GROWTH of INDIAN ANTHROPOLOGY Areas to Prepare

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

GROWTH OF INDIAN ANTHROPOLOGY Areas to prepare ⚫ Genesis and growth of Indian Anthropology. ⚫ Contributions of 19th and 20th century Anthropologists 1. British- Elwin R C Brown Rivers Haimendorf 2. American 3. Indian Anthropologists- D N Majumdar S C Dube L P Vidyarthy M N Srinivas S C Roy Iravati Karve N K Bose ⚫ Emergence of village studies in India. British administrators and missionaries ⚫ L. S. O’Malley ⚫ P. Mills, ⚫ E. Thurston ⚫ R.E. Enthoven, ⚫ Edward Tuite Dalton ⚫ J. Todd, ⚫ Herbert Hope Risley ⚫ Valentine Ball, ⚫ R.V. Russell, ⚫ Baden-Powell, ⚫ William Crooke, ⚫ Sir Edward Gait, ⚫ J. T. Blunt, ⚫ Sir Richard ⚫ Buchanan, ⚫ C. Temple, ⚫ J. N. E. Perry, ⚫ Sir Denzil Ibbetson, ⚫ T. V. Grigson, ⚫ H. A. Rose, ⚫ Sir Edward Gait, ⚫ E. T. H. Atkinson, ⚫ Campbell, ⚫ J. Shakespear, ⚫ Latham ⚫ P. R. T.Gurdon ‘True’ anthropologists ⚫ W. H. R. Rivers, ⚫ J. H.Hutton, ⚫ A. R. Radcliffe-Brown ⚫ C. G. Seligman W. H. R. Rivers, Charles Gabriel Seligman, Sidney Herbert Ray, Anthony Wilkin. Seated: Alfred Cort Haddon Growth periods of Indian Anthropology ⚫ S C DUBE 1. Compilation and publication of volumes in tribes and castes. 2. Detailed monographs of individual tribes based on personal observation. 3. Quantitative and qualitative advancement. N K BOSE 1. Publication of encyclopedic works of tribes and castes. 2. Descriptive monographs 3. Analytical studies of villages, marriage and family, caste, civilization etc. D N MAJUMDAR 1. Formulatory phase 1774-1911 2. Constructive phase 1912-1937 3. Critical phase 1938---- L P Vidyarthy 1. Formulative period 1774-1919 2. Constructive period 1920-1949 3. Analytical period 1950- - - Formulative phase 1774-1919 ⚫ Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal 1784 ⚫ Indian Antiquery 1874 ⚫ Journal of Bihar and Orissa research survey 1815 ⚫ Publication of Encyclopedic Inventories on tribes ⚫ Ethnological writings ⚫ Monographs by missionaries ⚫ Emergence of Indian Anthropologists Constructive period 1920-1949 ⚫ Ethnology to ethnography ⚫ Dept of Anthropology ⚫ Man in India ⚫ Emergence of field work ⚫ Trained Indian Anthropologists Analytical Period 1950- ⚫ Tribal to rural and village studies ⚫ Culture personality school- Geetal Steed, Guha, Carstairs ⚫ Interdisciplinary approach ⚫ Substantivist approach ⚫ Study of political systems Post 1990….

Copy Link

Recommended publications

The People of India
LIBRARY ANNFX 2 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ^% Cornell University Library DS 421.R59 1915 The people of India 3 1924 024 114 773 Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924024114773 THE PEOPLE OF INDIA =2!^.^ Z'^JiiS- ,SIH HERBERT ll(i 'E MISLEX, K= CoIoB a , ( THE PEOPLE OF INDIA w SIR HERBERT RISLEY, K.C.I.E., C.S.I. DIRECTOR OF ETHNOGRAPHY FOR INDIA, OFFICIER d'aCADEMIE, FRANCE, CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETIES OF ROME AND BERLIN, AND OF THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND SECOND EDITION, EDITED BY W. CROOKE, B.A. LATE OF THE INDIAN CIVIL SERVICE "/« ^ood sooth, 7tiy masters, this is Ho door. Yet is it a little window, that looketh upon a great world" WITH 36 ILLUSTRATIONS AND AN ETHNOLOGICAL MAP OF INDIA UN31NDABL? Calcutta & Simla: THACKER, SPINK & CO. London: W, THACKER & CO., 2, Creed Lane, E.C. 191S PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES. e 7/ /a£ gw TO SIR WILLIAM TURNER, K.C.B. CHIEF AMONG ENGLISH CRANIOLOGISTS THIS SLIGHT SKETCH OF A LARGE SUBJECT IS WITH HIS PERMISSION RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION In an article on "Magic and Religion" published in the Quarterly Review of last July, Mr. Edward Clodd complains that certain observations of mine on the subject of " the impersonal stage of religion " are hidden away under the " prosaic title " of the Report on the Census of India, 1901.
