Flavian Urbanisation of Africa
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Chapter Four Sources of Augustine's Doctrine
CHAPTER FOUR SOURCES OF AUGUSTINE'S DOCTRINE OF THE TWO CITIES A. MANICHAEISM 1. 'Manichaeism' as an accusation For Augustine world history was one uninterrupted linear process, directed towards a final destination: the total separation of the two cities. Eternal blessedness awaits the citizens ofthe city of God; eter nal damnation those of the city of the devil. In this present age, the period between creation and the end of the world, the Church as the community of the children of God is in peregrination; she is looking forward to her definitive homecoming in the city of God, the heavenly Jerusalem. A number of investigators have referred to Manichaeism as the source of Augustine's clear-cut duality of the two cities and of vari ous concepts more or less related to it. This is not surprising. For nine years at least, the future bishop was an adherent of this gnostic religion, in the very period which is often regarded as being of criti cal importance for one's later view of life. Much of his first work seems to be imbued with Manichaean modes of thought!. Seeing that Augustine composed, towards the end of his life, a major work in which he placed the theme of the two kingdoms or cities in a cen tral position and strongly emphasized the absolute antithesis be tween these two societies, and stressed moreover the idea of the citizen of God's city sojourning as an alien here on earth, the ques tion of possible reminiscences of Manichaean ideas cannot be side stepped. -
Morphological Evolution of the Port‐City Interface of Algiers (16Th Century to the Present)
Urban Planning (ISSN: 2183–7635) 2021, Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages 119–135 https://doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i3.4017 Article Morphological Evolution of the Port‐City Interface of Algiers (16th Century to the Present) Khalil Bachir Aouissi 1, Said Madani 1 and Vincent Baptist 2,* 1 Laboratory PUViT, Ferhat Abbas University Setif 1, Algeria; E‐Mails: aouissikhalil@univ‐blida.dz (K.B.A.), smadani@univ‐setif.dz (S.M.) 2 Erasmus School of History, Culture and Communication, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands; E‐Mail: [email protected] * Corresponding author Submitted: 17 January 2021 | Accepted: 27 March 2021 | Published: 27 July 2021 Abstract This article traces the centuries‐long morphological development of Algiers’ port‐city interface across four historically rel‐ evant time periods that together span from the dawn of the 16th century up until today. Through a diachronic and geo‐ historical approach, we identify and analyse the origins of Algiers’ persistent port‐city divide. In doing so, the notion of the interface is interpreted as a spatial threshold between city and port, which nevertheless supports the material flows of both entities. As a multi‐purpose area, the interface holds the potential to weave the disparate entities of a port city back together. To further complement this conceptual angle, we provide investigations of porosity that determine the differing degrees of connectivity between the city and port of Algiers. This is combined with a spatial‐functional analysis of Algiers’ current port‐city interface, which is ultimately characterised as a non‐homogeneous entity composed of four distinct sequences. These results contribute to a better orientation of imminent plans for waterfront revitalisations in Algiers. -
Life with Augustine
Life with Augustine ...a course in his spirit and guidance for daily living By Edmond A. Maher ii Life with Augustine © 2002 Augustinian Press Australia Sydney, Australia. Acknowledgements: The author wishes to acknowledge and thank the following people: ► the Augustinian Province of Our Mother of Good Counsel, Australia, for support- ing this project, with special mention of Pat Fahey osa, Kevin Burman osa, Pat Codd osa and Peter Jones osa ► Laurence Mooney osa for assistance in editing ► Michael Morahan osa for formatting this 2nd Edition ► John Coles, Peter Gagan, Dr. Frank McGrath fms (Brisbane CEO), Benet Fonck ofm, Peter Keogh sfo for sharing their vast experience in adult education ► John Rotelle osa, for granting us permission to use his English translation of Tarcisius van Bavel’s work Augustine (full bibliography within) and for his scholarly advice Megan Atkins for her formatting suggestions in the 1st Edition, that have carried over into this the 2nd ► those generous people who have completed the 1st Edition and suggested valuable improvements, especially Kath Neehouse and friends at Villanova College, Brisbane Foreword 1 Dear Participant Saint Augustine of Hippo is a figure in our history who has appealed to the curiosity and imagination of many generations. He is well known for being both sinner and saint, for being a bishop yet also a fellow pilgrim on the journey to God. One of the most popular and attractive persons across many centuries, his influence on the church has continued to our current day. He is also renowned for his influ- ence in philosophy and psychology and even (in an indirect way) art, music and architecture. -
