and recorded. All deposits were assigned individual context numbers using a unique continuous numbering system (Appendix 2). All recording was carried out using SACIC pro forma sheets with all sections drawn at a scale of 1:20 and plans drawn at a scale of 1:50, both on plastic drawing film. A photographic record was made using a high resolution digital camera and the trenches and any archaeological deposits were located and heights above Ordnance Datum obtained using an RTK GNSS surveying system (Leica GS08+).

Site data has been input onto an MS Access database and recorded using the CHET event number ECB 5149. An OASIS form has been completed for the project (reference no. 287892, Appendix 3) and a digital copy of the report submitted for inclusion on the Archaeology Data Service database (http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/ library/greylit). The site archive will be kept at the SACIC office in Needham Market until it is deposited with the Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Team.

5. Results

A uniform topsoil layer was removed from each trench, measuring between 0.3m and 0.4m thick. This dark brown loamy sandy clay contained occasional fragments of modern ceramic building material (CBM) and occasional small stones. The naturally occurring subsoil was a pale-mid orangey brown sandy clay with some orange gravelly clay patches. 90 litres of this topsoil was sorted at the end of each trench in order to retrieve finds. For the purposes of this report, only two of the assemblages from topsoil sorting are described in the finds report, as representative examples. No pre-modern material was recovered from trenches 3, 4 or 5.

3 605 N

521

Tr.2 807

Tr.1

Tr.5 811-819 4 809 Tr.3

Tr.4

0 25m Plan Scale 1:500 Crown Copyright and database rights 2017 OS 100019980

Figure 2. Trench location plan showing ECB5149 trenches and features (black) and ECB750 projected ditches (grey)

Trench 1 (Figure 3, Plate 1) was SW-NE aligned, with an average topsoil depth of 0.4m directly over the natural subsoil. One feature was observed, 0006, a small, shallow circular post hole filled by an orange sandy clay mixed with charcoal and containing fragments of CBM likely to date to between the late medieval and post-medieval period. A modern field drain was also recorded in the trench. This could be seen cutting the topsoil and had vertical sides. The landowner had also indicated the presence of a field drain in this approximate location.

Trench 2 (Figure 4) was NW-SE aligned, with topsoil averaging 0.32m deep sealing 0016, a 0.1m thick layer of mid-pale yellow brown mottled clay sand layer with occasional charcoal flecks. A single ditch was recorded in this trench, cutting subsoil layer 0016. Ditch 0008 was NW-SE aligned and measured c.0.82m wide and c.0.4m deep. Two fills were recorded. Basal fill 0010 was a friable orangey grey sandy silty clay, with occasional chalk flecks, sealed by 0009, a dark orangey grey compact clay. No finds were recovered from either fill.

Trench 3 (Figure 5) was NNW-SSE aligned, with topsoil measuring between 0.3m and 0.4m thick over a layer of mid-pale yellow brown mottled clay sand subsoil c.0.12m thick. Three ditches were recorded, each cutting subsoil layer 0036. 0027 was a NE-SW aligned narrow, shallow ditch with a rounded profile, measuring 0.82m wide and up to 0.2m deep. Its basal fill, 0028, was a dark grey silty clay sealed by a thinner layer of mid grey silty clay, 0029. No finds were recovered from this ditch. 0030 was an E-W aligned ditch, c.1.1m wide and up to 0.4m deep with a generally rounded profile but slightly irregular base. Its basal fill, 0031, was a dark grey compact clay, sealed by 0032, a pale grey silty clay. No finds were recovered from either of these fills. 0033 was a large, E-W aligned ditch, c.1.5m wide and up to 0.6m deep. It had steeply sloping sides and a generally flat base. Two fills were identified, a basal fill, 0034, which was a compact mid blueish grey clay, under 0035, a dark brown compact and slightly humic clay which broke into large lumps as though unconsolidated. A large animal bone in 0035 was the only find recovered from this ditch.

5 N N

Tr.1

0 25m

0006

S.1 NE SW 2.27m OD

0007 0006

field drain

Tr.1

0 5m

Plan Scale 1:100 Stone 0 1.00m 2.00m

Section Scale 1:40

Figure 3. Trench 1, plan and section.

6 N N

Tr.2

0 25m

S.2

0008 S.3

S.2 S.3 N S NE SW 1.95m OD 2.36m OD 0002 0009 0010 0009 0016 0008 0010 0008

0 1.00m 2.00m 0 5m Stone Plan Scale 1:100 Section Scale 1:40

Figure 4. Trench 2, plan and sections

7 N N

Tr.3

0 25m

S.12 S.13 SE NW NW SE 2.15m OD 1.76m OD 0028 0003 0027 0027 0029 0036 0028 0027 S.13 S.15 S.12 N S 1.69m OD 0031 0030 S.14 0030 S.14 S.15 SE NW

0003 S.17 0032 0036 0033 S.16 N S 0031 1.66m OD 0030 S.17 0035 0034

0033

S.16 SE NW 2.03m OD

0003

0036 0035

0034

0033

0 1.00m 2.00m 0 5m

Plan Scale 1:100 Section Scale 1:40

Figure 5. Trench 3, plan and sections

Trench 4 (Figure 6, Plate 2) was NW-SE aligned with topsoil which measured between 0.3m and 0.4m thick. Two ditches were identified in the northern end of this trench, both of which cut the thin subsoil layer sealed by the topsoil. 0011 was a narrow ditch c.0.84m wide and 0.26m deep with steep sides and a generally flat base which was uneven in places. 0013 was a thin layer of compact mid grey clay in the base of the ditch cut, under 0012, a compact mid grey brown sandy clay with occasional charcoal flecks. No dating evidence was recovered from the ditch. 0019 was a large, E-W aligned ditch with very similar dimensions, profile and fills to ditch 0033 in Trench 3. One fragment of CBM was recovered from its upper fill, 0023, and may be of Roman date.

Trench 5 (Figure 7) was WSW-ENE aligned with topsoil which measured between 0.2m and 0.3m thick. Two ditches were excavated in this trench. 0017 was a shallow, narrow N-S aligned ditch with a rounded profile, which cut the subsoil layer 0037. It measured c.0.6m wide and although the excavated section was only 0.1m deep in the trench, it was visible up to 0.26m deep in the side of the trench. A single fill, 0018, was recorded in this ditch which was a mid grey brown sandy clay containing no finds. 0024 ran adjacent to, and almost parallel with 0017. It measured 0.9m wide and up to 0.3m deep with a profile which varied between rounded with a flat base and a steeply sided, open ‘v’ shaped profile. Its primary fill, 0026, was a pale-mid yellowish brown sandy clay which was sealed by 0025, a thin layer of dark blackish brown sandy clay rich in charcoal and small fragments of heat altered flint. An environmental sample was taken from this fill, the flot from which was lacking in useful identifiable material. The field drain noted in Trench 1 was also recorded in the eastern end of this trench.

9 N N

Tr.4

0 25m Tr.4

S.4 S.8

NW SE S.5 0011 0004

S.8 0015 0022 0015 0023 S.7 0021 0020 0019 0019

S.4 S.7 NNW SSE S N 1.54m OD 1.63m OD 0023 0012 0021 0013 0020 0011 0019

S.5 SE NW 2.14m OD

0004

0014 0015 0015 0012 0013 0011

0 1.00m 2.00m 0 5m

Plan Scale 1:100 Section Scale 1:40

Figure 6. Trench 4, plan and sections

10 N N

S.9 NW SE 2.36m OD Tr.5 0005

0037 0025 0026 S.6 NW SE 0024 2.34m OD Tr.5 0005 0037 0018 0037 S.9 field drain 0017 0 25m S.6 0024

S.10 0017

1 S.11

S.10 E W 0025 1.94m OD

0026 S.11 NE SW 0024 1.93m OD 0018 0017

0 1.00m 2.00m 0 5m

Plan Scale 1:100 Section Scale 1:40

Figure 7. Trench 5, plan and sections 6. Finds and environmental evidence Ioannis Smyrnaios

6.1 Introduction

The evaluation produced a variety of hand-collected finds, which derived from six contexts. The material is presented in Table 1 below and a more detailed catalogue is given in Appendix 1. Any additional material from soil samples is discussed in the sections below.

Ctxt Sample Pottery CBM PMed Bottle Animal Miscellaneous Spotdate Glass Bone No. Wt/g No. Wt/g No. Wt/g No. Wt/g 0001 1 1 2 36 1 20 Iron Nails: 1 - 3g; Clay . Modern Pipe: 2 - 1g; Pmed Glass Window: 1 - 5g; Charcoal: 3 - 1g; Modern hose clip: 1 - 18g; Asbestos: 1 - 11g; 0002 2 4 1 1 2 5 Conglomerate: 3 - 47g; Pmed, Charcoal: 1 - 1g; Worked flint: 2 - 8g 0007 1 4 P-med 0023 1 13 ?Roman 0025 1 Heat-affected flint and Undated stone, animal bone 0035 1 224 Total 3 5 5 54 3 25 1 224 Table 1. Finds quantities

6.2 The Pottery

(With identifications by Richenda Goffin)

The pottery from the site numbers three sherds weighing 5 grams in total. The material is presented in Appendix 2. More specifically, the topsoil layer 0001 over Trench 1 produced a small rim from a late post-medieval refined white earthenware (REFW) weighing a gram. The sherd is likely to be from a plate of shallow bowl, 20 cm in rim diameter, and its internal surface carries thin transfer-printed decoration. The decoration consists of a golden (faded to yellow) Greek-style meander motif running between two parallel red lines (currently faded to purple). The topsoil layer 0002 over Trench 2 produced two small sherds: a Roman Nene Valley sherd from a dark-brown colour- coated fineware (NVC), weighing a gram and dating between the 2nd and 4th centuries AD; and a post-medieval Refined white earthenware in poor condition, weighing 2 grams and dating between the 18th and 20th centuries.

12 6.3 CBM and fired clay

(With identifications by Richenda Goffin)

The evaluation produced five pieces of CBM and fired clay weighing 54 grams in total. The material is presented by context order in Table 2 including a short description of fabrics.

Ctxt Fabric Fabric description Period Form No. Wt/g Notes fine sandy with chalk 0001 fscm and mica Pmed UN 1 2 very small piece part from the fine sandy with large corner of a brick, 0001 fsg coarse grog Pmed LB 1 34 18th-20th c. fine sandy with sparse 0002 fsf flint Pmed UN 1 1 very small piece fine sandy with clay 0007 fscp pellets Lmed-Pmed UN 1 4 very small piece fine sandy with clay 0023 fscpc pellets and chalk Rom? RBT? 1 13 Table 2. Quantification of CBM and fired clay

According to the table, topsoil layer 0001 over Trench 1 produced two pieces of post- medieval CBM: a tiny undiagnostic fragment and a piece from a late brick (LB) dating between the 18th and 20th century. The topsoil layer 0002 over Trench 2 produced a tiny undiagnostic fragment of post-medieval date and pit fill 0007 in Trench 1 produced a similar undiagnostic piece, the fabric of which is likely to date between the late medieval and post-medieval period. Finally, ditch fill 0023 in Trench 4 produced a small fragment of possible Roman brick or tile.

6.4 Struck flint

(With identifications by Michael Green)

The site produced two flakes of struck flint weighing 8 grams, both coming from topsoil layer 0002 in Trench 2. The material is presented in Table 4 below. According to the table, the only datable flake is a small scraper with slight retouch, which is likely to be of Bronze Age date.

13 Ctxt Samp. Type Patination Cortex Comments Date No. Wt(g) 0002 scraper none 5% slight retouch BA? 1 7 0002 flake none 25% small flake 1 1 Table 3. Quantification of flint

6.5 Burnt flint and heat- altered stone

The site produced a total of 1,224 grams of burnt flint deriving from Sample 1, from ditch fill 0025 in Trench 5. All burnt flint is in poor condition, consisting of numerous tiny fragments. The same sample produced 37 small pieces of burnt quartzite weighing 90 grams.

6.6 Clay tobacco pipe

Two very small joining pieces from a clay tobacco pipe weighing a gram, derived from topsoil layer 0001 in Trench 1. Both pieces come from the stem, the perforation of which is 2mm in diameter. The pipe dates to sometime between the 17th and 19th century AD.

6.7 Iron

The evaluation produced two iron objects, both deriving from topsoil layer 0001 in Trench 1. More specifically, the context produced an iron nail with part of the head and broken tip, carrying moderate encrustation along its shank. The surviving part of the nail is 5.3 cm, weighing 3 grams. The second object is a modern iron hose retainer clip, weighing 18 grams.

6.8 Post-medieval glass

The site produced three pieces of post-medieval vessel glass weighing 25 grams in totals. More specifically, one piece of thick curved glass weighing 20 grams, derived from topsoil layer 0001 in Trench 1. Topsoil layer 0002 in Trench 2 produced two pieces of bottle glass weighing 4 grams. The first piece (3 grams) comes from the base of a bottle that used to be 7 cm in base diameter, and the second piece (2 grams) is probably from the shoulder of another bottle, which carried moulded decoration of short vertical grooves. All pieces most likely date to the 20th century.

14 Topsoil layer 0001 in Trench one produced another piece of post-medieval window glass weighing 5 grams which is likely to be modern.

6.9 Miscellaneous finds

6.9.1 Charcoal

The site produced four pieces of charcoal weighing 2 grams in total, all deriving from topsoil deposits. More specifically, topsoil layer 0001 produced three pieces weighing a gram, and layer 0002 produced another piece weighing a gram. All pieces of charcoal are of substantial mass and are most likely to be associated with modern activities.

