DOCSLIB.ORG

The Nuzhah of Ibn Htranslation and Critical Commentary

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Nuzhah of Ibn Htranslation and Critical Commentary The Nuzhah of Ibn H ajar al-‘Asqaln (d. 852/1449); a translation and critical commentary. By Ather Shahbaz Hussain. A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY. School of Philosophy, Theology & Religion The University of Birmingham May 2012. Student ID; 305611 1 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract. This subject of this thesis is Nuzhat al-naz ar f tawdīh Nukhbat al-fikar, a manual written by Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqaln (d. 852/1449), outlining the science of prophetic traditions (‘ilm al-hadth). The thesis aims to fulfill two tasks. Firstly, an accurate and accessible translation of the Nuzhah will be presented in English. Secondly, this will be coupled with a detailed and critical commentary of Ibn Hajar’s work. This commentary will assess the worth of the Nuzhah in many ways; the writings of Ibn Hajar will be analysed to learn what it said about the climate of the ninth Islamic century, by comparing it with the works of Muslim scholars before and after Ibn Hajar. Additionally, where the works of modern, non-Muslim scholars such as Schacht and Juynboll are mentioned, it will be with the purpose to show the interaction with their Muslim counterparts. Themes such as the use of technical terms in the discipline, the importance of seniority and the pedagogical nature of the Nuzhah will also be discussed. 2 The Nuzhah of Ibn H ajar al-‘Asqaln (d. 852/1449). Contents. 1.0 Introduction to the thesis………………………………………………………..7 2.0 The life and works of Ibn H5ajar al-‘Asqal:n;………………………………...18 3.0 The Nuzhah of Ibn H5ajar; the Author’s Introduction and the related literature………………………………………………………………………...32 4.0 The Nuzhah of Ibn H5ajar……………………..………………………..............41 5.0 The Main Section; a translation of the Nuzhah, with the commentary and critical analysis………………………………………………....………….51 5.1 Author’s Introduction. 5.2 The division of traditions according to how they reached us. 5.3 Mutawtir- the Widespread. 5.4 Mashhr- the Famous and its types. 5.5 ‘Azz- the Scarce. 5.6 Gharb- the Rare. 5.7 Maqbl & mardd- the division of traditions according to the accepted and rejected. 5.8 Fard- the Solitary. 5.9 Sah"h"- the Sound. 5.10 Hasan- the Fair. 5.11 Shdhdh & mah fz$- The Preserved and the Anomalous. 5.12 Ma‘rf & munkar- the Familiar and the Unfamiliar. 5.13 Mutbi‘, shhid & i‘tibr- the Parallelisms, the Attestations and the Analysis. 5.14 Muh"kam- the Clear. 5.15 Mukhtalif al-hadth - the Contradictory Tradition. 5.16 Nsikh & manskh- the Abrogating and the Abrogated. 5.17 Mardd- the Rejected and the reasons for rejection. 5.18 Mu‘allaq- the Suspended. 5.19 Mursal- the Loose. 5.20 Mu‘d il & munqat i‘- the Problematic and the Interrupted. 5.21 Mudallas- the Misrepresented. 5.22 Mursal khaf- the Hidden Loose. 5.23 Reasons for defamation in the tradition. 5.24 Mawd$‘- the Forged. 5.25 Matrk- the Discarded. 5.26 Munkar- the Unfamiliar. 5.27 Mu‘allal- the Defective. 5.28 Mudraj- the Material Interpolated. 5.29 Maqlb- the Mixed-Up. 5.30 Mazd f muttas"il al-asnd- the Addition in Cohesive Chains. 3 5.31 Mud$t$arib- the Disrupted. 5.32 Mus"ah"h"af & muh"arraf- the Misread and the Misspelling. 5.33 Riwya bi-al-ma‘n- Transmission by Meaning. 