EUROPE in the Year 300
The Euratlas Map of EUROPE in the Year 300 This map shows the countries of Europe, North Africa and Middle East, in the year 300. For consistency reasons, the boundaries and positions of the entities have been drawn as they were on the beginning of the year 300, so far as our knowledge goes. Each entity has a unique colour, but the shade differences are not always perceptible. Map in Latin with English transla- tion. About 500 km 100 km = about 1.3 cm A euratlas Euratlas-Nüssli 2011 English Modern Names of the Cities if Different from the Old Ones Abdera Avdira Lindus Lindos Abydos Nagra Burnu, Çanakkale Lingones Langres Acragas Agrigento Lixus Larache Aduatuca Tongeren Londinium London Aegyssus Tulcea Luca Lucca Aeminium Coimbra Lucentum Alicante Aenus Enez Lucus Augusti Lugo Agathae Agde Lugdunum Lyon Alalia Aléria Lugdm. Convenarum St.-Bertrand-Comminges Albintiglium Ventimiglia Luguvalium Carlisle Altava Ouled Mimoun Lutetia Paris Amasia Amasya Malaca Málaga Amastris Amasra Manazacerta Malazgirt Amathus Ayios Tykhonas Mariana Bastia Airport Amida Diyarbakır Massilia Marseille Ancyra Ankara Mediolanum Milan Anemurion Anamur Mediol. Santonum Saintes Antakira Antequera Melitene Malatya Antiocheia Antakya, Antioch Melitta Mdina, Malta Apamea Kalat el-Mudik Melos Milos Apollonia Pojani Mesembria Nesebar Aquae Sulis Bath Meschista Mtskheta .euratlas.com Aquincum Óbuda, Budapest Miletus Balat Ara Rottweil Mina Relizane Arausio Orange Mogontiacum Mainz Arbela Arbil Mursa Osijek Archelaïs Aksaray Myra Demre Arco Arcos de la Frontera Naïssus Niš http://www Arelate Arelate Narbona Narbonne Argentaria Srebrenik Narona Vid-Metković Argentorate Strasbourg Neapolis Naples Arminium Rimini Nemauso Nîmes Arsinoe Faiyum Nicephorium Ar-Raqqah Artavil Ardabil Nicopolis Preveza-Nicopolis Artaxata Artashat Nicaea İznik Asculum Ascoli Piceno Nicomedia İzmit EMO 1 Aternum Pescara Nineve Mosul Athenae Athens Nisibis Nusaybin Attalia Antalya Numantia Soria, Garray . -
Federal Register/Vol. 84, No. 159/Friday, August 16, 2019/Rules
Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 159 / Friday, August 16, 2019 / Rules and Regulations 41909 PART 71—DESIGNATION OF CLASS A, imposed pursuant to an agreement cultural patrimony of Algeria is in B, C, D, AND E AIRSPACE AREAS; AIR between the United States and Algeria jeopardy from the pillage of TRAFFIC SERVICE ROUTES; AND that has been entered into under the archaeological material representing REPORTING POINTS authority of the Convention on Cultural Algeria’s cultural heritage dating from Property Implementation Act. The final approximately 2.4 million years up to ■ 1. The authority citation for part 71 rule amends CBP regulations by adding 250 years ago, including material continues to read as follows: Algeria to the list of countries which starting in the Paleolithic period and Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g); 40103, have a bilateral agreement with the going into the Ottoman period (19 40113, 40120; E.O. 10854, 24 FR 9565, 3 CFR, United States to impose cultural U.S.C. 2602(a)(1)(A)); (2) that the 1959–1963 Comp., p. 389. property import restrictions. The final Algerian government has taken rule also contains the Designated List measures consistent with the § 71.1 [Amended] that describes the types of Convention to protect its cultural ■ 2. The incorporation by reference in archaeological material to which the patrimony (19 U.S.C. 2602(a)(1)(B)); (3) 14 CFR 71.1 of FAA Order 7400.11C, restrictions apply. that import restrictions imposed by the Airspace Designations and Reporting DATES: Effective Date: August 14, 2019. United States would be of substantial benefit in deterring a serious situation of Points, dated August 13, 2018, and FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For pillage and remedies less drastic are not effective September 15, 2018, is legal aspects, Lisa L. -
Perspektiven Der Spolienforschung 2. Zentren Und Konjunkturen Der