[Show full text]
Download the Paper by Clicking Here
THE 1943 BENGAL FAMINE 1 The 1943 Bengal Famine: A Brief History of Political Developments at Play Mohua Bhowmik Independent researcher THE 1943 BENGAL FAMINE 2 Abstract This paper briefly surveys the political developments at the beginning of the twentieth century and examines how those developments played a part in the Bengal Famine of 1943. The Bengal Famine of 1943 is arguably one of the worst man-made famines recorded in human history. There were a multitude of reasons behind it, each of which had contributed to the severity of the famine and its irreversible effects on the Bengali society. However, this paper largely focuses on examining the assertions made by the Churchill Project of Hillsdale College and certain sections of the British academia, who have been attempting to emphasise that Sir Winston Churchill and, by extension, the British government had provided humanitarian aid during the Bengal Famine. At the same time, there have been multiple efforts to shift the narrative of the Bengal Famine of 1943 and point fingers specifically at the Hindu society, especially by these aforementioned institutions. All this is taking place at a time when the decolonial narrative is gaining more traction in mainstream discourses. The purpose of this paper is to take a closer look at the policies and motivations of the colonial era British administration, not only to understand how each of their decisions led to the enormity of the Bengal Famine but also how certain institutions are encouraging the colonial narrative that is often distorted. Keywords: Bengal Famine, Churchill Project, 1943, Hindu, colonial, British administration, decolonial THE 1943 BENGAL FAMINE 3 The 1943 Bengal Famine: A Brief History of Political Developments at Play In 2020, a petition titled “Change the Curriculum to Include Information on Churchill and the Bengal Famine” was submitted to the UK Parliament.
[Show full text]
Caste Confusion and Census Enumeration in Colonial India, 1871-1921
Caste Confusion and Census Enumeration in Colonial India, 1871-1921 KEVIN WALBY AND MICHAEL HAAN* The colonial censuses of India were colossal attempts to enumerate castes according to a hybrid taxonomy that mixed local knowledges with European preconceptions and mis- conceptions. From 1871 onward, colonial administrators were determined to categorize and count the castes of India, yet experienced many difficulties in classifying, enumerat- ing, and compiling caste data. The administrative practice of census making and taking in colonial India during the 1890s incorporated anthropometric and ethnological tools from „scientific‰ anthropology. The introduction of these measures in the census sched- ule and in enumeration furnished caste with a biological and racial connotation. Yet this biological vision of caste never fully took hold and was contested by colonial administra- tors and Indian political activists who did not believe in anthropometry. In detailing the complications of colonial census work in India, the authors show that epistemological problems with envisioning and enumerating caste were the rule rather than the exception. Les recensements coloniaux de lÊInde étaient de colossales tentatives visant à dénombrer les castes en fonction dÊune taxonomie hybride amalgamant les connaissances locales aux préconceptions et aux idées fausses venues dÊEurope. ¤ partir de 1871, les administrateurs de la colonie résolurent de catégoriser et de compter les castes indiennes, mais ils éprouvèrent de nombreuses difficultés à les classifier, à les dénombrer et à compiler les données à leur sujet. Durant les années 1890, on commença à faire le recensement administratif de lÊInde coloniale en empruntant des outils anthropométriques et ethnologiques à lÊanthropologie ÿ scientifique Ÿ.