6.9.2 Conglomerate

Topsoil layer 0002 in Trench 2 produced three pieces of an unknown conglomerate weighing 47 grams. The conglomerate is roughly 17 mm thick and was originally thought to be slag; however, its analysis under x20 magnification revealed that the main constituent of the conglomerate is a fibrous and elastic substance, the colour of which ranges between bright red and white depending on the surface. This elastic substance has bond with sand and various other organic elements of the soil, resulting to a relatively flat yet irregular shape. It is likely that the conglomerate relates to some modern chemical glue or other polymer, which dried under natural conditions.

6.10 Animal bone

The evaluation produced a large piece of animal bone weighing 224 grams, which derived from ditch fill 0035 in Trench 3. The bone is part of the shaft of a legbone, probably the tibia of a cow or horse. The surface of the bone has been affected by deposition, resulting to a dark brown colour.

In addition, Sample 1 from ditch fill 0025 in Trench 5 produced ten small fragments of animal bone weighing a gram in total. The bone from Sample 1 is fragmentary and in poor condition; therefore, it cannot provide any useful information.

15 6.11 Plant macrofossils

Anna West

Introduction and methods

A single 40-litre bulk sample was taken from the undated ditch fill 0025 during the evaluation. The sample was processed in full in order to assess the preservation of any plant remains present and their potential to provide useful data as part of the archaeological investigations.

The sample was processed using manual water flotation/washover and the flot was collected in a 300 µm mesh sieve. The dried flot was scanned using a binocular microscope at x10 magnification and the presence of any plant remains or artefacts are noted below. Identification of plant remains is with reference to the New Flora of the British Isles (Stace, 1997).

The non-floating residue was collected in a 1 mm mesh and sorted when dry. All artefacts/ecofacts were retained for inclusion in the finds total. The residue was also scanned with a magnet to retrieve any hammerscale or ferrous spheroids present.

Results

The majority of the flot volume was made up of fibrous rootlets; this material was considered to be modern and intrusive within the archaeological context sampled. Once the larger root fragments were removed prior to examination, the remaining flot volume was relatively small at 100 ml.

Preservation of the plant macrofossils present was poor. Only wood charcoal fragments were present and they were rare and highly comminuted, making them unsuitable for species identification or radiocarbon dating. No other charred plant remains were present within this sample.

Uncharred weed seeds were also very rare, with only a couple of goosefoot family (Chenopodiaceae) specimens being observed. Although these seeds are very robust, as those present were neither charred, mineralized or abraded, they are most likely to represent material from the background soil seed bank, being intrusive within the archaeological context sampled.

16 Discussion and recommendations for further work

The flot recovered from the sample taken during this evaluation was poor in terms of identifiable material. It is not recommended that any further work should be carried out on this sample.

If further interventions are planned on this site, however, bulk sampling should be carried out on any well-sealed and well-dated contexts in an attempt to provide useful insight into the utilisation of local plant resources, agricultural activity and economic evidence for this site.

6.12 Discussion of material evidence

The majority of bulk finds from the site derived from two topsoil deposits over Trenches 1 and 2, and consisted for the most part of a variety of post-medieval and modern artefacts.

The exceptions to this are a small scraper of possible Bronze Age date and a sherd of Roman colour-coated ware, both of which were found in the topsoil in Trench 2. The fill 0023 of ditch 0019 in Trench 4 contained a small fragment of ceramic building material with a fabric which could be Roman, whilst the upper fill 0025 of ditch 0024 in Trench 5 contained many small fragments of heat-altered stone, which were present in the environmental sample, but which cannot be dated. Examination of the plant macrofossils from this sample revealed only the presence of sparse and poorly preserved charcoal fragments.

7. Discussion

The evaluation exposed a number of undated ditches, sealed by a thick layer of topsoil. A very similar pattern of features was recorded during an evaluation immediately east of this proposed development site (ECB750), and the two sites are likely to represent elements of the same field system or sequence of field systems. However, it was not possible to confidently link all of the previously recorded ditches with those recorded here, but ditch 0027 in Trench 3 seemed to match the location and orientation of extrapolated ditch 521 from site ECB750 (Figure 2).

0019 in Trench 4 and 0033 in Trench 3 are likely to be parts of the same ditch, given how similar they look in terms of both fill and alignment. Upper fills 0035 and 0023 are particularly distinctive fills which appear in both excavated sections, and which may represent a later deposit settled into the top of a partially filled ditch as the material seems less consolidated and fairly humic by contrast to the heavily leached deposits below. A fragment of possible CBM in fill 0023 could be redeposited, but at least gives a terminus post quem for the fill of that part of the feature.

In each trench, agricultural activity was evident to at least the depth of any subsoil layer, between 0.3 and 0.4m deep. Features below this are likely to have been truncated by deep ploughing and drainage work, with the possibility that shallower features could have been lost completely. Sampling the topsoil of each trench recovered a very low density of pre-modern finds, specifically two struck flints and a sherd of Roman pottery, suggesting that insignificant quantities of material culture have been ploughed out, if agricultural damage has occurred.

8. Archive deposition

The site archive will be kept at the SACIC office in Needham Market until it is deposited with the Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Team.

9. Bibliography

BGS, 1st November 2016, Information obtained from http://www.bgs.ac.uk/products/digital maps/ data_625k.html and reproduced with the permission of the British Geological Survey ©NERC. All rights Reserved

Stace, C., 1997, New Flora of the British Isles, second edition (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).

Plate 1. Trench 1, looking NE. 1m scales Plate 2. Trench 4, looking SW. 1m scale

Plate 3. S – N section through ditch 0019. 1m scale

Plate 4. Trench 4 soil profile, showing oblique section through ditch 0019. Looking NE. 1m scale

19 Plate 5. NNW – SSE section through ditch 0011, Trench 4. 40cm scale

Plate 6. Trench 5 soil profile, showing oblique section through ditch 0024. Looking NW. 1m scale

Plate 7. NE – SW section through pit 0006, Trench 1. 40cm scale

20 Appendix 1. Brief Design Brief for Archaeological Evaluation

BRIEF FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVALUATION Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Team

Site: Land Opposite The Bungalow, Padnal, Littleport

Planning Application: 16/01725/OUT

Company: Jenson Estates Limited

Location: NGR TL 5734 8623

This design brief is only valid for six months after the date of issue. After this period the Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Team (CHET) should be contacted. Any specifications resulting from this brief will only be considered for the same period. Please note that this document is written for archaeological project managers to facilitate the production of an archaeological specification of work; the term project manager is used to denote the archaeological project manager only.

The project manager is strongly advised to visit the site before completing their specification, as there may be implications for accurately costing the project. Historic environment data from the Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record (CHER) is attached to this brief, but further contact with the CHER for specific information is recommended. Any response to this brief should follow CIfA Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Field Evaluations, 2014.

NO FIELDWORK MAY COMMENCE UNTIL WRITTEN APPROVAL OF A SPECIFICATION HAS BEEN ISSUED BY THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT TEAM

1.0 SITE DESCRIPTION

1.1 The development is located on the eastern edge of Littleport, approximately 210m to the west of Sandy’s or Sandall’s Cut on Kimmeridge Clay formation and Oadby Member geology at roughly 3m AOD.

1.2 Adjacent to the site an archaeological investigation was conducted in 2002 (Historic Environment Record reference ECB750). This demonstrated evidence of later drainage, which is of no significance, however, numerous linears, pits and post holes, as yet undated, were also revealed. In addition, surrounding the application area is artefact evidence of Prehistoric occupation (for example, 07214), which may suggest that these undated features are Prehistoric in date.

1.3 The results of a CHER search are attached in map and pdf report format. Due to the large amount of data included in the area, this data can also be supplied in a GIS format (MapInfo TAB. or ESRI ArcGIS shapefile SHP.) at no further cost. If you would like to receive this data, please complete and return the attached GIS licence form (stating the responsible officer and which GIS format you require) to the CHER either by email or post; email and address details are included on the form. Reproduction of spatial data by any other means is not recommended.

2.0 DEVELOPMENT DESCRIPTION AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1 The development is for the erection of 9 dwellings with access and layout for approval.

2.2 Due to the high archaeological potential of the site, a condition has been placed on planning consent requiring a scheme of archaeological work to be undertaken at the site. The first phase of this work will be an archaeological evaluation to assess the nature and potential of the site. This brief deals solely with the evaluation phase.

June 6, 2017 1 Design Brief for Archaeological Evaluation

2.3 The evaluation should include a suitable level of documentary research, including further consultation with information held in the CHER as necessary, to set the results in their geographical, topographical, archaeological and historical context.

2.4 The required scheme shall include a field evaluation of the application area.

Non-intrusive methods

2.5 Aerial photographic assessment is not required for this site.

2.6 Geophysical survey is not required for this site.

Intrusive methods

2.7 The evaluation should include a programme of linear trial trenching, or test-pitting in confined areas, to adequately sample the development area. The following sample percentage is provided as a guide: 5% with contingency for judgemental trench use, should this prove necessary in the field. Archaeological features within the trenches will be sufficiently excavated to conform to section 3.0 below.

2.8 The artefact contents of the ploughsoil and any lower soil horizons should be examined as part of the evaluation and the field data quantified and spatially illustrated within the report. If the field conditions are not conducive for fieldwalking, a bucket sampling or test pit programme should be conducted, whereby 90 litres of spoil is hand sorted for each soil horizon encountered. Bucket sampling points should occur at each end of trenches that are less than 50m in length, or at trench ends and mid-point of 50m and longer trenches. Unstratified artefacts should be sought and recovered from trench spoil heaps.

2.9 The use of metal detectors on site to aid the recovery of artefacts is required. The detector should not be set to discriminate against iron.

2.10 All features must be investigated and recorded unless otherwise agreed with CHET. Investigation slots through all linear features must be no less than 1m in width. Discrete features must be half-sectioned or excavated in quadrants where they are large or found to be deep. The use of a hand held auger (or a power auger where appropriate) is recommended to gain information from very deep deposits should be available in the staff tool kit.

3.0 OBJECTIVES

Character and Significance

3.1 The evaluation should aim to determine, the location, extent, date, character, condition, significance and quality of any surviving archaeological remains liable to be threatened by the proposed development. An adequate representative sample of all areas where archaeological remains are potentially threatened should be studied.

3.2 The evaluation results will be used to: a) determine the character, date, condition and significance of the archaeological resource, b) define the nature and extent of any mitigation works that may be required.

3.3 The mitigation of construction impacts to archaeological remains identified during this evaluation will be outlined in a further design brief for archaeological investigation.

June 6, 2017 2 Design Brief for Archaeological Evaluation

Environment, Economy and Industry

3.4 Particular study of the following should occur: i. presence/absence of palaeosols and old land surface soils/deposits, ii. the character of deposits and their contents within negative features iii. palaeochannels iv. site formation processes generally.

3.5 Buried soils and associated deposits should be inspected on site by a suitably qualified geoarchaeologist whose advice should be sought as to whether soil micromorphology or other analytical techniques will enhance understanding of depositional processes and transformations at the site. If so, suitable samples should be taken from relevant deposits or features for assessment and inclusion in the report.

3.6 The assessment of the potential to inform on the general environmental and dietary evidence of the inhabitants of the site through examination of suitable deposits must also be arranged with a suitably qualified specialist. Attention should be paid to: i. the retrieval of charred plant macro & microfossils, faunal remains and land molluscs from former dry-land palaeosols and cut features, ii. the retrieval of plant macro & microfossils, insect, faunal remains, molluscs, pollen and other biological remains from waterlogged deposits located; iii. provision for the absolute dating of critical contacts should be made: eg the basal contacts of peats over former dryland surfaces; distinct landuse or landmark change in urban contexts.

3.7 The evaluation should also carefully consider the retrieval, characterisation and dating (including absolute dating) of artefact, burial or economic evidence to assist in the characterisation of the site’s evidence and in the development of future mitigation strategies.

3.8 The assessment of environmental & economic potential should follow advice in these and other guidance documents:

- Historic England, 2011, Environmental Archaeology: A Guide to the Theory and Practice of Methods, from Sampling and Recovery to Post-excavation (second edition). - Historic England, 2014, Animal Bones and Archaeology: Guidelines for Best Practice. - Historic England, 2015, Geoarchaeology: Using earth sciences to understand the archaeological record - Historic England, 2004, Human Bones from Archaeological Sites A guideline for best practice for producing human osteological assessments and analytical reports

3.9 The Project Manager & field team are also advised to consult the following guidance documents in order to provide an adequate strategy for the excavation, field treatment and conservation of any delicate organic materials:

Historic England, 2012, Waterlogged Organic Artefacts: Guidelines on Their Recovery, Analysis and Conservation; Historic England, 2010, Waterlogged Wood: Guidelines on the Recovery, Sampling, Conservation and Curation of Waterlogged Wood. Historic England, 2008, Investigative Conservation: Guidance on How the Detailed Examination of Artefacts from Archaeological Sites Can Shed Light on Their Manufacture and Use;

Reference to other specialist investigation and assessment methodologies for artefact studies should also occur.

Historic England, 2012, Waterlogged Organic Artefacts: Guidelines on Their Recovery, Analysis and Conservation; Historic England, 2008, Investigative Conservation: Guidance on How the Detailed Examination of Artefacts from Archaeological Sites Can Shed Light on Their Manufacture and Use;

June 6, 2017 3 Design Brief for Archaeological Evaluation

Historic England, 2010, Waterlogged Wood: Guidelines on the Recovery, Sampling, Conservation and Curation of Waterlogged Wood.

