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An Integrated Orchid Functional Genomics Database
Orchidstra: An Integrated Orchid Functional Genomics Database Special Focus Issue Chun-lin Su1,3, Ya-Ting Chao1,3, Shao-Hua Yen1, Chun-Yi Chen1, Wan-Chieh Chen1, Yao-Chien Alex Chang2 and Ming-Che Shih1,* 1Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan 2Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. 3These authors contributed equally to this work. *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]; Fax, +886-2-26515693. (Received November 9, 2012; Accepted January 5, 2013) A specialized orchid database, named Orchidstra (URL: Abbreviations: BLAST, basic local alignment search tool; – Databases http://orchidstra.abrc.sinica.edu.tw), has been constructed CAM, crassulacean acid metabolism; EIF5A, eukaryotic trans- to collect, annotate and share genomic information for lation initiation factor 5A; EST, expressed sequence tag; GO, orchid functional genomics studies. The Orchidaceae is a Gene Ontology; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and large family of Angiosperms that exhibits extraordinary bio- Genomes; miRNA, microRNA; NGS, next-generation sequen- diversity in terms of both the number of species and their cing; SRA, sequence read archive; TSA, transcriptome distribution worldwide. Orchids exhibit many unique biolo- shotgun assembly. gical features; however, investigation of these traits is cur- rently constrained due to the limited availability of genomic information. Transcriptome information for five orchid spe- Introduction cies and one commercial hybrid has been included in the Orchidaceae, the orchid family, diverged from the Liliaceae Orchidstra database. Altogether, these comprise >380,000 and Amaryllidaceae, is the largest family of Angiosperms, with non-redundant orchid transcript sequences, of which >800 genera and >25,000 species. -
Dendrobium Kingianum Bidwill Ex Lindl
Volume 24: 203–232 ELOPEA Publication date: 19 May 2021 T dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea14806 Journal of Plant Systematics plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/Telopea • escholarship.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/TEL • ISSN 0312-9764 (Print) • ISSN 2200-4025 (Online) A review of Dendrobium kingianum Bidwill ex Lindl. (Orchidaceae) with morphological and molecular- phylogenetic analyses Peter B. Adams1,2, Sheryl D. Lawson2, and Matthew A.M. Renner 3 1The University of Melbourne, School of BioSciences, Parkville 3010, Victoria 2National Herbarium of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Ave., Melbourne 3004, Victoria 3National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney 2000, New South Wales Author for correspondence: [email protected] Abstract Populations of Dendrobium kingianum Bidwill ex Lindl. from near Newcastle, New South Wales to southern and central west Queensland and encompassing all regions of the distribution were studied using field observations, morphometric analysis and nrITS sequences. A total of 281 individuals were used to construct regional descriptions of D. kingianum and 139 individuals were measured for 19 morphological characters, and similarities and differences among specimens summarised using multivariate statistical methods. Patterns of morphological variation within D. kingianum are consistent with a single variable species that expresses clinal variation, with short-growing plants in the south and taller plants in the northern part of the distribution. The nrITS gene tree suggests two subgroups within D. kingianum subsp. kingianum, one comprising northern, the other southern individuals, which may overlap in the vicinity of Dorrigo, New South Wales. The disjunct D. kingianum subsp. carnarvonense Peter B. -
PGR Diversity and Economic Utilization of Orchids
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(10): 1865-1887 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 10 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.810.217 PGR Diversity and Economic Utilization of Orchids R. K. Pamarthi, R. Devadas, Raj Kumar, D. Rai, P. Kiran Babu, A. L. Meitei, L. C. De, S. Chakrabarthy, D. Barman and D. R. Singh* ICAR-NRC for Orchids, Pakyong, Sikkim, India ICAR-IARI, Kalimpong, West Bengal, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Orchids are one of the highly commercial crops in floriculture sector and are robustly exploited due to the high ornamental and economic value. ICAR-NRC for Orchids Pakyong, Sikkim, India, majorly focused on collection, characterization, K e yw or ds evaluation, conservation and utilization of genetic resources available in the country particularly in north-eastern region and developed a National repository of Orchids, Collection, Conservation, orchids. From 1996 to till date, several exploration programmes carried across the Utilization country and a total of 351 species under 94 genera was collected and conserved at Article Info this institute. Among the collections, 205 species were categorized as threatened species, followed by 90 species having breeding value, 87 species which are used Accepted: in traditional medicine, 77 species having fragrance and 11 species were used in 15 September 2019 traditional dietary. Successful DNA bank of 260 species was constructed for Available Online: 10 October 2019 future utilization in various research works. The collected orchid germplasm which includes native orchids was successfully utilized in breeding programme for development of novel varieties and hybrids. -