5.34 Sharh" al-gharb- the Commentary of the Rare Words. 5.35 Jahla- the Unknown. 5.36 Mubham- the Obscure. 5.37 Bid‘a- the Innovation. 5.38 Mukhtalat$- the Merged. 5.39 Hasan li-ghayrih- the Fair by other. 5.40 Marf‘- the Raised. 5.41 Sah b- the Companions. 5.42 Tbi‘ (the Successors) and the Mukhad$ramn. 5.43 Marf‘ (the Raised), mawqf (the Halted), maqt$‘ (the Cut-Off) and athar (the Traces). 5.44 Musnad- the Supported. 5.45 ‘Uluww- the Elevated. 5.46 Muwfaqa & badal- the Agreements and Substitutions. 5.47 Muswh & mus fah a- the Equivalent and the Hand-Shaking. 5.48 Aqrn- the Generations. 5.49 Riwyat al-akbir ‘an al-as ghir- the Narration of the Seniors from the Juniors. 5.50 Riwyat al-abn’ ‘an al-.b’ - the Narration of the Sons from the Fathers. 5.51 Sbiq & lh iq- the Preceding and the Reaching. 5.52 Muhmal- The Obscure. 5.53 Man haddatha wa nasiya- The one who narrated and then forgot. 5.54 Musalsal- the Enchained. 5.55 S iyagh al-ad’- the Words of Delivery. 5.56 Mu‘an‘an- the Continuous ‘an. 5.57 Wijda- the discovery. 5.58 I‘lm- the declaration. 5.59 Muttafiq & muftariq- The homogeneous and the non-homogeneous. 5.60 Mu’talif & mukhtalif- the Similar and the Different. 5.61 Mutashbih -The Similar. 5.62 Conclusion: Knowing the generations of reporters, their birth-dates, their death- dates and their places of origins and travels. 5.63 Martib al-jarh wa-al-ta‘dl- the stages of accreditation and dis-accreditation. 5.64 Other rulings relating to jarh & ta‘dl. 5.65 Knowing the paidonymics of the reporters and other related matters. 5.66 Knowing the etiquettes of the shaykh and disciple. 5.67 The age of hearing and delivering reports, and the reports of a non-Muslim and a Muslim wrong-doer. 5.68 Knowing the method of writing and recording. 5.69 Travelling in pursuit of had th. 5.70 Types of had th Compilation. 5.71 The reasons behind the had th. 5.72 Final Supplication. 4 6.0 Findings………………...…………………………………………………...…425 7.0 Conclusion……………………………….………………………………….…495 8.0 Appendix A; Ibn H5ajar’s literary works…………………………………….501 9.0 Bibliography………………………………………………………………..….505 List of Diagrams. Section 5.8.2. A Summary of reports according to how they reached us. Section 5.16.3. A Summary of the maqbl (accepted reports). Section 5.38.2. A Summary of the rejected traditions. 5 Transliteration Table. Consonants. DI ض A ا TI ط B ب ZI ظ C ت A‘ ع Th ث Gh غ J ج F ف H ح Q ق Kh خ K ك D د L ل Dh ذ M م R ر N ن Z ز S b H س W و Sh ش Y ي SI ص .t in the construct state, -a in the non-construct state- ة Vowels. Short. Fathia: a Kasra: i DIamma: u k : و : ي : Long. j .preceded by a DIamma: aw و .Dipthongs .preceded by a Fathia: ay ي Arabic broken plurals have been translated into English. So, for example, I have written hadths rather than ahād th. 6 The Nuzhah of Ibn H ajar al-‘Asqaln (d. 852/1449); a translation and critical commentary. 1.1. Introduction to the Thesis. Nuzhat al-naz ar f tawdīh nukhbat al-fikar is one of the most famous and respected manuals in the discipline of ‘ilm al-hadth. Written by Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqaln (d. 852 A.H./1449 C.E.)1, it was one of the last major works on the subject, aimed at consolidating the vast array of literature that preceded it. The work is still revered today and continues to be taught in seminaries throughout the Muslim world. Nuzhat al-naz ar is actually a detailed commentary of a much shorter treatise written by