Reference to other specialist investigation and assessment methodologies should also occur.

3.10 The project manager must ensure that the results of palaeoenvironmental investigation, industrial residue assessments/analyses & scientific analyses are included in a full evaluation report and sent to the Historic England Science Advisor.

4.0 REQUIREMENTS

4.1 The evaluation must be undertaken by an archaeological team of recognised competence, fully experienced in work of this character and formally acknowledged by the CHET officers, advisors to the Local Planning Authority (LPA). Inclusion in the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists’ Register of Archaeological Organisations is recommended. Details, including the name, qualifications and experience, of the site director and all other key project personnel (including specialist staff) will be communicated to CHET within a specification of works, or Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI), which must be prepared by the archaeological contractor undertaking the programme. The specification must conform to the guidance in Historic England's MoRPHE publication (Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment, Historic England, 2006, reissued 2015). This specification must:

i. be supported by a research design which sets out the site specific objectives of the archaeological works.

ii. detail the proposed works as precisely as is reasonably possible, indicating clearly on plan their location and extent.

iii. provide a timetable for the proposed works including a “safety” margin in the event of bad weather or any other unforeseen circumstances that may effect this timetabling.

4.2 All aspects of the evaluation shall be conducted in accordance with • Chartered Institute for Archaeologists' Code of Conduct • Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Field Evaluations (CIfA 2014), • Standards for Field Archaeology in the East of England (EAA Occasional Paper 14). • Research and Archaeology Revisited: a revised framework for the East of England (EAA Occ. Paper No 24, 2011), to define research objectives.

4.3 Care must be taken in dealing with human remains and the appropriate guidance issued by the Ministry of Justice should be followed. Environmental health regulations must also be followed. The CHET officer must be informed immediately upon discovery of human remains. If found during an evaluation, the human remains can be left in situ, covered and protected when discovered, depending on the site circumstances and depths of cover soils. Where the reburial of revealed human remains would be considered detrimental to their survival, arrangements for their immediate excavation should be made to establish the date, condition and character of the burial. If removal is essential an exhumation licence should be requested from the MoJ.

4.4 Project Managers are reminded of the need to comply with the requirements of the Treasure Act 1996 (with subsequent amendments). Advice and guidance on compliance with Treasure Act issues can be obtained from the Finds Liaison Office of the Portable Antiquities Scheme at the Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Team office. Any finds that could be considered treasure under the terms of the Act made during the process of fieldwork should be immediately reported to the Finds Liaison Officer, so that it is properly reported to the appropriate Coroner within 14 days of discovery in line with the Treasure Act1.

1 Please see http://finds.org.uk/treasure for further information.

June 6, 2017 4 Design Brief for Archaeological Evaluation

4.5 Care must be taken in the siting of offices and other support structures in order to minimise impact on the environment. Extreme care must also be taken in the structure and maintenance of spoil heaps for the same reasons and to facilitate a high quality reinstatement. This is particularly important in relation to pastureland.

4.6 The archaeological project manager must satisfy themselves that all constraints to groundworks have been identified, including the siting of live services, Tree Preservation Orders and public footpaths. The CHET officers bear no responsibility for the inclusion or exclusion of such information within this brief.

4.7 Before commencing work the project manager must carry out a risk assessment and liaise with the site owner, client and CHET in ensuring that all potential risks are minimised. A copy of this must be given to CHET before the commencement of works.

5.0 REPORTS

5.1 The evaluation report should include a comprehensive assessment of the regional context and present well described, illustrated (including site and artefact/deposit photos) and tabulated archaeological evidence. It should highlight any relevant research objectives published in themed national and regional research frameworks.

5.2 The evaluation report should refer to the CHER evidence submitted with the brief.

5.3 The evaluation should provide a predictive model of surviving archaeological remains detailing zones of relative importance against known development proposals. Constraints to the evaluation should be clearly shown and explained. An impact assessment should also be provided.

5.4 If any areas of analysis from Section 3 (above) are not considered appropriate for inclusion the report will detail justification for their exclusion.

5.5 One hard or digital copy of the report, clearly marked DRAFT, should be prepared and presented to CHET within four weeks of the completion of site works unless there are reasonable grounds for more time. This report should conform to the format contained within the document HET Evaluation report guidance 2016 dealing with the production of archaeological evaluation reports. Copies can be obtained from the address below. CIfA Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Field Evaluation (2014) Annex 2.

5.6 CHET supports the national project: Online Access to the Index of Archaeological Investigations (OASIS III) project and requires archaeological contractors working in Cambridgeshire to support this initiative. In order that a record is made of all archaeological events within the county occurring through the planning system, the archaeological contractor is required to input details of this project online at the OASIS website2: The OASIS reference ID and completed Data Collection Form should be clearly presented in the relevant report. Any report that does not contain this information will not be approved.

5.7 Following acceptance, one hard copy of the approved evaluation report should be submitted to the CHER. The approved report in digital form should also be uploaded to the OASIS database within two weeks of approval. Note: Project Managers must ensure that sub-contracted specialist reports are uploaded at this time (e.g. geophysics and AP reports, geoarchaeological assessment reports).

2 http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/oasis

June 6, 2017 5 Design Brief for Archaeological Evaluation

6.0 ARCHIVE

6.1 The site archive specification should conform to the guidelines in MoRPHE (HE 2006, reissued 2015), eg section 2.5.3 and be deposited within the County’s archaeological archive storage facility (see 6.3) on completion of site analysis and any ensuing publication.

6.2 To assist with the creation and curation of the project’s archive, the Project Manager must contact the CHER office to obtain an Event number (ECB) at the outset of the project. CHER use this number as a unique identifier linking all physical and digital components of the archive. The unique event number must be clearly indicated on any specification received for this project. It should be shown on all paperwork created on site (context forms and plans etc), on relevant ensuing reports and on the OASIS data collection form.

6.3 Arrangements for the long term storage and deposition of all artefacts must be agreed with the landowner and CHER before or during the reporting stage. Transfer of title and the transfer of the ownership of the archive to the County Archive Facility or another local registered depository need to be arranged at this time, and the arrangements indicated in the evaluation report. The Project Manager should consult Deposition of archaeological archives in Cambridgeshire regarding the requirements for the deposition of the archive into the County Archive Facility at this web link: http://www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/info/20011/archives_archaeology_and_museums/318/arch aeology/2 .

6.4 The current archive deposition cost is £75 per box (or minimum £50 per archive). This combined charge covers accessioning and uplift (£15) together with a fee to provide for the long term storage (£60). Further details of charges for the use of the County Archive Facility can be found in Section 5 of the guidelines.

7.0 MONITORING & COMMUNICATING CHANGES

7.1 CHET officers are responsible for monitoring all archaeological work within Cambridgeshire and will need to inspect site works at an appropriate time during the fieldwork, and review the progress of excavation reports and/or archive preparation.

7.2 Trenches should not be backfilled without the approval of CHET. Further trenching or deposit testing may be a requirement of the site monitoring visit if unclear archaeological remains or geomorphological features present difficulties of interpretation, or to assist with the formulation of a mitigation strategy. Appropriate provision should be made for this eventuality. The project manager must inform CHET in writing at least one week in advance of the proposed start date for the project.

7.3 Any changes to the specifications that the project manager may wish to make after approval by this office should be communicated directly to CHET for approval.

7.4 CHET should be kept regularly informed about developments both during the site works and subsequent post-excavation work.

7.5 The archaeological advisory and planning role of Cambridgeshire County Council’s Historic Environment Team should be acknowledged in any report or publication generated by this project.

June 6, 2017 6 Design Brief for Archaeological Evaluation

As part of our desire to provide a quality service to all our clients we would welcome any comments you may have on the content or presentation of this design brief. Please address them to the author at the address below.

Gemma Stewart Historic Environment Team Growth & Economy Cambridgeshire County Council SH1011 Shire Hall Cambridge, CB3 0AP

June 6, 2017 7 If you require this data in a GIS format (at no extra charge), please complete the form on the following page and return to the Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record either by email or post. Our email and postal address details are listed on page overleaf.

Terms and Conditions for the Reproduction and Use of Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record digital data

Agreement

Cambridgeshire County Council agree to grant a non-exclusive licence to: (organisation or individual) ______for the reproduction and use of information supplied from the digital database known as the Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record and associated aerial photographic mapping (hereafter referred to as CHER).

Conditions

a) No adaptation, alteration or manipulation of the CHER digital dataset is permitted without prior agreement. b) This permission applies to the use of the information supplied for 12 months from the date of the licence. The start date of the licence is accepted to be the date you receive the CHER information as pdf documents. c) The permission is restricted to the licensee and cannot be assigned, transferred or sub-licenced without the prior written permission of Cambridgeshire County Council. d) The copyright of the CHER digital data should be acknowledged to Cambridgeshire County Council whenever they are reproduced.

Uses and Updates

a) The CHER information is supplied to assist the licensee with the provision of their services. It is supplied for guidance only, and is not the definitive dataset. b) The definitive dataset is held by CHER, and any disputes will be resolved using this dataset. c) Licensees are requested to supply updated or new CHER information to the definitive dataset for addition to the main record. d) Where applicable an update of the CHER will be supplied six months into the licence period. This will take the form of a complete dataset. Upon receipt, the previous dataset is to be deleted. e) Upon the expiry of the licence, all supplied data is to be deleted and supply media returned to CHER. If the licence is renewed an updated dataset will be provided.

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Breach

Failure to comply with any of the terms and conditions of this permission will be constructed as a material breach of these terms and conditions and will result in immediate termination of the licence, and the requirement to immediately return the dataset.

Disclaimer

CHER aims to provide an accurate data service. However, we cannot be held responsible for the accuracy of the CHER information, nor for decisions made following interpretation of the information supplied.

Address

Email: [email protected]

Postal: Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record Growth and Economy Box CC 1008 Shire Hall Cambridge CB3 0AP

If you have any queries, please contact us either by email or by phone.

Telephone: 01223 728569/728570

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Licence for the Reproduction and Use of CHER digital data

Permission is hereby granted to the named licensee, subject to the conditions outlined here and overleaf for use and reproduction of information supplied from the CHER

Licence No: 17-2900

Licensee (organisation): ______

Responsible Officer (individual): ______

Date Issued: _ _/_ _/_ _ _ _ (dd/mm/yyyy)

Expiry Date: _ _/_ _/_ _ _ _ (dd/mm/yyyy) 12 months from start date

Data format: ESRI (UK) Shapefile format MapInfo TAB. File format (please delete as appropriate)

Licence issued on behalf of Date Signed CCC by Ruth Beckley 25/05/2017 R Beckley

I accept the conditions of the licence as outlined above

Name Date Signed

- 3 - Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record 

Centred at: 557510,286231 Scale at A4: 1:12581 Date: 25/05/2017 © Crown copyright and database rights 2017 Ordnance Survey 100023205 Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record 

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Centred at: 557510,286231 Scale at A4: 1:12581 Date: 25/05/2017 © Crown copyright and database rights 2017 Ordnance Survey 100023205 Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record 

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Centred at: 557510,286231 Scale at A4: 1:12581 Date: 25/05/2017 © Crown copyright and database rights 2017 Ordnance Survey 100023205 Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record 

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Centred at: 557510,286231 Scale at A4: 1:12581 Date: 25/05/2017 © Crown copyright and database rights 2017 Ordnance Survey 100023205 Cambridgeshire Historic Environment Record 

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Centred at: 557510,286231 Scale at A4: 1:12581 Date: 25/05/2017 © Crown copyright and database rights 2017 Ordnance Survey 100023205 Cambridgeshire County Council Historic Environment Record 25/05/2017

HER Number Site Name Record Type 02090 Roman coin finds, Station Rd, Littleport Find Spot

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Findspot Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD Unstratified Find Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Original Record Number - 02090 Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 57 87 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1. A collection of 4 Roman minimi f ound in Station Rd, Littleport, together with a tiny piece of bronze of uncertain use with a raised cross and 4 raised pellets on one f ace.

Sources - None recorded

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB780 COIN (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) BRONZE

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 1 HER Number Site Name Record Type 07214 Late Bronze Age axe, Littleport Find Spot

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Findspot Bronze Age - 2500 BC to 701 BC Unstratified Find Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Original Record Number - 07214 Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 569 857 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 2. Late BA axe f ound in clay below peat. 1. "It belongs to a v ery well known ty pe with no loop, crescentic blade, and a shield-shaped depression, outlined by a bead, below the stop bridge." See photocopy on PRC.

Sources (1) Article in serial: Lethbridge et al 1940. PCAS 35 - check ref. PCAS 1940, 35, 93, p. 93 (2) Unpublished document: OS Corr 6in. OS Corr 6in (Fowler G), 1949

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB4724 AXE (TOOL) (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC) BRONZE

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 2 HER Number Site Name Record Type 07230 Roman pottery, White Hall Farm, Littleport Find Spot

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Evidence Findspot Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD Unstratified Find Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Original Record Number - 07230 Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 574 868 Administrative Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1. Roman sherds f ound at White Hall Farm. May be same as RN 07231.

Sources (1) Serial: Council for British Archaeology 1959. CBA Group 7 Bulletin 6. (2) Verbal communication: Mrs Williamson Information from finder.

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB4713 SHERD (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) POTTERY

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 3 HER Number Site Name Record Type 07231 Roman pottery, Littleport Find Spot

Location National Grid Reference TL 575 869 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1. Roman sherd, probably same as RN 07230 ?

Sources - None recorded

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB4767 SHERD (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) POTTERY

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 4 HER Number Site Name Record Type 07232 Wind pump, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Wind Pump Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (Possible) Active Original Record Number - 07232 Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 577 861 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description R1, Wind pump.