[Show full text]
Diploma in Rural Development
DIPLOMA IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT DRD-01 Rural Society Block 4 CASTE SYSTEM Unit – 1 Caste System in India: Social and Economic Inequalities Unit – 2 The Jajmani System in India Unit – 3 Changes in the Caste System and Labour Market Odisha State Open University, Odisha Page 1 EXPERT COMMITTEE Sri Jagadananda (Chairman) Ex-State Information Commissioner, Odisha Mentor and co – founder, CYSD Bhubaneswar, Odisha Dr. Sruti Mohapatra (Member) Chief Executive, State Disability Information and Resource Centre Bhubaneswar, Odisha Dr. Dharmabrata Mohapatra (Member) Head, PG Dept. of Rural Development, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha Dr. M.G.Bage (Member) Associate Professor, Dept. of Rural Development, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha Ms. Dipti Ray (Member) Assistant Professor, Dept. of Rural Management, NISWASS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha Dr. Rabindra Garada (SpecialInvitee) Associate Professor, Dept. of Rural Development, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha Sri S T Rehman (Convenor) Academic Consultant (Rural Development), Odisha State Open University, Sambalpur, Odisha DIPLOMA IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT Course Writer: Subrata S Satapathy Ind.Research Consultant Utkal University Bhubaneswar (Odisha) Odisha State Open University, Odisha Page 2 Unit-1 Caste System in India: Social and Economic Inequalities Learning Objectives: After completion of this unit, you should be able to: ∑ Explain the concept of caste and Varna ∑ Understand the historical backdrop and theories of origin of caste system in India ∑ Describe the characteristics of Caste Structure: 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The Varna and Caste Division 1.3 Indian Caste System: A Historical Backdrop 1.4 Caste Structure and Characteristics 1.5 Rules Inherent in the Caste System 1.6 Theories of the origin of the Indian caste system 1.7 The Later Stages 1.8 Characteristics of Caste System 1.9 Views and Opinions on Caste 1.10 Let Us Sum Up 1.11 Key Words 1.12 References 1.1 Introduction Caste is closely connected with the Hindu philosophy and religion, custom and tradition .It is believed to have had a divine origin and sanction.
[Show full text]
Download Thesis
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ ‘Our Rule in India rests wholly on ourselves’ The District Officer in Bengal 1850 – 1905 Kavanagh, Amy Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 1 ‘Our Rule in India rests wholly on ourselves’: The District Officer in Bengal 1850 – 1905 By Amy Kavanagh Department of History, King’s College London Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History, February 2017 2 Abstract This thesis focuses on the role of district officers in the Indian Civil Service (ICS) in Bengal from 1850 to 1905.
[Show full text]
Mobile Subjects, Markets, and Sovereignty in the India-Nepal Borderland, 1780-1930
Shifting States: Mobile Subjects, Markets, and Sovereignty in the India-Nepal Borderland, 1780-1930 Catherine Warner A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2014 Committee: Anand Yang, Chair Purnima Dhavan Priti Ramamurthy Program Authorized to Offer Degree: History © Copyright 2014 Catherine Warner University of Washington Abstract Shifting States: Mobile Subjects, Markets, and Sovereignty in the India-Nepal Borderland, 1780-1930 Catherine Warner Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Dr. Anand Yang International Studies and History This dissertation analyzes the creation of the India-Nepal borderland and changing terms of sovereignty, subjectivity and political belonging from the margins of empire in South Asia from 1780 to 1930. I focus on particular instances of border crossing in each chapter, beginning with the exile of deposed sovereigns of small states that spanned the interface of the lower Himalayan foothills and Gangetic plains in the late eighteenth century. The flight of exiled sovereigns and the varied terms of their resettlement around the border region—a process spread over several decades—proved as significant in defining the new borderland between the East India Company and Nepal as the treaty penned after the Anglo-Nepal War of 1814 to 1816. Subsequent chapters consider cross-border movements of bandits, shifting cultivators, soldiers, gendered subjects, laborers, and, later, a developing professional class who became early Nepali nationalist spokesmen. Given that the India-Nepal border remained open without a significant military presence throughout the colonial and even into the contemporary period, I argue that ordinary people engaged with and shaped forms of political belonging and subject status through the always present option of mobility.