Ibn Hajar, Nukhbat al-fikar f mustalah al-athar. The latter consists of only a few pages. In his introduction to Nuzhat al-naz ar, Ibn Hajar explains that his contemporaries asked him to offer a brief overview of ‘ilm al-hadth. Ibn Hajar duly obliged in the form of Nukhbat al-fikar, but he was then later asked to expand on this work. The result was Nuzhat al-naz ar f tawdīh nukhbat al-fikar. Though in reality the Nuzhah is two separate works (Nuzhat al-naz ar and Nukhbat al-fikar), Ibn Hajar wrote his final piece in an amalgamated style.2 The result is that it can be read as if it is one piece of work. As it will be shown in chapter three, the Nuzhah is only a small reflection of Ibn Hajar’s knowledge and academic contribution to the discipline of ‘ilm al-hadth. He wrote 1 A.H. denotes ‘After Hijra’, the date from which the Muslim calendar commenced. C.E. denotes ‘Common Era’. All corresponding dates in this thesis have been taken from The Muslim & Christian Calendars. G.S.P. Freeman-Grenville. Oxford University Press: London, 1963. 2 What this means is that when Ibn Hajar embarked on writing the Nuzhah, he did not delete anything from the Nukhbah. Rather, he added the commentary in between. 7 individual treatises on countless areas in this field. But the accessibility of the Nuzhah is just one reason why the work has remained in the public domain for such a long period of time. The work strikes a perfect balance between being a sound appreciation of ‘ilm al- hadth, but without deviation and without stretching into volumes of work. It offers an excellent overview of the main terminologies used in the field, a simple and systematic presentation of the division of traditions and an invaluable insight into Ibn Hajar’s own methodology.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ANGELS in ISLAM a Commentary with Selected Translations of Jalāl
    ANGELS IN ISLAM A Commentary with Selected Translations of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī’s Al-Ḥabā’ik fī akhbār al- malā’ik (The Arrangement of the Traditions about Angels) S. R. Burge Doctor of Philosophy The University of Edinburgh 2009 A loose-leaf from a MS of al-Qazwīnī’s, cAjā’ib fī makhlūqāt (British Library) Source: Du Ry, Carel J., Art of Islam (New York: Abrams, 1971), p. 188 0.1 Abstract This thesis presents a commentary with selected translations of Jalāl al-Dīn cAbd al- Raḥmān al-Suyūṭī’s Al-Ḥabā’ik fī akhbār al-malā’ik (The Arrangement of the Traditions about Angels). The work is a collection of around 750 ḥadīth about angels, followed by a postscript (khātima) that discusses theological questions regarding their status in Islam. The first section of this thesis looks at the state of the study of angels in Islam, which has tended to focus on specific issues or narratives. However, there has been little study of the angels in Islamic tradition outside studies of angels in the Qur’an and eschatological literature. This thesis hopes to present some of this more general material about angels. The following two sections of the thesis present an analysis of the whole work. The first of these two sections looks at the origin of Muslim beliefs about angels, focusing on angelic nomenclature and angelic iconography. The second attempts to understand the message of al-Suyūṭī’s collection and the work’s purpose, through a consideration of the roles of angels in everyday life and ritual.
