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Aspects of Bronze Age Xetalwork in Northern ASPECTS OF BRONZE AGE XETALWORK IN NORTHERN EAST ANGLIA by Colin F. Pendleton BA Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, October 1992 Volume 2 ABBREVIATIONS A Ashmolean, Oxford ACM Ainwick Castle Museum Al Aldeburgh Museum, Suffolk BAR British Archaeological Reports BB Bishop Banner's Cottages Museum, Norfolk BC Bristol City Museum BCM Birmingham City Museum BM British Museum BMA Bolton Museum and Art Gallery CE Colchester and Essex Museum CFP C. F. Pendleton CM Chatteris Museum, Cambridgeshire CUM Cambridge University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology E Elveden Estate Museum EBA Early Bronze Age GJ Geographical Journal GYM Great Yarmouth Museum, Norfolk HCM Herts County Museum, St. Albans IA Iron Age IM Ipswich Museum, Suffolk INV ARCH. Inventaria Archaeologica KLM Kings Lynn Museum, Norfolk LEBA Late Early Bronze Age LM London Museum LNI Limerick National Institue for'Education LPX Liverpool Museum MA Manchester Museum MBA Middle Bronze Age MH Moyses Hall Museum, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk MM Mildenhall Museum, Suffolk NA Norfolk Archaeology NBIC National Bronze Implement Catalogue, ' British Museum NCM Norwich Castle Museum NM Norris Museum, St. Ives, Cambridgshire NMI National Museum of Ireland NSXR Norfolk Sites and Monuments Record P Peterborough Museum PCAS Proceedings of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society PE Passmore Edwards Museum, London PPS Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society PSIA Proceedings of the Suffolk Institue of Archaeology RO Royal Ontario Museum, Ontario, Canada SAU Suffolk Archaeological Unit SEX Sandringham Estate Museum, Norfolk SSMR Suffolk Sites and Monuments Record SW Saffron Walden Museum, Essex T Thetford Museum, Norfolk TC Taunton Castle Museum, Somerset TCHAS Transactions of the Cambridge and Huntingdon Archaeological Society W Wisbech Museum, Cambridgeshire NORTH-VES'T SUFFOLK SURVEY: CATALOGUE COMPENDIUJ( HOARDS No. Obiect L (erns) Parish No. Collection Remarks Fig H1,1 Flanged axe 13,0 MNLMISC NK ? 1 Flanged 12,8 .2 axe MNLMISC NK ? 1 Flanged 11.1 .3 axe MNLMISC NK ? Decorated I Flanged 10.8 .4 axe MNLMISC NK LNIS No,350 I H2(a), 1 Sword 53,6 MNL081 C E Assoc t? ) 2 Rapier 40,0 MNL ,2 081 C E with H2(b) 2 Rapier 21,9 .3 MNL081 C E and H2(c 2 Awl 10,2 ,4 MNL081 C E 2 H2(b), 1 Sheet bronze 7,3+ MNL081 C E Assoc t? ) 2 Two 0,7D .2 rivets MNL081 C E with H2(a) - Flesh hooks 11,2+ ,3 MNL081 C E and H2(c) 2 H2tc), 1 Rapier tip 6,6+ MNL081 C E Assoc (7) 2 with H2(a) and H2(b) H3,1 Palstave 11.2 ERL?MISC NK PE 16292 cf Stibbard 3 hoard? Palstave 11,1 Stibbard 3 .2 ERL?MISC NK TC cf hoard? Palstave 10,5 Stibbard .3 ERL?MISC NK MH1977-732 cf - hoard? Palstave 9,7 3 .4 ERL?MISC NK MHF53 cf Stibbard hoard? Palstave 10,65 3 ,5 ERL?MISC NK MHF54 cf Stibbard hoard? Lp .6 palstave 11,4 ERL?MISC