Sources (R1) Map: 1838. Tithe Map. Original in Cambridge University Library

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 5 HER Number Site Name Record Type 07233 Neolithic sickle find, Littleport Find Spot

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Findspot Neolithic - 4000 BC? to 2201 BC? Unstratified Find Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Original Record Number - 07233 Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 57 87 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1. Curv ed f lint sickle, f ound near Little Ouse Village, Littleport. Butt missing. Long narrow blade, caref ully f laked ov er both f aces. Vary ing degree of concav ity of one cutting edge. Hav e analogies in the Nordic culture prov ince and in the Swiss lake-dwellings. May hav e been used as grass-cutter. See sketch on PRC.

Sources (1) Article in serial: Clark G 1932 - 1934. PPS 7. , p. 67 - 81

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB4769 SICKLE (Neolithic - 4000 BC? to 2201 BC?) FLINT

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 6 HER Number Site Name Record Type 10214 Bronze Age axe, Littleport Find Spot

Location National Grid Reference TL 58 87 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1. Bronze axe f ound near Littleport, while digging celery . Rust-coloured patina.

Sources (1) Artifact: (2) Verbal communication: Mr DJ Taylor Information from finder: Bronze Age Axe, Littleport.

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB8396 AXEHEAD (1) (Bronze Age - 2500 BC to 701 BC) BRONZE

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 7 HER Number Site Name Record Type 10215 Medieval jetton, Littleport Find Spot

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Findspot Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD Unstratified Find Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Original Record Number - 10215 Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 58 87 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1. Jetton f ound in this area. Obv : picture of wolf or dog, purse in mouth (f or inscription see notes in Parish File) Rev : 3- stranded cross ly see within quatref oil border

Sources (1) Artifact: (2) Verbal communication: Mr DJ Taylor Information from finder: Bronze Age Axe, Littleport.

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB8397 TOKEN (1) (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD) METAL

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 8 HER Number Site Name Record Type 11726 Well at 3a Main Street, Littleport Monument Repav ing work rev ealed a well-shaf t that may date back to late mediev al times.

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Well 15th century to 20th century - 1401 AD? to 2000 Sub Surface Deposit AD? Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (Possible) Active Original Record Number - 11726 Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 568 867 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Found and recorded during repav ing work outside 3A Main Street, Littleport, a near-circular well lined at the top with local brick. Below this, its lining was of large f ieldstones f orming a slight hourglass shape. A lead pipe f ed into the well and a brick culv ert to carry ov erf lowing water led across Main Street. The well had been capped with large pale y ellow bricks. Capping and culv ert are 19th century , but the brick lining is earlier - possibly late mediev al or post mediev al. The street- f ront location is peculiar, suggesting a change in alignment or the f ormer presence of an empty plot.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Robinson, B. and Hinds, S. 17/05/1994. A Well In Main Street, Littleport. CCC Archaeological Field Unit Report

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities ECB1354 Observations at Main Street, Littleport, 1994 (Event - Intervention)

Associated Individuals/Organisations

zMonFullRpt Page 9 HER Number Site Name Record Type CB14890 Saint George's and Saint John's Church, Littleport Building

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Evidence Church 14th century to Modern - 1301 AD to 2050 AD Extant Building Chancel 15th century to Modern - 1401 AD to 2050 AD Nave 14th century to Modern - 1301 AD to 2050 AD Tower 15th century to Modern - 1401 AD to 2050 AD Aisle 15th century to Modern - 1401 AD to 2050 AD Aisle 15th century to Modern - 1401 AD to 2050 AD Chapel 15th century to Modern - 1401 AD to 2050 AD Vestry 19th century to Modern - 1801 AD to 2050 AD Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations DCB81 Active Listed Building 1127027 Church of St George 6 Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5660 8693 Administrative Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Consists of a chancel, N. organ chamber and v estry , S. chapel, celerestoried nav e, two N. aisles, N. porch, S. aisle, S. porch and a W. tower. The f abric was almost entirely rebuilt late in the C15 with the exception of the west bay of the N. arcade, which is C14 in date. In 1857 the church was drastically restored, when the N. aisle was rebuilt and enlarged and a second N. aisle was added. The v etry and organ chamber, which are eastward extensions of these aisles, are also modern. The whole church was re-roof ed at this time, the roof s are slated. The chancel has a modern east window of f iv e lights, and there are diagonal buttresses with three set-of f s. There is a window on the north and south of the chancel of three lights with cinquef oiled heads. The chancel opens to the S. chapel by a f our-centred arch with moulded caps and bases. There is a plain piscina in the chancel with f our-centred head, chamf ered, and a stone credence shelf . The chancel opens to the organ chamber by a modern two-centred arch. The chancel arch is f our-centred and of two orders; the outer order has continuous mouldings, and the inner shaf ts with moulded caps and bases. The f enestration of the S. chapel is similar to the lateral windows in the chancel. In the S. wall is a plain doorway with a f our-centred and chaf ered head. The chapel opens to the S. aisle by a f our-centred arch of two orders dy ing into the wall. The nav e has arcades of f our bay s, the arches of which are similar to the chancel arch except the W. bay on the north, which has an octagonal column and semi- octagonal respond with moulded caps and bases, supporting an arch of two orders, and is of C14 date. The clerestory has windows of two lights with cinquef oiled heads; the tracery on the north has been remov ed to the inner N. aisle, which is also clerestoried. The two-centred tower arch is of two orders with moulded caps and bases to the inner order of the responds. The two N. aisles terminate in a line with the west f ace of the tower. The arcade between the aisles is modernand similar to those of the nav e. The windows of the S. aisle are of three lights with cinquef oiled heads, without tracery , and date f rom the C15. The windows of the old N. aisle, which are similar, are now in the outer N. aisle, to which they were remov ed when the church was enlarged. The aisle buttresses hav e two set-of f s, those on the north being modern. The roof s are modern, but that of the nav e has eight wooden angels, which hav e lost their wings, attached to the bases of the intermediates. The S. porch is of C15 date with a f our-centred arch of two orders, the inner with moulded caps and bases. zMonFullRpt Page 10 The S. doorway has continuous mouldings. The N. porch is entirely modern. The tower is a f ine example of C15 design is of f our stages with an embattled parapet and angle buttresses with f our set-of f s. There is a stair turret at the S.E. angle reaching to the parapet, the upper part of which is semi-octagonal. There is a west window of three cinquef oiled lights in the second stage; the third stage has three two-light windows with cinquef oiled heads, and the parapet is of brick. There is no west doorway . There was f ormerly a passage running through the base of the tower f rom north to south, seperated f rom the church by a thin partition wall with a ringers gallery abov e; the north entrance is now completely blocked but the south still exists, though it has had a modern doorway and door inserted. The entrance to the tower stariway is by a door in the S.E. angle, which has a moulded arch and chamf ered jambs. The ringers' gallery has a C17 rail serv ing as a parapet on the east. The f ont is of C15 date with an octagonal bowl hav ing quatref oils in the panels.

Sources (1) Bibliographic reference: Pugh, R.B. (ed) 1953. The Victoria County History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely. Volume 4. Reprinted 1967, 99-101

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 11 HER Number Site Name Record Type CB15007 Undated features, Padnal, Littleport Monument Excav ations rev ealed a series of undated f eatures including ditches, pits and postholes.

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Ditch 19th century to 20th century - 1801 AD to 2000 AD Sub Surface Deposit Ditch Unknown date Sub Surface Deposit Pit Unknown date Sub Surface Deposit Post Hole Unknown date Sub Surface Deposit Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (Possible) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 57452 86255 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1. Trenching rev ealed undated ditches (drainage f eatures), with only one producing dated material dating to the 19/20th C AD, and others containing 20th C land drains. A number of undated pits and postholes were f ound.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Abrams, J. 2002. Drainage systems at Littleport, Padnal: An Archaeological Evaluation. CCC Archaeological Field Unit Report A199

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities ECB750 Evaluation at Padnal, Littleport, 2002 (Event - Intervention)

Associated Individuals/Organisations

zMonFullRpt Page 12 HER Number Site Name Record Type CB15677 Roman salt-working debris, The Hythe, Littleport Monument Excav ations rev ealed Romano-British salt-working debris, in particular briquetage, although no associated f eatures of this date were recorded.

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Salt Works Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD Find Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 56989 86964 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description

1. Excav ations rev ealed materials relating to Roman salt-production, in particular briquetage, within a lay er of mixed alluv ium/lev elling on the site. The pottery assemblage consistently indicates a later C4th date. No archaeological f eatures of Roman date were recorded. Archaeological works and spot f inds point to intensiv e Romano-British salt-working along the Old Crof t roddon, and the excav ations at Camel Road, whilst prov iding ev idence of tanks and other f eatures thought to relate to salt production, f ound little ev idence of briquetage associated with the process, and the site was interpreted as a water management area close to a larger settlement. The presence of large quantities of briquetage at the Hy the suggests f irmer ev idence of salt-production nearby , though no associated f eatures were recorded.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Last, J. and Crank, N. 2001. The Hythe, Littleport, Cambridgeshire. An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Evaluation. Hertfordshire Archaeological Trust Report 0881

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB12949 BRIQUETAGE (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) FCB12950 SHERD (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) POTTERY FCB12951 SHERD (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD) POTTERY

Associated Events/Activities ECB521 Evaluation at the Hythe, Littleport, 2001 (Event - Intervention. Ref: HAT 546)

Associated Individuals/Organisations

zMonFullRpt Page 13 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB16277 Roman to Post-Medieval remains, Victoria Street, Monument Littleport

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Ditch Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD Sub Surface Deposit Pit Unknown date Sub Surface Deposit Pit Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD Sub Surface Deposit Pit Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD Sub Surface Deposit Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5696 8682 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1.Three ev aluation trenches were excav ated in adv ance of the dev elopment of the f ormer Burberry f actory site. 18th century makeup was encountered in all three trenches, though to be associated with construction of this date on the street f rontage. Three phases of activ ity were recorded during the ev aluation. Roman activ ity is represented by a narrow ditch, and another parallel ditch of probable Roman date, and residual Roman f inds. Ev idence of Mediev al activ ity was present along the street f rontage in the f orm of intercutting pits spanning f our centuries. Analy sis of two of the pits rev ealed these were used f or the disposal of domestic waste, and showed good preserv ation of env ironmental remains. A single Post-Mediev al pit was also identif ied, containing a signif icant quantity of animal bone, suggested to be butchery waste.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Fletcher, T. 2004. A Roman Ditch and Medieval Rubbish Pits at 7 Victoria Street, Littleport, Cambridgeshire: An Archaeological Evaluation. CCC Archaeological Field Unit Report 745

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB14285 SHERD (Roman to 19th century - 43 AD to 1900 AD) POTTERY FCB14286 ANIMAL REMAINS (Medium quantity) (Post Medieval - 1540 BONE AD to 1900 AD) FCB14287 PLANT MACRO REMAINS FCB14288 FISH REMAINS FCB14289 BIRD REMAINS

Associated Events/Activities ECB1800 Evaluation at 7 Victoria Street, Littleport, 2004 (Event - Intervention. Ref: LIT VST 04)

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded zMonFullRpt Page 14 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB16413 Unknown WWII site, River Great Ouse Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Structure World War II - 1939 AD to 1945 AD Demolished Building Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (Unlikely) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 576 863 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Unknown site, now destroy ed

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Osborne, M. 20th Century Defences in Cambridgeshire.

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 15 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB16414 Unknown WWII site, Padnal Fen Monument

Location National Grid Reference TL 578 864 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Unknown site, now destroy ed

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Osborne, M. 20th Century Defences in Cambridgeshire.

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 16 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB16415 Destroyed pillbox, Padnal Fen Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Pillbox (Type Fw3/24) World War II - 1939 AD to 1945 AD Demolished Building Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 583 864 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Ty pe 24 thick walled, destroy ed c. 1990 2. Hexagonal structure v isible on 1946 aerial photographs, constructed between 1940 and 1941. Bren gun pillbox.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Osborne, M. 20th Century Defences in Cambridgeshire. (2) Unpublished document: Defence Area 75 Littleport.

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 17 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB16416 Pillbox, Padnal Fen Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Pillbox (Type Fw3/24) World War II - 1939 AD to 1945 AD Structure Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (Unlikely) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 577 864 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Ty pe 24 thick walled pillbox in poor condition. 2. Brick-shuttered ty pe 24 pillbox with chamf ered roof edges and most of the brick shuttering missing. Now used as a garden shed.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Osborne, M. 20th Century Defences in Cambridgeshire. (2) Unpublished document: Defence Area 75 Littleport.

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 18 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB16419 Gun emplacement and Pillbox, A1101 Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Pillbox (Type Fw3/28) World War II - 1939 AD to 1945 AD Structure Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 575 865 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Ty pe 28 LMG with looped rear screen 2. A heav y inf antry pillbox with anti-tank gun emplacement behind. Eastern command ty pe square inf antry pillbox with detached loopholed blastwall, brick shuttered. Faces north and south along the railway line. Surv iv ing in f air condition in 2002.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Osborne, M. 20th Century Defences in Cambridgeshire. (2) Unpublished document: Defence Area 75 Littleport.

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 19 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB16420 Gun emplacement, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Pillbox (Type Fw3/28A) World War II - 1939 AD to 1945 AD Structure Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 573 869 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Ty pe 28A-6pdr gun with unusual embrasure.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Osborne, M. 20th Century Defences in Cambridgeshire.