Medicinal Properties of Some Dendrobium Orchids – a Review
J Appl Adv Res 2019: 4(4) Journal of Applied and Advanced Research, 2019: 4(4) 119128 http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2019.v4i4.72 ISSN 2519-9412 / © 2019 Phoenix Research Publishers Review Article – Ethnobotany Medicinal properties of some Dendrobium orchids – A review M. Koperuncholan1, R. Praveena1, K. Ganeshkumari1, J. Vanithamani1, P. Muruganantham1 ,1٭T. Ramesh P. Renganathan2 1Department of Botany, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous) Tiruchirappalli –620005, Tamil Nadu, India 2Department of Botany (DDE), Annamalai University Annamalainagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India (Received: 19-01-2019; Accepted 22-08-2019; Published Online 26-08-2019) Corresponding author٭ Abstract Orchids are known for their aesthetic qualities, and they are often used as decorative items in homes, offices, and public places. While most people admire them for their good looks, others have found practical uses for them. Since a long time ago, people from various parts of the world have used orchids for medicinal purposes. However, the use of orchids in medicine has declined over the years because not enough research has been done to determine their effectiveness and adverse effects. Key words: Medicinal, orchids, Dendrobium Introduction distributed in Taiwan (Lin, 1975). D. candidum is native to the regions of Southern China. In the mountain ranges of Yun- Dendrobium is the second largest genus in the family Orchidaceae. It exhibits a vast diversity in vegetative and Nan, Guang-Xi, Gui-Zhou, and Fu-Jian provinces of China, this species is distributed at an elevation of 900–1500m above floral characteristics and is of considerable interest due to its broad geographic distribution and high value of hybrids as a sea level, with an annual average temperature of 12–188C and floricultural commodity (Hawkes, 1970; Jones et al., 1998). -
Review Article Organic Compounds: Contents and Their Role in Improving Seed Germination and Protocorm Development in Orchids
Hindawi International Journal of Agronomy Volume 2020, Article ID 2795108, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2795108 Review Article Organic Compounds: Contents and Their Role in Improving Seed Germination and Protocorm Development in Orchids Edy Setiti Wida Utami and Sucipto Hariyanto Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia Correspondence should be addressed to Sucipto Hariyanto; [email protected] Received 26 January 2020; Revised 9 May 2020; Accepted 23 May 2020; Published 11 June 2020 Academic Editor: Isabel Marques Copyright © 2020 Edy Setiti Wida Utami and Sucipto Hariyanto. ,is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In nature, orchid seed germination is obligatory following infection by mycorrhizal fungi, which supplies the developing embryo with water, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, causing the seeds to germinate relatively slowly and at a low germination rate. ,e nonsymbiotic germination of orchid seeds found in 1922 is applicable to in vitro propagation. ,e success of seed germination in vitro is influenced by supplementation with organic compounds. Here, we review the scientific literature in terms of the contents and role of organic supplements in promoting seed germination, protocorm development, and seedling growth in orchids. We systematically collected information from scientific literature databases including Scopus, Google Scholar, and ProQuest, as well as published books and conference proceedings. Various organic compounds, i.e., coconut water (CW), peptone (P), banana homogenate (BH), potato homogenate (PH), chitosan (CHT), tomato juice (TJ), and yeast extract (YE), can promote seed germination and growth and development of various orchids. -
Jones Cross 2006 Index
AN INDEX AND ORCHID SPECIES CROSS REFERENCE TO JONES, D.L. (2006) A Complete Guide to Native Orchids of Australia including the Island Territories Compiled by David Gillingham - A.N.O.S. (Qld) Kabi Group Inc. Contents: Page 1: Contents Explanations/Introduction References General Comments Page 2: The Jones "Dendrobium Alliance" - Comments, Notes, Cross Index Page 3: The Jones "Bulbophyllum Alliance" - Cross Index Page 4: The Jones "Vanda Alliance" - Notes, Cross Index Page 5: The Jones "Miscellaneous Epiphytes" - Notes, Cross Index Page 6: The Dendrobium speciosum/Thelychiton speciosus Complex Explanations/Introduction: There can be little doubt that David Jones's (2006) book A Complete Guide to Native Orchids of Australia including the Island Territories provides probably the most current and most comprehensive coverage of Australia's native orchids available between one set of covers. However whether, and to what extent, the very substantial taxonomic restructure presented in the book is accepted by the professional botanical community, only time will tell. In the meantime, while many orchid growers will enthusiastically embrace these new taxonomies, many others will exercise their valid right to continue labelling their orchids using the older taxa, waiting for the dust to settle on the scientific debate. In either regard there are difficulties for users of Jones's book, in their attempt to relate many of these new taxa to older species descriptors. The individual species entries in the text provide no prior taxonomic information whatever; and the index is of limited assistance, and far from complete regarding taxonomic descriptors commonly used over the past decade or so. -