NK BM 66.6-27.49 cf Stibbard 3 hoard? Lp 11,4 IKL MISC NK BM 1916,6-5,168 cf Stibbard 3 ,7 palstave hoard? H4. I Socketed axe 8.55 CAMMISC NK CUM1897,87 a Socketed 10.1 CAMMISC NK CUM1897,88 .2 axe a Socketed 9,6 CAMMISC NK CUM1897,86 ,3 axe a HS,1 Copper inqot ?' IKL 015 C? Socketed 8.5 IKL 015 C MMMIHLM 64,1 ,2 axe 4 'Other ? IKL 015 C? .3 axes' H6,1 Socketed axe ? LKHMISC NK CUM1908,424 fragments Palstave 5,9+ LKHMISC NK CUM1908,424 5 .2 Sword 8,0+ LKH MISC NK CUM1908,424 5 .3 Cake 4,2 LKHMISC NK CUM1908.424 5 .4 Cake 4.7 LKHMISC NK CUM1908,424 5 Cake 4.3 LKHMISC NK CUM1908,424 5 Cake 4,0 LKHMISC NK CUM1908,424 5 .7 Cake 3.5 LKHMISC NK CUM1308,424 5 ,3 H7,1 Socketed axe 9.7 LKH NK CUM1909 Cake 5,0 NK CUM1906.13A IO ,2 LKH Cake 8,8 LKHMISC NK CUM1906.738 14 6 Socketedaxe 8.5 LKHMISC NK CUM1907.21 8 Socketedaxe 8.3 LKHMISC NK CUM1907.28 ä Socketedaxe 10.8 LKHMISC NK CUM1907,140 Socketed 7,0+ NK CUM1907,141 6 .7 axe LKHMISC Socketed 6.4 LKH NK CUM? 8 ,8 axe MISC Socketed 6,25 8 .9 axe LKHMISC NK CUM1908,111 10 Socketed 10,0 LKHMISC NK CUM1909.91 7 , axe 11 Socketed 9.75 LKHMISC 1909,92 7 . axe NK CUM 12 Socketed 10,1 LKHMISC NK CUM1909,93 7 , axe 13 Socketed 9,7 LKHMISC NK CUM1909,94 b . axe 14 Socketedknife 4.6+ LKHMISC CUM1909.96 I0 . NK 15 Socketed 10,15 LKH MISC NK CUM1910.94 9 . axe Socketed 10,0 LKHMISC NK CUM1910.95 9 '16 axe 17 Socketed 10.7 LKHMISC 1910.133 7 , axe NK CUM 18 Socketed 8,5 LKH MISC NK CUM1910,139 6 . axe 19 Socketed 10.8 LKH MISC NK CUMZ4288 9 . axe 20 Socketed 7,9 LKH 8 . axe MISC NK CUM1908,110 21 Socketed 8,4 LKH NK ? 8 . axe 22 Socketed 8,5 LKH CUM1910,140 6 . axe NK 23 Socketed 5,8 LKH CUM1910.141 8 . axe NK H3,1 Socketedaxe 6.65+ IKL 085 C PP 11 Socketed 8,5+ PP iI .2 axe IKL 085 C Socketed 6,6+ IKL 085 C PP II .3 axe Socketed 10.5 11 .4 axe IKL 085 C PP Socketed IKL 085 C II .5 axe PP fragnents Bun ? ? IKL .6 ingot 085 C ? H9,1 Peggedsp earhead 17,5 LKH NK CUM1910,231 12 Spearhead 17,0+ 12 .2 LKH NK CUM1910,232 H10,1 Socketedaxe 10.9 LKHMISC NK IM 1934.214 13 Socketed 9.9 13 ,2 axe LKHMISC NK IM 1934.215 HI1, I Peggedsp earhead 6.3 MNLMISC NK ? 13 Spearhead ? .2 MNLMISC NK ? H12,1 Socketedaxe WNG012 A E - Socketed axe WNG012 E .2 A - Socketed WNG012 ,3 axe A E - Socketed ,4 axe WNG012 A E - (facetted) Socketed WNG012 A .5 axe E - (chisel) Socketed WNG012 A E ,6 axe - Socketed WNG012 A E ,7 axe Fraa only - Socketed WNG012 A E .8 axe Fraq only - Socketed WNG012 A E .9 axe Fraq only - 10 Socketed WNG012 A E . axe Fraa only - 11 Socketed WNG012 A E Fraa . axe only - 12 Palstave! WNG012 A E Fraq . only wingedaxe 13 Spearhead A E Fraq . WNG012 only - 14 Peqqed E Fraq , spearhead WNG012 A only - H13.1 Socketedaxes EXGMISC NK ? - Spearheads ? .2 EXGMISC NK - 'Bullae' 1852,6-26,103 ,3 EXGMISC NK GM - Pin .4 and chain EXGMISC NK ? - Gouge .5 EXGMISC NK ? Arrowhead .6 EXGMISC NK ? - 'Armour'(?) ,7 EXGMISC NK ? - Fused .8 metal EXGMISC NK ? - H14,1 Spearhead 8.4+ MNL NK ? 13 2 Lead object 2,50 MNL NK ? 