[Show full text]
Copyright, Translations, and Relations Between Britain and India in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
Chicago-Kent Law Review Volume 82 Issue 3 Symposium: Intellectual Property, Trade and Development: Accommodating and Article 4 Reconciling Different National Levels of Protection June 2007 Copyright, Translations, and Relations between Britain and India in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries Lionel Bently Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Lionel Bently, Copyright, Translations, and Relations between Britain and India in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries, 82 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 1181 (2007). Available at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview/vol82/iss3/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chicago-Kent Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. COPYRIGHT, TRANSLATIONS, AND RELATIONS BETWEEN BRITAIN AND INDIA IN THE NINETEENTH AND EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURIES LIONEL BENTLY* In 1914, the Government of India ("Gol") enacted a copyright law to vary the application of British imperial law to India. Among several varia- tions adopted, one related to translations. The 1911 British Imperial Act had conferred copyright protection for up to fifty years from the author's death, and included a right for that period to control the translation of the work.1 In contrast, section 4 of the
[Show full text]
Appendices Appendix a Convict Ships Embarked for Mauritius
Appendices Appendix A Convict Ships Embarked for Mauritius CONVICT SHIPS EMBARKED FOR MAURITIUS The following tables list all vessels transporting convicts from the Bengal and Bombay Presidencies to Mauritius between 1815 and 1836, in chronological order. They have been compiled from convict ship indents reproduced in the IOL P (Bengal and Bombay criminal and judicial proceedings) series and, to a lesser extent, the MA Z2D (passenger lists inwards) records. A 1: Convict ships from Bengal, 1815±28 Vessel Date of Departure Embarked Lady Barlow 10.9.1815 130 Helen 10.9.1815 106 Charlotte 25.9.1815 15 Po 5.10.1815 40 Susan 20.10.1815 32 Lady Sophia 31.10.1815 40 Greyhound 11.11.1815 40 Lady Elliott 22.1.1816 40 Lord Minto 16.2.1816 40 Union 19.3.1816 16 Po 26.4.1816 12 Swallow 21.7.1816 27 Union 15.9.1816 14 Jessie 27.9.1816 25 Greyhound 16.12.1816 16 Friendship 8.1.1817 11 Magnet 12.2.1817 40 Ceres 28.2.1817 25 Union 21.4.1817 32 John Bull 15.6.1817 5 Charlotte 23.7.1817 40 Ruby 30.8.1817 38 Union 17.9.1817 26 Magnet 14.10.1817 24 Friendship 26.11.1817 36 Anna Robertson 27.1.1818 31 Lord Amherst 19.6.1828 40 Reliance 19.6.1828 39 TOTAL 981 127 128 Convicts in the Indian Ocean A 2: Convict ships from Bombay, 1826±36 Vessel Date of Departure Embarked Constance 4.11.1826 16 Constance/Deux Charles 21.11.1827 7 Nerbudda 20.11.1828 2 Royal George n.d.
[Show full text]
Race, Caste and Tribe in Central India: the Early Origins of Indian Anthropometry
Edinburgh Research Explorer Race, caste and tribe in central India: the early origins of Indian anthropometry Citation for published version: Bates, C 1995, Race, caste and tribe in central India: the early origins of Indian anthropometry. in P Robb (ed.), The Concept of Race in South Asia. OUP India, pp. 219-59. Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: The Concept of Race in South Asia General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 27. Sep. 2021 1 From P. Robb (ed.), The Concept of Race in South Asia (O.U.P. Delhi, 1995), pp. 219-259. Race, Caste and Tribe in Central India: the early origins of Indian anthropometry Crispin Bates University of Edinburgh Nineteen eighty nine was the 100th anniversary of the commencement of the very first ethnographic survey of India and to celebrate this the government commissioned a new multi-volume survey of all of India's so-called tribes and castes.