    [Show full text]
  • THE Had3th TH Vol1 A01.Qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page Ii
    TH_Vol1_A01.qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page i THE hAD3TH TH_Vol1_A01.qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page ii Critical Concepts in Islamic Studies Other titles in this series The Koran Edited with a new introduction by Colin Turner 4 volume set Islam and Globalization Edited with a new introduction by Shahram Akbarzadeh 4 volume set Political Islam Edited with a new introduction by Barry Rubin 3 volume set Shi“ism Edited with a new introduction by Paul Luft and Colin Turner 4 volume set Sufism Edited with a new introduction by Lloyd Ridgeon 4 volume set Islam: Primary Sources Edited by Lloyd Ridgeon 6 volume set World Islam Edited with a new introduction by Andrew Rippin 4 volume set Islam in Southeast Asia Edited by Joseph Liow and Nadirsyah Hosen 4 volume set Forthcoming titles: Islamic Law Edited by Gavin Picken 4 volume set Jihad and Martyrdom Edited by David Cook 4 volume set Islam in the West Edited by David Westerlund and Ingvar Svanberg 4 volume set Islamic Medical and Scientific Tradition Edited by Peter Pormann 4 volume set TH_Vol1_A01.qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page iii THE hAD3TH Critical Concepts in Islamic Studies Edited by Mustafa Shah Volume I Codification, Authenticity TH_Vol1_A01.qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page iv First published 2010 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN, UK Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Editorial material and selection © 2010, Mustafa Shah; individual owners retain copyright in their own material Typeset in 10/12pt Times NR MT by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Group Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Did the Prophet Say It Or Not? the Literal, Historical, and Effective Truth of Hadîths in Early Sunnism
    Did the Prophet Say It or Not? The Literal, Historical, and Effective Truth of Hadîths in Early Sunnism JONATHAN A. C. BROWN UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON INTRODUCTION Clearly defining the place of prophetic hadiths in the epistemology of Sunni Islam has proven extremely difficult. On the one hand, Sunni hadith scholars and legal theorists elaborated two parallel but contrasting scales for describing their certainty that a hadith represented the authentic words or deeds of the Prophet. On the other hand, these Muslim scholars employed hadiths in a wide range of scholarly discourses and homiletics with seeming disregard for both of these epistemological rankings. The scale developed by legal theorists and adopted into Sunni Islam in the late fourth/tenth and early fifth/eleventh cen- turies has been well studied. ' But what about the epistemological scale of the formative Partisans of Hadith (ahl al-hadlth), the original "Sunni" {ahl al-sunna wa-1-jamâ'a) scholars, who preceded this adoption? What did al-Shâfi'^i (d. 204/820) or Ibn Hanbal (d. 241/855) mean when they said that a hadith was "sound" {sah'ih)?^ Did they mean that they believed that the Prophet had actually said that statement, or that he probably had, or did they only mean that it was indicative of his normative precedent? When al-Bukhari (d. 256/870) or al- Tirmidhi (d. 279/892) declared a hadith to be sound or "fair" (hasan), how did those terms reflect their opinion on the historical truth of the hadïth in question? If a sahih hadith was an authenticated report of the Prophet, how could scholars so regularly state that one hadith was "sounder" (asahh) than another?^ How do we translate the historical vision of early Muslim scholars into terms that are comprehensible in modern Western thought?'* In this article, I contend that ahl al-hadith did not view the historical reliability of hadiths through the epistemological lens of later Sunni legal theorists.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 'Abu Hurayra' a Narrator of Hadith Revisited