Perspektiven der Spolienforschung Stefan Altekamp Carmen Marcks-Jacobs Peter Seiler (eds.) BERLIN STUDIES OF THE ANCIENT WORLD antiker Bauten, Bauteile und Skulpturen ist ein weitverbreite- tes Phänomen der Nachantike. Rom und der Maghreb liefern zahlreiche und vielfältige Beispiele für diese An- eignung materieller Hinterlassenscha en der Antike. Während sich die beiden Regionen seit dem Ausgang der Antike politisch und kulturell sehr unterschiedlich entwickeln, zeigen sie in der praktischen Umsetzung der Wiederverwendung, die zwischenzeitlich quasi- indus trielle Ausmaße annimmt, strukturell ähnliche orga nisatorische, logistische und rechtlich-lenkende Praktiken. An beiden Schauplätzen kann die Antike alternativ als eigene oder fremde Vergangenheit kon- struiert und die Praxis der Wiederverwendung utili- taristischen oder ostentativen Charakter besitzen. 40 · 40 Perspektiven der Spolien- forschung Stefan Altekamp Carmen Marcks-Jacobs Peter Seiler Bibliographische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliographie; detaillierte bibliographische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. © Edition Topoi / Exzellenzcluster Topoi der Freien Universität Berlin und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Abbildung Umschlag: Straßenkreuzung in Tripolis, Photo: Stefan Altekamp Typographisches Konzept und Einbandgestaltung: Stephan Fiedler Printed and distributed by PRO BUSINESS digital printing Deutschland GmbH, Berlin ISBN ---- URN urn:nbn:de:kobv:- First published Published under Creative Commons Licence CC BY-NC . DE. For the terms of use of the illustrations, please see the reference lists. www.edition-topoi.org INHALT , -, Einleitung — 7 Commerce de Marbre et Remploi dans les Monuments de L’Ifriqiya Médiévale — 15 Reuse and Redistribution of Latin Inscriptions on Stone in Post-Roman North-Africa — 43 Pulcherrima Spolia in the Architecture and Urban Space at Tripoli — 67 Adding a Layer. -
The History and Description of Africa and of the Notable Things Therein Contained, Vol
The history and description of Africa and of the notable things therein contained, Vol. 3 http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.CH.DOCUMENT.nuhmafricanus3 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org The history and description of Africa and of the notable things therein contained, Vol. 3 Alternative title The history and description of Africa and of the notable things therein contained Author/Creator Leo Africanus Contributor Pory, John (tr.), Brown, Robert (ed.) Date 1896 Resource type Books Language English, Italian Subject Coverage (spatial) Northern Swahili Coast;Middle Niger, Mali, Timbucktu, Southern Swahili Coast Source Northwestern University Libraries, G161 .H2 Description Written by al-Hassan ibn-Mohammed al-Wezaz al-Fasi, a Muslim, baptised as Giovanni Leone, but better known as Leo Africanus. -
"Dominus Muntanus". Mascula/Khenchela's Epigraph and the History of a Blunder
"Dominus Muntanus". Mascula/Khenchela's epigraph and the history of a blunder Alessandro Rossi ["Ager Veleias", 3.05 (2008)] Memoriae Peter Brock Toronto University (Thank You, professor …) 1. INTRODUCTION [1] Towards the end of IV century C.E. Basil of Caesarea explains in a long letter [2], focusing on the issue of baptism validity, whether celebrated by heretics and schismatics, that: The Pepuzans, then, are obviously heretical. For they have blasphemed against the Holy Spirit by unlawfully and shamelessly attributing the name of Paraclete to Montanus and Priscilla. They are condemned, therefore, either because they make men divine, or because they insult [3] the Holy Spirit by comparing him to men, and are thus liable to eternal condemnation because blasphemy against the Holy Spirit is unforgivable [4]. What basis to be accepted, then does the baptism have of these who baptize into the Father and the Son and Montanus or Priscilla? Such an interesting notice, about the occurred identification on the liturgical level between the Cataphrygians prophets and the Paraclet, should be submitted to critics considering both the polemical pattern in which it is included, and the characteristics of the polemic itself. Discussing on the difference between baptism either officiated by heretics, unacceptable for him, or officiated by schismatics (i.e. extra ecclesiam officiators just due to discipline, and not due to doctrinal dissensions), or during illegal meetings, Basil classifies Pepuzans, this term clearly used here as synonymous of Cataphrygians/Montanists, as heretic. The baptismal formula ascribed to them, even if preserving the trinitarian form, substitutes the name of the Spirit with the name of one out of the two prophets. -
Principaux Sites Romains