133 H15J Spearhead ? MNL 198 C ? - Spearhead ? MNL193 C ? .2 HI6.1 Winqed chape 11,6 MNLMISC NK IM 1936-244,I3 Id Winged 12,5 MNLMISC NK IM 1936-244,14 14 .2 chape HI7.1 Socketedchisel 7,2 SRO070 C PP 14 Small 10 palstave 11,9 C PP Unfinished I5 .2 BRD070 cf Stibbard hoard Palstave ? BRD070 C PP .3 H18,1 Palstave ci8,1 ERL 076 C PP M/d 15 Palstave I5,5 ERL 076 C PP M/d 15 .2* Palstave 16.7 ERL 076 C PP M/d Is ,3 Palstave ? ERL 076 C PP M/d ,4 H19,1 Flanged axe 10,1 MNL NK CEPC 1884 Flanged 10.9 MNL NK CEPC 1884 .2 axe Palstave MNL NK CEPC 1882 Blade haft 16 .3 only 20,1 Rapier 7,5+ MNL446 C PP Tip 16 Rapier 18,6+ MNL446 C PP Hilt and oart 16 .2 blade 16 Rapier 1,7 MNL446 C PP 16 .3 rivet INDIVIDUALFINDS: FLATAND FLANGED AXES 1 Flat axe ? MNL NK ? 2 Flat axe ? MNL NK ? 3 Flat axe 16,0 MNLMISC NK A 1927,2360 17 4 Flat axe 11,7 MNLMISC NK IM 1932.49 13 5 Flat axe 15,4 MNLMISC NK A 1927,2361 17 6 Flat axe 15.6 MNL077 C MMSF. B, 10 Stolen 17 7 Flat axe ? MNL NK ? 8 Flat axe c13,0 MNL C ? Stolen - 9 Flat axe 2.84 LKH C PP 19 10 Flat axe 14.6+ LKH NK BV 20 11 Flat axe 14,7 BRD052 A PP 19 12 Flat axe 1413 ERLMISC NK A 1927.2359 20 13 Flat axe 9,9 IKL NK ? 18 14 Flat axe 10,0 IKL MISC NK A 1927,2366 18 15 Flat axe 12,1 EXG NK BM66.6,27.9 13 16 Flat axe 7,6 FRK017 C MMMIHLM 84,1 13 17 Flat axe 19.3 IKL MISC NK A 1927,2367 Slight flanges 20 18 Flat axe 9,95 EXGMISC NK BM 1935,12-14.1 (Fake) - 19 Flat axe 6,5 MNLMISC NK A 1927,2373 Slight flanges 23 20 Flat axe 9.9 LKH NK ? Slight flanges 21 21 Flat axe 9.1 MNL? NK SM56,6-27.41 Slight flanges 21 22 Flat axe 8.1 MNL C PP Slight flanges 21 23 Flat axe 7.2 IKL MISC A A 1927,2374 Slight flanges 23 24 Flat axe 10.0 CAM NK CUM97,89 Slight flanaes 21 25 Flanged axe 9,5 MNLMISC NK IM 1920,51,5 Slight flanges 21 26 Flanged axe 14.4 LKH A CUM1932.240 Slight flanges - 27 Flanged axe 11,75 MNLMISC NK PP 23 28 Haft flanged 15,3 MNLMISC NK MH1977.735 22 29 Haft flanged 16,7 MNLMISC NK 1M 1920,51.3 22 30 Haft flanged 12,6 MNLMISC NK IM 1920.51,2 23 31 ? ? MNL194 C MMMIHLM 54.20 Stolen - 32 Haft flanged 15,0 MNLMISC NK PP 22 33 Flanged axe? 7.5+ MNLMISC NK IM 1920,51.13 23 34 Haft flanged 17,1 LKH MISC NK IM 1920.51.4 22 35 Flanged axe 13.9 LKHMISC NK BC Fawcett coil, ?CB 34X 36 Flanqedaxe? ? MNL A Possibly 81 23 37 Flanged axe? 3.2+ CAM016 C PP 23 PALSTAVES 38 Palstave ? MNL NK CUMZ39501 Not located - 39 Palstave 115,9 LKHMISC A NCM143.961 24 40 Lo palstave 16,3 MNLMISC NK IM 1920,51,9 26 41 Lp palstave 15.2 MNL NK IM 1920.51,6 27 42 palstave 17,0 MNLMISC NK IM 1920,51,7 28 43 Lo paistave 14,2 MNLMISC NK IM 1920,51.8 Possibly Irish 26 44 Palstave 12.7 MNL NK A 1927.2602 31 45 Palstave 13,1 MNLMISC NK CUM23,1555 31 46 Palstave 7,8+ MNL NK CUMZ, 4292 - 47 Lp palstave 12,7 MNL C MH1977.731 27 48 Palstave 14.1 MNL NK CUM34.809 Probably Irish 26 49 Lo palstave 17,2 MNL NK ? 28 50 Palstave C15.9 MNLMISC NK 7 - 51 Palstave 14,9 MNL054 C MMMIHLM58.
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