    1 ‘Ab u Hurayra’ a Narrator of Had ith Revisited: An Examination into the Dichotomous Representations of an Important Figure in Had ith with special reference to Classical Islamic modes of criticism Submitted by Usman Ghani to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Arab & Islamic Studies In July 2011 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: ………………………………………………………….. 2 Acknowledgments I would like to begin by thanking Allah the Most Gracious the Most Merciful for his incalculable bounties, without which I would be in a state of loss. I thank him for giving me the ability and opportunity to continue my studies. Secondly, I would like to thank my parents for their continuous support and prayers to whom this piece of work is a testimony of their constant love, support and belief. I strongly believe that it is through their prayers and continuous love and support I was able to achieve and fulfil my ambitions. I would also like to thank my supervisor Professor Ian Netton for all his supervision and kindness who has been like a fatherly figure for me throughout my course of study. My thanks also go my second supervisor Professor Sajjad Rizvi and Mentor Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Upholding God's Essence: Ibn Taymiyya on the Createdness of The
    Upholding God’s Essence: Ibn Taymiyya on the Createdness of the Spirit* Mohamed A. Moustafa** Abstract: Although scholarly attention has been paid to Ibn al-Qayyim’s popular Kitāb al-rūḥ, the soul- related views of his master are still ignored. Hence, this paper traces some of these ideas in Ibn Taymiyya’s Khalq al-rūḥ, in which he asserts the soul’s origination rather than its eternity, so as to uphold the idea of God’s essence. This paper consists of two parts. Part I problematizesKhalq in light of previous research, presents the sources of the study, and addresses some concepts that are significant for appreciating the development of its main argument. The five major arguments that Ibn Taymiyya invokes to justify his viewpoint shall be reconstructed from Khalq. Likewise, some of the ambiguities surrounding his identification of those who hold opposite views shall be resolved. Part II provides an annotated translation of Khalq. Keywords: Soul, spirit, eternity, origination, corporeality, Christology, antinomianism, eschatology, relation * Work on this paper started during an MA Fulbright scholarship at Hartford Seminary, Connecticut (Jan 2013-Feb 2015). An earlier version was presented at the University of Geneva’s international colloquium “The Body’s Mind and the Mind’s Body” (April 13, 2016). Thanks to theNazariyat ’s reviewers for their comments, Yahya Michot for reading Khalq with me, as well as Frank Griffel, Steven Blackburn, Mahmoud Ayoub, Jon Hoover, and Tzvi Langermann for their notes. ** Assistant Lecturer, al-Azhar University, Faculty of Languages and Translation. Correspondence: [email protected] DOI dx.doi.org/10.12658/Nazariyat.3.1.M0035en Cite© Moustafa, Mohamed A., “Upholding God’s Essence: Ibn Taymiyya on the Createdness of the Spirit”, Nazariyat Journal for the History of Islamic Philosophy and Sciences 3/2 (May 2017): 1-43.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to the Science of Hadith Classification
    Copied from : www.ahya.org The Classification of Hadeeth - [Book] Introduction to the Science of Hadith Classification by Shaikh (Dr.) Suhaib Hassan, Foreword The Definition of Hadeeth The Structure of Hadeeth -> The Sanad -> The Matn The Recording and Preservation of Hadeeth -> The Writing down of Hadeeth -> The Memorizing of Hadeeth The Significance of the Sanad (the chain of narrators of Hadeeth) The Fabrication of Hadeeth Mustalahal-Hadeeth (the Classification of Hadeeth) Classification according to the beginning of the Sanad (chain of narrators): -> Marfu’ (elevated) -> Mauquf (stopped) -> Maqtu’ (Severed) Classification according to the link in the isnad -> Musnad (supported) -> Mursal - Munqati’’- Mu’dal - Mu’allaq Classification according to the number of reporters involved in each stage of isnad -> Mutawatir (consecutive) -> Ahad (isolated) Classification according to the manner in which the Hadeeth has been reported -> Mudallas Hadeeth and Tadlis -> Musalsal Classification according to the nature of the matn and isnad -> Shadhdh irregular & Munkar denounced. -> Mudraj Classification according to a hidden defect found in the isnad or text