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 20 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB16603 Littleport shirt factory Building

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Clothing Factory 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Extant Building, Brick Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 570 868 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. This f actory was considerably extended in 1888. The three storey brick building, built f or the garment trade, with many windows, has a boiler house and chimney at one end. It was originally Hope Brothers shirt f actory , later making Burberry coats. Now closed, but retaining all machinery .

Sources (1) Bibliographic reference: Balchin, N. and Filby, P. 2001. A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Cambridgeshire & Peterborough. Association for Industrial Archaeology, E 17, p. 30

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 21 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB16792 Multiperiod finds, High Street, Littleport Find Spot Multi-period f inds f rom the garden of 22 High Street, including f lints and pottery of dif f erent ages.

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Findspot Early Neolithic to Medieval - 4000 BC to 1539 AD Unstratified Find Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5662 8673 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1 & 2. Finds reported f rom the garden of 22 High Street, comprising two Neolithic f lint scrapers, two pieces of f lint debitage, one parital possibly palaeolithic f lint blade, one piece of Roman shelly ware, 15 pieces of coarse Roman grey ware, two pieces of f ine Roman grey ware, one piece of Medeiv al Bourne ware, one piece of 16th century German stoneware and 18 pieces of 17th century glazed red earthenware. The f inder also reported oy ster shells and animal bones. 3. Further f inds reported f rom the garden on 22 High Street, comprising a Neolithic f lint blade and f ragments of grey ware. 4. Further f inds reported f rom the garden on 22 High Street, comprising 1 sherd Ely ware, 1 rim sherd of Grimston Ware, 1 rim sherd f late mediev al/early post mediev al sherd. A large quantity of tobacco pipe f ragments were also f ound including sev eral part bowls and one complete bowl. A degraded f ragment of human cranium was also f ound, probably a parietal or temporal bone.

Sources (1) Unpublished document: Hamilton, K. 2005. Information from finder: Pottery and Neolithic Scraper, Littleport. (2) Unpublished document: Hamilton, K. 2006. Information from finder: Multiperiod finds, Littleport. (3) Verbal communication: Hamilton, K. 11/8/2009. Information from Finder.

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB15277 THUMB NAIL SCRAPER (2) (Late Neolithic - 3000 BC to 2201 FLINT BC) FCB15278 SHERD (Small quantity) (Medieval to 19th century - 1066 AD to POTTERY 1900 AD) FCB15279 SHERD (Small quantity) (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) POTTERY FCB17724 ANIMAL REMAINS BONE FCB17725 MOLLUSCA REMAINS SHELL FCB19693 BLADE (1) (Neolithic - 4000 BC to 2201 BC) FLINT

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 22 Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB17247 Salem Independent Church, Littleport Building

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Chapel 19th century to Modern - 1801 AD to 2050 AD Extant Building Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5673 8686 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. The church dates f rom 1850.

Sources (1) Bibliographic reference: Pugh, R.B. (ed) 1953. The Victoria County History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely. Volume 4. Reprinted 1967, 101

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 23 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB17248 Littleport Methodist Church Building

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Methodist Chapel 19th century to Modern - 1801 AD to 2050 AD Extant Building Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5665 8676 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. The church on the High Street dates f rom 1806, and was rebuilt in 1890 when the old building became a Sunday school. In 1851 its congregation of 380 (including 100 Sunday scholars) was equal to those of all the other Nonconf ormist chapels put together, and was about two-thirds of that of the parish church. This was a Wesley an church.

Sources (1) Bibliographic reference: Pugh, R.B. (ed) 1953. The Victoria County History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely. Volume 4. Reprinted 1967, 101

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 24 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB17811 Post-medieval features, Main Street, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Ditch 18th century - 1701 AD to 1800 AD Sub Surface Deposit Floor 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Sub Surface Deposit, Chalk Wall 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Sub Surface Deposit, Structure, Brick Building 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence, Brick, Demolished Building Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5674 8674 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Ev aluation recorded a large ditch, probably a property boundary , running N-S along the f ull length of the trench. The f ill of the ditch contained two sherds of post-mediev al pottery and an accumulation of semi-decay ed v egetable matter, and was most likely f illed in during the late 18th or early 19th centuries. Sealing the ditch were two phases of 19th century rammed chalk surf aces and a later truncated brick wall, which corresponds to a structure shown on the site on the 1893 and 1903 Ordnance Surv ey maps.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Wilson, N. 2007. Archaeological Evaluation: Land to the r/o 17 Main Street, Littleport, Cambridgeshire. Archaeological Services and Consultancy Report 978/LMS/2

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB17974 SHERD (Small quantity) (18th century to 19th century - 1701 AD POTTERY to 1900 AD)

Associated Events/Activities ECB2699 Evaluation at 17 Main Street, Littleport, 2007 (Event - Intervention)

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 25 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB17878 Post-medieval features, 71 Victoria Street, LittleportMonument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Evidence Ditch 16th century to 17th century - 1501 AD to 1700 AD Sub Surface Deposit Ditch 18th century - 1701 AD to 1800 AD Sub Surface Deposit Gully Unknown date Sub Surface Deposit Pit Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD Sub Surface Deposit Post Hole Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD Sub Surface Deposit Pit Unknown date Sub Surface Deposit Ditch Unknown date Sub Surface Deposit Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5730 8670 Administrative Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. An ev aluation recorded a large ditch, the upper f ill of which contained a 16th-early 17th century pottery , together with a large amounts of animal bone and other artef acts. The lower f ill produced pottery of late 15th-early 16th century date. Documentary sources record that in or bef ore 1548, 28 acres of arable land were unlawf ully enclosed to create pasture, and it is suggested that this f eature may be related to this enclosure. A number of other, largely undated, f eatures were also recorded, comprising small ditches, gullies, pits and postholes, consistent with peripheral or back garden activ ity . Cartographic ev idence records dwellings on the site f rom the late 19th century onwards.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Smith, L., Davies, C. and Unger, S. 2008. 71 Victoria Street, Littleport, Cambridgeshire. An Archaeological Evaluation. Archaeological Solutions Report 3011

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB18255 SHERD (Small quantity) (Late Saxon to 19th century - 851 AD POTTERY to 1900 AD) FCB18256 ANIMAL REMAINS (Small quantity) BONE FCB18257 NAIL (1) IRON FCB18258 UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (1) COPPER ALLOY FCB18362 SHERD (Small quantity) (Early Bronze Age to Late Iron Age - POTTERY 2500 BC to 42 AD) FCB18363 UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (1) CLAY

Associated Events/Activities zMonFullRpt Page 26 ECB2858 Evaluation at 71 Victoria Street, Littleport, 2008 (Event - Intervention. Ref: AS1116)

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB19165 World War Two GHQ anti-tank ditch, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Anti Tank Ditch World War II - 1939 AD to 1945 AD Earthwork Roadblock World War II - 1939 AD to 1945 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5744 8692 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1. The line of the WWII anti- tank ditch (GHQ line) can be seen as a drain running between the railway and Station Road. This section of the GHQ line approached Littleport f rom Cambridge f ollowing the Riv er Cam and then the Riv er Ouse v ia Ely . It then f ollowed a course around the north of Littleport bef ore heading west and then north, and was also known as the 'Thorney Line.' The ditch was recorded as being 92% complete in September 1940, and was inf illed by 1946. Associated roadblock def ences were located at: TL5754 8640 - (S0016052) TL5722 8702 TL5658 8751 - (S0016054) TL5750 8700 TL5785 8773 - (S0016073) TL5790 8779 - (S0016074) TL5768 8771 - (S0016075) TL5765 8644 - (S0016078) TL5655 8777 - (S0016079) TL5779 8777 - (S0016080)

See MCB19166 f or details.

Sources (1) Unpublished document: Defence Area 75 Littleport.

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 27 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB19173 World War II mined bridge, Sandhill bridge, Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Mined Bridge World War II - 1939 AD to 1945 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (Unlikely) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5764 8645 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. Sandhill bridge was prepared f or demolition in 1940 in case of inv asion.

Sources (1) Unpublished document: Defence Area 75 Littleport.

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 28 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB20347 Post-medieval ditches, Land off Station Road, Monument Littleport

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Ditch Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD Excavated Feature Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5717 8697 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description 1. An archaeological ev aluation was carried out in adv ance of dev elopment. Two post-mediev al ditches were uncov ered and pottery sherds dated to the 17th-18th century were recov ered. The other f eatures identif ied during the inv estigation consist of three modern pits and f our v ertical timber posts.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Schofield, T. 2010. Land East of 33 The Holmes/ Land off Station Road, Littleport. An Archaeological Evaluation. Archaeological Solutions Report 3499

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB23355 SHERD (6-10) (17th century to 18th century - 1601 AD to 1800 POTTERY AD) FCB23356 ANIMAL REMAINS (Small quantity) (Post Medieval - 1540 AD BONE to 1900 AD)

Associated Events/Activities ECB3344 Land East of 33 The Holmes/Land off Station Road, Littleport, Cambridgeshire 2010 (Event - Intervention)

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 29 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB20410 Buried Layer, Granary Lodge, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Buried Soil Horizon Roman to Medieval - 43 AD to 1539 AD Excavated Feature Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5682 8687 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. An archaeological trial trench ev aluation was carried out in adv ance of the construction of a residential care home. No archaeological f eatures were present but there was a buried soil lay er which contained f ragments of Roman and mediev al pottery and brick.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Jackson, C. 2014. Granary Lodge, Land between Hitches Street and Granary lane, Littleport, Cambridgeshire: An Archaeological Evaluation. PreConstruct Archaeology Report R11930

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB23473 SHERD (Small quantity) (Roman to Medieval - 43 AD to 1539 POTTERY AD) FCB23474 BRICK (Small quantity) (Roman to Medieval - 43 AD to 1539 CERAMIC AD) FCB23475 ANIMAL REMAINS (Small quantity) (Roman to Medieval - 43 BONE AD to 1539 AD)

Associated Events/Activities ECB4317 Evaluation at Granary Lodge, land between Hitches Street and Granary Lane, Littleport, 2014 (Event - Intervention. Ref: CGLL14)

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 30 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB20493 Ditches and furrows, land west of Upton Lane Monument Littleport

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Ditch Early Iron Age to 5th century Roman - 800 BC? to Excavated Feature 409 AD? Ridge And Furrow 12th century to 17th century - 1101 AD? to 1700 Excavated Feature AD? Pit? 15th century - 1401 AD? to 1500 AD? Excavated Feature Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5635 8654 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. On 26th May 2015 a geophy sical surv ey was carried out on Upton Lane, Littleport in adv ance of redev elopment. The surv ey identif ied a number of linear f eatures on an east-west alignment interpreted as mediev al ridge and f urrow along with a northeast-southwest aligned f eature and a curv ilinear f eature of uncertain origin. A number of f errous objects were also noted. The results of the surv ey were then used to identif y a second phase of archaeological inv estigation.

2. Between the 22nd and the 26th of June 2015 an archaeological trial trench excav ation took place on the land west of Upton Lane, Littleport. 12 trial trenches were excav ated prior to the proposed dev elopment of the site on which the land was f ormerly used as play ing f ields. The ev aluation identif ied f our undated ditches and a pit/ditch as well as cultiv ation f urrows f rom which a small f inds assemblage was recov ered. This comprised animal bone and f lint as well as pottery , the latter of which consisted of both mediev al and post-mediev al sherds that deriv ed almost exclusiv ely f rom the f urrows. The trenches were located to test a v ariety of linear and amorphous anomalies identif ied by the preceding geophy sical surv ey . In trench one there was a single shallow ditch aligned North West by south east. A v ery similar ditch aligned north to south was identif ied in trench two. It is seen as likely that these ditches are the same curv ilinear f eature, identif ied by the geophy sical surv ey . A possible pit was located in trench three; it contained one sherd of 15th century pottery . In trench f our a ditch aligned south east to north west was identif ied and it contained a single f ragment of animal bone. In trench f iv e a f lat based ditch aligned north to south was identif ied. Sev eral f urrows were identif ied containing post mediev al to modern land drains and pottery f rom between the 12th century and 17th century . The f urrow in trench ten was aligned north west to south east, the f urrow continued to be v isible along the eastern edge of the trench as did a post mediev al f ield drain. Sev eral sherds of post mediev al pot sherd were recov ered as was a post mediev al iron sickle blade. Other f inds recov ered f rom the site include a large f lint blade 60mm long by 29mm wide, two other pieces of f lint, 15 pot sherds f rom between the 12th to the 17th century , 7 f ragments of post mediev al brick, 1 f ragment of clay tobacco pipe probably dating to the 18-19th century and two f ragments of animal bone.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Meadows, A. 2015. Archaeological geophysics survey on land at Upton Lane, Littleport Cambridgeshire. Museum of London Archaeology Reference 15/126 zMonFullRpt Page 31 (2) Unpublished report: Reid, A. and Finn, C. 2015. Archeological trial trench evaluation on land west of Upton Lane Littleport, Cambridgeshire. Museum of London Archaeology Reference 15/129

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB23718 ANIMAL REMAINS (2) BONE FCB23719 SICKLE (1) (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD) IRON FCB23720 TOBACCO PIPE (1) (18th century to 19th century - 1701 AD to CLAY 1900 AD) FCB23721 BRICK (6-10) (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD) FCB23722 SHERD (>10) (12th century to 17th century - 1101 AD to 1700 POTTERY AD) FCB23723 LITHIC IMPLEMENT (3) (Neolithic - 4000 BC to 2201 BC) FLINT

Associated Events/Activities ECB4498 Geophysical Survey and Evaluation at Upton Lane, Littleport, 2015 (Event - Intervention)

