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Skýrsla Fastanefndar Íslands Hjá Sameinuðu Þjóðunum Um Starfsemi 62

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Skýrsla Fastanefndar Íslands Hjá Sameinuðu Þjóðunum Um Starfsemi 62 Skýrsla um 62. allsherjarþing SÞ 2007/2008 Skýrsla fastanefndar Íslands hjá Sameinuðu þjóðunum um starfsemi 62. allsherjarþingsins 2007/2008 auk yfirlits um starf öryggisráðsins og efnahags- og félagsmálaráðsins ágúst 2007 til júlí 2008 1 Fastanefnd Íslands hjá SÞ í New York Útgefandi: Fastanefnd Íslands hjá SÞ 800 Third Avenue, 36th fl. New York, NY 10022 Sími:(1) 212-593-2700 Fax: (1) 212-593-6269 Netfang: [email protected] Prentun: InstantPublisher.com © Fastanefnd Íslands hjá SÞ 2 Skýrsla um 62. allsherjarþing SÞ 2007/2008 Efnisyfirlit Inngangur............................................................................................... 5 Sendinefnd Íslands................................................................................. 5 Fulltrúar þingflokka .......................................................................... 5 Starfsfólk fastanefndar Íslands í New York ...................................... 6 Forseti 62. allsherjarþings Sameinuðu þjóðanna.................................... 6 Fundir utanríkisráðherra við setningu þingsins...................................... 6 Tvíhliða viðræður ráðherra .................................................................... 8 Almennt um starfsemi fastanefndar ....................................................... 8 Framboð Íslands til öryggisráðsins ................................................... 8 Stofnun stjórnmálasambanda .......................................................... 14 Samstarf Norðurlanda ..................................................................... 15 Hópur vestrænna ríkja (WEOG) ..................................................... 15 Málefni sem heyra beint undir allsherjarþingið ................................... 15 Ársskýrsla aðalframkvæmdastjóra SÞ............................................. 15 Skýrsla efnahags- og félagsmálaráðs SÞ (ECOSOC)...................... 16 Viðskiptabann Bandaríkjanna gegn Kúbu....................................... 16 Mannúðarmál og neyðaraðstoð ....................................................... 16 Alþjóðakjarnorkumálastofnunin...................................................... 17 Palestína og ástandið í Mið-Austurlöndum..................................... 17 Styrking allsherjarþingsins.............................................................. 18 Málefni hafsins................................................................................ 18 Kosningar........................................................................................ 22 Endurbætur á starfsemi SÞ - Eftirfylgni leiðtogafundar SÞ 2005.... 24 Umferðaröryggi............................................................................... 31 Flutningar fólks milli landa og þróun.............................................. 31 Fyrsta nefnd: Afvopnunar- og öryggismál........................................... 31 Önnur nefnd: Efnahags-, þróunar- og umhverfismál ........................... 33 Þriðja nefnd: Félags- og mannréttindamál ........................................... 36 Fjórða nefnd: Sérstaka stjórnmála- og nýlendunefndin ....................... 38 Fimmta nefnd: Fjárhags- og stjórnsýslumál......................................... 40 Sjötta nefnd: Þjóðréttarmál .................................................................. 44 Öryggisráðið ........................................................................................ 45 3 Fastanefnd Íslands hjá SÞ í New York Efnahags- og félagsmálaráð Sameinuðu þjóðanna (ECOSOC) ........... 52 Skipulag og verksvið ECOSOC ...................................................... 52 Árlegur fundur ECOSOC................................................................ 53 Ályktanir í ECOSOC....................................................................... 54 Sérstakur fundur ECOSOC um fæðuskort ...................................... 55 Kvennanefnd Sameinuðu þjóðanna (Commission on the Status of Women, CSW)............................................................................ 55 Nefnd um sjálfbæra þróun (CSD) ................................................... 57 Önnur nefndastörf og sérstakir fundir í New York .............................. 58 Framkvæmdastjórn UNDP/UNFPA................................................ 58 Ársfundur Upplýsinganefndar Sameinuðu þjóðanna ...................... 58 Sáttmálanefnd Sameinuðu þjóðanna ............................................... 59 Afvopnunarnefnd SÞ....................................................................... 59 Fundur aðildarríkja alþjóðlega sakamáladómstólsins ..................... 60 Fundur um þúsaldarmarkmið SÞ í þróunarmálum .......................... 61 Fundur tileinkaður réttindum barna................................................. 