of a Hadeeth -> Mudtarib -> Maqlub -> Ma’lul or Mu’allal Classification according to the Reliability and Memory of the Reporters -> Saheeh -> Hasan -> Da‘if -> Maudu’ An Important Argument regarding the Ahad Hadeeth Authenticity of a Mursal Hadeeth Rijal al-Hadeeth (the study of the reporters of Hadeeth) Who Fabricated Hadeeth? -> Political Differences -> Factions based on issues related to faith: -> Zandaqa -> Story-tellers -> Ignorant Ascetics (Soofis) -> Prejudice for town, race or one’s Imam -> Inventions for personal motives -> Sayings of wisdom turned into Hadeeth Brief Biographies of the eminent Scholars of Hadeeth Foreword All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies
    Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies JOURNAL OF ARABIC AND ISLAMIC STUDIES edited by Alex Metcalfe Volume 11 (2011) www.lancs.ac.uk/jais/volume/volume11.htm CONTENTS The role of the biographer in constructing identity and doctrine: al-ʿAbbādī and his Kitāb Ṭabaqāt al-fuqahāʾ al-shāfiʿiyya………. 1 Felicitas Opwis Die marṯiya des Aʿšā Bāhila auf seinen Halbbruder al-Muntašir. Eine thematische Untersuchung…………………………………… 36 Gert Borg Tokens of resentment: medieval Arabic narratives about gift exchange and social conflict…………………………………….…. 62 Jocelyn Sharlet Public execution in the Umayyad period: early Islamic punitive practice and its late antique context……………………………….. 101 Andrew Marsham The ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit tradition at the crossroads of methodology……………………………………………………….. 137 Pavel Pavlovitch Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies, 11 (2011) www.lancs.ac.uk/jais/volume/volume11.htm THE ROLE OF THE BIOGRAPHER IN CONSTRUCTING IDENTITY AND DOCTRINE: AL-ʿABBĀDĪ AND HIS KITĀB ṬABAQĀT AL-FUQAHĀʾ AL-SHĀFIʿIYYA Felicitas Opwis GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY This paper explores the role of the biographer in compiling a biographical dictionary, focusing on al-ʿAbbādī’s (d. 458/1066) work on the Shāfiʿī ‘school’ of law. The paper argues that al-ʿAbbādī straddles a fine line of faithful transmission of school doctrines and artful arrangement of the materials in order to shape the identity, authority structures, and doctrines of the school according to his vision. To highlight al-ʿAbbādī’s role in constructing the identity and authority structures of the school the paper focuses on three areas: first, how al-ʿAbbādī lays out his vision of the school in the entry of the eponym of the school by delineating the areas of law that JAISdistinguish al-Shāfi ʿī from other founders of schools of law; second, how al- ʿAbbādī deals with contradictory positions held among members of the school; third, how he gives the school of law also a theological identity (Ashʿarism) by discussing such topics as free will, the createdness of the Qurʾān, and the ONLINEdefinition of faith (īmān).
    [Show full text]
  • Život I Djelo Imama Sulaymāna Ibn Aḥmada Al-Ṭabarānīja S Posebnim Osvrtom Na Njegova Naučna Putovanja: Prilog Biografiji
    Kom, 2020, vol. IX (2) : 115–131 UDK: 28-1:929 Табарани С. DOI: 10.5937/kom2002115G Originalan naučni rad Original scientific paper Život i djelo imama Sulaymāna ibn Aḥmada Al-Ṭabarānīja s posebnim osvrtom na njegova naučna putovanja: prilog biografiji Dževad Gološ Univerzitet Ez-Zitouna, Tunis Imam Al-Ṭabarānī, Sulaymān ibn Aḥmad ibn Ayyūb ibn Muṭayyir, jedan je od najvećih hadiskih autoriteta kroz cijelu islamsku povijest, te od naj- plodonosnijih pisaca iz oblasti hadisa. Njegova najpoznatija djela su tri ha- diske enciklopedije poznatije kao Mu‘ğami: Al-Mu‘ğam al-Kabīr, Al-Mu‘ğam al-Awṣaṭ i Al-Mu‘ğam al-Ṣaġīr. Pored ova tri poznata djela napisao je još mnogo djela, od kojih su neka štampana, a jedan broj njih se smatra izgubljenim. Među najpoznatijim izgubljenim djelima imama Al-Ṭabarānīja jesta djelo Al-Sunna. Važnost ovog izgubljenog djela ogleda se u tome što su veliki islamski autoriteti poput Al-Ḏahabīja, Ibn al-Kaṯīra, Ibn Taymiyye, Ibn al-Qayyima, Al-Mizzīja, Al-Suyuṭīja i drugih u svojim djelima prenosili citate iz spomenutog izgubljenog djela. Imam Al-Ṭabarānī živio je stotinu godina i njegov život je bio ispunjen naučnim putovanjima, tako da ćemo rijetko naći da je neko od islamskih autoriteta imao toliko naučnih putova- nja kao što ih je imao imam Al-Ṭabarānī. U ovom radu pokušao sam da se posebno osvrnem na ta naučna putovanja i da ponudim njihov hronološki prikaz. Tom prilikom najviše sam se oslanjao na njegovo djelo Al-Mu‘ğam al-Ṣaġīr u kojem je imam Al-Ṭabarānī prilikom prenošenja hadisa spomi- njao mjesto i datum gdje je spomenuti hadis čuo.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hanbalite Theology: a Critical Study of the Hanbalite Theological Creeds and Polemical Adversaries