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 32 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB20956 Undated ditches, palaeochannels and post Monument medieval ditches, Back Lane, Littleport

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Ditch Unknown date Excavated Feature Ditch 18th century to 20th century - 1701 AD to 2000 AD Excavated Feature Palaeochannel Unknown date Excavated Feature Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (Possible) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5715 8705 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. An archaeological ev aluation in 2015 on land to the northeast of Back Lane, Littleport rev ealed ev idence of a series of undated ditches and a single post mediev al ditch within trenches 4 and 5 located closest to the present road. A number of palaeochannels were also recorded in trenches 2 and 3, howev er, no material culture was recov ered. Two ditches were present in trench 4, located to the southwest of the site, one of which was undated. Linear ditch F1012 was orientated east-west with irregular sides and a f lattish base and contained a single f ill. Three ditches were present in trench 5, located to the southeast of the site, two of which were undated. Linear ditch F1004 was orientated northeast- southwest with shallow sides and an irregular f lattish base. Linear ditch F1006 was orientated southeast-northwest and had moderately sloping sides and an unev en concav e base. The only dated f eatures f rom the site were a linear ditch (F1010) in trench 4 and linear ditch (F1008) in trench 5; both were orientated northeast-southwest. F1010 had moderately sloping sides and a concav e base with a single f ill. The only f ind was a sherd of 18th-20th Century pottery . F1008 had steep sides and a concav e base and contained a single f ragment of late post mediev al tile. Although a number palaeochannels were recorded during the ev aluation, neither produced any material culture. Two channels (L1018 and L1024) were only partially excav ated as sondages and appeared to be orientated northeast to southwest. At the northern end of the site, f en deposits as well as alluv ium and peat were recorded. Natural geology was recorded at depths v ary ing between 0.39m and 1.78m below present ground surf ace.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Barlow, G. & Wilson, L. 2015. Land to the north-east of 5 Back Lane, Littleport An archaeological evaluation. Archaeological Solutions Report 4791

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB24182 SHERD (1) (18th century to 20th century - 1701 AD to 2000 AD) POTTERY FCB24183 TILE (1) (18th century to 20th century - 1701 AD to 2000 AD) CERAMIC

Associated Events/Activities ECB4355 Evaluation at Land North East of 5 Back Lane, Littleport, 2014 (Event - Intervention) zMonFullRpt Page 33 Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB20976 Undated features at Orchard Lodge, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Linear Feature Unknown date Excavated Feature Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5634 8630 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description 1. An archaeological ev aluation carried out in May 2016 at Orchard Lodge in Littleport in adv ance of redev elopment f or residential purposes. The ev aluation rev ealed only limited results despite the potential f or Roman and Saxon remains nearby . Two linear f eatures on a north-south alignment were encountered in trench 3 and although both were similar in size and appearance, no datable f inds were recov ered. A single linear f eature on a northeast-southwest alignment was then encountered in trench 5; howev er, it was again undated.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Foundations Archaeology 2016. Orchard Lodge, 8a Ely Road, Littleport Archaeological Evaluation. Foundations Archaeology Report 1130

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities ECB4736 Evaluation on land at Orchard Lodge, 8a Ely Road, Littleport, 2016 (Event - Intervention. Ref: OLL16)

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 34 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21514 George and Dragon, public house Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Public House 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 570 869 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description George and Dragon, public house noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 35 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21515 Baptist Chapel (Particular) Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Baptist Chapel 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 570 868 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Baptist Chapel (Particular) noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 36 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21516 Methodist Chapel (Primitive) Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Methodist Chapel 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 570 867 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Methodist Chapel (Primitiv e) noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 37 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21517 Connaught House, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence House 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 570 867 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Connaught House noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 38 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21518 Brewery, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Brewery 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 570 867 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Brewery noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 39 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21519 Brewery, Littleport Monument

Location National Grid Reference TL 568 868 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Brewery noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 40 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21520 Town Hall, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Town Hall 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 568 867 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Town Hall noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 41 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21521 Marquis of Grimsby, public house, Littleport Monument

Location National Grid Reference TL 568 867 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Marquis of Grimsby , public house noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 42 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21522 Almshouses, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Almshouse 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 568 867 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Almshouses noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 43 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21523 Crown Inn, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Inn 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 566 868 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Crown Inn noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 44 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21524 Schools, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence School 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 566 869 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Schools noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 45 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21525 Cemetery, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Cemetery 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 565 868 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Cemetery noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 46 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21526 Gas Works, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Gas Works 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 567 870 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Gas works noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 47 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21527 Police Station, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Police Station 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5658 8662 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Police Station noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 48 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21528 Black Horse, public house, Littleport Monument

Location National Grid Reference TL 576 864 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Black Horse, public house noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 49 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21531 Pump, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Pump 19th century - 1801 AD to 1900 AD Documentary Evidence Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5645 8587 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Pump recorded in f ield noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 50 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21532 Pump, Littleport Monument

Location National Grid Reference TL 575 856 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Draining pump recorded adjacent to drain, two sluices also noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 51 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21534 Highfield House, Littleport Monument

Location National Grid Reference TL 5639 8637 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Highf ield House and landscaped gardens noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 52 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB21535 Upton House, Littleport Monument

Location National Grid Reference TL 564 864 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded

Description Upton House and small landscaped gardens noted on Ordnance Surv ey 1st Edition maps (1885)

Sources (1) Verbal communication: Beckley, R. 2016. Observations made from 1st Edition Ordnance Survey map (1885).

Finds - None recorded

Associated Events/Activities - None recorded

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 53 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB22209 Buried soil horizon, Hempfield Road, Littleport Monument

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Buried Soil Horizon Unknown date Sub Surface Deposit Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References - None recorded Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5670 8671 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description

1. Archaeological ev aluation carried out on land at the Regal Bingo Club, Hempf ield Road in Littleport in October 2015 identif ied ev idence of a buried soil horizon of uncertain date with sev eral f eatures cut into it. The ev aluation was carried out in adv ance of proposals to dev elop the site f or residential purposes and comprised two trenches totalling 25m in length. The buried soil horizon was interpreted as a build up of colluv ium or hill-wash.

Trench 1 contained a buried soil horizon cut by a single ditch on a northwest-southeast alignment and a posthole with natural deposits reached at a depth of 0.87m to 0.98m below present ground lev el. Although the ditch (107) and the posthole (109) did not contain any f inds, the buried soil horizon (105) contained a number of Roman and mediev al pottery sherds along with occasional charcoal f lecks. Trench 2 also contained a buried soil horizon (104) containing a number of Roman and mediev al pottery sherds.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Slater, M-A. 2015. Land at Regal Bingo Club, Hempfield Road, Littleport. Trial trench evaluation. PreConstruct Archaeology Report R12261

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB24456 SHERD (Small quantity) (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) POTTERY FCB24457 SHERD (Small quantity) (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD) POTTERY

Associated Events/Activities ECB4581 Evaluation at Regal Bingo Club, Hempfield Road, Littleport (Event - Intervention. Ref: CHRL15)

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 54 HER Number Site Name Record Type MCB22285 Roman salt production site, Littleport Monument An archaeological ev aluation rev ealed ev idence f or Roman salt production with a possible in-situ structure. The associated pottery assemblage suggests that the activ ity took place between the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD.

Classification Monument Types and Dates Building Materials/Ev idence Structure? 2nd century AD to 3rd century AD - 101 AD to 300 Excavated Feature AD Saltern 2nd century AD to 3rd century AD - 101 AD to 300 Excavated Feature AD Layer 2nd century AD to 3rd century AD - 101 AD to 300 Excavated Feature AD Layer 13th century to 15th century - 1201 AD to 1500 AD Excavated Feature Monument Status and Scores Associated Legal Designations - None recorded Other Statuses and Cross-References SHINE Candidate (No) Active Ratings and Scorings - None recorded

Location National Grid Reference TL 5706 8691 Administrativ e Areas Civil Parish Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire Address/Historic Names - None recorded Description

1. An archaeological ev aluation rev ealed ev idence f or Roman salt production, an assemblage of briquetage, a possible in- situ structure and patches of burning, all located c.1.5m below the modern ground lev el. Although not f ully excav ated, the presence of the possible in-situ structure and the large assemblage of briquetage suggest that this was part of a much larger saltern site. An associated Romano-British pottery assemblage, including some imported wares, suggests the activ ity was taking place during the late 2nd and early 3rd centuries AD. The high proportion of Horningsea storage v essels recov ered f rom the site may indicate that they were used to transport the salt away f rom the site. The presence of both f ine and courseware suggests the presence of a nearby settlement and the imported f ine wares indicates that it would hav e had the economic means to buy imported goods. A cast lead weight or spindle whorl, three iron nails and a brooch pin, all broadly dated to the Roman period, were also identif ied. The salt-working debris located 75m north west at The Hy the (MCB15677) suggest that salt production in this area continued into the 4th century . A number of sherds of mediev al pottery , including Grimston ware (AD 1200-1500) were f ound within the lay ers sealing the saltern.

Sources (1) Unpublished report: Haskins, A. 2016. 16 Station Road, Littleport archaeological evaluation report. Oxford Archaeology East Report 1997

Associated Finds Find Types and Dates Object Material FCB24516 AMPHORA (Small quantity) (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) POTTERY FCB24517 SHERD (Medium quantity) (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) POTTERY FCB24518 BRIQUETAGE (Medium quantity) (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) CERAMIC FCB24519 SPINDLE WHORL (1) (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) LEAD zMonFullRpt Page 55 FCB24520 BROOCH PIN (1) (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) COPPER ALLOY FCB24521 NAIL (3) (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD) IRON FCB24522 SHERD (Small quantity) (12th century to 15th century - 1200 AD POTTERY to 1500 AD) FCB24523 ANIMAL REMAINS (Small quantity) BONE

Associated Events/Activities ECB4815 Evaluation at 16 Station Road, Littleport, 2016 (Event - Intervention. Ref: LITSTR16)

Associated Individuals/Organisations - None recorded

zMonFullRpt Page 56 Cambridgeshire County Council Designation List Report

25/05/2017

DesigUID Name Type Grade NHLE ID NGR Assigned Revoked

DCB816 Church of St George Listed BuildingII* 1127027TL 56604 86934 05/02/1952 Description LITTLEPORT CHURCH LANE TL 5686 17/1 Church of St George 5.2.52 - II* Parish church. C14-C15. Alterations and additions of 1857 by Teulon include a new north nave and aisle parallel to the original. Mainly rubblestone with some brick and fieldstone. Limestone dressings. Slate roofs. Plan of west tower, double nave with north and south aisles, south chapel and chancel. West tower of four stages with embattled parapet, rebuilt in brick, and moulded plinth. Four stage angle buttressing and embattled half octagonal newel staircase with quatrefoil lights to each stage. Open ground stage of tower blocked in 1857 with doorway made in south wall. Two centred arch with two wave and one ogee order. West window of three cinquefoil lights in four centred arch, restored. There is a two cinquefoil light window to the second stage and the bell stage has in each wall three cinquefoil lights in four centred arch. Nave is embattled. Original clerestorey on south side of four windows, each of two cinquefoil lights in four centred arch. The south porch is C14-C15, much rebuilt. Gabled roof with end parapet on moulded stone kneelers. Diagonal buttressing and four centred outer arch, restored, of two hollow moulded orders, the inner on engaged shafts with moulded capitals and bases. The inner doorway has a two centred arch of two continuous wave mouldings divided by a cavetto. Chancel has a window in south wall of three cinquefoil lights in four centred arch. South doorway with similar four centred chamfered arch. The east window is C19 of five cinquefoil lights in two centred arch with original moulded label and large demi-angel stops. The C19 nave addition on the north by Teulon is of similar materials. Clerestorey of six windows each of two cinquefoil lights in four centred arches. The north aisle is embattled and has four windows each of three cinquefoil lights in four centred arch and one window at east end with two similar lights. The north porch is gabled and has a parapet. The outer arch is two centred and has three moulded orders, the inner on engaged shafts to the responds. There is a stone louvre to the east end of the north aisle. Interior: Earlier west tower wall has C15 arch with outer hollow moulded order dying in the piers. The inner order is on an engaged shaft to the respond with moulded capitals and high base. The nave arcade is in four bays. Two centred arches of two moulded orders the outer continuous, on piers of lozenge section. The inner wave moulding is carried on engaged shafts with moulded capital and a high base. The roof is C19. Hammer beam type with braced collars and a king post to each truss. There are angels to the soffits of the intermediate purlins. The chancel arch is similar to that of the nave arcade. The chancel has a piscina in the south wall. Four centred chamfered arch. The roof again is C19 and also of hammer beam construction, but the jackposts are carried on original corbels carved with demi-angels. There is a four centred arch of two moulded orders leading from the chancel to the south chapel. Part of a rood loft staircase remains south of the chancel arch. The north nave of 1857 by Teulon has, on the north side, an arcade in six bays with pier profiles similar to those of the C15 work. The four clerestorey windows of the C15 nave remain but are unglazed. The roof is in six bays and has queen posts on braced tiebeams with a king posh to the collar. At the west end of the nave there are three C16 pews with original moulded rails and bench ends with finials carved with poupee heads and one with a shield. The font is C15. Limestone. Octagonal with quatrefoil to a panel in each side. On an octagonal stem with moulded base. At the west end of the south aisle is a large iron bound chest with the date 1672. Pevsner: Buildings of England, p429 V.C.H. Cambs. vol. IV Listing NGR: TL5660486934