Vascular Epiphytic Medicinal Plants As Sources of Therapeutic Agents: Their Ethnopharmacological Uses, Chemical Composition, and Biological Activities
biomolecules Review Vascular Epiphytic Medicinal Plants as Sources of Therapeutic Agents: Their Ethnopharmacological Uses, Chemical Composition, and Biological Activities Ari Satia Nugraha 1,* , Bawon Triatmoko 1 , Phurpa Wangchuk 2 and Paul A. Keller 3,* 1 Drug Utilisation and Discovery Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember, Jember, Jawa Timur 68121, Indonesia; [email protected] 2 Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; [email protected] 3 School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, and Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.S.N.); [email protected] (P.A.K.); Tel.: +62-3-3132-4736 (A.S.N.); +61-2-4221-4692 (P.A.K.) Received: 17 December 2019; Accepted: 21 January 2020; Published: 24 January 2020 Abstract: This is an extensive review on epiphytic plants that have been used traditionally as medicines. It provides information on 185 epiphytes and their traditional medicinal uses, regions where Indigenous people use the plants, parts of the plants used as medicines and their preparation, and their reported phytochemical properties and pharmacological properties aligned with their traditional uses. These epiphytic medicinal plants are able to produce a range of secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, and a total of 842 phytochemicals have been identified to date. As many as 71 epiphytic medicinal plants were studied for their biological activities, showing promising pharmacological activities, including as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents. There are several species that were not investigated for their activities and are worthy of exploration. -
Native Orchid Society South Australia
Journal of the Native Orchid Society of South Australia Inc PRINT POST APPROVED VOLUME 24 NO. 4 PP 54366200018 MAY 2000 NATIVE ORCHID SOCIETY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA POST OFFICE BOX 565 UNLEY SOUTH AUSTRALIA 5061 The Native Orchid Society of South Australia promotes the conservation of orchids through the preservation of natural habitat and through cultivation. Except with the documented official representation from the Management Committee no person is authorised to represent the society on any matter. All native orchids are protected plants in the wild. Their collection without written Government permit is illegal. PRESIDENT: SECRETARY: Mr Bill Dear Cathy Houston Telephone: 82962111 Telephone: 8356 7356 VICE-PRESIDENT (and New members Coordinator) Mr David Pettifor Tel. 014095457 COMMITTEE David Hirst Thelma Bridle Bob Bates Malcolm Guy EDITOR: TREASURER Gerry Carne Iris Freeman 118 Hewitt Avenue Toorak Gardens SA 5061 Telephone/Fax 8332 7730 E-mail [email protected] LIFE MEMBERS Mr R. Hargreaves Mr G. Carne Mr L. Nesbitt Mr R. Bates Mr R. Robjohns Mr R Shooter Mr D. Wells Registrar of Judges: Reg Shooter Trading Table: Judy Penney Field Trips & Conservation: Thelma Bridle Tel. 83844174 Tuber Bank Coordinator: Malcolm Guy Tel. 82767350 New Members Coordinator David Pettifor Tel. 0416 095 095 PATRON: Mr T.R.N. Lothian The Native Orchid Society of South Australia Inc. while taking all due care, take no responsibility for the loss, destruction or damage to any plants whether at shows, meetings or exhibits. Views or opinions expressed by authors of articles within this Journal do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of the Management. -
PC22 Doc. 22.1 Annex (In English Only / Únicamente En Inglés / Seulement En Anglais)
Original language: English PC22 Doc. 22.1 Annex (in English only / únicamente en inglés / seulement en anglais) Quick scan of Orchidaceae species in European commerce as components of cosmetic, food and medicinal products Prepared by Josef A. Brinckmann Sebastopol, California, 95472 USA Commissioned by Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office FSVO CITES Management Authorithy of Switzerland and Lichtenstein 2014 PC22 Doc 22.1 – p. 1 Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms ........................................................................................................................ 7 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Information about the Databases Used ...................................................................................................... 11 1. Anoectochilus formosanus .................................................................................................................. 13 1.1. Countries of origin ................................................................................................................. 13 1.2. Commercially traded forms ................................................................................................... 13 1.2.1. Anoectochilus Formosanus Cell Culture Extract (CosIng) ............................................ 13 1.2.2. Anoectochilus Formosanus Extract (CosIng) ................................................................ 13 1.3. Selected finished -