    Jurnal AFKARUNA Vol. 17 No. 1 Juni 2021 The Hanbalite Theology: A Critical Study of The Hanbalite Theological Creeds and Polemical Adversaries DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/afkaruna.v17i1.11353 AHWAN FANANI Universitas Islam Negeri Walisanga email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The Hanbalite school, well-known as a traditional school of Islamic law, played important role in theological disscourses in Islamic history. The fact, however, fails to be paid enough attention because of prevalent knowledge among Islamic society that the Hanbalite is only and a school of Islamic law. The Hanbalite theology is frequently abandoned in Islamic scholarship, although several researches have tried to reveal them. This article is aimed to extend previous researche of the Hanbalite theology through the description of its creeds and the elaboration of theological polemics between the Hanbalites and their adversaries. This article employs the history of idea by analyzing references written by Hanbalite schol- ars and other related sources. The references are collected and categorized according to the need of topics and then interpreted to provide readers with overall picture of the Hanbalite theology and their polemics along history. The Hanbalites creeds are based on textual understanding on Quranic texts and prophetic traditions. The creeds are underpinned by the idea that the Quran is not created and Quranic verses on God’s attributes should be understood textually. The idea led Hanbalite scholars to do a debate with other theologians. The article provides a more vivid description on Hanbalite creeds and analyzes the creeds in the light polemics launched by the Hanbalite scholars against their rivals.
    [Show full text]
  • Sufism: the Formative Period
    Sufi sm KKaramustafa_00_Prelims.inddaramustafa_00_Prelims.indd i 221/2/071/2/07 009:44:009:44:00 The New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys Series Editor: Carole Hillenbrand titles available or forthcoming The New Islamic Dynasties Clifford Edmund Bosworth Media Arabic Julia Ashtiany Bray An Introduction to the Hadith John Burton A History of Islamic Law Noel Coulson Medieval Islamic Political Thought Patricia Crone A Short History of the Ismailis Farhad Daftary Islam: An Historical Introduction (2nd Edition) Gerhard Endress A History of Christian–Muslim Relations Hugh Goddard ShiÆism (2nd Edition) Heinz Halm Islamic Science and Engineering Donald Hill Islamic Law: From Historical Foundations to Contemporary Practice Mawil Izzi Dien Sufi sm: The Formative Period Ahmet T. Karamustafa Islamic Aesthetics Oliver Leaman Persian Historiography Julie Scott Meisami Pilgrims and Pilgrimage Josef Meri The Muslims of Medieval Italy Alex Metcalfe The Archaeology of the Islamic World Marcus Milwright Twelver ShiÆism: Unity and Diversity in the Life of Islam Andrew Newman Muslims in Western Europe (3rd Edition) Jørgen Nielsen Medieval Islamic Medicine Peter E. Pormann and Emilie Savage-Smith Islamic Names Annemarie Schimmel Oral Tradition and Literacy in Classical Islam Gregor Schoeler Modern Arabic Literature Paul Starkey Islamic Medicine Manfred Ullman Islam and Economics Ibrahim Warde A History of Islamic Spain W. Montgomery Watt and Pierre Cachia Introduction to the Qur’an W. Montgomery Watt Islamic Creeds W. Montgomery Watt Islamic Philosophy and Theology W. Montgomery Watt Islamic Political Thought W. Montgomery Watt The Infl uence of Islam on Medieval Europe W. Montgomery Watt Understanding the Qur’an Alford Welch KKaramustafa_00_Prelims.inddaramustafa_00_Prelims.indd iiii 221/2/071/2/07 009:44:019:44:01 Sufi sm The formative period AHMET T.