DCB817 Fenland Listed BuildingII 1127028TL 56761 86791 13/10/1986 Description LITTLEPORT MAIN STREET TL 5686 (South Side) 17/6 No. 15 (Fenland) 13.10.86 II House. Circa 1800. Gault brick, Flemish bond on the front and English to the side. Modern plain tiled roof with tumbled end parapets and end stack. L-plan. Two storeys. Symmetrical front elevation of three first floor three tripartite hung sashes, each light having a pointed arch in a square head. Two similar ground floor windows in segmental arches on ground floor on either side of original doorway with doorcase of fluted pilasters, boss enrichments and plain entablature. Panelled reveals, but later door. The rear wing is a little later in the C19 and of similar brick. Two storeys. Two first floor original flush frame cross frame casements with leaded lights. At ground floor four windows including three with pointed arches. Doorway in round headed arch has flush panelled door and fanlight with radial glazing bars. Listing NGR: TL5676186791

DCB1081 Listed BuildingII 1178535TL 56679 86751 19/08/1988 Description LITTLEPORT HIGH STREET TL 5686 (South-East Side) 17/3 No. 5 II Villa. Circa. 1830 extended at rear c.1840. Gault brick, Flemish bond and English bond to end walls. Hipped slate roof, with end stacks. Paired brackets to boarded eaves. Double pile following 1840 zDesignationListRpt Page 1 of 2 DesigUID Name Type Grade NHLE ID NGR Assigned Revoked

extension parallel to original range. Two storeys. Range of three first floor recessed hung sashes with single central glazing bar. Central doorway in double recessed round headed arch with reeding and boss enrichment to rebate of arch. Panelled door with radial fanlight. Listing NGR: TL5667986751

DCB1082 Barn, and Outbuildings, rear of Number 15 Listed BuildingII 1178537TL 56759 86766 19/08/1988 Description LITTLEPORT MAIN STREET TL 5686 (South Side) 17/5 Barn, and outbuildings, rear of No. 15 GV II Barn, now a store. Late C17, altered in C19. Timber-framed weatherboarded and corrugated iron roof covering reed thatch of herringbone pattern. Two bays with cartway opening in side wall. Inside: The late C17 framing is visible in the rear side and right hand end walls. It has typical studwork with downward wall bracing. Other parts of the framing have been renewed and the roof was rebuilt in C19. A date of 1640 is believed to have been carved on one of the timbers. Adjoining at each end are ranges of dairies, milking parlours, and loose boxes. C19. Gault brick, pantiled roof. Some doorways with split doors. Listing NGR: TL5676086770

DCB1083 Listed BuildingII 1178542TL 56964 86915 19/08/1988 Description LITTLEPORT STATION ROAD TL 5686 (North Side) 17/7 No. 3 - II House. Late C18. Narrow gault brick, Flemish bond and plain tiled roof with tumbled parapet gable east end and sawtooth eaves cornice. Stacks removed. Extended on the back and with C19 building on the west. Two storeys and attic. Three modern gable dormers. Red brick cambered arches to four C19 flush frame hung sashes with central single glazing bar. At ground floor similar arches to two sixteen pane hung sashes and one of twelve panes. One early C19 doorway has original wood architrave and narrow hood on shaped brackets. Flush panelled C19 door with rectangular fanlight of fourteen panes. Another doorway is later C19 and adjoins an area of disturbed and later gault brickwork. There is a band between the storeys on shaped brackets of moulded brick. Listing NGR: TL5696486915

DCB1352 Listed BuildingII 1331483TL 56580 86603 19/08/1988 Description LITTLEPORT HIGH STREET TL 5686 (South-East Side) 17/4 No. 29 II House. c.1800. Gault brick, English bond and steeply pitched roof of modern pantiles with tumbled gable end parapets with rebuilt coping and original cogged brick eaves cornice. End stacks. Two storeys. Three first floor three light casements with modern leaded lights. Segmental arches to three light cross frame casements with modern leading. Central doorway has wood doorcase with plain pilasters and heavy moulded cornice. Panelled door. Listing NGR: TL5658086603

zDesignationListRpt Page 2 of 2 Cambridgeshire County Council HER - Fieldwork List with non-Archive Sources 25/05/2017

Event Ref Event Name Organisation Dates Parish NGR ECB1354 Observations at Main Street, Littleport, 1994 CCC AFU 17/05/1994 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 56839 86798 Cambridgeshire Description Repaving work revealed a near-circular well located outside 3A Main Street. Although the capping stones and culvert area C19th, the brick and stone linings are much earlier, and may date back to late medieval times. Sources: Unpublished report: Robinson, B. and Hinds, S. 17/05/1994. A Well In Main Street, Littleport. CCC Archaeological Field Unit Report Location: HER A-Z

ECB2971 AP assessment at Grange Lane, Littleport, 1998 Air Photo Services (Cambridge) 01/01/1998 - 31/01/1998 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 55789 86227 Cambridgeshire Description Aerial photographic assessment at Grange Lane, Littleport observed a few scattered traces of headland and ridge and furrow remaining from medieval agriculture, the most prominent of these features being towards the southern and eastern parts of the assessment area. Sources: Unpublished report: Palmer, R. 1998. Grange Lane, TL558864, Littleport, Cambridgeshire: AP assessment. Air Photo Services (Cambridge) Report 1998/03 Location: HER A-Z (in CAU 243)

ECB141 Survey and evaluation at Highfield Farm, Littleport, 1999 Archaeological Project Services 15/12/1998 - 13/04/1999 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 56126 86393 Cambridgeshire Description Trial trenching and fieldwalking revealed remains of prehistoric and later date within the area. In the SE part of the site (hilltop area), the evaluation revealed evidence of prehistoric activity. 2 ditches of Neo date with Peterborough Ware pottery were found, as well as a concentration of flint artefacts (probably E Neo). A 'pond' with flints and Beaker pottery was also revealed near the hilltop, along with an isolated human cremation (undated). Numerous ditches and gullies, probably agricultural in function, were revealed, mainly toward the N part of the site at the base of the hill, though few were dated. Artefacts from the LIA and Ro period were also found in this area. On the lower slopes of the hill (N limit of site), a number of agricultural field boundaries were revealed that may belong to this period. Securely dated medieval features were rare and relate to field boundaries, ridge and furrow and headlands. Artefacts suggest this agricultural use began in the 14th C, and some appear to continue into Post-medieval times. Environmental evidence was poorly preserved on the site, even in the 'pond' feature. Sources: Unpublished report: Dymond, M. 1999. Archaeological Evaluation at Highfield Farm, Littleport, Cambridgeshire. Archaeological Project Services Report 79.99 Location: HER A-Z

ECB2486 Geophysical survey at Highfields farm, Littleport, 1998 Oxford Archaeotechnics 15/12/1998 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 56126 86392 Cambridgeshire Description A geophysical feasibility survey did not identify any clear archaeological remains other than ridge and furrow. Sources: Unpublished report: Johnson, A.E. 1999. Highfield Farm, Littleport, Cambridgeshire. Geophysicsal Feasiblity Survey. Oxford Archaeotechnics Report Location: HER A-Z (in APS 79.99)

ECB1356 Excavation at Millpit Furlong, Littleport, 1999 CCC AFU 08/03/1999 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 56635 86372 Cambridgeshire Description Excavations revealed no archaeological finds or features. Sources: Unpublished report: Hinman, M. 1999. Land at the Rear of Millpit Furlong, Littleport, Cambridgeshire. An Archaeological CCC Archaeological Field Unit Report B045 Location: Print room Evaluation. 20/5/2010 zEventListRptWithNonArchvSrcs Page 1 Event Ref Event Name Organisation Dates Parish NGR ECB138 AP assessment, 72 Wisbech Road, Littleport, 1999 Air Photo Services Ltd October 1999 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 56700 87300 Cambridgeshire Description The appraisal shows the area has no visible evidence on aerial photographs. The site lies adjacent to a complex of Roman salterns, and there is a high likelihood of finding artefactual evidence for this in the area. Mapping of the sites to the immediate N is recommended. Sources: Unpublished report: Cox, C. 1999. 72 Wisbech Road, Littleport, Cambridgeshire. Stage 1: Aerial Photographic Appraisal, Air Photo Services Ltd Report 9900/07 Location: HER A-Z Archaeology.

ECB521 Evaluation at the Hythe, Littleport, 2001 Hertfordshire Archaeological Trust 01/04/2001 - 31/07/2001 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 56987 86965 Cambridgeshire Description Evaluation revealed areas of widespread disturbance, but also indicated Romano-British occupation remains. Material relating to salt production (in particular briquetage) were found in a thick layer of mixed alluvium/levelling believed to be of Roman date. No archaeological features of Roman date were recorded. Sources: Unpublished report: Last, J. and Crank, N. 2001. The Hythe, Littleport, Cambridgeshire. An Archaeological Desk-Based Hertfordshire Archaeological Trust Report 0881 Location: HER A-Z Assessment and Evaluation.

ECB750 Evaluation at Padnal, Littleport, 2002 CCC AFU 22/01/2002 - 29/01/2002 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 57441 86239 Cambridgeshire Description Trenching revealed undated ditches (drainage features), with only one producing dated material dating to the 19/20th C AD, and others containing 20th C land drains. A number of pits & postholes were found (undated). Sources: Unpublished report: Abrams, J. 2002. Drainage systems at Littleport, Padnal: An Archaeological Evaluation. CCC Archaeological Field Unit Report A199 Location: HER A-Z

ECB4721 Excavation on the land at Highfield Farm, Littleport, 2004- Archaeological Project Services 01/02/2004 - 31/12/2005 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 5612 8639 Cambridgeshire Description Archaeological Project Services undertook a programme of mitigation investigations on the land at Highfield Farm, Littleport beginning in February 2004 and the final phase of the work was completed between June and December 2005. A total area of 25649 square meters was stripped under archaeological supervision revealing archaeological deposits from the Neolithic to post medieval periods. Multi period features were identified including field enclosures from the Late Iron Age to Roman era, a Saxon cemetery, medieval ridge and furrow and multiple features dating from the Neolithic period to modern agricultural features. Sources: Unpublished report: Holt, R. 2008. Archaeological Assessment Report on land at Highfield Farm, Littleport, Archaeological Project Services Report 120/07 Location: DC Cambridgeshire. This is an approved draft

ECB1800 Evaluation at 7 Victoria Street, Littleport, 2004 CCC AFU 26/07/2004 - 27/07/2004 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 56956 86825 Cambridgeshire Description Three evaluation trenches were excavated in advance of the redevelopment of the former Burberry factory site. 18th century makeup was encountered in all three trenches, thought to be associated with construction of this date on the street frontage. Archaeological remains, including a Roman ditch and intercutting medieval pits were recorded in two trenches. Sources: Unpublished report: Fletcher, T. 2004. A Roman Ditch and Medieval Rubbish Pits at 7 Victoria Street, Littleport, CCC Archaeological Field Unit Report 745 Location: HER A-Z Cambridgeshire: An Archaeological Evaluation.

zEventListRptWithNonArchvSrcs Page 2 Event Ref Event Name Organisation Dates Parish NGR ECB2699 Evaluation at 17 Main Street, Littleport, 2007 Archaeological Services and Consultancy 10/10/2007 - 11/10/2007 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 56739 86740 Cambridgeshire Description A single evaluation trench was excavated in advance of residential development. A large ditch, containing two sherds of post-medieval pottery, was found running the full length of the trench. Two phases of 19th century rammed chalk surfaces and a wall constructed of Gault brick were found sealing the ditch. Sources: Unpublished report: Wilson, N. 2007. Archaeological Evaluation: Land to the r/o 17 Main Street, Littleport, Archaeological Services and Consultancy Location: HER A-Z Report 978/LMS/2

ECB2858 Evaluation at 71 Victoria Street, Littleport, 2008 Archaeological Solutions 01/02/2008 - 29/02/2008 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 57291 86689 Cambridgeshire Description Two evaluation trenches recorded a large ditch containing a 16th-early 17th century pottery, consistent in size with those located on moated or monastic sites. A number of other, largely undated, features were also recorded, comprising small ditches, gullies, pits and postholes, consistent with peripheral or back garden activity. Sources: Unpublished report: Smith, L., Davies, C. and Unger, S. 2008. 71 Victoria Street, Littleport, Cambridgeshire. An Archaeological Solutions Report 3011 Location: HER A-Z Archaeological Evaluation.

ECB3344 Land East of 33 The Holmes/Land off Station Road, Littleport, Archaeological Solutions 01/03/2010 - 05/03/2010 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 5718 8697 Cambridgeshire 2010 Cambridgeshire Description An archaeological evaluation was carried out in advance of development. Two post-medieval ditches were uncovered and pottery sherds dated to the 17th-18th century were recovered. The other features identified during the investigation consist of three modern pits and four vertical timber posts. Sources: Unpublished report: Schofield, T. 2010. Land East of 33 The Holmes/ Land off Station Road, Littleport. An Archaeological Archaeological Solutions Report 3499 Location: Archaeological Evaluation. Solutions: HER A-Z

ECB4317 Evaluation at Granary Lodge, land between Hitches Street Pre-Construct Archaeology LTD 15/12/2014 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 5683 8686 and Granary Lane, Littleport, 2014 Cambridgeshire Description An archaeological trial trench evaluation was carried out in advance of the construction of a residential care home. No archaeological features were present but there was a buried soil layer which contained fragments of Roman and medieval pottery and brick. Sources: Unpublished report: Jackson, C. 2014. Granary Lodge, Land between Hitches Street and Granary lane, Littleport, PreConstruct Archaeology Report R11930 Location: HER A-Z Cambridgeshire: An Archaeological Evaluation.

