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UK Onshore Scheme Environmental Statement Volume 4 Document ES-4-B.08 Appendix 12 Archaeology & Cultural Heritage (Proposed Underground DC Cable)

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UK Onshore Scheme Environmental Statement Volume 4 Document ES-4-B.08 Appendix 12 Archaeology & Cultural Heritage (Proposed Underground DC Cable) UK Onshore Scheme Environmental Statement Volume 4 Document ES-4-B.08 Appendix 12 Archaeology & Cultural Heritage (Proposed Underground DC Cable) VKL-08-39-G500-009 August 2017 © National Grid Viking Link Limited 2017. The reproduction or transmission of all or part of this report without the written permission of the owner, is prohibited and the commission of any unauthorised act in relation to the report may result in civil or criminal actions. National Grid Viking Link Limited will not be liable for any use which is made of opinions or views expressed within it. Contents Appendix 12.1 Desk Based Assessment .................................................................................................... 1 Appendix 12.2 Aerial Photograph and LiDAR Assessment ........................................................................... Appendix 12.3 Geophysical Survey Report................................................................................................... Appendix 12.4 Archaeology Mitigation Strategy ............................................................................................ Viking Link: UK Onshore Scheme August 2017 Environmental Statement (ES-4-B.08) VKL-08-39-G500-009 Viking Link: UK Onshore Scheme August 2017 Environmental Statement (ES-4-B.08) VKL-08-39-G500-009 Appendix 12.1 Desk Based Assessment Viking Link: UK Onshore Scheme Environmental Statement (ES-4-B.08) Appendix 12. Archaeology & Cultural Heritage (Proposed Underground DC Cable) UK Onshore Scheme Volume 4 Document ES-4-B.08 Appendix 12.1 Desk Based Assessment Archaeology & Cultural Heritage (Proposed Underground DC Cable) VKL-08-39-G500-009 August 2017 © National Grid Viking Link Limited 2017. The reproduction or transmission of all or part of this report without the written permission of the owner, is prohibited and the commission of any unauthorised act in relation to the report may result in civil or criminal actions. National Grid Viking Link Limited will not be liable for any use which is made of opinions or views expressed within it. Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 9 1.2 Project Background and Purpose of this Document ....................................................................... 9 1.3 Methodology.................................................................................................................................. 9 1.4 Sources ....................................................................................................................................... 11 1.5 Assessment Criteria .................................................................................................................... 12 1.6 Report Structure .......................................................................................................................... 15 2 LEGISLATION AND POLICY CONTEXT ................................................................. 16 2.1 Relevant Legislation .................................................................................................................... 16 2.2 Relevant National Policy .............................................................................................................. 16 2.3 Relevant Local Policy .................................................................................................................. 17 2.4 Guidance..................................................................................................................................... 23 3 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................ 24 3.1 Location ...................................................................................................................................... 24 3.2 Geology and Topography ............................................................................................................ 24 3.3 Archaeological and historical context ........................................................................................... 25 4 BASELINE CONDITIONS ........................................................................................ 31 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 31 4.2 Route Section 1 Proposed Landfall to Well High Lane ................................................................. 31 4.3 Route Section 2 Well High Lane to A16 (Keal Road) .................................................................... 41 4.4 Route Section 3 A16 (Keal Road) to River Witham ...................................................................... 59 4.5 Route Section 4 River Witham to the Proposed Converter Station................................................ 71 5 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS .............................................. 80 5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 80 5.2 All Route Sections ....................................................................................................................... 80 5.3 Route Section 1 Proposed Landfall to Well High Lane ................................................................. 81 5.4 Route Section 2 Well High Lane to A16 (Keal Road) .................................................................... 81 5.5 Route Section 3 A16 (Keal Road) to River Witham ...................................................................... 83 5.6 Route Section 4 River Witham to the Proposed Converter Station................................................ 84 6 SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT ................................................................................ 87 6.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 87 6.2 Summary..................................................................................................................................... 87 7 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 90 UK Onshore Scheme August 2017 Environmental Statement (ES-4-B.08) VKL-08-39-G500-009 List of Tables Table 1 Value Criteria of heritage assets .................................................................................................. 13 Table 2 Factors for assessing a hierarchy of significance of Heritage Assets Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 3 Factors for assessing the value of Archaeological Assets ............................................................ 13 Table 4 Criteria for Establishing Value of Historic Buildings ...................................................................... 14 List of Plates Plate 1: View of Manor Farmhouse looking south (Photo 391) 33 Plate 2 Photograph facing west towards Ring Holt Bowl Barrow (SM3) (Photo 623) 43 Plate 3 Photograph facing north-east towards Brickfields (LB28) (Photo 536) 44 Plate 4 Photograph looking west towards Shorts Corner Pillbox (116) (Photo 32) 67 Plate 5 Photograph looking south at RAF East Kirkby (156) (Photo 436) 68 List of Appendices Appendix 12.1.1 Gazetteer of Heritage Assets Appendix 12.1.2 Archaeological Walkover Survey Report Appendix 12.1.3 Archaeological Events List of Figures Figure 1. Planning application boundary and 250m Zone of Influence Map. Figure 2. Heritage Assets UK Onshore Scheme August 2017 Environmental Statement (ES-4-B.08) VKL-08-39-G500-009 Glossary & Abbreviations Glossary of Terms Term Meaning Beehive quern stone Beehive quern stone is where the upper stone is hemispherical or bun shaped with a central conical hopper that holds the grain which falls on to the grinding surface. This is held into position with a pivot that fits into a central hole in the bottom. The upper stone also has a deep horizontal socket in its steep side in which to place the wooden peg used as a handle to rotate or oscillate the upper stone. This is the earliest type of rotary quern in Britain. Rotary querns are where the grinding action is circular. Cropmarks Cropmarks are formed when the underlying moisture levels varies which effects the growth of agricultural produce (Ref. 1). This can be from an increase in moisture levels, from a negative feature such as a ditch or pit which produces a richer crop, or a reduced moisture level, from a positive feature such as a wall which results in a poorer yield. The best response for cropmarks is between June and July each year. This is however subject to many factors and the absence of cropmarks many not indicate the absence of archaeological features (Ref. 1). Datum Datum is an ordnance survey term for sea level. Domesday Book The Domesday Book is a manuscript record of the ‘Great Survey’ which was conducted in most of England and Wales and commissioned by William the Conqueror. The first draft was complete in August 1086 and written in Medieval Latin. Its original purpose was to establish what taxes had been owed during the reign of King Edward the Confessor, this helped William to reassert the right of the Crown and assess where the power lay in the land. The book contains the records of 13,418 settlements. Geld The Domesday Book records the tax, or geld unit, to the King or Lord. Geophysical survey Technology such as fluxgate gradiometer (for magnetometry) and resistance meter (for resistivity) are
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