61 10 ár frá gildistöku efnavopnasamningsins..................................... 62 Ráðherrafundir um loftslagsbreytingar ........................................... 62 Ráðherrafundur SÞ um alnæmi, 10. til 11. júní 2008...................... 63 I. viðauki: Ræða Ingibjargar Sólrúnar Gísladóttur, utanríkisráðherra, í almennri stjórnmálaumræðu á allsherjarþinginu, 28. september 2007 ................................................. 64 II. viðauki: Ræður í öryggisráði Sameinuðu þjóðanna ........................ 68 III. viðauki: Ræður í allsherjarþinginu og undirnefndum .................... 78 IV. viðauki: Ræður í efnahags- og félagsmálaráði SÞ (ECOSOC) og undirnefndum................................................................................ 109 V. viðauki: Aðrar ræður..................................................................... 118 VI. viðauki: Ályktanir allsherjarþingsins........................................... 140 VII. viðauki: Ályktanir 1. nefndar ..................................................... 143 VIII. viðauki: Ályktanir 2. nefndar .................................................... 148 IX. viðauki: Ályktanir 3. nefndar....................................................... 151 X. viðauki: Ályktanir 4. nefndar ........................................................ 156 XI. viðauki: Ályktanir 5. nefndar....................................................... 158 XII. viðauki: Ályktanir 6. nefndar ..................................................... 162 4 Skýrsla um 62. allsherjarþing SÞ 2007/2008 Inngangur Skýrslu þessari er ætlað að gefa yfirlit um störf fastanefndar Íslands á 62. allsherjarþingi Sameinuðu þjóðanna (SÞ). Einnig er fjallað um starf öryggisráðs SÞ og efnahags- og félagsmálaráðs SÞ (ECOSOC) frá ágúst 2007 til loka júlí 2008. Í viðauka eru ræður ráðherra, fastafulltrúa og annarra fulltrúa Íslands í allsherjarþinginu, nefndum þess, í öryggisráðinu og ECOSOC. Þá eru þar töflur sem sýna mál hverrar nefndar og afgreiðslu þeirra, sem og afstöðu Íslands til mála við atkvæðagreiðslur. Sendinefnd Íslands Ingibjörg Sólrún Gísladóttir, utanríkisráðherra, formaður Hjálmar W. Hannesson, sendiherra, fastafulltrúi, varaformaður Þórunn Sveinbjarnardóttir, umhverfisráðherra Grétar Már Sigurðsson, sendiherra, ráðuneytisstjóri Harald Aspelund, sendifulltrúi, varafastafulltrúi Kristrún Heimisdóttir, aðstoðarkona utanríkisráðherra Anna Kristín Ólafsdóttir, aðstoðarkona umhverfisráðherra Kristín A. Árnadóttir, sérlegur sendierindreki utanríkisráðherra Nikulás Hannigan, skrifstofustjóri skrifstofu alþjóðamála Tómas H. Heiðar, þjóðréttarfræðingur utanríkisráðuneytisins Emil Breki Hreggviðsson, sendiráðunautur Matthías Geir Pálsson, sendiráðunautur Anna Hjartardóttir, fyrsti sendiráðsritari María Mjöll Jónsdóttir, annar sendiráðsritari Thor H. Thors, ráðgjafi Petrína Bachmann, ráðgjafi Arndís D. Arnardóttir, ráðgjafi Ágúst Flygenring, starfsnemi Guðmundur Gísli Ingólfsson, starfsnemi Fulltrúar þingflokka Arnbjörg Sveinsdóttir Árni Páll Árnason Ásta Möller Birgir Ármannsson Helgi Hjörvar Steingrímur J. Sigfússon 5 Fastanefnd Íslands hjá SÞ í New York Starfsfólk fastanefndar Íslands í New York Hjálmar W. Hannesson, sendiherra, fastafulltrúi Harald Aspelund, sendifulltrúi, varafastafulltrúi Emil Breki Hreggviðsson, sendiráðunautur Matthías Geir Pálsson, sendiráðunautur Anna Hjartardóttir, fyrsti sendiráðsritari María Mjöll Jónsdóttir, annar sendiráðsritari Petrína Bachmann, sendiráðsfulltrúi Arndís D. Arnardóttir, stjórnarráðsfulltrúi (til apríl 2008) Kristín Anna Tryggvadóttir, stjórnarráðsfulltrúi (frá maí 2008) Ágúst Flygenring, starfsnemi (til janúar 2008) Guðmundur Gísli Ingólfsson, starfsnemi (frá mars til júlí 2008) Herculano Sabas, bifreiðastjóri, aðstoðarmaður Forseti 62. allsherjarþings Sameinuðu þjóðanna Sú nýjung að kjósa forseta allsherjarþingsins og varaforseta þremur mánuðum fyrir upphaf þess hefur mælst vel fyrir. Þá gefst nýkjörnum forseta meiri tími til að búa sig undir að taka við störfum við upphaf hvers allsherjarþings. Forseti 62. allsherjarþingsins var kjörinn 24. maí 2007. Fyrir valinu varð dr. Srgjan Kerim, fyrrverandi utanríkisráðherra Makedóníu. Varaforsetarnir sem kjörnir eru frá landahópunum fimm eru sextán að tölu og ennfremur eru fimm varaforsetar frá fastaríkjunum í öryggisráðinu (P-5). Fastafulltrúar Íslands og Tyrklands voru kjörnir varaforsetar fyrir Vesturlandahópinn (WEOG). Dr. Kerim nýtti varaforseta allsherjarþingsins meira en gert hefur verið. Fastafulltrúi Íslands stjórnaði því mörgum fundum 62. allsherjarþings. Forsetinn, varaforsetarnir og formenn sex fastanefnda allsherjarþingsins sitja saman í allsherjarnefnd (General Committee) allsherjarþingsins. Fundir utanríkisráðherra við setningu þingsins Þann 18. september 2007 var 62. allsherjarþingið sett og 24. september flutti Ingibjörg Sólrún Gísladóttir, utanríkisráðherra,
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