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Microgasterópodos Asociados Con El Banco Natural De La Pepitona Arca

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Microgasterópodos Asociados Con El Banco Natural De La Pepitona Arca Ciencias Marinas (2005), 31(1A): 119–124 http://dx.doi.org/10.7773/cm.v31i11.71 Nota de Investigación/Research Note Microgasterópodos asociados con el banco natural de la pepitona Arca zebra (Swainson, 1833; Mollusca: Bivalvia) ubicado en la localidad de Chacopata, Estado Sucre, Venezuela Microgastropods associated with the natural bank of Arca zebra (Swainson, 1833; Mollusca: Bivalvia) located in Chacopata, Sucre State, Venezuela Samuel Narciso1 Antulio Prieto-Arcas2 Vanessa Acosta-Balbás2* 1 Fundación para la Defensa de la Naturaleza (FUDENA) Estación de Chichiriviche Estado Falcón, Venezuela E-mail: [email protected] 2 Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias Universidad de Oriente Apartado 245 Cumaná, Estado Sucre, Venezuela * E-mail: [email protected] Recibido en febrero de 2004; aceptado en agosto de 2004 Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la taxonomía de los microgasterópodos asociados con el bivalvo Arca zebra, un importante recurso pesquero del nororiente de Venezuela. Las muestras se obtuvieron con rastras metálicas en la localidad de Chacopata, Estado Sucre, Venezuela. Se recolectaron un total de 381 gasterópodos pertenecientes a 25 especies incluidas en 12 familias, de las cuales las más diversas, de acuerdo con el número de especies, fueron Marginellidae (4), Collumbelidae (4) y Fisurellidae (3). Del total de las especies recolectadas, siete (Marginella haematita, Lucapina sowerby, Cantharus cancellarius, Crassispira tampanensis, Pyrgocytara coxi, Monilispira leusosyma y Terebra nasulla) representan nuevos registros para Venezuela, aunque pueden catalogarse como típicas del Atlántico tropical occidental. Palabras clave: micromoluscos, bivalvos, costas de Venezuela. Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze the taxonomy of microgastropods associated with the bivalve Arca zebra, an important fishing resource of the northern coast of Venezuela. The samples were obtained in the area of Chacopata, Sucre State, Venezuela. A total of 381 gasteropods were collected belonging to 25 species included in 12 families. The families with the highest number of species were Margellinidae (4), Collumbelidae (4) and Fisurellidae (3). Of the total of species collected, seven (Marginella haematita, Lucapina sowerby, Cantharus cancellarius, Crassispira tampanensis, Pyrgocytara coxi, Monilispira leusosyma and Terebra nasulla) represent new records for Venezuela, but can be catalogued as typical of the tropical western Atlantic. Key words: micromollusks, bivalves, coast of Venezuela. Introducción Introduction Las investigaciones sobre micromoluscos en Venezuela son Research on micromollusks in Venezuela is scarce. The escasas. El primer trabajo con un enfoque estrictamente ecoló- first study with a strict ecological focus was made on Bittium gico fue el realizado por Martínez (1964) sobre Bittium carabobensis by Martínez (1964) at Unare Lagoon in the state carabobensis en la Laguna de Unare, Estado Anzoátegui. Pos- of Anzoátegui. Later, Flores (1973a, b) analyzed the taxonomy teriormente, Flores (1973a, b) analizó tanto la taxonomía como and zonification of the family Littorinidae in Venezuelan la zonación de la familia Littorinidae en las aguas costeras de coastal waters. Princz (1973, 1977) obtained information about Venezuela. Princz (1973, 1977) realizó un estudio donde gastropods and pelecypods in the state of Nueva Esparta and 119 Ciencias Marinas, Vol. 31, No. 1A, 2005 aportó información sobre gasterópodos y pelecípodos del about micromollusks on the Guayana shelf. Princz (1986) Estado Nueva Esparta y sobre micromoluscos en la plataforma also described ecological aspects of the benthonic mollusks de Guayana y, en 1986, describió aspectos ecológicos sobre la distribution in northwestern Venezuela. Since 1990, more distribución de los moluscos bentónicos del nororiente de information has been made available on mollusks from the Venezuela. A partir de 1990 se generó más información sobre continental shelf of Margarita, Coche and Chacopata (Carvajal los moluscos de la plataforma continental de Margarita, Coche and Capelo, 1992), mollusks from Pozuelos Bay, Anzoátegui y Chacopata (Carvajal y Capelo, 1992), los moluscos de la (Buitrago and Capelo, 1993) and mollusks from the Gulf of Bahía de Pozuelos, Estado Anzoátegui (Buitrago y Capelo, Cariaco (Prieto et al., 1999). 