ECB4355 Evaluation at Land North East of 5 Back Lane, Littleport, 2014 Archaeological Solutions 01/02/2015 - 23/02/2015 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 5713 8707 Cambridgeshire Description 1. An archaeological evaluation was carried out on land to the north-east of No 5 Back Lane in Littleport in February 2015 in advance of proposed redevelopment for residential purposes. The evaluation comprised five trenches each measuring 30m in length. The archaeological work was recommended due to the close location of Roman salt industrial and settlement sites as well as the proximity of the late Saxon and medieval town. The site lies on Ampthill and Kimmeridge Clay superficial geology overlying bedrock geology of Downholland alluvium and fen peat. The evaluation produced only limited results comprising a number of undated ditches in trenches 4 and 5 as well as 2 post medieval ditches, however, roddonised prehistoric channels were noted in trenches 2 and 3. Sources: (1) Unpublished report: Barlow, G. & Wilson, L. 2015. Land to the north-east of 5 Back Lane, Littleport An archaeological Archaeological Solutions Report 4791 Location: HER A- Z evaluation.

zEventListRptWithNonArchvSrcs Page 3 Event Ref Event Name Organisation Dates Parish NGR ECB4498 Geophysical Survey and Evaluation at Upton Lane, Littleport, MOLA 26/05/2015 - 26/06/2015 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 5635 8655 2015 Cambridgeshire Description 1. Geophysical survey carried out prior to development at Upton Lane, Littleport in May 2015 recorded a number of linear features on an east-west alignment tentatively identified as ridge and furrow along with a single linear on an northeast-southwest alignment and several ferrous objects.

2. An archaeological trial trench excavation took place in June 2015 on the land west of Upton Lane, Littleport. 12 trial trenches were excavated prior to the proposed development of the site on which the land was formerly used as playing fields. The evaluation identified four undated ditches and a pit/ditch as well as cultivation furrows from which a small finds assemblage was recovered. This comprised animal bone and flint as well as pottery, the latter of which consisted of both medieval and post-medieval sherds that derived almost exclusively from the furrows. The trenches were located to test a variety of linear and amorphous anomalies identified by the preceding geophysical survey. Sources: (1) Unpublished report: Meadows, A. 2015. Archaeological geophysics survey on land at Upton Lane, Littleport Museum of London Archaeology Reference Location: HER digital Cambridgeshire. 15/126 (2) Unpublished report: Reid, A. and Finn, C. 2015. Archeological trial trench evaluation on land west of Upton Lane Littleport, Museum of London Archaeology Reference Location: HER A- Z Cambridgeshire. 15/129

ECB4581 Evaluation at Regal Bingo Club, Hempfield Road, Littleport Pre-Construct Archaeology LTD 14/10/2015 - 15/10/2015 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 5670 8669 Cambridgeshire Description 1. Archaeological evaluation carried out on land at the Regal Bingo Club, Hempfield Road in Littleport in October 2015. The evaluation was carried out in order to determine the archaeological potential of the site as well as to determine the potential impact of proposals to develop the site for residential purposes. The site is currently in use as a car park with an underlying geology of Kimmeridge Clay formation mudstone with some superficial deposits of Oadby member Diamticton. The evaluation consisted of two trenches totalling 25m. The evaluation identified a buried soil horizon of uncertain date. Sources: (1) Unpublished report: Slater, M-A. 2015. Land at Regal Bingo Club, Hempfield Road, Littleport. Trial trench evaluation. PreConstruct Archaeology Report R12261 Location: HER (A-Z)

ECB4736 Evaluation on land at Orchard Lodge, 8a Ely Road, Littleport, Foundations Archaeology 24/05/2016 - 26/05/2016 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 5636 8628 2016 Cambridgeshire Description An evaluation was carried out on land at Orchard Lodge in May 2016 in advance of planned redevelopment of the single house site for additional housing. The archaeological work was requested due to the proximity of a Roman settlement and Saxon cemetery at Highfields Farm. The bedrock geology is Kimmeridge Clay formation with superficial deposits of Oadby member – Diamicton. The fieldwork consisted of five trenches of approximately 20m each distributed across the site. No archaeological finds or features were identified in trenches 1, 2 and 4. Two linear features in trench 3 appeared to be contemporary, however they were undated. Another linear feature was identified in trench 5, but again it was undated. Sources: (1) Unpublished report: Foundations Archaeology 2016. Orchard Lodge, 8a Ely Road, Littleport Archaeological Evaluation. Foundations Archaeology Report 1130 Location: HER A- Z

ECB4815 Evaluation at 16 Station Road, Littleport, 2016 Oxford Archaeology East 10/10/2016 - 11/10/2016 Littleport, East Cambridgeshire, TL 5707 8691 Cambridgeshire Description An archaeological evaluation was carried out on 10th and 11th October 2016. The evaluation consisted of two trenches measuring 15m and 17m long, representing a 5% sample of the site. Trench 2 revealed evidence of Romano-British salt production and hints of a possible structure. Trench 1 contained no finds or features of archaeological interest. Sources: (1) Unpublished report: Haskins, A. 2016. 16 Station Road, Littleport archaeological evaluation report. Oxford Archaeology East Report 1997 Location: HER A-Z

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Appendix 2. Context List

Context Feature Feature Trench Category Description Number Type Number 0001 1 Topsoil Layer 0001 Topsoil, Tr 1. c.90L sieved 0002 2 Topsoil Layer 0002 Topsoil, Tr 2. c.90L sieved 0003 3 Topsoil Layer 0003 Topsoil, Tr 3. c.90L sieved 0004 4 Topsoil Layer 0004 Topsoil, Tr 4. c.90L sieved 0005 5 Topsoil Layer 0005 Topsoil, Tr 5. c.90L sieved 0006 1 Pit Cut 0006 Small, shallow, circular posthole with rounded profile 0007 1 Pit Fill 0006 Dark blackish orange clay, rich in charcoal. Occasional stones 0008 2 Ditch Cut 0008 E‐W aligned ditch with moderately sloping sides breaking to a concave base. Rounded profile 0009 2 Ditch Fill 0008 Dark orangey grey compact clay with moderate stones and flint of all sizes. Upper fill, clear horizon with 0010 0010 2 Ditch Fill 0008 Orangey grey sandy silty clay, friable, with moderate stones and occasional chalk. Basal fill 0011 4 Ditch Cut 0011 NE‐SW aligned ditch in W end of trench. W side almose vertical, E side c.40 degree, both breaking gradually to a generally flat base with some uneven areas 0012 4 Ditch Fill 0011 Compact mid grey brown sandy clay with occasional charcoal flecks. Upper ditch fill 0013 4 Ditch Fill 0011 Mid grey clay, v compact, in base of ditch 0011 0014 4 Deposit 0014 Compact mid orangey brown mottled clay. Appears in a fairly discreet area in E end of Tr 4, possibly settled into the top of ditch 0011 but not necessarily a distinct fill of it 0015 4 Subsoil Layer 0015 Mid‐pale yellow brown mottled clay sand layer with occasional ‐ regular charcoal flecks. Seals natural subsoil in Tr 4 0016 2 Subsoil Layer 0016 Mid‐pale yellow brown mottled clay sand layer with occasional ‐ regular charcoal flecks. Seals natural subsoil in Tr 2 0017 5 Ditch Cut 0017 Shallow, narrow ditch with a rounded profile 0018 5 Ditch Fill 0017 Mid grey brown sandy clay 0019 4 Ditch Cut 0019 Large NE‐SW aligned ditch in W end of Tr 4. V steep, almost vertical sides breaking gradually to a generally flat base

Context Feature Feature Trench Category Description Number Type Number 0020 4 Ditch Fill 0019 Dark grey clay, v compact. Homogenous on SE side of the ditch but gradually blends into 0021 on the NW side where it is flecked with chalk and v occasional charcoal flecks 0021 4 Ditch Fill 0019 Pale‐mid grey friable sandy clay which grades into 0020. 0022 4 Ditch Fill 0019 Mid brown sandy clay 0023 4 Ditch Fill 0019 Dark grey brown clay, slightly humic. Layer made of compact lumps which break apart suggesting the fill is not consolidated 0024 5 Ditch Cut 0024 Narrow, shallow ditch cut with rounded profile 0025 5 Ditch Fill 0024 Upper fill of ditch. Thin layer of dark blackish brown sandy clay rich in charcoal. Regular small fragments of heat altered flint. Environmental sample taken 0026 5 Ditch Fill 0024 Lower fill of ditch. Pale‐mid yellowish brown sandy clay 0027 3 Ditch Cut 0027 Narrow, shallow ditch with a rounded profile 0028 3 Ditch Fill 0027 Basal ditch fill. Dark grey silty clay 0029 3 Ditch Fill 0027 Mid grey silty clay 0030 3 Ditch Cut 0030 Shallow ditch with steep SE side and gradually sloping NW side. Generally rounded, slightly irregular base 0031 3 Ditch Fill 0030 Basal ditch fill. Dark grey compact sandy clay with occasional flints. 0032 3 Ditch Fill 0030 Upper ditch fill. Pale grey compact silty clay with occasional flints 0033 3 Ditch Cut 0033 Large ditch with steep sloping sides breaking to a generally flat base 0034 3 Ditch Fill 0033 Mid blueish grey compact silty clay with occ flint 0035 3 Ditch Fill 0033 Dark grey brown clay, slightly humic. Layer made of compact lumps which break apart suggesting the fill is not consolidated 0036 3 Subsoil Layer 0036 Mid‐pale yellow brown mottled clay sand layer with occasional ‐ regular charcoal flecks. Seals natural subsoil in Tr 3 0037 5 Subsoil Layer 0037 Mid‐pale yellow brown mottled clay sand layer with occasional ‐ regular charcoal flecks. Seals natural subsoil in Tr 5

Appendix 3. Pottery

Rim Samp. Sherd diam. Fabric Pottery Ctxt No. Fabric Form Decoration type No Wt/g ENV EVE (cm) State Illus. Comments date date transfer printing: golden meander plate or shallow running between Greek-style 0001 RWE bowl two thin red lines p 1 1 1 0.03 20 decoration Pmed 20th c. dark-brown 0002 NVC coating p 1 1 1 fineware Rom 2nd-4th c. 18th-20th 0002 RWE p 1 2 1 Pmed c.

Appendix 4. Bulk finds catalogue

Ctxt Pottery CBM Clay PMed Glass PMed Glass Animal Charcoal Other Finds Ceramic Sample tobacco Bottle Window bone Spotdate pipe No Wt/g No Wt/g No Wt/g No Wt/g No Wt/g No Wt/g No Wt/g No Finds 0001 1 1 2 36 2 1 1 20 1 5 3 1 Iron Nails: 1-3g; Pmed, Modern hose clip: 1- 18g; Asbestos: 1- 11g;

0002 2 4 1 1 2 5 1 1 Conglomerate: 3 - Pmed, 47g; Worked flint: 2 – 8g 0007 1 4

0023 1 13

0025 1 Heat Altered Flint, Heat Altered Stone, Bone, 0035 1 224

Appendix 5. Oasis form

OASIS ID: suffolka1-287892

Project details Project name ECB 5149 Land opposite the Bungalow, Padnal Short description of the Five 20m evaluation trenches were excavated in advance of a small project scale housing development Project dates Start: 10-07-2017 End: 02-08-2017 Previous/future work Yes / Not known Any associated project ECB 5149 - HER event no. reference codes Any associated project 16/01725/OUT - Planning Application No. reference codes Type of project Field evaluation Site status None Current Land use Other 15 - Other Monument type DITCH None Monument type PIT None Significant Finds CERAMIC Roman Significant Finds FLINT Late Prehistoric Significant Finds CERAMIC Modern Methods & techniques ''Sample Trenches'' Development type Rural residential Prompt Direction from Local Planning Authority - PPS Position in the planning After outline determination (eg. As a reserved matter) process

Project location Country England Site location CAMBRIDGESHIRE EAST CAMBRIDGESHIRE LITTLEPORT ECB 5149 Land opposite the Bungalow, Padnal Study area 0.32 Hectares Site coordinates TL 5734 8623 52.450927555572 0.315619456599 52 27 03 N 000 18 56 E Point Height OD / Depth Min: 1m Max: 3m

Project creators Name of Organisation Suffolk Archaeology CIC Project brief originator Local Planning Authority (with/without advice from County/District Archaeologist) Project design originator Gemma Stewart Project director/manager John Craven Project supervisor Linzi Everett

Type of sponsor/funding Developer body Name of sponsor/funding Mr. Trevor Buckley body

Project archives Physical Archive recipient Cambridgeshire HER Physical Archive ID ECB5149 Physical Contents ''Worked stone/lithics'',''Animal Bones'',''Ceramics'',''Glass'' Digital Archive recipient ADHS Digital Archive ID ECB5149 Digital Contents ''other'' Digital Media available ''Images raster / digital photography'',''Text'' Paper Archive recipient Cambridgeshire HER Paper Archive ID ECB5149 Paper Contents ''other'' Paper Media available ''Correspondence'',''Photograph'',''Unpublished Text''

Project bibliography 1 Grey literature (unpublished document/manuscript) Publication type Title 2017/65 ECB 5149 Land opposite The Bungalow, Padnal, Littleport Author(s)/Editor(s) Everett, L. Other bibliographic details 2017/65 Date 2017 Issuer or publisher SACIC Place of issue or Needham Market publication Suffolk Archaeology CIC Unit 5 | Plot 11 | Maitland Road | Lion Barn Industrial Estate Needham Market | Suffolk | IP6 8NZ

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