A Review of CITES Appendices I and II Plant Species from Lao PDR
A Review of CITES Appendices I and II Plant Species From Lao PDR A report for IUCN Lao PDR by Philip Thomas, Mark Newman Bouakhaykhone Svengsuksa & Sounthone Ketphanh June 2006 A Review of CITES Appendices I and II Plant Species From Lao PDR A report for IUCN Lao PDR by Philip Thomas1 Dr Mark Newman1 Dr Bouakhaykhone Svengsuksa2 Mr Sounthone Ketphanh3 1 Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 2 National University of Lao PDR 3 Forest Research Center, National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute, Lao PDR Supported by Darwin Initiative for the Survival of the Species Project 163-13-007 Cover illustration: Orchids and Cycads for sale near Gnommalat, Khammouane Province, Lao PDR, May 2006 (photo courtesy of Darwin Initiative) CONTENTS Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations used in this report Acknowledgements Summary _________________________________________________________________________ 1 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) - background ____________________________________________________________________ 1 Lao PDR and CITES ____________________________________________________________ 1 Review of Plant Species Listed Under CITES Appendix I and II ____________ 1 Results of the Review_______________________________________________________ 1 Comments _____________________________________________________________________ 3 1. CITES Listed Plants in Lao PDR ______________________________________________ 5 1.1 An Introduction to CITES and Appendices I, II and III_________________ 5 1.2 Current State of Knowledge of the -
Análisis Palinológico Y Anatómico Del Pistilo En La Familia Orchidaceae
MEMORIA DE TESIS DOCTORAL Análisis palinológico y anatómico del pistilo en la familia Orchidaceae DEPARTAMENTO DE BIODIVERSIDAD Y GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL (ÁREA DE BOTÁNiCA) UNIVERSIDAD DE LEÓN Hilda Rocio Mosquera Mosquera León, Junio 2012 A Mis Padres Hernán y Rocío, Por apoyarme y sobre todo….. Por confiar en mi A mis Hermanos y sobrinos, Porque la distancia no nos aleja, nos une más. “La familia es…. La familia” Agradecimientos Al llegar a esta etapa final, quiero agradecer a todas aquellas personas o instituciones que han contribuido a lo largo este proceso. En primera instancia quiero dar las gracias a mis directores Rosa Mª Valencia y Carmen Acedo, por sus enseñanzas, disponibilidad y acertada orientación, pero sobre todo por haber entendido y corregido pacientemente, los textos escritos en “español Mosquera”, por todo ello mil gracias. También deseo agradecer a la Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó (Colombia) y la Fundación Carolina (España) que financiaron mis estudios doctorales. Al Dr. Eduardo Antonio García Vega, rector de la Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó, a mis profesores Miguel A. Medina Rivas y Tulia Rivas Lara por el apoyo institucional y moral brindado. A Rafael Geovo y Thilma Arias, dueños de la colección de Orquídeas de Istmina, por el cariño y la colaboración incondicional. En su colección se gestó la idea de trabajar con este hermosa familia. A Roberto Angulo Blum, por poner a mi disposición su grandiosa colección de orquídeas y por su valiosa gestión para conseguir financiamiento para la investigación. A la Sociedad Colombiana de Orquideología, por la financiación parcial de esta tesis doctoral. También quiero agradecer a los directores y conservadores de los herbarios CAUP, CHOCO, COL, HPUJ, HUA, HUCSS, JAUM, K, LEB, MA y MEDEL, por proporcionar parte de las muestras utilizadas en esta investigación. -
ORCHID POLLINATION ECOLOGY Orchid Pollination Exploring a Fascinating World by Ron Mchatton
ORCHID POLLINATION ECOLOGY Orchid Pollination Exploring a Fascinating World BY RON MCHATTON [1] The first example of sexual deception in Australian orchids involved the genus Cryptostylis. These orchids are pollinated by male parasitic wasps of the genus Lissopimpla. Here four male Lissopimpla excelsa wasps compete for the favors of a Cryptostylis erecta flower. MARK CLEMENTS [2] Silver-spotted skipper (Epargyreus clarus) pollinating a small purple fringed orchid (Platanthera psycodes) at Mt. Mitchell, North Carolina. The long spurs of the orchid have nectar at their ends and the skipper must push its proboscis deep into the spur to get to the nectar. Note the pollinia attached to the base of JAMES PETRANKA JAMES the skipper’s proboscis. bumblebee species. In this case, pollinia of Den. infundibulum are placed on the head of the bee while that from the Cymbidium, with much longer column, becomes at- tached to the bee’s central thorax. Because the column of the former species is much shorter, only pollinia placed near the front of the bee will be in a position to contact the stigmatic surface of the Dendrobium column as the bee exits the flower (Du Puy and Cribb 2007). Orchids with large gullet flowers such as Cymbidium are typically pollinated by large carpenter bees and bumblebees are known to pollinate Spiranthes and are implicated in the pollination of northern NT NT U U and some high-elevation species where other large bees are less common or active. 3 4 ERIC H ERIC H Some bees gather oils from flowers rather than nectar or pollen and many orchids [3–4] Sobralia [3] and Cattleya [4], two gen- NO ONE IS REALLY SURE HOW LONG have evolved to attract these pollinators.