[Show full text]
Caste System Among South Asian Muslims from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Caste system among South Asian Muslims From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Muslim communities in South Asia apply a system of social stratification. It developed as a result of ethnic segregation between the foreign conquerors (Ashraf) and the local converts (Ajlaf), as well as influence of the indigenous Hindu culture. Islam does not recognize any castes. Contents 1 Historical development 1.1 History of research 2 Divisions 3 Discrimination 4 See also 5 References 5.1 Bibliography 6 Further reading Historical development Islam does not recognize any castes,[1] however, by the time it came to Persia and India, the existing divisions in these regions were adopted among the local Muslim societies. The ancient Persian society had a social stratification system analogous to the Indian varna system. The Sasanian society retained this system with some changes, even after the Muslim conquest of Persia in the 7th century. Evidence of social stratification can be found in several later Persian works, such as Siyasatnama of Nizam al-Mulk (11th century), Akhlaq-i Nasiri of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (13th century), and Jam-i-Mufidi (17th century).[2] The Muslims who came to the subcontinent during the 12th century Muslim conquest of India were already divided into social classes such as priests, nobles and others. Further, a racial segregation demarcated the local Muslim converts from those of foreign origin. The foreigners claimed a superior status as they were associated with the conquerors, and categorized themselves as Ashraf ("noble").[3] Over time, the Indian Muslim society also split on the basis of the existing Hindu caste system.[3] According to M.
[Show full text]
Development of Typological Classification and Its Relationship To
J Biosci (2019)44:64 Ó Indian Academy of Sciences DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9880-8 (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV) Development of typological classification and its relationship to microdifferentiation in ethnic India 1,2 3,4 KCMALHOTRA * and T S VASULU 1Formerly Professor of Anthropology & Human Genetics, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India 2 Present Address: 1385, Church View Enclave, Sector 29, Noida 201 301, India 3Formerly Associate Professor of Anthropology & Human Genetics, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India 4 Present Address: 25, RM Banerjee Road, Bon Hoogly, Baranagar, Kolkata 700108, India *Corresponding author (Email, [email protected]) The history of the racial classification of the people of India can be looked at in three temporal phases: (1) at the national level, the initial studies of racial classification attempted along with the Census of India; (2) at the regional level, studies by anthropologists and statisticians following systematic sampling and statistical procedures were conducted after the initial national-level studies and (3) population-specific studies in different regions across the country including micro-evolu- tionary studies of individual populations followed the regional studies. Initially the racial classification was part of the Census survey conducted by British anthropologists in some parts of the country among castes and tribes and was based on a few physical traits. This was followed by a systematic anthropometric survey in particulars regions (e.g., UP, Bengal, etc.) by anthropologists and statisticians. This was followed by population specific micro-evolutionary studies across different regions by numerous anthropologists investigating the role of selection, drift, migration and admixture and other population structure variables among endogamous castes and tribes.
[Show full text]
Race, Caste and Tribe in Central India: the Early Origins of Indian Anthropometry
Edinburgh Papers In South Asian Studies Number 3 (1995) ________________ _________ __________ __ _______________ ___ Race, Caste and Tribe in Central India: The Early Origins of Indian Anthropometry Crispin Bates School of History & Classics University of Edinburgh For further information about the Centre and its activities, please contact the Convenor Centre for South Asian Studies, School of Social & Political Studies, University of Edinburgh, 15a George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9LD. e-mail: [email protected] web page: www.ed.ac.uk/sas/ ISBN: 1 900 795 02 7 Paper Price: £8 inc. postage and packing 3 Race, Caste and Tribe in Central India: the early origins of Indian anthropometry Crispin Bates Nineteen eighty nine was the 100th anniversary of the commencement of the very first ethnographic survey of India and to celebrate this the government commissioned a new multi-volume survey of all of India's so-called tribes and castes. Despite a renewed emphasis on social and cultural indicators, often absent from the very first surveys, the work of physical anthropologists and the techniques of 'anthropometry', which indeed formed their basis, would not, it was said, necessarily be ignored. The only difference in methodology between the two surveys was to be that where the British drew a line and refused to include communities of less than 2,000 in number, the new survey would go down to the last 200; and where cranial measurements were once the key indicator of differing racial type, this time it was blood groups that more often were to be preferred as the crucial indicator of physical difference.1 Such contemporary concerns show that the concept of race has had a powerful effect on Indian scholars and academics.
[Show full text]