    [Show full text]
  • ANGELS in ISLAM a Commentary With
    ANGELS IN ISLAM A Commentary with Selected Translations of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī’s Al-Ḥabā’ik fī akhbār al- malā’ik (The Arrangement of the Traditions about Angels) S. R. Burge Doctor of Philosophy The University of Edinburgh 2009 A loose-leaf from a MS of al-Qazwīnī’s, cAjā’ib fī makhlūqāt (British Library) Source: Du Ry, Carel J., Art of Islam (New York: Abrams, 1971), p. 188 0.1 Abstract This thesis presents a commentary with selected translations of Jalāl al-Dīn cAbd al- Raḥmān al-Suyūṭī’s Al-Ḥabā’ik fī akhbār al-malā’ik (The Arrangement of the Traditions about Angels). The work is a collection of around 750 ḥadīth about angels, followed by a postscript (khātima) that discusses theological questions regarding their status in Islam. The first section of this thesis looks at the state of the study of angels in Islam, which has tended to focus on specific issues or narratives. However, there has been little study of the angels in Islamic tradition outside studies of angels in the Qur’an and eschatological literature. This thesis hopes to present some of this more general material about angels. The following two sections of the thesis present an analysis of the whole work. The first of these two sections looks at the origin of Muslim beliefs about angels, focusing on angelic nomenclature and angelic iconography. The second attempts to understand the message of al-Suyūṭī’s collection and the work’s purpose, through a consideration of the roles of angels in everyday life and ritual.
    [Show full text]
  • Oral Tradition and Scribal Conventions in the Documents Attributed to the Prophet Muḥammad
    ORAL TRADITION AND SCRIBAL CONVENTIONS IN THE DOCUMENTS ATTRIBUTED TO THE PROPHET MUḤAMMAD by Sarah Zubair Mirza A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Near Eastern Studies) in The University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Professor Michael David Bonner, Chair Professor Sherman A. Jackson Associate Professor Maragaret L. Hedstrom Professor Geoffrey A. Khan, University of Cambridge Sound is given body But body itself ceases to exist Body has a prehistory as sound Copyright Sarah Zubair Mirza 2010 To my sun, moon, and stars: Ami, Abu, Nadi, Nym and to Gackt , viskei sensei ii Acknowledgements The past five years have seen changes to my world and to my approach to these documents through not only the academic and intellectual support and contributions of several experts, but their friendship and personalities. For managing all the details of enrolling, teaching, and funding throughout my time at NES: Margaret Casazza and Angela Beskow. For feedback and references: Dr. Gottfried Hagen, and Dr. Diane Hughes for introducing me to memory palaces. Mentors: Dr. Michael Bonner, under whom I have had the privilege to study early Islamic historiography during my time at UM, for endless good humor, scholarship that is rigorous and comprehensive, not letting me step away from any opportunity to undertake a riḥla, and for his unwavering confidence in the project and my ability to execute it. Dr. Margaret Hedstrom, who encouraged this particular project on the Prophet’s Letters from its very first form as a paper in her seminar on Archives and Collective memory, for introducing me to the historiographical implications of how documents are stored.
    [Show full text]