Un dossier de www.anticopedie.fr Principaux sites romains Albanie Butrinti (Buthrote) thermes Albanie Durrës (Dyrrachium) amphitheatre Algérie Abiot-Arab (oued), Babar el Slanis aqueduc Algérie Annaba (Hippone ou Hippo Regius) aqueduc, Thermes du Sud monuments, thermes Algérie Baghai (plaine) aqueduc Algérie Batna aqueduc Algérie Béjaia Saldae aqueduc Algérie Belezma (plaine) aqueduc Algérie Bélimour aqueduc Algérie Beni Mélek aqueduc Algérie Bordj-Zembia aqueduc Algérie Castellum Tingitanum aqueduc Algérie Chateaudun (plaine) aqueduc Algérie Cherchell (anc. Césarée de amphitheatre, Maurétanie) aqueduc, monuments Algérie Constantine (Cirta) aqueduc, monuments Algérie Djemila (Cuicul) aqueduc, Thermes de Commode monuments, thermes Algérie Djidgeli Igilgili aqueduc Algérie El Hamamet aqueduc Algérie Guelma (Calama) monument, theatre Algérie Guert-Gasses aqueduc Algérie Gunugu aqueduc Algérie Lambèse (Lambaesis) amphitheatre, monuments Algérie Macomades aqueduc Algérie Mahmel (plateau) aqueduc Algérie Mascula aqueduc Algérie Mellagou aqueduc Algérie Ouled Dahman aqueduc Algérie Perigotville aqueduc Algérie Rauzazus aqueduc Algérie Ruiscade aqueduc Algérie Sbikkra (plaine) aqueduc Algérie Sétif aqueduc Algérie Sidi Hamar aqueduc Algérie Sigus Siga aqueduc Algérie Skikda Ruisacde aqueduc Algérie Stora aqueduc Algérie Tamagra aqueduc Algérie Tebessa Thevestis amphitheatre, Temple de Minerve, arc de Caracalla aqueduc, monuments Algérie Tenes aqueduc Algérie Tiddis thermes Petits et grands thermes Algérie Tigava aqueduc Algérie Tiklat Tubusuptu -
Reexaming Heresy: the Donatists
Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II Volume 11 Article 9 2006 Reexaming Heresy: The onD atists Emily C. Elrod Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Elrod, Emily C. (2006) "Reexaming Heresy: The onD atists," Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II: Vol. 11 , Article 9. Available at: http://scholarcommons.scu.edu/historical-perspectives/vol11/iss1/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Elrod: Reexaming Heresy 42 Historical Perspectives March 2006 Reexamining Heresy 43 Reexamining Heresy: The Donatists sure to bear upon the clergy,” so as “to render the laity leaderless, and . bring about general apostasy.”5 The clergy were to hand over Scriptures to the authori- Emily C. Elrod ties to be burnt, an act of desecration that became On the first day of June in A.D. 411, Carthage, two known by the Donatists as the sin of traditio. Bishops hostile groups of Christians faced off in the summer who committed this sin had no spiritual power and heat to settle their differences. They met at the mas- 1 became known as traditores; Mensurius, the Bishop of sive Baths of Gargilius (Thermae Gargilianiae). On Carthage who died in 311, stood accused of traditio. -
Thesis-1980-E93l.Pdf
LAMBAESIS TO THE REIGN OF HADRIAN By DIANE MARIE HOPPER EVERMAN " Bachelor of Arts Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma December, 1977 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS July 25, 1980 -n , ,111e.5J s LAMBAESIS TO THE REIGN OF HADRIAN Thesis Approved: Dean of the Graduate College ii 10S2909 PREFACE Lambaesis was a Roman Imperial military fortress in North Africa in the modern-day nation of Algeria. Rome originally acquired the territory as a result of the defeat of Carthage in the Punic Wars. Expansion of territory and settlement of surplus population were two ideas behind its Romanization. However, North Africa's greatest asset for becoming a province was its large yield of grain. This province furnished most of the wheat for the empire. If something happened to hinder its annual production level then Rome and its provinces would face famine. Unlike most instances of acquiring territory Rome did not try to assimilate the native transhumant population. Instead these inhabitants held on to their ancestral lands until they were forcibly removed. This territory was the most agriculturally productive; unfortunately, it was also the area of seasonal migration for the native people. Lambaesis is important in this scheme because it was the base of the solitary legion in North Africa, the III Legio Augusta. After beginning in the eastern section of the province just north of the Aures Mountains the legion gradually moved west leaving a peaceful area behind. The site of Lambaesis was the III Legio Augusta's westernmost fortress. -
Durham Research Online
Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 05 June 2020 Version of attached le: Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Hellstrom, Monica (2020) 'Epigraphy and ambitions : building inscriptions in the hinterland of Carthage.', Journal of Roman studies., 110 . pp. 57-90. Further information on publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0075435820001380 Publisher's copyright statement: This article has been published in a revised form in The Journal of Roman Studies. This version is published under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND. No commercial re-distribution or re-use allowed. Derivative works cannot be distributed. c The Author(s). Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk 1 Epigraphy and Ambitions: Building Inscriptions in the Hinterland of Carthage MONICA HELLSTRÖM* Building inscriptions are not a good proxy for building activity or, by extension, prosperity. In the part of Roman North Africa where they are the most common, the majority of the surviving building inscriptions document the construction of religious buildings by holders of local priesthoods, usually of the imperial cult.