1993) y los del Golfo de Cariaco (Prieto et al., 1999). To date, information regarding gastropod micromollusks Hasta el momento la información sobre micromoluscos associated with Arca zebra in the Chacopata bank is deficient gasterópodos asociados con la pepitona Arca zebra en el banco and partially collected in the works of Capelo and Buitrago de Chacopata es deficiente y se encuentra parcialmente recopi- (1998) and Prieto et al. (2001). lada por Capelo y Buitrago (1998) y Prieto et al. (2001). The most outstanding components of the benthonic fauna Los moluscos, particularmente bivalvos y gasterópodos, found in eastern Venezuela are especially bivalves and gastro- constituyen el componente más sobresaliente de la fauna ben- pod mollusks. Here, from a fishery point of view, important tónica de la región oriental de Venezuela, donde se encuentran species such as A. zebra and Pinctada imbricata are found. especies importantes desde el punto de vista pesquero, como la Fishermen exploit other species such as Strombus pugilis pepitona A. zebra y la madreperla Pinctada imbricata. Otras (Linne, 1758) and members of the families Muricidae and especies, como la vaquita Strombus pugilis (Linné, 1758) y Pectinidae for local consumption. miembros de las familias Muricidae y Pectinidae son explota- Arca zebra (Swainson, 1833), known as turkeywing or das por los pescadores para el consumo local. goat’s foot, is a pelecypod belonging to the order Filibranquia, Arca zebra (Swainson, 1833), un pelecípodo perteneciente family Arcidae. In the eastern region of Venezuela, this species al orden Filibranquia, familia Arcidae, es conocido como is abundant in shallow waters, forming extensive natural pepitona o pata de cabra, siendo muy abundante en las aguas banks. It is an important commercial fishing resource that has a someras de la región oriental de Venezuela, donde se localiza high socio-economic impact in the northeastern region, mainly formando bancos naturales extensos, los cuales constituyen un in some communities in the states of Sucre and Nueva Esparta. recurso pesquero de importancia comercial que tiene alto Information is available regarding its growth (Prieto and Saint- impacto socioeconómico en la región nororiental, principal- Aubyn, 1998), specific production (Saint-Aubyn et al., 1998), mente en algunas comunidades de los estados Sucre y Nueva fishing aspects (Novoa et al., 1999) and community structure. Esparta. Sobre esta especie se tienen conocimientos acerca de Information is also available regarding associated macromol- su crecimiento (Prieto y Saint-Aubyn, 1998), producción espe- lusks, including the accompanying fauna (Prieto et al., 2001); cífica (Saint-Aubyn et al., 1998), aspectos pesqueros (Novoa et however, information on the associated micromollusks is very al., 1999) y estructura comunitaria; así como de macromolus- scarce. cos asociados, donde se incluye la fauna acompañante (Prieto Many marine mollusks are small organisms that measure et al., 2001); sin embargo, la información disponible sobre los 5 mm at most and usually less than this. For several method- micromoluscos asociados es muy escasa. ological reasons, many micromollusk species escape or are not Gran cantidad de moluscos marinos son organismos captured in the samples and are therefore less well known pequeños, con tallas máximas menores a 5 mm, y por diversas taxonomically than the larger species (macromollusks). Never- razones metodológicas muchas especies de micromoluscos theless, they are numerous and constitute an important part of escapan o no son capturadas en los muestreos, por lo que son the fauna present in intertidal and sublittoral communities of regularmente menos conocidos taxonómicamente que las the Venezuelan coasts. especies grandes (macromoluscos). A pesar de ello, los In order to contribute to the knowledge of microgastropods, micromoluscos son numéricamente muy abundantes, constitu- an inventory was made of this group associated with the A. yendo un componente muy importante de la fauna presente en zebra bank, which will be part of a reference collection to be las comunidades intermareal y sublitorales de las costas used for future research work. It is important to emphasize that venezolanas. reference collections are essential for biodiversity studies, con- Dada la escasa información que existe respecto a los servation and ecosystem management. This specific inventory microgasterópodos y como contribución al conocimiento de represents a contribution to the information about microgastro- este grupo, se realizó un inventario de este grupo asociado al pod biodiversity in the southern Caribbean and in particular the banco de la pepitona A. zebra. Además de ello, esta informa- state of Sucre, Venezuela. ción formará parte de una colección de referencia que servirá de material de consulta para investigaciones futuras. Es impor- Materials and methods tante destacar que las colecciones de referencia son esenciales en los estudios sobre biodiversidad, conservación y manejo de Samples were taken from the A. zebra bank in Chacopata, ecosistemas. En este caso específico representa un aporte al between Caribe Island and Morro de Chacopata, state
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